Group: Deep Organ Tumours
Oesophageal & Upper Gastrointestinal Tumours
In oesophageal and gastric tumours electroporation has been studied through endoscopic access. Calcium electroporation and electrochemotherapy have been examined in phase I and palliative settings, and in one study compared with argon plasma coagulation. On the gastric side the clinical record is at case-series level, while irreversible electroporation is represented here by animal safety studies.
Clinical publications: randomized, prospective and retrospective studies, case series and case reports. Preclinical publications: animal, in vitro, modelling and experimental biophysics studies.
Clinical and Technical Data Reported in the Publications
The sum of the fields reported in the full text of the 7 publications in this area. The numbers are summed, not interpreted.
The totals are not a count of unique patients: the same cohort may have been reported in more than one publication.
Literature Status by Method
Publication count, clinical and preclinical split, literature volume and publication span for each clinical method. The badges at the top of the page summarise the Calcium EP and ECT records separately; the full split by method is here.
Electrochemotherapy (ECT)
Exploratory / low-volume literaturethreshold 1/2 records
Clinical and preclinical split of that figure: 1 clinical, 0 preclinical.
2018–2023
Irreversible electroporation (IRE)
Exploratory / low-volume literaturethreshold 0/1 records
No record for this method feeds the volume label.
2023–2023
Calcium electroporation
Exploratory / low-volume literaturethreshold 0/3 records
No record for this method feeds the volume label.
2022–2025
Other electroporation applications
This set does not name a single clinical method; no literature volume is assigned.
2025–2025
Mechanisms Mentioned in Abstracts
The figure is the number of abstracts mentioning the mechanism. A mention does not mean it was demonstrated in that study.
Study Type Distribution
The percentage gives the share of the whole area.
| Study type | Publications | Share within this area |
|---|---|---|
| Randomized Clinical Trial | 1 | 14% |
| Prospective Clinical Study | 1 | 14% |
| Clinical Study | 3 | 43% |
| Case Series | 1 | 14% |
| Animal Study | 1 | 14% |
Publication Table
7 publication records sorted by study design. Click a title to open the citation, mechanism and full abstract drawer.
Classifications are generated automatically and can be wrong for individual records. Methodology
| Regime | Publication | Year | Study type | Model | Mechanism | Patients / lesions | Device | Agent and route | Reported outcome | Abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ECT | Egeland et al · MRAJ | 2023 | Randomized Clinical Trial | Human | – | 10 | ePORE, EndoVE® electrode | bleomycin · intravenous | overall survival 3 count (9 patients) | Background: In this randomized clinical trial, we compared endoscopic-assisted electrochemotherapy (ECT) with argon plasma coagulation (APC) in patients suffering from esophageal cancer. We … |
| ECT | Egeland et al · Endosc Int Open | 2018 | Prospective Clinical Study | Human | Increased Intracellular Bleomycin Accumulation | 6 | EndoVE, Cliniporator | bleomycin · intravenous | complete response 2 count (5 patients) | Background and study aims: Esophageal cancer is on the rise in the western world and the disease has a poor 5-year survival prognosis below 20 %. Electrochemotherapy is a treatment where a c… |
| Calcium EP | Bazancir et al · Eur J Surg Oncol | 2025 | Clinical Study | Human | Calcium Electroporation and ATP Depletion, Disruption of Calcium Homeostasis | 6 / 6 | EndoVE, ePORE, AccuSync 42 | calcium chloride · intratumoural | – | Background: Barrett's esophagus high-grade dysplasia (BE HGD) can transform into esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in 19-28 % of the cases. Calcium electroporation (Ca-EP) is a novel anti-canc… |
| Calcium EP | Egeland · J Cancer Res Clin Oncol | 2023 | Clinical Study | Human | Calcium Electroporation and ATP Depletion | 5 | – | calcium chloride · intratumoural | – | Purpose: In this study, we aim to investigate gene expression changes in tumor samples obtained from patients with esophageal cancer treated with calcium electroporation. Previously, local t… |
| Calcium EP | Egeland · Cancers (Basel) | 2022 | Clinical Study | Human | Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation, Calcium Electroporation and ATP Depletion | 8 | ePORE, EndoVE | calcium chloride · intratumoural | – | Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is a novel cancer therapy wherein high intracellular calcium levels, facilitated by reversible electroporation, trigger tumor necrosis. This study aimed to est… |
| Other EP | Bonura et al · Diseases | 2025 | Case Series | Human | Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation, Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death | – | EndoVE, ePORE | calcium chloride | – | Background/objectives: Gastric cancer often presents at advanced stages with complications such as iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) due to chronic bleeding, representing a significant global hea… |
| IRE | Jeon · Sci Rep | 2023 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | – / 24 | BTX Gemini X2, EPO-B1, EPO-G2 | – | – | Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is emerging as a promising tissue ablation technique. However, maintaining irreversible electroporation (IRE) electrodes against displacement … |
Limitations
Publication volume is not clinical efficacy or evidence quality. It describes how much literature exists in the area and of what kind; it does not indicate how strongly the treatment is supported, guideline endorsement or regulatory status.
Patient totals are not a count of unique patients. The same cohort may have been reported in more than one publication; the totals are not a meta-analysis.
How the corpus was assembled, the tier thresholds, the definition of a clinical publication and why methods are counted separately: Literature Map.