[ { "id": "ref-9c3aadf221ba", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "[Histological analysis of electrochemotherapy influence in Lewis lung carcinoma]", "authors": "Salomskaite-Davalgiene et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": null, "pmid": "12474687", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Under the influence of strong electric fields the permeability of tumor cell membranes to poor permeating drugs increases and as a result the tumor growth is inhibited. This new tumor treatment method is named electrochemotherapy. We investigated the electrochemotherapy influence of bleomycin upon mice Lewis Lung…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8b851a636375", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Review of current thermal ablation treatment for lung cancer and the potential of electrochemotherapy as a means for treatment of lung tumours", "authors": "Jahangeer et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Cancer Treat Rev", "doi": "10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.03.007", "pmid": "23601905", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Lung cancer remains the most common cancer diagnosed worldwide and has one of the lowest survival rates of all cancers. Surgery remains the only curative treatment option but because most patients are either diagnosed at advanced stages or are unfit for surgery, less than a third of all lung cancer patients will…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-90378ba90f75", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "[Irreversible electroporation. Current value for focal treatment of prostate cancer]", "authors": "Arbeitskreis für fokale und Mikrotherapie der Akademie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie e.V. et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Urologe A", "doi": "10.1007/s00120-015-3864-6", "pmid": "26024649", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a new tissue ablation procedure available since 2007, could meet the requirements for ideal focal therapy (FT) with its postulated features, especially the absence of a thermal ablative effect. Thus far, there is no adequate tumor-entity-specific proof of its…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-847eb0451a06", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy new treatment to manage vascular malformations", "authors": "McMorrow et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.10.002", "pmid": "29055573", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Venous malformations are congenital anomalies of the vascular system. The injection of bleomycin (a cytotoxic, antitumour drug) into the lesion is a safe and effective treatment for low-flow (venous and lymphatic) malformations, but its use systemically has been associated with pulmonary fibrosis. Intralesional…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "legacy_unverified", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-14b6fab8c50c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Özofagus ve Üst Gastrointestinal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "ozofagus-ve-ust-gi-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Endoscopic-Assisted Electrochemotherapy Versus Argon Plasma Coagulation in Non-Curable Esophageal Cancer – A Randomized Clinical Trial", "authors": "Egeland et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "MRAJ", "doi": "10.18103/mra.v11i9.4474", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: In this randomized clinical trial, we compared endoscopic-assisted electrochemotherapy (ECT) with argon plasma coagulation (APC) in patients suffering from esophageal cancer. We hypothesized that an initial, local tumor treatment could prevent or prolong the time to severe, obstructive dysphagia. Previous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d258ed8ee659", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium Electrochemotherapy and Challenges in Combined Treatment with Dendritic Cell Vaccination", "authors": "Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics17070804", "pmid": "40733014", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a reliable and potent technique for managing primary tumors; however, significant efforts are being made to characterize and improve the systemic immune response, which is crucial for metastasis prevention. Current evidence suggests that the advancement of ECT will depend on its integration with complementary immunomodulatory methods. Methods: In this study, we examined the combined effects of calcium-based electrochemotherapy (CaECT, 1.3 kV/cm × 100 µs, eight pulses delivered at 1 Hz repetition frequency) with dendritic cell vaccination (DCV). Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC1) was used as a tumor model. We characterized the effects of CaECT alone and in combination with DCV therapy on tumor growth, analyzed the changes in immune cell subpopulations, and studied the humoral immune response dynamics on day 10, 20, and 30. Given the limited effect of DCV, additional experiments were conducted with the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CP), known for its immunomodulatory properties. Results: Although CaECT demonstrated potent antitumor activity and induced a significant immune response, its combination with DCV did not result in enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The combination of CP also failed to improve median survival. Conclusions: It is concluded that CaECT is a promising alternative to standard ECT involving bleomycin or cisplatin. However, further optimization is necessary to enhance the therapeutic synergy of CaECT when combined with DCV.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-41fe5e96c334", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "An electrochemotherapy model for rat tongue carcinoma", "authors": "Hasegawa et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "J Oral Pathol Med", "doi": "10.1111/j.1600-0714.1998.tb01951.x", "pmid": "9707276", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new technique that enhances the antitumor effect of various anticancer agents by delivering high-voltage electrical impulses to the tumor. A rat squamous cell carcinoma and a hepatocellular carcinoma were transplanted into the tongues of rats and subjected to a) high-voltage electrical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4aafef2defb2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "In vivo antitumor effects of electrochemotherapy in a tongue cancer model", "authors": "Omura et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "J Oral Maxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/S0278-2391(99)90019-8", "pmid": "10437724", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study investigated the in vivo antitumor effects of electrochemotherapy (ECT) using electroporation and bleomycin in a hamster tongue cancer model to assess its clinical applicability. Materials and methods: Twenty animals with chemically induced tongue cancer were divided into four experimental groups…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3b5620f5680d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Rapid tumor necrosis induced by electrochemotherapy with intratumoral injection of bleomycin in a hamster tongue cancer model", "authors": "Omura et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/s0901-5027(00)80008-9", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "This study evaluated the effects of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with intratumoral injection of bleomycin (BLM) on the chemically induced tongue cancer model in the hamster. Intratumoral injection of BLM followed by high-voltage electrical treatment induced rapid necrosis of the tumor within 48 hours and subsequent rapid…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ac92a130ba57", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Endoscopic and Electroporation Therapy of Paranasal Sinus Tumors", "authors": "Panje et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Am J Rhinol", "doi": "10.2500/105065800782102744", "pmid": "10887626", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of endoscopic and electroporation therapy for the treatment of sinonasal carcinomas. Electroporation therapy is a technique that combines intralesional injection of bleomycin combined with application of high-voltage square wave electrical impulse into the tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bcc7cb78e92a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Enhanced anti-tumour effect of cisplatin with low-voltage electrochemotherapy in hamster oral fibrosarcoma", "authors": "Fujimoto et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "J Int Med Res", "doi": "10.1177/147323000503300505", "pmid": "16222883", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to determine the effects of low-voltage electrochemotherapy with intraperitoneal cisplatin on hamster oral fibrosarcoma. Oral fibrosarcoma was transplanted submucosally into the cheek pouch mucosa of 100 hamsters. After transplantation, the hamsters were randomly divided into four equal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7d39aa3c6bba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Actual Considerations and Clinical Experience in Head and Neck Cancers", "authors": "Gargiulo et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Annals of Surgery", "doi": "10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181d57a44", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-520f6671bb99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electroporation therapy for T1 and T2 oral tongue cancer", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Acta Otolaryngol", "doi": "10.3109/00016489.2010.541937", "pmid": "21190422", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Conclusion: Electroporation therapy appears to be a safe treatment achieving excellent local tumor control and very good functional results in our study and it should be further clinically evaluated. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess local tumor control, survival, and effects on speech and eating…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f4d0e3c3713f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Chimeric DNA Vaccines against ErbB2+ Carcinomas From Mice to Humans", "authors": "Quaglino et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers3033225", "pmid": "24212954", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "DNA vaccination exploits a relatively simple and flexible technique to generate an immune response against microbial and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Its effectiveness is enhanced by the application of an electrical shock in the area of plasmid injection (electroporation). In our studies we exploited a sophisticated electroporation device approved for clinical use (Cliniporator, IGEA, Carpi, Italy). As the target antigen is an additional factor that dramatically modulates the efficacy of a vaccine, we selected ErbB2 receptor as a target since it is an ideal oncoantigen. It is overexpressed on the cell membrane by several carcinomas for which it plays an essential role in driving their progression. Most oncoantigens are self-tolerated molecules. To circumvent immune tolerance we generated two plasmids (RHuT and HuRT) coding for chimeric rat/human ErbB2 proteins. Their immunogenicity was compared in wild type mice naturally tolerant for mouse ErbB2, and in transgenic mice that are also tolerant for rat or human ErbB2. In several of these mice, RHuT and HuRT elicited a stronger anti-tumor response than plasmids coding for fully human or fully rat ErbB2. The ability of heterologous moiety to blunt immune tolerance could be exploited to elicit a significant immune response in patients. A clinical trial to delay the recurrence of ErbB2+ carcinomas of the oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx is awaiting the approval of the Italian authorities.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5569a1b68331", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for non-melanoma head and neck cancers: clinical outcomes in 25 patients", "authors": "Gargiulo et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Ann Surg", "doi": "10.1097/SLA.0b013e31824f68b2", "pmid": "22549747", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate and confirm the efficacy and safety of electrochemotherapy (ECT) using bleomicyn in a large series of non-melanoma head and neck cancers. Background: ECT combines chemotherapy and electroporation to increase drug uptake into cancer cells. ECT has proven to be effective in the treatment of tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1e29196040af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) with Bleomycin as a Palliative Treatment of Regional Relapse in Head and Neck Cancer (H&NC) Patients (PTS). a Pilot Study", "authors": "Grau et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Annals of Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/S0923-7534(20)33602-4", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "ECT is the administration of electrical pulses in the tumour during perfusion of chemotherapy allowing the introduction of the drug in neoplastic cell. H&N regional relapse no suitable for local or systemic treatment has a median survival of 3 months causing local pain and anxiety to the pts. We prospecively analysed antitumoral activity of ECT in regional relapse of H&NC not suitable for other therapies. Methods: Pts with local-regional relapse of H&NC from mucosa (squamous carcinoma), thyroid gland, salivary gland, cutaneous squamous or cutaneous melanoma were included. Other inclusion criteria were good general condition, no history of reaction to Bleomycin, life spectancy of 3 or more months and no possibility of salvage local surgery. All pts were previously treated with local radiation and systemic chemotherapy.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ] }, { "id": "ref-dbac920963f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Recurrent Head and Neck Cancers Preliminary Results", "authors": "Mevio et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Tumori", "doi": "10.1177/030089161209800305", "pmid": "22825505", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Aims and background: Electrochemotherapy is a tumor ablation modality providing delivery into the cell interior of impermeant or poorly permeant chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin and bleomycin. A locally applied electrical field enhances the membrane permeability allowing intracellular accumulation of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e42d3197108f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "The role of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic head and neck cancer", "authors": "De Virgilio et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Tumori", "doi": "10.1177/030089161309900512", "pmid": "24362869", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "We would like to take the opportunity to comment on the paper by Mevio et al.1 in the May-June 2012 issue of Tumori titled “Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of recurrent head and neck cancers: preliminary results”. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel anticancer treatment whose efficacy in the head and neck area has yet to be proven. The first clinical trials were performed mainly on patients affected by recurrent tumors with palliative purposes or when there was a contraindication to surgical or radiochemotherapy treatment1-3. The study highlights the efficacy of ECT in the treatment of the primary tumor. In fact, the authors reported a 61.5% complete response rate and a 32.5% partial response rate and all responding cases involved primary tumors or recurrences at the primary site.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-75b4b2ab3402", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in head and neck cancer Our experience in 20 cases", "authors": "Rossi et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2013.07.071", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-1198b480d927", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in non-melanoma head and neck cancers a retrospective analysis of the treated cases", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.08.004", "pmid": "25183266", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy increases the permeability of tumours to drugs by electric voltages applied locally. Its value in tumours of the head and neck is unknown. We retrospectively reviewed a 2-centre database, and found 39 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity or oropharynx (n=12) or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e09cd7363b1e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "The value of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of peristomal tumors", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2013.11.013", "pmid": "24332582", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) holds promise as a minimally invasive palliative tool for selected patients with peristomal tumors. We present the favorable short-term outcome of three patients (two with head and neck cancer, one with gastric cancer) successfully palliated by ECT. Treatment effectiveness and clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3a3d44908523", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy - possible benefits and limitations to its use in the head and neck region", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Acta Otolaryngol", "doi": "10.3109/00016489.2014.947655", "pmid": "25496181", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Conclusion: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an efficacious treatment. It should, however, be used with some caution in the treatment of head and neck cancer. Objectives: To assess local tumor control, safety, survival, and functional outcome after treatment of cancer in the head and neck region with ECT. Methods: Four…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bc6fdd9b7c54", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "EURECA (European research on electrochemotherapy in head and neck cancer) project", "authors": "Bertino et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "http://isrctn.com/", "doi": "10.1186/isrctn78463063", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an effective and safe method for local treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours, where electric pulses cause increased permeability of cell membranes in the tumour mass, enabling dramatically enhanced effectiveness of bleomycin and other hydrophilic drugs. Here, we report results of a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-72684a6e707e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Coupling treatment planning with navigation system: a new technological approach in treatment of head and neck tumors by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Groselj et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925X-14-S3-S2", "pmid": "26355773", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy provides highly effective local treatment for a variety of tumors. In deep-seated tumors of the head and neck, due to complex anatomy of the region or inability to cover the whole tumor with standard electrodes, the use of long single needle electrodes is mandatory. In such cases, a treatment plan provides the information on the optimal configuration of the electrodes to adequately cover the tumor with electric field, while the accurate placement of the electrodes in the surgical room in patients can remain a problem. Therefore, during electrochemotherapy of two head and neck lymph-node metastases of squamous cell carcinoma origin, a navigation system for placement of electrodes was used. Patient and methods: Electrochemotherapy of two lymph-node metastases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, one in the left parotid gland and the other in the neck just behind the left mandibular angle, was performed using intravenous administration of bleomycin and long single needle electrodes. The tumors were treated according to the prepared treatment plan, and executed with the use of navigation system. Results: Coupling of treatment plan with the navigation system aided to an accurate placement of the electrodes. The navigation system helped the surgeon to identify the exact location of the tumors, and helped with the positioning of the long needle electrodes during their insertion, according to treatment plan. Five electrodes were inserted for each metastasis, one centrally in the tumor and four in the periphery of the tumor. Five weeks after electrochemotherapy, computed tomography images demonstrated partial response of the first metastasis and complete response of the second one. Six weeks after electrochemotherapy, fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimen obtained from the treated lesions revealed necrosis and inflammatory cells, without any viable tumor cells. Conclusion: We describe a new technological approach for electrochemotherapy of deep-seated head and neck tumors, coupling of the treatment planning with navigation system for accurate placement of the single long needle electrodes into and around the tumors, according to the treatment plan. Evidence of its effectiveness on two lymph-node metastases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma origin in neck lymph is provided.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6c79267c7fe4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma A case report", "authors": "Holdsworth et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "JPRAS Open", "doi": "10.1016/j.jpra.2015.06.001", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "A 65-year-old man presented with an uncontrolled Merkel cell carcinoma on his chest that originated from his forearm. He previously had an amputation at the shoulder joint, but his disease recurred around his amputated stump and chest despite aggressive surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Palliative treatment with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4a8decfc4de7", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Curative Electrochemotherapy in the Head and Neck Area", "authors": "Landström FJ", "year": 2015, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Fredrik Landström (2015): Curative Electrochemotherapy in the Head and Neck Area. Örebro Studies in Medicine 117. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local cancer treatment modality in which the local intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents is enhanced by a local electric field. The effect of ECT is caused by…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "Doktora tezi, Örebro Studies in Medicine 117", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-57233ddff87b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Long-term follow-up in patients treated with curative electrochemotherapy for cancer in the oral cavity and oropharynx", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Acta Otolaryngol", "doi": "10.3109/00016489.2015.1049663", "pmid": "26061895", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Conclusion: ECT can be a safe curative mono modality treatment, especially in tongue cancer. The future role for ECT in head and neck cancer needs to be further investigated. Introduction: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a cancer treatment modality that uses electroporation to increase the intracellular accumulation of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-35bf02e6cd13", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Current management approach to hidradenocarcinoma a comprehensive review of the literature", "authors": "Soni", "year": 2015, "journal": "Ecancermedicalscience", "doi": "10.3332/ecancer.2015.517", "pmid": "25815059", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Hidradenocarcinoma is a rare malignant adnexal tumour which arises from the intradermal duct of eccrine sweat glands. The head and neck are the most common sites of hidradenocarcinoma, but rarely it can occur on the extremities. As it is an aggressive tumour, regional lymph nodes and distant viscera are the most common sites of metastasis. Diagnosis is confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Hidradenocarcinoma should be differentiated from benign and malignant adnexal tumours. Being an aggressive and rare tumour, no uniform treatment guidelines have been documented so far for metastatic hidradenocarcinoma. Wide local excision is the mainstay of the treatment, but because of high local recurrence, radiotherapy in a dose of 50Gy-70Gy and/or 5-fluorouracil and capecitabine-based combination chemotherapy may be given to further improve local control. Other treatment strategies are targeted therapies like trastuzumab, EGFR inhibitors, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors, hormonal agents like antiandrogens, electrochemotherapy, or clinical trials.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-45ab179a33cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "European Research on Electrochemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (EURECA) project: Results of the treatment of skin cancer", "authors": "Bertino et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2016.05.001", "pmid": "27267144", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an effective and safe method for local treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours, where electric pulses cause increased permeability of cell membranes in the tumour mass, enabling dramatically enhanced effectiveness of bleomycin and other hydrophilic drugs. Here, we report results of a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-342a6c4b5317", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of mucosal head and neck tumors a systematic review", "authors": "Plaschke et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186X.2016.1207803", "pmid": "27705053", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy, the combination of electroporation and chemotherapy, is mainly used in the palliative setting for treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases; however, new applications are continuously being explored. Patients with head and neck cancer are primarily treated with surgery and/or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ef9f0925000c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Metastatic sebaceous cell carcinoma, review of the literature and use of electrochemotherapy as possible new treatment modality", "authors": "Ribero et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0039", "pmid": "27679547", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Metastatic extraorbital sebaceous carcinoma is a rare event that could involve the head and neck. The treatment of choice for the initial stage of the disease is surgery and/or radiotherapy. The treatment of recurrent or advanced disease is still controversial. Material and methods: Extensive literature…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-23297c6313e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer", "authors": "Benazzo et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_102", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "In the head and neck area, electrochemotherapy (ECT) is currently implemented for the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic cutaneous, subcutaneous, mucosal, or deep-seated tumors of any kind of histology. However, its particular efficiency in the treatment of small, primary, and treatment-naïve tumors has already…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3b3054043c7f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "The controversial role of electrochemotherapy in head and neck cancer a systematic review of the literature", "authors": "Lenzi et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol", "doi": "10.1007/s00405-017-4490-2", "pmid": "28236011", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, also known as electrochemotherapy, combines an antineoplastic agent with electroporation, causing localized progressive necrosis in the treated area. Today it is primarily used in the palliative treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases and has been found to be safe and efficacious in head…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b1d598f9c5b9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "European Research on Electrochemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (EURECA) project: Results from the treatment of mucosal cancers", "authors": "Plaschke et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2017.10.008", "pmid": "29156298", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Aim: Electrochemotherapy is an effective local treatment for cutaneous tumours and metastases. In this prospective trial, six European institutions investigated electrochemotherapy in recurrent, mucosal head and neck tumours. Patient and methods: Forty-three patients with recurrent mucosal head and neck tumours and no…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II", "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4ed49a96585a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Tumor reduction and symptom relief after electrochemotherapy in a patient with aggressive fibromatosis - a case report", "authors": "Vitfell-Rasmussen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186X.2017.1363406", "pmid": "28812409", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Aggressive fibromatosis also known as desmoid tumors constitute 3% of soft tissue tumors and 0.03% of all cancers [1]. They most commonly occur in women after childbirth and the gender ratio is 1.5...", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-090f756e17ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Patient reported outcomes in prospective cohort study of Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Al-Hadithy et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.02.040", "pmid": "29474886", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Metastatic spread of malignant tumours to skin is a well described phenomenon with incidence of approximately 0.7-9% of all metastases depending on histological type of primary cancer. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an efficient local tumour ablation modality that has proven clinical efficacy in the treatment of various…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9037365933d8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in head and neck cancer A review of an emerging cancer treatment (Review)", "authors": "De Virgilio et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Oncol Lett", "doi": "10.3892/ol.2018.9140", "pmid": "30127943", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Patients affected by aggressive neoplasms with a high propensity to metastasize to the skin, including some types of head and neck cancer, may benefit from electrochemotherapy, a modality that combines the electroporation of cell membranes and chemotherapy to facilitate the transport of non-permeant molecules into…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f77149d378f1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy a well-accepted palliative treatment by patients with head and neck tumours", "authors": "Pichi et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital", "doi": "10.14639/0392-100X-1262", "pmid": "29984793", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a well established treatment strategy for skin tumuors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of electrochemotherapy in the palliative setting in patients with head and neck malignancies, in terms of improvement of quality of life and in control of pain and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6fb49b0f9c6b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "The DAHANCA 32 study Electrochemotherapy for recurrent mucosal head and neck cancer", "authors": "Plaschke et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Head Neck", "doi": "10.1002/hed.25454", "pmid": "30552847", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is an established treatment for cutaneous tumors. This study aimed at determining efficacy of electrochemotherapy in recurrent head and neck cancer. Methods: Phase II clinical trial in patients with recurrent head and neck carcinomas with no curative treatment options…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-48631fc29678", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy palliation of an oral squamous cell carcinoma in an African hedgehog ( Atelerix albiventris )", "authors": "Salehi et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Vet Res Forum", "doi": "10.30466/vrf.2018.33109", "pmid": "30713619", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "A five-year-old female African hedgehog ( Atelerix albiventris ) was referred for a one month growing oral mass. The hedgehog was quiet, alert and responsive, with a 1.00 × 1.50 cm ulcerated lesion on the mandible. The patient was staged with total body radiographs, hematological and biochemical analyses and the mass…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-497239bfb97c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Skin Malignancies of Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Clinical Efficacy and Aesthetic Benefits", "authors": "Bonadies et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Acta Derm Venereol", "doi": "10.2340/00015555-3341", "pmid": "31612236", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Skin malignancies of the head and neck inflict significant structural, functional, and cosmetic burdens upon those affected. We retrospectively addressed electrochemotherapy anti-tumour efficacy in head and neck skin cancer patients who were not suitable for standard treatments. Scars' physical characteristics and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1abb43df891d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment in patients with advanced head and neck tumours: Outcome analysis in 93 patients treated in a single institution", "authors": "Longo et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Oral Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.03.016", "pmid": "31010628", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose: To describe outcomes of Electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment in patients with advanced head and neck (H&N) tumours. Methods: Ninety-three patients (120 treatment sessions) with H&N recurrent and/or metastatic neoplasm were treated. Treatment response was assessed 4 weeks after ECT with clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8582739a8b11", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Calcium electroporation for recurrent head and neck cancer A clinical phase I study", "authors": "Plaschke et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol", "doi": "10.1002/lio2.233", "pmid": "30828619", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Calcium electroporation is a novel cancer treatment, which combines temporary cell permeability from electroporation with a high influx of calcium intracellularly resulting in cancer cell necrosis. Methods: A phase I trial performing calcium electroporation on 6 patients suffering from recurrent head and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-39c48e901adc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and tumor xenografts", "authors": "Zakelj et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Oncol Rep", "doi": "10.3892/or.2019.6960", "pmid": "30628709", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an established local ablative method used for the treatment of different tumor types, including tumors of the head and neck area. Clinical studies have demonstrated a lower response rate of tumors that recur in pre‑irradiated area. The aim of the present study was to explore the response of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f883ad2d8187", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Boosting the Immune Response with the Combination of Electrochemotherapy and Immunotherapy: A New Weapon for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck?", "authors": "Longo et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12102781", "pmid": "32998297", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCCHN) are not rare malignancies and account for 7% of all solid tumors. Prognosis of SCCHN patients strongly depends on tumor extension, site of onset, and genetics. Advanced disease (recurrent/metastatic) is associated with poor prognosis, with a median overall survival of 13 months. In these patients, immunotherapy may represent an interesting option of treatment, given the good results reached by check-point inhibitors in clinical practice. Nevertheless, only a minor number of patients with advanced disease respond to immunotherapy, and, disease progressions/hyper-progressions are common. The latter could be a very difficult issue, especially in patients having a wide and highly symptomatic head/neck mass. Given the potentiality to boost the immune response of some local modalities, such as electrochemotherapy, a possible future approach may take into account the combination of electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy to treat patients affected by SCCHN, suffering from symptomatic lesions that need rapid debulking.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-75ac64815bfc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Response to Electrochemotherapy in a Patient With Advanced Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Pichi et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg", "doi": "10.1001/jamaoto.2020.2093", "pmid": "32815994", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Response to Electrochemotherapy in a Patient With Advanced Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Figure 1. Axial T1 With Gadolinium Sequence Magnetic Resonance Imaging Showing an Infiltrative Right Oropharyngeal Lesion Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a well-known treatment strategy for treating skin, breast, and melanoma tumors and advanced head and neck cancer. Electrochemotherapy consists of a combination of electroporation of the neoplasm and intravenous infusion of a chemotherapy agent. When an electric field is applied, the cellular membrane becomes more permeable, allowing the chemotherapeutic agent to enter the cell and increasing its efficacy. Report of a Case | During March 2019, a 61-year-old man with a 40 pack-year smoking history presented with dysphagia and drooling.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-a6295d398337", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the head and neck area an addition to the treatment armamentarium", "authors": "de Bree et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg", "doi": "10.1097/MOO.0000000000000609", "pmid": "32102006", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose of review: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is increasingly used in different settings in head and neck cancer patients when conventional treatment options are not available. Recent findings: Recent improvements of electroporation and ECT include new advanced electrode probes, the combination with intratumorally…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d359456f4cb8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Mitomycin C Potentiates Apoptosis Death by Inhibiting Autophagy in Squamous Carcinoma Cells", "authors": "Condello et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13153867", "pmid": "34359775", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We investigated the chemosensitizing effect of electroporation (EP), which, using electrical pulses, permeabilizes cancer cells to drugs. The study involved two human hypopharyngeal and tongue carcinoma cell lines. The surface and intracytoplasmic expression of P-gp were evaluated by flow cytometry, demonstrating that both lines were intrinsically resistant. After establishing the optimal dose of mitomycin C (MMC) to be used, in combination with EP, we showed, by both MTT assay and optical and electron scanning microscopy, the potentiating cytotoxic effect of EP with MMC compared to single treatments. Flow cytometry showed that the cytotoxicity of EP + MMC was due to the induction of apoptosis. In addition to verifying the release of cytochrome C in EP + MMC samples, we performed an expression analysis of caspase-3, caspase-9, Akt, pAkt, HMGB1, LC3I, LC3II, p62, Beclin1, and associated proteins with both apoptotic and autophagic phenomena. Our results were confirmed by two veterinary patients in whom the EP + MMC combination was used to control margins after the resection of corneal squamous carcinoma. In conclusion, we affirmed that the effect for which EP enhances MMC treatment is due to the inhibition of the autophagic process induced by the drug in favor of apoptosis.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0624788a995b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer Current Conditions and Future Directions", "authors": "Enokida et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13061418", "pmid": "33808884", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Despite recent advances in the development of chemotherapeutic drug, treatment for advanced cancer of the head and neck cancer (HNC) is still challenging. Options are limited by multiple factors, such as a prior history of irradiation to the tumor site as well as functional limitations. Against this background, electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new modality which combines administration of an antineoplastic agent with locally applied electric pulses. These pulses allow the chemotherapeutic drug to penetrate the intracellular space of the tumor cells and thereby increase its cytotoxicity. ECT has shown encouraging efficacy and a tolerable safety profile in many clinical studies, including in heavily pre-treated HNC patients, and is considered a promising strategy. Efforts to improve its efficacy and broaden its application are now ongoing. Moreover, the combination of ECT with recently developed novel therapies, including immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)s, has attracted attention for its potent theoretical rationale. More extensive, well-organized clinical studies and timely updating of consensus guidelines will bring this hopeful treatment to HNC patients under challenging situations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c7bf8a05b392", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "The Role of Electrochemotherapy in Curative Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer and Advanced Skin Cancer: A Need for New Treatment Protocols?", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.15194", "pmid": "34281861", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background/aim: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a cancer treatment modality where the efficacy of a chemotherapeutic agent is enhanced by an electrical field. It is an established palliative treatment for cutaneous metastases but its role in curative treatment remains mostly undetermined. Studies have previously reported…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-993e17e45a8c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a First Line Treatment in Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity and Oropharynx PDL-1 Negative and/or with Evident Contraindication to Immunotherapy: A Randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial", "authors": "Perri et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13092210", "pmid": "34064511", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: A significant proportion of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have advanced-stage disease (stages III to IVB) that do not respond to therapy despite aggressive, site-specific multimodality therapy. A great number of them will develop disease recurrence, with up to 60% risk of local failure and up to 30% risk of distant failure. Therapy can be very demanding for the patient especially when important anatomical structures are involved. For these reasons, therapies that preserve organ functionality in combination with effective local tumor control, like electrochemotherapy (ECT), are of great interest. Until few months ago, systemic cetuximab + platinum-based therapy + 5-fluorouracil represented the standard treatment for HNSCC relapses with a median overall survival of 10.1 months and an objective response rate of 36%. Recently the results of KEYNOTE-048 study were published and a new combination of monoclonal antibody named pembrolizumab and chemotherapy emerged as standard first line therapy of recurrent or metastatic tumor that overexpress tissue PDL-1 (Programmed Death 1 ligand). Nevertheless, a variable percentage from 10 to 15% of patients with recurrent/metastatic disease have a tumor that does not overexpress tissue PDL-1, and therefore, according to the results of the KEYNOTE-048 study, does not benefit from replacement of cetuximab with pembrolizumab. These patients will be treated with the \"gold standard\": cetuximab, cisplatin/carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Aim: To verify whether electrochemotherapy performed with bleomycin of HNSCC relapses of the oral cavity and oropharynx (single relapse on T) is able to lead to an increase in the objective response rate in comparison with the systemic treatment with cetuximab + platinum-based therapy + 5-fluorouracil in patients with PDL-1 negative tumors. Methods: The phase IIb study involves the enrolment of 96 patients who meet the inclusion criteria (48 in the control arm and 48 in the treatment arm). The control arm involves the treatment of HNSCC with systemic treatment (cetuximab + platinum-based therapy + 5-fluorouracil). The treatment arm involves the ECT with bleomycin. The primary objective is to verify the objective response rate of patients in the control arm compared to the treatment arm.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1b6a7a9a0f72", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Quality of Life in Electrochemotherapy for Cutaneous and Mucosal Head and Neck Tumors", "authors": "Riva et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm10194366", "pmid": "34640382", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: Primary or recurrent head and neck cancer of skin or mucosa represents a challenge for clinicians and could be debilitating for the patient. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) emerged as a local ablative procedure for cutaneous and mucosal head and neck tumors. The aim of this observational study was the evaluation of quality of life (QoL) after ECT in patients without other surgical or radiation options as curative treatment. Materials and methods: The procedure was performed according the ESOPE (European Standard Operating procedure of Electrochemotherapy) protocol. Twenty-seven patients were evaluated before ECT (T0) and 1 (T1), 3 (T2), and 6 (T3) months after the procedure. QoL was assessed by means of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-H&N35 questionnaires. Results: The objective tumor response rate was 48% (11% CR, 37% PR). Bleeding control was achieved in 7/7 patients who experienced bleeding prior to ECT. QoL improvement was observed after the procedure. In particular, global health status and social functioning were higher after ECT ( p 0.026 and 0.043), while pain, pain-killers use and appetite loss decreased ( p 0.045, 0.025 and 0.002). Conclusion: ECT represents a safe and effective treatment for skin and mucosal head and neck tumors without other curative options. It ensures a good pain and bleeding control without worsening of QoL.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e08796cb1ca5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "The role of electrochemotherapy with intratumoral bleomycin for early tongue carcinoma", "authors": "Zimmermann et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Acta Otolaryngol", "doi": "10.1080/00016489.2020.1871511", "pmid": "33591860", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: The role of electrochemotherapy (ECT) using intratumoral bleomycin and electroporation as a first line treatment for oral tongue carcinoma has not been defined. Aims/objectives: To evaluate the method of ECT in oral tongue carcinoma. Material and methods: Twenty-one successive patients with primary T1-T2…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e9588c9be01d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Treatment of skin tumors with intratumoral interleukin 12 gene electrotransfer in the head and neck region: a first-in-human clinical trial protocol", "authors": "Groselj", "year": 2022, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2022-0021", "pmid": "35535423", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Immune therapies are currently under intensive investigation providing in many cases excellent responses in different tumors. Other possible approach for immunotherapy is a targeted intratumoral delivery of interleukin 12 (IL-12), a cytokine with anti-tumor effectiveness. Due to its immunomodulatory…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9bfece86f55c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Combining superselective catheterization and electrochemotherapy: A new technological approach to the treatment of high-flow head and neck vascular malformations", "authors": "Krt et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.1025270", "pmid": "36523962", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The study aims to demonstrate a combination of superselective catheterization and electrochemotherapy as a feasible and effective new technological approach in treating high-flow vascular malformations of the head and neck region. Patients and methods: In the patient with high-flow arteriovenous malformation of the lower lip, superselective catheterization was performed under general anesthesia. The microcatheter was used to administer 750 IU BLM intra-arterially into the feeding vessel. The whole malformation surface was then covered with 15 applications of electric pulses using the plate electrode. Results: Excellent response, without functional or aesthetic deficits, was obtained in 10 weeks. During this period, debridement and necrectomy were performed regularly on follow-up visits. The pain was managed with oral paracetamol and sodium metamizole. Conclusion: Combining electrochemotherapy using bleomycin with superselective catheterization and arteriography is a feasible treatment option for high-flow vascular malformations in the head and neck region and could play a significant role in managing these challenging lesions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1b5c761500fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck tumours: features analysis for an early determination of the partial responsive patients", "authors": "Maglitto et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci", "doi": "10.26355/eurrev_202202_28128", "pmid": "35253191", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objective: The aim of this study was to identify features mainly involved in determining the partial response (PR) to the Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck (H&N) tumor; the identified features were also used in a decision chart in order to provide the clinician with a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6038b56164a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electroporation in Head-and-Neck Cancer: An Innovative Approach with Immunotherapy and Nanotechnology Combination", "authors": "Pisani et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14215363", "pmid": "36358782", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy that arises in the head-and-neck district. Traditional treatment could be insufficient in case of recurrent and/or metastatic cancers; for this reason, more selective and enhanced treatments are in evaluation in preclinical and clinical trials to increase in situ concentration of chemotherapy drugs promoting a selectively antineoplastic activity. Among all cancer treatment types (i.e., surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy), electroporation (EP) has emerged as a safe, less invasive, and effective approach for cancer treatment. Reversible EP, using an intensive electric stimulus (i.e., 1000 V/cm) applied for a short time (i.e., 100 μs), determines a localized electric field that temporarily permealizes the tumor cell membranes while maintaining high cell viability, promoting cytoplasm cell uptake of antineoplastic agents such as bleomycin and cisplatin (electrochemotherapy), calcium (Ca 2+ electroporation), siRNA and plasmid DNA (gene electroporation). The higher intracellular concentration of antineoplastic agents enhances the antineoplastic activity and promotes controlled tumor cell death (apoptosis). As secondary effects, localized EP (i) reduces the capillary blood flow in tumor tissue (\"vascular lock\"), lowering drug washout, and (ii) stimulates the immune system acting against cancer cells. After years of preclinical development, electrochemotherapy (ECT), in combination with bleomycin or cisplatin, is currently one of the most effective treatments used for cutaneous metastases and primary skin and mucosal cancers that are not amenable to surgery. To reach this clinical evidence, in vitro and in vivo models were preclinically developed for evaluating the efficacy and safety of ECT on different tumor cell lines and animal models to optimize dose and administration routes of drugs, duration, and intensity of the electric field. Improvements in reversible EP efficacy are under evaluation for HNSCC treatment, where the focus is on the development of a combination treatment between EP-enhanced nanotechnology and immunotherapy strategies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-feac6a42a5bf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combined In Vitro Toxicity and Immunogenicity of Cold Plasma and Pulsed Electric Fields", "authors": "Wolff et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines10123084", "pmid": "36551840", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In modern oncology, therapies are based on combining monotherapies to overcome treatment resistance and increase therapy precision. The application of microsecond-pulsed electric fields (PEF) is approved to enhance local chemotherapeutic drug uptake within combination electrochemotherapy regimens. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in anticancer effects, and cold physical plasma produces vast amounts of ROS, which have recently been shown to benefit head and neck cancer patients. PEF and cold plasma technology have been linked to immunogenic cell death (ICD) induction, a regulated cell death accompanied by sterile inflammation that promotes antitumor immunity. To this end, we investigated the combined effect of both treatments regarding their intracellular ROS accumulation, toxicity, ICD-related marker expression, and optimal exposure sequence in a leukemia model cell line. The combination treatment substantially increased ROS and intracellular glutathione levels, leading to additive cytotoxic effects accompanied by a significantly increased expression of ICD markers, such as the eat-me signal calreticulin (CRT). Preconditioned treatment with cold plasma followed by PEF exposure was the most potent treatment sequence. The results indicate additive effects of cold plasma and PEF, motivating further studies in skin and breast tumor models for the future improvement of ECT in such patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5a5a0c1288f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as an Effective Alternative in the Treatment of Local Advanced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of Treated Cases", "authors": "Barca et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Environ Res Public Health", "doi": "10.3390/ijerph20065170", "pmid": "36982078", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Advanced oral squamous cell carcinomas represent a major challenge for maxillofacial surgeons, oncologists and radiation therapists. They also account for a large share of healthcare costs. They respond little and/or poorly to conventional therapies (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy). Electrochemotherapy is a new method used as a palliative treatment in patients with advanced cancer of the neck/head region who are not eligible for standard therapies. It combines the use of cytotoxic drugs with the physical principle of electroporation; it effectively controls the tumour locally and preserves organ function. To date, ECT has been little used for oral mucosal tumours, as this is difficult to access for electrodes. We report six cases of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy. This study aims to assess the debulking effect of cancer via ECT in patients with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma. It also aims to assess the safety and tolerability of this treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-377bc7467862", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Synergy of electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of skin squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck", "authors": "Barca et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cases", "doi": "10.1016/j.omsc.2023.100330", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Treatment of advanced-stage head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons, oncologists, and radiotherapists. These carcinomas respond with difficulty to systemic therapy and most of them relapse. Electrochemotherapy combines the use of cytotoxic drugs and electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-209929e79cbb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Bleomycin Electrochemotherapy of Dermal Cylindroma as an Alternative Treatment in a Rare Adnexal Neoplasm: A Case Report and Literature Review", "authors": "Bonadies et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines11102667", "pmid": "37893041", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Brooke-Spiegler syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the continuous development of multiple benign skin appendage tumors. It is treated usually by repeated standard surgery. Here, we present a case study where electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin was used as an effective alternative approach in treating advanced dermal cylindromatosis of the head and neck in a patient with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. Patients and methods: A 45-year-old woman presented with multiple recurrent dermal cylindroma lesions on her scalp. Previous treatment consisted of several surgical excisions that resulted in psychological deterioration due to the formation of numerous scars and extensive alopecic areas. ECT was offered to provide tumor removal and disease control and to improve the patient's quality of life. Results: The treatment was well tolerated, and a significant reduction in neoplastic tissue was achieved. Importantly, scalp skin condition significantly improved, regaining a fair follicular density on the margins. Conclusion: This report suggests the feasibility of bleomycin ECT as a less invasive alternative option for controlling multiple scalp cylindroma lesions with cosmetically acceptable results, and improving quality of life.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b9a8b149fe6a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in treatment of mucosal head and neck tumors. An international network for sharing practices on ECT (InspECT) study group report", "authors": "Bertino et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108473", "pmid": "38870873", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of electrochemotherapy (ECT) for the treatment of mucosal tumors in the head and neck. A total of 71 patients with 84 nodules of different histologies in the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx treated by ECT were evaluated. The data were collected from the InspECT database from 10 participating centers throughout Europe. Primary and recurrent/secondary tumors of different histologies were treated. The overall response rate was 65 %, with a 33 % complete response rate with limited side effects. The response rates of the primary and secondary tumors were not different. However, smaller tumors responded better than tumors larger than 3 cm in diameter. Furthermore, the tumors that were treated with curative intent responded significantly better than those treated with palliative intent. This study demonstrated the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of ECT in a larger cohort of patients with mucosal lesions in the head and neck region. Based on the available data, ECT can be used for the treatment of recurrent and, in some cases, primary mucosal tumors located in the oral cavity, larynx, and pharynx. A better response was obtained in patients with smaller primary tumors treated with curative intent.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b528d90fee8f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as palliative care in patients with local or metastatic recurrence of head and neck cancer: review of state of the art", "authors": "Cariti et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital", "doi": "10.14639/0392-100X-suppl.1-44-2024-N2920", "pmid": "38745515", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Head and neck cancers are mostly represented by squamous cell carcinoma. Despite effective treatment of primary tumours, local recurrences and metastases are frequent, with up to a 60% risk of local and 30% of distant failure. Moreover, second primary tumours sometimes occur in these patients (2-3% per year)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e510005a873", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Intratumoral therapies in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and future perspectives", "authors": "Jiménez-Labaig et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancer Treat Rev", "doi": "10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102746", "pmid": "38696902", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents an ideal scenario for intratumoral therapies (IT), due to its local recurrence pattern and frequent superficial extension. IT therapies aim to effect tumor regression by directly injecting antineoplastic agents into lesions. However, there is a lack of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0ea020cc03ea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for head and neck cancers possibilities and limitations", "authors": "Morozas et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2024.1353800", "pmid": "38434679", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Head and neck cancer continues to be among the most prevalent types of cancer globally, yet it can be managed with appropriate treatment approaches. Presently, chemotherapy and radiotherapy stand as the primary treatment modalities for various groups and regions affected by head and neck cancer. Nonetheless, these treatments are linked to adverse side effects in patients. Moreover, due to tumor resistance to multiple drugs (both intrinsic and extrinsic) and radiotherapy, along with numerous other factors, recurrences or metastases often occur. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) emerges as a clinically proven alternative that offers high efficacy, localized effect, and diminished negative factors. Electrochemotherapy involves the treatment of solid tumors by combining a non-permeable cytotoxic drug, such as bleomycin, with a locally administered pulsed electric field (PEF). It is crucial to employ this method effectively by utilizing optimal PEF protocols and drugs at concentrations that do not possess inherent cytotoxic properties. This review emphasizes an examination of diverse clinical practices of ECT concerning head and neck cancer. It specifically delves into the treatment procedure, the choice of anti-cancer drugs, pre-treatment planning, PEF protocols, and electroporation electrodes as well as the efficacy of tumor response to the treatment and encountered obstacles. We have also highlighted the significance of assessing the spatial electric field distribution in both tumor and adjacent tissues prior to treatment as it plays a pivotal role in determining treatment success. Finally, we compare the ECT methodology to conventional treatments to highlight the potential for improvement and to facilitate popularization of the technique in the area of head and neck cancers where it is not widespread yet while it is not the case with other cancer types.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2f5664ca7be7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Survival behavior of patients treated with curative and palliative electrochemotherapy for oral and oropharyngeal cancer: a systematic review", "authors": "Chiari et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol", "doi": "10.1007/s00405-025-09843-6", "pmid": "41276658", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Objective: The primary objective of this review is to assess the survival outcomes of patients affected by oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT). Secondarily, the authors aim to quantify these outcomes according to treatment intent (curative versus…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a9b0de55d3c5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Innovative Use of Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for High-Flow Arteriovenous Malformations in the Head District: Preliminary Results of Two Cases", "authors": "Latini et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm14072516", "pmid": "40217965", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background : According to the ISSVA 2018 classification, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are high-flow vascular malformations, distinct from low-flow lesions. About 60% of extracranial AVMs occur in the head and neck, making their management a focus of maxillofacial surgery. Due to their complexity, precise diagnosis and careful treatment planning are crucial for optimal aesthetics and structural preservation. The standard approach combines embolization with surgical resection, though Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) has recently gained recognition. Methods : From July 2023 to December 2024, a total of 16 patients with vascular malformations were treated with bleomycin electrosclerotherapy at the Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS). Among them, two patients were affected by arteriovenous malformations. These two patients underwent this treatment to avoid more invasive and demolitive procedures, considering the anatomical region involved. Both patients had previously been treated at other hospitals, experiencing subsequent lesion recurrence. Preoperative evaluation included angiographic and ultrasound studies. The patients underwent electrosclerotherapy sessions and were closely monitored during follow-up. The uniqueness of this innovative approach lies in the use of fractionated doses of bleomycin for each treatment session, compared to the standard protocols described in the literature. Results : BEST has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of high-flow AVMs by delivering bleomycin into the interstitial tissue and subsequently applying electroporation so the drug's effects can be precisely localized and amplified. The macroscopically evident results, patient satisfaction, and, most importantly, the objective ultrasound flow data demonstrate the effectiveness of this treatment. Conclusions : Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) pose treatment challenges due to their variability and lack of standardized guidelines. This study explores electrosclerotherapy with bleomycin in two head and neck AVM cases, using fractionated doses to enhance safety and efficacy. The findings support its potential as a minimally invasive alternative, warranting further research on broader applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5fc8f1cb62d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "A Case Series on Electrochemotherapy Outcomes in Nine Head and Neck Cancer Patients, Focusing on", "authors": "Sampate et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "IJARS", "doi": "10.7860/ijars/2025/75592.3047", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Head and Neck Carcinomas (HNC) are a significant cancer burden in India and worldwide, often necessitating palliative care due to their locoregional relapse. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a combination of electroporation and chemotherapy, has shown promise in treating cutaneous tumours and addressing the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "titleTruncated": true, "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-36e56e0f22f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for Slow-Flow Malformations of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract", "authors": "Vielsmeier et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines13051055", "pmid": "40426883", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST), which combines intralesional bleomycin administration with electroporation, enhances drug uptake and has shown efficacy in treating vascular malformations resistant to conventional therapies. While BEST is increasingly used in various anatomical sites, its application in the upper aerodigestive tract remains underexplored. This study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of BEST in managing slow-flow vascular malformations of the oral cavity, tongue, larynx, and hypopharynx. Methods: In this retrospective, multicenter study, 20 patients with symptomatic slow-flow vascular malformations of the upper aerodigestive tract were treated with BEST. Clinical and radiological assessments were used to evaluate the treatment response, categorized as \"significantly reduced\", \"reduced\", \"stable disease\", or \"lesion growth\". Postprocedural complications and functional outcomes were systematically recorded. Results: A total of 29 BEST sessions were performed. Lesions of the tongue ( n = 8) and combined oral cavity and tongue ( n = 6) showed the highest response rates, with significant symptom reduction in five out of eight and five out of six patients, respectively. Among isolated oral cavity lesions ( n = 4), one out of four demonstrated a significant reduction. In contrast, laryngeal and hypopharyngeal lesions ( n = 2) had limited response, with one case showing partial reduction and the other remaining stable. Severe complications, including bleeding and dyspnea requiring tracheostomy, limited further treatment in these locations. No systemic adverse events, such as pulmonary toxicity, were observed. Conclusions: BEST is effective for treating vascular malformations of the upper aerodigestive tract, particularly in the tongue and oral cavity, but presents significant risks in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal lesions. A multidisciplinary approach is required to optimize treatment protocols for these challenging locations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a09c4f2b454b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Complete response of inoperable tonsillar follicular dendritic cell sarcoma treated with electrochemotherapy: First case report and literature review", "authors": "Chiari et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102889", "pmid": "42386079", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare neoplasm arising from follicular dendritic cells, with a predilection for extranodal sites. FDCS of the tonsil is exceptionally uncommon, and no standardized treatment exists for patients with locally advanced or inoperable disease, particularly when…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0bee923ed8e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrical Characterization of Tongue Tissue During Electroporation Ex Vivo and Computational Study", "authors": "Lopes et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.", "doi": "10.1109/TIM.2026.3652751", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP)–based cancer therapies, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE), require accurate characterization of tissue electrical properties to properly understand the applied electric field distribution and ensure effective treatment. This paper presents anex vivomeasurement and modeling framework for evaluating the electrical behavior of tongue tissue under pulsed electric fields. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to determine the natural conductivity of the tissue, while voltage–current (V–I) measurements during EP were combined with a realistic threedimensional finite element model to estimate the field-dependent conductivity from 10 V to 140 V. Results show an initial conductivity of 0.299 S/m and a 178% increase during electroporation. The conductivity increase leads to higher treatment currents. If the conductivity increase is not considered, currents can be underestimated by up to 40%. Understanding electroporation current is important for treatment feedback, treatment planning and engineering. The proposed measurement approach enables reproducible and quantitative estimation of tissue conductivity under non-uniform electric fields. The framework also includes a procedure for assessing measurement bias by statistically evaluating V-I measurements over sequential EP applications, ensuring reliability and supporting future uncertainty quantification.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4aca5be2f36a", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electroporation application in head and neck cancer", "authors": "Mahendra Prabu", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) is still considered a major global health problem because it usually presents itself with a high incidence of recurrence and associated disabilities [1]. Standard methods of treating the disease (surgical intervention, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) usually have their…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "Vilnius Universitesi yuksek lisans tezi", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d3f3ecd1c683", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Dynamic gamma camera studies of –bleomycin complex in normal and glioma bearing rats after in vivo electropermeabilization using exponential high-voltage pulses", "authors": "Engström et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics", "doi": "10.1016/S0302-4598(98)00141-X", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This study reports a non-invasive technique to continuously study the uptake and retention of radiopharmaceuticals after in vivo electropermeabilization in tumour bearing rats. A gamma camera was used for a dynamic visualisation of 111 In-labelled bleomycin in tumour and normal tissue in rats treated with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b71ff15f5d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Bleomycin treatment of brain tumors an evaluation", "authors": "Linnert et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/CAD.0b013e328325465e", "pmid": "19396014", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin has been used in the treatment of brain tumors for over 30 years. Currently, we are evaluating electrochemotherapy (the use of electric pulses to enhance uptake of bleomycin) for patients with secondary brain tumors. We, therefore, reviewed the literature with specific reference to the tolerability and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d90fc962b987", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Preclinical Validation of Electrochemotherapy as an Effective Treatment for Brain Tumors", "authors": "Agerholm-Larsen et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-0451", "pmid": "21507935", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy represents a strategy to enhance chemotherapeutic drug uptake by delivering electrical pulses which exceed the dielectric strength of the cell membrane, causing transient formation of structures that enhance permeabilization. Here we show that brain tumors in a rat model can be eliminated by…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-01945a08e605", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Primary and Secondary Brain Tumors", "authors": "Linnert et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Tumors of the Central Nervous system, Volume 3", "doi": "10.1007/978-94-007-1399-4_20", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "There is an increasing clinical challenge in the treatment of primary and secondary brain tumors, mostly because of a rise in the number of patients diagnosed with brain metastases and the limited treatment results with the standard treatments available today. A novel and promising treatment modality…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f42e34c6fd15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Multiple brain metastases - current management and perspectives for treatment with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Linnert et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-012-0042-y", "pmid": "23412694", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Due to the advanced oncological treatments of cancer, an overall increase in cancer incidence, and better diagnostic tools, the incidence of brain metastases is on the rise. This review addresses the current treatment options for patients with multiple brain metastases, presenting electrochemotherapy (ECT)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-edf8e3d3bb3a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Stimulation of electroporation-induced inward currents in glioblastoma cell lines by the heat shock protein inhibitor AUY922", "authors": "Chiang et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol", "doi": "10.1111/1440-1681.12273", "pmid": "24909268", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Membrane electroporation (MEP) increases the electrical conductivity of the plasma membrane by addition of an external electrical field. Combining MEP-induced current (IMEP ) with antineoplastic agents has been increasingly considered as a new therapeutic manoeuvre, especially in the treatment of malignant gliomas…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca969ee16d80", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Plasma membrane depolarization and permeabilization due to electric pulses in cell lines of different excitability", "authors": "Dermol-Černe et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.03.011", "pmid": "29621662", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In electroporation-based medical treatments, excitable tissues are treated, either intentionally (irreversible electroporation of brain cancer, gene electrotransfer or ablation of the heart muscle, gene electrotransfer of skeletal muscles), or unintentionally (excitable tissues near the target area). We investigated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6e16bab2a4e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Physicochemical factors that affect electroporation of lung cancer and normal cell lines", "authors": "Kim et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.119", "pmid": "31387747", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is used for cancer therapy to efficiently destroy cancer tissues by transferring anticancer drugs into cancer cells or by irreversible tumor ablation without resealing pores. There is growing interest in the electroporation method for the treatment of lung cancer, which has the highest mortality rate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9ca415a24a90", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "The application of point source electroporation and chemotherapy for the treatment of glioma: a randomized controlled rat study", "authors": "Sharabi et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-59152-7", "pmid": "32034261", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması" ], "abstract": "The prognosis of Glioblastoma Multiforme patients is poor despite aggressive therapy. Reasons include poor chemotherapy penetration across the blood-brain barrier and tumor infiltration into surrounding tissues. Here we studied the effects of combined point-source electroporation (EP) and systemic chemotherapy in glioma-bearing rats. 128 rats were studied. Treatment groups were administered systemic Cisplatin/Methotrexate before EP (either 90 or 180 pulses). Control groups were treated by EP, chemotherapy, or no treatment. Tumor volumes were determined by MRI. Tumors growth rates of the EP + Methotrexate group (1.02 ± 0.77) were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than the control (5.2 ± 1.0) 1-week post treatment. No significant difference was found compared to Methotrexate (1.7 ± 0.5). Objective response rates (ORR) were 40% and 57% for the Methotrexate and EP + Methotrexate groups respectively. Tumor growth rates and ORR of the EP + Cisplatin groups (90 pulses 0.98 ± 0.2, 57%, 180 pulses 1.2 ± 0.1, 33%) were significantly smaller than the control (6.4 ± 1.0, p < 0.01, p < 0.02, 0%) and Cisplatin (3.9 ± 1.0, p < 0.04, p < 0.05, 13%) groups. No significant differences were found between the control groups. Increased survival was found in the EP + Cisplatin group, Χ 2 = 7.54, p < 0.006 (Log Rank). Point-source EP with systemic chemotherapy is a rapid, minimal-invasive treatment that was found to induce significant antineoplastic effects in a rat glioma model.