Group: Deep Organ Tumours
Lung & Peribronchial Tumours
Lung and peribronchial sites are technically demanding because of the electrical conductivity of air-filled tissue and respiratory motion. The number of publications in the corpus is limited and the area is largely at an early research stage.
Clinical publications: randomized, prospective and retrospective studies, case series and case reports. Preclinical publications: animal, in vitro, modelling and experimental biophysics studies.
Literature Status by Method
Publication count, clinical and preclinical split, literature maturity and publication span for each clinical method. The badges at the top of the page summarise the IRE and ECT records separately; the full split by method is here.
Electrochemotherapy (ECT)
Exploratory literaturethreshold 1/4
Validated records entering the maturity calculation: 1 (clinical 0, preclinical 1), 25% of the records for this method.
2002–2025
Irreversible electroporation (IRE)
Exploratory literaturethreshold 2/11
Validated records entering the maturity calculation: 2 (clinical 0, preclinical 2), 18% of the records for this method.
2012–2026
Other electroporation applications
This set does not name a single clinical method; no literature maturity is assigned.
2019–2023
Mechanisms Mentioned in Abstracts
Mechanism names are detected by automatic matching over publication abstracts; the figure is the number of publications containing the name. A mention does not mean the mechanism was demonstrated in that study.
Study Type Distribution
Bar length is scaled to the most common study type; the percentage gives the share of the whole area. Colour marks the study-type band, on the same scale as the literature map.
| Study type | Publications | Share within this area |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Study | 3 | 17% |
| Case Report | 1 | 6% |
| Review | 2 | 11% |
| Animal Study | 9 | 50% |
| In Vitro Study | 3 | 17% |
Literature Evidence Table
18 publications listed in order of evidence strength. Click a title to open the citation, mechanism and full abstract drawer.
The study type, model and mechanism columns are assigned automatically and can be wrong for individual records; the abstract column is taken either from the publication's own abstract or from the opening text of the source PDF. The labels are there for scanning and filtering, not as record-level verified data; consult the full text before acting on any single publication. The classification rules and known errors are on the Literature Map.
| Regime | Publication | Year | Study type | Model | Mechanism | Abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRE | Kodama et al · Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology | 2016 | Clinical Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation, Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death | No. 585 Managing chest tubes following lung biopsy: how to read a water seal device and algorithm for same day discharge Feasibility and acute safety following catheter directed endoluminal … |
| IRE | Solomon SB · – | 2016 | Clinical Study | Human | Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation, Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death | This publication has no abstract. |
| IRE | Ricke et al · Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol | 2015 | Clinical Study | Human | Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | Purpose: To assess safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) of lung malignancies. Materials and methods: Patients with primary and secondary lung malignancies and preserved … |
| IRE | Usman et al · Med Sci Monit | 2012 | Case Report | Human | Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | Background: Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of lung tumors is a new minimally invasive technique which has recently been used in the treatment of soft tissue tumors. Case rep… |
| Other EP | Lassandro · Pol J Radiol | 2023 | Review | Literature Analysis | Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation, Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death | Thermal ablation is a minimally invasive technology used to treat many types of tumors, including lung cancer. Specifically, lung ablation has been increasingly performed for unsurgical fit … |
| ECT | Jahangeer et al · Cancer Treat Rev | 2013 | Review | Human | – | Lung cancer remains the most common cancer diagnosed worldwide and has one of the lowest survival rates of all cancers. Surgery remains the only curative treatment option but because most pa… |
| IRE | Kim · PLoS One | 2026 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress | This study aimed to optimize irreversible electroporation (IRE) parameters to enhance intracellular injury, specifically targeting nuclear and mitochondrial structures that are insufficientl… |
| IRE | Zhang et al · Transl Res | 2026 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | Objective: To assess the feasibility and safety of bronchoscopy-guided synergistic pulsed irreversible electroporation (S-IRE) for ablating pulmonary tissues. Methods: Three Bama pigs underw… |
| ECT | Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė et al · Pharmaceutics | 2025 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Increased Intracellular Bleomycin Accumulation, Increased Intracellular Cisplatin Accumulation | Background/Objectives: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a reliable and potent technique for managing primary tumors; however, significant efforts are being made to characterize and improve the s… |