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-505a1c9e18b9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Effects of electroporation on anticancer activity of 5-FU and newly synthesized zinc(II) complex in chemotherapy-resistance human brain tumor cells", "authors": "Alkış et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Med Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12032-021-01579-7", "pmid": "34550481", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Zn(II) complex of Schiff base derived from the condensation of 4-aminopyrimidine-2(1H)-one with salicylaldehyde was prepared and characterized by various physico-chemical and spectral methods for structure determination. The cytotoxic activity of the Zn(II) complex was investigated in comparison with 5-fluorouracil…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e67a088e3f54", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electroporation-Based Therapy for Brain Tumors A Review", "authors": "Fang et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.4051184", "pmid": "33991087", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based therapy (EBT), as a high-voltage-pulse technology has been prevalent with favorable clinical outcomes in the treatment of various solid tumors. This review paper aims to promote the clinical translation of EBT for brain tumors. First, we briefly introduced the mechanism of pore formation in a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-339f29af80d9", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Utilizing the Immunomodulatory Effects of Electroporation for Treating Brain Tumors", "authors": "Alinezhadbalalami N", "year": 2022, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "Doktora tezi, Virginia Tech", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-78ff7c7b1d79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electroporation Enhances the Anticancer Effects of Novel Cu(II) and Fe(II) Complexes in Chemotherapy-Resistant Glioblastoma Cancer Cells", "authors": "Alkis et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Chem Biodivers", "doi": "10.1002/cbdv.202200710", "pmid": "36601965", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Schiff base ligand (L) was obtained by condensation reaction between 4-aminopyrimidin-2(1H)-one (cytosine) with 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The synthesized Schiff base was used for complexation with Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions used by a molar (2 : 1 mmol ration) in methanol solvent. The structural features of ligand, Cu(II)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fa4b76993306", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "A Flexible, Implantable, Bioelectronic Electroporation Device for Targeted Ablation of Seizure Foci in the Mouse Brain", "authors": "Matta", "year": 2024, "journal": "Sensors (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/s25010004", "pmid": "39796794", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "The primary method of treatment for patients suffering from drug-resistant focal-onset epilepsy is resective surgery, which adversely impacts neurocognitive function. Radio frequency (RF) ablation and laser ablation are the methods with the most promise, achieving seizure-free rates similar to resection but with less negative impact on neurocognitive function. However, there remains a number of concerns and open technical questions about these two methods of thermal ablation, with the primary ones: (1) heating; (2) hemorrhage and bleeding; and (3) poor directionality. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a proven method of focal ablation, which circumvents all three of the primary concerns regarding focal RF and laser ablation. Here, we demonstrate the in vivo application of a flexible implant with organic electrodes for focal ablation of epilepsy foci using high-frequency IRE (H-FIRE) in mice. Our results show that local, targeted ablation is possible in the close neighborhood of the electrode, paving the way for the clinical application in the treatment of focal epilepsy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8e7fc620e77e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Invasive properties of patient-derived glioblastoma cells after reversible electroporation in vitro", "authors": "Blazic et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0058", "pmid": "41401062", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation-based therapies are being explored in glioblastoma (GB) treatment, as means of enhancing drug delivery or achieving nonthermal ablation. Yet, little is known about how sublethal exposure affects the invasive behaviour of GB tumour cells. Materials and methods: Five patient-derived GB cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4c85eee2d6c8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a potential local treatment for residual MIBG-avid disease in refractory pediatric neuroblastoma: a case report", "authors": "Cassanelli et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "CVIR Oncol.", "doi": "10.1007/s44343-026-00032-8", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction Percutaneous ablation techniques are increasingly used in pediatric oncology, yet electrochemotherapy has not been widely explored in children. Case report We report a 7-year-old girl with refractory metastatic neuroblastoma and bulky retroperitoneal residual disease considered inoperable after multiple chemotherapy regimens. Electrochemotherapy with interstitial injection of cisplatin was performed to control the residual metaiodobenzylguanidine-avid (MIBG) component compressing major vascular structures. Conclusions In neuroblastoma patients with unresectable primary disease, percutaneous ablation strategies such as electrochemotherapy may offer a safe adjunct to standard oncological approaches. Importantly, in this case, durable local control of the MIBG-avid residual tumor was achieved. Complex patients should be managed by expert multidisciplinary boards, and innovative local control techniques should be integrated with surgery within multimodal treatment strategies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6eaf0cb21aaf", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cliniporator VITAE teknik ürün dokümanı", "authors": "IGEA S.p.A.", "year": null, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Teknik Doküman", "sourceNote": "Üretici teknik dokümanı", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Teknik Doküman", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-64ab2939688b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cliniporator Medical Electroporation of Tumors", "authors": "Bertacchini", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_214", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The development of the medical device Cliniporator™ started in 2000 with the homonymous European project, and, at its end, the prototype of the device was ready to be certified. The work done up to that moment has been used for a new European project called European Standard Operating Procedures for the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bbc001ee7c41", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "International Network for Sharing Practices on Electrochemotherapy (InspECT): An Integrative Patients Treatment Consortium", "authors": "Brizio et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_95", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "In this chapter we will present the International Network for Sharing Practices on Electrochemotherapy group, founded to answer the need of discussing issues and share experience on the use of the procedure, its history, and the objective for what it was established. Furthermore, on 2008 the online InspECT database…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-30ff0c6f0dbe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Study design of a medical device pre-market assessment a case study on electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Pirc et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "SlovMedJour", "doi": "10.6016/ZdravVestn.2482", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Final goal of the study is to estimate the cost-e ectiveness of electrochemotherapy for the tre- atment of basal-cell carcinoma and skin melanoma. Paper consists of two parts: the first part presents basic principles and concepts of health technology assessment and cost-e ectiveness analysis, and the second part…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f476a177f1da", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation-based treatments in minimally invasive percutaneous, laparoscopy and endoscopy procedures for treatment of deep-seated tumors", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci", "doi": "10.26355/eurrev_202105_25836", "pmid": "34002828", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) techniques, used alone (Irreversible Electroporation, IRE) or in combination with anti-cancer drugs (Electrochemotherapy, ECT), have been shown to be effective in the treatment of several types of cancers. The efficacy of ECT and IRE is well demonstrated for the treatment of non-superficial tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-72373a5c0cc3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Bleomycin-mediated electrochemotherapy of basal cell carcinoma", "authors": "Glass et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "J Am Acad Dermatol", "doi": "10.1016/S0190-9622(96)90838-5", "pmid": "8543699", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: A new technique, electroporation, enhances the antitumor effects of a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. When used in combination with conventional chemotherapy, the procedure is termed electrochemotherapy. Exposure of cancerous tissues to pulses of electricity during electrochemotherapy appears to increase cell membrane permeability and thus intracellular access to cytotoxic drugs. Electrochemotherapy has been shown to have potent antitumor activity in a variety of in vitro studies, animal tumor models, as well as in clinical trials with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of bleomycin-mediated electrochemotherapy on several basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) in two patients with nevoid BCC syndrome. Methods: Electrical pulses were delivered to tumor nodules by means of caliper electrodes after systemic doses of bleomycin were administered. Vital signs were closely monitored during application of the electrical pulses. Results: Partial responses were observed in tumors from both of the patients treated with electrochemotherapy; three partial responses were observed in one patient, and one partial response was observed in the other patient. Complete responses were seen in two lesions. Only minimal local or systemic side effects were noted in response to the therapy. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that documents the effects of bleomycin-mediated electrochemotherapy on BCC. Studies are ongoing with intralesional bleomycin during electrochemotherapy to see whether additional antitumour effects can be produced in patients with BCC by this route of administration.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5d88e728c380", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Phase I/II trial for the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors using electrochemotherapy", "authors": "R Heller, M Jaroszeski, L Glass, J Messina, D Rapaport, R DeConti", "year": 1996, "journal": "Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960301)77:5<964::aid-cncr24>3.0.co;2-0", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-4fff83bfa95d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effective Electroporation Therapy of Human Pancreatic Tumors Implanted in Nude Mice", "authors": "Dev et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Drug Deliv", "doi": "10.3109/10717549709052016", "pmid": "26582449", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation therapy (EPT), also known as electrochemo-therapy (ECT), of a poorly differentiated human pancreatic carcinoma (Panc-3) implanted subcutaneously in nude mice significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of bleomycin to tumor cells. A single treatment of intratumoral injection of bleomycin followed by 6 × 99…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ea810d362a01", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intralesional bleomycin-mediated electrochemotherapy in 20 patients with basal cell carcinoma", "authors": "Glass et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "J Am Acad Dermatol", "doi": "10.1016/s0190-9622(97)70178-6", "pmid": "9344200", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: A new anticancer therapy, electrochemotherapy (ECT), has been introduced that entails exposing cancerous tissues to short pulses of electricity during chemotherapy. This enhances cell membrane permeability and has been shown to have potent antitumor effects in vitro in animal models and in several clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f59180be7636", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors with electrochemotherapy using intralesional bleomycin", "authors": "R Heller, M Jaroszeski, D Reintgen, C Puleo, R DeConti, R Gilbert", "year": 1998, "journal": "Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19980701)83:1<148::aid-cncr20>3.0.co;2-w", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is performed by locally administering a chemotherapeutic agent in combination with electric pulses. Previous clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ECT. In these initial trials, the drug was administered intravenously, followed by administration of electric pulses directly to the tumor. This study was initiated to determine whether an intralesional injection of the drug in combination with electric pulses could provide an improved result. A group of 34 patients was studied. METHODS. The dose of intralesional bleomycin was based on tumor volume. This was followed 10 minutes later by 6 or 8 99-msec pulses of electricity at an amplitude of 1.3 kV/cm. Both the bleomycin and the electric pulses were administered after 1% lidocaine with ephinephrine solution was injected around the treatment site. RESULTS. All patients responded to the treatment.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-195722b58f56", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF METASTATIC SKIN LESIONS WITH ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY", "authors": "Kubota et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Journal of Urology", "doi": "10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62559-X", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "No AccessJournal of UrologyClinical Urology: Case Reports1 Oct 1998SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF METASTATIC SKIN LESIONS WITH ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY YOKO KUBOTA, LLUIS M. MIR, TERUHIRO NAKADA, ISOJI SASAGAWA, HITOSHI SUZUKI, and NATUMI AOYAMA YOKO KUBOTAYOKO KUBOTA , LLUIS M. MIRLLUIS M. MIR , TERUHIRO NAKADATERUHIRO NAKADA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5c65586ad577", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effective treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous malignant tumours by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/bjc.1998.388", "pmid": "9649155", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) enhances the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents by administering the drug in combination with short intense electric pulses. ECT is effective because electric pulses permeabilize tumour cell membranes and allow non-permeant drugs, such as bleomycin, to enter the cells. The aim of this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fda033e9b581", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in primary and metastatic skin tumors: phase II trial using intralesional bleomycin", "authors": "Rodríguez-Cuevas et al", "year": 2001, "journal": "Arch Med Res", "doi": "10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00278-8", "pmid": "11440782", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Surgery and/or radiotherapy are the elective therapies for most primary skin cancers. Nevertheless, some patients develop recurrences, and chemotherapy has resulted in poor complete responses. Permeabilization of the cell membrane by electric pulses allows bleomycin to enter into the cell, increasing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8cab6740062c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Reduced blood flow and oxygenation in SA-1 tumours after electrochemotherapy with cisplatin", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/sj.bjc.6600606", "pmid": "12434299", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an antitumour treatment that utilises locally delivered electric pulses to increase cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Besides increased drug delivery, application of electric pulses affects tumour blood flow. The aim of this study was to determine tumour blood flow modifying effects of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cf16ab410126", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Combination electro-gene therapy using herpes virus thymidine kinase and interleukin-12 expression plasmids is highly efficient against murine carcinomas in vivo", "authors": "Goto et al", "year": 2004, "journal": "Mol Ther", "doi": "10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.07.028", "pmid": "15509510", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "We report the use of plasmid DNA-mediated combination gene therapy for tumor-bearing mice using in vivo electroporation, also called electro-gene therapy (EGT), that resulted in uncomplicated and complete cures in more than 90% of the mice. Subcutaneously inoculated CT26 tumors in syngeneic BALB/c mice were subjected…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-218b0a5c47dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The course of tissue permeabilization studied on a mathematical model of a subcutaneous tumor in small animals", "authors": "Pavselj et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2005.851524", "pmid": "16119232", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "One of the ways to potentiate antitumor effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs is by local application of short intense electric pulses. This causes an increase of the cell membrane permeability and is called electropermeabilization. In order to study the course of tissue permeabilization of a subcutaneous tumor in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a9281e88d18", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy a novel approach to the treatment of metastatic nodules on the skin and subcutaneous tissues", "authors": "Giardino et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Biomed Pharmacother", "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2006.07.016", "pmid": "16930935", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new treatment for metastatic nodules of solid tumors on the skin or subcutaneous tissue. ECT is a combination of a physical effect, cell membrane poration, and cytotoxic drug administration. Cell membrane poration is achieved by applying short intense electric filed pulses. Pore…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f78fe03bc758", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Complete regression of established subcutaneous B16 murine melanoma tumors after delivery of an HIV-1 Vpr-expressing plasmid by in vivo electroporation", "authors": "McCray et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Mol Ther", "doi": "10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.06.010", "pmid": "16950655", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Novel therapies and delivery methods directed against malignancies such as melanoma, and particularly metastatic melanoma, are needed. The HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr (viral protein R) has previously been demonstrated to induce G2 cell cycle arrest as well as in vitro growth inhibition/killing of a number of tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4f903f93372d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "61 POSTER Electrochemotherapy. Initial experience in a surgical oncology unit in Spain and in a basic oncology unit in Nicaragua", "authors": "Muñoz Madero et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/S0748-7983(06)70496-6", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an unexpensive and effective therapy for local control of cancer. In our experience, it has shown to be effective against a variety of cancer types. In developing countries, electrochemotherapy can become a realistic alternative to the expensive and sometimes unavailable modern anticancer drugs…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-35c5679b22c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A High-Voltage Pulse Generation Instrument for Electrochemotherapy Method", "authors": "Tokmakçı", "year": 2006, "journal": "J Med Syst", "doi": "10.1007/s10916-005-7979-y", "pmid": "16848127", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new method that uses anticancer drugs delivery with intensive electrical pulses. Recently, ECT as the treatment method can be applied for basal cell and spin cell carcinoma and for melanoma metastases. In this paper, a new design of a high voltage pulse generator with variable output…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c0f069623bd2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Regression of High-Grade Malignancy in Mice by Bleomycin and Interleukin-12 Electrochemogenetherapy", "authors": "Torrero et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1514", "pmid": "16397050", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Bleomycin electrochemotherapy has been successfully used in preclinical studies and clinical trials for treating squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma; however, it is not effective for treating recurrent tumors or metastatic tumors, or for preventing tumor redevelopment. In this study, we explore…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3c4544c124f1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy: aspects of preclinical development and early clinical experience", "authors": "Larkin et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Ann Surg", "doi": "10.1097/01.sla.0000250419.36053.33", "pmid": "17435555", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: To develop an optimized, reproducible system of electrochemotherapy, and to investigate its clinical application in patients with cutaneous or subcutaneous recurrences of inoperable or progressive disease recalcitrant to current anticancer treatments. Background: Electrochemotherapy is the application of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8111da934317", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Mycosis fungoides by interferon-alpha", "authors": "Peycheva et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.10.006", "pmid": "17150416", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Eight patients with 29 lesions of histologically verified 1st stage of Mycosis fungoides were successfully treated by electrochemotherapy with interferon-alpha. For this purpose 8 biphasic pulses were used, each of 50+50 micros duration with 900 micros interpulse intervals, resulting in a burst of 7.1 ms total…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Controlled Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-61baa6936545", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Cost-effectiveness analysis of electrochemotherapy with the Cliniporatortrade mark vs other methods for the control and treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors", "authors": "Colombo", "year": 2008, "journal": "Ther Clin Risk Manag", "doi": "10.2147/tcrm.s2780", "pmid": "18728828", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Tumors of any histological origin can give rise to cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases during follow-up. This study aims to evaluate the costs and benefits of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with the Cliniporatortrade mark vs other currently used methods in the control and treatment of cutaneous and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-83be8b1c0c69", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Metastatic basal cell carcinoma with squamous differentiation: report of a case with response of cutaneous metastases to electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Fantini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Arch Dermatol", "doi": "10.1001/archderm.144.9.1186", "pmid": "18794464", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Metastatic basal cell carcinoma is a rare disease with poor prognosis. Palliative therapeutic approaches include surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy. These treatment modalities are invasive and risky and associated with relevant adverse effects. Electrochemotherapy is a recently described therapy that relies on the permeation of cancer cell membranes by electrical pulses to enhance cytotoxic drug penetration. It has been successfully used in the treatment of primary and metastatic skin cancers. We report a case of metastatic basal cell carcinoma in which electrochemotherapy was effective in inducing local regression of skin metastases. Observations: A 75-year-old man presented with a pigmented, deeply infiltrating nodule in the right axilla manifesting as basal cell carcinoma with squamous differentiation at histopathologic examination. Despite 2 wide surgical resections involving lymphadenectomy with axillary vein substitution and systemic chemotherapy, a progressive metastatic spreading, both cutaneous and visceral, occurred in the following 2 years. Three successive sessions of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin sulfate were then performed on isolated skin metastases. The treatment was well tolerated and led to a rapid clinical and histologic regression of the treated lesions. Conclusion Electrochemotherapy is an effective and well-tolerated adjunct to the therapeutic options in metastatic basal cell carcinoma, characterized by an advantageous risk-benefit ratio and minimal downtime.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e654ea428b41", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Age-dependent impairment of HIF-1alpha expression in diabetic mice: Correction with electroporation-facilitated gene therapy increases wound healing, angiogenesis, and circulating angiogenic cells", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "J Cell Physiol", "doi": "10.1002/jcp.21503", "pmid": "18506785", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Wound healing is impaired in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. We hypothesized that age-dependent impairment of cutaneous wound healing in db/db diabetic mice: (a) would correlate with reduced expression of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) as well as its downstream target…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-134e65f2577b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The effect of electroporation pulses on functioning of the heart", "authors": "Mali et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Med Biol Eng Comput", "doi": "10.1007/s11517-008-0346-7", "pmid": "18415132", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an effective antitumor treatment currently applied to cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. Electrochemotherapy of tumors located close to the heart could lead to adverse effects, especially if electroporation pulses were delivered within the vulnerable period of the heart or if they coincided with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4b03a5b58dfd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrode commutation sequence for honeycomb arrangement of electrodes in electrochemotherapy and corresponding electric field distribution", "authors": "Reberšek et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2008.03.001", "pmid": "18424240", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a treatment based on combination of chemotherapeutic drug and electroporation. It is used in clinics for treatment of solid tumours. For electrochemotherapy of larger tumours multiple needle electrodes were already suggested. We developed and tested electrode commutation circuit, which controls…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-88903b053fb8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Tumor destruction using electrochemotherapy followed by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide injection induces distant tumor responses", "authors": "Roux et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Immunother", "doi": "10.1007/s00262-008-0462-0", "pmid": "18259749", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective local therapy of human cutaneous cancers but has no effect on distant untreated tumors. We addressed whether tumor-associated antigens released after ECT could induce an efficient systemic immunity when associated with an appropriate immunoadjuvant. Methods and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bbee10718f23", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of tumours", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/1038", "pmid": "19229171", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a combined use of certain chemotherapeutic drugs and electric pulses applied to the treated tumour nodule. Local application of electric pulses to the tumour increases drug delivery into cells, specifically at the site of electric pulse application. Drug uptake by delivery of electric pulses is increased for only those chemotherapeutic drugs whose transport through the plasma membrane is impeded. Among many drugs that have been tested so far, bleomycin and cisplatin found their way from preclinical testing to clinical use. Clinical data collected within a number of clinical studies indicate that approximately 80% of the treated cutaneous and subcutaneous tumour nodules of different malignancies are in an objective response, from these, approximately 70% in complete response after a single application of electrochemotherapy. Usually only one treatment is needed, however, electrochemotherapy can be repeated several times every few weeks with equal effectiveness each time. The treatment results in an effective eradication of the treated nodules, with a good cosmetic effect without tissue scarring.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-e160ef6609", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:sersa", "yil-farki:1" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cf43988f12d8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Vascular disrupting action of electroporation and electrochemotherapy with bleomycin in murine sarcoma", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/sj.bjc.6604168", "pmid": "18182988", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumour cells, and presumably, a vascular disrupting effect. In this study, on the basis of the prediction of the mathematical model, histological evaluation and physiological measurements of the tumours were carried out to confirm that electroporation and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2da94057c50b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Antitumour effect of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin on human prostate cancer xenograft", "authors": "Ueki et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.07793.x", "pmid": "18549430", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To investigate the antitumour effect of electroporation (EP), a drug delivery system that has been shown to be effective synergistically with antitumour drugs, with bleomycin on the growth of prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice. Materials and methods: PC-3 cells were implanted subcutaneously into nude…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eeb0a726f4fa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Remission of Extensive Merkel Cell Carcinoma After Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Curatolo et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Arch Dermatol", "doi": "10.1001/archdermatol.2009.25", "pmid": "19380682", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "[No abstract available]", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-7c879dfdf4a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Nucleic Acids Electrotransfer-Based Gene Therapy (Electrogenetherapy) Past, Current, and Future", "authors": "Mir", "year": 2009, "journal": "Mol Biotechnol", "doi": "10.1007/s12033-009-9192-6", "pmid": "19562526", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "About 25 years after the publication of the first report on gene transfer in vitro in cultured cells by the means of electric pulses delivery, reversible cell electroporation for gene transfer and gene therapy (DNA electrotransfer) is at a cross in its development. Present knowledge on the effects of cell exposure to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8f040756a969", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "9330 Electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin in the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases: results of a prospective single centre trial", "authors": "Quaglino et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/S1359-6349(09)71974-3", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an emerging treatment modality for cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases from different tumour types; it combines electroporation with injection of a chemotherapic agent, resulting in an enhanced drug uptake by tumour cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical activity and tolerability of ECT with i.v. bleomycin and to prospectively analyse the response increase associated to repeated sessions, in a large series of cutaneous metastases treated at a single institution (n = 936). Patients and Methods: According to the ESOPE (European Standard Operating Procedures of Electrochemotherapy) guidelines, a total of 36 patients with cutaneous/subcutaneous metastases were enrolled: 27 suffered from melanoma, 6 from Kaposi’s sarcoma, 1 patient respectively from squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer and angiosarcoma. All patients were treated under general sedation with i.v. bleomycin using CliniporatorTM .", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-9c3858b07059", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in symptomatic melanoma skin metastases: intraindividual comparison with conventional surgery", "authors": "Kaehler et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Dermatol Surg", "doi": "10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01608.x", "pmid": "20533932", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6a7c9828dda9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of melanoma cutaneous metastases", "authors": "Kis et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Orv Hetil", "doi": "10.1556/OH.2010.28781", "pmid": "20061267", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: Electrochemotherapy is an effective treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases in patients with malignant melanoma. During the treatment, electric pulses are applied to tumor nodules to deliver non-permeating or poorly permeating chemotherapeutic agents into the cells thereby increasing local…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a67987397b88", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation Therapy of Skin Cancer in the Head and Neck Area", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Dermatol Surg", "doi": "10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01617.x", "pmid": "20666812", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation therapy is a new cancer treatment modality in which a locally applied electrical field enhances cell membrane permeability, allowing greater intracellular accumulation of a chemotherapeutic agent. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of electroporation therapy in treating basal cell and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8b96f04793cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy treatment of a recalcitrant earlobe keloid scar with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia infiltration", "authors": "Sainsbury et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.bjps.2010.05.008", "pmid": "20627836", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy, a tumour ablation modality, which facilitates intracellular delivery of poorly-permeable cytotoxic drugs, such as bleomycin, has shown promising results in the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous melanomatous and non-melanomatous metastases. We report the case of a 52-year-old Caucasian…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dd54324e3ba1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of mouse sarcoma tumors using electric pulse trains with repetition frequencies of 1 Hz and 5 kHz", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-010-9268-z", "pmid": "20607223", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an efficient local treatment of tumors that combines administration of a chemotherapeutic drug with the subsequent application of electric pulses to the tumor. Although no difference in clinical response of the treated tumors to the electrochemotherapy when using 1 Hz or 5 kHz repetition…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b4fa19e38493", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous tumor lesions a novel therapeutic approach", "authors": "Testori et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/j.1529-8019.2010.01370.x", "pmid": "21054709", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation uses pulsed, high-intensity electric fields to temporarily increase cell membrane permeability by creation of pores, through which small molecules, such as chemotherapeutic agents, can diffuse inside cells before they reseal. The combination of electroporation with the administration of otherwise…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-524bbf121901", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrodelivery of Drugs into Cancer Cells in the Presence of Poloxamer 188", "authors": "Tsoneva et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Biomed Biotechnol", "doi": "10.1155/2010/314213", "pmid": "20706647", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "In the present study it is shown that poloxamer 188, added before or immediately after an electrical pulse used for electroporation, decreases the number of dead cells and at the same time does not reduce the number of reversible electropores through which small molecules (cisplatin, bleomycin, or propidium iodide) can pass/diffuse. It was suggested that hydrophobic sections of poloxamer 188 molecules are incorporated into the edges of pores and that their hydrophilic parts act as brushy pore structures. The formation of brushy pores may reduce the expansion of pores and delay the irreversible electropermeability. Tumors were implanted subcutaneously in both flanks of nude mice using HeLa cells, transfected with genes for red fluorescent protein and luciferase. The volume of tumors stopped to grow after electrochemotherapy and the use of poloxamer 188 reduced the edema near the electrode and around the subcutaneously growing tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-61bc0299fa61", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in treatment of a recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp", "authors": "Marenco et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Eur J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1684/ejd.2011.1334", "pmid": "21616753", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has recently emerged as a treatment for cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions from different malignancies, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with curative or palliative intent It combines the delivery of electric pulses into the lesions with the effect of anticancer drugs such as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-73f3ec101d61", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Metastatic eccrine porocarcinoma report of a case and review of the literature", "authors": "Marone et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "World J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1186/1477-7819-9-32", "pmid": "21410982", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) is a rare type of skin cancer arising from the intraepidermal portion of eccrine sweat glands or acrosyringium, representing 0.005-0.01% of all cutaneous tumors. About 20% of EPC will recur and about 20% will metastasize to regional lymph nodes. There is a mortality rate of 67% in patients with lymph node metastases. Although rare, the occurrence of distant metastases has been reported.We report a case of patient with EPC of the left arm, with axillary nodal involvement and subsequent local relapse, treated by complete lymph node dissection and electrochemotherapy (ECT).EPC is an unusual tumor to diagnose. Neither chemotherapy nor radiation therapy has been proven to be of clinical benefit in treating metastatic disease. Although in the current case the short follow-up period is a limitation, we consider in the management of EPC a therapeutic approach involving surgery and ECT, because of its aggressive potential for loregional metastatic spread.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bb1aab03a0ac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Management of cutaneous metastases using electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Matthiessen et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.3109/0284186x.2011.573626", "pmid": "21574833", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous metastases may cause considerable discomfort as a consequence of ulceration, oozing, bleeding and pain. Electrochemotherapy has proven to be highly effective in the treatment of cutaneous metastases. Electrochemotherapy utilises pulses of electricity to increase the permeability of the cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6cfd9231ea98", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for treatment of skin and soft tissue tumours. Update and definition of its role in multimodal therapy", "authors": "Muñoz Madero et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Clin Transl Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12094-011-0612-2", "pmid": "21239351", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a therapeutical procedure based on the induction of cell membrane electroporation, by cell exposure to electric fields lasting a few microseconds, combined with the local or systemic administration of cytotoxic drugs, with an intracellular target and high intrinsic efficacy, but poor cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-00c6be2848ac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Elektrochemotherapie von Hauttumoren", "authors": "Reinhold", "year": 2011, "journal": "Hautarzt", "doi": "10.1007/s00105-011-2162-5", "pmid": "21544693", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy represents a new innovative technology using a combination of electroporation and application of very low dose cytotoxic drugs for the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous skin tumors and metastases. Based on a high number of preclinical and clinical studies this procedure has been established…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b680472bf924", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Efficacy of electrochemotherapy in ulcerated basal cell carcinoma", "authors": "Richetta et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Clin Ter", "doi": null, "pmid": "22041802", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Basal cell carcinoma is the most common cutaneous malignant tumor, accounting for up to 80% of non melanoma skin cancers. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been for long time the main options for its treatment. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel local treatment successfully used in primary skin tumors. We…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f8a29ed220f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of solid tumors — Preclinical and clinical experience", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc", "doi": "10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6090165", "pmid": "22254413", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy consists of administration of the chemotherapeutic drug followed by application of electric pulses to the tumor, in order to facilitate the drug uptake into the cells. Only two chemotherapeutics are currently used in electrochemotherapy, bleomycin and cisplatin, which both have hampered transport…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3f156567fd03", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Evaluation of Cisplatin as an electrochemotherapy agent for the treatment of incompletely excised mast cell tumors in dogs", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Vet Intern Med", "doi": "10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0678.x", "pmid": "21382075", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) couples the administration of anticancer drugs with the delivery of electric pulses that increase the drug uptake through the cell membranes, resulting in an improved efficacy. Hypothesis: To evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of cisplatin (CDDP) as an ECT agent to prevent…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fd21cd04e15e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Halting angiogenesis by non-viral somatic gene therapy alleviates psoriasis and murine psoriasiform skin lesions", "authors": "Zibert et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Clin Invest", "doi": "10.1172/JCI41295", "pmid": "21135506", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Dysregulated angiogenesis is a hallmark of chronic inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis, a common skin disorder that affects approximately 2% of the population. Studying both human psoriasis in 2 complementary xenotransplantation models and psoriasis-like skin lesions in transgenic mice with epidermal expression…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2ed3dad8d15b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Successful treatment of multiple basaliomas with bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy: a case series of three patients with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome", "authors": "Kis et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Acta Derm Venereol", "doi": "10.2340/00015555-1361", "pmid": "22565566", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease, characterized by numerous basal cell carcinomas. The ideal approach for patients with the syndrome would be a treatment with a high cure rate, minimal scarring, short healing time and mild side-effects. Electrochemo-therapy is a novel therapeutic option that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b333f17b24a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Differential cellular effects of electroporation and electrochemotherapy in monolayers of human microvascular endothelial cells", "authors": "Meulenberg et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0052713", "pmid": "23300747", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "In vivo electroporation of tumours shows disruption of blood flow and creates a vascular effect with an initial rapid and transient vasoconstriction phase and a much longer lasting phase with changed microvascular endothelium. These changes are not well understood but are presumed to involve the cytoskeleton. The paper presents for the first time differential in vitro effects describing cytoskeleton changes and monolayer integrity changes by both electroporation and electrochemotherapy of monolayers of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). After the application of electric field pulses, the morphology of cells, and both the F-actin and Beta-tubulin cytoskeleton proteins were affected. During both electroporation and electrochemotherapy, the initial phase of cellular damage was noticed at 10 min as swollen cells and honeycomb-like actin bundles. The electroporation-induced cellular effects, observed from electric pulses >150 V, were voltage-dependent and within 24 hrs partly recoverable. The electrochemotherapy-induced cellular effects developed at 2 hrs in spindle-like cells, and more densely packed F-actin and Beta-tubulin were observed, which were dependent on the amount of bleomycin and the voltages applied (>50 V). In addition, for electrochemotherapy with electric pulses >150 V cellular changes were not recoverable within 24 hrs. The effects on monolayer integrity were reflected in the enhanced monolayer permeability, with the electrochemotherapy showing an earlier onset and synergy. We conclude that electrochemotherapy as compared to electroporation leads within 24 hrs to a quicker and more pronounced monolayer integrity damage and endothelial cell death, which together provide further insight into the cellular changes of the vascular disruption of electrochemotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c9fb7c9505e0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Nanoelectroablation therapy for murine basal cell carcinoma", "authors": "Nuccitelli et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.06.129", "pmid": "22771794", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "When skin tumors are exposed to non-thermal, low energy, nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF), apoptosis is initiated both in vitro and in vivo. This nanoelectroablation therapy has already been proven effective in treating subdermal murine allograft tumors. We wanted to determine if this therapy would be equally…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-62f221abec57", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for cutaneous metastases: The IRCCS San Martino Hospital and National Cancer Research Institute of Genoa's experience", "authors": "Solari et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2012.07.089", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a new palliative treatment for cutaneous metastases, involves the delivery of electrical pulses to lesions several minutes after intravenous or intratumor injection of a chemotherapeutic agent (bleomycin or cisplatin) to facilitate intracellular drug delivery. The local effect of bleomycin is increased by more than 1000fold. ECT uses low doses of systemic chemotherapeutic agents: it is very specific for tumor cells and spares the surrounding normal tissue, with an excellent safety profile. Methods: Thirty-seven patients underwent ECT with palliative intent for cutaneous metastases from melanoma, breast cancer carcinoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, basal and squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma and cutaneous angiosarcoma. Metastases were located in the trunk, limbs and head and neck areas. The patients were grouped according to whether the metastases were <2 cm (15 patients) or >2 cm (22 patients).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-fc1b97559268", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Synergistic effects of nanosecond pulsed electric fields combined with low concentration of gemcitabine on human oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0043213", "pmid": "22927951", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Treatment of cancer often involves uses of multiple therapeutic strategies with different mechanisms of action. In this study we investigated combinations of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) with low concentrations of gemcitabine on human oral cancer cells. Cells (Cal-27) were treated with pulse parameters (20 pulses, 100 ns in duration, intensities of 10, 30 and 60 kV/cm) and then cultured in medium with 0.01 µg/ml gemcitabine. Proliferation, apoptosis/necrosis, invasion and morphology of those cells were examined using MTT, flow cytometry, clonogenics, transwell migration and TEM assay. Results show that combination treatments of gemcitabine and nsPEFs exhibited significant synergistic activities versus individual treatments for inhibiting oral cancer cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis and necrosis. However, there was no apparent synergism for cell invasion. By this we demonstrated synergistic inhibition of Cal-27 cells in vitro by nsPEFs and gemcitabine. Synergistic behavior indicates that these two treatments have different sites of action and combination treatment allows reduced doses of gemcitabine and lower nsPEF conditions, which may provide better treatment for patients than either treatment alone while reducing systemic toxicities.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ac821fe46371", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Cutaneous papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma therapy utilizing nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF)", "authors": "Yin et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0043891", "pmid": "22937117", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) induce apoptotic pathways in human cancer cells. The potential therapeutic effective of nsPEF has been reported in cell lines and in xenograft animal tumor model. The present study investigated the ability of nsPEF to cause cancer cell death in vivo using carcinogen-induced animal tumor model, and the pulse duration of nsPEF was only 7 and 14 nano second (ns). An nsPEF generator as a prototype medical device was used in our studies, which is capable of delivering 7-30 nanosecond pulses at various programmable amplitudes and frequencies. Seven cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and five other types of cancer cell lines were used to detect the effect of nsPEF in vitro. Rate of cell death in these 12 different cancer cell lines was dependent on nsPEF voltage and pulse number. To examine the effect of nsPEF in vivo, carcinogen-induced cutaneous papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas in mice were exposed to nsPEF with three pulse numbers (50, 200, and 400 pulses), two nominal electric fields (40 KV/cm and 31 KV/cm), and two pulse durations (7 ns and 14 ns). Carcinogen-induced cutaneous papillomas and squamous carcinomas were eliminated efficiently using one treatment of nsPEF with 14 ns duration pulses (33/39 = 85%), and all remaining lesions were eliminated after a 2nd treatment (6/39 = 15%). 13.5% of carcinogen-induced tumors (5 of 37) were eliminated using 7 ns duration pulses after one treatment of nsPEF. Associated with tumor lysis, expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xl and Bcl-2 were markedly reduced and apoptosis increased (TUNEL assay) after nsPEF treatment. nsPEF efficiently causes cell death in vitro and removes papillomas and squamous cell carcinoma in vivo from skin of mice. nsPEF has the therapeutic potential to remove human squamous carcinoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-83eea2910d8f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation of bone cancer numerical evaluation of the electric field in treated tissues", "authors": "Bisceglia et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering", "doi": "10.1108/COMPEL-11-2012-0305", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose – Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an outstanding technique for treatment of tumor nodules which is currently used for treatment of skin metastases, and now it is being developed for treatment of internal organs such as, bone, liver, etc. In this work the authors' goal was finding a simple and proper needles…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca64a3c82ac4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Minimally invasive treatment of peristomal metastases from gastric cancer at an ileostomy site by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2013-0051", "pmid": "24294182", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Peristomal metastases are rare, but potentially associated with relevant morbidity. Surgical resection, followed by stoma relocation, represent the gold standard in most patients. We describe electrochemotherapy (ECT), a minimally invasive method for locally-enhancing drug delivery by means of electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-32d7ca39f367", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Desmoplastic melanoma on the nose: electrochemotherapy as an alternative treatment to local advanced disease", "authors": "Carrera et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.12115", "pmid": "23506474", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Desmoplastic malignant melanoma (DMM) is a rare and usually misdiagnosed type of melanoma. Delayed detection at complicated anatomical locations can lead to the necessity of alternative therapies. Objective: Characterization of DMM on the nose, which is the second more frequent type of MM. Methods: Review…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-29a9593297b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Malignant wound management in advanced illness: new insights", "authors": "Grocott et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Curr Opin Support Palliat Care", "doi": "10.1097/SPC.0b013e32835c0482", "pmid": "23254858", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose of review: This article describes why this review is timely and relevant. To report on the recent research, which advances our understanding and practice of palliative wound care (wound-related pain and symptom management or wound palliation). Recent findings: This article describes the main themes in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b54638bb174a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Topical gene electrotransfer to the epidermis of hairless guinea pig by non-invasive multielectrode array", "authors": "Guo", "year": 2013, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0073423", "pmid": "24015305", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Topical gene delivery to the epidermis has the potential to be an effective therapy for skin disorders, cutaneous cancers, vaccinations and systemic metabolic diseases. Previously, we reported on a non-invasive multielectrode array (MEA) that efficiently delivered plasmid DNA and enhanced expression to the skin of several animal models by in vivo gene electrotransfer. Here, we characterized plasmid DNA delivery with the MEA in a hairless guinea pig model, which has a similar histology and structure to human skin. Significant elevation of gene expression up to 4 logs was achieved with intradermal DNA administration followed by topical non-invasive skin gene electrotransfer. This delivery produced gene expression in the skin of hairless guinea pig up to 12 to 15 days. Gene expression was observed exclusively in the epidermis. Skin gene electrotransfer with the MEA resulted in only minimal and mild skin changes. A low level of human Factor IX was detected in the plasma of hairless guinea pig after gene electrotransfer with the MEA, although a significant increase of Factor IX was obtained in the skin of animals. These results suggest gene electrotransfer with the MEA can be a safe, efficient, non-invasive skin delivery method for skin disorders, vaccinations and potential systemic diseases where low levels of gene products are sufficient.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-62bc50817875", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Under Tumescent Local Anesthesia for the Treatment of Cutaneous Metastases", "authors": "Kendler et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Dermatol Surg", "doi": "10.1111/dsu.12190", "pmid": "23464631", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: The surgical management of cutaneous metastasis (CM) is challenging, particularly in elderly patients, in whom general anesthesia can be difficult because of comorbidity. Objectives: To test the effectiveness of tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) to achieve adequate anesthesia during the treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7189d178cab0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars with Bleomycin and Electroporation", "authors": "Manca et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Plast Reconstr Surg", "doi": "10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182a053c8", "pmid": "24076710", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are the result of abnormal healing responses and dermal tissue proliferation; current surgical procedures can give rise to exuberant scarring and permanent functional loss or disfigurement. Considering the promising results reported when treating keloids and hypertrophic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-525c9af2d712", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a new therapeutic strategy in advanced Merkel cell carcinoma of head and neck region", "authors": "Scelsi et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2013-0059", "pmid": "24294181", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive tumour, arising from a cutaneous mechanoceptor cell located in the basal layer of epidermis, with poor prognosis. The treatment of choice for the initial stage of the disease is surgery and/or radiotherapy. The treatment of recurrent or advanced disease…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-62997ecb1a2f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin injection: an observational study in superficial squamous cell carcinoma in cats", "authors": "Tozon et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Feline Med Surg", "doi": "10.1177/1098612X13507071", "pmid": "24127456", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin for treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in cats. Between March 2008 and October 2011, 11 cats with 17 superficial SCC nodules in different clinical stages (ranging from Tis to T4), located on nasal planum…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e55f4d0ead19", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effective treatment of recurrent, advanced dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Wiater et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Eur J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1684/ejd.2013.1992", "pmid": "23567663", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-23f6e42db5e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Dual time point imaging fluorine-18 flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for evaluation of large loco-regional recurrences of breast cancer treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Wichmann Matthiessen et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2013-0054", "pmid": "24294180", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is a local anticancer treatment very efficient for treatment of small cutaneous metastases. The method is now being investigated for large cutaneous recurrences of breast cancer that are often confluent masses of malignant tumour with various degrees of inflammation. To this end…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8f0351d4f6ae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF FIBROPAPILLOMAS INCHELONIA MYDAS", "authors": "Brunner et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Zoo Wildl Med", "doi": "10.1638/2010-0125.1", "pmid": "25000680", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Fibropapillomatosis continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in sea turtles, particularly in Chelonia mydas. Turtles with this debilitating herpesvirus disease usually present with multiple, large, and ulcerated cutaneous masses that compromise both locomotion and feeding. There are very few…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-385985bcf823", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A protective effect after clearance of orthotopic rat hepatocellular carcinoma by nanosecond pulsed electric fields", "authors": "Chen et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2014.07.006", "pmid": "25081978", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Strategies for treating liver cancer using radiation, chemotherapy combinations and tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting specific mutations have provided longer survival times, yet multiple treatments are often needed and recurrences with new malignant phenotypes are not uncommon. New and innovative treatments are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1637b7fc460f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraoperative electrochemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases", "authors": "Edhemovic et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.23625", "pmid": "24782355", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Electrochemotherapy is effective in treatment of various cutaneous tumors and could be translated into treatment of deep-seated tumors. With this aim a prospective pilot study was conducted to evaluate feasibility, safety, and efficacy of intraoperative electrochemotherapy in the treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8b6cd4c5ca5a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a novel treatment for primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas", "authors": "Gatti et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/dth.12128", "pmid": "24754311", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "In the present study, we describe the use of electrochemotherapy as alternative therapy for primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas in patients unsuitable for surgery or radiotherapy. Our experience refers to three patients with primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas related to Borrelia burgdorferi…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b4b2555c699", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Use of electrochemotherapy in a case of neck skin metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: case report and considerations", "authors": "Macri et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Head Neck", "doi": "10.1002/hed.23552", "pmid": "24214408", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common oral cavity malignant tumor. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have been the major options for its treatment. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel local treatment successfully used in secondary or primary skin or subcutaneous tumors. This new cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-adfcc71f8c54", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the management of melanoma skin metastasis: a review of the literature and possible combinations with immunotherapy", "authors": "Queirolo et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Arch Dermatol Res", "doi": "10.1007/s00403-014-1462-x", "pmid": "24682537", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Despite surgical treatment of primary tumor, about 5-10 % of melanoma patients will eventually suffer from cutaneous or subcutaneous metastasis. The presence of skin metastases decreases patients' quality of life. Their management is a challenge and depends on several variables such as size and number of the lesions…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2f052a7a3905", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of ocular basal cell carcinoma; a novel adjunct in the disease management", "authors": "Salwa et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.bjps.2013.07.019", "pmid": "23916385", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) affecting the ocular region is potentially problematic due to its ability to infiltrate aesthetic and functional structures. Due to the paucity of local tissue, resection frequently requires reconstruction with skin grafts or local flaps. Surgical treatment may not be suitable for patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a750d6847024", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Efficacy of Skin-Directed Therapy for Cutaneous Metastases From Advanced Cancer A Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Spratt et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1200/jco.2014.55.4634", "pmid": "25154827", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose: To perform the first meta-analysis of the efficacy of skin-directed therapies for cutaneous metastases. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for reports of prospective clinical studies published between 1960 and 2013 that assessed the response of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1f8a36f3b3c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for a locally advanced basal cell carcinoma on the forehead", "authors": "di Meo et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol", "doi": "10.4103/0378-6323.136989", "pmid": "25035382", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "No post-operative complications such as scar contracture, graft failure or relapse of disease were encountered. With regard to hemostasis, high flow vessels greater than 500 m are likely to bleed after carbon dioxide laser whereas without blood flow, vessels up to 2 mm have been coagulated. [3] An additional advantage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8d3bbc027749", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in combination with chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of oral carcinomas in advanced stages of disease: efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes in a small number of selected cases", "authors": "Allegra et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Drug Des Devel Ther", "doi": "10.2147/dddt.s75752", "pmid": "25733822", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new therapeutic method that is used in oncology as palliative treatment in patients with recurrent head and neck tumors and who are not candidates for standard therapeutic options. The aim of our study was to evaluate the cytoreductive effect of ECT in patients subjected to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-64e961d8f2f6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Safe and effective treatment of spontaneous neoplasms with interleukin 12 electro‐chemo‐gene therapy", "authors": "Cutrera et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Cell Mol Med", "doi": "10.1111/jcmm.12382", "pmid": "25628149", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation improves the anti-tumour efficacy of chemotherapeutic and gene therapies. Combining electroporation-mediated chemotherapeutics with interleukin 12 (IL-12) plasmid DNA produces a strong yet safe anti-tumour effect for treating primary and refractory tumours. A previously published report demonstrated the efficacy of a single cycle of IL-12 plasmid DNA and bleomycin in canines, and, similarly, this study further demonstrates the safety and efficacy of repeated cycles of chemotherapy plus IL-12 gene therapy for long-term management of aggressive tumours. Thirteen canine patients were enrolled in this study and received multiple cycles of electro-chemo-gene therapy (ECGT) with IL-12 pDNA and either bleomycin or gemcitabine. ECGT treatments are very effective for inducing tumour regression via an antitumour immune response in all tested histotypes except for sarcomas, and these treatments can quickly eradicate or debulk large squamous cell carcinomas. The versatility of ECGT allows for response-based modifications which can overcome treatment resistance for affecting refractory lesions. Importantly, not a single severe adverse event was noted even in animals receiving the highest doses of chemotherapeutics and IL12 pDNA over multiple treatment cycles. This report highlights the safety, efficacy and versatility of this treatment strategy. The data reveal the importance of inducing a strong anti-tumour response for successfully affecting not only the treated tumours, but also non-treated metastatic tumours. ECGT with IL12 pDNA plus chemotherapy is an effective strategy for treating multiple types of spontaneous cancers including large, refractory and multiple tumour burdens.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2c96c8095426", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy, a potential new treatment for the management of squamous cell carcinoma in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: report of three cases", "authors": "Diociaiuti et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.13116", "pmid": "25758658", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-d304028b028f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in advanced skin tumors and cutaneous metastases - a retrospective multicenter analysis", "authors": "Kreuter et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.12583", "pmid": "25819239", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Once classic treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy have been exhausted, only few therapeutic options remain for extensive skin tumors or cutaneous metastases. In such cases, electrochemotherapy may be considered as alternative therapy. Patients and methods: In this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8b15c76b0295", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Surgery and electrochemotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a yellow-bellied slider (Trachemys scripta scripta)", "authors": "Lanza et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Am Vet Med Assoc", "doi": "10.2460/javma.246.4.455", "pmid": "25632821", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Case description: A 5-year-old female yellow-bellied slider (Trachemys scripta scripta) was referred for evaluation of a 2-month nonhealing ulcerated mass on the dorsal aspect of the neck. Clinical findings: The turtle was quiet, alert, and responsive, with a 2 × 1.5-cm ulcerated lesion on the neck. Signs of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-afb131b401ef", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Cutaneous metastasis of unknown primary presenting as massive and invasive abdominal lesion: an elective approach with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Lido et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "An Bras Dermatol", "doi": "10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153793", "pmid": "26734871", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "We describe herein what is to our knowledge the first reported case of an invasive cutaneous metastasis with unknown primary, electively treated solely with electrochemotherapy. We describe a female patient with a large, invasive and painful lesion in her hypogastric region, extending up to the pubic area. The cutaneous biopsy and instrumental and laboratory analyses, all failed to reveal the primary site. A final diagnosis of cutaneous metastasis with unknown primary was made and treatment was performed with electrochemotherapy. Our case highlights the importance of interdisciplinary choices in clinical practice to cope with the lack of a primary site and to improve quality of life, since no standardized therapy exists for these classes of patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-80a5d2d2f83f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy a Good Idea in Recurrent Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment", "authors": "Ruggeri et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Melanoma Manag", "doi": "10.2217/mmt.14.28", "pmid": "30190828", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in Caucasian population. Surgical excision is the gold standard treatment for BCC. Secondary surgical approach in patients presenting surgical scars after multiple surgical excisions or submitted to radiotherapy without obtaining a safe clearance margin, should…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7b3a7603f69b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Conductive Gel Increases the Small Tumor Treatment With Electrochemotherapy Using Needle Electrodes", "authors": "Suzuki et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Artif Organs", "doi": "10.1111/aor.12631", "pmid": "26527475", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "The combination of chemotherapy drugs and high electric field treatment in local cancer is named electrochemotherapy. The European Standard Operation Procedure of Electrochemotherapy (ESOPE) provides guidelines for treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. The electrochemotherapy of numerous tumors varying in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5dc39d46d5a7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "How Effective Are Percutaneous Liver-Directed Therapies in Patients with Non-Colorectal Liver Metastases?", "authors": "Vogl", "year": 2015, "journal": "Viszeralmedizin", "doi": "10.1159/000440677", "pmid": "26889144", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the clinical indications, technical developments, and outcome of liver-directed therapies in interventional oncology of non-colorectal liver metastases. Methods: Liver-directed therapies are classified into vascular transarterial techniques such as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cf9099b45bf7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A prototype of a flexible grid electrode to treat widespread superficial tumors by means of Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0013", "pmid": "27069449", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: In recent years, superficial chest wall recurrence from breast cancer can be effectively treated by means of electrochemotherapy, with the majority of patients achieving response to treatment. Nevertheless, tumor spread along superficial lymphatic vessels makes this peculiar type of tumor recurrence prone…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7fa77d92b023", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Angiosarcoma on Lymphedema (Stewart-Treves Syndrome): A 12-Year Follow-up after Isolated Limb Perfusion, Limb Infusion, and Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.11.060", "pmid": "26916941", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Angiosarcoma on Lymphedema (Stewart–Treves Syndrome): A 12-Year Follow-up after Isolated Limb Perfusion, Limb Infusion, and Electrochemotherapy From: Luca G. Campana, MD, PhD Sara Valpione, MD Annalisa Tosi, MD Marco Rastrelli, MD Carlo R. Rossi, MD Camillo Aliberti, MD Surgical Oncology Unit (L.G.C., M.R., C.R.R.) Melanoma and Esophageal Unit (S.V.) Melanoma and Sarcoma Pathology Unit (A.T.) and Interventional Radiology Unit (C.A.) Veneto Region Oncology Research Institute IOV-IRCCS Via Gattamelata, 64 Padova 35128, Italy Editor: Stewart–Treves syndrome is an uncommon but aggressive lymphangiosarcoma in patients with breast cancer. It occurs in approximately 0.5% of patients who survive at least 5 years after radical mastectomy, but it may develop in as many as 10% of those who have severe lymphedema (1).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-0c0241f16033", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment efficacy with electrochemotherapy: A multi-institutional prospective observational study on 376 patients with superficial tumors", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2016.06.399", "pmid": "27424789", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous metastases represent a therapeutic challenge. An increasing body of experience suggests that electrochemotherapy (ECT) provides effective tumor control, although its evidence basis should be strengthened. Methods: This prospective, multicenter, observational study enrolled patients with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7e5b94a8ad50", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Efficacy and safety of electrochemotherapy combined with peritumoral IL-12 gene electrotransfer of canine mast cell tumours", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12208", "pmid": "26840222", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy combined with peritumoral interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene electrotransfer was used for treatment of mast cell tumours in 18 client-owned dogs. Local tumour control, recurrence rate, as well as safety of combined therapy were evaluated. One month after the therapy, no side effects were recorded and good…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-79c67eac3e36", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Mathematical model of tumor volume dynamics in mice treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Forjanič et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Med Biol Eng Comput", "doi": "10.1007/s11517-016-1562-1", "pmid": "27658910", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The effectiveness of electrochemotherapy, a local treatment using electric pulses to increase the uptake of chemotherapeutic drug, includes several antitumor mechanisms. In addition to the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic drug, treatment outcome also depends on antitumor immune response. In order to assess the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b6a83d45e914", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Local treatment with electrochemotherapy of superficial angiosarcomas: Efficacy and safety results from a multi-institutional retrospective study", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.24287", "pmid": "27156580", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Background: Angiosarcoma is an aggressive vascular neoplasm with a high propensity for local recurrence. Electrochemotherapy is an emerging skin-directed therapy, exerting prominent cytotoxic activity, and antivascular effects. Its efficacy in angiosarcoma has not been investigated. Methods: This multicenter…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-ae52246d60", "studyRelation": "conference-version-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:guida", "yil-farki:0", "belge-turu:kongre-ozeti" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true, "versionOf": "ref-aaa2b069b198" }, { "id": "ref-186b60b79f6b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrotransfer parameters as a tool for controlled and targeted gene expression in skin", "authors": "Kos", "year": 2016, "journal": "Mol Ther Nucleic Acids", "doi": "10.1038/mtna.2016.65", "pmid": "27574782", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Skin is an attractive target for gene electrotransfer. It consists of different cell types that can be transfected, leading to various responses to gene electrotransfer. We demonstrate that these responses could be controlled by selecting the appropriate electrotransfer parameters. Specifically, the application of low…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-87b069dd5e25", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy - yet another innovative application", "authors": "Olasz et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Br J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/bjd.14902", "pmid": "27996120", "studyType": null, "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Linked Article:Sommerlad et al. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:1342–1345.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-aa9171e826a2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Efficacy of electrochemotherapy for eruptive legs keratoacanthomas", "authors": "Ribero et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/dth.12374", "pmid": "27272980", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma, is considered a serious condition because the eruptions are diffuse, persistent, and recurrent. Constant pruritus, visceral neoplasms, and unsatisfactory response to treatment are ominous prognostic factors. Even if skin cancers are usually well controlled with surgical and/or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-66b5c71f04df", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in non-melanoma head and neck skin cancers: a three-center experience and review of the literature", "authors": "Rotunno et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "G Ital Dermatol Venereol", "doi": null, "pmid": "26376042", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: The main purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy in head and neck tumors, to assess local tumor control, its safety profile and its impact on the patients' quality of life. Methods: This is a multicenter prospective, non-randomized phase II trial. This trial was carried…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d65b73b29830", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Linear porokeratosis with multiple squamous cell carcinomas successfully treated by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Sommerlad et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Br J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/bjd.14669", "pmid": "27086492", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Porokeratosis is a clonal epidermal disorder of keratinization characterized by annular lesions with an atrophic centre and a hyperkeratotic edge. The cornoid lamella is the histopathological hallmark. Six clinical variants are recognized: porokeratosis of Mibelli; disseminated superficial porokeratosis; disseminated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cb4b82f50298", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "241. Electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment in patients with skin metastases", "authors": "Wichtowski et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2016.06.173", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a ablation method based on reversible electroporation combination with concurrent chemotherapy (intravenous administration or into the tumor). This method has been used in the treatment of primary skin tumors (carcinomas, melanomas) and secondary malignancies (eg. breast cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f145a8534aa5", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Potential Role of Electrochemotherapy as Anticancer Treatment for Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Lesions", "authors": "Zygogianni et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Asian Pac J Cancer Prev", "doi": null, "pmid": "27644612", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether electrochemotherapy is a clinically and cost-effective treatment option against skin tumors. Materials and methods: We performed an analysis of the current literature based on database searches in PubMed/MEDLINE and we included articles till July 2012. Terms…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-be096b8dfb0a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Non-melanoma Skin Cancer in a Child with Xeroderma Pigmentosum", "authors": "Baltás et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Acta Derm Venereol", "doi": "10.2340/00015555-2687", "pmid": "28448100", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "An 11-year-old girl with XP was referred to our dermato-oncology centre with advanced non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) on her face. Xerosis, skin atrophy, freckling and numerous scars from previous surgical interventions were noted on the skin surface. Unfortunately, her photoprotection in the past had been inadequate. Numerous plaques, nodules and ulcers 5–10 mm in diameter had presented, with the clinical appearance of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). A locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) had destroyed the surrounding tissues around the left nostril. On the left thigh, a tumour resembling keratoacanthoma (KA) 15 mm in diameter with a central keratotic plug was growing rapidly. Ophthalmological examination revealed photophobia and ectropion. Neurological examination, intelligence quotient (IQ) testing, radiological imaging and laboratory results were without significant pathological findings.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-d3597c7239ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of melanoma skin metastases in the era of new drugs", "authors": "Brizio", "year": 2017, "journal": "cderm", "doi": "10.11138/cderm/2017.5.2.073", "pmid": null, "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-1ed1287081fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Basal cell carcinoma 10-year experience with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/s12967-017-1225-5", "pmid": "28569161", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT), by combining manageable cytotoxic agents with short electric pulses, represents an effective palliative skin-directed therapy. The accumulated evidence indicates that ECT stands out as a safe and well-tolerated alternative treatment for patients with multiple or large basal cell carcinoma (BCC), who are not suitable for conventional treatments. However, long-term data and shared indications are lacking. Methods: In this observational study, we retrospectively analyzed 84 prospectively collected patients with multiple, recurrent or locally advanced BCC who were not candidate for standard therapies and received bleomycin-based ECT according to the European Standard Operative Procedures of ECT, from 2006 to 2016. Results: Disease extent was local, locally advanced and metastatic in 40 (48%), 41 (49%) and 3 (3%), respectively. Forty-four (52%) individuals had multiple BCCs. Grade 3 skin toxicity after ECT was observed in 6% of cases. Clearance rate was 50% (95% CI 39-61%). Primary presentation (p = 0.004), tumor size <3 cm (p < 0.001), well-defined borders (p = 0.021), absence of tumor ulceration (p = 0.001), non-aggressive BCC histology (p = 0.046) and age ≤69 years were associated with higher complete response rate. In patients with local BCC, the clearance rate was 72.5 and 85% after one or two ECT cycles, respectively. In the laBCC group, 32 patients (78%) achieved an objective response. Five-year recurrence rate for local and laBCC was 20 and 38%, respectively (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: One or two ECT cycles with bleomycin may be a valuable palliative treatment in well-selected patients with multiple BCCs and favorable tumor features. Validation of predictive factors will be imperative to match patients with optimal ECT treatment modalities. Management of laBCC with ECT warrants further investigation. Trial registration ISRCTN14633165 Registered 24 March 2017 (retrospectively registered).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e0d79e0a6348", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Palliative electrochemotherapy treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma", "authors": "Cerio et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Br J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/bjd.15578", "pmid": "28581235", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Linked Article: Kunte et al. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1475–1485.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Comment" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-83c1fc8db6cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Basal Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Clover et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_97", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) represents an evolving clinical challenge. It is the most common form of skin cancer and is increasing in prevalence due to aging populations and greater recreational sun exposure. As a result, it is responsible for a growing burden on healthcare services and requires a range of treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-57cdab7fe969", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy treatment of oral extramedullary plasmacytoma of the tongue: a retrospective study of three dogs", "authors": "Cunha et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Cienc. Rural", "doi": "10.1590/0103-8478cr20170425", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": ": Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EPs) are responsible for 2.5% of neoplasms in dogs. They are solitary, smooth, elevated, pink or red nodules, of 1 to 2cm in diameter. Cutaneous and oral extramedullary plasmacytomas in dogs are usually benign tumors, treated with local therapies. Prognosis is generally good. Recurrence…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d720377c5b79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy efficacy evaluation for treatment of locally advanced stage III cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a 22-cases retrospective analysis", "authors": "Di Monta et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/s12967-017-1186-8", "pmid": "28441954", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Extensive squamous cell carcinoma has few therapeutic options. In such cases, electrochemotherapy involving electroporation combined with antineoplastic drug appears to be a new potential option and may be considered as an alternative treatment. The aim of this retrospective single-center study was to evaluate electrochemotherapy efficacy in treatment of locally advanced stage III squamous cell carcinoma, in which surgical procedures would have entailed wide tissue sacrifice. Methods: Clinical features, treatment response, and adverse effects were evaluated in 22 patients treated with electrochemotherapy with intravenous injection of bleomycin for extensive stage III cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment of cutaneous lesions were performed according to the European Standard Operating Procedures of Electrochemotherapy. Results: Overall response to electrochemotherapy treatment was observed in 18 (81.8%) patients. Clinical response with necrosis of tumor mass was observed from the first session and lasted for all follow up period that ranged between 5 and 48 months with a median of 34 months. Overall the treatment was well tolerated with a very low complication rate. Conclusions: Electrochemotherapy represents a safe and effective therapeutic approach, associated with a good tolerability.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dccd91741445", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium electroporation for treatment of cutaneous metastases; a randomized double-blinded phase II study, comparing the effect of calcium electroporation with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Falk et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186x.2017.1355109", "pmid": "28816072", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Calcium electroporation is a novel anticancer treatment, which utilizes high voltage pulses to permeabilize cell membranes and expose the cell to supraphysiological doses of calcium. Preclinical studies on calcium electroporation have shown strikingly high tumor response with cell necrosis. Calcium…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II", "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7eaf35ef0c55", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Efficiency of electrochemotherapy with reduced bleomycin dose in the treatment of nonmelanoma head and neck skin cancer: Preliminary results", "authors": "Groselj et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Head Neck", "doi": "10.1002/hed.24991", "pmid": "29130624", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: In the present study, effectiveness of electrochemotherapy was compared in patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) of the head and neck using standard and reduced doses of bleomycin. Methods: Twenty-eight patients older than 65 years were prospectively treated with electrochemotherapy for nonmelanoma…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Controlled Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c59603863bc3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Image Gallery A case of cutaneous giant angiosarcoma treated successfully with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Br J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/bjd.15717", "pmid": "28833026", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Funding sources: S.S. is supported by a grant from the ‘Maria Ruggieri No Profit Association for research on angiosarcoma and rare tumors’. Conflicts of interest: none declared. Dear Editor, We report the case of a 52‐year‐old woman with a giant angiosarcoma of about 30 cm in diameter involving her left…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-960561125227", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of unresectable cutaneous tumours with reduced dosages of intravenous bleomycin: analysis of 57 patients from the International Network for Sharing Practices of Electrochemotherapy registry", "authors": "Rotunno et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.14708", "pmid": "29178483", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is currently used to treat unresectable superficial tumours of different histotypes through the combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and local application of electric pulses. In 2006, a collaborative project defined the ESOPE (European Standard Operating Procedures of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-957a4931be4b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Cutaneous Metastases", "authors": "Snoj et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_96", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Cutaneous metastases are fairly frequent manifestation of advanced malignant disease, comprising about 0.7–9% of all cancer patients. The cutaneous metastases may present itself as an isolated disease or may present itself as a part of multiple organ spread. Treatment of cutaneous metastases could reduce or eliminate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eabe67c2b261", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Complete response to anti-PD-1 nivolumab in massive skin metastasis from melanoma: efficacy and tolerability in an elderly patient", "authors": "Sponghini et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/CAD.0000000000000515", "pmid": "28489616", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors anti-PD-1/PD-L1 has delivered new and effective treatment options with proven clinical benefits for patients affected by metastatic melanoma. The 30-40% of treated patients experience an objective tumour regression, with a significantly prolonged survival and an improved…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-030acc634f66", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Isolated limb perfusion electrochemotherapy for the treatment of an advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the hoof in a mare", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.4314/ovj.v7i2.18", "pmid": "28717603", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "A twenty-year-old female saddle horse was referred for evaluation of a seven month, non-healing erosive lesion of the right hind hoof with proliferation and bleeding of the underlying soft tissues. This lesion had been twice surgically treated as a canker but rapidly recurred. Histological examination of the second…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-102635b6d215", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous electrochemotherapy in the treatment of portal vein tumor thrombosis at hepatic hilum in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: A feasibility study", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v23.i5.906", "pmid": "28223736", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Aim: To treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT) a prospective case series of patients with liver cirrhosis and Vp3-Vp4- portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in order to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of this new non thermal ablative technique in those patients. Methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b7062bb811eb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin associated with doxorubicin induces tumor regression and decreases the proliferative index in canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas", "authors": "Anjos et al", "year": 2018, "journal": null, "doi": "10.1101/474262", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common skin cancer in dogs, and due to its low metastatic rate, local treatments such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) promote disease control or even complete remission and increase the survival time in most cases. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of BAX, Bcl-2, and Ki67 and clinical parameters in dogs with cSCC subjected to ECT. A prospective clinical nonrandomized study was performed in dogs with naturally occurring cSCC treated with ECT. Eighteen lesions (from 11 dogs) were selected, independent of breed, sex and age. The ECT protocol consisted of bleomycin plus doxorubicin followed by electric pulses characterized by 8 biphasic electric pulses lasting 100 ms, 1 Hz and 1000 V/cm. Among the 18 lesions, the lesion volume significantly decreased after treatment (p=0.04). The tumor size at D0 had no impact on survival time or prognosis (P>0.05). A decreased mitotic index was observed at compared with D0 (P=0.019). We also observed more intratumoral necrosis at D21 compared to D0 (P=0.041). The median expression level of Ki67 was 277.96 at D0 and 193.92 at D21. Thus, tumor samples had a lower proliferative index after ECT (D21) (P=0.031). The survival times of subjects with Ki67 values lower and higher than the Ki67 median value were not significantly different (P>0.05). Regarding apoptotic markers, there was no significant difference in BAX or Bcl-2 expression between D0 and D21 (P>0.05) or in overall survival between subjects with different levels of apoptotic markers. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between BAX and Bcl-2 before ECT (D0) (P=0.0379, r=0.5067). In conclusion, there was no change in BAX and Bcl-2 protein expression levels in response to ECT at the time points evaluated, and ECT was able to reduce tumor volume and cellular proliferation in cSCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0a2e2bb55777", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A Review on Differences in Effects on Normal and Malignant Cells and Tissues to Electroporation-Based Therapies: A Focus on Calcium Electroporation", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818788077", "pmid": "30012047", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation is a potential novel anticancer treatment, where high concentrations of calcium are introduced into the cell cytosol by electroporation. This is a method where short, high-voltage pulses induce a transient permeabilization of the cell membrane and thereby allow influx and efflux of ions and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1c6d0a8ba265", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long term effectiveness of electrochemotherapy for the treatment of lower lip squamous cell carcinoma", "authors": "Gargiulo et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Craniomaxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jcms.2018.08.013", "pmid": "30244963", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a therapeutic approach based on the local application of electrical pulses that permeabilize cell membranes to enhance the uptake of low-permeant chemotherapeutic agents, thus increasing their cytotoxic effects. Materials and methods: Twenty-one patients with SCC of the lower lip…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-85c1875fcafd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Updated standard operating procedures for electrochemotherapy of cutaneous tumours and skin metastases", "authors": "Gehl et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186X.2018.1454602", "pmid": "29577784", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is now in routine clinical use to treat cutaneous metastases of any histology, and is listed in national and international guidelines for cutaneous metastases and primary skin cancer. Electrochemotherapy is used by dermatologists, surgeons, and oncologists, and for different degrees and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-aae8dca2cab1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effect of Electrode Distance in Grid Electrode Numerical Models and In Vitro Tests", "authors": "Ongaro et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818764498", "pmid": "29558871", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an emerging local treatment for the management of superficial tumors and, among these, also chest wall recurrences from breast cancer. Generally, the treatment of this peculiar type of tumor requires the coverage of large skin areas. In these cases, electrochemotherapy treatment by means of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8a586818040f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Successful Treatment of a Keratoacanthoma with Electrochemotherapy A Case Report", "authors": "Pasquali et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)", "doi": "10.1007/s13555-018-0222-9", "pmid": "29368221", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of intralesional bleomycin injection combined with electroporation for the treatment of cutaneous tumors. However, the phenomenon that electroporation can enhance the cytotoxicity of bleomycin in vivo by 300-700 fold has been intensely investigated. Case…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e6cd11ca3821", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin or bleomycin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Improved effectiveness of cisplatin in HPV-positive tumors", "authors": "Prevc et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.06.004", "pmid": "29898433", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları" ], "abstract": "Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important etiological factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Standard treatment of HPV-positive tumors with platinum-based radio(chemo)therapy results in a better outcome than in HPV-negative tumors. Electrochemotherapy is becoming an increasingly recognized mode of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-238b5631d845", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin of Different types of Cutaneous Tumours in a Ferret (Mustela Putorius Furo)", "authors": "Racnik et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2017-0057", "pmid": "29520211", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Mast cell tumour, sebaceous gland adenoma, and less common squamous papilloma are skin tumours in ferrets ( Mustela putorius furo ), and early excisional surgery is usually the treatment of choice. The aim of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT), a new, minimally…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2243a8dc6dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Predictive factors in non-melanoma skin cancers treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Rotunno et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "G Ital Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.23736/S0392-0488.16.05336-0", "pmid": "26989995", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: The management of non-melanoma skin cancers may benefit from alternative treatments and in this spectrum electrochemotherapy plays a pivotal role. The aim was to describe the predictive features of patients with cutaneous carcinomas treated with electrochemotherapy, with regard to clinical, pathological…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0ab81e850fe8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Application of electrochemotherapy in the management of primary and metastatic cutaneous malignant tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Seyed Jafari et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Eur J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1684/ejd.2018.3291", "pmid": "30105989", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is becoming a promising technique for the management of malignancies of skin and non-skin origin. The current review aims to clarify current knowledge on administration of electrochemotherapy for the treatment of various skin tumours. A systematic literature search was performed, up to the end of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-298ad0ab458f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium electroporation for treatment of sarcoma in preclinical studies", "authors": "Szewczyk", "year": 2018, "journal": "Oncotarget", "doi": "10.18632/oncotarget.24352", "pmid": "29545923", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (CaEP) describes the use of electric pulses (electroporation) to transiently permeabilize cells to allow supraphysiological doses of calcium to enter the cytosol. Calcium electroporation has successfully been investigated for treatment of cutaneous metastases in a clinical study. This preclinical study explores the possible use of calcium electroporation for treatment of sarcoma. A normal murine muscle cell line (C2C12), and a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (RD) were used in the undifferentiated and differentiated state. Electroporation was performed using 8 pulses of 100 μs at 600-1000 V/cm; with calcium (0, 0.5, 1, and 5 mM). Viability was examined by MTS assay, intracellular calcium levels were measured, and expression of plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) was investigated using western blotting. Calcium/sodium exchanger (NCX1), ryanodine receptor (RyR1) expression and cytoskeleton structure (zyxin/actin) were assessed by immunofluorescence. CaEP efficiency on RD tumors was tested in vivo in immuno-deficient mice. CaEP was significantly more efficient in RD than in normal cells. Intracellular Ca 2+ levels after CaEP increased significantly in RD, whereas a lower increase was seen in normal cells. CaEP caused decreased expression of PMCA and NCX1 in malignant cells and RyR1 in both cell lines whereas normal cells exhibited increased expression of NCX1 after CaEP. Calcium electroporation also affected cytoskeleton structure in malignant cells. This study showed that calcium electroporation is tolerated significantly better in normal muscle cells than sarcoma cells and as an inexpensive and simple cancer treatment this could potentially be used in connection with sarcoma surgery for local treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-85e029c14713", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Parametric optimization of electric field strength for cancer electrochemotherapy on a chip-based model", "authors": "Zhao et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Theranostics", "doi": "10.7150/thno.21099", "pmid": "29290813", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), as one of the very few available treatments for cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors when surgery and radiotherapy are no longer available, requires applying a proper electric field to the tumor to realize electroporation-mediated cytotoxic drug delivery. It is impossible to exhaust all possible electrical parameters on patients to realize the optimal tradeoff between tumor suppression and adverse effects. To address this issue, this study provides a feasible solution by developing a four-leaf micro-electrode chip (F-MEC) in which the electric field was specially designed by linear distribution to cover all possible electric field strengths for ECT. Methods : We developed a F-MEC that provides a linearly varied electric field and a capacity for in situ observation of cell status. By culturing tumor cells on the F-MEC surface and in situ monitoring the cell responses to ECT drugs, the optimal electric field strength for any given cell type could be rapidly and accurately calculated in a few, or even only one, simple assay. Results : Using this chip, we monitored MCF-7 and A315 cell responses to ECT and determined the optimum ECT voltage. More importantly, we successfully verified that the in vitro determined voltage coincided with the optimal value for in vivo ECT in mice. Conclusion : In this proof-of-concept study, the in vivo tumor suppression assays proved that the optimal parameters acquired from in vitro F-MEC assay could be used for in vivo ECT.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7a4696c1b073", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A Commentary on \"Electrochemotherapy for advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma: A European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices of Electrochemotherapy (InspECT)\" (Int J Surg 2019; Epub ahead of Print)", "authors": "Alagkiozidis", "year": 2019, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.10.050", "pmid": "31726109", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "International Journal of Surgery 72 (2019) 196–197 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Surgery journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijsu Invited Commentary A Commentary on “Electrochemotherapy for advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma: A European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices of Electrochemotherapy (InspECT)” (Int J Surg 2019; Epub ahead of Print) Progress in treating rare cancers is hindered by the difficulty in execution of large-scale randomized clinical trials. Consequently, well designed observational studies play an important role in deriving much needed evidence. Cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) has a very low incidence of 2–5 cases per 1000000 per year and very poor prognosis with early propensity for metastasis and a 5-year survival of 33.5% [1]. Hence, there is a great need for high quality observational studies in order to form standardized treatment options.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-de5d6694d17f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Basal cell carcinoma and electrochemotherapy the InspECT experience", "authors": "Bertino et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.115", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Despite a well-organized Hungarian national invitational breast screening that is free of charge, the participation rate has never reached 70%. This study assessed the socioeconomic factors and barriers associated with low adherence via questionnaire. This report could provide information on the appropriate level of intervention for increasing screening participation in Hungary and might be useful for countries in Central-Eastern Europe with similarly low screening coverage rates. Material and Method. Women 45-65 years of age were interviewed anonymously between 2015 and 2016 using a web-based and printed questionnaire containing 15 structured questions. The questions focused on education level, marital status, residence, participation frequency in breast screening programs, and barriers to attending screening. All answers were statistically analysed. Results. A total of 3,313 women completed the questionnaire.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-17292ce72555", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma: A European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices of electrochemotherapy (InspECT)", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.10.013", "pmid": "31618680", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) is a highly aggressive malignancy that challenges the radicality of surgical treatment. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a skin-directed treatment based on cytotoxic chemotherapy combined with local electric pulses, may be an intraoperative adjunct and a new opportunity in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7a55297afffd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of superficial tumors - Current status:: Basic principles, operating procedures, shared indications, and emerging applications", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Semin Oncol", "doi": "10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.04.002", "pmid": "31122761", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Treatment of superficial tumors with electrochemotherapy (ECT) has shown a steep rise over the past decade and indications range from skin cancers to locally advanced or metastatic neoplasms. Based on reversible electroporation, which is a physical method to achieve transient tumor cell membrane permeabilization by…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e815b9c34b47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A Novel Method for Controlled Gene Expression via Combined Bleomycin and Plasmid DNA Electrotransfer", "authors": "Chopra et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms20164047", "pmid": "31430949", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an efficient method for the local treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases, but its efficacy as a systemic treatment remains low. The application of gene electrotransfer (GET) to transfer DNA coding for immune system modulating molecules could allow for a systemic effect, but its applications are limited because of possible side effects, e.g., immune system overactivation and autoimmune response. In this paper, we present the simultaneous electrotransfer of bleomycin and plasmid DNA as a method to increase the systemic effect of bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy. With appropriately selected concentrations of bleomycin and plasmid DNA, it is possible to achieve efficient cell transfection while killing cells via the cytotoxic effect of bleomycin at later time points. We also show the dynamics of both cell electrotransfection and cell death after the simultaneous electrotransfer of bleomycin and plasmid DNA. Therefore, this method could have applications in achieving the transient, cell death-controlled expression of immune system activating genes while retaining efficient bleomycin mediated cell killing.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1ef340931b1f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous malignancy; outcomes and subgroup analysis from the cumulative results from the pan- European InspECT Database for 1478 lesions in 691 patients (2008-2018)", "authors": "Clover et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.090", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy is a treatment for cutaneous tumors, both primary and secondary metastatic tumors. The international Network for sharing practices on Electrochemotherapy (INSPECT) group gathers information on treatment outcome in a common database with defined, outcome parameters in order to improve and guide the use of electrochemotherapy. This allowed cumulative analysis of the database over a 10 year period across the range of cutaneous histiotypes treated. Methods: Twenty treatment centers across Europe participated. Treatment outcomes for 691 patients treated with electrochemotherapy for primary or secondary cutaneous tumors, with a follow-up of 45 days or more, were analyzed. Up to 7 tumor lesions were registered for each patient. Response rates were investigated in relation to primary diagnosis, tumor size, choice of electrode type and route of bleomycin administration, as well as previous irradiation in the treated lesions.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt" ] }, { "id": "ref-d37cdc278f69", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as Promising Treatment Option in Rare Recurrent Cutaneous Neoplasm of the Scalp: Case Report of an Elderly Patient", "authors": "Crimini et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Case Rep Oncol Med", "doi": "10.1155/2019/2507642", "pmid": "31049235", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a tumor that commonly presents on the head or neck in older individuals. Making a definitive diagnosis of AFX is challenging, and frequently, it is hard to distinguish from pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS). There are no clear recommendations regarding the treatment of AFX, but an extensive surgery is actually considered the best option. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel therapeutic modality of local treatment in which the application of electrical pulses, enhancing cell membrane permeability, allows greater intracellular accumulation of chemotherapy drugs in the skin or subcutaneous tumors. Case report We report a case of a 78-year-old male affected by a red, ulcerative, dermal, scalp nodule, which was treated with ECT with a complete clinical response. We have also reported literature data on this topic. Results In this case, ECT showed to be an effective and safe treatment for recurrent neoplasms of the head and neck, considering the complete response obtained and the absence of disease relapse after two years. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report that shows great clinical results using ECT after surgery in relapsed AFX/PDS. However, more studies are needed to confirm our results.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-181204ff10ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced or recurrent eyelid-periocular basal cell carcinomas", "authors": "Kis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-41026-2", "pmid": "30862897", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "There is increasing evidence about the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the treatment of basal cell carcinomas in the head and neck region, although its role in the management of eyelid-periocular skin tumors has to be clarified. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the results of ECT in the treatment of locally advanced primary and recurrent eyelid-periocular skin basal cell carcinomas. Twelve patients with basal cell carcinoma involving the eyelid-periocular skin region were treated with ECT. Three patients had locally advanced primary tumors, while 9 patients had recurrent tumors. All treatments were performed according to the ESOPE guidelines, using Cliniporator TM device. All patients received bleomycin based ECT. The route of administration was intratumoral in 3 patients and intravenous in 9 patients. Tumor response was evaluated using the RECIST 1.1. criteria. ECT resulted in complete response of the periocular skin tumors in all patients. Lower eyelid ectropion was developed in 3 patients which had to be corrected surgically. ECT can be used effectively in the treatment of locally advanced or recurrent basal cell carcinomas in the eyelid-periocular skin region. Excellent tumor control can be achieved with good functional and cosmetic results without systemic adverse events with short interval follow-up.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3bf5ad64275f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Critical review of multidisciplinary non-surgical local interventional ablation techniques in primary or secondary liver malignancies", "authors": "Kovács", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Contemp Brachytherapy", "doi": "10.5114/jcb.2019.90466", "pmid": "31969919", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Local non-surgical interventional percutaneous ablation represents nowadays an important part of the potential treatment strategies. Although surgical ablation represents the gold standard, in the past decade there was an expansion in the use of non-surgical ablative techniques: radiofrequency, microwave, laser…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a90f4a799b9b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long-term follow-up in patients treated with electrochemotherapy for non-melanoma skin cancer in the head and neck area", "authors": "Kristiansson et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Acta Otolaryngol", "doi": "10.1080/00016489.2018.1543950", "pmid": "30734631", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a cancer treatment modality where the intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents is enhanced by an applied electrical field. Aims/objectives: To evaluate the long-term efficacy, safety and functional outcome after ECT treatment in high-risk non-melanoma skin cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a4d46a4d20e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of an incompletely excised subcutaneous low-grade epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in a budgerigar parakeet ( Melopsittacus undulatus )", "authors": "Lanza et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.4314/ovj.v9i3.13", "pmid": "31998622", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous tumors are rarely described in avian and are frequently of viral origin. Solid tumors of vascular origin are seldom reported and usually result in difficult management by surgery alone. We describe the outcome of a subcutaneous low-grade epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) treated with the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-33f77a695830", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the palliative management of cutaneous metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Morley et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2019.07.003", "pmid": "31285093", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy combines electroporation in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents and is used to treat tumours in many localisations, including cutaneous metastases. The symptoms associated with cutaneous malignant wounds can be distressing for patients and their management is a challenge in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b59e60b212b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and Ablative Therapies in Non-melanoma Skin Cancer", "authors": "O'Donoghue et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)", "doi": "10.1016/j.clon.2019.08.010", "pmid": "31543301", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Although surgery and radiotherapy remain the most commonly used treatments for non-melanoma skin cancer, there are a variety of alternatives. Here we discuss the use of electrochemotherapy and ablative treatments and examine the evidence for their effectiveness against a number of non-melanoma skin cancers.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-d7b79a72d2e1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electroquimioterapia con bleomicina intravenosa en el tratamiento del carcinoma de células de Merkel", "authors": "Padilla-España et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ad.2018.07.007", "pmid": "30126606", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-e4710c68b9f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Pre-clinical investigation of the synergy effect of interleukin-12 gene-electro-transfer during partially irreversible electropermeabilization against melanoma", "authors": "Pasquet et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Immunother Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s40425-019-0638-5", "pmid": "31242938", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Melanoma is a very aggressive skin tumor that can be cured when diagnosed and treated in its early stages. However, at the time of identification, the tumor is frequently in a metastatic stage. Intensive research is currently ongoing to improve the efficacy of the immune system in eliminating cancer cells. One approach is to boost the activation of cytotoxic T cells by IL-12 cytokine that plays a central role in the activation of the immune system. In parallel, physical methods such as electropermeabilization-based treatments are currently under investigation and show promising results. Methods: In this study, we set electrical parameters to induce a partial-irreversible electropermeabilization (pIRE) of melanoma to induce a sufficient cell death and potential release of tumor antigens able to activate immune cells. This protocol mimics the situation where irreversible electropermeabilization is not fully completed. Then, a peritumoral plasmid IL-12 electrotransfer was combined with pIRE treatment. Evaluation of the tumor growth and survival was performed in mouse strains having a different immunological background (C57Bl/6 (WT), nude and C57Bl6 (TLR9-/-)). Results: pIRE treatment induced apoptotic cell death and a temporary tumor growth delay in all mouse strains. In C57Bl/6 mice, we showed that peritumoral plasmid IL-12 electrotransfer combined with tumor pIRE treatment induced tumor regression correlating with a local secretion of IL-12 and IFN-γ. This combined treatment induced a growth delay of distant tumors and prevented the emergence of a second tumor in 50% of immunocompetent mice. Conclusions: The combination of pIL-12 GET and pIRE not only enhanced survival but could bring a curative effect in wild type mice. This two-step treatment, named Immune-Gene Electro-Therapy (IGET), led to a systemic activation of the adaptive immune system and the development of an anti-tumor immune memory.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8348a1c740b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy - A locoregional therapy with well-established palliative effect in patient with large recurrent lesion of head and neck", "authors": "Pichi et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Craniomaxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jcms.2018.10.014", "pmid": "30471938", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a well established treatment strategy for skin tumors of different histology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of electrochemotherapy in the palliative setting in patients with head and neck malignancies, already treated with surgery and/or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-118ef50b8fb1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin in the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uropygial Gland in a Cockatiel (Nymphicus Hollandicus)", "authors": "Racnik et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine", "doi": "10.1053/j.jepm.2018.04.020", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "A 12-year-old female cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was presented with a squamous cell carcinoma involving the uropygial gland. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a minimally invasive treatment option was applied. The patient was anesthetized, a chemotherapeutic agent was injected intratumorally, and electrical pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d936a68b4bb6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin for the treatment of a non-operable cutaneous fibroma in a cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)", "authors": "Racnik et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "N Z Vet J", "doi": "10.1080/00480169.2018.1564393", "pmid": "30626280", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Fibromas are uncommon benign neoplasms in birds; they originate in fibrous connective tissue and can be found almost everywhere, most frequently on the head, face, beak and cere, legs, wings, and s...", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-305e08348d31", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Correction Calcium electroporation for treatment of sarcoma in preclinical studies", "authors": "Szewczyk", "year": 2019, "journal": "Oncotarget", "doi": "10.18632/oncotarget.27158", "pmid": "31489120", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24352.].", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-783160c59d57", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Maintaining Quality of Life Electrochemotherapy for Palliative Periorbital Malignancy", "authors": "Ullrich et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg", "doi": "10.1097/IOP.0000000000001468", "pmid": "31593036", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy has been used successfully for treatment of recurrent head and neck skin cancers and skin metastasis. It combines both electroporation and chemotherapy. The authors report 4 patients, who all had metastatic periorbital malignancy. These patients were palliative with widespread metastatic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e246298e0a6a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma: A european register-based cohort study from the international network for sharing practices of electrochemotherapy (InspECT)-An invited commentary", "authors": "Zhou et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.11.015", "pmid": "31759116", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-ad4d93d3e9b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy, a local treatment for squamous cell carcinoma in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa", "authors": "Bartolo et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/dth.14093", "pmid": "32720460", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is a rare group of diseases caused by genetic variants in skin structural proteins. EB is characterized by varying degrees of skin fragility, blisters and impaired wound healing, and is classified based on the ultrastructural levels of skin cleavage-simplex, junctional, dystrophic, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c31885a1b988", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intratumoral Delivery of Plasmid IL12 Via Electroporation Leads to Regression of Injected and Noninjected Tumors in Merkel Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Bhatia et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-0972", "pmid": "31582519", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Purpose: IL12 promotes adaptive type I immunity and has demonstrated antitumor efficacy, but systemic administration leads to severe adverse events (AE), including death. This pilot trial investigated safety, efficacy, and immunologic activity of intratumoral delivery of IL12 plasmid DNA (tavo) via in vivo…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6cfa69d7738c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A Dedicated Checklist to Improve the Quality of Reporting in Electrochemotherapy and Enable Comparisons with Other Skin-directed Therapies", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)", "doi": "10.1016/j.clon.2019.10.007", "pmid": "31699489", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy and Enable Comparisons with Other Skindirected Therapies Madam d We welcome the recent overview of electrochemotherapy (ECT) and other skin-directed treatments [1]. Locally advanced cutaneous malignancies and skin metastases represent a distressing problem for patients and a difficult-to-manage condition for carers. Reasons include the burden of associated symptoms and disease aggressiveness coupled with the heterogeneity of clinical presentations. Since its standardisation in 2006, ECT with bleomycin has resulted in a valuable opportunity to control superficial tumours not amenable to surgical resection, as shown by local progression-free survival of up to 96% at 1 year and a diffuse beneficial impact on patient quality of life, which includes local disease-related complaints as well as functional aspects and activities of daily living [2].", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-6934778c4d4c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Palliative Electrochemotherapy Treatment of Cutaneous Metastases in a Patient with Advanced Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma", "authors": "Cavaco et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur Thyroid J", "doi": "10.1159/000507888", "pmid": "32903929", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Advanced papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with cutaneous metastases may cause pain, ulceration, and bleeding. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive treatment of tumors located in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The electric pulses potentiate the toxicity of cytostatic agents entering the tumor cell. It…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-72146f322691", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Assisted by Reversible Electroporation-In Vitro Study on Human Melanoma Cells", "authors": "Choromanska et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics12050478", "pmid": "32456290", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Melanoma is one of the most serious skin cancers. The incidence of this malignant skin lesion is continuing to increase worldwide. Melanoma is resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs and highly metastatic. Surgical resection can only be used to treat melanoma in the early stages, while chemotherapy is limited due to melanoma multi-drug resistance. The overexpression of glutathione S -transferase (GST) may have a critical role in this resistance. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural phenolic compound, which occurs in many plants. Previous studies demonstrated that CAPE suppresses the growth of melanoma cells and induces reactive oxygen species generation. It is also known that bioactivation of CAPE to its corresponding quinone metabolite by tyrosinase would lead to GST inhibition and selective melanoma cell death. We investigated the biochemical toxicity of CAPE in combination with microsecond electropermeabilization in two human melanoma cell lines. Our results indicate that electroporation of melanoma cells in the presence of CAPE induced high oxidative stress, which correlates with high cytotoxicity. Moreover, it can disrupt the metabolism of cancer cells by inducing apoptotic cell death. Electroporation of melanoma cells may be an efficient CAPE delivery system, enabling the application of this compound, while reducing its dose and exposure time.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f0cf76cec8f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of primary basal cell carcinoma; A randomised control trial comparing electrochemotherapy and surgery with five year follow up", "authors": "Clover et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2019.11.509", "pmid": "31862134", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are the commonest cutaneous malignancy and incidence continues to increase. There is a need to expand the therapeutic toolbox to increase options for patients that are unsuitable for or unwilling to undergo the current therapies. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a technique where cells are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b53128843a3e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous malignancy: Outcomes and subgroup analysis from the cumulative results from the pan-European International Network for Sharing Practice in Electrochemotherapy database for 2482 lesions in 987 patients (2008-2019)", "authors": "Clover et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2020.06.020", "pmid": "32836172", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a treatment for both primary and secondary cutaneous tumours. The international Network for sharing practices on ECT group investigates treatment outcomes after ECT using a common database with defined parameters. Methods: Twenty-eight centres across Europe prospectively…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a18eb6d8a4e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The use of cisplatin electrochemotherapy in nonmelanoma skin cancers A single‐center study", "authors": "De Giorgi et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/dth.13547", "pmid": "32385903", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a well-known nonconventional skin cancer ablative method that was shown to be safe and effective for treating both locoregional disease spreading and disseminated cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions from different types of cancer. The most common medications used are bleomycin and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8c6cc4abe274", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous image guided electrochemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: technological advancement", "authors": "Djokic et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2020-0038", "pmid": "32562533", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background Electrochemotherapy is an effective treatment of colorectal liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during open surgery. The minimally invasive percutaneous approach of electrochemotherapy has already been performed but not on HCC. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility, safety…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8956fb3a670f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Neoadjuvant treatment by ECT in cutaneous malignant neoplastic lesions", "authors": "Fabrizio et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.bjps.2019.11.063", "pmid": "31987777", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local treatment and its use has been standardised for cutaneous nodules of any histological origin. In this study, we use ECT as a neoadjuvant therapy to reduce the size of neoplastic lesions to obtain an ideal cleavage plane where vital or very important vascular and/or nervous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eeb814e9dec8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Successful Tumor Electrochemotherapy Using Sine Waves", "authors": "Garcia-Sanchez et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/tbme.2019.2928645", "pmid": "31329545", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: The purpose of this work is to assess the ability of sine waves to perform electrochemotherapy (ECT) and to study the dependence of the frequency of the applied sine wave on the treatment efficacy. Methods: A subcutaneous tumor model in mice was used, and the electric field was delivered in combination with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eaf6f03ee7cf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Toward a clinical real time tissue ablation technology: combining electroporation and electrolysis (E2)", "authors": "Guenther et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "PeerJ", "doi": "10.7717/peerj.7985", "pmid": "31998549", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Percutaneous image-guided tissue ablation (IGA) plays a growing role in the clinical management of solid malignancies. Electroporation is used for IGA in several modalities: irreversible electroporation (IRE), and reversible electroporation with chemotoxic drugs, called electrochemotherapy (ECT). It was shown that the combination of electrolysis and electroporation-E2-affords tissue ablation with greater efficiency, that is, lower voltages, lower energy and shorter procedure times than IRE and without the need for chemotoxic additives as in ECT. Methods: A new E2 waveform was designed that delivers optimal doses of electroporation and electrolysis in a single waveform. A series of experiments were performed in the liver of pigs to evaluate E2 in the context of clinical applications. The goal was to find initial parameter boundaries in terms of electrical field, pulse duration and charge as well as tissue behavior to enable real time tissue ablation of clinically relevant volumes. Results: Histological results show that a single several hundred millisecond long E2 waveform can ablate large volume of tissue at relatively low voltages while preserving the integrity of large blood vessels and lumen structures in the ablation zone without the use of chemotoxic drugs or paralyzing drugs during anesthesia. This could translate clinically into much shorter treatment times and ease of use compared to other techniques that are currently applied.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c1f729b1b7c8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Moving forward with electrochemotherapy for skin metastases: The need for timely referral and comprehensive reporting", "authors": "Kunte et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2019.10.008", "pmid": "31619336", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "The need for timely referral and comprehensive reporting Keywords: Skin metastases Electrochemotherapy Palliative care Scientific reporting Treatment outcome The article by Josephine Morley and colleagues provides relevant data on the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) for palliation of skin metastases [1]. Based on studies that followed ECT standardization in 2006, this systematic review and metaanalysis confirms the efficacy of this therapy and the inverse correlation between response and tumour size. In particular, the odds of achieving tumour eradication result more than doubled (OR 2.25) in patients with metastases smaller than 3 cm. Importantly, these findings consolidate the evidence basis and highlight the need for early patient referral. This was previously demonstrated by the IMI-GIDO study by the Italian Melanoma Intergroup.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-56b46aec6b4e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Surgeons reaching satisfying outcomes without surgery: nasal dorsum skin cancer recurrence treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Pichi et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/CAD.0000000000000946", "pmid": "32697469", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck district are generally treated with surgery. Surgery is the standard treatment in early stages and local advanced tumors, followed by adjuvant therapy, radiation or concurrent chemoradiation therapy. Local recurrence treatment depends on previous therapies, though…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5420432a8cf2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The First Study of Irreversible Electroporation with Calcium Ions and Chemotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Rudno-Rudzińska et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Applied Sciences", "doi": "10.3390/app10155163", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "(1) Background: In the last two decades, anticancer treatment has been extensively developed based on various physical methods, including electroporation (EP). On the basis of many in vitro and in vivo studies, electroporation and further electrochemotherapy (ECT) have been established as a treatment method for cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions. In this procedure, after placing electrodes in the tumor mass and the generation of electrical pulses, a reversible or irreversible rearrangement of the cell membrane occurs. Calcium electroporation has already been applied to treat skin tumors and subcutaneous tissue tumors. Here, we demonstrate the first application of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in combination with calcium ions and chemotherapy for patients with cancer. (2) Methods: This study aimed to present and compare the findings and outcomes of patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma who were qualified for the procedure. Two patients were treated with IRE with calcium ions after chemotherapy (paclitaxel + Gemcitabine (GCB) or FOLOX) or only FOLFOX (folinic acid calcium folinate, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin). The clinicopathological data, overall survival, and the safety of the procedure were analyzed. (3) Results: Two patients were treated with calcium electroporation. One of the patients developed pancreatitis and the second developed pancreatic fistula, but both of them continued standard systemic treatment. Overall survival was 9 months in the first case and 21 months in the second case (and the patient is still alive). Calcium electroporation had a good impact on QOL (Quality of Life). (4) Conclusions: IRE accompanied chemotherapy, and intratumoral calcium ions administration might represent an additional therapy to surgery and chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), particularly in unresectable cases. However, further studies of randomized trials should be undertaken to elucidate the role of chemotherapy in IRE protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5372a3ce20fc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a Vietnamese pot-bellied Pig (Susscrofa)", "authors": "Weissman et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine", "doi": "10.1053/j.jepm.2020.03.013", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: With increasing numbers of Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs (Susscrofa) being cared for as pets and increased survival times due to improved husbandry and veterinary care, the possibility of naturally occurring cancer is likely to increase in this species. Case description: A 9-year old, female spayed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8752cd8089be", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Evaluation of Calcium Electroporation for the Treatment of Cutaneous Metastases: A Double Blinded Randomised Controlled Phase II Trial", "authors": "Ágoston et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12010179", "pmid": "31936897", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (Ca-EP) is a new anticancer treatment providing similar features to electrochemotherapy (ECT). The aim of our study is to compare the efficacy of Ca-EP with bleomycin-based ECT. This double-blinded randomized controlled phase II study was conducted at the Medical University of Szeged, Hungary. During this once only treatment up to ten measurable cutaneous metastases per patient were separately block randomized for intratumoral delivery of either calcium or bleomycin, which was followed by reversible electroporation. Tumour response was evaluated clinically and histologically six months after treatment. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03628417, closed). Seven patients with 44 metastases (34 from malignant melanoma, 10 from breast cancer) were included in the study. Eleven metastases were taken for biopsies, and 33 metastases were randomised and treated once. The objective response rates were 33% (6/18) for Ca-EP and 53% (8/15) for bleomycin-based ECT, with 22% (4/18) and 40% (6/15) complete response rates, respectively. The CR was confirmed histologically in both arms. Serious adverse events were not registered. Ulceration and hyperpigmentation, both CTCA criteria grade I side effects, were observed more frequently after bleomycin-based ECT than for Ca-EP. Ca-EP was non-inferior to ECT, therefore, it should be considered as a feasible, effective and safe treatment option.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-62cf8a2fd7e0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A novel application of calcium electroporation to cutaneous manifestations of gynaecological cancer", "authors": "Ahmed-Salim et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "EJGO", "doi": "10.31083/j.ejgo4204102", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Objective: Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is a new technique whereby intracellular concentrations of calcium are elevated by transient permeabilisation of the cell membrane using high-voltage electrical pulses. Tumour necrosis is induced with little damage to healthy tissue. Within gynaecological cancer, vulval cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bdb7d2ef58ef", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Combination of Pembrolizumab with Electrochemotherapy in Cutaneous Metastases from Melanoma: A Comparative Retrospective Study from the InspECT and Slovenian Cancer Registry", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13174289", "pmid": "34503099", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective locoregional therapy for cutaneous melanoma metastases and has been safely combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in preliminary experiences. Since ECT is known to induce immunogenic cell death, its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors might be beneficial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of ECT on cutaneous melanoma metastases in combination with pembrolizumab. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort analysis of stage IIIC-IV melanoma patients, included in the International Network for sharing practices of ECT (InspECT) and the Slovenian Cancer Registry. We compared the outcome of patients who received the following treatments: (a) pembrolizumab alone, (b) pembrolizumab plus ECT, and (c) ECT. The groups were matched for age, sex, performance status, and size of skin metastases. The local objective response rate (ORR) was higher in the pembrolizumab-ECT group than in the pembrolizumab group (78% and 39%, p < 0.001). The 1 year local progression-free survival (LPFS) rates were 86% and 51% ( p < 0.001), and the 1 year systemic PFS rates were 64% and 39%, respectively ( p = 0.034). The 1 year overall survival (OS) rates were 88% and 64%, respectively ( p = 0.006). Our results suggest that skin-directed therapy with ECT improves superficial tumor control in melanoma patients treated with pembrolizumab. Interestingly, we observed longer PFS and OS in the pembrolizumab-ECT group than in the pembrolizumab group. These findings warrant prospective confirmation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-955e83ade667", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Publisher Correction: Comparison of two different doses of bleomycin in electrochemotherapy protocols for feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma nonsegregated from ultraviolet light exposure", "authors": "Dos Anjos et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-88998-8", "pmid": "33941834", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0eff73c90cc2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "VEGF Expression, Cellular Infiltration, and Intratumoral Collagen Levels after Electroporation-Based Treatment of Dogs with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Dos Anjos et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Life (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/life11121321", "pmid": "34947852", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in tropical countries and is generally associated with exposure to solar ultraviolet light. It has a low metastatic rate, and local treatments, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT), promote long-term control or even complete remission. This study aimed to evaluate pre- and post-ECT treatment expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31, cellular infiltration, and intratumoral collagen levels in dogs with cutaneous SCC. A prospective nonrandomized clinical study was performed using dogs with spontaneous SCC treated with ECT. Eighteen lesions from 11 dogs were included in the study. The expression levels of VEGF and CD31; cellular infiltration; and intratumoral collagen levels, as determined by Masson's trichrome staining, were not significantly different from pre-treatment measurements on day 21 ( p > 0.05). However, among cellular infiltration, the mixed subtype was correlated with better overall survival time when compared to lymphoplasmacytic and neutrophilic infiltration ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, ECT had no effect on VEGF expression, cellular infiltration, or intratumoral collagen levels in dogs with cutaneous SCC at the time of evaluation, suggesting that early and late post-ECT-treatment phases should be considered.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-045849e9a3f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium Electroporation for Keloids A First-in-Man Phase I Study", "authors": "Falk et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Dermatology", "doi": "10.1159/000514307", "pmid": "33789301", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Keloid scarring is a pathologic proliferation of scar tissue that often causes pruritus, pain, and disfigurement. Keloids can be difficult to treat and have a high risk of recurrence. Recent studies have shown promising results in the treatment of cutaneous metastases with intralesional calcium combined…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c295d9f41d2e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reduction of muscle contraction and pain in electroporation-based treatments An overview", "authors": "Fusco et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "World J Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.5306/wjco.v12.i5.367", "pmid": "34131568", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: In the first studies of electrochemotherapy (ECT), small cutaneous metastases were treated and only mild or moderate pain was observed; therefore, pain was not considered a significant issue. As the procedure began to be applied to larger cutaneous metastases, pain was reported more frequently. For that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3de6dd0065fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a hydroxyurea- and ruxolitinib-pretreated patient with polycythaemia vera", "authors": "Gambichler et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.17406", "pmid": "34855240", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Hydroxyurea and ruxolitinib are frequently used to treat myeloproliferative disorders, including polycythaemia vera, and chronic treatment is associated with many cutaneous adverse effects such as the development of aggressive non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). We report an 85-year-old man with a history of hydroxyurea-…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b537e23c1c15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin for basal cell carcinomas a systematic review", "authors": "Hendel et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.17492", "pmid": "34219303", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of cancer and an increasing incidence stimulates the interest in new treatments such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin. This systematic review focuses on literature from the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Bleomycin-ECT studies…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-56fc07a0d93d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Neurological Complications After Electrochemotherapy Treatment in the Head and Neck Area", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.15139", "pmid": "34230147", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background/aim: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a predominately palliative treatment for cutaneous metastases where an electric field is used to increase the intracellular accumulation of a chemotherapeutic drug (bleomycin or cisplatin). ECT induces a strong anti-vascular effect and endothelial cells seem especially…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cc9af8f1cfbf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Stereotactic Percutaneous Electrochemotherapy as Primary Approach for Unresectable Large HCC at the Hepatic Hilum", "authors": "Luerken et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-021-02841-1", "pmid": "34036404", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel non-thermal ablative technique that combines chemotherapy and the application of electric pulses for reversible cell membrane electroporation. This method was recently performed in the treatment of deep-seated liver tumors during open surgery but experience about percutaneous ECT is rare and further developments like combination of percutaneous ECT with stereotactic navigated devices may be very promising. We report on a case of a 4.7 × 4.5 × 3.5 cm unresectable HCC at the hepatic hilum adjacent to the major vessels and the bile duct that was successfully treated using percutaneous ECT in combination with stereotactic navigation. Follow-up imaging 6 weeks and 6 months after ECT showed complete response.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a7ee5df9046a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and basal cell carcinomas: First-time appraisal of the efficacy of electrochemotherapy on survivorship using FACE-Q", "authors": "Lyons et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "JPRAS Open", "doi": "10.1016/j.jpra.2020.12.004", "pmid": "33490356", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: The establishment and success of new treatments are significantly influenced by patient satisfaction. Post-operative scarring is an important outcome for patients, and subsequently influences overall satisfaction with treatment. The objective was to measure post-treatment scarring satisfaction using a novel scale, the FACE-Q Skin Cancer Module, to compare electrochemotherapy (ECT) to traditional surgical excision (SE) to demonstrate equivalence of ECT and SE regarding outcome and survivorship. Methods and materials: This was a multicentre first-time appraisal study of the efficacy of ECT. All patients with facial BCCs treated with either ECT or SE were deemed eligible and subsequently recruited from either a previous clinical trial or outpatient clinics, respectively. Of the 40 participants invited, 25 responses were received. Patient information recorded included age, gender, location and size of BCCs, and time since treatment. Patient outcomes were measured using the FACE-Q Skin Cancer Module. Results: The ECT and SE groups consisted of 14 and 11 patients, respectively. Mean age was 68 years (M: F = 16:9), while mean time since treatment was 4.98 years (range 0.3-9.58 years). Appraisal of scars was significantly higher in the ECT cohort versus SE ( p = 0.034). Cancer worry was equivalent across both cohorts ( p = 0.804). According to treatment type, no correlation was detected between time since treatment and both appraisal of scars (ECT p = 0.466 and SE p = 0.214) and adverse effects (ECT p = 0.924 and SE p = 0.139). Conclusion: Based on this study, ECT has superior scar outcomes and overall equivalence to SE. This demonstrates high patient satisfaction for those treated with ECT without any additional cancer worry.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1a68a0e52d36", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A case report of cryoablation and electrochemotherapy in kidney cancer", "authors": "Mastrandrea et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Medicine (Baltimore)", "doi": "10.1097/MD.0000000000027730", "pmid": "34766579", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Rationale: According to scientific literature, cryoablation (CA) and electrochemotherapy (ECT) have been used for the treatment of small renal masses. However, no data have been published regarding the combination of these techniques as therapy of primary kidney cancers. Therefore, we report the case of an old woman affected by localized kidney cancer and discuss the potential therapeutic application of CA combined with subsequent deep ECT in this setting. Patient concerns: An 85 years-old-woman was evaluated because of a localized kidney cancer. Her background history included long-time hypertension and diabetes mellitus in drug treatment. Diagnoses: In February 2018, the follow-up contrast enhancement computed tomography (ceCT) documented a suspected 18×10 mm metastasis at the lower right lobe of the lung. The ceCT also showed a suspected primary malignancy of 25×18 mm at right kidney. Interventions: The kidney cancer was treated with a two-phase procedure: percutaneous CA and subsequent deep ECT. Outcomes: Patient obtained a complete response according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, without renal function or quality of life impairment. No procedure-related complications were observed. Moreover, a shorter period of hospitalization and convalescence were needed respect to standard surgery. No sign of relapse was observed during follow-up period. Lessons: This combined strategy proved to be safe and effective. Moreover, the application of these blended loco-regional techniques showed several other advantages such as reduced hospitalization and a shorter period of convalescence respect to standard surgery.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-42ab9a076da9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the palliative management of non-skin-origin head and neck cancer: case series and UK national survey", "authors": "McCaffer et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Laryngol Otol", "doi": "10.1017/S0022215121002942", "pmid": "34689844", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objectives: Electrochemotherapy uses electric fields to facilitate the influx of chemotherapy into cancer cells, producing a targeted effect. For head and neck cancer, it is mainly used for palliation of non-skin-origin metastases. It is used infrequently in the UK. This paper presents our experience and a UK survey…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1e0418478dde", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Addendum: Perri et al. Electrochemotherapy as a First Line Treatment in Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity and Oropharynx PDL-1 Negative and/or with Evident Contraindication to Immunotherapy: A Randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial. Cancers 2021, 13, 2210", "authors": "Perri et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13143412", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Comments: We have some additional considerations about the recent published article by Perri et al [...]", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fc350b2d55ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Impact of electrochemotherapy in metastatic cutaneous melanoma: a contemporary systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Petrelli et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186x.2021.2006776", "pmid": "34889156", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) harnesses electric pulses to enhance cytotoxic drug delivery into tumors and has entered the armamentarium to treat superficially metastatic melanoma. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess treatment patterns and patient outcomes. Methods: PubMed, Medline…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ce5dd91c4359", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Outcomes of older adults aged 90 and over with cutaneous malignancies after electrochemotherapy with bleomycin: A matched cohort analysis from the InspECT registry", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2020.10.037", "pmid": "33183930", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: With extending life expectancy, more people are diagnosed with cutaneous malignancies at advanced ages and are offered nonsurgical treatment. We assessed outcomes of the oldest-old adults after electrochemotherapy (ECT). Methods: The International Network for Sharing Practices of ECT (InspECT) registry was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-fee66aea4e", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:sersa", "yil-farki:0", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fc46a7dcb0d3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium electroporation in primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma", "authors": "Stranzenbach et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.14583", "pmid": "34585827", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-de27d8376d83", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Mucosal Cancer of the Head and Neck A Systematic Review", "authors": "Strojan et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13061254", "pmid": "33809141", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local ablative treatment that is based on the reversible electroporation and intracellular accumulation of hydrophilic drug molecules, which greatly increases their cytotoxicity. In mucosal head and neck cancer (HNC), experience with ECT is limited due to the poor accessibility of tumors. In order to review the experience with ECT in mucosal HNC, we undertook a systematic review of the literature. In 22 articles, published between 1998 and 2020, 16 studies with 164 patients were described. Curative and palliative intent treatment were given to 36 (22%) and 128 patients (78%), respectively. The majority of tumors were squamous cell carcinomas (79.3%) and located in the oral cavity (62.8%). In the curative intent group, complete response after one ECT treatment was achieved in 80.5% of the patients, and in the palliative intent group, the objective (complete and partial) response rate was 73.1% (31.2% and 41.9%). No serious adverse events were reported during or soon after ECT and late effects were rare (19 events in 17 patients). The quality-of-life assessments did not show a significant deterioration at 12 months post-ECT. Provided these preliminary data are confirmed in randomized controlled trials, ECT may be an interesting treatment option in selected patients with HNC not amenable to standard local treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d4671066b3de", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Case Report: Exceptional Response to Avelumab After Failure of Electrochemotherapy in a Patient With Rapidly Progressive, PD-L1-Negative Merkel Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Torchio et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2021.628324", "pmid": "34221958", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "This case report shows, for the first time, a patient experiencing a complete response after one dose of avelumab following extensive disease progression with prior electrochemotherapy (ECT) treatment. We suggest that ECT may help to establish a tumor microenvironment favorable to immunotherapy. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly aggressive skin cancer with seldom durable chemotherapy responses. ECT has recently emerged as a potential treatment option for several malignancies, including MCC. Avelumab, an anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody, became the first approved treatment for patients with metastatic MCC. ECT has been shown to activate the immune response, but it is still unknown how ECT may affect patient's response to subsequent immunotherapy. We report a case of a patient with MCC who presented with a rapidly growing skin nodule of the right cheek and experienced extensive disease progression following surgical debulking and ECT treatment. The patient received a flat dose of 800 mg avelumab intravenously every 2 weeks showing complete tumor regression after only one dose. Immunohistochemical analysis of surgical and post-ECT biopsies collected from the primary lesion revealed tumor expression of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), but not PD-L1. Analysis of the tumor samples also revealed no expression of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Comparison of the biopsies showed a decrease in myeloid and T-cell markers after ECT but an increase in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression on tumor cells. Additionally, the patient experienced an increase in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and lactate dehydrogenase values post-ECT, which subsequently decreased with avelumab treatment. As of 30 October 2019, the patient was still receiving avelumab treatment and had an ongoing complete response. In this case report, a patient with PD-L1-negative and MCPyV-negative MCC who had disease progression following ECT experienced complete tumor regression with avelumab treatment, suggesting, for the first time to our knowledge, that ECT may help to establish a tumor microenvironment favorable to immunotherapy via a potential abscopal effect. Tumor-intrinsic PD-1 expression and modulation of MHC class I antigens after ECT may contribute to the clinical efficacy of avelumab in this context.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e7e8ae18a81c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Study protocol designed to investigate tumour response to calcium electroporation in cancers affecting the skin: a non-randomised phase II clinical trial", "authors": "Vissing", "year": 2021, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046779", "pmid": "34135049", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Skin malignancy is a distressing problem for many patients, and clinical management is challenging. This article describes the protocol for the Calcium Electroporation Response Study (CaEP-R) designed to investigate tumour response to calcium electroporation and is a descriptive guide to calcium electroporation treatment of malignant tumours in the skin. Calcium electroporation is a local treatment that induces supraphysiological intracellular calcium levels by intratumoural calcium administration and application of electrical pulses. The pulses create transient membrane pores allowing diffusion of non-permeant calcium ions into target cells. High calcium levels can kill cancer cells, while normal cells can restore homeostasis. Prior trials with smaller cohorts have found calcium electroporation to be safe and efficient. This trial aims to include a larger multiregional cohort of patients with different cancer diagnoses and also to investigate treatment areas using MRI as well as assess impact on quality of life. Methods and analysis: This non-randomised phase II multicentre study will investigate response to calcium electroporation in 30 patients with cutaneous or subcutaneous malignancy. Enrolment of 10 patients is planned at three centres: Zealand University Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein. Response after 2 months was chosen as the primary endpoint based on short-term response rates observed in a prior clinical study. Secondary endpoints include response to treatment using MRI and change in quality of life assessed by questionnaires and qualitative interviews. Ethics and dissemination: The trial is approved by the Danish Medicines Agency and The Danish Regional Committee on Health Research Ethics. All included patients will receive active treatment (calcium electroporation). Patients can continue systemic treatment during the study, and side effects are expected to be limited. Data will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and made available to the public. Trial registration numbers: NCT04225767 and EudraCT no: 2019-004314-34.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9351834a688d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for metastatic cutaneous melanoma", "authors": "Bastrup et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186X.2022.2057199", "pmid": "35484987", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a treatment method, which uses electroporation to permeabilize the cell membrane and improve the delivery of chemotherapy into cells, thus increasing the cytotoxic effe...", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-3e507f26f3a7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin for patients with cutaneous malignancies, across tumour histology: a systematic review", "authors": "Bastrup et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186X.2022.2110385", "pmid": "36036195", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an established treatment for primary and secondary cutaneous tumours. The method combines chemotherapy with electroporation, thus increasing the cytotoxic effect of the chemotherapeutic drug. Bleomycin is the drug of choice for ECT, as it is already well established as a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-db2b806327ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Comparison of general anesthesia and continuous intravenous sedation for electrochemotherapy of head and neck skin lesions", "authors": "Benedik et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.1011721", "pmid": "36465339", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy of cutaneous tumor nodules requires local or general anesthesia. For multiple and larger nodules, general anesthesia is recommended by standard operating procedures. The choice of general anesthesia is at the discretion of the treating center. Continuous intravenous sedation is also an option. Our study aimed to elucidate the tolerability, safety and possible advantages of continuous intravenous sedation in comparison to general anesthesia in patients undergoing electrochemotherapy. Patients and methods: In the prospective study, 27 patients undergoing electrochemotherapy were either under general anesthesia or under continuous intravenous sedation. Evaluated were different endpoints, such as feasibility and safety, duration of anesthesia and compliance with the patients. Results: Ten patients were treated under general anesthesia, and 17 patients were under continuous intravenous sedation. The comparison of the approaches indicated that continuous intravenous sedation required a lower overall dosage of propofol, a shorter duration of anesthesia, a shorter time to reach an Aldrete score >8, and greater satisfaction of the patients with the procedure compared to general anesthesia. Conclusion: The results indicate the feasibility and safety of continuous intravenous sedation for patients undergoing electrochemotherapy of cutaneous tumor nodules. This proved the preferred choice of anesthesia due to its shorter duration and better compliance with the patients compared to general anesthesia.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-acfc3eb95f26", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: The INSPECT experience (2008-2020)", "authors": "Bertino et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.951662", "pmid": "36203425", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a frequent skin cancer with a high risk of recurrence characterized by tumor infiltration and, in advanced cases, a poor prognosis. ECT (electrochemotherapy) is an alternative treatment option for locally advanced or recurrent cSCC that is unsuitable for surgical resection. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the data in the InspECT (International Network for Sharing Practice on ECT) registry of the referral centers and to clarify the indications for the use of ECT as a treatment modality for cSCC. Materials and methods: Patients with primary, recurrent or locally advanced cSCC from 18 European centers were included. They underwent at least one ECT session with bleomycin between February 2008 and November 2020, which was performed following the European Standard Operating Procedures. Results: The analysis included 162 patients (mean age of 80 years; median, 1 lesion/patient). Side effects were mainly local and mild (hyperpigmentation, 11%; ulceration, 11%; suppuration, 4%). The response to treatment per patient was 62% complete and 21% partial. In the multivariate model, intravenous drug administration and small tumor size showed a significant association with a positive outcome (objective response). One-year local progression-free survival was significantly better (p<0.001) in patients with primary tumors (80% (95% C.I. 70%-90%) than in patients with locally advanced disease (49% (95% C.I. 30%-68%). Conclusion: In the present study, ECT showed antitumor activity and a favorable safety profile in patients with complex cSCC for whom there was no widely accepted standard of care. Better results were obtained in primary and small tumors (<3 cm) using intravenous bleomycin administration.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c3f62798b376", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma with Electrochemotherapy: Insights from the InspECT Registry (2008-2019)", "authors": "Bertino et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol29080423", "pmid": "36005161", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "This prospective registry-based study aims to describe electrochemotherapy (ECT) modalities in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) patients and evaluate its efficacy, safety, and predictive factors. The International Network for Sharing Practices of Electrochemotherapy (InspECT) multicentre database was queried for BCC cases treated with bleomycin-ECT between 2008 and 2019 (n = 330 patients from seven countries, with 623 BCCs [median number: 1/patient; range: 1-7; size: 13 mm, range: 5-350; 85% were primary, and 80% located in the head and neck]). The procedure was carried out under local anaesthesia in 68% of cases, with the adjunct of mild sedation in the remaining 32%. Of 300 evaluable patients, 242 (81%) achieved a complete response (CR) after a single ECT course. Treatment naïvety (odds ratio [OR] 0.35, 95% confidence interval [C.I.] 0.19-0.67, p = 0.001) and coverage of deep tumour margin with electric pulses (O.R. 5.55, 95% C.I. 1.37-21.69, p = 0.016) predicted CR, whereas previous radiation was inversely correlated (O.R. 0.25, p = 0.0051). Toxicity included skin ulceration (overall, 16%; G3, 1%) and hyperpigmentation (overall, 8.1%; G3, 2.5%). At a 17-month follow-up, 28 (9.3%) patients experienced local recurrence/progression. Despite no convincing evidence that ECT confers improved outcomes compared with standard surgical excision, it can still be considered an opportunity to avoid major resection in patients unsuitable for more demanding treatment. Treatment naïvety and coverage of the deep margin predict tumour clearance and may inform current patient selection and management.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a474474df053", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Health-related quality of life trajectories in melanoma patients after electrochemotherapy: real-world insights from the InspECT register", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.18456", "pmid": "35870122", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) effectively controls skin metastases from cutaneous melanoma. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in melanoma patients pre-/post-ECT and its effect on treatment outcome. Methods: The analysis included prospective data from the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca28ccf98170", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Prospective cohort study by InspECT on safety and efficacy of electrochemotherapy for cutaneous tumors and metastases depending on ulceration", "authors": "Claussen et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.14699", "pmid": "35384261", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective local treatment for cutaneous tumors. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ECT in ulcerated vs. non-ulcerated tumors and investigate the effect on tumor-associated symptoms. Methods: Twenty cancer centers in the International Network for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b425e3f4bf70", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Prospektive Kohortenstudie von InspECT zur Sicherheit und Wirksamkeit der Elektrochemotherapie bei Hauttumoren und Metastasen in Abhängigkeit von Ulzeration", "authors": "Claussen et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.14699_g", "pmid": "35446500", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Hintergrund: Elektrochemotherapie (ECT) ist eine wirksame lokale Behandlung von Hauttumoren. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Wirksamkeit der ECT bei ulzerierten gegenüber nichtulzerierten Tumoren zu vergleichen und den Effekt auf tumorassoziierte Symptome zu untersuchen. Methodik: 20 Krebszentren des International…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca9619703e35", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "The use of electrochemotherapy to treat an oral mucocutaneous fibrosarcoma in a central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)", "authors": "Doneley et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine", "doi": "10.1053/j.jepm.2022.02.008", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) are one of the most popular reptile pets globally. As their longevity increases with better care and nutrition, conditions common to many older animals, such as neoplasia, may be increasing in incidence. Many tumours are not amenable to surgical resection and are poorly…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a0c3143ba640", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The role of electrochemotherapy in dermal metastases", "authors": "Li", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.27090", "pmid": "36112322", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Wai‐Yee Li MD, PHD We thank our learned colleagues, Campana and Gehl, for drawing our carcinoma of head and neck, and others.1 We would like to thank attention to the promising results on the management of skin Campana and Gehl for their positive feedback on our paper and metastases using electrochemotherapy (ECT). The primary focus of humbly suggest that they might consider their own publication our paper was to review the role of surgical excision in cutaneous focusing on ECT management on cutaneous metastases. This would metastasis in breast cancer patients. Given the wide range of further highlight the high response rate in these patients and allow nonsurgical treatment modalities available, we thought it would be cancer centers worldwide to consider making this a more mainstream helpful and interesting for the reader, to include an overview of method of treatment. these.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-76ccbe45ca32", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in cutaneous tumors our experience", "authors": "Mascherini et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2021.12.290", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-4a08eeb60b98", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "1295TiP Investigation of calcium electroporation (CaEP) therapy in malignant cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours: A non-randomized phase II clinical trial of a novel palliative therapy", "authors": "Pervan et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Annals of Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1427", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ] }, { "id": "ref-ad07f91464a3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a curative therapeutic approach for basal cell carcinoma of the eyelids", "authors": "Schmelter et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.14747", "pmid": "35499205", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-ac884f01dc9c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intratumoral electroporation of a self-amplifying RNA expressing IL-12 induces antitumor effects in mouse models of cancer", "authors": "Silva-Pilipich et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Mol Ther Nucleic Acids", "doi": "10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.020", "pmid": "36035753", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Alphavirus vectors based on self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) generate high and transient levels of transgene expression and induce innate immune responses, making them an interesting tool for antitumor therapy. These vectors are usually delivered as viral particles, but it is also possible to administer them as RNA. We…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7ca2a3fa02f6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Laparoscopic electrochemotherapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Technological advancement", "authors": "Trotovsek et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.996269", "pmid": "36439427", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an effective treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Electrochemotherapy for HCC was initially used in the setting of open surgery. Recently, with the development of newer electrodes, percutaneous approaches have also been performed. However, laparoscopic application of electrochemotherapy for HCC has not yet been described. Two patients with unresectable HCC were enrolled in the study. The first patient was not suitable for the percutaneous approach because the tumor was located close to the gallbladder. He also had symptomatic gallstones. The second patient had HCC in close proximity to the stomach and was therefore not suitable for percutaneous access or any other ablative technique. Thus, the laparoscopic approach was chosen, using newly developed Stinger electrodes for the application of electric pulses. After intravenous administration of bleomycin, several sets of electric pulses were delivered to the whole tumor mass in both patients. Ultrasonographically, the coverage of the whole tumor was verified, as described previously. Cholecystectomy was also performed in the first patient. Follow-up abdominal computed tomography showed a complete response of the treated lesions in both patients. Minimally invasive laparoscopic electrochemotherapy is safe, feasible and effective method for the treatment of HCC. It could be used in patients in whom the percutaneous approach is unsafe (proximity to other organs) and in patients with concomitant symptomatic gallstones in whom cholecystectomy is already indicated. This technological approach thus allows broader and minimally invasive clinical applicability of electrochemotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2296439f72c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "[Translated article] RF—Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Primary and Secondary Skin Tumors", "authors": "Vega Díez et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas", "doi": "10.1016/j.ad.2021.05.031", "pmid": null, "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-267327448c37", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Synergistic In Vitro Anticancer Toxicity of Pulsed Electric Fields and Glutathione", "authors": "Wolff et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms232314772", "pmid": "36499100", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Despite continuous advancement in skin cancer therapy, the disease is still fatal in many patients, demonstrating the need to improve existing therapies, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT). ECT can be applied in the palliative or curative setting and is based on the application of pulsed electric fields (PEF), which by themselves exerts none to low cancer toxicity but become potently toxic when combined with low-dosed chemotherapeutics such as bleomycin and cisplatin. Albeit their favorable side-effect profiles, not all patients respond to standard ECT, and some responders experience tumor recurrence. To identify potential adjuvant or alternative agents to standard electrochemotherapy, we explored the possibility of combining PEF with a physiological compound, glutathione (GSH), to amplify anticancer toxicity. GSH is an endogenous antioxidant and is available as a dietary supplement. Surprisingly, neither GSH nor PEF mono treatment but GSH + PEF combination treatment exerted strong cytotoxic effects and declined metabolic activity in four skin cancer cell lines in vitro. The potential applicability to other tumor cells was verified by corroborating results in two leukemia cell lines. Strikingly, GSH + PEF treatment did not immediately increase intracellular GSH levels, while levels 24 h following treatment were enhanced. Similar tendencies were made for intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, while extracellular ROS increased following combination treatment. ROS levels and the degree of cytotoxicity could be partially reversed by pre-incubating cells with the NADPH-oxidase (NOX) inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and the H 2 O 2 -degrading enzyme catalase. Collectively, our findings suggest a promising new \"endogenous\" drug to be combined with PEF for future anticancer research approaches.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e692aa808e15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intralesional Treatments for Invasive Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Baeza-Hernández et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16010158", "pmid": "38201585", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most frequent cancer in humans and has the potential to progress locally, metastasize, and cause death in a subset of patients. cSCC is especially common in the elderly, and it will probably represent a major health concern in the near future. Surgery is the standard treatment for cSCC, but intralesional therapies can sometimes be considered for certain patients and under certain circumstances. The choice of intralesional treatment depends on the patient's characteristics and the clinician's previous experience and expertise. Here we are reviewing intralesional treatments for cSCC and keratoacanthoma (KA). We have started with some classic drugs, such as methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil, bleomycin, interferon, and cryosurgery, but also comment on electrochemotherapy. Finally, we have focused on novel therapies, some of which are under development, and future perspectives, including intralesional immunotherapy and oncolytic viruses.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e6f5a04f98b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in plastic surgery: New perspectives from the pandemic experience in the treatment of advanced skin cancers in elderly and frail patients", "authors": "Bonadies et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Il Giornale di Chirurgia - Journal of the Italian Association of Hospital Surgeons", "doi": "10.1097/IA9.0000000000000034", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the surgical units involved in the treatment of skin cancers could continue their activities, but the reevaluation of cases and the adaptation of the surgical approach, to limit access and hospital stays, proved to be mandatory. The study aims to demonstrate how the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-095eb9edd4cc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Role of Percutaneous Ablation in the Management of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma", "authors": "Charalampopoulos et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": "10.3390/medicina59071186", "pmid": "37511998", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an invasive cancer accounting for <1% of all cancers and 10-15% of primary liver cancers. Intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) is associated with poor survival rates and high post-surgical recurrence rates whilst most diagnosed patients are not surgical candidates. There is a growing literature suggesting percutaneous ablative techniques for the management of patients with iCCA measuring ≤3 cm with contraindications to surgery as well as for recurrent or residual tumors aiming to provide local cancer treatment and control. Most used ablative therapies for iCCA include radiofrequency and microwave ablation with irreversible electroporation, cryoablation and reversible electroporation (electrochemotherapy) being less commonly encountered techniques. Due to the infiltrative margins of the lesion, there is a need for larger safety margins and ablation zone; multi-apparatus ablation or other variations of the technique such as balloon-assisted approaches can be utilized aiming to increase size of the zone of necrosis. The present review paper focuses upon the current role of percutaneous ablative techniques for the therapeutic management of iCCA. The purpose of this review is to present the current minimally invasive ablative techniques in the treatment of iCCA, including local control and survival rates.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2bfd1080b96a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Safety and Feasibility of Analgosedation for Electrochemotherapy of Liver Lesions", "authors": "Iezzi et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Life (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/life13030631", "pmid": "36983788", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Interventional Oncology treatments grant low-risk mini-invasive alternatives to surgery for cancer patients. Percutaneous ablative therapies represent a cornerstone for treatment of liver cancer patients. Among these, a newly emerging one is represented by electrochemotherapy. Improvements in analgesia and sedation can nowadays offer optimal support for ablative procedures, serving as a valid alternative to general anesthesia. The intention of this retrospective monocentric study is to report our preliminary experience on feasibility and safety of electrochemotherapy for treatment of complex liver tumors unfit for thermal ablation, using analgosedation instead of general anesthesia. Five patients were enrolled in the study, undergoing electrochemotherapy under analgosedation. Mean procedural time and hospitalization time were recorded. Immediate post-procedural cone-beam CT showed complete coverage of the lesion without complications. One-month CT examination showed an overall response rate of 100% (four complete responses, one partial response). Electrochemotherapy under analgosedation seems to be a safe, feasible, and effective option for liver cancer patients not amenable to other ablative techniques.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-79538e2f25bd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "High-Frequency Electroporation and Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Cutaneous Malignancies: Evaluation of Early Clinical Response", "authors": "Lyons et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15123212", "pmid": "37370822", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "High-frequency electroporation (HF-EP) with chemotherapy is a novel therapy proposed for both curative and palliative treatment of cutaneous malignancies. The use of high-frequency biphasic pulses is thought to reduce the painful muscle contractions associated with traditional electrochemotherapy (ECT), allowing treatment administration under local anaesthesia. This proof-of-concept study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of HF-EP protocols on a variety of cutaneous malignancies. A total of 97 lesions of five different histological subtypes were treated across 25 patients. At 12 weeks post-treatment, a 91.3% overall lesion response rate was observed (complete response: 79%; partial response: 12.3%), with excellent intraprocedural patient tolerability under local anaesthetic. HF-EP with chemotherapy shows promising results regarding tumour response rates for cutaneous malignancies of varying histological subtypes when compared to traditional ECT protocols. Improved patient tolerability is important, increasing the possibility of treatment delivery under local anaesthesia and potentially broadening the treatment envelope for patients with cutaneous malignancies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3a63125a1a2a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy vs radiotherapy in the treatment of primary cutaneous malignancies or cutaneous metastases from primary solid organ malignancies: A systematic review and narrative synthesis", "authors": "McMillan et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0288251", "pmid": "37440502", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy has gained international traction and commendation in national guidelines as an effective tool in the management of cutaneous malignancies not amenable to surgical resection. Despite this, no level 5 evidence exists comparing it to radiotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous malignancies. This systematic review aimed to examine the literature directly and indirectly comparing electrochemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of primary cutaneous malignancies or cutaneous metastases from primary solid organ malignancies. Materials & methods: The protocol for this review was registered on the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews with the protocol ID CRD42021285415. Searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were undertaken from database inception to 28 December 2021. Studies in humans comparing treatment with electrochemotherapy to radiotherapy and reporting tumour response with a minimum four week follow-up were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Results are provided as a narrative synthesis. Results: Two case series with a total of 92 patients were identified as relevant to this study. Both case series examined patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. One case series examined elderly patients with predominantly head/neck lesions. The other examined younger patients with predominantly limb lesions who had cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma directly attributable to a rare skin condition. Conclusion: There is little literature presenting comparative data for electrochemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of primary cutaneous malignancies or cutaneous metastases. Included studies were marred by serious risk of bias particularly due to confounding. The inherent bias and heterogeneity of the included studies precluded synthesis of a consolidated comparison of clinical outcomes between the two therapies. Further research is required in this domain in the form of clinical trials and observational studies to inform guidelines for electrochemotherapy treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bc5276c6549c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline for diagnosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma-update 2023", "authors": "Peris et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113254", "pmid": "37604067", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant tumour in white populations. Multidisciplinary experts from European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), European Dermatology Forum, European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes, and the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology developed updated recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of BCC. BCCs were categorised into 'easy-to-treat' (common) and 'difficult-to-treat' according to the new EADO clinical classification. Diagnosis is based on clinico-dermatoscopic features, although histopathological confirmation is mandatory in equivocal lesions. The first-line treatment of BCC is complete surgery. Micrographically controlled surgery shall be offered in high-risk and recurrent BCC, and BCC located on critical anatomical sites. Topical therapies and destructive approaches can be considered in patients with low-risk superficial BCC. Photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for superficial and low-risk nodular BCCs. Management of 'difficult-to-treat' BCCs should be discussed by a multidisciplinary tumour board. Hedgehog inhibitors (HHIs), vismodegib or sonidegib, should be offered to patients with locally advanced and metastatic BCC. Immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibodies (cemiplimab) is a second-line treatment in patients with a progression of disease, contraindication, or intolerance to HHI therapy. Radiotherapy represents a valid alternative in patients who are not candidates for or decline surgery, especially elderly patients. Electrochemotherapy may be offered when surgery or radiotherapy is contraindicated. In Gorlin patients, regular skin examinations are required to diagnose and treat BCCs at an early stage. Long-term follow-up is recommended in patients with high-risk BCC, multiple BCCs, and Gorlin syndrome.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "indexTypes": [ "Practice Guideline", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2953162cc09a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "DS12 Experience of electrochemotherapy in cutaneous tumours and skin metastases within a UK specialist", "authors": "Salence et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "British Journal of Dermatology", "doi": "10.1093/bjd/ljad113.251", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has gained recognition as an effective treatment that uses electrical pulses to permeabilize cell membranes in tumours, enhancing the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence suggests use of ECT for the management of primary basal cell carcinoma…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c4c7da7d612d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline for invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: Part 2. Treatment-Update 2023", "authors": "Stratigos et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113252", "pmid": "37708630", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "In order to update recommendations on treatment, supportive care, education, and follow-up of patients with invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), a multidisciplinary panel of experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Society for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "indexTypes": [ "Practice Guideline" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e0e3073be73a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Qualitative Investigation of Experience and Quality of Life in Patients Treated with Calcium Electroporation for Cutaneous Metastases", "authors": "Vestergaard", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15030599", "pmid": "36765556", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "(1) Background: Calcium electroporation is a novel cancer treatment. It includes injecting calcium-solution and applying electric pulses to tumour tissue. Data on quality of life for patients with cutaneous metastases treated with calcium electroporation is limited. We evaluated quality of life in patients with skin metastases treated with calcium electroporation using qualitative interviews. (2) Methods: This investigation featured a subgroup from a non-randomised phase II study (CaEP-R) at Zealand University Hospital, Denmark, studying response to calcium electroporation in cutaneous metastasis (ClinicalTrials no. NCT04225767). Participants were interviewed at baseline before calcium electroporation treatment and after two months. Data was analysed phenomenologically; (3) Results: Interviews were conducted February 2020-November 2021. Nine patients were included, of which seven participated in both interviews. All seven patients expected treated tumours to disappear, symptom relief and minimal side effects. Most patients requested peer accounts. All patients found the treatment uncomfortable but acceptable; all thought their fears of electric pulses exceeded their experience. All would repeat the treatment if effective. Successful treatment had a positive effect on pain, symptomatic wounds, sleep, vigour and social inclination; (4) Conclusions: Calcium electroporation enhanced health-related quality of life by reducing symptoms and increasing social inclination. Peer accounts provide patients with a shortcut to confidence in treatment on top of doctors' recommendations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3252836b1db6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium electroporation in cutaneous metastases - A non-randomised phase II multicentre clinical trial", "authors": "Vissing et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2023.04.024", "pmid": "37268521", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous metastases can cause distressing symptoms and be challenging to treat. Local therapies are essential in management. Calcium electroporation uses calcium and electrical pulses to selectively kill cancer cells. This multicentre study aimed to define response in cutaneous metastases across different…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9f2396b5a005", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "New advances in treatment of skin malignant tumors with nanosecond pulsed electric field: A literature review", "authors": "Zhou et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108366", "pmid": "36641842", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Nanosecond pulsed electric field, with its unique bioelectric effect, has shown broad application potential in the field of tumor therapy, especially in malignant tumors and skin tumors. Main body: In this paper, we discuss the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of nanosecond pulsed electric field on three…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-628ffe86d64c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of a suspected extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus )", "authors": "Andrade et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Braz J Vet Med", "doi": "10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003324", "pmid": "39399861", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "An 8-year-old male rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) presented with a subcutaneous mass in the proximal region of the fourth and accessory digit measuring 5.5 x 3.5 x 5.2cm. The mass was non-alopecic and exhibited irregular surface, ulceration and necrosis with predominantly pale and light brown coloring. Radiography revealed no involvement of bone and adjacent periosteum. The mass was marginally resected and the electrochemotherapy (ECT) was performed on the surgical bed. Histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive reactions for Vimentin, Runx-2 and ki-67, leading to a diagnosis of extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS). This report described a case of ESOS in a rabbit, thereby delineating its clinical presentation, anatomopathological characteristics, diagnostic modalities and recommended therapeutic interventions. Um coelho macho de 8 anos ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) apresentava uma massa subcutânea na região proximal do quarto e acessório dígitos medindo 5,5 x 3,5 x 5,2 cm. A massa não era alopécica e exibia superfície irregular, ulceração e necrose com coloração predominantemente pálida e marrom clara. A radiografia não revelou envolvimento de tecido ósseo ou periósteo adjacente. A massa foi submetida à excisão marginal e foi realizada eletroquimioterapia do leito cirúrgico. Histopatologia e análise imuno-histoquímica revelaram reações positivas para vimentina, Runx-2 e ki-67, levando ao diagnóstico de osteossarcoma extraesquelético. Este relato descreve um caso de osteossarcoma extraesquelético em um coelho, delineando sua apresentação clínica, características anatomopatológicas, modalidades diagnósticas e intervenções terapêuticas recomendadas.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dc909bfe8fd7", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "L'elettrochemioterapia nel trattamento dei Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer", "authors": "Canala", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "Universita di Padova tip tezi", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-1b7014b97912", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as adjuvant treatment in a sinonasal mucosal melanoma in elderly patient: a case report", "authors": "Carpenè et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol", "doi": "10.1007/s00405-024-08606-z", "pmid": "38634895", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma (SNMM) is a rare but aggressive disease. Surgery with free margins, when feasible, is the treatment of choice. In the last three decades, electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as a local ablative procedure, performed with the Cliniporator, for cutaneous and mucosal tumours of different histology. We present a case report of an ECT treatment performed by means of a new endoscopic electrode, on an elderly patient affected by primary SNMM. Methods: An 88-year-old man with a diagnosis of SNMM (cT4aN0M0)-Stage IV, of the left nasal fossa presented at our institution. Symptoms were epistaxis and complete left nasal obstruction. He refused sinonasal extended surgery and radiotherapy. He underwent a tumor debulking followed by ECT exclusively for symptom control, with palliative intent. Results: The patient underwent SNMM debulking under general anaesthesia, followed by ECT on tumour margins. After the procedure, he had been free from symptoms for 5 months, with a good quality of life. Local recurrence was controlled with a new local debulking and ECT procedure on margins. The patient remained symptom free for the next 4 months. Seventeen months after diagnosis, the patient is mild symptomatic for sinonasal disease. Therefore, he developed a systemic disease progression. Conclusions: In our experience, ECT can be used as an adjuvant tool for symptom and local control in SNMM when extended surgery is out of curative intent or unfeasible. As expected, ECT does not appear to have any effect on systemic disease progression.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "public-domain" }, { "id": "ref-a866a83194ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and Calcium Electroporation on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells: An In-Vitro Investigation", "authors": "Lindelauf et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-024-03847-1", "pmid": "39227427", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Electrochemotherapy, clinically established for treating (sub)cutaneous tumors, has been standardized in the framework of the European Standard Operating Procedure on Electrochemotherapy (ESOPE). Due to common side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, recent advances focus on non-cytotoxic agents, like calcium, to induce cell death (calcium electroporation). Therefore, this study aims to determine the efficacy of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin or cisplatin, or calcium electroporation on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) in vitro using the ESOPE protocol. Methods: HepG2 cell viability was measured with a MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay after electrochemotherapy with the chemotherapeutic drugs bleomycin or cisplatin (0-20 µM), or after calcium electroporation (0-20 mM), to determine its efficacy on HepG2 cells in vitro using the ESOPE protocol (8 rectangular pulses, 1000 V/cm, 100 µs) compared to non-electroporated drug treatment. Results: Cell viability was significantly lower in electroporated samples, compared to their non-electroporated controls (27-75% difference). Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and calcium electroporation, reached (almost) complete cell death (- 1 ± 3% and 2.5 ± 2%), in the lowest concentration of 2.5 µM and 2.5 mM, respectively. Electrochemotherapy with 2.5 µM cisplatin, significantly decreased cell viability to only 68% (± 7%). Conclusion: Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin or cisplatin, or calcium electroporation were more effective in reducing the HepG2 cell viability in vitro using the ESOPE protocol compared to the non-electroporated drug treatments alone. When comparing electrochemotherapy, HepG2 cells are more sensitive to bleomycin than cisplatin, in similar concentrations. Calcium electroporation has the same effectiveness as electrochemotherapy with bleomycin, but calcium potentially has a better safety profile and several treatment advantages.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a9f96d9a2d64", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Stereotactic Percutaneous Electrochemotherapy as a New Minimal Invasive Treatment Modality for Primary and Secondary Liver Malignancies", "authors": "Luerken et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines12122870", "pmid": "39767776", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and Objectives : To report on the first results of safety, efficacy, and outcome of CT-navigated stereotactic percutaneous electrochemotherapy (SpECT) in patients with primary and secondary liver malignancies. Methods : This retrospective study included 23 consecutive lesions in 22 patients who underwent SpECT for primary and secondary malignant liver lesions with locally curative intention. The endpoints were primary technique efficacy (PTE), local tumor progression (LTP), time to progression (TTP), and occurrence of adverse events. Results : The mean maximum diameter of the treated lesions was 42 mm (range: 16 mm-72 mm). Eight lesions were hepatocellular carcinoma (34.8%), five lesions were colorectal liver metastases (21.7%), three lesions were cholangiocellular carcinoma (13.0%), and the other seven lesions were liver metastases from different primary cancers (30.4%). PTE was achieved for 22 lesions (95.7%). The mean follow-up time was 15 months (0-39 months). No LTP was observed. In six patients (27.3%), hepatic tumor progression was observed during follow-up with a mean TTP of 3.8 months (2-8 months). In 10 procedures (43.5%), minor complications (1 CIRSE Grade 2) and side effects occurred, but no major complications were observed. Conclusions : SpECT seems to be a safe and effective new local treatment modality for primary and secondary liver malignancies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5820dd30573a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy, a new therapy for patients with skin cancer in Latin America literature review", "authors": "Maglietti et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Mundo Saúde", "doi": "10.15343/0104-7809.202448e15462023I", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an innovative technology used to treat skin and mucosal cancers. It consists of intravenous administration of bleomycin followed by the application of electroporation pulses to the tumor at its margins. These pulses induce the formation of pores in the cell membrane, increasing the cytotoxic efficacy of bleomycin by more than 1,000- fold. As electroporation is a physical phenomenon, different types of tumors can be treated regardless of their histology. Generally, only one treatment session is needed to obtain a satisfactory response. Electrochemotherapy is a good option for recurrent tumors in which other therapies do not provide a response. Additionally, tumors can be shrunk with therapy, allowing for less aggressive surgeries and improving outcomes. Many treatment guidelines have begun to include the use of this non-ablative technique as a new treatment option when other therapies have failed or been rejected by the patient. Treatment is carried out on an outpatient basis with high response rates and few side effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-199a703948c5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A commentary on 'Electrochemotherapy for advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma: A European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices of electrochemotherapy (InspECT)'", "authors": "Sun et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1097/js9.0000000000001039", "pmid": "39042088", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Dear Editor, Angiosarcomas, which account for 1–2% of all head and neck sarcomas, are extremely rare malignancies that penetrate local structures through anaplastic vascular or lymphatic cells1,2. Campana et al.3 conducted a multi-institutional prospective cohort analysis on patients with locally advanced or metastatic cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) who received electrochemotherapy (ECT). As a result, ECT should be taken into consideration for advanced cAS since it generates a sustained response rate with little adverse effects. Reading about a prospective cohort spanning multiple institutions and including a sufficient number of patients and follow-ups is a pleasure. Twenty patients with advanced cAS in the limbs, breast/trunk, or scalp/face were recruited. The median size of the target tumors (n=51) was 2.3 cm (range, 1–20). The CTCAE v5.0 and RECIST v1.1 criteria, as well as visual analogue score (VAS) for pain, acceptance of retreatment, and the EQ-5D questionnaire, were recorded after 24 ECT courses were performed utilizing a 1–4 cm treatment safety margin around tumors. The objective response rate was 80%, with a 40% complete response rate. Skin ulceration and discomfort were symptoms of grade-3 poisoning, although there was no significant change in PRO (Patient-Reported Outcome) scores. In all, 13/14 individuals with ulcerated tumors had their bleeding under control. The local progression-free survival (LPFS) was 10.9 months, with a median overall survival of 12.5 months. There were some limitations to this investigation. First, some lingering confounding elements may have gone unnoticed. Older age, tumor size greater than 45 mm, and inability to get clean surgical margins are risk factors associated with a poor prognosis4. Second, because ECT was not the only treatment available, there may have been some bias. The study included five patients who had ECT in conjunction with surgical resection and three individuals who received ECT in conjunction with concurrent systemic treatment. Finally, the bias exists since there is no control group. A more extensive and multicenter study is needed to confirm this finding. Furthermore, to determine the optimal course of action, further in-depth prospective research, clinical trials, and analysis of indications and risk factors in diverse patient subgroups are required. The following aspects can be considered in future research designs: First, do a thorough multicenter analysis to confirm the current findings and investigate indications and risk factors in other patient groupings. Second, a larger number of people with advanced or metastatic cAS are included to ensure that the findings are applicable to all patient populations5. The purpose of this study is to see if ECT, a skin-directed treatment based on cytotoxic chemotherapy mixed with local electric pulses, may be utilized to treat advanced cAS. This issue has far-reaching ramifications for clinical practice. This multi-institutional prospective cohort study provides early evidence that ECT has a high sustained response rate with little side effects and should be evaluated as a treatment option for advanced cAS. Patient tolerance, local hemostasis, and long-term local control are all palliative benefits. Further research is needed to define appropriate scheduling, treatment safety margins, and conjunction with surgery. This proactive thinking provides useful guidance and incentive for the growth of this field of study. In conclusion, ECT has a high sustained response rate with little adverse effects and should be explored for advanced cAS. Ethical approval This manuscript is a comment. Don’t need ethical approval. Consent This manuscript is a comment. Don’t need patients’ consent. Source of funding Not applicable. Author contribution J.S. and Y.W.: study concept or design, data collection, data analysis or interpretation, and writing the paper; Y.L. and J.L.: data collection; M.Y.: study concept or design, writing, and revised the paper. Conflicts of interest disclosure This manuscript is a comment without conflicts of interest. Research registration unique identifying number (UIN) This manuscript is a comment. Don’t need UIN. Guarantor Min Yan. Data availability statement This manuscript is a comment. Don’t need a Data availability statement. However, all the data from the current study are publicly available. Provenance and peer review This manuscript is a comment without being invited.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-sa" }, { "id": "ref-f47e938b261b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "An Explorative Study on Calcium Electroporation for Low-risk Basal Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Wiegell et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Acta Derm Venereol", "doi": "10.2340/actadv.v104.19678", "pmid": "38712969", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "In electrochemotherapy, permeabilization of the cell membrane by electric pulses increases the anti-tumour effect of chemotherapeutics. In calcium electroporation, chemotherapy is replaced by calcium chloride with obvious benefits. This study explores the effect and underlying mechanisms of calcium electroporation on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ac8a9cd9ca78", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment benefit of electrochemotherapy for superficial squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis", "authors": "Wu et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Clin Transl Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12094-024-03522-4", "pmid": "38758386", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objective: Treating aggressive superficial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) poses challenges due to invasiveness. Palliative care is recommended for inoperable cases with extensive tumors near vital organs, risking disfigurement or functional impairment. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an emerging cutaneous tumor treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-50439cda85a4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Isolated hypoxic pelvic perfusion combined with electroporation is a valid alternative to traditional therapies for anal squamous cell carcinoma: a case study", "authors": "Aigner et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2025.1644317", "pmid": "40936687", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: We report a series of four patients with HPV-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the anus: two with non-previously treated grade G3 malignancies, and two with relapsing G2 tumors in progression after chemoradiation. Method: Chemo-naive patients were treated with isolated hypoxic pelvic perfusion, whereas the two patients with local recurrences both received isolated hypoxic pelvic perfusion and concomitant reversible electroporation. Results: The two patients without prior therapy showed a complete clinical and pathological response, one after two and one after three therapies. In the two patients with local recurrences, a clinico-pathological complete remission occurred after two isolated perfusions with electroporation. The two techniques combined produce highly effective drug exposure that leads to complete remission; subsequent blood purification by chemofiltration avoids toxic side effects and cumulative toxicity. The therapies caused no side effects affecting quality of life. No recurrences occurred in the observation period of 48, 27, 10 and 8 months. Conclusion: Isolated hypoxic pelvic perfusion with electroporation is an effective, low-toxicity valid alternative to traditional therapies for the treatment of anal squamous cell carcinoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-37b4cde84e48", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Percutaneous Image-Guided Ablation of Renal Cancer: Traditional and Emerging Indications, Energy Sources, Techniques, and Future Developments", "authors": "Chan", "year": 2025, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": "10.3390/medicina61030438", "pmid": "40142250", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Percutaneous image-guided ablation (IGA) has emerged as an established alternative to surgical management for small renal masses. This comprehensive review examines traditional and emerging indications, energy sources, techniques, and future developments in IGA for renal cancer treatment. Traditionally, IGA has been indicated for frail or comorbid patients, those with solitary kidneys or chronic kidney disease, and those with histologically proven renal cell carcinomas less than 4 cm in size. Recent evidence supports expanding these indications to include T1b or T2 tumours and hereditary or recurrent renal cell carcinomas. The use of IGA combined with pre-ablation transarterial embolisation is discussed herein. This review then explores traditional energy sources including radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and microwave ablation, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Emerging technologies such as irreversible electroporation and histotripsy, as promising alternatives, are then presented, highlighting their advantage of being able to treat tumours near critical structures. Future research priorities highlight the need to establish high-quality evidence through innovative trial designs, as well as taking patient-reported outcome measures into account. Health economic considerations are key to ensuring that ablation therapies are cost-effective. The integration of artificial intelligence and radiomics shows vast potential for improving patient selection and treatment outcomes. Additionally, the immunomodulatory effects of ablative therapies suggest possible synergistic benefits when combined with immunotherapy which also require exploration in future research. Technological advancement and research developments will continue to broaden the role of IGA in clinical practice.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e8870928b0f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Efficacy of gabapentin as pain management of T 2 -T 4 feline facial squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Ciccarelli et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-13767-w", "pmid": "40739323", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) presents an effective alternative for local tumor management, particularly valuable when surgery is not feasible. The side effects are generally mild, including local inflammation, edema, and changes in pigmentation or alopecia. However, severe side effects such as necrosis, dehiscence, or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3423daf1b0d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Cancers Affecting the Skin: Ten Years of Experience in a Tertiary Referral Hospital", "authors": "Covarelli et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Ann Ital Chir", "doi": "10.62713/aic.3718", "pmid": "39957122", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Aim: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines chemotherapy with an electric pulse to directly target tumor cells by increasing cell membrane permeability, facilitating the efficient uptake of chemotherapeutic agents by tumor cells and improving their therapeutic efficacy. It is widely used for treating skin metastatic nodules or metastases of subcutaneous tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study is to report the experience regarding the use of ECT in a tertiary referral hospital and explore its safety and efficacy in treating skin cancer. Methods: This study included 97 skin cancer patients treated with ECT at the Surgical Oncological Unit of the University of Perugia, Italy, between 2013 and 2024. ECT was performed using the Cliniporator® device (model EP02, IGEA, Carpi, Italy). The individuals with life expectancy greater than three months and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification of I-III were included in this study, while those with arrhythmia and allergies to bleomycin were excluded. Results: In this study, melanoma was the most frequently observed malignancy, accounting for 47.4% of all cases. A total of 46 melanoma patients aged between 42 and 93 years underwent ECT treatment. Most of these patients presented with in-transit metastases (67.4%) and often had multiple lesions (71.74%). Furthermore, 21 patients received only one session, while 25 underwent multiple sessions. Almost all procedures were performed with intravenous administration of bleomycin. However, in two cases, intralesional cisplatin was used for a recurrence of melanoma localized in the scalp. Notably, no adverse events were observed during ECT procedure. Moreover, most of the patients (70.45%) were alive one year after the first ECT session. The 5-year probability of survival was 24% after the first ECT session. Conclusions: Electrochemotherapy represents a safe and effective therapeutic strategy for various malignancies, with significant potential for future clinical applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-58ea414a1fda", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Curative Electrochemotherapy for Basal Cell Carcinoma Is Superior to Palliative in Elderly Patients", "authors": "Eisele", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Oncol Res Ther", "doi": "10.29011/2574-710X.10291", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent skin tumor worldwide.Electrochemotherapy (ECT) as an interventional treatment for BCC has been shown to be effective and is regarded an alternative treatment option if surgery is not feasible.Objectives: Our aim was to treat patients with curative (c) and palliative (p) intention and to compare results in terms of treatment response, survival and applicability.Methods: Complete response was intended in c, not in p. Day-surgical procedures were performed under sterile conditions with general or local anesthesia and heeded the published recommendations of the interdisciplinary pan-European expert panel.Bleomycin was intralesionally injected; we used a CE-certified generator with a four-pronged applicator and applied RECIST criteria.Follow-up examinations were scheduled after 4 weeks, 3 months and annually thereafter.Results: The palliative group (n=2) was significantly older than c (n=5), 95 +/-4.2 vs. 78 +/-3.1 years (p<0.0001,t-test).Survival was significantly shorter in p with 2.5 vs. 14.8 months in c (p<0.05, logRank-test).Complete (CR) or partial response (PR) was 0 % in p and 60 % (CR) or 40 % (PR) in c, respectively (p=0.0001, chi2-test).The bleomycin dosage significantly differed (p: 5250 +/-3182 vs. c: 1770 +/-1839 I.U., p<0.05, t-test) indicating larger and more extended disease in p.In p, ECT was performed under local anesthesia, and in c, general (n=3) and local (n=2) anesthesia was performed (p=0.33,chi2-test).Conclusions: ECT for BCC is safe and applicable.In p, no response at all was recorded, whereas c was successfully treated with predominantly complete response.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-sa" }, { "id": "ref-d1e50616c336", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for basal cell carcinoma in the head and neck region: 5-year follow-up from the Insp-ECT registry", "authors": "Groselj et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0040", "pmid": "40544511", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a cutaneous malignancy that typically appears in sun-exposed areas. We analyzed data from the Insp-ECT registry of all patients affected by BCC in the head and neck region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of electrochemotherapy (ECT) on a 5-year…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-be09b5fb4270", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long-term outcomes of reduced-dose bleomycin in electrochemotherapy for basal cell carcinoma in elderly patients", "authors": "Grošelj et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-93104-3", "pmid": "40258815", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive treatment option for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which is particularly advantageous in the elderly population. This study evaluated the long-term effects of treating BCC in older patients using ECT with a reduced dose of bleomycin (10,000 IU/m 2 ) and compared the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9021c427e7ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Basal &amp; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head &amp; Neck; A Prospective Study", "authors": "Heidari et al", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-7626682/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a nonthermal locoregional modality, has emerged as a promising alternative for management of basal and squamous cell carcinoma (BCC & SCC) in head and neck (H&N). It can address their substantial therapeutic challenges due to proximity to vital structures and high rates of functional and aesthetic impairment following conventional treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, survival outcomes, and quality-of-life benefits of ECT in a diverse cohort of H&N cancer patients. Method A prospective clinical study was conducted on 70 patients with cutaneous, soft tissue, and mucosal BCC / SCC of the H&N, who underwent ECT either as single mode modality or in combination with other therapeutic procedures. Logistic regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis were used to identify predictive response factors and survival assessment. Result The overall objective response rate of the tumors to ECT was 94.2%, with complete remission in 52.9% of patients. Tumor size ≤ 3 cm, BCC histology, primary presentation, and intratumoral injection were significantly associated with higher complete response rates (p < 0.001). One-year local progression-free survival (LPFS) and overall survival (OS) were 94.2% and 87.1%, respectively. The adverse events were mild and transient. In addition, significant post-treatment improvements were observed in pain, physical function, aesthetic and psychosocial well-being. Conclusion The results reinforce the clinical value of ECT and suggest that with appropriate patient selection and protocol optimization, its efficacy can be significantly enhanced across a broad range of H&N cancers.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a31b541fb9bf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Small Animal Oncology Practical Principles and Clinical Applications", "authors": "Holanda et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1089/bioe.2025.0011", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as an effective local treatment for cancer in dogs and cats. This technique consists of the transient and reversible permeabilization of cell membranes through the application of an electric field. The transient permeabilization increases the uptake of hydrophilic chemotherapeutic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2d454220e73d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "An Update on Cutaneous Metastases of Internal Malignancies", "authors": "Iorga et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": "10.3390/medicina61091570", "pmid": "41010962", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Skin metastases represent a rare finding in dermatological practice, but their presence signifies an advanced disease and usually portends a poor prognosis. They commonly arise as multiple painless nodules in patients with a cancer history. Differential diagnoses are challenging, and zosteriform metastases should not be mistaken for herpes zoster. Dermoscopy typically reveals a white, structureless pattern. A skin biopsy with routine hematoxylin-eosin staining is essential for an accurate diagnosis, while immunohistochemistry is particularly useful in cases of anaplastic tumors. Breast cancer is the most common cause of skin metastasis in women, and lung cancer is the most common in men. The life expectancy after diagnosis is generally low. Cutaneous metastasectomy, electrochemotherapy, and radiotherapy are generally regarded as beneficial for palliative purposes. Intralesional cryosurgery was found to be beneficial in a few case series. Systemic immunotherapy can induce the regression of cutaneous metastases in selected patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-697427664593", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of multiple basal cell carcinomas with electrochemotherapy a case series", "authors": "Koračin et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "EJC Skin Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcskn.2025.100325", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-59d86b49f2d1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Intralesional Treatment in a Captive Peregrine Falcon ( Falco peregrinus ) with Dermal Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Peña et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Animals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ani15070919", "pmid": "40218313", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Captive birds of prey often exceed their wild counterparts' lifespan, as seen in bald eagles ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus , ~20 years wild vs. ~40 years captive), golden eagles ( Aquila chrysaetos , ~32 years wild vs. ~46 years captive), and Andean condors ( Vultur gryphus , ~50 years wild vs. ~79 years captive), highlighting the impact of controlled environments on longevity. However, recent evidence suggests a rising incidence of neoplastic processes in these species. While previous studies have indicated a higher-than-expected prevalence of neoplasia in raptors, comprehensive research on this topic remains scarce. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a frequently reported neoplasm in pet birds, has been documented in birds of prey, though the literature on its prevalence and management is limited. Retrospective studies have identified SCC cases in peregrine falcons ( Falco peregrinus ), primarily affecting the flank or thigh, with locally invasive behavior and rare distant metastasis. Complete surgical excision is the preferred treatment for SCCs, yet its feasibility is often constrained by tumor invasiveness and anatomical limitations. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as a promising alternative, utilizing electroporation to enhance intracellular drug uptake while minimizing systemic toxicity. Bleomycin and cisplatin have been successfully used in avian intralesional chemotherapy, offering a potentially safer and effective treatment approach. ECT has demonstrated efficacy in various exotic species, yet its application in raptors remains largely unexplored. This case report describes the use of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin in a peregrine falcon diagnosed with SCC, contributing to the growing body of evidence supporting its clinical utility in avian oncology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3daebfaf9e72", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Quality of life changes after electrochemotherapy a prospective single-center analysis", "authors": "Rózsa et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-00782-0", "pmid": "40346162", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The rising prevalence of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors has driven interest in electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a potential treatment. However, patient-reported outcomes remain underexplored. This study aims to assess the short-term impact of ECT on the quality of life (QoL) of patients, addressing a gap in the current literature. A prospective study evaluated 62 patients treated with ECT between 2015 and 2022. QoL was measured using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire, calculating EQ-5D-index and assessing health state (EQ-VAS) and pain (pain-VAS). Subgroup analysis was conducted based on tumor histology, previous radiotherapy, and tumor size. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 29.0.0. The median age was 70 years, with a median follow-up of 47 days. Pre-treatment, 38.7% of patients reported pain/discomfort, and 24% had anxiety/depression. Post-treatment, these decreased to 32.2% and 19%, respectively. While the EQ-VAS and EQ-5D-3L scores showed a non-significant increase, pain-VAS decreased. Significant improvements were seen in patients with previous radiotherapy (EQ-VAS, p = 0.047; EQ-5D-index, p = 0.012) and smaller tumors (EQ-VAS, p = 0.035; pain-VAS, p = 0.029). ECT demonstrates a significant short-term benefit in maintaining or improving QoL in patients with cutaneous malignancies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-4604da9d06", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:rozsa", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-3daebfaf9e72" }, { "id": "ref-a370f505a0ac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Corrigendum to 'Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of basal cell tumours of the nasal planum in three cats'", "authors": "Salmoral et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "JFMS Open Rep", "doi": "10.1177/20551169251319267", "pmid": "40012923", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/20551169231213499.].", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc" }, { "id": "ref-56286bef518c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Phase I trial of phIL12 plasmid intratumoral gene electrotransfer in patients with basal cell carcinoma in head and neck region", "authors": "Strojan et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2025.109574", "pmid": "39799833", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Introduction: In the treatment of cancer, immunomodulatory approaches are developed to support the organism in fighting cancer or to enhance the immunomodulatory effects of local ablative techniques. To this end, we conducted an interventional, open-label, single-arm Phase I trial to evaluate the safety and tolerability of intratumoral phIL12 plasmid DNA gene electrotransfer as primary objectives. Methods: The study was dose-escalating with 3 consecutive cohorts of 3 patients per phIL12 dose level (0.5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml or 2 mg/ml) according to a matched 3 + 3 design. Recruitment of patients was staggered. The waiting period was 30 days after treatment of the previous patient, based on the expected duration of acute and subacute toxicity. Results: The results of this phase I clinical trial in basal cell carcinoma demonstrated the feasibility and safety of the phIL12 plasmid by gene electrotransfer. We were able to demonstrate that phIL12 gene electrotransfer induced local IL-12 production, which was accompanied with IFN-γ expression. Triggering of the immune response was demonstrated by increased infiltration of immune cells and some antitumor effect. Based on these data, we would recommend the use of a concentration of 2 mg/ml of the plasmid in future trials. Conclusion: The trial lays the foundation for future Phase II clinical trials in which phIL12 gene electrotransfer is used in combination with local tumor-ablative approaches, such as electrochemotherapy or radiotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-eda99edacde1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Management of Keratinocyte Carcinomas A Systematic Review", "authors": "Tan et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17111766", "pmid": "40507247", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Keratinocyte carcinomas, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), presents a growing concern. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), an emerging treatment modality, combines chemotherapy and electroporation to enhance drug delivery into cells. However, reviews evaluating ECT in keratinocyte carcinomas are lacking. Objectives: This study reviews the efficacy and toxicity of ECT in the treatment and palliation of keratinocyte carcinomas. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics, tumor response, long-term disease outcomes, and toxicity data were extracted. Quality of studies was assessed using validated tools. Primary endpoints included tumor response; secondary endpoints included long-term disease outcomes and toxicity. Results: Twenty-one studies were included. Complete response (CR) rates ranged from 50 to 100% and from 10 to 100% for BCC and SCC, respectively. OS rates ranged from 95 (14 months) to 100 (1 year) % and from 64 (1 year) to 85.1 (8.6 months) % for BCC and SCC, respectively. One-year local disease-free survival (LDFS) rates were 89% and 87% for BCC and SCC, respectively. For BCC, local progression-free survival (LPFS) rates were 96% (1 year), 90% (2 year), and 70% (5 year). For SCC, 1-year LPFS rates were 80% on a per-patient basis and 49% on a per-lesion basis. Conclusions: ECT is effective and tolerable in the treatment and palliation of keratinocyte carcinomas. Future studies should focus on improving reporting quality, optimizing treatment protocols, and investigating long-term outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec0e07720496", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial Investigating the Effect of Reduced Bleomycin in Electrochemotherapy Treatment on Patients with Cutaneous Metastases (The BLESS Trial)", "authors": "Tolstrup et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1177/25763113251377404", "pmid": "42428808", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Cutaneous metastases in patients with incurable cancer can severely impact quality of life, highlighting the need for minimally invasive treatment options. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) effectively treats tumors across various cancer types by combining a standard chemotherapy dose (15,000 IU/m 2 bleomycin) with electric pulses to enhance drug uptake, aiding in the destruction of the tumor cells. Studies evaluating reduced bleomycin dosage in ECT have shown positive outcomes. This study investigates whether halving the chemotherapy dosage during ECT for cutaneous tumors is as effective as standard ECT treatment. Methods: This double-blinded, randomized clinical trial will include 110 biopsy-verified cutaneous metastases of any cancer type from approximately 55 patients with incurable cancer. Patients will be randomly assigned (1:1 ratio) to receive either a full or half dose of bleomycin. The primary endpoint is overall tumor response after 3 months, assessed using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Biological samples during ECT will measure the distribution of bleomycin in normal tissue, tumors, and blood via liquid chromatography. In addition, the percentage of tumor cells will be correlated with bleomycin concentration. Side effects will be monitored, and qualitative interviews with a subset of patients before and after treatment will explore their experiences with cutaneous tumors and ECT. The study will be conducted at Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, and Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Gentofte. Discussion: Advances in cancer treatment have led to increased survival rates, and the patients we treat with ECT are often fragile. If the reduced bleomycin dose proves as effective as the standard dosage, it could reduce side effects and thereby benefit elderly, frail, and kidney-compromised patients. The findings of this study may be relevant not only to the treatment of cutaneous metastases but also to deep-seated tumors treated with ECT.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-987ed147f750", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The role of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced or recurrent eyelid-periocular basal cell carcinoma: long-term results", "authors": "Vass et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/ijd.17346", "pmid": "38924059", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: While electrochemotherapy (ECT) is increasingly utilized as a highly effective method in the treatment of tumors in the head and neck region, there is significantly less data available for eyelid-periocular skin tumors. Our group reported the first extensive case series of eyelid-periocular basal cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1dc91de8f40a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparison of selective intra-arterial to standard intravenous administration in percutaneous electrochemotherapy (pECT) for liver tumors", "authors": "Wilke et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0017", "pmid": "40014781", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local nonsurgical effective tumor treatment in the hand of the clinician for the treatment of patients with liver tumors or metastases. The study aimed to test the technical feasibility and safety of intra-arterial (i.a.) bleomycin administration compared to the established…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-884158371497", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Case Report: Endoscopic-guided electrochemotherapy combined with metronomic chemotherapy for the treatment of nasal tumors in dogs", "authors": "Maggi et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2026.1756592", "pmid": "41756582", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a local anticancer treatment used for selected cutaneous tumors, but its application in veterinary medicine for nasal neoplasms is only rarely reported. Two dogs with endonasal tumors, ineligible for radiotherapy, underwent endoscopic-guided electrochemotherapy (ECT). Each cycle included three sessions spaced 3 weeks apart. Under general anesthesia and endoscopic guidance, bleomycin (20,000 IU/m 2 ) was administered intravenously, followed by bipolar electroporation via a new single needle electrode. Palliative metronomic chemotherapy (piroxicam, thalidomide, and cyclophosphamide) was also administered as an adjuvant to the local treatment. Both dogs showed reduced tumor size and resolution of clinical signs after the third ECT session. Only mild intraoperative bleeding was observed. Follow-up CT and endoscopy confirmed significant volumetric tumor reduction and improved nasal airflow. Endoscopic-guided ECT combined with metronomic chemotherapy appears to be a promising palliative approach for canine endonasal tumors, providing tumor cytoreduction and improvement of clinical signs. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of this approach, either alone or in combination with other surgical or medical treatments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-05c8edac6a57", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Minimization of Cancellation Effect with Nisin During Bipolar Nanosecond Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Malyško et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms27104523", "pmid": "42196501", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Bipolar cancellation (BPC) is an efficiency-limiting phenomenon in bipolar nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) exposures, in which the second, opposite-polarity phase reduces or partially reverses the electroporation induced by the first phase. Nisin, a cationic antibiotic peptide, has been reported to interact with lipid membranes in bacterial systems and artificial bilayer models, where it may contribute to membrane destabilization and increased permeability during pulsed electric field exposure. This study investigated whether nisin may enhance the efficacy of bleomycin electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the presence of bipolar nanosecond pulses, which are typically associated with pronounced BPC effects. Pulsed electric field (PEF) parameters and drug concentrations were selected based on preliminary viability and Yo-Pro-1 uptake experiments in CLS-354 human squamous cell carcinoma cells. To evaluate the effect of nisin, cell viability and membrane permeabilization were assessed following exposure to 300 ns pulses across a range of bipolar PEF protocols, with or without nisin, while identical unipolar pulses were used for comparison. Nisin (50 µg/mL) increased membrane permeabilization across the tested range of field amplitudes (9-15 kV/cm) and burst repetition frequencies (0.1-1.66 MHz). The presence of nisin was also associated with increased efficacy of bleomycin-based ECT under both unipolar and symmetrical bipolar PEF conditions. Under the optimized parameters tested (13 kV/cm; 150 pulses of 300 ns at 1.66 MHz), bipolar nsPEFs in combination with nisin reached levels of efficacy comparable to those observed with unipolar waveforms, suggesting a potential attenuation of bipolar cancellation effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c44e214de9f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Treatment for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip A Case Report", "authors": "Nicolai et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Int Med Case Rep J", "doi": "10.2147/imcrj.s578531", "pmid": "42083574", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It may present as painless superficial lesions, or as rapidly growing, exophytic masses, sometimes ulcerated, which can invade and damage surrounding tissues. It is the second most common malignant neoplasm of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4eae831e57dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck a case report", "authors": "Nicolai et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Med Case Rep", "doi": "10.1186/s13256-026-05839-w", "pmid": "41588432", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Skin areas chronically exposed to solar radiation, such as the face, neck, scalp, and upper limbs, are at significantly increased risk of developing basal cell carcinoma. The objective of this case report is to describe the treatment of a basal cell carcinoma located on the chin using electrochemotherapy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0bb7d118756f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Non-Operable Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Infraorbital Region Treated With Electrochemotherapy: A Case Report", "authors": "Nicolai et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Clin Case Rep", "doi": "10.1002/ccr3.71434", "pmid": "41584396", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignant epithelial tumor of the skin, classified as a nonmelanoma skin cancer. It may develop from precancerous conditions such as chronic inflammatory dermatoses, actinic keratosis, or actinic cheilitis, but can also arise de novo. The aim of this case report is to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3c14c01e9fea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The Rising Power of Electrochemotherapy in Musculoskeletal Oncology", "authors": "Papalexis et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol33030143", "pmid": "41892171", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a minimally invasive treatment based on the principle of reversible electroporation of target cells in pathologic tissues in order to increase the local effect of chemotherapeutic agents. The mechanism of action relies on temporarily increasing cell permeability to increase the uptake of cytotoxic drugs in the intracellular space. Originally developed for the treatment of cutaneous malignancies, electrochemotherapy has significantly evolved over the past few decades, thanks to advancements in electrode design and image guidance, finding fertile ground in musculoskeletal oncological pathologies, such as bone and soft tissue tumors and different kinds of vascular malformations. Moreover, initial experiences have reported on the treatment of other soft tissue tumors such as desmoid fibromatosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature on the role of electrochemotherapy across a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, starting from established oncologic indications, such as metastatic bone or soft tissue tumors, to emerging evidence on primary musculoskeletal pathology, with particular attention paid to the results of the leading studies relating to the efficacy, complications, and recurrence rate.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2c4531282b2b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as Monotherapy Provides a Novel, Organ-Sparing, Long Term Treatment Option for Control of Feline Third Eyelid Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Report of Two Cases", "authors": "Peña et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Vet Ophthalmol", "doi": "10.1111/vop.70129", "pmid": "41485119", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common malignant eyelid tumors in cats, especially in white-haired individuals chronically exposed to sunlight. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), which combines bleomycin administration with transient membrane permeabilization through electric pulses, has…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c20ad8bfb616", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy and safety of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous and sub-cutaneous recurrence from breast cancer: A single-center cohort study", "authors": "Sena et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2026.111733", "pmid": "41795433", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous and subcutaneous recurrence of breast cancer represents a challenging clinical scenario, particularly in patients previously treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapies. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines electroporation with cytotoxic drug administration and has shown promising…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-be39e9b29bf2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reversible electroporation triggers the release of microvesicles affecting viability, migration, and adhesion of melanoma cells", "authors": "Szwedowicz et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Biomed Pharmacother", "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2026.119283", "pmid": "41895064", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation (EP) is widely applied in electrochemotherapy to enhance drug delivery by transient membrane permeabilization. However, its impact on intercellular communication mediated by extracellular microvesicles (MVs) remains poorly understood. Methods: This study investigated the effects of reversible EP on MV release and MV-mediated biological responses in human melanoma cell lines (A375, Me45) and keratinocytes (HaCaT). MVs were isolated by differential centrifugation and characterized by flow cytometry, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and CD63 detection. Functional effects of EP-derived MVs on recipient cells were evaluated using viability, migration, adhesion, and real-time impedance assays. Changes in focal adhesion kinase (FAK) levels and E- and N-cadherin expression were analyzed by ELISA and flow cytometry. Results: Reversible EP significantly increased MV release in a time- and cell line-dependent manner without altering vesicle size distribution. MVs derived from non-electroporated melanoma cells promoted proliferation, whereas EP-derived MVs inhibited proliferation, migration, and adhesion of melanoma cells. These effects were accompanied by reduced FAK levels and modulation of cadherin expression. Keratinocytes showed distinct responses, including a cadherin switch characterized by decreased E-cadherin and increased N-cadherin expression. Conclusion: Reversible electroporation alters not only MV secretion but also their biological activity, inducing MV-mediated bystander effects that suppress key pro-metastatic properties of melanoma cells. These findings suggest that electroporation may modulate the tumor microenvironment beyond membrane permeabilization, supporting its safety and therapeutic potential while highlighting cell type-specific effects that warrant further investigation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-73ead71a2571", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A Video Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial - Electrochemotherapy of Cutaneous Metastases with Reduced Dose Bleomycin (BLESS Trial)", "authors": "Tolstrup et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/70098", "pmid": "42372073", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous metastases in patients with incurable cancer represent a significant problem as they often cause pain, discomfort, and emotional distress that affect everyday life. Finding treatment options that are both effective and gentle is essential. ECT offers one such possibility. Here, short, high-voltage electrical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-813a99a349d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy: Experience in the Management of Primary and Secondary Cutaneous Tumors in a Spanish Tertiary Referral Center", "authors": "de Moraes-Souza et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Actas Dermosifiliogr", "doi": "10.1016/j.ad.2026.104641", "pmid": "41865978", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a localized and targeted form of chemotherapy used to treat various types of primary and secondary cutaneous tumors.1,2 This technique combines the administration of low-dose chemotherapeutic drugs (intravenous or intralesional bleomycin or intralesional cisplatin) with electrical pulses, which induce a transient opening of pores in the cell membrane, allowing large amounts of the chemotherapeutic agent to enter tumor cells and resulting in their destruction1−8 (Fig. 1).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-b18becca3b66", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy potentiation of antitumour effect of bleomycin by local electric pulses", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 1991, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/0277-5379(91)90064-k", "pmid": "1707289", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In cell culture the cytotoxicity of some anticancer drugs, especially bleomycin, can be greatly enhanced by exposing cells to non-cytotoxic electric pulses. Nude or conventional mice bearing subcutaneous transplanted tumours were treated with intramuscular doses of bleomycin followed by local delivery of electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9341eae38c0a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy, a new antitumor treatment. First clinical phase I-II trial", "authors": "M Belehradek, C Domenge, B Luboinski, S Orlowski, J Belehradek, L Mir", "year": 1993, "journal": "Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/1097-0142(19931215)72:12<3694::aid-cncr2820721222>3.0.co;2-2", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy is a new antitumor treatment consisting of electrical pulses administered to the tumor several minutes after intravenous injection of bleomycin. In mice, important antitumor effects were observed on subcutaneously transplanted tumors and on spontaneously occurring mammary carcinomas. Cures were obtained after one single treatment combining bleomycin and electric pulses. In humans, permeation nodules seemed a n adequate oncologic situation to assay this new procedure. The authors report the first Phase 1-11 trial of electrochemotherapy. Methods. Eight patients with 40 permeation nodules of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas were treated with 10 mg/mz bleomycin intravenous bolus, followed by four or eight short (100 psecondsl and intense (1300V/ cm) pulses administered through two external electrodes located on each side of the treated nodule. Results. An instantaneous painless contraction of the underlying muscles was regularly observed.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-aee8b38a78cf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy-a novel method of cancer treatment", "authors": "Dev et al", "year": 1994, "journal": "Cancer Treat Rev", "doi": "10.1016/0305-7372(94)90013-2", "pmid": "7507403", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "A critical review is presented on a novel method of treating cancer by a combination of an electric field with chemotherapeutic agents. The work described here summarizes the current state of the technique known as electrical impulse chemotherapy (EIC) or electrochemotherapy (ECT). The review discusses in vitro…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-30867fe8c1c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy variable anti-tumor effect on different tumor models", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 1994, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics", "doi": "10.1016/0302-4598(94)87006-3", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new approach in the treatment of tumors that takes advantage of the permeabilization of the cell membrane by electric pulses to facilitate the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into the cells. According to the procedures described previously, the anti-tumor effectiveness of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-50472eecf4ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Biomedical applications of electric pulses with special emphasis on antitumor electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 1995, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics", "doi": "10.1016/0302-4598(95)01823-W", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Short and intense electric pulses (EP) are regularly used in almost all molecular and cellular biology laboratories to introduce foreign DNA, as well as other exogeneous molecules, into living cells. Besides these in vitro applications, some in vivo applications have recently emerged. Biomedical application of EP is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-35aa4eee029c", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor Effectiveness of Electrochemotherapy with cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in Mice", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 1995, "journal": "Cancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "7614485", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "One of the ways to increase drug delivery into cells and tissues is by a local application of short, intense electric pulses, i.e., electropermeabilization. This approach is used in electrochemotherapy to potentiate antitumor effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs. To determine whether electropermeabilization can…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-16a2e6dfb430", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor electrochemotherapy: New advances in the clinical protocol", "authors": "C Domenge, S Orlowski, B Luboinski, T Baere, G Schwaab, J Belehradek", "year": 1996, "journal": "Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960301)77:5<956::aid-cncr23>3.0.co;2-1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new antitumor approach that combines systemic bleomycin (BLM) with electric pulses (EP) delivered locally at the tumor site. These EP permeabilize the cells in the tissue, allow BLM delivery inside the cells, and increase BLM cytotoxicity. As an extension of our initial Phase I trial on patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) permeation nodules, we tested variations of ECT protocol to determine how to improve it. METHODS. Seven patients with multiple and/or large permeation nodules of HNSCC or of salivary or breast adenocarcinoma were treated in 10 sessions. They received BLM followed by runs of four or eight short (100 p s ) and intense (1000 or 1300 V. cm-I) EP delivered at adjacent positions on the nodules to cover all of the tumor surface. RESULTS. We determined the therapeutic window for EP delivery to be between 8 and 28 minutes after BLM intravenous injection.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-245732534621", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy transition from laboratory to the clinic", "authors": "Garner et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag.", "doi": "10.1109/MEMB.1996.936254", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Although electroporation in the past has mainly been used as a research tool, recent work has demonstrated its potential for clinical applications. Some of the areas explored include electrochemotherapy (ECT), which utilizes electroporation as a means for delivering chemotherapeutic agents directly into tumor cells…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-94b37f0e5cc1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Enhanced effects of multiple treatment electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Jaroszeski et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-199612000-00004", "pmid": "9013480", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for cutaneous cancers. The treatment includes administering a chemotherapeutic agent followed by electric pulses which are applied directly to the tumour. The pulses facilitate delivery of drug through the plasma membrane. Enhanced delivery is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b54387b74c40", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bleomycin Revival of an old drug", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "Gen Pharmacol", "doi": "10.1016/0306-3623(95)02101-9", "pmid": "8842674", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "1. Bleomycin (BLM) is a cytotoxic drug currently used in anticancer chemotherapy. We present here a summary of the well established \"old\" knowledge concerning BLM structure, properties and activity at the molecular level, as well as its current clinical uses. 2. Then, we introduce \"new\" recent facts concerning BLM…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-266396659170", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Changing electrode orientation improves the efficacy of electrochemotherapy of solid tumors in mice", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics", "doi": "10.1016/0302-4598(95)01866-2", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new and promising approach in treatment of tumors employing locally applied high voltage d.c. electric pulses in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. Increased permeability of the plasma membrane, induced by electric pulses, enables the chemotherapeutic drugs to enter into the cytosol…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-267ea57199f8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Poloxamer 188 decreases susceptibility of artificial lipid membranes to electroporation", "authors": "Sharma et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79516-4", "pmid": "8968593", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "The effect of a nontoxic, nonionic block co-polymeric surface active agent, poloxamer 188, on electroporation of artificial lipid membranes made of azolectin, was investigated. Two different experimental protocols were used in our study: charge pulse and voltage clamp. For the charge pulse protocol, membranes were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e4661c60f007", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin in SA-1 tumor-bearing mice--natural resistance and immune responsiveness", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/00001813-199609000-00011", "pmid": "8949991", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an antitumor treatment that utilizes locally delivered electric pulses to increase the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs in cells and tissues. Electric pulses permeabilize tumor cells to allow nonpermeant drugs such as bleomycin to enter the cells. Although preclinical data indicate that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f202d6da7112", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy an emerging drug delivery method for the treatment of cancer", "authors": "Jaroszeski et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Adv Drug Deliv Rev", "doi": "10.1016/S0169-409X(97)00034-3", "pmid": "10837542", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The combined treatment consisting of a chemotherapeutic agent and pulsed electric fields has been termed electrochemotherapy. This relatively new treatment modality relies on the physical effects of locally applied electric fields to destabilize cell membranes in the presence of a drug. Membrane destabilization…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-768724e01e0e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Anti-tumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin is increased by TNF-alpha on SA-1 tumors in mice", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/S0304-3835(97)00170-5", "pmid": "9177462", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "With the aim to increase anti-tumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy, adjuvant immunotherapy with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was tested on tumors in mice. Increased anti-tumor effectiveness on SA-1 tumors was observed after combining TNF-alpha, injected either intratumorally or peritumorally, with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e8da71a54330", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electric current density imaging of mice tumors", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Magn Reson Med", "doi": "10.1002/mrm.1910370318", "pmid": "9055231", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "The use of electric current density imaging (CDI) to map spatial distribution of electric currents through tumors is presented. Specifically, a method previously tested on phantoms was implemented in vivo and in vitro for mapping electric current pulses of the same order of magnitude (j approximately 2500 A/m2) as in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-328974186151", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Novel electrode designs for electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Gilbert et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/s0304-4165(96)00119-5", "pmid": "9042358", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Direct current pulses for electrochemotherapy treatment are typically administered using two parallel plate electrodes that are placed on either side of the tumor. This simple design has produced high response rates (70 to 85%) in animal studies and in clinical trials. However, parallel plate electrodes are not…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-045abb2b472d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Enhancement of cytotoxicity by electropermeabilization: an improved method for screening drugs", "authors": "Gehl et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/00001813-199804000-00005", "pmid": "9635922", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization (EPN), also termed electroporation, is a physical method to overcome the barrier of the cell membrane by applying short and intense electric pulses. It is the basis for a new cancer treatment modality, electrochemotherapy, where uptake of chemotherapeutics is enhanced by EPN. Preclinical and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Taranmış görüntü, metin katmanı yok", "ocrFlag": true, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-25b560e122f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mechanism of Electroporative Dye Uptake by Mouse B Cells", "authors": "Neumann et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77771-9", "pmid": "9449314", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The color change of electroporated intact immunoglobulin G receptor (Fc gammaR-) mouse B cells (line IIA1.6) after direct electroporative transfer of the dye SERVA blue G (Mr 854) into the cell interior is shown to be dominantly due to diffusion of the dye after the electric field pulse. Hence the dye transport is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-54e83c98d0bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin: potentiation of local cisplatin antitumour effectiveness by application of electric pulses in cancer patients", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/s0959-8049(98)00025-2", "pmid": "9849482", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This study was aimed at assessing the response to electrochemotherapy with cisplatin of cutaneous tumour nodules in patients with malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. In 4 patients, 30 tumour nodules of different sizes were treated; five without treatment, one with electric pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial", "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4f87f3bd7303", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Intratumoral cisplatin administration in electrochemotherapy: antitumor effectiveness, sequence dependence and platinum content", "authors": "Čemazar et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/00001813-199807000-00002", "pmid": "9877240", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy using intratumoral cisplatin administration was tested on EAT tumors in mice. Mice were treated with eight electric pulses (100 micros, 1 Hz, 1040 V) and/or cisplatin (1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg). Cisplatin treatment resulted in up to 20 days of tumor growth delay. Electrochemotherapy resulted in tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3edfb019144b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Intrinsic sensitivity of tumor cells to bleomycin as an indicator of tumor response to electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Čemažar et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Jpn J Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1111/j.1349-7006.1998.tb00566.x", "pmid": "9600128", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) involves the use of locally applied electric pulses to increase delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into cells in tissues. ECT with bleomycin (BLM) is a very effective local treatment, but different tumors have different response rates to ECT. The aim of our study was to compare the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b2fcb753a84d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Calculation of the electrical parameters in electrochemotherapy of solid tumours in mice", "authors": "Šemrov et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Comput Biol Med", "doi": "10.1016/S0010-4825(98)00017-1", "pmid": "9805203", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a novel approach in chemotherapeutic drug delivery into tumours. Short intense direct current electric pulses are applied to tumour tissue causing electropermeabilisation thus enabling entrance of chemotherapeutic drugs into cells which otherwise do not easily penetrate. A three dimensional…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b31e4094d5a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Importance of Electric Field Distribution for Effective in Vivo Electroporation of Tissues", "authors": "Miklavčič et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/s0006-3495(98)77924-x", "pmid": "9591642", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Cells exposed to short and intense electric pulses become permeable to a number of various ionic molecules. This phenomenon was termed electroporation or electropermeabilization and is widely used for in vitro drug delivery into the cells and gene transfection. Tissues can also be permeabilized. These new approaches…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-69187512ccf7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrical field and current distributions in electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Brandisky et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Bioelectrochem Bioenerg", "doi": "10.1016/S0302-4598(98)00232-3", "pmid": "10228588", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a method for cancer treatment consisting in combining intratumor injection of cytotoxic agent with the application of intensive electrical stimuli. Thus transient cell membranes permeabilization is created, allowing the agent to better exercise its destroying effect. Positive results have been…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-645721a37615", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Increased platinum accumulation in SA-1 tumour cells after in vivo electrochemotherapy with cisplatin", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/sj.bjc.6690222", "pmid": "10188880", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an anti-tumour treatment that utilizes locally delivered electric pulses to increase cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. The aim of our study was to determine whether anti-tumour effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with cisplatin is a consequence of increased plasma membrane permeability…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7d2f6fe1c183", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Exploring new instrumentation parameters for electrochemotherapy. Attacking tumors with bursts of biphasic pulses instead of single pulses", "authors": "Daskalov et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag", "doi": "10.1109/51.740982", "pmid": "9934602", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy using rectangular biphasic stimuli and bursts of stimuli, as compared to using monophasic pulses obtained by capacitor discharge, are at least of the same efficacy. The use of small surface electrodes in dermatological treatment yields electrode-skin impedances in the range of 200-400 ohms, with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b23221d0b318", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Clinical applications of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Heller et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Adv Drug Deliv Rev", "doi": "10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00067-2", "pmid": "10837693", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a novel treatment which consists of a combination of a chemotherapeutic agent and pulsed electric fields. This relatively new treatment modality relies on the physical effects of locally applied electric fields to temporarily destabilize cell membranes in the presence of a drug to allow…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cf7f494f4871", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mechanisms of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Adv Drug Deliv Rev", "doi": "10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00066-0", "pmid": "10837692", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new therapeutic approach providing delivery into cell interiors of nonpermeant drugs with intracellular targets. It is based on the local application of short and intense electric pulses that transiently permeabilize cells in tissues. To date, its main application has been the treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bc9beaf15eda", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Fundamentals of electroporative delivery of drugs and genes", "authors": "Neumann et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Bioelectrochem Bioenerg", "doi": "10.1016/S0302-4598(99)00008-2", "pmid": "10228565", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electrooptical and conductometrical relaxation methods have given a new insight in the molecular mechanisms of the electroporative delivery of drug-like dyes and genes (DNA) to cells and tissues. Key findings are: (1) Membrane electroporation (ME) and hence the electroporative transmembrane transport of macromolecules…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-113f1d56e88f", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tumor blood flow modifying effect of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "10628347", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy combines administration of the chemotherapeutic drug, followed by application of electric pulses in order to increase drug delivery into the cells. The aim of this study was to determine the tumor blood flow modifying effect of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and correlate it with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ee46405e31db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor drug delivery by tissue electroporation", "authors": "Singh et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/00001813-199902000-00001", "pmid": "10211543", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Tissue electroporation has been explored to enhance the local delivery of chemotherapueutic agents to solid tumors. The technique, known as electrochemotherapy (ECT), uses high-voltage pulses to deliver drugs across cancerous tissues. ECT has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for cutaneous malignancies…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Metin katmanı yok; ilk sayfa görsel olarak doğrulandı", "ocrFlag": true, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1bced05239cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-efficiency gene transfer into skeletal muscle mediated by electric pulses", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A", "doi": "10.1073/pnas.96.8.4262", "pmid": "10200250", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Gene delivery to skeletal muscle is a promising strategy for the treatment of muscle disorders and for the systemic secretion of therapeutic proteins. However, present DNA delivery technologies have to be improved with regard to both the level of expression and interindividual variability. We report very efficient…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0d13cb15c498", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Toxicity of anticancer agents mediated by electroporation in vitro", "authors": "Jaroszeski et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/00001813-200003000-00008", "pmid": "10831279", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a physical event that temporarily reduces cell membrane barrier properties. Diminished membrane barrier properties are achieved by exposing cells to pulsed electric fields. When a cell has been treated with electric fields it is possible for extracellular agents to gain access to the cell interior…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6aac0812937b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Improvement of combined modality therapy with cisplatin and radiation using electroporation of tumors", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys", "doi": "10.1016/S0360-3016(99)00464-2", "pmid": "10705027", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate whether a local drug delivery method, i.e., electroporation of tumors, increases the radiosensitizing effect of cisplatin. Methods and materials: Subcutaneous Ehrlich-Lettre ascites (EAT) tumors in CBA mice were treated either by cisplatin, electric pulses, or ionizing radiation. In…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-28ca84c02945", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Are the stainless steel electrodes inert", "authors": "Tomov et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/S0302-4598(00)00069-6", "pmid": "10910171", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The electrodes used for electroporation, electrofusion, and electrotransfection, as well as in electrochemotherapy should not interact with the object and release electrolysis products. We studied how far the stainless steel electrodes fulfil these requirements. The results showed that in the case of the exponential…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-03023bb0aa4b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Highly efficient electro-gene therapy of solid tumor by using an expression plasmid for the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene", "authors": "Goto et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A", "doi": "10.1073/pnas.97.1.354", "pmid": "10618422", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We report successful electro-gene therapy (EGT) by using plasmid DNA for tumor-bearing mice. Subcutaneously inoculated CT26 tumor was subjected to EGT, which consists of intratumoral injection of a naked plasmid encoding a marker gene or a therapeutic gene, followed by in vivo electroporation (EP). When this treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a3095b3982e8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Theory and in Vivo Application of Electroporative Gene Delivery", "authors": "Somiari et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Mol Ther", "doi": "10.1006/mthe.2000.0124", "pmid": "10985947", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Efficient and safe methods for delivering exogenous genetic material into tissues must be developed before the clinical potential of gene therapy will be realized. Recently, in vivo electroporation has emerged as a leading technology for developing nonviral gene therapies and nucleic acid vaccines (NAV)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a7bc4e9d4bed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A validated model of in vivo electric field distribution in tissues for electrochemotherapy and for DNA electrotransfer for gene therapy", "authors": "Miklavčič et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/s0304-4165(00)00101-x", "pmid": "11099860", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Permeabilising electric pulses can be advantageously used for DNA electrotransfer in vivo for gene therapy, as well as for drug delivery. In both cases, it is essential to know the electric field distribution in the tissues: the targeted tissue must be submitted to electric field intensities above the reversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-14fd095bcab3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of tumours resistant to cisplatin: a study in a murine tumour model", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2001, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/S0959-8049(01)00091-0", "pmid": "11378348", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The aim of the study was to determine whether electrochemotherapy with cisplatin could be implemented in treatment of cisplatin-resistant solid tumours. For this purpose, we used cisplatin-sensitive TBL.Cl2 cells and their cisplatin-resistant subclone TBL.Cl2 Pt, which can be grown as in vitro cell cultures and as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-44d6c728b2ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation of human microvascular endothelial cells: evidence for an anti-vascular mechanism of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2001, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1054/bjoc.2000.1625", "pmid": "11207055", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Recent studies have indicated that the antitumour effectiveness of electrochemotherapy, a combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with application of high voltage electric pulses applied to the tumour nodule (electroporation), result in a significant reduction in tumour blood flow and may therefore be mediated by an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-77fb8b835b7f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Therapeutic perspectives of in vivo cell electropermeabilization", "authors": "Mir", "year": 2001, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/s0302-4598(00)00112-4", "pmid": "11206915", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cell electropermeabilization (also termed cell electroporation) is nowadays a routine technique used in biochemical and pharmacological studies for the in vitro introduction of nonpermeant molecules into living cells. But electric pulses can be used as well in vivo for the delivery of drugs or DNA into cells of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f5d198059766", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivo assessment of skin electroporation using square wave pulses", "authors": "Dujardin", "year": 2002, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/S0168-3659(01)00548-X", "pmid": "11853933", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "The application of short-duration high-voltage pulses to the skin has been shown to enhance transdermal drug delivery by several orders of magnitude and to transiently permeabilize cells in tissue. Both exponentially decaying (ED) pulses and square wave (SW) pulses have been applied. The latter have also been used for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-719750dbd2cc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of Electrochemotherapy on Muscle and Skin", "authors": "Heller et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460200100509", "pmid": "12625764", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "The efficient delivery of drugs to tumors is an important tool for the treatment of a variety of cancers. Electric pulses have been shown to facilitate the uptake of molecules through the cell membrane. This procedure has been successful in increasing the effectiveness of anti-tumor agents (electrochemotherapy; ECT)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-80b6ad47126b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effective treatment of bladder tumor-bearing mice by direct delivery of bleomycin using electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mitsui et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Drug Deliv", "doi": "10.1080/10717540260397864", "pmid": "12511203", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "We investigated the cytotoxicity on the combination of bleomycin (BLM) with electric pulses against transplanted bladder tumors in nude mice. Loading with high-voltage electric pulse after injection of BLM was associated with a decrease in tumor size; tumor size became smaller and disappeared 8 days after the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a0297af9e7b1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The effect of pulse repetition frequency on the uptake into electropermeabilized cells in vitro with possible applications in electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Pucihar et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/s1567-5394(02)00116-0", "pmid": "12160614", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a technique where electric pulses in combination with chemotherapeutic agents are applied to tumor cells. In general, patients find electrochemotherapy tolerable, in spite of unpleasant sensations associated with contraction of muscles located beneath or in the vicinity of the electrodes. These…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b303963fee6c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Understanding conditions for which biological effects of nonionizing electromagnetic fields can be expected", "authors": "Weaver", "year": 2002, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/S1567-5394(02)00038-5", "pmid": "12009476", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Scientific interest in the interaction of nonionizing electromagnetic fields with biological systems is longstanding, but often still controversial. Theories, models and computer simulations have usually emphasized physical interactions with subsystems (e.g. cell membranes) of a biological system. By extending this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-423d560a20c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Direct visualization at the single-cell level of electrically mediated gene delivery", "authors": "Golzio et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A", "doi": "10.1073/pnas.022646499", "pmid": "11818537", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization is one of the nonviral methods successfully used to transfer genes into living cells in vitro and in vivo. Although this approach shows promise in the field of gene therapy, very little is known about the basic processes supporting DNA transfer. The present investigation studies this process at…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c44f5177d286", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Regression of tumor growth and induction of long-term antitumor memory by interleukin 12 electro-gene therapy", "authors": "Li", "year": 2002, "journal": "J Natl Cancer Inst", "doi": "10.1093/jnci/94.10.762", "pmid": "12011227", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Background Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a proinflammatory cytokine with antitumor activity. Plasmid-based intratumoral gene therapy for treating malignancy with IL-12 or other genes is safe, inexpensive, and simple to carry out. However, effective delivery methods for injecting DNA plasmid into a tumor to generate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7cd90b7bb78d", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optimisation of pulse parameters in vitro for in vivo electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Lebar et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "12168862", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of our study was to optimise electric pulse parameters for electrochemotherapy by sampling the space of pulse parameter variables using systematic in vitro experiments. For this purpose we defined parameters that describe the effectiveness of different sets of electric pulse parameters in vitro and combined…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dc16c4423848", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy results of cancer treatment using enhanced delivery of bleomycin by electroporation", "authors": "Gothelf et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "Cancer Treat Rev", "doi": "10.1016/s0305-7372(03)00073-2", "pmid": "12972356", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Over the last decade a new cancer treatment modality, electrochemotherapy, has emerged. By using short, intense electric pulses that surpass the capacitance of the cell membrane, permeabilization can occur (electroporation). Thus, molecules that are otherwise non-permeant can gain direct access to the cytosol of cells…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1d9311269b8e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bleomycin-mediated electrochemotherapy in mouse NR-S1 carcinoma", "authors": "Kitamura", "year": 2003, "journal": "Cancer Chemother Pharmacol", "doi": "10.1007/s00280-002-0555-y", "pmid": "12721764", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To determine whether or not low-voltage electrochemotherapy has cell killing effects. Materials: Dorsally transplanted NR-S1 carcinomas in mice were stimulated with electric pulses (40 V/cm) after bleomycin (1 microg/g) had been injected around them. The tumors were fixed with a forceps electrode and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fd36a8ac25a3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effective Conductivity of a Suspension of Permeabilized Cells A Theoretical Analysis", "authors": "Pavlin et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/S0006-3495(03)74515-9", "pmid": "12885623", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "During the electroporation cell membrane undergoes structural changes, which increase the membrane conductivity and consequently lead to a change in effective conductivity of a cell suspension. To correlate microscopic membrane changes to macroscopic changes in conductivity of a suspension, we analyzed the effective…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3f8500ed3ced", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Potentiation of chemotherapy in companion animals with spontaneous large neoplasms by application of biphasic electric pulses", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "15053299", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The objectives of this phase I/II study were: i) to determine whether electrochemotherapy (intralesional bleomycin + electric pulses) could be effective in companion animals with different, large neoplasms compared to chemotherapy (conventional intralesional bleomycin); ii) to identify potential toxicities; iii) to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-82d75254f8a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Calcium bursts induced by nanosecond electric pulses", "authors": "Vernier et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.08.140", "pmid": "14521908", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "We report here real-time imaging of calcium bursts in human lymphocytes exposed to nanosecond, megavolt-per-meter pulsed electric fields. Ultra-short (less than 30 ns), high-field (greater than 1 MV/m), electric pulses induce increases in cytosolic calcium concentration and translocation of phosphatidylserine (PS) to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ecbc038c5afc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of electrogenetherapy with p53wt combined with cisplatin on curvival of human tumor cell lines with different p53 status", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "DNA Cell Biol", "doi": "10.1089/104454903322624975", "pmid": "14683587", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The aim of our study was to evaluate electrogenetherapy with p53wt alone or combined with cisplatin on two colorectal (HT-29 and LoVo) and two prostatic (PC-3 and Du145) carcinoma cell lines with different p53 status. In addition, the feasibility of electrogenetherapy with p53wt was tested also in vivo on PC-3…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e8986f2d6355", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Enhanced antitumor activity of a combination of MBD2-antisense electrotransfer gene therapy and bleomycin electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Ivanov et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "J Gene Med", "doi": "10.1002/jgm.438", "pmid": "14533198", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: MBD2 is a methylated DNA-binding protein that has been previously suggested to have transcriptional silencing as well as DNA demethylase activities. We have previously shown that electrotransfer of an MBD2-antisense encoding plasmid inhibits tumor growth in vivo. In this study we tested whether a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a6b338ddfe09", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Possible involvement of antitumor immunity in the eradication of colon 26 induced by low-voltage electrochemotherapy with bleomycin", "authors": "Miyazaki et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "Surg Today", "doi": "10.1007/s005950300006", "pmid": "12560905", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The antitumor efficiency of electrochemotherapy using chemotherapeutic agents and high-voltage electric pulse has been reported. This study was done to define the precise nature of the involvement of antitumor immunity in the regression of tumor nodules in electrochemotherapy, and to evaluate the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-089fd83dd481", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond pulsed electric fields modulate cell function through intracellular signal transduction mechanisms", "authors": "Beebe et al", "year": 2004, "journal": "Physiol Meas", "doi": "10.1088/0967-3334/25/4/023", "pmid": "15382843", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "These studies describe the effects of nanosecond (10-300 ns) pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) on mammalian cell structure and function. As the pulse durations decrease, effects on the plasma membrane (PM) decrease and effects on intracellular signal transduction mechanisms increase. When nsPEF-induced PM electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cd0dce71f8fe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Direct visualization of electroporation-assisted in vivo gene delivery to tumors using intravital microscopy - spatial and time dependent distribution", "authors": "Cemazar", "year": 2004, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2407-4-81", "pmid": "15546484", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation is currently receiving much attention as a way to increase drug and DNA delivery. Recent studies demonstrated the feasibility of electrogene therapy using a range of therapeutic genes for the treatment of experimental tumors. However, the transfection efficiency of electroporation-assisted DNA delivery is still low compared to viral methods and there is a clear need to optimize this approach. In order to optimize treatment, knowledge about spatial and time dependency of gene expression following delivery is of utmost importance in order to improve gene delivery. Intravital microscopy of tumors growing in dorsal skin fold window chambers is a useful method for monitoring gene transfection, since it allows non-invasive dynamic monitoring of gene expression in tumors in a live animal. Methods: Intravital microscopy was used to monitor real time spatial distribution of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and time dependence of transfection efficiency in syngeneic P22 rat tumor model. DNA alone, liposome-DNA complexes and electroporation-assisted DNA delivery using two different sets of electric pulse parameters were compared. Results: Electroporation-assisted DNA delivery using 8 pulses, 600 V/cm, 5 ms, 1 Hz was superior to other methods and resulted in 22% increase in fluorescence intensity in the tumors up to 6 days post-transfection, compared to the non-transfected area in granulation tissue. Functional GFP was detected within 5 h after transfection. Cells expressing GFP were detected throughout the tumor, but not in the surrounding tissue that was not exposed to electric pulses. Conclusions: Intravital microscopy was demonstrated to be a suitable method for monitoring time and spatial distribution of gene expression in experimental tumors and provided evidence that electroporation-assisted gene delivery using 8 pulses, 600 V/cm, 5 ms, 1 Hz is an effective method, resulting in early onset and homogenous distribution of gene expression in the syngeneic P22 rat tumor model.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a3c5e3cdb226", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy — preclinical development and clinical utility", "authors": "Larkin et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Ir J Med Sci", "doi": "10.1007/BF03170137", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "SYLVESTER o'HALLORAN SURGICAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING • 4 - 5 MARCH 2005 • JEAN MONNET THEATRE, UNIVERSITY OF LIMERICK art\" >,9R Modulation of coregulatory protein expression in human breast cancer The oestrogen receptor is influenced by the presence of ligand and specific co-regulatory proteins including the coactivators SRC -1 and AIB -i and the corepressors NCoR and SMRT. These are present at rate limiting levels acting as molecular switches modulating transcription of genes relevant to tumour progression (e.g. cyclin Di). Hypothesis Endocrine-resistant breast cancers may result from a shift in equilibrium between coactivator and corepressor expression. Methods The ability of 17 -ß-oestradiol, tamoxifen and faslodex to modulate coregulatory protein and cyclin Di expression was assessed in MCF-7 (tamoxifen/faslodex sensitive) and LY2 (tamoxifen/faslodex resistant) cells and primary cultures using western blotting. This was repeated following pre-incubation with cycloheximide.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-8bbd97db0c8b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The effect of high frequency electric pulses on muscle contractions and antitumor efficiency in vivo for a potential use in clinical electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Miklavčič et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2004.07.004", "pmid": "15713562", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Muscle contractions present the main source of unpleasant sensations for patients undergoing electrochemotherapy. The contractions are a consequence of high voltage pulse delivery. Relatively low repetition frequency of these pulses (1 Hz) results in separate muscle contractions associated with each single pulse that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-132039040ca2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of Cell Electroporation on the Conductivity of a Cell Suspension", "authors": "Pavlin et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1529/biophysj.104.048975", "pmid": "15792975", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "An increased permeability of a cell membrane during the application of high-voltage pulses results in increased transmembrane transport of molecules that otherwise cannot enter the cell. Increased permeability of a cell membrane is accompanied by increased membrane conductivity; thus, by measuring electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2e1f5fe4f3db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cardiac Devices and Electromagnetic Interference Revisited", "authors": "Yu et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Dermatologic Surgery", "doi": "10.1097/00042728-200508000-00008", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and objective As the number of patients with implantable cardiac devices escalates, inadvertent electromagnetic interference (EMI) by electrosurgery carries increasing concern for patient safety. Given the trend for dermatologic care delivery by nonphysician providers, supervising physicians must carefully…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-00be4517cfd5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effectiveness of tumor electrochemotherapy as a function of electric pulse strength and duration", "authors": "Šatkauskas et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2004.08.003", "pmid": "15713560", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a function of various combinations of pulse strength and duration. C57Bl mice bearing LLC tumors were injected i.p. with bleomycin (BLM) at doses 5 mg/kg in 0.2 ml of physiological saline. Thirty minutes later, tumors were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0979643d8f23", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Administration Route- and Immune Cell Activation-Dependent Tumor Eradication by IL12 electrotransfer", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Mol Ther", "doi": "10.1016/j.ymthe.2005.03.037", "pmid": "15953768", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Injection of DNA via electric pulses into targeted tissues is referred to as electrotransfer. Intratumoral electrotransfer of the IL12 gene is more effective than intramuscular electrotransfer of the same gene in the eradication of established tumors. To understand the underlying immunological mechanisms, T cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2539647fc5c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The development of novel flexible electrode arrays for the electrochemotherapy of solid tumour tissue. (Potential for endoscopic treatment of inaccessible cancers)", "authors": "Soden et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc", "doi": "10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403997", "pmid": "17271056", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Therapeutic \"electroporation\" involves application of electric fields to target cells/tissues, thereby rendering their cell membranes transiently porous, thus making feasible the cellular uptake and efficacy of previously impermeant and ineffective therapeutic agents. The objectives of this research are a) the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-03e10c89642c", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cytotoxicity of different platinum (II) analogues to human tumour cell lines in vitro and murine tumour in vivo alone or combined with electroporation", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "16827135", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: The in vitro cytotoxic activity of two new platinum(II) complexes (3P-SK and PtAMP) in comparison with cisplatin (CDDP), oxaliplatin (OXA) and carboplatin (CARBO) was determined in four different human tumour cell lines. The in vivo efficiencies of CDDP and 3P-SK in MCA mammary carcinoma tumours induced in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d7fe1f72a753", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivo imaging of tumor growth after electrochemotherapy with cisplatin", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.132", "pmid": "16899227", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Imaging methods can give both temporal and spatial dimensions to characterize the processes in progression of and/or treatment of specific disease Subcutaneous tumors can be cured after electrochemotherapy (ECT). Growth and reduction of tumors as a result of cytotoxic therapy can be followed by fluorescence video…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1c8ca9f32f0c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The endothelial cytoskeleton as a target of electroporation-based therapies", "authors": "Kanthou et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Mol Cancer Ther", "doi": "10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0410", "pmid": "17172418", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based therapies, such as electrochemotherapy and electrogene therapy, result in the disruption of blood vessel networks in vivo and cause changes in blood flow and vascular permeability. The effects of electroporation on the cytoskeleton of cultured primary endothelial cells and on endothelial…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-838a8ab17df7", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "[The role of electroporation in increasing the effectiveness of anticancer drugs]", "authors": "Labanauskiene et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": null, "pmid": "16467611", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "By applying electric pulses to tumor the membrane of tumor cells undergoes destabilization that enables the drug molecules to enter into the cells more freely and selectivity of anticancer drugs increases. Thus, administering smaller doses of anticancer drugs it might be possible to achieve a better therapeutic effect…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cb2478b65c66", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy – An easy, highly effective and safe treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases: Results of ESOPE (European Standard Operating Procedures of Electrochemotherapy) study", "authors": "Marty et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.08.002", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy is an efficient local tumour ablation modality that has already proven its effectiveness clinically in the treatment of various types of tumours. It uses electroporation, a physical drug delivery system, to deliver non-permeant or poorly permeant chemotherapeutic agents into the cells.1 Among several clinically approved drugs that have been tested in preclinical studies, bleomycin and cisplatin have been demonstrated to be the most suitable drugs for clinical use of electrochemotherapy.2–5 Exposure of cells to electric pulses increases cytotoxicity of bleomycin (\u00188000 fold) and cisplatin (\u001880 fold).2,3 In vivo application of electric pulses to the tumours significantly potentiates antitumour effectiveness of bleomycin or cisplatin, given either intravenously3,6 or intratumourally.7,8 The treatment results in complete responses of the tumours with drug doses that by themselves have minimal or no antitumour activity and induce no side-effects.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-14c90c0b57e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Importance of tumour coverage by sufficiently high local electric field for effective electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Miklavcic et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.08.006", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-921f10c2c8af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bases and rationale of the electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mir", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.08.005", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy is defined as the local potentiation, by means of permeabilizing electric pulses, of the antitumour activity of a non-permeant (or a low-permeant) anticancer drug possessing a high intrinsic cytotoxicity. This definition reflects the concept as it was initially developed, based on experiments on cells in culture. It remains still valid that the two key points determining the bases as well as the efficacy of the electrochemotherapy are indeed (i) the electropermeabilisation of the cells and (ii) the use of non-permeant anticancer drug (like the bleomycin) or of low permeant anticancer drug (like the cis- platin).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-199facd3dc38", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electric fields in tumors exposed to external voltage sources: implication for electric field-mediated drug and gene delivery", "authors": "Mossop et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-006-9151-3", "pmid": "16917743", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The intratumoral field, which determines the efficiency of electric field-mediated drug and gene delivery, can differ significantly from the applied field. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of the electric field in mouse tumors and tissue phantoms exposed to a large range of electric stimuli, and quantified…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0d86d0b50675", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation Enhances Radiation and Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Solid Tumor In Vivo", "authors": "Shil et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol", "doi": "10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v25.i4.20", "pmid": "17341203", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Treatment of cancer patients is subject to limitations in radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This necessitates development of new protocols, and the present work reports on the effects of a combination of local electroporation with ionizing radiation and/or anticancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) on subcutaneous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b5e039af763c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Successful application of targeted electrochemotherapy using novel flexible electrodes and low dose bleomycin to solid tumours", "authors": "Soden et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.canlet.2005.03.057", "pmid": "15964138", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is the application of very brief electric pulses to cells or tissues to render the cell membranes transiently and reversibly permeable, facilitating cellular uptake of otherwise impermeant molecules. Flexible electrode arrays were developed which may be used with endoscopic and laparoscopic devices for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-afc6c109d04e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optical imaging of luminescence for in vivo quantification of gene electrotransfer in mouse muscle and knee", "authors": "Bloquel et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "BMC Biotechnol", "doi": "10.1186/1472-6750-6-16", "pmid": "16524461", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Optical imaging is an attractive non-invasive way to evaluate the expression of a transferred DNA, mainly thanks to its lower cost and ease of realization. In this study optical imaging was evaluated for monitoring and quantification of the mouse knee joint and tibial cranial muscle electrotransfer of a luciferase encoding plasmid. Optical imaging was applied to study the kinetics of luciferase expression in both tissues. Results: The substrate of luciferase (luciferin) was injected either intraperitonealy (i.p.) or in situ into the muscle or the knee joint. Luminescence resulting from the luciferase-luciferin reaction was measured in vivo with a cooled CCD camera and/or in vitro on tissue lysate. Maximal luminescence of the knee joint and muscle after i.p. (2.5 mg) or local injection of luciferin (50 microg in the knee joint, 100 microg in the muscle) were highly correlated. With the local injection procedure adopted, in vivo and in vitro luminescences measured on the same muscles significantly correlated. Luminescence measurements were reproducible and the signal level was proportional to the amount of plasmid injected. In vivo luciferase activity in the electrotransfered knee joint was detected for two weeks. Intramuscular electrotransfer of 0.3 or 3 microg of plasmid led to stable luciferase expression for 62 days, whereas injecting 30 microg of plasmid resulted in a drop of luminescence three weeks after electrotransfer. These decreases were partially associated with the development of an immune response. Conclusion: A particular advantage of the i.p. injection of substrate is a widespread distribution at luciferase production sites. We have also highlighted advantages of local injection as a more sensitive detection method with reduced substrate consumption. Besides, this route of injection is relatively free of uncontrolled parameters, such as diffusion to the target organ, crossing of biological barriers and evidencing variations in local enzymatic kinetics, probably related to the reaction medium in the targeted organ. Optical imaging was shown to be a sensitive and relevant technique to quantify variations of luciferase activity in vivo. Further evaluation of the effective amount of luciferase in a given tissue by in vivo optical imaging relies on conditions of the enzymatic reaction and light absorption and presently requires in vitro calibration for each targeted organ.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7a5992892c68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "HGF gene therapy attenuates renal allograft scarring by preventing the profibrotic inflammatory-induced mechanisms", "authors": "Herrero-Fresneda et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Kidney Int", "doi": "10.1038/sj.ki.5001510", "pmid": "16710352", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Inflammatory processes and tissue scarring are characteristic features of chronic allograft nephropathy. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has beneficial effects on renal fibrosis and it also ameliorates renal interstitial inflammation as it has been recently described. Contrarily to protein administration, intramuscular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-802eda4bb6f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation-enhanced nonviral gene transfer for the prevention or treatment of immunological, endocrine and neoplastic diseases", "authors": "Prud'homme et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Curr Gene Ther", "doi": "10.2174/156652306776359504", "pmid": "16611045", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Nonviral gene transfer is markedly enhanced by the application of in vivo electroporation (also denoted electro-gene transfer or electrokinetic enhancement). This approach is safe and can be used to deliver nucleic acid fragments, oligonucleotides, siRNA, and plasmids to a wide variety of tissues, such as skeletal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e779befb90ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Standard operating procedures of the electrochemotherapy: Instructions for the use of bleomycin or cisplatin administered either systemically or locally and electric pulses delivered by the CliniporatorTM by means of invasive or non-invasive electrodes", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.08.003", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-8c10def3c796", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Membrane electroporation theories a review", "authors": "Chen et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Med Biol Eng Comput", "doi": "10.1007/s11517-005-0020-2", "pmid": "16929916", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, the transient increase in the permeability of cell membranes when exposed to a high electric field, is an established in vitro technique and is used to introduce DNA or other molecules into cells. When the trans-membrane voltage induced by an external electric field exceeds a certain threshold…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4db85746216a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combined therapy of the antimetastatic compound NAMI-A and electroporation on B16F1 tumour cells in vitro", "authors": "Bicek et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2007.05.002", "pmid": "17602896", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Ruthenium complex NAMI-A [ImH][trans-RuCl(4)(DMSO-S)Im] (Im = imidazole) is a potential chemotherapeutic drug in cancer treatment. Electroporation can be used to facilitate delivery of NAMI-A into cells. Suspension of B16F1 tumour cells from mouse melanoma in NAMI-A solution was exposed to a train of electric pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c9a2a80c3cda", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrotransfer of therapeutic molecules into tissues", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Curr Opin Mol Ther", "doi": null, "pmid": "18041666", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a physical method for the delivery of various molecules into cells by application of controlled external electrical fields that transiently increase permeability of the cell membrane. This technique is now widely used as an alternative to viral gene delivery for transfection of therapeutic genes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-de260cfbbfa3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation in dense cell suspension--theoretical and experimental analysis of ion diffusion and cell permeabilization", "authors": "Pavlin et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.06.014", "pmid": "16935427", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a process where increased permeability of cells exposed to an electric field is observed. It is used in many biomedical applications including electrogene transfection and electrochemotherapy. Although the increased permeability of the membrane is believed to be the result of pores due to an induced…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d4d2d8fd7fe2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Web-Based Electronic Data Collection System to Support Electrochemotherapy Clinical Trial", "authors": "Pavlovic et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed", "doi": "10.1109/TITB.2006.879581", "pmid": "17390992", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Many branches of the healthcare industry are being influenced by information and communication technology (ICT). Clinical trials are not an exception. Despite this fact, more than 75% of clinical trials data are being collected on paper records. Recent ICT advances, such as broad acceptance of Internet Technology…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b89cc59f4e0d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Feasibility of an electrode-reservoir device for transdermal drug delivery by noninvasive skin electroporation", "authors": "Pliquett et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2006.886828", "pmid": "17355067", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrical creation of aqueous pathways across the skin's outer layer [stratum corneum (SC)] provides an approach to transdermal delivery of medium-size water-soluble compounds. However, nerve stimulation should be avoided. Here, we show that a microstructured electrode array can significantly confine the electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4546211f3d71", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Feasibility of employing model-based optimization of pulse amplitude and electrode distance for effective tumor electropermeabilization", "authors": "Sel et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2006.889196", "pmid": "17518273", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "In electrochemotherapy (ECT) electropermeabilization, parameters (pulse amplitude, electrode setup) need to be customized in order to expose the whole tumor to electric field intensities above permeabilizing threshold to achieve effective ECT. In this paper, we present a model-based optimization approach toward…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d66dbdfb44f7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Photokilling cancer cells using highly cell-specific antibody-TiO2 bioconjugates and electroporation", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2007.06.001", "pmid": "17643355", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "In this paper, it was reported for the first time that the combination of the electroporation and the conjugation of the TiO(2) nanoparticles with the monoclonal antibody could improve the photokilling selectivity and efficiency of photoexcited TiO(2) on cancer cells in the photodynamic therapy(PDT) because the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dda0fb4f5ca1", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Increasing the repetition frequency of electric pulse delivery reduces unpleasant sensations that occur in electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Zupanic et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Neoplasma", "doi": null, "pmid": "17447858", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Involuntary muscle contractions and painful sensations during electric pulse delivery are the most unpleasant side effects of electrochemotherapy. The aim of this study was to determine the nature of pain caused by the application of electric pulses and to evaluate patients tolerance to the standard electric pulses of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a9600471a090", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Analytical and numerical quantification and comparison of the local electric field in the tissue for different electrode configurations", "authors": "Čorović et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-6-37", "pmid": "17937793", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy and gene electrotransfer are novel promising treatments employing locally applied high electric pulses to introduce chemotherapeutic drugs into tumor cells or genes into target cells based on the cell membrane electroporation. The main focus of this paper was to calculate analytically and numerically local electric field distribution inside the treated tissue in two dimensional (2D) models for different plate and needle electrode configurations and to compare the local electric field distribution to parameter U/d, which is widely used in electrochemotherapy and gene electrotransfer studies. We demonstrate the importance of evaluating the local electric field distribution in electrochemotherapy and gene electrotransfer. Methods: We analytically and numerically analyze electric field distribution based on 2D models for electrodes and electrode configurations which are most widely used in electrochemotherapy and gene electrotransfer. Analytical calculations were performed by solving the Laplace equation and numerical calculations by means of finite element method in two dimensions. Results: We determine the minimal and maximal E inside the target tissue as well as the maximal E over the entire treated tissue for the given electrode configurations. By comparing the local electric field distribution calculated for different electrode configurations to the ratio U/d, we show that the parameter U/d can differ significantly from the actual calculated values of the local electric field inside the treated tissue. By calculating the needed voltage to obtain E > U/d inside the target tissue, we showed that better electric field distribution can be obtained by increasing the number and changing the arrangement of the electrodes. Conclusion: Based on our analytical and numerical models of the local electric field distribution we show that the applied voltage, configuration of the electrodes and electrode position need to be chosen specifically for each individual case, and that numerical modeling can be used to optimize the appropriate electrode configuration and adequate voltage. Using numerical models we further calculate the needed voltage for a specific electrode configuration to achieve adequate E inside the target tissue while minimizing damages of the surrounding tissue. We present also analytical solutions, which provide a convenient, rapid, but approximate method for a pre-analysis of electric field distribution in treated tissue.