| IRE | Fang · Front Immunol | 2025 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new, non-thermal ablation technology for cancer treatment that requires further investigation to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. To impr… |
| Other EP | Meininger et al · Ann Biomed Eng | 2023 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | – | Pulsed electric field (PEF) technologies treat many types of tissue. Many systems mandate synchronization to the cardiac cycle to avoid the induction of cardiac arrhythmias. Significant diff… |
| IRE | Fujimori et al · Bioelectricity | 2021 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Irreversible Pore Formation and Cell Death, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | Background: This study investigated the sparing of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and blood vessels at the site of lung irreversible electroporation (IRE), and its impact on postablation T c… |
| IRE | Kodama et al · J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | 2018 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Increased Intracellular Cisplatin Accumulation, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of catheter-based endobronchial electroporation for the treatment of peribronchial tumors and assess the incidence of treatment-related adverse events.… |
| IRE | Song · World J Surg Oncol | 2018 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Apoptosis Induction, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | Background: Steep pulse therapy can irreversible electrically brackdown of tumor membrance and cause cell death. In previous studies, we investigated the effect of steep pulsed electroporati… |
| ECT | Salomskaite-Davalgiene et al · Medicina (Kaunas) | 2002 | Animal Study | Animal (In Vivo) | Increased Intracellular Bleomycin Accumulation, Haemostasis and Bleeding Control | Under the influence of strong electric fields the permeability of tumor cell membranes to poor permeating drugs increases and as a result the tumor growth is inhibited. This new tumor treatm… |
| Other EP | Kim et al · Biochem Biophys Res Commun | 2019 | In Vitro Study | Cell Culture | Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation, Transmembrane Potential Change | Electroporation is used for cancer therapy to efficiently destroy cancer tissues by transferring anticancer drugs into cancer cells or by irreversible tumor ablation without resealing pores.… |
| ECT | DRĄG-ZALESIŃSKA et al · Anticancer Res | 2019 | In Vitro Study | Cell Culture | Increased Intracellular Cisplatin Accumulation, Apoptosis Induction | Background/aim: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) originates from neuroendocrine branchial cells (15-20%). It is regarded as distinct from other lung cancers due to its biological and clinical f… |
| IRE | Song et al · Int J Clin Exp Med | 2014 | In Vitro Study | Cell Culture | Apoptosis Induction, Reversible Membrane Permeabilisation | To explore the mechanisms for steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology to kill the lung cancer cell L9981. The apoptosis, cells mitochondrial membrane potential, internal PH chang… |
No publication matches these filters.
Limitations
The counts on this page are bounded by the scope of the source PDF archive and are not a systematic review of the area's literature.
A literature maturity label reflects the number of publications, not their methodological quality: it describes how much literature exists in the area and of what kind, not how strongly the treatment is supported. It does not indicate clinical use, guideline endorsement, reimbursement coverage or regulatory status, and it is not a formal GRADE assessment. The definitions and thresholds of the four tiers are on the Literature Map.
The “clinical publications” figure on this page (4) uses the portal's single definition: primary clinical studies, case series and case reports. Systematic reviews and guidelines are not included. The count feeding the badge threshold is narrower and does not count case reports; no publication in this area enters that threshold count under any method, and the badge at the top of the page rests on the ECT count alone. The two counts are not the same and cannot stand in for one another; the full threshold table is on the Literature Map.
3 of the 18 records in this area enter the threshold count. The remaining 15 are marked in the validation ledger as conflicting, insufficient or out of scoring; they appear in the table below but affect no threshold and no badge. That share (17%) is not equal across areas: it is 13% portal-wide and ranges from 0% to 42% by area. Two areas' badges therefore cannot be compared directly; a lower badge can reflect narrower verification coverage as much as a narrower literature.
Literature maturity on this page is given separately for each clinical method. The methods present in this area are: Electrochemotherapy (ECT), Irreversible electroporation (IRE), Other electroporation applications. Methods may share the same biophysical basis but they are distinct treatments; evidence gathered for one method cannot be generalised to another.