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ddf928ed3fdc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene expression profiles in skeletal muscle after gene electrotransfer", "authors": "Hojman et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "BMC Mol Biol", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2199-8-56", "pmid": "17598924", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Gene transfer by electroporation (DNA electrotransfer) to muscle results in high level long term transgenic expression, showing great promise for treatment of e.g. protein deficiency syndromes. However little is known about the effects of DNA electrotransfer on muscle fibres. We have therefore investigated transcriptional changes through gene expression profile analyses, morphological changes by histological analysis, and physiological changes by force generation measurements. DNA electrotransfer was obtained using a combination of a short high voltage pulse (HV, 1000 V/cm, 100 mus) followed by a long low voltage pulse (LV, 100 V/cm, 400 ms); a pulse combination optimised for efficient and safe gene transfer. Muscles were transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and excised at 4 hours, 48 hours or 3 weeks after treatment. Results: Differentially expressed genes were investigated by microarray analysis, and descriptive statistics were performed to evaluate the effects of 1) electroporation, 2) DNA injection, and 3) time after treatment. The biological significance of the results was assessed by gene annotation and supervised cluster analysis.Generally, electroporation caused down-regulation of structural proteins e.g. sarcospan and catalytic enzymes. Injection of DNA induced down-regulation of intracellular transport proteins e.g. sentrin. The effects on muscle fibres were transient as the expression profiles 3 weeks after treatment were closely related with the control muscles. Most interestingly, no changes in the expression of proteins involved in inflammatory responses or muscle regeneration was detected, indicating limited muscle damage and regeneration. Histological analysis revealed structural changes with loss of cell integrity and striation pattern in some fibres after DNA+HV+LV treatment, while HV+LV pulses alone showed preservation of cell integrity. No difference in the force generation capacity was observed in the muscles 2 weeks after DNA electrotransfer. Conclusion: The small and transient changes found in the gene expression profiles are of great importance, as this demonstrates that DNA electrotransfer is safe with minor effects on the muscle host cells. These findings are essential for introducing the DNA electrotransfer to muscle for clinical use. Indeed the HV+LV pulse combination used has been optimised to ensure highly efficient and safe DNA electrotransfer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-376d58200a3a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporator with automatic change of electric field direction improves gene electrotransfer in-vitro", "authors": "Reberšek et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925X-6-25", "pmid": "17601347", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Gene electrotransfer is a non-viral method used to transfer genes into living cells by means of high-voltage electric pulses. An exposure of a cell to an adequate amplitude and duration of electric pulses leads to a temporary increase of cell membrane permeability. This phenomenon, termed electroporation or electropermeabilization, allows various otherwise non-permeant molecules, including DNA, to cross the membrane and enter the cell. The aim of our research was to develop and test a new system and protocol that would improve gene electrotransfer by automatic change of electric field direction between electrical pulses. Methods: For this aim we used electroporator (EP-GMS 7.1) and developed new electrodes. We used finite-elements method to calculate and evaluate the electric field homogeneity between these new electrodes. Quick practical test was performed on confluent cell culture, to confirm and demonstrate electric field distribution. Then we experimentally evaluated the effectiveness of the new system and protocols on CHO cells. Gene transfection and cell survival were evaluated for different electric field protocols. Results: The results of in-vitro gene electrotransfer experiments show that the fraction of transfected cells increases by changing the electric field direction between electrical pulses. The fluorescence intensity of transfected cells and cell survival does not depend on electric field protocol. Moreover, a new effect a shading effect was observed during our research. Namely, shading effect is observed during gene electrotransfer when cells are in clusters, where only cells facing negative electro-potential in clusters become transfected and other ones which are hidden behind these cells do not become transfected. Conclusion: On the basis of our results we can conclude that the new system can be used in in-vitro gene electrotransfer to improve cell transfection by changing electric field direction between electrical pulses, without affecting cell survival.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0aa329d28f25", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Numerical Model of Skin Electropermeabilization Based on In Vivo Experiments", "authors": "Pavšelj et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-007-9378-7", "pmid": "17849185", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "As an alternative to viral methods that are controversial because of their safety issues, chemical and physical methods have been developed to enhance gene expression in tissues. Reversible increase of the cell membrane permeability caused by the electric field--electroporation--is currently one of the most efficient…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-11a55796bf12", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Kinetics, statistics, and energetics of lipid membrane electroporation studied by molecular dynamics simulations", "authors": "Böckmann et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1529/biophysj.108.129437", "pmid": "18469089", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Membrane electroporation is the method to directly transfer bioactive substances such as drugs and genes into living cells, as well as preceding electrofusion. Although much information on the microscopic mechanism has been obtained both from experiment and simulation, the existence and nature of possible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ffe74625926f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mass transfer model for drug delivery in tissue cells with reversible electroporation", "authors": "Granot et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Int J Heat Mass Transf", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.04.041", "pmid": "19884974", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Reversible electroporation is the temporary permeabilization of the cell membrane through the formation of nano-scale pores that are transient defects in the membrane. These pores are caused by short electrical pulses, typically on the order of a few to several hundred microseconds that are delivered by…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-43090ebb40fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) for the treatment of superficial tumour metastases", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2008.06.062", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "ECT is an effective local treatment for palliation on inoperable superficial neoplastic localizations which combines surgical debulking had a disease control for a long period (8 months, median). Conclusions: Our data confirm that ECT is a promising and safe treatment for superficial lesions from different malignancies. General anaesthesia and surgical debulking permit to treat very large and deeper lesion with a very good local control. doi:10.1016/j.ejcsup.2008.06.062 chemotherapy and electric pulses that permeabilize the cell membrane in a transient and reversible manner, allowing lowperrneant drugs to enter the cell, thus magnifying their cytotox- PERITONECTOMY AND INTRAOPERATIVE CHEMOHYPERTERMIA icity. Recent1y, a new device (Clinoporetor, IGEA-Srl, Italy) has AS TREATMENT OF PERITONEAL CARCINOSIS: OUR EXPERIENCE been developed to supply electric pulses with appropriate parameters permitting the clinical use of ECT.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ] }, { "id": "ref-c239ffa53421", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nonlinear current response of micro electroporation and resealing dynamics for human cancer cells", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2008.01.007", "pmid": "18314398", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "This paper presents a novel method to measure the dynamic process of membrane permeability during electroporation (EP) on microchips for human cancer cells. Micro EP chips with three-dimensional gold electrodes accommodating a single cell in between were fabricated with a modified electroplating process…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2a227526e7bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Use of conductive gels for electric field homogenization increases the antitumor efficacy of electroporation therapies", "authors": "Ivorra et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/0031-9155/53/22/020", "pmid": "18978447", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is used in tissue for gene therapy, drug therapy and minimally invasive tissue ablation. The electrical field that develops during the application of the high voltage pulses needs to be precisely controlled. In the region to be treated, it is desirable to generate a homogeneous electric field magnitude…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7179e3da2d4c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The temperature effect during pulse application on cell membrane fluidity and permeabilization", "authors": "Kandušer et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2008.04.012", "pmid": "18502189", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Cell membrane permeabilization is caused by the application of high intensity electric pulses of short duration. The extent of cell membrane permeabilization depends on electric pulse parameters, characteristics of the electropermeabilization media and properties of cells exposed to electric pulses. In the present…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9c9a13385b48", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effective Tumor Treatment Using Optimized Ultrasound-Mediated Delivery of Bleomycin", "authors": "Larkin et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Ultrasound Med Biol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.09.005", "pmid": "17988788", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin is a nonpermeant, hydrophilic macromolecule with a high intrinsic anticancer cytotoxicity. However, the cytotoxic potential of the drug is restricted by its low membrane permeability. Application of low-intensity ultrasound to growing tumors enhances intracellular delivery of bleomycin after IP or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-52628488c9ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy An emerging cancer treatment", "authors": "Sadadcharam et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656730701832334", "pmid": "18393004", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The aim of this review article is to provide a concise overview of the pre-clinical development of electrochemotherapy (ECT), its present utility in clinical practice and to examine its potential application to therapeutic modalities in the future. Results: Results from the ESOPE trial demonstrate an 85%…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e96ac3a6d0db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in treatment of tumours", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2007.05.016", "pmid": "17614247", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Aim: Electrochemotherapy is a local drug delivery approach aimed at treatment with palliative intent of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumour nodules of different histologies. Electrochemotherapy, via cell membrane permeabilising electric pulses, potentiates the cytotoxicity of non-permeant or poorly permeant anticancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2417f39c665c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond Electroporation Another Look", "authors": "Sundararajan", "year": 2008, "journal": "Mol Biotechnol", "doi": "10.1007/s12033-008-9107-y", "pmid": "18821065", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "As the medical field moves from treatment of diseases with drugs to treatment with genes, safe and efficient gene delivery systems are needed to make this transition. One such safe, non-viral, and efficient gene delivery system is electroporation (electrogenetherapy). Exciting discoveries using electroporation could…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9f4c594313f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Surgery and adjuvant therapies in the treatment of stage IV melanoma our experience in 84 patients", "authors": "Tauceri et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Langenbecks Arch Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s00423-008-0312-8", "pmid": "18317795", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and aims: Survival rates of patients with stage IV melanoma are poor: Median survival is 7-8 months and 5-year survival rates about 5%. There is no agreement on the role of surgery at this stage. Most patients with metastatic melanoma are not able to undergo resection and usually are sent to systemic chemo-…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-97e6520134fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Importance of Contact Surface between Electrodes and Treated Tissue in Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Čorović et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460800700507", "pmid": "18783290", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an effective antitumor treatment employing locally applied high voltage electric pulses delivered through conductive electrodes to the tumor in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. The efficiency of electrochemotherapy strongly depends on the local electric field distribution inside the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1fb75bb96a00", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optimization of electrode position and electric pulse amplitude in electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Županič et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Radiology and Oncology", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-008-0005-5", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Optimization of electrode position and electric pulse amplitude in electrochemotherapyBackground. In addition to the chemotherapeutic drug being present within the tumor during electric pulse delivery, successful electrochemotherapy requires the entire tumor volume to be subjected to a sufficiently high electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-af2d06bb3c92", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "On-chip testing device for electrochemotherapeutic effects on human breast cells", "authors": "Choi et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Biomed Microdevices", "doi": "10.1007/s10544-008-9220-5", "pmid": "18791868", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "A microfabricated cell-based testing device for electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been developed by miniaturizing the widely used clinical electroporator with a two-needle array into two-dimensional planar electrodes while keeping the similarity of the electric field strength distribution. In this device, all the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a5ad17d642b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "What is (still not) known of the mechanism by which electroporation mediates gene transfer and expression in cells and tissues", "authors": "Escoffre et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Mol Biotechnol", "doi": "10.1007/s12033-008-9121-0", "pmid": "19016008", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Cell membranes can be transiently permeabilized under application of electric pulses. This treatment allows hydrophilic therapeutic molecules, such as anticancer drugs and DNA, to enter into cells and tissues. This process, called electropermeabilization or electroporation, has been rapidly developed over the last…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e97eee2e2b86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene electrotransfer into murine skeletal muscle: a systematic analysis of parameters for long-term gene expression", "authors": "Tevz et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460800700201", "pmid": "18345697", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Skeletal muscle is an attractive target tissue for delivery of therapeutic genes, since it is well vascularized, easily accessible, and has a high capacity for protein synthesis. For efficient transfection in skeletal muscle, several protocols have been described, including delivery of low voltage electric pulses and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9990b91e20b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Numerical Modeling and Optimization of Electric Field Distribution in Subcutaneous Tumor Treated With Electrochemotherapy Using Needle Electrodes", "authors": "Corovic et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.", "doi": "10.1109/TPS.2008.2000996", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective antitumor treatment employing locally applied high-voltage electric pulses in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. For successful ECT, the entire tumor volume needs to be subjected to a sufficiently high local electric field, whereas, in order to prevent damage, the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a2894ecd47c4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Microdevice for Analyzing the Effect of Electrochemotherapy on Cancer Cells", "authors": "Choi et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Anal Chem", "doi": "10.1021/ac900055r", "pmid": "19344145", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "A microfabricated cell-based testing device for electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been developed; it mimics a clinical electroporator with a circular needle array and maintains a similar electric field strength distribution. Until now, the performance between electroporators having two- and six-needle circular array…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-de6f9c1127a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "An e-learning application on electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Corovic et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-8-26", "pmid": "19843322", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is an effective approach in local tumour treatment employing locally applied high-voltage electric pulses in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. In planning and performing electrochemotherapy a multidisciplinary expertise is required and collaboration, knowledge and experience exchange among the experts from different scientific fields such as medicine, biology and biomedical engineering is needed. The objective of this study was to develop an e-learning application in order to provide the educational content on electrochemotherapy and its underlying principles and to support collaboration, knowledge and experience exchange among the experts involved in the research and clinics. Methods: The educational content on electrochemotherapy and cell and tissue electroporation was based on previously published studies from molecular dynamics, lipid bilayers, single cell level and simplified tissue models to complex biological tissues and research and clinical results of electrochemotherapy treatment. We used computer graphics such as model-based visualization (i.e. 3D numerical modelling using finite element method) and 3D computer animations and graphical illustrations to facilitate the representation of complex biological and physical aspects in electrochemotherapy. The e-learning application is integrated into an interactive e-learning environment developed at our institution, enabling collaboration and knowledge exchange among the users. We evaluated the designed e-learning application at the International Scientific workshop and postgraduate course (Electroporation Based Technologies and Treatments). The evaluation was carried out by testing the pedagogical efficiency of the presented educational content and by performing the usability study of the application. Results: The e-learning content presents three different levels of knowledge on cell and tissue electroporation. In the first part of the e-learning application we explain basic principles of electroporation process. The second part provides educational content about importance of modelling and visualization of local electric field in electroporation-based treatments. In the third part we developed an interactive module for visualization of local electric field distribution in 3D tissue models of cutaneous tumors for different parameters such as voltage applied, distance between electrodes, electrode dimension and shape, tissue geometry and electric conductivity. The pedagogical efficiency assessment showed that the participants improved their level of knowledge. The results of usability evaluation revealed that participants found the application simple to learn, use and navigate. The participants also found the information provided by the application easy to understand. Conclusion: The e-learning application we present in this article provides educational material on electrochemotherapy and its underlying principles such as cell and tissue electroporation. The e-learning application is developed to provide an interactive educational content in order to simulate the \"hands-on\" learning approach about the parameters being important for successful therapy. The e-learning application together with the interactive e-learning environment is available to the users to provide collaborative and flexible learning in order to facilitate knowledge exchange among the experts from different scientific fields that are involved in electrochemotherapy. The modular structure of the application allows for upgrade with new educational content collected from the clinics and research, and can be easily adapted to serve as a collaborative e-learning tool also in other electroporation-based treatments such as gene electrotransfer, gene vaccination, irreversible tissue ablation and transdermal gene and drug delivery. The presented e-learning application provides an easy and rapid approach for information, knowledge and experience exchange among the experts from different scientific fields, which can facilitate development and optimisation of electroporation-based treatments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b26cee1871d2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Erythropoietin over-expression protects against diet-induced obesity in mice through increased fat oxidation in muscles", "authors": "Hojman et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0005894", "pmid": "19521513", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Erythropoietin can be over-expressed in skeletal muscles by gene electrotransfer, resulting in 100-fold increase in serum EPO and significant increases in haemoglobin levels. Earlier studies have suggested that EPO improves several metabolic parameters when administered to chronically ill kidney patients. Thus we applied the EPO over-expression model to investigate the metabolic effect of EPO in vivo.At 12 weeks, EPO expression resulted in a 23% weight reduction (P<0.01) in EPO transfected obese mice; thus the mice weighed 21.9+/-0.8 g (control, normal diet,) 21.9+/-1.4 g (EPO, normal diet), 35.3+/-3.3 g (control, high-fat diet) and 28.8+/-2.6 g (EPO, high-fat diet). Correspondingly, DXA scanning revealed that this was due to a 28% reduction in adipose tissue mass.The decrease in adipose tissue mass was accompanied by a complete normalisation of fasting insulin levels and glucose tolerance in the high-fat fed mice. EPO expression also induced a 14% increase in muscle volume and a 25% increase in vascularisation of the EPO transfected muscle. Muscle force and stamina were not affected by EPO expression. PCR array analysis revealed that genes involved in lipid metabolism, thermogenesis and inflammation were increased in muscles in response to EPO expression, while genes involved in glucose metabolism were down-regulated. In addition, muscular fat oxidation was increased 1.8-fold in both the EPO transfected and contralateral muscles.In conclusion, we have shown that EPO when expressed in supra-physiological levels has substantial metabolic effects including protection against diet-induced obesity and normalisation of glucose sensitivity associated with a shift to increased fat metabolism in the muscles.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f0d6ae4b3285", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Transmembrane voltage analyses in spheroidal cells in response to an intense ultrashort electrical pulse", "authors": "Hu et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevE.79.011901", "pmid": "19257063", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Self-consistent evaluations of both the transmembrane potential (TMP) and possible electroporation density across membrane of spheroidal cells in response to ultrashort, high-intensity pulses are reported and discussed. Most treatments in the literature have been based on spherical cells, and this represents a step…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8d4f3783499f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivoelectrical conductivity measurements during and after tumor electroporation conductivity changes", "authors": "Ivorra et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/0031-9155/54/19/019", "pmid": "19759406", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is the phenomenon in which cell membrane permeability is increased by exposing the cell to short high-electric-field pulses. Reversible electroporation treatments are used in vivo for gene therapy and drug therapy while irreversible electroporation is used for tissue ablation. Tissue conductivity…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-07d3d4a52628", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Radiosensitizing effect of electrochemotherapy in a fractionated radiation regimen in radiosensitive murine sarcoma and radioresistant adenocarcinoma tumor model", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Radiat Res", "doi": "10.1667/RR1873.1", "pmid": "19929414", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy can potentiate the radiosensitizing effect of bleomycin, as shown in our previous studies. To bring this treatment closer to use in clinical practice, we evaluated the interaction between electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and single-dose or fractionated radiation in two murine tumor models with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e1debb0ece10", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of joule heating in electrochemotherapy and in vivo gene electrotransfer", "authors": "Lackovic et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.", "doi": "10.1109/TDEI.2009.5293947", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy and electrogene therapy are new methods in molecular medicine based on electroporation-mediated introduction of foreign molecules (chemotherapeutic drugs, DNA) into target cellsin vivo. Electrochemotherapy involves the injection of chemotherapeutic agent followed by a local delivery of a train of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0a660fe7a779", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Non invasive contact electrodes for in vivo localized cutaneous electropulsation and associated drug and nucleic acid delivery", "authors": "Mazères et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.11.003", "pmid": "19084039", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "For an effective tissue controlled electropermeabilization as requested for electrochemotherapy and electrogenotherapy, it is very important to have informations about the electric field distribution provided by a defined set of electrodes. Computer simulations using the finite element models approach predicted the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-702b626228c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of tumours", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3747/co.v16i2.368", "pmid": "19370177", "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Several novel tumour-targeting and drug-delivery approaches in cancer treatment are currently undergoing intensive investigation, among them physical approaches such as tissue electroporation. [...]", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-e160ef6609", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:sersa", "yil-farki:1" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a0b0584831b6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Synthesis of new heterometallic macromolecules: their DNA binding, cleavage activity and in vitro model electrochemotherapy study", "authors": "Tabassum et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc", "doi": "10.1016/j.saa.2009.09.025", "pmid": "19850511", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The homodinuclear C(16)H(30)N(8)O(5)Sn(2)Cl(4) (1), heterotetranuclear C(16)H(38)N(8)O(9)Sn(2)Cu(2)Cl(8) (2) and C(16)H(38)N(8)O(9)Sn(2)Mn(2)Cl(8) (3) macrocyclic complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques and molar conductance measurements. The interaction studies of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-116f9036129a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Apoptosis induction with electric pulses - A new approach to cancer therapy with drug free", "authors": "Tang et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.10.092", "pmid": "19853584", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrical pulses have been widely used in biomedical fields, whose applications depend on the parameters such as durations and electric intensity. Conventional electroporation (0.1-1kV/cm, 100micros) has been used in cell fusion, transfection and electrochemotherapy. Recent studies with high-intensity (MV/cm)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-18a7b7c52d22", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporating fields target oxidatively damaged areas in the cell membrane", "authors": "Vernier et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0007966", "pmid": "19956595", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Reversible electropermeabilization (electroporation) is widely used to facilitate the introduction of genetic material and pharmaceutical agents into living cells. Although considerable knowledge has been gained from the study of real and simulated model membranes in electric fields, efforts to optimize electroporation protocols are limited by a lack of detailed understanding of the molecular basis for the electropermeabilization of the complex biomolecular assembly that forms the plasma membrane. We show here, with results from both molecular dynamics simulations and experiments with living cells, that the oxidation of membrane components enhances the susceptibility of the membrane to electropermeabilization. Manipulation of the level of oxidative stress in cell suspensions and in tissues may lead to more efficient permeabilization procedures in the laboratory and in clinical applications such as electrochemotherapy and electrotransfection-mediated gene therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f78c7b50a97d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Physical methods of nucleic acid transfer general concepts and applications", "authors": "Villemejane et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Br J Pharmacol", "doi": "10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00032.x", "pmid": "19154421", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Physical methods of gene (and/or drug) transfer need to combine two effects to deliver the therapeutic material into cells. The physical methods must induce reversible alterations in the plasma membrane to allow the direct passage of the molecules of interest into the cell cytosol. They must also bring the nucleic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b0290327d9dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A 3D in vitro spheroid model as a way to study the mechanisms of electroporation", "authors": "Wasungu et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Int J Pharm", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.03.035", "pmid": "19716035", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization is a physical method to deliver molecules into cells and tissues. Clinical applications have been successfully developed for antitumoral drug delivery and clinical trials for gene electrotransfer are currently underway. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in this transfer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dbbebcd68740", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Controlled systemic release of interleukin-12 after gene electrotransfer to muscle for cancer gene therapy alone or in combination with ionizing radiation in murine sarcomas", "authors": "Tevz et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "J Gene Med", "doi": "10.1002/jgm.1403", "pmid": "19777440", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the antitumor effectiveness of systemic interleukin (IL)-12 gene therapy in murine sarcoma models, and to evaluate its interaction with the irradiation of tumors and metastases. To avoid toxic side-effects of IL-12 gene therapy, the objective was to achieve the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-96d005677947", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Control by pulse parameters of DNA electrotransfer into solid tumors in mice", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/gt.2009.10", "pmid": "19212425", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrotransfer (electroporation) is recognized as one of the most promising alternatives to viral vectors for transfection of different tissues in vivo for therapeutic purposes. We evaluated the transfection efficiency of reporter genes (green fluorescent protein and luciferase) in murine subcutaneous tumors using…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7af19dcff1d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bioelectromagnetic Field Effects on Cancer Cells and Mice Tumors", "authors": "Berg et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.3109/15368371003776725", "pmid": "21062126", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We present possibilities and trends of ELF bioelectromagnetic effects in the mT amplitude range on cancer cells and on mice bearing tumors. In contrast to invasive electrochemotherapy and electrogenetherapy, using mostly needle electrodes and single high-amplitude electropulses for treatment, extremely low-frequency…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "quarantined_from_scoring", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "karsilastirici", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "karsilastirmali", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4457f2626780", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The effects of the electric fields on hydrogels to achieve antitumoral drug release", "authors": "Fantozzi et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.08.011", "pmid": "19783227", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The achievement of electrochemotherapy was obtained using electrodes covered with guar gum (GG) hydrogel swollen in a sulfate bleomycin solution. The bleomycin delivery into the plasma membranes of cancer cells occurs only when field strength (V/cm) was applied, decreasing the drug contact with healthy tissues. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-154217378dea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Synergistic electrochemotherapy on cancer cells by photodynamically active cytostatic agents", "authors": "Lambreva et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2010.02.003", "pmid": "20435523", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Two reliable methods have been combined: i) the electroporation of the cell membranes for facilitating the sensitizer incorporation into hystiocytic human lymphoma cells U-937 and (ii) the photodynamics applied by excitation of natural and synthetic sensitizers for cancer therapy. In the case of cytostatic sensitizers…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b082f0639213", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrical impedance characterization of normal and cancerous human hepatic tissue", "authors": "Laufer et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Physiol Meas", "doi": "10.1088/0967-3334/31/7/009", "pmid": "20577035", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The four-electrode method was used to measure the ex vivo complex electrical impedance of tissues from 14 hepatic tumors and the surrounding normal liver from six patients. Measurements were done in the frequency range 1-400 kHz. It was found that the conductivity of the tumor tissue was much higher than that of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b4788760326d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The influence of skeletal muscle anisotropy on electroporation: in vivo study and numerical modeling", "authors": "Čorović et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Med Biol Eng Comput", "doi": "10.1007/s11517-010-0614-1", "pmid": "20424926", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to theoretically and experimentally investigate electroporation of mouse tibialis cranialis and to determine the reversible electroporation threshold values needed for parallel and perpendicular orientation of the applied electric field with respect to the muscle fibers. Our study was based…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b6bb0f87413", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cancer Electrogene Therapy with Interleukin-12", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Curr Gene Ther", "doi": "10.2174/156652310791823425", "pmid": "20560875", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Electrogene therapy combines administration of plasmid DNA into tissue followed by local application of electric pulses. In electrogene therapy with interleukin-12 (IL-12), different routes of administration, different doses of plasmid DNA and different protocols for delivery of electric pulses were evaluated in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-11a691340a9f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Therapeutic levels of erythropoietin (EPO) achieved after gene electrotransfer to skin in mice", "authors": "Gothelf et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/gt.2010.46", "pmid": "20410932", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer refers to gene transfection by electroporation and is an effective non-viral method for delivering naked DNA into cells and tissues. This study presents data from gene electrotransfer with erythropoietin (EPO) to mouse skin. Nine-week-old female NMRI mice received one, two or three intradermal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0cb0fae33aa8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin/interleukin-12 electrochemogene therapy for treating naturally occurring spontaneous neoplasms in dogs", "authors": "Reed et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Cancer Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/cgt.2010.6", "pmid": "20150931", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "On the basis of superior outcomes from electrochemogene therapy (ECGT) compared with electrochemotherapy in mice, we determined the efficacy of ECGT applied to spontaneous canine neoplasms. Intralesional bleomycin and feline interleukin-12 DNA (fIL-12 DNA) injection combined with translesional electroporation resulted…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "derginin baslik duzeltmesiyle yeniden yayimladigi surum - DOI 10.1038_cgt.2010.13 ile ayni makale", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2d431390b09b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin/interleukin-12 electrochemogenetherapy for treating naturally occurring spontaneous neoplasms in dogs", "authors": "Reed et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Cancer Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/cgt.2010.13", "pmid": "20414325", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "On the basis of superior outcomes from electrochemogenetherapy (ECGT) compared with electrochemotherapy in mice, we determined the efficacy of ECGT applied to spontaneous canine neoplasms. Intralesional bleomycin (BLM) and feline interleukin-12 DNA injection combined with translesional electroporation resulted in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-613ee14258cd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Numerical optimization of gene electrotransfer into muscle tissue", "authors": "Zupanic et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925X-9-66", "pmid": "21050435", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation-based gene therapy and DNA vaccination are promising medical applications that depend on transfer of pDNA into target tissues with use of electric pulses. Gene electrotransfer efficiency depends on electrode configuration and electric pulse parameters, which determine the electric field distribution. Numerical modeling represents a fast and convenient method for optimization of gene electrotransfer parameters. We used numerical modeling, parameterization and numerical optimization to determine the optimum parameters for gene electrotransfer in muscle tissue. Methods: We built a 3D geometry of muscle tissue with two or six needle electrodes (two rows of three needle electrodes) inserted. We performed a parametric study and optimization based on a genetic algorithm to analyze the effects of distances between the electrodes, depth of insertion, orientation of electrodes with respect to muscle fibers and applied voltage on the electric field distribution. The quality of solutions were evaluated in terms of volumes of reversibly (desired) and irreversibly (undesired) electroporated muscle tissue and total electric current through the tissue. Results: Large volumes of reversibly electroporated muscle with relatively little damage can be achieved by using large distances between electrodes and large electrode insertion depths. Orienting the electrodes perpendicular to muscle fibers is significantly better than the parallel orientation for six needle electrodes, while for two electrodes the effect of orientation is not so pronounced. For each set of geometrical parameters, the window of optimal voltages is quite narrow, with lower voltages resulting in low volumes of reversibly electroporated tissue and higher voltages in high volumes of irreversibly electroporated tissue. Furthermore, we determined which applied voltages are needed to achieve the optimal field distribution for different distances between electrodes. Conclusion: The presented numerical study of gene electrotransfer is the first that demonstrates optimization of parameters for gene electrotransfer on tissue level. Our method of modeling and optimization is generic and can be applied to different electrode configurations, pulsing protocols and different tissues. Such numerical models, together with knowledge of tissue properties can provide useful guidelines for researchers and physicians in selecting optimal parameters for in vivo gene electrotransfer, thus reducing the number of animals used in studies of gene therapy and DNA vaccination.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-93f0c5ab2051", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Robustness of Treatment Planning for Electrochemotherapy of Deep-Seated Tumors", "authors": "Kos et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-010-9274-1", "pmid": "20596859", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors with electrochemotherapy has become a regular clinical method, while treatment of deep-seated tumors is still at an early stage of development. We present a method for preparing a dedicated patient-specific, computer-optimized treatment plan for electrochemotherapy of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a3fe6c67fa68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Numerical study of the electroporation pulse shape effect on molecular uptake of biological cells", "authors": "Miklavcic et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-010-0002-3", "pmid": "22933889", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: In order to reduce the side-effects of chemotherapy, combined chemotherapy-electroporation (electrochemotherapy) has been suggested. Electroporation, application of appropriate electric pulses to biological cells, can significantly enhance molecular uptake of cells due to formation of transient pores in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fe4f2a645b1c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Microsecond and nanosecond electric pulses in cancer treatments", "authors": "Breton et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Bioelectromagnetics", "doi": "10.1002/bem.20692", "pmid": "21812011", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "New local treatments based on electromagnetic fields have been developed as non-surgical and minimally invasive treatments of tumors. In particular, short electric pulses can induce important non-thermal changes in cell physiology, especially the permeabilization of the cell membrane. The aim of this review is to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-308eb12aa19f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cryosurgery with pulsed electric fields", "authors": "Daniels et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0026219", "pmid": "22087224", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "This study explores the hypothesis that combining the minimally invasive surgical techniques of cryosurgery and pulsed electric fields will eliminate some of the major disadvantages of these techniques while retaining their advantages. Cryosurgery, tissue ablation by freezing, is a well-established minimally invasive surgical technique. One disadvantage of cryosurgery concerns the mechanism of cell death; cells at high subzero temperature on the outer rim of the frozen lesion can survive. Pulsed electric fields (PEF) are another minimally invasive surgical technique in which high strength and very rapid electric pulses are delivered across cells to permeabilize the cell membrane for applications such as gene delivery, electrochemotherapy and irreversible electroporation. The very short time scale of the electric pulses is disadvantageous because it does not facilitate real time control over the procedure. We hypothesize that applying the electric pulses during the cryosurgical procedure in such a way that the electric field vector is parallel to the heat flux vector will have the effect of confining the electric fields to the frozen/cold region of tissue, thereby ablating the cells that survive freezing while facilitating controlled use of the PEF in the cold confined region. A finite element analysis of the electric field and heat conduction equations during simultaneous tissue treatment with cryosurgery and PEF (cryosurgery/PEF) was used to study the effect of tissue freezing on electric fields. The study yielded motivating results. Because of decreased electrical conductivity in the frozen/cooled tissue, it experienced temperature induced magnified electric fields in comparison to PEF delivered to the unfrozen tissue control. This suggests that freezing/cooling confines and magnifies the electric fields to those regions; a targeting capability unattainable in traditional PEF. This analysis shows how temperature induced magnified and focused PEFs could be used to ablate cells in the high subzero freezing region of a cryosurgical lesion.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-96ec33600ce9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Temperature modulation of electric fields in biological matter", "authors": "Daniels et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0020877", "pmid": "21695144", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric fields (PEF) have become an important minimally invasive surgical technology for various applications including genetic engineering, electrochemotherapy and tissue ablation. This study explores the hypothesis that temperature dependent electrical parameters of tissue can be used to modulate the outcome of PEF protocols, providing a new means for controlling and optimizing this minimally invasive surgical procedure. This study investigates two different applications of cooling temperatures applied during PEF. The first case utilizes an electrode which simultaneously delivers pulsed electric fields and cooling temperatures. The subsequent results demonstrate that changes in electrical properties due to temperature produced by this configuration can substantially magnify and confine the electric fields in the cooled regions while almost eliminating electric fields in surrounding regions. This method can be used to increase precision in the PEF procedure, and eliminate muscle contractions and damage to adjacent tissues. The second configuration considered introduces a third probe that is not electrically active and only applies cooling boundary conditions. This second study demonstrates that in this probe configuration the temperature induced changes in electrical properties of tissue substantially reduce the electric fields in the cooled regions. This novel treatment can potentially be used to protect sensitive tissues from the effect of the PEF. Perhaps the most important conclusion of this investigation is that temperature is a powerful and accessible mechanism to modulate and control electric fields in biological tissues and can therefore be used to optimize and control PEF treatments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-14fa4155d359", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Protection of the liver against CCl4-induced injury by intramuscular electrotransfer of a kallistatin-encoding plasmid", "authors": "Diao", "year": 2011, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v17.i1.111", "pmid": "21218091", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Aim: To investigate the effect of transgenic expression of kallistatin (Kal) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver injury by intramuscular (im) electrotransfer of a Kal-encoding plasmid formulated with poly-L-glutamate (PLG). Methods: The pKal plasmid encoding Kal gene was formulated with PLG and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-76d6a952c611", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optimizing clinical performance and geometrical robustness of a new electrode device for intracranial tumor electroporation", "authors": "Mahmood et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2010.12.002", "pmid": "21256816", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Current technology has limited applicability for electroporation based treatment of deep-seated tumors, and is in general, not optimized in terms of compliance with clinically relevant parameters. Here we present a novel electrode device developed for electrotransfer of antineoplastic drugs and genes to intracranial…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0c54a31863a1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation-induced electrosensitization", "authors": "Pakhomova", "year": 2011, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0017100", "pmid": "21347394", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation is a method of disrupting the integrity of cell membrane by electric pulses (EPs). Electrical modeling is widely employed to explain and study electroporation, but even most advanced models show limited predictive power. No studies have accounted for the biological consequences of electroporation as a factor that alters the cell's susceptibility to forthcoming EPs. Methodology/principal findings: We focused first on the role of EP rate for membrane permeabilization and lethal effects in mammalian cells. The rate was varied from 0.001 to 2,000 Hz while keeping other parameters constant (2 to 3,750 pulses of 60-ns to 9-µs duration, 1.8 to 13.3 kV/cm). The efficiency of all EP treatments was minimal at high rates and started to increase gradually when the rate decreased below a certain value. Although this value ranged widely (0.1-500 Hz), it always corresponded to the overall treatment duration near 10 s. We further found that longer exposures were more efficient irrespective of the EP rate, and that splitting a high-rate EP train in two fractions with 1-5 min delay enhanced the effects severalfold. Conclusions/significance: For varied experimental conditions, EPs triggered a delayed and gradual sensitization to EPs. When a portion of a multi-pulse exposure was delivered to already sensitized cells, the overall effect markedly increased. Because of the sensitization, the lethality in EP-treated cells could be increased from 0 to 90% simply by increasing the exposure duration, or the exposure dose could be reduced twofold without reducing the effect. Many applications of electroporation can benefit from accounting for sensitization, by organizing the exposure either to maximize sensitization (e.g., for sterilization) or, for other applications, to completely or partially avoid it. In particular, harmful side effects of electroporation-based therapies (electrochemotherapy, gene therapies, tumor ablation) include convulsions, pain, heart fibrillation, and thermal damage. Sensitization can potentially be employed to reduce these side effects while preserving or increasing therapeutic efficiency.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d09f0b7207be", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "FoxP3 expression on melanoma cells is related to early visceral spreading in melanoma patients treated by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Quaglino et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Pigment Cell Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1111/j.1755-148X.2011.00879.x", "pmid": "21696572", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", Electrochemotherapy (ECT) represents a new therapeutic option for primary and metastatic skin tumours (Mir et al., 2006). In recent years, many studies have shown its clinical efficacy in melanoma (Sersa et al., 2008). We obtained a 93% response rate with 58% complete responses in the treatment of disseminated cutaneous metastases (Quaglino et al., 2008). ECT associates chemotherapy administration with the delivery of short intense electric pulses directly into the lesion, allowing an enhanced penetration of the drug through the tumour cell membrane (electroporation). Therefore, its activity is related to the increased cytotoxic effect due to the enhanced drug concentration in neoplastic cells. Nevertheless, it is well known that the immunological network plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of melanoma (Slingluff et al., 2006).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-4113a711296e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tumor Growth Inhibited by Low-Voltage Amplitude and 5-kHz Frequency Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Shankayi et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-011-9405-3", "pmid": "22057904", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "The most important unpleasant sensation of electrochemotherapy is muscle contraction. One of the causes of this discomfort is electrochemotherapy in the low-frequency range (1 Hz). To resolve this problem, there are two solutions: first, increasing the repetition frequency of electric pulses above the tetanic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-70c6409b3507", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in cancer patients first clinical trial in Greece", "authors": "Skarlatos et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "In Vivo", "doi": null, "pmid": "21471545", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is currently undergoing intensive investigation in the field of local control of cancer. In Greece, five medical centers have co-operated to perform ECT for the efficient management of growing, recurrent or newly emerging cutaneous and subcutaneous tumor nodules. ECT was applied alone or in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4fe8d4ca6fe0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "ETM study of electroporation influence on cell morphology in human malignant melanoma and human primary gingival fibroblast cells", "authors": "Skolucka et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Asian Pac J Trop Biomed", "doi": "10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60003-8", "pmid": "23569735", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Objective: To estimate electroporation (EP) influence on malignant and normal cells. Methods: Two cell lines including human malignant melanoma (Me-45) and normal human gingival fibroblast (HGFs) were used. EP parameters were the following: 250, 1 000, 1 750, 2 500 V/cm; 50 µs by 5 impulses for every case. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4037ce0b3522", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation increases antitumoral efficacy of the bcl-2 antisense G3139 and chemotherapy in a human melanoma xenograft", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-9-125", "pmid": "21798045", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Nucleic acids designed to modulate the expression of target proteins remain a promising therapeutic strategy in several diseases, including cancer. However, clinical success is limited by the lack of efficient intracellular delivery. In this study we evaluated whether electroporation could increase the delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides against bcl-2 (G3139) as well as the efficacy of combination chemotherapy in human melanoma xenografts. Methods: Melanoma-bearing nude mice were treated i.v. with G3139 and/or cisplatin (DDP) followed by the application of trains of electric pulses to tumors. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were performed to analyze protein and mRNA expression. The effect of electroporation on muscles was determined by histology, while tumor apoptosis and the proliferation index were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides tumor accumulation was measured by FACS and confocal microscopy. Results: The G3139/Electroporation combined therapy produced a significant inhibition of tumor growth (TWI, more than 50%) accompanied by a marked tumor re-growth delay (TRD, about 20 days). The efficacy of this treatment was due to the higher G3139 uptake in tumor cells which led to a marked down-regulation of bcl-2 protein expression. Moreover, the G3139/EP combination treatment resulted in an enhanced apoptotic index and a decreased proliferation rate of tumors. Finally, an increased tumor response was observed after treatment with the triple combination G3139/DDP/EP, showing a TWI of about 75% and TRD of 30 days. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that electroporation is an effective strategy to improve the delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides within tumor cells in vivo and it may be instrumental in optimizing the response of melanoma to chemotherapy. The high response rate observed in this study suggest to apply this strategy for the treatment of melanoma patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d6324b93423c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond pulsed electric field induced cytoskeleton, nuclear membrane and telomere damage adversely impact cell survival", "authors": "Stacey et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.06.002", "pmid": "21719360", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "We investigated the effects of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) on three human cell lines and demonstrated cell shrinkage, breakdown of the cytoskeleton, nuclear membrane and chromosomal telomere damage. There was a differential response between cell types coinciding with cell survival. Jurkat cells showed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8a4c8aa1896e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Multiwall carbon nanotubes as MRI contrast agents for tracking stem cells", "authors": "Vittorio et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Nanotechnology", "doi": "10.1088/0957-4484/22/9/095706", "pmid": "21270482", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "In this study we investigate the potential of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with low metal impurities (2.57% iron) as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Taking into account probable aggregation at high MWCNTs concentration analysis shows that the r(2) relaxivity of MWCNTs in 1% agarose gels at 19…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6a96cd6bc4e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Evaluation of a Novel Non-Penetrating Electrode for Use in DNA Vaccination", "authors": "Donate et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0019181", "pmid": "21559474", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Current progress in the development of vaccines has decreased the incidence of fatal and non-fatal infections and increased longevity. However, new technologies need to be developed to combat an emerging generation of infectious diseases. DNA vaccination has been demonstrated to have great potential for use with a wide variety of diseases. Alone, this technology does not generate a significant immune response for vaccination, but combined with delivery by electroporation (EP), can enhance plasmid expression and immunity. Most EP systems, while effective, can be invasive and painful making them less desirable for use in vaccination. Our lab recently developed a non-invasive electrode known as the multi-electrode array (MEA), which lies flat on the surface of the skin without penetrating the tissue. In this study we evaluated the MEA for its use in DNA vaccination using Hepatitis B virus as the infectious model. We utilized the guinea pig model because their skin is similar in thickness and morphology to humans. The plasmid encoding Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was delivered intradermally with the MEA to guinea pig skin. The results show increased protein expression resulting from plasmid delivery using the MEA as compared to injection alone. Within 48 hours of treatment, there was an influx of cellular infiltrate in experimental groups. Humoral responses were also increased significantly in both duration and intensity as compared to injection only groups. While this electrode requires further study, our results suggest that the MEA has potential for use in electrically mediated intradermal DNA vaccination.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1c852ecb9697", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electro-gene transfer to skin using a noninvasive multielectrode array", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.01.014", "pmid": "21262290", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Because of its large surface area and easy access for both delivery and monitoring, the skin is an attractive target for gene therapy for cutaneous diseases, vaccinations and several metabolic disorders. The critical factors for DNA delivery to the skin by electroporation (EP) are effective expression levels and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-282858936247", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Muscle gene electrotransfer is increased by the antioxidant tempol in mice", "authors": "Markelc et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/gt.2011.97", "pmid": "21716301", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization (EP) is an effective method of gene transfer into different tissues. During EP, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed, which could affect transfection efficiency. The role of generated ROS and the role of antioxidants in electrotransfer in myoblasts in vitro and in Musculus tibialis…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-46e55b1a5f2f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy by Electroporation Principles and Recent Advances", "authors": "Murakami et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Curr Gene Ther", "doi": "10.2174/156652311798192860", "pmid": "22023474", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Simple plasmid DNA injection is a safe and feasible gene transfer method, but it confers low transfection efficiency and transgene expression. This non-viral gene transfer method is enhanced by physical delivery methods, such as electroporation and the use of a gene gun. In vivo electroporation has been rapidly…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-14ba27bee6ea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond electric pulses cause mitochondrial membrane permeabilization in Jurkat cells", "authors": "Napotnik et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Bioelectromagnetics", "doi": "10.1002/bem.20707", "pmid": "21953203", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond, high-voltage electric pulses (nsEP) induce permeabilization of the plasma membrane and the membranes of cell organelles, leading to various responses in cells including cytochrome c release from mitochondria and caspase activation associated with apoptosis. We report here evidence for nsEP-induced…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c75ec6b426cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Direct visualization at the single-cell level of siRNA electrotransfer into cancer cells", "authors": "Paganin-Gioanni et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A", "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1103519108", "pmid": "21670256", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The RNA interference-mediated gene silencing approach is promising for therapies based on the targeted inhibition of disease-relevant genes. Electropermeabilization is one of the nonviral methods successfully used to transfer siRNA into living cells in vitro and in vivo. Although this approach is effective in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1c0a4adc1f8d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Actin Cytoskeleton Has an Active Role in the Electrotransfer of Plasmid DNA in Mammalian Cells", "authors": "Rosazza et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Mol Ther", "doi": "10.1038/mt.2010.303", "pmid": "21343915", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electrotransfer of molecules is a well established technique which finds extensive use for gene transfer and holds great promise for anticancer treatment. Despite its widespread application, the mechanisms governing the entry of DNA into the cell and its intracellular trafficking are not yet known. The aim of this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7fe0a0198b60", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Equivalent Pulse Parameters for Electroporation", "authors": "Pucihar et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2011.2167232", "pmid": "21900067", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based applications require the use of specific pulse parameters for a successful outcome. When recommended values of pulse parameters cannot be set, similar outcomes can be obtained by using equivalent pulse parameters. We determined the relations between the amplitude and duration/number of pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1da11da81ee3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Intravital microscopy at the single vessel level brings new insights of vascular modification mechanisms induced by electropermeabilization", "authors": "Bellard et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.09.010", "pmid": "23017380", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation/electropermeabilization, i.e. the result of the application of electric pulses to tissues, is a physical method for delivery of exogenous molecules into cells. It is effective particularly for compounds with limited transmembrane transport. In vivo, electropermeabilization facilitates the delivery of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e3de1b73c959", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivo MRI follow-up of murine tumors treated by electrochemotherapy and other electroporation-based treatments", "authors": "Calmels et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrt.2012.500270", "pmid": "22712607", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "In vivo cell electropermeabilization can be used alone or in combination with a hydrophilic, nonpermeant cytotoxic drug such as bleomycin (electrochemotherapy) to efficiently treat tumors. We used magnetic resonance imaging to detect rapid structural modifications in tumors treated by electroporation-based methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d9199e8f7986", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "New Modality for Electrochemotherapy of Surface Tumors", "authors": "Dotsinsky et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment", "doi": "10.5504/BBEQ.2012.0098", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is based on electroporation, which creates aqueous pathways in the cell membrane as a result of applied short intensive electric field usually generated by high voltage electrical pulses. The phenomenon enhances the simultaneous administration of cytotoxic drugs. Recently, several researchers…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3a8eb6ec6984", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Progress and Prospects", "authors": "Escoffre et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "curr pharm des", "doi": "10.2174/138161212801227087", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Treatment of recurrent or unresectable cutaneous and subcutaneaous tumors continues to be a major therapeutic challenge. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a palliative treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumor nodules for which standard treatments (e.g. radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery) have failed or proved to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fffb3bac5c95", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Direct Therapeutic Applications of Calcium Electroporation to Effectively Induce Tumor Necrosis", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3782", "pmid": "22282658", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Electroporation of cells with short, high-voltage pulses causes a transient permeabilization of cell membranes that permits passage of otherwise nonpermeating ions and molecules. In this study, we illustrate how electroporation with isotonic calcium can achieve highly effective cancer cell kill in vivo. Calcium…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0e90f84688f1", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Comparative study on the efficiency of using pulsed and direct current electrochemotherapy in treating ehrlich tumor", "authors": "Ghiasi et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Int J Biomed Sci", "doi": null, "pmid": "23675252", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "The Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous solid tumors. Electric field is applied to tumor nodules to enhance the delivery/distribution of a non-permeable or poorly permeable chemotherapeutic agent into the tumor cells thereby increasing local concentration of anticancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2256e08eb004", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation-induced changes in normal immature rat myoblasts (H9C2)", "authors": "Kaminska et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Gen Physiol Biophys", "doi": "10.4149/gpb_2012_003", "pmid": "22447827", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Application of a high electric field causes an electric shock to the heart. This is utilized in defibrillation to reestablish normal contraction rhythms during dangerous arrhythmias or in cardiac arrest. If shock-induced transmembrane potentials are large enough, they can cause tissue destruction due to irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "legacy_unverified", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ebaf0b5f855c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Educational application for visualization and analysis of electric field strength in multiple electrode electroporation", "authors": "Mahnič-Kalamiza et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "BMC Med Educ", "doi": "10.1186/1472-6920-12-102", "pmid": "23107609", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment that utilizes electric pulses in order to achieve local increase in cytotoxicity of some anticancer drugs. The success of this treatment is highly dependent on parameters such as tissue electrical properties, applied voltages and spatial relations in placement of electrodes that are used to establish a cell-permeabilizing electric field in target tissue. Non-thermal irreversible electroporation techniques for ablation of tissue depend similarly on these parameters. In the treatment planning stage, if oversimplified approximations for evaluation of electric field are used, such as U/d (voltage-to-distance ratio), sufficient field strength may not be reached within the entire target (tumor) area, potentially resulting in treatment failure. Results: In order to provide an aid in education of medical personnel performing electrochemotherapy and non-thermal irreversible electroporation for tissue ablation, assist in visualizing the electric field in needle electrode electroporation and the effects of changes in electrode placement, an application has been developed both as a desktop- and a web-based solution. It enables users to position up to twelve electrodes in a plane of adjustable dimensions representing a two-dimensional slice of tissue. By means of manipulation of electrode placement, i.e. repositioning, and the changes in electrical parameters, the users interact with the system and observe the resulting electrical field strength established by the inserted electrodes in real time. The field strength is calculated and visualized online and instantaneously reflects the desired changes, dramatically improving the user friendliness and educational value, especially compared to approaches utilizing general-purpose numerical modeling software, such as finite element modeling packages. Conclusion: In this paper we outline the need and offer a solution in medical education in the field of electroporation-based treatments, e.g. primarily electrochemotherapy and non-thermal irreversible tissue ablation. We present the background, the means of implementation and the fully functional application, which is the first of its kind. While the initial feedback from students that have evaluated this application as part of an e-learning course is positive, a formal study is planned to thoroughly evaluate the current version and identify possible future improvements and modifications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e26401579de6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivo molecular imaging and histological analysis of changes induced by electric pulses used for plasmid DNA electrotransfer to the skin: a study in a dorsal window chamber in mice", "authors": "Markelc et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-012-9435-5", "pmid": "22644389", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization/electroporation (EP) is a physical method that by application of electric pulses to cells increases cell membrane permeability and enables the introduction of molecules into the cells. One of the uses of EP in vivo is plasmid DNA electrotransfer to the skin for DNA vaccination. EP of tissues induces reduction of blood flow and, in combination with plasmid DNA, induction of an immune response. One of the EP protocols for plasmid DNA electrotransfer to the skin is a combination of high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) pulses. However, the effects of this pulse combination on skin-vessel blood flow are not known. Therefore, using intravital microscopy in a dorsal window chamber in mice and fluorescently labeled dextrans, the effects of one HV and eight LV pulses on skin vasculature were investigated. In addition, a detailed histological analysis was performed. Image analysis of fluorescence intensity changes demonstrated that EP induces a transient constriction and increased permeability of blood vessels as well as a \"vascular lock.\" Histological analysis revealed rounding up of endothelial cells and stacking up of erythrocytes at 1 h after EP. In addition, extravasation of erythrocytes and leukocyte infiltration accompanied by edema were determined up to 24 h after EP. In conclusion, our results show that blood flow modifying effects of EP in skin contribute to the infiltration of immune cells in the exposed area. When combined with plasmid DNA for vaccination, this could enable the initial and prolonged contact of immune cells with encoded therapeutic proteins.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2edc980c907d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation adopting trains of biphasic pulses enhances in vitro and in vivo the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin on multidrug resistant colon adenocarcinoma cells (LoVo)", "authors": "Meschini et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2011.11.031", "pmid": "22240284", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Few articles in the literature have focused on electroporation as a strategy to reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumour cells and they are mostly limited to the improved efficacy of bleomycin. We tested the application of trains of biphasic pulses to cell suspensions and to murine xenografts as a strategy to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4ef020d715b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy: technological advancements for efficient electroporation-based treatment of internal tumors", "authors": "Miklavčič et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Med Biol Eng Comput", "doi": "10.1007/s11517-012-0991-8", "pmid": "23179413", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy, a combination of high voltage electric pulses and of an anticancer drug, has been demonstrated to be highly effective in treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. Unique properties of electrochemotherapy (e.g., high specificity for targeting cancer cells, high degree of localization of treatment effect, capacity for preserving the innate immune response and the structure of the extracellular matrix) are facilitating its wide spread in the clinics. Due to high effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors regardless of histological origin, there are now attempts to extend its use to treatment of internal tumors. To advance the applicability of electrochemotherapy to treatment of internal solid tumors, new technological developments are needed that will enable treatment of these tumors in daily clinical practice. New electrodes through which electric pulses are delivered to target tissue need to be designed with the aim to access target tissue anywhere in the body. To increase the probability of complete tumor eradication, the electrodes have to be accurately positioned, first to provide an adequate extent of electroporation of all tumor cells and second not to damage critical healthy tissue or organs in its vicinity. This can be achieved by image guided insertion of electrodes that will enable accurate positioning of the electrodes in combination with patient-specific numerical treatment planning or using a predefined geometry of electrodes. In order to be able to use electrochemotherapy safely for treatment of internal tumors located in relative proximity of the heart (e.g., in case of liver metastases), the treatment must be performed without interfering with the heart's electrical activity. We describe recent technological advances, which allow treatment of liver and bone metastases, soft tissue sarcomas, brain tumors, and colorectal and esophageal tumors. The first clinical experiences in these novel application areas of electrochemotherapy are also described.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0fdc18077092", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor efficiency of electrochemotherapy by high and low frequencies and repetitive therapy in the treatment of invasive ductal carcinoma in BALB/c mice", "authors": "Mozdarani et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cell J", "doi": null, "pmid": "23508227", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: In electrochemotherapy (ECT), there is an unpleasant sensation of muscle contraction when using a low frequency (1 Hz). Therefore, by increasing the pulse frequency above the tetanic frequency this painful sensation can be reduced. The aim of the present study is to compare the treatment efficiencies of low…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5b6138f7dd8e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Oxidative effects of nanosecond pulsed electric field exposure in cells and cell-free media", "authors": "Pakhomova et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Arch Biochem Biophys", "doi": "10.1016/j.abb.2012.08.004", "pmid": "22910297", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) is a novel modality for permeabilization of membranous structures and intracellular delivery of xenobiotics. We hypothesized that oxidative effects of nsPEF could be a separate primary mechanism responsible for bioeffects. ROS production in cultured cells and media exposed to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b94f832b4a37", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Chemically modified oligonucleotide-increased stability negatively correlates with its efficacy despite efficient electrotransfer", "authors": "Pelofy et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-012-9468-9", "pmid": "22797942", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Despite great potential for disease treatment, small interfering RNA (siRNA) development has been hampered due to its poor stability and the lack of efficient delivery method. To overcome the sensitivity, new generations of chemically modified oligonucleotides have been developed such as the locked nucleic acid (LNA)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cca3df831b4f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Analysis of new potential markers for the immediate evaluation of electrochemotherapy using small animal imaging", "authors": "Raeisi", "year": 2012, "journal": null, "doi": "10.13097/archive-ouverte_unige_26017", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Biomedical imaging techniques play an important role in all phase of cancer management including detection, screening, biopsy guidance, staging, prognosis, therapy planning, therapy guidance, recurrence and palliation. In general, using different imaging modalities, various imaging agents and biomarkers will allow…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "doktora tezi, 162 s.", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e5b2f9a50e76", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) activate intrinsic caspase-dependent and caspase-independent cell death in Jurkat cells", "authors": "Ren et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.094", "pmid": "22554515", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "NsPEF ablation induces apoptosis markers, but specific cell death pathways have not been fully defined. To identify nsPEF-activated cell death pathways, wildtype human Jurkat cells and clones with deficiencies in extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways were investigated. NsPEFs activated caspase isozymes and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f50b7232e71b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Demonstration of cell membrane permeabilization to medium-sized molecules caused by a single 10 ns electric pulse", "authors": "Silve et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.10.002", "pmid": "22074790", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "In our study, we used bleomycin to evaluate the permeabilization caused by nanosecond duration electric pulses (nanopulses). Bleomycin is a non permeant molecule which can be used both as a sensitive and quantitative marker to evaluate cell electropermeabilization. Indeed, the penetration of as few as 500 molecules is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5372bf85453f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Utility of electrochemotherapy in melanoma treatment", "authors": "Testori et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Curr Opin Oncol", "doi": "10.1097/CCO.0b013e32834fcaa8", "pmid": "22249204", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose of review: In the present study, the role of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the advanced melanoma setting, either as alternative treatment modality to conventional therapies or as palliative care, is reviewed and the perspective to combine ECT with biological response modifiers and immunotherapeutic compounds is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5cebc4225825", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Lucifer Yellow uptake by CHO cells exposed to magnetic and electric pulses", "authors": "Towhidi et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-012-0014-2", "pmid": "23077448", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The cell membrane acts as a barrier that hinders free entrance of most hydrophilic molecules into the cell. Due to numerous applications in medicine, biology and biotechnology, the introduction of impermeant molecules into biological cells has drawn considerable attention in the past years. One of the most…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-498025067896", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Preclinical Evaluation of TriMix and Antigen mRNA-Based Antitumor Therapy", "authors": "Van Lint et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-2957", "pmid": "22337996", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The use of tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mRNA for therapeutic purposes is under active investigation. To be effective, mRNA vaccines need to deliver activation stimuli in addition to TAAs to dendritic cells (DC). In this study, we evaluated whether intranodal delivery of TAA mRNA together with TriMix, a mix of mRNA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8d7ab8f00c1c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A vaccine targeting angiomotin induces an antibody response which alters tumor vessel permeability and hampers the growth of established tumors", "authors": "Arigoni et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Angiogenesis", "doi": "10.1007/s10456-012-9263-3", "pmid": "22426512", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Angiomotin (Amot) is one of several identified angiostatin receptors expressed by the endothelia of angiogenic tissues. We have shown that a DNA vaccine targeting Amot overcome immune tolerance and induce an antibody response that hampers the progression of incipient tumors. Following our observation of increased Amot expression on tumor endothelia concomitant with the progression from pre-neoplastic lesions to full-fledged carcinoma, we evaluated the effect of anti-Amot vaccination on clinically evident tumors. Electroporation of plasmid coding for the human Amot (pAmot) significantly delayed the progression both of autochthonous tumors in cancer prone BALB-neuT and PyMT genetically engineered mice and transplantable TUBO tumor in wild-type BALB/c mice. The intensity of the inhibition directly correlated with the titer of anti-Amot antibodies induced by the vaccine. Tumor inhibition was associated with an increase of vessels diameter with the formation of lacunar spaces, increase in vessel permeability, massive tumor perivascular necrosis and an effective epitope spreading that induces an immune response against other tumor associated antigens. Greater tumor vessel permeability also markedly enhances the antitumor effect of doxorubicin. These data provide a rationale for the development of novel anticancer treatments based on anti-Amot vaccination in conjunction with chemotherapy regimens.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d89b446b9a37", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Hyaluronidase and collagenase increase the transfection efficiency of gene electrotransfer in various murine tumors", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Hum Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1089/hum.2011.073", "pmid": "21797718", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "One of the applications of electroporation/electropulsation in biomedicine is gene electrotransfer, the wider use of which is hindered by low transfection efficiency in vivo compared with viral vectors. The aim of our study was to determine whether modulation of the extracellular matrix in solid tumors, using…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6532f81e2b31", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "First explanations for differences in electrotransfection efficiency in vitro and in vivo using spheroid model", "authors": "Chopinet et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Int J Pharm", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.04.054", "pmid": "21554940", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electro-gene-therapy is a promising technique for cancer treatment. However, knowledge about mechanism of gene transfer with electric field in tumor is limited. Whereas in vitro electrotransfection is efficient, gene expression in tumoral cells in vivo is weak. To determine reasons for this difference and unravel gene…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d3a3a0fb3093", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "What you always needed to know about electroporation based DNA vaccines", "authors": "Gothelf et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Hum Vaccin Immunother", "doi": "10.4161/hv.22062", "pmid": "23111168", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Vaccinations are increasingly used to fight infectious disease, and DNA vaccines offer considerable advantages, including broader possibilities for vaccination and lack of need for cold storage. It has been amply demonstrated, that electroporation augments uptake of DNA in both skin and muscle, and it is foreseen that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5cbd96d6891d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electro‐gene‐transfer as a new tool for cancer immunotherapy in animals", "authors": "Impellizeri et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12006", "pmid": "23095099", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The concept of vaccines based on the direct inoculation of plasmid DNA gained initial proof-of-concept in small rodent species. Further development was hampered by the difficulty to confirm immunogenicity and efficacy in large animal species and, most importantly, in human clinical trials. These negative findings led…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dc313ed3aa30", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Contactless magneto-permeabilization for intracellular plasmid DNA delivery in-vivo", "authors": "Kardos et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Hum Vaccin Immunother", "doi": "10.4161/hv.21576", "pmid": "22894955", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, an attractive process for delivering DNA and other molecules into target cells in vivo and in vitro is limited by the necessity of electrodes that need to be in contact with the subject or object to be electroporated. We have used magnetic fields, which do not require material contact with the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-178c989f6edc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cholesterol implications in plasmid DNA electrotransfer: Evidence for the involvement of endocytotic pathways", "authors": "Rosazza et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Int J Pharm", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.05.024", "pmid": "21601622", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The delivery of therapeutic molecules such as plasmid DNA in cells and tissues by means of electric fields holds great promise for anticancer treatment. To allow for their therapeutic action, the molecules have first to traverse the cell membrane. The mechanisms by which the electrotransferred pDNA interacts with and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5d2db586ba32", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intratumoral electroporation of IL-12 cDNA eradicates established melanomas by Trp2(180-188)-specific CD8+ CTLs in a perforin/granzyme-mediated and IFN-γ-dependent manner: application of Trp2(180-188) peptides", "authors": "Sin et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Immunother", "doi": "10.1007/s00262-012-1214-8", "pmid": "22382361", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Intratumoral electroporation (IT-EP) with IL-12 cDNA (IT-EP/IL12) can lead to the eradication of established B16 melanoma tumors in mice. Here, we explore the immunological mechanism of the antitumor effects generated by this therapy. The results show that IT-EP/IL12 applied only once resulted in eradication in 70%…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3198f31e632a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Towards Electroporation Based Treatment Planning considering Electric Field Induced Muscle Contractions", "authors": "Golberg et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrt.2012.500249", "pmid": "22335414", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "The electric field threshold for muscle contraction is two orders of magnitudes lower than that for electroporation. Current electroporation treatment planning and electrode design studies focus on optimizing the delivery of electroporation electric fields to the targeted tissue. The goal of one part of this study was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dcbd17cc0289", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Patient-specific treatment planning of electrochemotherapy Procedure design and possible pitfalls", "authors": "Pavliha et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2012.01.007", "pmid": "22341626", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy uses electroporation for enhancing chemotherapy. Electrochemotherapy can be performed using standard operating procedures with predefined electrode geometries, or using patient-specific treatment planning to predict electroporation. The latter relies on realistic computer models to provide optimal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-05df9f8f3e40", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Treatment planning of electroporation-based medical interventions: electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer and irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Zupanic et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/0031-9155/57/17/5425", "pmid": "22864181", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In recent years, cancer electrochemotherapy (ECT), gene electrotransfer for gene therapy and DNA vaccination (GET) and tissue ablation with irreversible electroporation (IRE) have all entered clinical practice. We present a method for a personalized treatment planning procedure for ECT, GET and IRE, based on medical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-329a364a5304", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The endothelial permeability increased by low voltage and high frequency electroporation", "authors": "Bagheri et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Biomed Phys Eng", "doi": null, "pmid": "25505752", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: Propose: Standard electroporation and electrochemotherapy caused the endothelial cell permeability and reduction in tumor blood flow. The effects of low voltage and high frequency electroporation on the endothelial cells permeability and viability were expected. Therefore, the propose of present study was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-54123a6342ea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Induction of Cell Death Mechanisms and Apoptosis by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields (nsPEFs)", "authors": "Beebe et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Cells", "doi": "10.3390/cells2010136", "pmid": "24709649", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Pulse power technology using nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) offers a new stimulus to modulate cell functions or induce cell death for cancer cell ablation. New data and a literature review demonstrate fundamental and basic cellular mechanisms when nsPEFs interact with cellular targets. NsPEFs supra-electroporate cells creating large numbers of nanopores in all cell membranes. While nsPEFs have multiple cellular targets, these studies show that nsPEF-induced dissipation of ΔΨm closely parallels deterioration in cell viability. Increases in intracellular Ca2+ alone were not sufficient for cell death; however, cell death depended of the presence of Ca2+. When both events occur, cell death ensues. Further, direct evidence supports the hypothesis that pulse rise-fall times or high frequency components of nsPEFs are important for decreasing ΔΨm and cell viability. Evidence indicates in Jurkat cells that cytochrome c release from mitochondria is caspase-independent indicating an absence of extrinsic apoptosis and that cell death can be caspase-dependent and -independent. The Ca2+ dependence of nsPEF-induced dissipation of ΔΨm suggests that nanoporation of inner mitochondria membranes is less likely and effects on a Ca2+-dependent protein(s) or the membrane in which it is embedded are more likely a target for nsPEF-induced cell death. The mitochondria permeability transition pore (mPTP) complex is a likely candidate. Data demonstrate that nsPEFs can bypass cancer mutations that evade apoptosis through mechanisms at either the DISC or the apoptosome.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7f33ecd3f7d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Microfluidic electroporation for cellular analysis and delivery", "authors": "Geng et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Lab Chip", "doi": "10.1039/c3lc50566a", "pmid": "23917998", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electroporation is a simple yet powerful technique for breaching the cell membrane barrier. The applications of electroporation can be generally divided into two categories: the release of intracellular proteins, nucleic acids and other metabolites for analysis and the delivery of exogenous reagents such as genes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ba6199ac24a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor drug delivery in multicellular spheroids by electropermeabilization", "authors": "Gibot et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.021", "pmid": "23385033", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a physical technique that allows cytotoxic molecules to be efficiently released in tumor cells by inducing transient cell plasma membrane permeabilization. The main antitumoral drugs used in ECT are nonpermeant bleomycin and low permeant cisplatin. The method is nowadays applied in clinics…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d951d96e3b43", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tumor size and effectiveness of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mali et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2013-0002", "pmid": "23450195", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective and safe method for local treatment of tumors. However, relatively large variability in effectiveness of ECT has been observed, which likely results from different treatment conditions and tumor characteristics. The aim of this study was to investigate the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9b6b29cf6917", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Magnetic fields with frequency of 217 Hz can reduce cell apoptosis caused by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mansourian et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.3109/15368378.2012.708693", "pmid": "23320581", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Nowadays, due to the wide use of mobile phones, extensive studies have been carried out on the effects of magnetic field (MF) on public health. In this paper, we study the effect of 217 Hz MF similar to that generated by GSM900 mobile phones on cancer and healthy cells treated with electric pulse and cytotoxic drug…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-61b37c308066", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and heart function: Treatment in a patient with implantable cardioverter defibrillator/pace-maker", "authors": "Marandola et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "WJA", "doi": "10.5313/wja.v2.i2.14", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy and heart function: Treatment in a patient with implantable cardioverter defibrillator/pace-maker", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc" }, { "id": "ref-e39d01aad066", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Differential mechanisms associated with vascular disrupting action of electrochemotherapy: intravital microscopy on the level of single normal and tumor blood vessels", "authors": "Markelc et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0059557", "pmid": "23555705", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization/electroporation (EP) provides a tool for the introduction of molecules into cells and tissues. In electrochemotherapy (ECT), cytotoxic drugs are introduced into cells in tumors, and nucleic acids are introduced into cells in gene electrotransfer. The normal and tumor tissue blood flow modifying effects of EP and the vascular disrupting effect of ECT in tumors have already been determined. However, differential effects between normal vs. tumor vessels, to ensure safety in the clinical application of ECT, have not been determined yet. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the effects of EP and ECT with bleomycin on the HT-29 human colon carcinoma tumor model and its surrounding blood vessels. The response of blood vessels to EP and ECT was monitored in real time, directly at the single blood vessel level, by in vivo optical imaging in a dorsal window chamber in SCID mice with 70 kDa fluorescently labeled dextrans. The response of tumor blood vessels to EP and ECT started to differ within the first hour. Both therapies induced a vascular lock, decreased functional vascular density (FVD) and increased the diameter of functional blood vessels within the tumor. The effects were more pronounced for ECT, which destroyed the tumor blood vessels within 24 h. Although the vasculature surrounding the tumor was affected by EP and ECT, it remained functional. The study confirms the current model of tumor blood flow modifying effects of EP and provides conclusive evidence that ECT is a vascular disrupting therapy with a specific effect on the tumor blood vessels.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9ea9a4caff37", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "In vitro and numerical support for combinatorial irreversible electroporation and electrochemotherapy glioma treatment", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-013-0923-2", "pmid": "24165928", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) achieves targeted volume non-thermal focal ablation using a series of brief electric pulses to kill cells by disrupting membrane integrity. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) uses lower numbers of sub-lethal electric pulses to disrupt membranes for improved drug uptake. Malignant glioma (MG)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7040e8718a5d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Facilitation of electroporative drug uptake and cell killing by electrosensitization", "authors": "Pakhomova et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Cell Mol Med", "doi": "10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01658.x", "pmid": "23305510", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cell permeabilization by electric pulses (EP), or electroporation, is widely used for intracellular delivery of drugs and plasmids, as well as for tumour and tissue ablation. We found that cells pre-treated with 100-μs EP develop delayed hypersensitivity to subsequent EP applications. Sensitizing B16 and CHO cells by splitting a single train of eight 100-μs EP into two trains of four EP each (with 5-min. interval) decreased the LD(50) 1.5-2 times. Sensitization profoundly enhanced the electroporation-assisted uptake of bleomycin, a cell-impermeable cytotoxic agent accepted for killing tumours by electrochemotherapy. EP exposures that were not lethal per se caused cell death in the presence of bleomycin and proportionally to its concentration. Sensitizing cells by a split-dose EP exposure increased bleomycin-mediated lethality to the same extent as a 10-fold increase in bleomycin concentration when using a single EP dose. Likewise, sensitization by a split-dose EP exposure (without changing the overall dose, pulse number, or amplitude) enhanced the electroporative uptake of propidium up to fivefold. Enhancement of the electroporative uptake appears a key mechanism of electrosensitization and may benefit electrochemotherapy and numerous applications that employ EP for cell permeabilization.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c4d31c494fcf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Planning of Electroporation-Based Treatments Using Web-Based Treatment-Planning Software", "authors": "Pavliha et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-013-9567-2", "pmid": "23780414", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based treatment combining high-voltage electric pulses and poorly permanent cytotoxic drugs, i.e., electrochemotherapy (ECT), is currently used for treating superficial tumor nodules by following standard operating procedures. Besides ECT, another electroporation-based treatment, nonthermal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-693a93b09ec7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Fem-Driven Parameter Optimization of an Electrochemotherapy Catheter Prototype", "authors": "Ritter et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Biomed Tech (Berl)", "doi": "10.1515/bmt-2013-4339", "pmid": "24043068", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Article Fem-Driven Parameter Optimization of an Electrochemotherapy Catheter Prototype was published on September 7, 2013 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 58, issue SI-1-Track-N).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-f60cf097a944", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Primary pathways of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization by nanosecond pulsed electric field", "authors": "Semenov et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.032", "pmid": "23220180", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Permeabilization of cell membranous structures by nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) triggers transient rise of cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)), which determines multifarious downstream effects. By using fast ratiometric Ca(2+) imaging with Fura-2, we quantified the external Ca(2+) uptake, compared…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-08d9cf6abdde", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optimization of electric pulse amplitude and frequency in vitro for low voltage and high frequency electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Shankayi et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-013-9617-9", "pmid": "24271721", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "During standard electrochemotherapy (ECT), using a train of 1,000 V/cm amplitude rectangular pulses with 1 Hz frequency, patients experience an unpleasant sensation and slight edema. According to the patients, muscle contractions provoked by high amplitude (about 1,000 V/cm) and low repetition frequency (1 Hz) pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e2b18f64ee78", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-density distributed electrode network, a multi-functional electroporation method for delivery of molecules of different sizes", "authors": "Wu et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep03370", "pmid": "24284649", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "We present a multi-functional electroporation method for delivery of biomolecule utilizing a high-density distributed electrode network (HDEN) under tri-phase electric stimulation. The HDEN device, with which drastic pH change during the electroporation was avoided,was demonstrated to be highly effective for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c0faa838fb4e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Sequential multi-molecule delivery using vortex-assisted electroporation", "authors": "Yun et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Lab Chip", "doi": "10.1039/c3lc50196e", "pmid": "23727978", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "We developed an on-chip microscale electroporation system that enables sequential delivery of multiple molecules with precise and independent dosage controllability into pre-selected identical populations of target cells. The ability to trap cells with uniform size distribution contributed to enhanced molecular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ec98f312e0a2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cancer vaccination by electro-gene-transfer", "authors": "Aurisicchio et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Expert Rev Vaccines", "doi": "10.1586/14760584.2013.836903", "pmid": "24066796", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Therapeutic vaccination could become an important modality to fight cancer. Efficacious immune responses against cancer cells have to be directed simultaneously against multiple epitopes belonging to tumor-associated antigens and will require the involvement of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells as well as antibodies. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f7239064e051", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation in DNA Vaccination Protocols Against Cancer", "authors": "Chiarella et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Curr Drug Metab", "doi": "10.2174/1389200211314030004", "pmid": "23116110", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Since conventional therapeutic approaches in cancer are highly invasive they hardly prolong patient survival for more than few months. Having the ability to stimulate both cellular and humoural immune responses, immunisation with naked plasmid DNA encoding tumour-associated antigens or tumour-specific antigens has…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8441a0961578", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Phase 1 studies of the safety and immunogenicity of electroporated HER2/CEA DNA vaccine followed by adenoviral boost immunization in patients with solid tumors", "authors": "Diaz et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-11-62", "pmid": "23497415", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: DNA electroporation has been demonstrated in preclinical models to be a promising strategy to improve cancer immunity, especially when combined with other genetic vaccines in heterologous prime-boost protocols. We report the results of 2 multicenter phase 1 trials involving adult cancer patients (n=33) with stage II-IV disease. Methods: Patients were vaccinated with V930 alone, a DNA vaccine containing equal amounts of plasmids expressing the extracellular and trans-membrane domains of human HER2, and a plasmid expressing CEA fused to the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat labile toxin (Study 1), or a heterologous prime-boost vaccination approach with V930 followed by V932, a dicistronic adenovirus subtype-6 viral vector vaccine coding for the same antigens (Study 2). Results: The use of the V930 vaccination with electroporation alone or in combination with V932 was well-tolerated without any serious adverse events. In both studies, the most common vaccine-related side effects were injection site reactions and arthralgias. No measurable cell-mediated immune response (CMI) to CEA or HER2 was detected in patients by ELISPOT; however, a significant increase of both cell-mediated immunity and antibody titer against the bacterial heat labile toxin were observed upon vaccination. Conclusion: V930 vaccination alone or in combination with V932 was well tolerated without any vaccine-related serious adverse effects, and was able to induce measurable immune responses against bacterial antigen. However, the prime-boost strategy did not appear to augment any detectable CMI responses against either CEA or HER2. Trial registration: Study 1 - ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00250419; Study 2 - ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00647114.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1f0ed99502bf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Safety and efficacy of a genetic vaccine targeting telomerase plus chemotherapy for the therapy of canine B-cell lymphoma", "authors": "Gavazza et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Hum Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1089/hum.2013.112", "pmid": "23902422", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Client-owned pet dogs represent exceptional translational models for advancement of cancer research because they reflect the complex heterogeneity observed in human cancer. We have recently shown that a genetic vaccine targeting dog telomerase reverse transcriptase (dTERT) and based on adenovirus DNA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3940b2935a4f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Evaluation of p21 promoter for interleukin 12 radiation induced transcriptional targeting in a mouse tumor model", "authors": "Kamensek", "year": 2013, "journal": "Mol Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/1476-4598-12-136", "pmid": "24219565", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Radiation induced transcriptional targeting is a gene therapy approach that takes advantage of the targeting abilities of radiotherapy by using radio inducible promoters to spatially and temporally limit the transgene expression. Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A), also known as p21, is a crucial regulator of the cell cycle, mediating G1 phase arrest in response to a variety of stress stimuli, including DNA damaging agents like irradiation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of the p21 promoter for radiation induced transcriptional targeting with the objective to test the therapeutic effectiveness of the combined radio-gene therapy with p21 promoter driven therapeutic gene interleukin 12. Methods: To test the inducibility of the p21 promoter, three reporter gene experimental models with green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of p21 promoter were established by gene electrotransfer of plasmid DNA: stably transfected cells, stably transfected tumors, and transiently transfected muscles. Induction of reporter gene expression after irradiation was determined using a fluorescence microplate reader in vitro and by non-invasive fluorescence imaging using fluorescence stereomicroscope in vivo. The antitumor effect of the plasmid encoding the p21 promoter driven interleukin 12 after radio-gene therapy was determined by tumor growth delay assay and by quantification of intratumoral and serum levels of interleukin 12 protein and intratumoral concentrations of interleukin 12 mRNA. Results: Using the reporter gene experimental models, p21 promoter was proven to be inducible with radiation, the induction was not dose dependent, and it could be re-induced. Furthermore radio-gene therapy with interleukin 12 under control of the p21 promoter had a good antitumor therapeutic effect with the statistically relevant tumor growth delay, which was comparable to that of the same therapy using a constitutive promoter. Conclusions: In this study p21 promoter was proven to be a suitable candidate for radiation induced transcriptional targeting. As a proof of principle the therapeutic value was demonstrated with the radio-inducible interleukin 12 plasmid providing a synergistic antitumor effect to radiotherapy alone, which makes this approach feasible for the combined treatment with radiotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-222d09a5a9e6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Robust, efficient, and practical electrogene transfer method for human mesenchymal stem cells using square electric pulses", "authors": "Liew et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Hum Gene Ther Methods", "doi": "10.1089/hgtb.2012.159", "pmid": "23931158", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent nonhematopoietic cells with the ability to differentiate into various specific cell types, thus holding great promise for regenerative medicine. Early clinical trials have proven that MSC-based therapy is safe, with possible efficacy in various diseased states. Moreover…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-86ef65285b18", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Intracellular Tracking of Single-plasmid DNA Particles After Delivery by Electroporation", "authors": "Rosazza et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Mol Ther", "doi": "10.1038/mt.2013.182", "pmid": "23941812", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a physical method of transferring molecules into cells and tissues. It takes advantage of the transient permeabilization of the cell membrane induced by electric field pulses, which gives hydrophilic molecules access to the cytoplasm. This method offers high transfer efficiency for small molecules…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-01828396362c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vitro targeted gene electrotransfer to endothelial cells with plasmid DNA containing human endothelin-1 promoter", "authors": "Tesic et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-013-9548-5", "pmid": "23652810", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Development of recombinant DNA technologies has allowed us to create new delivery systems that target specific cell types and that can be used in gene therapy. One of these targets is vascular endothelium because of its important role in tumor angiogenesis. For tumor endothelium-specific targeting, we prepared plasmid…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b5e5e0842295", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Modeling of electric field distribution in tissues during electroporation", "authors": "Corovic et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-12-16", "pmid": "23433433", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation based therapies and treatments (e.g. electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer for gene therapy and DNA vaccination, tissue ablation with irreversible electroporation and transdermal drug delivery) require a precise prediction of the therapy or treatment outcome by a personalized treatment planning procedure. Numerical modeling of local electric field distribution within electroporated tissues has become an important tool in treatment planning procedure in both clinical and experimental settings. Recent studies have reported that the uncertainties in electrical properties (i.e. electric conductivity of the treated tissues and the rate of increase in electric conductivity due to electroporation) predefined in numerical models have large effect on electroporation based therapy and treatment effectiveness. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the increase in electric conductivity of tissues needs to be taken into account when modeling tissue response to the electroporation pulses and how it affects the local electric distribution within electroporated tissues. Methods: We built 3D numerical models for single tissue (one type of tissue, e.g. liver) and composite tissue (several types of tissues, e.g. subcutaneous tumor). Our computer simulations were performed by using three different modeling approaches that are based on finite element method: inverse analysis, nonlinear parametric and sequential analysis. We compared linear (i.e. tissue conductivity is constant) model and non-linear (i.e. tissue conductivity is electric field dependent) model. By calculating goodness of fit measure we compared the results of our numerical simulations to the results of in vivo measurements. Results: The results of our study show that the nonlinear models (i.e. tissue conductivity is electric field dependent: σ(E)) fit experimental data better than linear models (i.e. tissue conductivity is constant). This was found for both single tissue and composite tissue. Our results of electric field distribution modeling in linear model of composite tissue (i.e. in the subcutaneous tumor model that do not take into account the relationship σ(E)) showed that a very high electric field (above irreversible threshold value) was concentrated only in the stratum corneum while the target tumor tissue was not successfully treated. Furthermore, the calculated volume of the target tumor tissue exposed to the electric field above reversible threshold in the subcutaneous model was zero assuming constant conductivities of each tissue.Our results also show that the inverse analysis allows for identification of both baseline tissue conductivity (i.e. conductivity of non-electroporated tissue) and tissue conductivity vs. electric field (σ(E)) of electroporated tissue. Conclusion: Our results of modeling of electric field distribution in tissues during electroporation show that the changes in electrical conductivity due to electroporation need to be taken into account when an electroporation based treatment is planned or investigated. We concluded that the model of electric field distribution that takes into account the increase in electric conductivity due to electroporation yields more precise prediction of successfully electroporated target tissue volume. The findings of our study can significantly contribute to the current development of individualized patient-specific electroporation based treatment planning.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d4a4546ac7e2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy A systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Mali et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2012.08.016", "pmid": "22980492", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: This systematic review has two purposes: to consolidate the current knowledge about clinical effectiveness of electrochemotherapy, a highly effective local therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors; and to investigate the differences in effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with respect to tumor type…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8d6051f6e998", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Locally enhanced chemotherapy by electroporation: clinical experiences and perspective of use of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Cadossi et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Future Oncol", "doi": "10.2217/fon.13.235", "pmid": "24799067", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is used to enhance drug diffusion and gene delivery into the cytosol. The combination of electroporation and cytotoxic drugs, electrochemotherapy (ECT), is used to treat metastatic tumor nodules located at the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The objective response rate following a single session of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d0187ff7120b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A new grid electrode for electrochemotherapy treatment of large skin tumors", "authors": "Castiello et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.", "doi": "10.1109/TDEI.2014.004471", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local anticancer treatment for superficial tumors which involves the administration of a chemotherapeutic drug followed by short, high-voltage pulses. Incipient clinical experience with breast cancer patients are encouraging, with a local complete response rate ranging from 50 to 90%…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a36dedc40a24", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Calcium electroporation in three cell lines: a comparison of bleomycin and calcium, calcium compounds, and pulsing conditions", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.12.003", "pmid": "24342489", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation with calcium (calcium electroporation) can induce ATP depletion-associated cellular death. In the clinical setting, the cytotoxic drug bleomycin is currently used with electroporation (electrochemotherapy) for palliative treatment of tumors. Calcium electroporation offers several advantages…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e966542258b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A numerical investigation of the electric and thermal cell kill distributions in electroporation-based therapies in tissue", "authors": "Garcia et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0103083", "pmid": "25115970", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based therapies are powerful biotechnological tools for enhancing the delivery of exogeneous agents or killing tissue with pulsed electric fields (PEFs). Electrochemotherapy (ECT) and gene therapy based on gene electrotransfer (EGT) both use reversible electroporation to deliver chemotherapeutics or plasmid DNA into cells, respectively. In both ECT and EGT, the goal is to permeabilize the cell membrane while maintaining high cell viability in order to facilitate drug or gene transport into the cell cytoplasm and induce a therapeutic response. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) results in cell kill due to exposure to PEFs without drugs and is under clinical evaluation for treating otherwise unresectable tumors. These PEF therapies rely mainly on the electric field distributions and do not require changes in tissue temperature for their effectiveness. However, in immediate vicinity of the electrodes the treatment may results in cell kill due to thermal damage because of the inhomogeneous electric field distribution and high current density during the electroporation-based therapies. Therefore, the main objective of this numerical study is to evaluate the influence of pulse number and electrical conductivity in the predicted cell kill zone due to irreversible electroporation and thermal damage. Specifically, we simulated a typical IRE protocol that employs ninety 100-µs PEFs. Our results confirm that it is possible to achieve predominant cell kill due to electroporation if the PEF parameters are chosen carefully. However, if either the pulse number and/or the tissue conductivity are too high, there is also potential to achieve cell kill due to thermal damage in the immediate vicinity of the electrodes. Therefore, it is critical for physicians to be mindful of placement of electrodes with respect to critical tissue structures and treatment parameters in order to maintain the non-thermal benefits of electroporation and prevent unnecessary damage to surrounding healthy tissue, critical vascular structures, and/or adjacent organs.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4f4ce733e2af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Modulation of activity of known cytotoxic ruthenium(III) compound (KP418) with hampered transmembrane transport in electrochemotherapy in vitro and in vivo", "authors": "Hudej et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-014-9696-2", "pmid": "24957014", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "To increase electrochemotherapy (ECT) applicability, the effectiveness of new drugs is being tested in combination with electroporation. Among them two ruthenium(III) compounds, (imH)[trans-RuCl4(im)(DMSO-S)] (NAMI-A) and Na[trans-RuCl4(ind)2] (KP1339), proved to possess increased antitumor effectiveness when combined…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1f79cf11f6fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation in cancer therapy without insertion of electrodes", "authors": "Lekner", "year": 2014, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/0031-9155/59/20/6031", "pmid": "25229176", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation in cancer therapy in which elongated micron-sized conductors are used to enhance an externally applied electric field is investigated. Such field enhancement was previously used in carbon and boron nitride nanotube electropermeabilization. It is envisaged that the micro-conductors would be injected…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2ab8f1078a9a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Low-magnification image analysis of Giemsa stained, electroporation and bleomycin treated endothelial monolayers provides reliable monolayer integrity data", "authors": "Meulenberg et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Toxicol In Vitro", "doi": "10.1016/j.tiv.2013.12.020", "pmid": "24412537", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro cell model for studying the in vivo observed vascular effect, induced by exposing blood vessels to changing electric field strengths. Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were cultured as monolayers on 8 chamber glass slides as a model of capillary wall…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b499e2903dd3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy from the drawing board into medical practice", "authors": "Miklavčič et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-13-29", "pmid": "24621079", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment of cancer employing electric pulses to improve transmembrane transfer of cytotoxic drugs. In this paper we discuss electrochemotherapy from the perspective of biomedical engineering and review the steps needed to move such a treatment from initial prototypes into clinical practice. In the paper also basic theory of electrochemotherapy and preclinical studies in vitro and in vivo are briefly reviewed. Following this we present a short review of recent clinical publications and discuss implementation of electrochemotherapy into standard of care for treatment of skin tumors, and use of electrochemotherapy for other targets such as head and neck cancer, deep-seated tumors in the liver and intestinal tract, and brain metastases. Electrodes used in these specific cases are presented with their typical voltage amplitudes used in electrochemotherapy. Finally, key points on what should be investigated in the future are presented and discussed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fc60ee1b3c49", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy – A novel cancer treatment", "authors": "O’Sullivan", "year": 2014, "journal": "Electroporation-Based Therapies for Cancer", "doi": "10.1533/9781908818294.1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "There are so many cancer patients for whom the current standard of cure doesn’t work. Electrochemotherapy could serve as an attractive alternative to many of these patients who have inoperable, chemo-and radio-resistant tumors. This technique is safe, simple, effective and budget-friendly.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-506051b956f8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Mcam Silencing With RNA Interference Using Magnetofection has Antitumor Effect in Murine Melanoma", "authors": "Prosen", "year": 2014, "journal": "Mol Ther Nucleic Acids", "doi": "10.1038/mtna.2014.56", "pmid": "25350580", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) is involved in melanoma development and its progression, including invasiveness, metastatic potential and angiogenesis. Therefore, MCAM represents a potential target for gene therapy of melanoma, whose expression could be hindered with posttranscriptional specific gene silencing with RNA interference technology. In this study, we constructed a plasmid DNA encoding short hairpin RNA against MCAM (pMCAM) to explore the antitumor and antiangiogenic effects. The experiments were performed in vitro on murine melanoma and endothelial cells, as well as in vivo on melanoma tumors in mice. The antiproliferative, antimigratory, antiangiogenic and antitumor effects were examined after gene therapy with pMCAM. Gene delivery was performed by magnetofection, and its efficacy compared to gene electrotransfer. Gene therapy with pMCAM has proved to be an effective approach in reducing the proliferation and migration of melanoma cells, as well as having antiangiogenic effect in endothelial cells and antitumor effect on melanoma tumors. Magnetofection as a developing nonviral gene delivery system was effective in the transfection of melanoma cells and tumors with pMCAM, but less efficient than gene electrotransfer in in vivo tumor gene therapy due to the lack of antiangiogenic effect after silencing Mcam by magnetofection.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ce1b3f5f55a6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "An in vitro study of electroporation of leukemia and cervical cancer cells", "authors": "Ramachandran et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Electroporation-Based Therapies for Cancer", "doi": "10.1533/9781908818294.161", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Cancer therapies mainly target the uncontrolled proliferation of the cancerous cells. A translational therapy for inoperable, chemo- and radio-resistant tumors is electroporationbased chemotherapy, known as electrochemotherapy, a physical means of using electrical pulses in conjunction with minimal doses of the chemo…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1ec80d5407ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation Transiently Decreases GJB2 (Connexin 26) Expression in B16 BL6 Melanoma Cell Line", "authors": "Rangel et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-014-9735-z", "pmid": "25298064", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Connexins are proteins that form gap junctions. Perturbations in the cell membrane reportedly promote changes in the expression profile of connexins. Electroporation promotes destabilization by applying electrical pulses, and this procedure is used in electrochemotherapy and gene therapy, among others. This in vitro…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3ea0da53e5dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation of heterogeneous lipid membranes", "authors": "Reigada", "year": 2014, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.10.008", "pmid": "24144543", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is the basis for the transfection of genetic material and for drug delivery to cells, including electrochemotherapy for cancer. By means of molecular dynamics many aspects of membrane electroporation have been unveiled at the molecular detail in simple, homogeneous, lipid bilayers. However, the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ebe2936c5379", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Definition of novel electrochemotherapy parameters and validation of their in vitro and in vivo effectiveness", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Cell Physiol", "doi": "10.1002/jcp.24548", "pmid": "24403005", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a cancer therapy that conjugates the administration of a chemotherapy agent to the delivery of permeabilizing pulses released singularly or as bursts. This approach results in higher number of anticancer molecules delivered to their biological targets, but is also associated to undesirable…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3962cef0fe56", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation-Based Technologies for Medicine Principles, Applications, and Challenges", "authors": "Yarmush et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Annu Rev Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071813-104622", "pmid": "24905876", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "When high-amplitude, short-duration pulsed electric fields are applied to cells and tissues, the permeability of the cell membranes and tissue is increased. This increase in permeability is currently explained by the temporary appearance of aqueous pores within the cell membrane, a phenomenon termed electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9d1d22f698d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optimization of a gene electrotransfer procedure for efficient intradermal immunization with an hTERT-based DNA vaccine in mice", "authors": "Calvet", "year": 2014, "journal": "Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev", "doi": "10.1038/mtm.2014.45", "pmid": "26015983", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "DNA vaccination consists in administering an antigen-encoding plasmid in order to trigger a specific immune response. This specific vaccine strategy is of particular interest to fight against various infectious diseases and cancer. Gene electrotransfer is the most efficient and safest non-viral gene transfer procedure…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-16337ac8fe16", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Dual therapeutic benefit of electroporation-mediated DNA vaccination in vivo: Enhanced gene transfer and adjuvant activity", "authors": "Calvet et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.4161/onci.28540", "pmid": "25050220", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "DNA vaccination consists of administering an antigen-coding nucleotide sequence. In order to improve the efficacy of DNA vaccines, electroporation is one of the most commonly used methods to enhance DNA uptake. Here, we discuss additional immunological effects of electroporation that are key aspects for inducing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5ce63c05bd8f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Novel vaccine regimen elicits strong airway immune responses and control of respiratory syncytial virus in nonhuman primates", "authors": "Grunwald et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Virol", "doi": "10.1128/JVI.02736-13", "pmid": "24453366", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: Induction of long-lasting immunity against viral respiratory tract infections remains an elusive goal. Using a nonhuman primate model of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection, we compared mucosal and systemic immune responses induced by different DNA delivery approaches to a novel parenteral…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-233bb264ff2c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene electrotransfer enhanced by nanosecond pulsed electric fields", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev", "doi": "10.1038/mtm.2014.43", "pmid": "26015981", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The impact of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) on gene electrotransfer has not been clearly demonstrated in previous studies. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of nsPEFs on the delivery of plasmids encoding luciferase or green fluorescent protein and subsequent expression in HACAT…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e2b1c42ce36c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and inducible T cell co-stimulator (iCOS) antibody therapy: a novel combinational therapy for the enhanced treatment in cancers of poor prognosis", "authors": "O'Brien et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Immunother Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/2051-1426-2-s3-p116", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Meeting abstracts The correlation between the level of immune involvement and immune cell infiltration within a treated tumour and the clinical outcome for patients has been well established in many solid tumour types. High numbers of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes has been associated with a", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-e4b6d509f127", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Combination therapy with ipilimumab and electrochemotherapy: preliminary efficacy results and correlation with immunological parameters", "authors": "Simeone et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-12-s1-o5", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Ipilimumab is the first agent approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma that showed a survival benefit in randomized phase 3 trials. Despite the survival benefit, due to its mechanism of action it is associated with a slow onset and low rate of responses and, in many cases, responses occur after other therapies, like chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiotherapy. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been shown to be effective and well tolerated for local control of metastatic melanoma with superficial lesions. The current challenge is to improve ipilimumab efficacy by combination/sequence with other therapies. We performed a pilot study of combination with ipilimumab and ECT in order to verify the possible increase of response rate. Furthermore, due to the lack of predictive markers, we evaluated the possible predictive role of circulating T-regulatory cells (T-Reg) variations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of treated patients. We collected data from 15 patients (pts) with advanced melanoma (9 stage IIIc and 6 stage IV M1c) treated with ipilimumab at 3 mg/kg every 3 weeks for 4 cycles (day 1) and ECT with bleomycine at 15 mg/m2 (day 2) on superficial lesions. Blood draws were collected on day 0, 1 and 2, then on day 15 and 30 from ECT, at each cycle of ipilimumab and at every tumor evaluation (every 12 weeks). PBMC were thawed and labeled with anti-CD4-Pe-Cy-5, CD25-Pe and anti-FoxP3-AlexaFlour488 for T-Reg. 10/15 (67%) pts showed local objective responses (4 CR and 6 PR). 7/10 (70%) pts showed local response (6 PR and 1 CR) after the second ipilimumab dose and 3/10 showed response (3 CR) at week 12. Two pts with PR (28%) out of the group of 7 showed response on distant lesions at week 24 (abscopal effect). All pts are still alive with a median follow up of 12.4 months (range 6-18). We found in all responders a decrease of T-Reg of 0.10% (range 0.50-2.6%) per cycle and no variation of CD4+ and CD25+ lymphocytes. Furthermore 5/15 pts not responders had a delayed stable disease (local and distant) at week 16, with no variations of T-Regs. Our preliminary results show that a combination approach with ipilimumab and ECT may increase responses to ipilimumab. T-Reg decrease in PBMC could be associated with early response to treatment. Further studies about this combination are warranted.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d10d7d31beca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Changing electrode orientation, but not pulse polarity, increases the efficacy of gene electrotransfer to tumors in vivo", "authors": "Todorovic et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2013.12.002", "pmid": "24411306", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer is an established method for plasmid delivery into different tissues. Contrary to extensive in vitro studies demonstrating increased gene electrotransfer by changing the electric field direction during the pulse delivery, little is known about the efficiency of both polarities pulses in vivo…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5c1144c139ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A rare case of anal porocarcinoma treated by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Anon", "year": 2015, "journal": "Future Oncol", "doi": "10.2217/fon.14.319", "pmid": "25686124", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-c334a796c0", "studyRelation": "correction-of", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:1", "belge-turu:duzeltme", "ayni-yayinci:10.2217" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-1b43b9acce45", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mitigation of impedance changes due to electroporation therapy using bursts of high-frequency bipolar pulses", "authors": "Bhonsle et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925X-14-S3-S3", "pmid": "26355870", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: For electroporation-based therapies, accurate modeling of the electric field distribution within the target tissue is important for predicting the treatment volume. In response to conventional, unipolar pulses, the electrical impedance of a tissue varies as a function of the local electric field, leading to a redistribution of the field. These dynamic impedance changes, which depend on the tissue type and the applied electric field, need to be quantified a priori, making mathematical modeling complicated. Here, it is shown that the impedance changes during high-frequency, bipolar electroporation therapy are reduced, and the electric field distribution can be approximated using the analytical solution to Laplace's equation that is valid for a homogeneous medium of constant conductivity. Methods: Two methods were used to examine the agreement between the analytical solution to Laplace's equation and the electric fields generated by 100 µs unipolar pulses and bursts of 1 µs bipolar pulses. First, pulses were applied to potato tuber tissue while an infrared camera was used to monitor the temperature distribution in real-time as a corollary to the electric field distribution. The analytical solution was overlaid on the thermal images for a qualitative assessment of the electric fields. Second, potato ablations were performed and the lesion size was measured along the x- and y-axes. These values were compared to the analytical solution to quantify its ability to predict treatment outcomes. To analyze the dynamic impedance changes due to electroporation at different frequencies, electrical impedance measurements (1 Hz to 1 MHz) were made before and after the treatment of potato tissue. Results: For high-frequency bipolar burst treatment, the thermal images closely mirrored the constant electric field contours. The potato tissue lesions differed from the analytical solution by 39.7 ± 1.3 % (x-axis) and 6.87 ± 6.26 % (y-axis) for conventional unipolar pulses, and 15.46 ± 1.37 % (x-axis) and 3.63 ± 5.9 % (y-axis) for high- frequency bipolar pulses. Conclusions: The electric field distributions due to high-frequency, bipolar electroporation pulses can be closely approximated with the homogeneous analytical solution. This paves way for modeling fields without prior characterization of non-linear tissue properties, and thereby simplifying electroporation procedures.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a6bebb2b5bde", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Transport, resealing, and re-poration dynamics of two-pulse electroporation-mediated molecular delivery", "authors": "Demiryurek et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.04.007", "pmid": "25911207", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is of interest for many drug-delivery and gene-therapy applications. Prior studies have shown that a two-pulse-electroporation protocol consisting of a short-duration, high-voltage first pulse followed by a longer, low-voltage second pulse can increase delivery efficiency and preserve viability. In…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0ad5656abc14", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Endoglin silencing has significant antitumor effect on murine mammary adenocarcinoma mediated by vascular targeted effect", "authors": "Dolinsek et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Curr Gene Ther", "doi": "10.2174/1566523215666150126115501", "pmid": "25619888", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "New targets and therapeutic approaches for vascular targeted strategies in oncology are continuously explored. Endoglin, a co-receptor of TGF-β, is a known target, however, its silencing with vector-based RNA interference technology has not been evaluated yet. Therefore, in our study, we assembled plasmid DNA coding…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7756af83cd05", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gadolinium modifies the cell membrane to inhibit permeabilization by nanosecond electric pulses", "authors": "Gianulis et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Arch Biochem Biophys", "doi": "10.1016/j.abb.2015.02.013", "pmid": "25707556", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Lanthanide ions are the only known blockers of permeabilization by electric pulses of nanosecond duration (nsEP), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We employed timed applications of Gd(3+) before or after nsEP (600-ns, 20 kV/cm) to investigate the mechanism of inhibition, and measured the uptake of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3fd43c4832c9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Correction: Dose-Dependent ATP Depletion and Cancer Cell Death following Calcium Electroporation, Relative Effect of Calcium Concentration and Electric Field Strength", "authors": "Hansen et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0128034", "pmid": "25950928", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-a82fb6f8f20a", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy - Evidence for Cell-type Selectivity In Vitro", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "26504002", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new cancer treatment modality that uses electroporation to potentiate chemotherapeutic agents, especially bleomycin. ECT causes both a direct toxic effect and an anti-vascular effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate a possible selective effect of ECT on the survival…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ff39552dc2b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Efficient In Vitro Electropermeabilization of Reconstructed Human Dermal Tissue", "authors": "Madi et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-015-9791-z", "pmid": "25788148", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "DNA electrotransfer is a successful technic for gene delivery. However, its use in clinical applications is limited since little is known about the mechanisms governing DNA electrotransfer in the complex environment occurring in a tissue. The objectives of this work were to investigate the role of the extracellular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d9b365e7d5f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Detection of electroporation-induced membrane permeabilization states in the brain using diffusion-weighted MRI", "authors": "Mahmood et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.3109/0284186X.2014.991045", "pmid": "25591820", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Tissue permeabilization by electroporation (EP) is a promising technique to treat certain cancers. Non-invasive methods for verification of induced permeabilization are important, especially in deep-seated cancers. In this study we evaluated diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) as a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b5aa8add3d5b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) -advanced techniques for treating deep-seated tumors based on electroporation", "authors": "Miklavcic et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-14-s3-i1", "pmid": "26355606", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "When a cell is exposed to a sufficiently intense electric field (for a sufficient duration), local defects in the cell membrane appear and become permeable to molecules that otherwise cannot pass through it. This phenomenon is commonly known as electroporation but additional terms electropermeabilization and PEF (i.e. pulsed electric field) treatment are commonly used as well (the latter mainly in food processing area). In reversible electroporation, cell membrane permeabilization to molecules otherwise deprived of transmembrane transport mechanisms is a transient phenomenon as after some time membrane reseals and reestablishes its homeostatic semipermeable properties, allowing ions and other small molecules to passively cross...", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1905bd80bb4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of melanoma skin metastases: a report on 31 cases", "authors": "Mir-Bonafé et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Actas Dermosifiliogr", "doi": "10.1016/j.ad.2014.10.007", "pmid": "25512237", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction and objectives: Electrochemotherapy is indicated for the treatment of unresectable cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. The technique involves the synergistic use of electroporation of cell membranes to increase the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs delivered to the tumor cells. The aim of this study was to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-a3a3bf0604", "studyRelation": "translation-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:mirbonafe", "yil-farki:0", "dergi-baski-isareti:(English Edition)" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-74b8fdecc45e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Predicting patients at risk for pain associated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Quaglino et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.3109/0284186X.2014.992546", "pmid": "25591818", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy describes the use of electric pulses to enhance chemotherapy uptake, and has proven highly efficient in treating cutaneous metastases. Patients referred for electrochemotherapy present with diverse clinical pictures, from multiple small lesions to large, ulcerated lesions…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8b290cca657a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Diffuse, non-polar electropermeabilization and reduced propidium uptake distinguish the effect of nanosecond electric pulses", "authors": "Semenov et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.06.018", "pmid": "26112464", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Ca2+ activation and membrane electroporation by 10-ns and 4-ms electric pulses (nsEP and msEP) were compared in rat embryonic cardiomyocytes. The lowest electric field which triggered Ca2+ transients was expectedly higher for nsEP (36 kV/cm) than for msEP (0.09 kV/cm) but the respective doses were similar (190 and 460…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ee0ec2c5efdb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Monitoring the permeabilization of a single cell in a microfluidic device, through the estimation of its dielectric properties based on combined dielectrophoresis and electrorotation in situ experiments", "authors": "Trainito et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Electrophoresis", "doi": "10.1002/elps.201400482", "pmid": "25641658", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "The electric field is commonly used in microdevices to handle, treat, or monitor living cells for various biological or biomedical applications (cells electrofusion, gene electrotransfer, drugs injection, cell sorting, …). Dielectrophoresis (DEP) forces, using stationary waves (conventional DEP) or traveling waves…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e3f7b92654ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Picosecond and Terahertz Perturbation of Interfacial Water and Electropermeabilization of Biological Membranes", "authors": "Vernier et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-015-9788-7", "pmid": "25796485", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Non-thermal probing and stimulation with subnanosecond electric pulses and terahertz electromagnetic radiation may lead to new, minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and to methods for remote monitoring and analysis of biological systems, including plants, animals, and humans. To effectively…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cc46759d02c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The photodynamic effect of far-red range phthalocyanines (AlPc and Pc green) supported by electropermeabilization in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells of sensitive and resistant type", "authors": "Zielichowska et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Pharmacother", "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2014.11.017", "pmid": "25661351", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Electroporation (EP) is commonly applied for effective drug transport thorough cell membranes based on the application of electromagnetic field. When applied with cytostatics, it is called electrochemotherapy (ECT) - a quite new method of cancer treatment. A high-voltage pulse causes the formation of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1913dee58f7c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Gene electrotransfer of plasmid AMEP, an integrin-targeted therapy, has antitumor and antiangiogenic action in murine B16 melanoma", "authors": "Bosnjak et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/gt.2015.26", "pmid": "25781650", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Gene therapy with Plasmid AMEP (antiangiogenic metargidin peptide) has recently been studied as a potential targeted therapy for melanoma. This plasmid is designed to downregulate α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins. In our study, electroporation was used as a nonviral delivery system. We investigated the antiangiogenic and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-78225dcdc593", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene Electrotransfer Clinical Trials", "authors": "Heller et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Adv Genet", "doi": "10.1016/bs.adgen.2014.10.006", "pmid": "25620013", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Plasmid or non-viral gene therapy offers an alternative to classic viral gene delivery that negates the need for a biological vector. In this case, delivery is enhanced by a variety of approaches including lipid or polymer conjugation, particle-mediated delivery, hydrodynamic delivery, ultrasound or electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6bcc8b6b9474", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Clinical potential of electroporation for gene therapy and DNA vaccine delivery", "authors": "Lambricht et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Expert Opin Drug Deliv", "doi": "10.1517/17425247.2016.1121990", "pmid": "26578324", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Electroporation allows efficient delivery of DNA into cells and tissues, thereby improving the expression of therapeutic or immunogenic proteins that are encoded by plasmid DNA. This simple and versatile method holds a great potential and could address unmet medical needs such as the prevention or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-55fa35e40b44", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Intradermal DNA Electroporation Induces Cellular and Humoral Immune Response and Confers Protection against HER2/neu Tumor", "authors": "Lamolinara et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Immunol Res", "doi": "10.1155/2015/159145", "pmid": "26247038", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Skin represents an attractive target for DNA vaccine delivery because of its natural richness in APCs, whose targeting may potentiate the effect of vaccination. Nevertheless, intramuscular electroporation is the most common delivery method for ECTM vaccination. In this study we assessed whether intradermal administration could deliver the vaccine into different cell types and we analyzed the evolution of tissue infiltrate elicited by the vaccination protocol. Intradermal electroporation (EP) vaccination resulted in transfection of different skin layers, as well as mononuclear cells. Additionally, we observed a marked recruitment of reactive infiltrates mainly 6-24 hours after treatment and inflammatory cells included CD11c(+). Moreover, we tested the efficacy of intradermal vaccination against Her2/neu antigen in cellular and humoral response induction and consequent protection from a Her2/neu tumor challenge in Her2/neu nontolerant and tolerant mice. A significant delay in transplantable tumor onset was observed in both BALB/c (p ≤ 0,0003) and BALB-neuT mice (p = 0,003). Moreover, BALB-neuT mice displayed slow tumor growth as compared to control group (p < 0,0016). In addition, while in vivo cytotoxic response was observed only in BALB/c mice, a significant antibody response was achieved in both mouse models. Our results identify intradermal EP vaccination as a promising method for delivering Her2/neu DNA vaccine.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e322f0bf778c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Inhibitor of endocytosis impairs gene electrotransfer to mouse muscle in vivo", "authors": "Markelc et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2014.08.020", "pmid": "25200990", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Application of electric pulses (electroporation/electropermeabilization) is an effective method for gene transfer (i.e. gene electrotransfer (GET)) in vitro and in vivo. Currently, the mechanisms by which the DNA enters the cell are not yet fully understood. Experimental evidence is building up that endocytosis is the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8932ba21a3de", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "New Insights into the Mechanisms of Gene Electrotransfer - Experimental and Theoretical Analysis", "authors": "Pavlin et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep09132", "pmid": "25778848", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer is a promising non-viral method of gene delivery. In our in vitro study we addressed open questions about this multistep process: how electropermeabilization is related to electrotransfer efficiency; the role of DNA electrophoresis for contact and transfer across the membrane; visualization and theoretical analysis of DNA-membrane interaction and its relation to final transfection efficiency; and the differences between plated and suspended cells. Combinations of high-voltage and low-voltage pulses were used. We obtained that electrophoresis is required for the insertion of DNA into the permeabilized membrane. The inserted DNA is slowly transferred into the cytosol, and nuclear entry is a limiting factor for optimal transfection. The quantification and theoretical analysis of the crucial parameters reveals that DNA-membrane interaction (NDNA) increases with higher DNA concentration or with the addition of electrophoretic LV pulses while transfection efficiency reaches saturation. We explain the differences between the transfection of cell suspensions and plated cells due to the more homogeneous size, shape and movement of suspended cells. Our results suggest that DNA is either translocated through the stable electropores or enters by electo-stimulated endocytosis, possibly dependent on pulse parameters. Understanding of the mechanisms enables the selection of optimal electric protocols for specific applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-250df6d1e42c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Anticancer DNA vaccine based on human telomerase reverse transcriptase generates a strong and specific T cell immune response", "authors": "Thalmensi et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.1080/2162402X.2015.1083670", "pmid": "27141336", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is overexpressed in more than 85% of human cancers regardless of their cellular origin. As immunological tolerance to hTERT can be overcome not only spontaneously but also by vaccination, it represents a relevant universal tumor associated antigen (TAA). Indeed, hTERT…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6a7aa18ad3d3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In Situ Monitoring of Electric Field Distribution in Mouse Tumor during Electroporation", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.14140311", "pmid": "25144647", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of magnetic resonance (MR) electric impedance tomography ( EIT electric impedance tomography ) technique for in situ monitoring of electric field distribution during in vivo electroporation of mouse tumors to predict reversibly electroporated tumor areas. Materials and methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b04dcb3eda8d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Web-based tool for visualization of electric field distribution in deep-seated body structures and planning of electroporation-based treatments", "authors": "Marčan et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925X-14-S3-S4", "pmid": "26356007", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Treatments based on electroporation are a new and promising approach to treating tumors, especially non-resectable ones. The success of the treatment is, however, heavily dependent on coverage of the entire tumor volume with a sufficiently high electric field. Ensuring complete coverage in the case of deep-seated tumors is not trivial and can in best way be ensured by patient-specific treatment planning. The basis of the treatment planning process consists of two complex tasks: medical image segmentation, and numerical modeling and optimization. Methods: In addition to previously developed segmentation algorithms for several tissues (human liver, hepatic vessels, bone tissue and canine brain) and the algorithms for numerical modeling and optimization of treatment parameters, we developed a web-based tool to facilitate the translation of the algorithms and their application in the clinic. The developed web-based tool automatically builds a 3D model of the target tissue from the medical images uploaded by the user and then uses this 3D model to optimize treatment parameters. The tool enables the user to validate the results of the automatic segmentation and make corrections if necessary before delivering the final treatment plan. Results: Evaluation of the tool was performed by five independent experts from four different institutions. During the evaluation, we gathered data concerning user experience and measured performance times for different components of the tool. Both user reports and performance times show significant reduction in treatment-planning complexity and time-consumption from 1-2 days to a few hours. Conclusions: The presented web-based tool is intended to facilitate the treatment planning process and reduce the time needed for it. It is crucial for facilitating expansion of electroporation-based treatments in the clinic and ensuring reliable treatment for the patients. The additional value of the tool is the possibility of easy upgrade and integration of modules with new functionalities as they are developed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fcde8b0b2292", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cell Electrosensitization Exists Only in Certain Electroporation Buffers", "authors": "Dermol et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0159434", "pmid": "27454174", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-induced cell sensitization was described as the occurrence of a delayed hypersensitivity to electric pulses caused by pretreating cells with electric pulses. It was achieved by increasing the duration of the electroporation treatment at the same cumulative energy input. It could be exploited in electroporation-based treatments such as electrochemotherapy and tissue ablation with irreversible electroporation. The mechanisms responsible for cell sensitization, however, have not yet been identified. We investigated cell sensitization dynamics in five different electroporation buffers. We split a pulse train into two trains varying the delay between them and measured the propidium uptake by fluorescence microscopy. By fitting the first-order model to the experimental results, we determined the uptake due to each train (i.e. the first and the second) and the corresponding resealing constant. Cell sensitization was observed in the growth medium but not in other tested buffers. The effect of pulse repetition frequency, cell size change, cytoskeleton disruption and calcium influx do not adequately explain cell sensitization. Based on our results, we can conclude that cell sensitization is a sum of several processes and is buffer dependent. Further research is needed to determine its generality and to identify underlying mechanisms.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fdc0fbd506ef", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Preclinical development and qualification of ZFN-mediated CCR5 disruption in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells", "authors": "DiGiusto et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev", "doi": "10.1038/mtm.2016.67", "pmid": "27900346", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Gene therapy for HIV-1 infection is a promising alternative to lifelong combination antiviral drug treatment. Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is the coreceptor required for R5-tropic HIV-1 infection of human cells. Deletion of CCR5 renders cells resistant to R5-tropic HIV-1 infection, and the potential for cure has been…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4178ac3610f6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cryopreservation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Combination with Trehalose and Reversible Electroporation", "authors": "Dovgan et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-016-9916-z", "pmid": "27383230", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "New cryopreservation approaches for medically applicable cells are of great importance in clinical medicine. Current protocols employ the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is toxic to cells and causes undesirable side effects in patients, such as cardiac arrhythmias, neurological events, and others. Trehalose, a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7f6dac3ada77", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of Cisplatin Electrochemotherapy on Human Neuroblastoma Cells", "authors": "Esmekaya et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-016-9891-4", "pmid": "27021229", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is the usage of electroporation to introduce chemotherapeutic drugs through membrane pores into target cells for cancer treatment. The effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs would be increased dramatically when they are used in electrochemotherapy than standard chemotherapy. In the present study…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-41871da5768e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Difference in Membrane Repair Capacity Between Cancer Cell Lines and a Normal Cell Line", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-016-9910-5", "pmid": "27312328", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based treatments and other therapies that permeabilize the plasma membrane have been shown to be more devastating to malignant cells than to normal cells. In this study, we asked if a difference in repair capacity could explain this observed difference in sensitivity. Membrane repair was investigated by disrupting the plasma membrane using laser followed by monitoring fluorescent dye entry over time in seven cancer cell lines, an immortalized cell line, and a normal primary cell line. The kinetics of repair in living cells can be directly recorded using this technique, providing a sensitive index of repair capacity. The normal primary cell line of all tested cell lines exhibited the slowest rate of dye entry after laser disruption and lowest level of dye uptake. Significantly, more rapid dye uptake and a higher total level of dye uptake occurred in six of the seven tested cancer cell lines (p < 0.05) as well as the immortalized cell line (p < 0.001). This difference in sensitivity was also observed when a viability assay was performed one day after plasma membrane permeabilization by electroporation. Viability in the primary normal cell line (98 % viable cells) was higher than in the three tested cancer cell lines (81-88 % viable cells). These data suggest more effective membrane repair in normal, primary cells and supplement previous explanations why electroporation-based therapies and other therapies permeabilizing the plasma membrane are more effective on malignant cells compared to normal cells in cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-15ffa9e76f15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combined local and systemic bleomycin administration in electrochemotherapy to reduce the number of treatment sessions", "authors": "Maglietti et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0015", "pmid": "27069450", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a medical treatment widely used in human patients for tumor treatment, increases bleomycin toxicity by 1000 fold in the treated area with an objective response rate of around 80%. Despite its high response rate, there are still 20% of cases in which the patients are not…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-06d4ef86e588", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tissue Ablation by a Synergistic Combination of Electroporation and Electrolysis Delivered by a Single Pulse", "authors": "Phillips et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-016-1624-4", "pmid": "27146516", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "A synergistic combination of electroporation and electrolysis (SEE) has been found with distinct advantages over tissue ablation by electrolysis or electroporation alone. Minimally invasive tissue ablation by electrolysis uses a low magnitude direct electric current to produce a lesion due to the creation of chemical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e36d27180e4e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Impact of external medium conductivity on cell membrane electropermeabilization by microsecond and nanosecond electric pulses", "authors": "Silve et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep19957", "pmid": "26829153", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The impact of external medium conductivity on the efficiency of the reversible permeabilisation caused by pulsed electric fields was investigated. Pulses of 12 ns, 102 ns or 100 μs were investigated. Whenever permeabilisation could be detected after the delivery of one single pulse, media of lower conductivity induced more efficient reversible permeabilisation and thus independently of the medium composition. Effect of medium conductivity can however be hidden by some saturation effects, for example when pulses are cumulated (use of trains of 8 pulses) or when the detection method is not sensitive enough. This explains the contradicting results that can be found in the literature. The new data are complementary to those of one of our previous study in which an opposite effect of the conductivity was highlighted. It stresses that the conductivity of the medium influences the reversible permeabilization by several ways. Moreover, these results clearly indicate that electropermeabilisation does not linearly depend on the energy delivered to the cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7cce1e82d775", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy increases local control after incomplete excision of a recurring penile fibrosarcoma in a stallion", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.4314/ovj.v6i3.12", "pmid": "27995080", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "An eleven-year-old stallion was referred for adjuvant treatment of an incompletely excised, recurring penile fibrosarcoma. The horse was bright, alert and responsive with a 15 x 12 cm ulcerated lesion on the ventral side of the penis. The lesion was the tumor bed of an incompletely excised fibrosarcoma. After complete…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-62407b90a64b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Quantification of cell membrane permeability induced by monopolar and high-frequency bipolar bursts of electrical pulses", "authors": "Sweeney et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.06.024", "pmid": "27372268", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "High-frequency bipolar electric pulses have been shown to mitigate undesirable muscle contraction during irreversible electroporation (IRE) therapy. Here, we evaluate the potential applicability of such pulses for introducing exogenous molecules into cells, such as in electrochemotherapy (ECT). For this purpose we…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c563674438ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Applications of calcium electroporation to effective apoptosis induction in fibrosarcoma cells and stimulation of normal muscle cells", "authors": "Zielichowska et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.01.005", "pmid": "26874618", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "The electroporation (EP) supports various types of anticancer therapies by the selective transport of cytostatics. Increase in intracellular calcium level by EP may be a new approach to fibrosarcoma treatment. Calcium is one of the most important factors of cell proliferation, differentiation and cell death (apoptosis…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-abe413a2423e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Recommendations for improving the quality of reporting clinical electrochemotherapy studies based on qualitative systematic review", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0006", "pmid": "27069444", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is becoming a well-established treatment for malignancies of skin and non-skin origin and its use is widening across Europe. The technique was developed and optimized from solid experimental and clinical evidence. A consensus document is now warranted to formalize reporting results…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4b3b29c95bba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The promising alliance of anti-cancer electrochemotherapy with immunotherapy", "authors": "Calvet et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Cancer Metastasis Rev", "doi": "10.1007/s10555-016-9615-3", "pmid": "26993326", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Anti-tumor electrochemotherapy, which consists in increasing anti-cancer drug uptake by means of electroporation, is now implanted in about 140 cancer treatment centers in Europe. Its use is supported by the English National Institute for Health and Care Excellence for the palliative treatment of skin metastases, and about 13,000 cancer patients were treated by this technology by the end of 2015. Efforts are now focused on turning this local anti-tumor treatment into a systemic one. Electrogenetherapy, that is the electroporation-mediated transfer of therapeutic genes, is currently under clinical evaluation and has brought excitement to enlarge the anti-cancer armamentarium. Among the promising electrogenetherapy strategies, DNA vaccination and cytokine-based immunotherapy aim at stimulating anti-tumor immunity. We review here the interests and state of development of both electrochemotherapy and electrogenetherapy. We then emphasize the potent beneficial outcome of the combination of electrochemotherapy with immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors or strategies based on electrogenetherapy, to simultaneously achieve excellent local debulking anti-tumor responses and systemic anti-metastatic effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9175c792c5e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Intratumoural interleukin 12 gene therapy stimulates the immune system and decreases angiogenesis in dogs with spontaneous cancer", "authors": "Cicchelero et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12255", "pmid": "27506827", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a powerful immunostimulatory cytokine with a strong antitumoural activity. In this work, the immunological, anti-angiogenic and clinical effects of three consecutive intratumoural IL-12 electrogene therapy (EGT) treatments were evaluated in nine dogs with spontaneous cancer. In all the dogs…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-10a0323693c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Overcoming the Specific Toxicity of Large Plasmids Electrotransfer in Primary Cells In Vitro", "authors": "Lesueur et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Mol Ther Nucleic Acids", "doi": "10.1038/mtna.2016.4", "pmid": "27111417", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer is a safe and efficient nonviral technique for the transfer of nucleic acids of all sizes. Using a small reporter plasmid (3.5 kbp), electrotransfer of more than 90% of the cells, with ~70% viability, can be routinely achieved even in primary cells like mesenchymal stem cells. However, under the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b429f5716e85", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene Electrotransfer A Mechanistic Perspective", "authors": "Rosazza", "year": 2016, "journal": "Curr Gene Ther", "doi": "10.2174/1566523216666160331130040", "pmid": "27029943", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer is a powerful method of DNA delivery offering several medical applications, among the most promising of which are DNA vaccination and gene therapy for cancer treatment. Electroporation entails the application of electric fields to cells which then experience a local and transient change of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-715dd92c7d5f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tumor radiosensitization by gene therapy against endoglin", "authors": "Stimac et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Cancer Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/cgt.2016.20", "pmid": "27199221", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer of plasmid encoding shRNA against endoglin exerts antitumor efficacy, predominantly by vascular targeted effect. As vascular targeting therapies can promote radiosensitization, the aim of this study was to explore this gene therapy approach with single and split dose of irradiation in an endoglin…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dbec726e41a6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bleomycin pharmacokinetics of bolus bleomycin dose in elderly cancer patients treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Groselj et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Cancer Chemother Pharmacol", "doi": "10.1007/s00280-016-3004-z", "pmid": "26992379", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: With the aim to determine effective therapeutic window of electrochemotherapy, we analyzed bleomycin pharmacokinetic parameters in elderly patients. Methods: In prospective clinical study in the treatment of tumors with electrochemotherapy, blood samples of patients older than 65 years were collected after…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-da4332314518", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Microdosimetric Study of Electropulsation on Multiple Realistically Shaped Cells Effect of Neighbours", "authors": "Denzi et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-016-9912-3", "pmid": "27318672", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Over the past decades, the effects of ultrashort-pulsed electric fields have been used to investigate their action in many medical applications (e.g. cancer, gene electrotransfer, drug delivery, electrofusion). Promising aspects of these pulses has led to several in vitro and in vivo experiments to clarify their…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-362e6dfe9f44", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A microfluidic model of the blood-brain barrier to study permeabilization by pulsed electric fields", "authors": "Bonakdar et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "RSC Adv", "doi": "10.1039/c7ra07603g", "pmid": "29308191", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric fields interact with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and have been shown to increase the BBB permeability under some pulsing regimes. Pulsed electric fields may enhance drug delivery to the brain by disrupting the integrity of the BBB and allowing otherwise impermeable drugs to reach target areas…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f663f07a4eee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Changes in optical properties of electroporated cells as revealed by digital holographic microscopy", "authors": "Calin et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Biomed Opt Express", "doi": "10.1364/BOE.8.002222", "pmid": "28736667", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Changes in optical and shape-related characteristics of B16F10 cells after electroporation were investigated using digital holographic microscopy (DHM). Bipolar rectangular pulses specific for electrochemotherapy were used. Electroporation was performed in an \"off-axis\" DHM set-up without using exogenous markers. Two…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-315feaa3f64c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Soft electroporation for delivering molecules into tightly adherent mammalian cells through 3D hollow nanoelectrodes", "authors": "Caprettini et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-08886-y", "pmid": "28819252", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation of in-vitro cultured cells is widely used in biological and medical areas to deliver molecules of interest inside cells. Since very high electric fields are required to electroporate the plasma membrane, depending on the geometry of the electrodes the required voltages can be very high and often critical to cell viability. Furthermore, in traditional electroporation configuration based on planar electrodes there is no a priori certain feedback about which cell has been targeted and delivered and the addition of fluorophores may be needed to gain this information. In this study we present a nanofabricated platform able to perform intracellular delivery of membrane-impermeable molecules by opening transient nanopores into the lipid membrane of adherent cells with high spatial precision and with the application of low voltages (1.5-2 V). This result is obtained by exploiting the tight seal that the cells present with 3D fluidic hollow gold-coated nanostructures that act as nanochannels and nanoelectrodes at the same time. The final soft-electroporation platform provides an accessible approach for controlled and selective drug delivery on ordered arrangements of cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b7d021b3c2f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Electrode Modality Development in Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Facilitates Biocellular Mechanism Study and Improves Cancer Ablation Efficacy", "authors": "Cen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Healthc Eng", "doi": "10.1155/2017/3624613", "pmid": "29065589", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric field treatment is now widely used in diverse biological and medical applications: gene delivery, electrochemotherapy, and cancer therapy. This minimally invasive technique has several advantages over traditional ablation techniques, such as nonthermal elimination and blood vessel spare effect. Different electrodes are subsequently developed for a specific treatment purpose. Here, we provide a systematic review of electrode modality development in pulsed electric field treatment. For electrodes invented for experiment in vitro, sheet electrode and electrode cuvette, electrodes with high-speed fluorescence imaging system, electrodes with patch-clamp, and electrodes with confocal laser scanning microscopy are introduced. For electrodes invented for experiment in vivo, monopolar electrodes, five-needle array electrodes, single-needle bipolar electrode, parallel plate electrodes, and suction electrode are introduced. The pulsed electric field provides a promising treatment for cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec2cdffb8ce8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Control by Low Levels of Calcium of Mammalian Cell Membrane Electropermeabilization", "authors": "Ciobanu et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-017-9981-y", "pmid": "28823021", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electric pulses, when applied to a cell suspension, induce a reversible permeabilization of the plasma membrane. This permeabilized state is a long-lived process (minutes). The biophysical molecular mechanisms supporting the membrane reorganization associated to its permeabilization remain poorly understood. Modeling…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a85a69b73d0a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "New Drugs for Electrochemotherapy with Emphasis on Calcium Electroporation", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_53", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an anticancer treatment inducing uptake of chemotherapeutics by electroporation. This treatment is increasingly being used clinically and further investigations for improvement of the treatment and discovery of new drugs are ongoing. The most commonly used drugs in electrochemotherapy are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-902915640680", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and Its Clinical Applications", "authors": "Gehl et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_91", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy has grown out of simple cell experiments through preclinical studies to experimental clinical studies, to an accepted treatment modality for cutaneous metastases for any type of cancer. Electrochemotherapy has had a dynamic spread from few initial centers using custom-made electrodes to the current…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2d36d71de78", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrical control of calcium oscillations in mesenchymal stem cells using microsecond pulsed electric fields", "authors": "Hanna et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Stem Cell Res Ther", "doi": "10.1186/s13287-017-0536-z", "pmid": "28424094", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Human mesenchymal stem cells are promising tools for regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into many cellular types such as osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes amongst many other cell types. These cells present spontaneous calcium oscillations implicating calcium channels and pumps of the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. These oscillations regulate many basic functions in the cell such as proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, the possibility to mimic or regulate these oscillations might be useful to regulate mesenchymal stem cells biological functions. Methods: One or several electric pulses of 100 μs were used to induce Ca 2+ spikes caused by the penetration of Ca 2+ from the extracellular medium, through the transiently electropermeabilized plasma membrane, in human adipose mesenchymal stem cells from several donors. Attached cells were preloaded with Fluo-4 AM and exposed to the electric pulse(s) under the fluorescence microscope. Viability was also checked. Results: According to the pulse(s) electric field amplitude, it is possible to generate a supplementary calcium spike with properties close to those of calcium spontaneous oscillations, or, on the contrary, to inhibit the spontaneous calcium oscillations for a very long time compared to the pulse duration. Through that inhibition of the oscillations, Ca 2+ oscillations of desired amplitude and frequency could then be imposed on the cells using subsequent electric pulses. None of the pulses used here, even those with the highest amplitude, caused a loss of cell viability. Conclusions: An easy way to control Ca 2+ oscillations in mesenchymal stem cells, through their cancellation or the addition of supplementary Ca 2+ spikes, is reported here. Indeed, the direct link between the microsecond electric pulse(s) delivery and the occurrence/cancellation of cytosolic Ca 2+ spikes allowed us to mimic and regulate the Ca 2+ oscillations in these cells. Since microsecond electric pulse delivery constitutes a simple technology available in many laboratories, this new tool might be useful to further investigate the role of Ca 2+ in human mesenchymal stem cells biological processes such as proliferation and differentiation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7f6aeefebb35", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electropermeabilization of Inner and Outer Cell Membranes with Microsecond Pulsed Electric Fields: Quantitative Study with Calcium Ions", "authors": "Hanna et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-12960-w", "pmid": "29026094", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "Microsecond pulsed electric fields (μsPEF) permeabilize the plasma membrane (PM) and are widely used in research, medicine and biotechnology. For internal membranes permeabilization, nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) are applied but this technology is complex to use. Here we report that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane can also be electropermeabilized by one 100 µs pulse without affecting the cell viability. Indeed, using Ca 2+ as a permeabilization marker, we observed cytosolic Ca 2+ peaks in two different cell types after one 100 µs pulse in a medium without Ca 2+ . Thapsigargin abolished these Ca 2+ peaks demonstrating that the calcium is released from the ER. Moreover, IP3R and RyR inhibitors did not modify these peaks showing that they are due to the electropermeabilization of the ER membrane and not to ER Ca 2+ channels activation. Finally, the comparison of the two cell types suggests that the PM and the ER permeabilization thresholds are affected by the sizes of the cell and the ER. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that µsPEF, which are easier to control than nsPEF, can permeabilize internal membranes. Besides, μsPEF interaction with either the PM or ER, can be an efficient tool to modulate the cytosolic calcium concentration and study Ca 2+ roles in cell physiology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4f38bf69ee1b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combined Treatment of Electrochemotherapy with Irradiation", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_61", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Radiotherapy is the use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of malignant tumors. It is one of the main treatment modalities for many forms of cancer, with more than half of all cancer patients receiving radiation therapy at some point in their treatment. Despite the technical progress in targeting ability of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dfa25a61e469", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of Reversible and Irreversible Electroporation on Endothelial Cells and Tissue Blood Flow", "authors": "Markelc et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_70", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation/electropermeabilization (EP), achieved by application of electric pulses to cells or tissues, induces reversible permeabilization of cell membranes under suitable conditions, thus facilitating entry of exogenous molecules into cells. If excess pulses are applied, and the cell cannot recover, this leads…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8084dac67824", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gold nanoparticles and electroporation impose both separate and synergistic radiosensitizing effects in HT-29 tumor cells: an in vitro study", "authors": "Rezaee et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Int J Nanomedicine", "doi": "10.2147/IJN.S128996", "pmid": "28260889", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and objective: Radiation therapy (RT) is the gold standard treatment for more than half of known tumors. Despite recent improvements in RT efficiency, the side effects of ionizing radiation (IR) in normal tissues are a dose-limiting factor that restricts higher doses in tumor treatment. One approach to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9dcf25bf605f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Blood Flow Modifying and Vascular-Disrupting Effects of Electroporation and Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_165", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Electroporation/electropermeabilization (EP), achieved by application of electric pulses to cells or tissues, induces reversible permeabilization of cell membranes under suitable conditions, thus facilitating entry of exogenous molecules into cells. EP of tissues in humans is feasible, efficient, and tolerable, and its…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3e19635b88eb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Preclinical Studies on Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_45", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is the combination of chemotherapy and local application of electric pulses. Application of electric pulses, i.e., electroporation, is used as a means to increase drug delivery to cells. Electrochemotherapy has the potential to improve the efficacy of drugs that have impeded transport through the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9c65f7429e96", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Enrichment of selective miRNAs in exosomes and delivery of exosomal miRNAs in vitro and in vivo", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol", "doi": "10.1152/ajplung.00423.2016", "pmid": "27881406", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by cells and contain various molecules including protein, lipid, and DNA/RNA. They are crucial mediators of the intercellular communication and serve as promising vehicles for drug delivery and gene therapy. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f1ca717959c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Predictable Animal Models for Translational Electroporation-Based Cancer Immunotherapy Studies", "authors": "De Robertis et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_50", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Emerging strategies in cancer treatments, such as gene electrotransfer and electrochemotherapy, are very promising. However, preclinical studies of effective therapeutic agents delivered in animal models to translate into the clinic still remain a crucial feature. To pass successfully from bench to bedside, attention…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-58d8ef867803", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Normal and Malignant Cells Exhibit Differential Responses to Calcium Electroporation", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-1611", "pmid": "28760856", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation may offer a simple general tool for anticancer therapy. Transient permeabilization of cancer cell membranes created by applying short, high-voltage pulses in tumors enables high calcium influxes that trigger cell death. In this study, we compared the relative sensitivity of different human…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-58e77e847643", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Adjuvant Immunotherapy as a Tool to Boost Effectiveness of Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Kamensek et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_105", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Harnessing the body’s own immune system to fight cancer is one of the most encouraging fields of cancer research today. Promising new cancer immunotherapies are currently being tested in preclinical and clinical trials, and a few have also reached regulatory approval. Likewise, the immunological properties of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-acea681dc39e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tailor-made fibroblast-specific and antibiotic-free interleukin 12 plasmid for gene electrotransfer-mediated cancer immunotherapy", "authors": "Kamensek et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Plasmid", "doi": "10.1016/j.plasmid.2016.11.004", "pmid": "27890562", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electrotransfer mediated delivery of interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene, encoded on a plasmid vector, has already been demonstrated to have a potent antitumor efficacy and great potential for clinical application. In the present study, our aim was to construct an optimized IL-12-encoding plasmid that is safe from the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-76fd63284a94", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene electrotransfer into skin using noninvasive multi-electrode array for vaccination and wound healing", "authors": "Kos et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.12.002", "pmid": "28006672", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Skin is an attractive target for gene electrotransfer due to its easy accessibility and its interesting immune properties. Since electrodes are often invasive and frequently induce discomfort during pulse application, there is a fundamental need for non-invasive electrodes for skin delivery. We developed circular pin…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fb6bb0faf416", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivo electroporation enhances vaccine-mediated therapeutic control of human papilloma virus-associated tumors by the activation of multifunctional and effector memory CD8 + T cells", "authors": "Sales et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Vaccine", "doi": "10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.11.011", "pmid": "29174677", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "In vivo electroporation (EP) has reignited the clinical interest on DNA vaccines as immunotherapeutic approaches to control different types of cancer. EP has been associated with increased immune response potency, but its capacity in influencing immunomodulation remains unclear. Here we evaluated the impact of in vivo…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fa7c7e482cd1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Effects of Electrochemotherapy with Cisplatin and Peritumoral IL-12 Gene Electrotransfer on Canine Mast Cell Tumors: a Histopathologic and Immunohistochemical Study", "authors": "Salvadori et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2017-0035", "pmid": "28959165", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: The study was aimed to characterize tumor response after combined treatment employing electrochemotherapy with IL-12 gene electrotransfer in dogs with spontaneous mast cell tumors (MCT). Materials and methods: Eleven dogs with eleven MCT s were included in the study. Histological changes were investigated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9187f0eb3025", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combined Treatment of Electrochemotherapy with Immunomodulators", "authors": "Todorovic et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_62", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a nonthermal tumor ablation modality. The local delivery of electric pulses directly to the tumor transiently increases permeabilization of the cell membrane and significantly increases the uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs into cells. Several mechanisms, including active immune response…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2b8a5f66eb0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Pharmacokinetics of a Single Bolus Injection of Bleomycin in Elderly Cancer Patients Treated with Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Grošelj et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Clinical Therapeutics", "doi": "10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.199", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Few studies have assessed concentrations of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) after controlled administration of wide range of alcohol doses in both genders. The objective was to assess the timecourse of FAEEs concentrations for men and women after experimental ethanol administration. Methods: A single blind clinical trial was conducted in 54 healthy volunteers (33 males and 21 females), with previous recreational drunk experiences. Subjects were distributed to 4 different doses: 20 g, 40 g, 60 g and 80 g of ethanol (vodka Absolut). Study variables included total FAEEs (palmitic, oleic, linoleic, arachidonic and stearic acid ethyl ester) blood concentrations and blood alcohol concentrations (BAL). Results: BAL increased with alcohol administered dose and the same happened with FAEEs concentrations. The predominant FAEEs was palmitic acid ethyl ester.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-a6bd79247524", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Treatment Planning for Electrochemotherapy and Irreversible Electroporation of Deep-Seated Tumors", "authors": "Kos", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_2", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy and irreversible electroporation can be used to treat deepseated tumors. Key to treatment success is ensuring that the entirety of the target tumor is covered with electric fields of sufficient strength during the treatment. Treatment planning using numerical methods has long been established in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-66cd92f24718", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vitro electroporation detection methods - An overview", "authors": "Batista Napotnik et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.12.005", "pmid": "29289825", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Exposing cells to an electric field leads to electroporation of the cell membrane which has already been explored and used in a number of applications in medicine and food biotechnology (e.g. electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, extraction of biomolecules). The extent of electroporation depends on several…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-756396002b6e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Effectiveness Loss due to Electric Field Indentation between Needle Electrodes: A Numerical Study", "authors": "Berkenbrock et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Healthc Eng", "doi": "10.1155/2018/6024635", "pmid": "30057732", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an anticancer treatment based on applying electric field pulses that reduce cell membrane selectivity, allowing chemotherapy drugs to enter the cells. In parallel to electrochemotherapy clinical tests, in silico experiments have helped scientists and clinicians to understand the electric field distribution through anatomically complex regions of the body. In particular, these in silico experiments allow clinicians to predict problems that may arise in treatment effectiveness. The current work presents a metastatic case of a mast cell tumor in a dog. In this specific treatment planning study, we show that using needle electrodes has a possible pitfall. The macroscopic consequence of the electroporation was assessed through a mathematical model of tissue electrical conductivity. Considering the electrical and geometrical characteristics of the case under study, we modeled an ellipsoidal tumor. Initial simulations were based on the European Standard Operating Procedures for electrochemotherapy suggestions, and then different electrodes' arrangements were evaluated. To avoid blind spots, multiple applications are usually required for large tumors, demanding electrode repositioning. An effective treatment electroporates all the tumor cells. Partially and slightly overlapping the areas increases the session's duration but also likely increases the treatment's effectiveness. It is worth noting that for a single application, the needles should not be placed close to the tumor's borders because effectiveness is highly likely to be lost.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-227d17097472", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Characterization of Nonlinearity and Dispersion in Tissue Impedance During High-Frequency Electroporation", "authors": "Bhonsle et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2017.2787038", "pmid": "29989955", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: The use of high-voltage, high-frequency bipolar pulses (HFBPs) is an emerging electroporation-based therapy for the treatment of solid tumors. In this study, we quantify the extent of nonlinearity and dispersion during the HFBP treatment. Methods: We utilize flat-plate electrodes to capture the impedance of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a5d8b681c613", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Connecting the in vitro and in vivo experiments in electrochemotherapy - a feasibility study modeling cisplatin transport in mouse melanoma using the dual-porosity model", "authors": "Dermol-Černe et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.021", "pmid": "30016733", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In electrochemotherapy two conditions have to be met to be successful - the electric field of sufficient amplitude and sufficient uptake of chemotherapeutics in the tumor. Current treatment plans only take into account critical electric field to achieve cell membrane permeabilization. However, permeabilization alone…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3a7948bbf9fb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Özofagus ve Üst Gastrointestinal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "ozofagus-ve-ust-gi-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Endoscopic electrochemotherapy for esophageal cancer a phase I clinical study", "authors": "Egeland et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Endosc Int Open", "doi": "10.1055/a-0590-4053", "pmid": "29868638", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background and study aims: Esophageal cancer is on the rise in the western world and the disease has a poor 5-year survival prognosis below 20 %. Electrochemotherapy is a treatment where a chemotherapeutic drug is combined with locally applied electrical pulses, in order to increase the drug's cytotoxicity in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5628336be782", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Expression of voltage-gated calcium channels augments cell susceptibility to membrane disruption by nanosecond pulsed electric field", "authors": "Hristov et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.08.017", "pmid": "30409513", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We compared membrane permeabilization by nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) in HEK293 cells with and without assembled CaV1.3 L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC). Individual cells were subjected to one 300-ns pulse at 0 (sham exposure); 1.4; 1.8; or 2.3 kV/cm, and membrane permeabilization was evaluated by measuring whole-cell currents and by optical monitoring of cytosolic Ca 2+ . nsPEF had either no effect (0 and 1.4 kV/cm), or caused a lasting (>80 s) increase in the membrane conductance in about 50% of cells (1.8 kV/cm), or in all cells (2.3 kV/cm). The conductance pathway opened by nsPEF showed strong inward rectification, with maximum conductance increase for the inward current at the most negative membrane potentials. Although these potentials were below the depolarization threshold for VGCC activation, the increase in conductance in cells which expressed VGCC (VGCC+ cells) was about twofold greater than in cells which did not (VGCC- cells). Among VGCC+ cells, the nsPEF-induced increase in membrane conductance showed a positive correlation with the amplitude of VGCC current measured in the same cells prior to nsPEF exposure. These findings demonstrate that the expression of VGCC makes cells more susceptible to membrane permeabilization by nsPEF. Time-lapse imaging of nsPEF-induced Ca 2+ transients confirmed permeabilization by a single 300-ns pulse at 1.8 or 2.3 kV/cm, but not at 1.4 kV/cm, and the transients were expectedly larger in VGCC+ cells. However, it remains to be established whether larger transients reflected additional Ca 2+ entry through VGCC, or were a result of more severe electropermeabilization of VGCC+ cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-07dbb99fef84", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Efficient delivery of nucleic acid molecules into skin by combined use of microneedle roller and flexible interdigitated electroporation array", "authors": "Huang et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Theranostics", "doi": "10.7150/thno.23438", "pmid": "29721085", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Rationale: Delivery of nucleic acid molecules into skin remains a main obstacle for various types of gene therapy or vaccine applications. Here we propose a novel electroporation approach via combined use of a microneedle roller and a flexible interdigitated electroporation array (FIEA) for efficient delivery of DNA and siRNA into mouse skin. Methods: Using micromachining technology, closely spaced gold electrodes were made on a pliable parylene substrate to form a patch-like electroporation array, which enabled close surface contact between the skin and electrodes. Pre-penetration of the skin with a microneedle roller resulted in the formation of microchannels in the skin, which played a role as liquid electrodes in the skin and provided a uniform and deep electric field in the tissue when pulse stimulation was applied by FIEA. Results: Using this proposed method, gene (RFP) expression and siRNA transfection were successfully achieved in normal mice skin. Anti-SCD1 siRNA electroporated via this method mediated significant gene silencing in the skin. Moreover, electroporation assisted by the microneedle roller showed significant advantages over treatment with FIEA alone. This allowed nucleic acid transportation at low voltage, with ideal safety outcomes. Principal conclusions: Hence, the proposed electroporation approach in this study constitutes a novel way for delivering siRNA and DNA, and even other nucleic acid molecules, to mouse skin in vivo , potentially supporting clinical application in the treatment of skin diseases or intradermal/subcutaneous vaccination.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4a908b321d26", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Increased permeability of blood vessels after reversible electroporation is facilitated by alterations in endothelial cell-to-cell junctions", "authors": "Markelc et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.032", "pmid": "29476881", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "Delivery of electric field pulses, i.e. electroporation (EP), to tissues has been shown to have a blood flow modifying effect. Indeed, the diameter of blood vessels exposed to EP is immediately reduced resulting in blood flow abrogation, followed by an increase in vascular permeability. The main cause of the increased…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e34c30d8d3cc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation of the Liver: More Than 2 Concurrently Active, Curved Electrodes Allow New Concepts for Irreversible Electroporation and Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Ritter et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818809994", "pmid": "30411673", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation and electrochemotherapy are 2 innovative electroporation-based minimally invasive therapies for the treatment of cancer. Combining nonthermal effects of irreversible electroporation with local application of chemotherapy, electrochemotherapy is an established treatment modality for skin…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8ea932645b5c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electropermeabilization of cells by closely spaced paired nanosecond-range pulses", "authors": "Semenov et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.01.013", "pmid": "29413863", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Decreasing the time gap between two identical electric pulses is expected to render bioeffects similar to those of a single pulse of equivalent total duration. In this study, we show that it is not necessarily true, and that the effects vary for different permeabilization markers. We exposed individual CHO or NG108…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-731b4ef3afe2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reversible Electroporation-Mediated Liposomal Doxorubicin Delivery to Tumors Can Be Monitored With 89 Zr-Labeled Reporter Nanoparticles", "authors": "Srimathveeravalli et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Mol Imaging", "doi": "10.1177/1536012117749726", "pmid": "29480077", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Reversible electroporation (RE) can facilitate nanoparticle delivery to tumors through direct transfection and from changes in vascular permeability. We investigated a radiolabeled liposomal nanoparticle ( 89 Zr-NRep) for monitoring RE-mediated liposomal doxorubicin (DOX) delivery in mouse tumors. Intravenously…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e53e8d5e4f13", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of calcium electroporation on tumour vasculature", "authors": "Staresinic et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-018-27728-z", "pmid": "29925935", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is a novel anti-tumour treatment that induces cell death by internalization of large quantities of calcium. The anti-tumour effectiveness of CaEP has been demonstrated in vitro, in vivo, and in preliminary clinical trials; however, its effects on the vasculature have not been previously investigated. Using a dorsal window chamber tumour model, we observed that CaEP affected to the same degree normal and tumour blood vessels in vivo, as it disrupted the vessels and caused tumour eradication by necrosis. In all cases, the effect was more pronounced in small vessels, similar to electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin. In vitro studies in four different cell lines (the B16F1 melanoma, HUVEC endothelial, FADU squamous cell carcinoma, and CHO cell lines) confirmed that CaEP causes necrosis associated with acute and severe ATP depletion, a picture different from bleomycin with electroporation. Furthermore, CaEP considerably inhibited cell migratory capabilities of endothelial cells and their potential to form capillary-like structures. The finding that CaEP has anti-vascular effects and inhibits cell migration capabilities may contribute to the explanation of the high efficacy observed in preclinical and clinical studies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-639e8a36bebe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Recommendations and requirements for reporting on applications of electric pulse delivery for electroporation of biological samples", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.03.005", "pmid": "29571034", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electric field-induced membrane changes are an important approach in the life sciences. However, the developments in knowledge and translational applications face problems of reproducibility. Indeed, a quick survey of the literature reveals a lack of transparent and comprehensive reporting of essential technical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d0cb16742b32", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Improving therapeutic efficacy of IL-12 intratumoral gene electrotransfer through novel plasmid design and modified parameters", "authors": "Burkart et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/s41434-018-0006-y", "pmid": "29523878", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "The use of immunomodulatory cytokines has been shown effective in regressing a wide range of tumors. However, systemic delivery of recombinant cytokines results in serious, potentially life-threatening, adverse effects. By contrast, nucleic acid transfer via electroporation (EP) is a safe and effective method of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a54029e5424a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Current Progress in Electrotransfection as a Nonviral Method for Gene Delivery", "authors": "Cervia et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Mol Pharm", "doi": "10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00207", "pmid": "29889538", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electrotransfection (ET) is a nonviral method for delivery of various types of molecules into cells both in vitro and in vivo. Close to 90 clinical trials that involve the use of ET have been performed, and approximately half of them are related to cancer treatment. Particularly, ET is an attractive technique for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-22bd4363a38a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Smart vaccine delivery based on microneedle arrays decorated with ultra-pH-responsive copolymers for cancer immunotherapy", "authors": "Duong et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Biomaterials", "doi": "10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.008", "pmid": "30216806", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Despite the tremendous potential of DNA-based cancer vaccines, their efficacious delivery to antigen presenting cells to stimulate both humoral and cellular response remains a major challenge. Although electroporation-based transfection has improved performance, an optimal strategy for safe and pain-free vaccination…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-92f5a2d5e8f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Characterization of abscopal effects of intratumoral electroporation-mediated IL-12 gene therapy", "authors": "Mukhopadhyay et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/s41434-018-0044-5", "pmid": "30323352", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Intratumoral electroporation-mediated IL-12 gene therapy (IT-pIL12/EP) has been shown to be safe and effective in clinical trials, demonstrating systemic antitumor effects with local delivery of this potent cytokine. We recently optimized our IL-12 gene delivery platform to increase transgene expression and efficacy in preclinical models. Here we analyze the immunological changes induced with the new IT-pIL12/EP platform in both electroporated and distant, non-electroporated lesions. IT-pIL12/EP-treated tumors demonstrated rapid induction of IL-12-regulated pathways, as well as other cytokines and chemokines pathways, and upregulation of antigen presentation machinery. The distant tumors showed an increase in infiltrating lymphocytes and gene expression changes indicative of a de novo immune response in these untreated lesions. Flow cytometric analyses revealed a KLRG1 hi CD8 + effector T-cell population uniquely present in mice treated with IT-pIL12/EP. Despite being highly activated, this population expressed diminished levels of PD-1 when re-exposed to antigen in the PD-L1-rich tumor. Other T-cell exhaustion markers appeared to be downregulated in concert, suggesting an orchestrated \"armoring\" of these effector T cells against T-cell checkpoints when primed in the presence of IL-12 in situ. These cells may represent an important mechanism by which local IL-12 gene therapy can induce a systemic antitumor immune response without the associated toxicity of systemic IL-12 exposure.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-226a58de20ac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "ICOS activation in combination with electrochemotherapy generates effective anti-cancer immunological responses in murine models of primary, secondary and metastatic disease", "authors": "Tremble et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.081", "pmid": "29408339", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an evolving therapy which has recently been shown to induce an immunogenic form of cell death. It is hypothesized that the immunogenic cell death induced by electrochemotherapy may compliment the responses seen with anti-cancer immunotherapies. We therefore examined the effect of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-43eb871a5fb0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "ESOPE-Equivalent Pulsing Protocols for Calcium Electroporation: An In Vitro Optimization Study on 2 Cancer Cell Models", "authors": "Romeo et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818788072", "pmid": "30021498", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Reversible electroporation is used to increase the uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs in local tumor treatment (electrochemotherapy) by applying the pulsing protocol (8 rectangular pulses, 1000 V/cm, 100 µs) standardized in the framework of the European Standard Operating Procedure on Electrochemotherapy multicenter…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d6bb7c11e640", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a New Modality in Interventional Oncology A Review", "authors": "Probst et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818785329", "pmid": "29986632", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a well-known phenomenon that occurs at the cell membrane when cells are exposed to high-intensity electric pulses. Depending on electric pulse amplitude and number of pulses, applied electroporation can be reversible with membrane permeability recovery or irreversible. Reversible electroporation is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d38d1f90883c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Review on Electroporation-Based Intracellular Delivery", "authors": "Shi et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules23113044", "pmid": "30469344", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Intracellular delivery is a critical step in biological discoveries and has been widely utilized in biomedical research. A variety of molecular tools have been developed for cell-based gene therapies, including FDA approved CAR-T immunotherapy, iPSC, cell reprogramming and gene editing. Despite the inspiring results of these applications, intracellular delivery of foreign molecules including nucleic acids and proteins remains challenging. Efficient yet non-invasive delivery of biomolecules in a high-throughput manner has thus long fascinates the scientific community. As one of the most popular non-viral technologies for cell transfection, electroporation has gone through enormous development with the assist of nanotechnology and microfabrication. Emergence of miniatured electroporation system brought up many merits over the weakness of traditional electroporation system, including precise dose control and high cell viability. These new generation of electroporation systems are of considerable importance to expand the biological applications of intracellular delivery, bypassing the potential safety issue of viral vectors. In this review, we will go over the recent progresses in the electroporation-based intracellular delivery and several potential applications of cutting-edge research on the miniatured electroporation, including gene therapy, cellular reprogramming and intracellular probe.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6387c68203ab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Stimulation or Cancellation of Ca 2+ Influx by Bipolar Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields in Adrenal Chromaffin Cells Can Be Achieved by Tuning Pulse Waveform", "authors": "Bagalkot et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-47929-4", "pmid": "31395918", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Exposing adrenal chromaffin cells to single 150 to 400 ns electric pulses triggers a rise in intracellular Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ) that is due to Ca 2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels (VGCC) and plasma membrane electropores. Immediate delivery of a second pulse of the opposite polarity in which the duration and amplitude were the same as the first pulse (a symmetrical bipolar pulse) or greater than the first pulse (an asymmetrical bipolar pulse) had a stimulatory effect, evoking larger Ca 2+ responses than the corresponding unipolar pulse. Progressively decreasing the amplitude of the opposite polarity pulse while also increasing its duration converted stimulation to attenuation, which reached a maximum of 43% when the positive phase was 150 ns at 3.1 kV/cm, and the negative phase was 800 ns at 0.2 kV/cm. When VGCCs were blocked, Ca 2+ responses evoked by asymmetrical and even symmetrical bipolar pulses were significantly reduced relative to those evoked by the corresponding unipolar pulse under the same conditions, indicating that attenuation involved mainly the portion of Ca 2+ influx attributable to membrane electropermeabilization. Thus, by tuning the shape of the bipolar pulse, Ca 2+ entry into chromaffin cells through electropores could be attenuated while preserving Ca 2+ influx through VGCCs.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5cf8612d47d1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cell-seeded 3D scaffolds as in vitro models for electroporation", "authors": "Brun et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.08.006", "pmid": "30196014", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation of cells is usually studied using cell suspensions or monolayer cultures. 3D scaffolds for cell culture have been recently designed in order to reproduce in vitro the complex and multifactorial environment experimented in vivo by cells. In fact, it is well known that 2D cell cultures are not able to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0f6f68046ebf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cancellation of nerve excitation by the reversal of nanosecond stimulus polarity and its relevance to the gating time of sodium channels", "authors": "Casciola et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cell Mol Life Sci", "doi": "10.1007/s00018-019-03126-0", "pmid": "31055644", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The initiation of action potentials (APs) by membrane depolarization occurs after a brief vulnerability period, during which excitation can be abolished by the reversal of the stimulus polarity. This vulnerability period is determined by the time needed for gating of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC). We compared…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-02a29aea21c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Recent Advances in Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1089/bioe.2019.0028", "pmid": "34471824", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is gaining recognition as an effective local therapy that uses systemically or intratumorally injected bleomycin or cisplatin with electroporation as a delivery system that brings drugs into the cells to exert their cytotoxic effects. Preclinical work is still ongoing, testing new drugs, seeking…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c7beb8c8086f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Cisplatin and Vinorelbine -Mediated Electrochemotherapeutic Approach Against Multidrug Resistant Small Cell Lung Cancer (H69AR) In Vitro ", "authors": "DRĄG-ZALESIŃSKA et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.13519", "pmid": "31262897", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/aim: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) originates from neuroendocrine branchial cells (15-20%). It is regarded as distinct from other lung cancers due to its biological and clinical features. In most cases of SCLC, surgery or radiotherapy alone is not an effective cure. The aim of our study was to examine the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6231e7aafeaa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Ungual warts: comparison of treatment with intralesional bleomycin and electroporation in terms of efficacy and safety", "authors": "Di Chiacchio et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.15815", "pmid": "31314920", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Ungual warts are considered the most common benign nail tumour, and they are caused by the human papillomavirus. Despite the numerous treatments reported in the medical literature, ungual warts are considered frustrating, with high relapse rates and a potential risk of nail dystrophy. Bleomycin is a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-112910b71a07", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Analysis of Factors Influencing the Transmembrane Voltage Induced in Filamentous Fungi by Pulsed Electric Fields", "authors": "Feng", "year": 2019, "journal": "Microorganisms", "doi": "10.3390/microorganisms7090307", "pmid": "31480607", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This article studies the sterilization effects of high-voltage pulsed electric field (PEF) of technology on filamentous fungi. A cell dielectric model was proposed based on the physical structure of filamentous fungi. Basic theories of the electromagnetic field were comprehensively applied, and the multiphysics field simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics was used for more detailed study. The effects of PEF treatment parameters and microbial characteristic parameters on the resulting cell membrane and nuclear membrane changes were simulated and analyzed. The results showed significant effects on the transmembrane voltage of the cell membrane and nuclear membrane from the electric field intensity, pulse duration, cell membrane thickness, superposition effect of the pulses. However, the amount of hyphae had little effect, and the number of cell nuclei and the thickness of the cell walls had almost no effect on the transmembrane voltage of the cell membranes and the nuclear membranes. The results provide theoretical support for applying high-voltage PEFs to kill fungi in practical applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b280016d9e3d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation optimizes the uptake of boron-10 by tumor for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) mediated by GB-10: a boron biodistribution study in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model", "authors": "Garabalino et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Radiat Environ Biophys", "doi": "10.1007/s00411-019-00796-z", "pmid": "31123853", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising cancer binary therapy modality that utilizes the nuclear capture reaction of thermal neutrons by boron-10 resulting in a localized release of high- and low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is based on electroporation (EP) that induces…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b827466c990c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Impact of the number of electric pulses on cell electrochemotherapy in vitro: Limits of linearity and saturation", "authors": "García-Sánchez et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.05.021", "pmid": "31200252", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "In this study the evolution in the efficiency of electrochemotherapy (reversible electroporation) with pulse number was assessed in vitro. Experiments were performed using 100 μs pulses at different electric field intensities and the chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin. Additionally, electrical impedance spectroscopy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-08f5513b13db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Special Collection on Electroporation-Based Therapies: A Selection of Papers From the Second World Congress on Electroporation", "authors": "Heller et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033819852966", "pmid": "31132932", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electroporation Based Therapies - Editorial Special Collection on ElectroporationBased Therapies: A Selection of Papers From the Second World Congress on Electroporation Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment Volume 18: 1-2 ª The Author(s) 2019 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions DOI: 10.1177/1533033819852966 journals.sagepub.com/home/tct Richard Heller, PhD1 and Rafael V. Davalos, PhD2 Received: April 09, 2019; Accepted: April 15, 2019. The use of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) is a rapidly growing field with applications in medicine, food, industry, and environment. This special collection focuses on medical applications specifically aimed at developing effective cancer therapies and understanding the underlying mechanisms of those approaches. Pulsed electric fields can be applied in a variety of ways and is typically characterized by the pulse width (nanosecond to millisecond) and the specific intended application (ablation, delivery, or diagnostic).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-85dc593370e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Temporal Characterization of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption with High-Frequency Electroporation", "authors": "Lorenzo et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11121850", "pmid": "31771214", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Treatment of intracranial disorders suffers from the inability to accumulate therapeutic drug concentrations due to protection from the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Electroporation-based therapies have demonstrated the capability of permeating the BBB, but knowledge of the longevity of BBB disruption (BBBD) is limited. In this study, we quantify the temporal, high-frequency electroporation (HFE)-mediated BBBD in an in vivo healthy rat brain model. 40 male Fisher rats underwent HFE treatment; two blunt tipped monopolar electrodes were advanced into the brain and 200 bursts of HFE were delivered at a voltage-to-distance ratio of 600 V/cm. BBBD was verified with contrast enhanced T1W MRI (gadopentetate dimeglumine) and pathologically (Evans blue dye) at time points of 1, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after HFE. Contrast enhanced T1W scans demonstrated BBBD for 1 to 72 h after HFE but intact BBB at 96 h. Histologically, tissue damage was restricted to electrode insertion tracks. BBBD was induced with minimal muscle contractions and minimal cell death attributed to HFE. Numerical modeling indicated that brief BBBD was induced with low magnitude electric fields, and BBBD duration increased with field strength. These data suggest the spatiotemporal characteristics of HFE-mediated BBBD may be modulated with the locally applied electric field.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fee79126d15e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of electrochemotherapy with betulinic acid or cisplatin on regulation of heat shock proteins in metastatic human carcinoma cells in vitro", "authors": "Mączyńska et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Oncol Rep", "doi": "10.3892/or.2019.7103", "pmid": "31002374", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Betulinic acid (BTA) is naturally occurring triterpene that has received interest as a novel therapeutic substance with cytotoxicity towards a number of cancer cell lines. Despite the wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological effects, its effect may be limited its lipophobic properties. Therefore, strategies to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8c484e9d1ed6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Application of Pulsed Electric Fields to Cancer Therapy", "authors": "Nuccitelli", "year": 2019, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1089/bioe.2018.0001", "pmid": "34471806", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "This review covers the use of pulsed electric fields in cancer therapy. It is organized into three sections based on pulse length, millisecond domain, microsecond domain, and nanosecond domain. The predominant application of pulsed electric fields is the modification of the permeability of cellular membranes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-593673d6f4e0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Single-needle electroporation and interstitial electrochemotherapy: in vivo safety and efficacy evaluation of a new system", "authors": "Pedersoli et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-019-06251-3", "pmid": "31101968", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: We conducted an in vivo trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of a newly developed system for the application of a combined therapy consisting of irreversible electroporation (IRE) and electrochemotherapy (IRECT) in the liver. The system is conceived as a single-needle multitined applicator with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2e76ae932736", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Computer simulation of commercial conductive gels and their application to increase the safety of electrochemotherapy treatment", "authors": "Pintarelli et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Med Eng Phys", "doi": "10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.09.016", "pmid": "31564500", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) exploits the phenomenon of electroporation, which is the increase of cell permeability through the application of an electrical field. This technique is applied in medical centers in Europe and in veterinary clinics in Europe, Brazil, and Argentina. ECT treatment requires a minimum electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3890f1543702", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Critical Review of Electroporation as A Plasmid Delivery System in Mouse Skeletal Muscle", "authors": "Sokołowska et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms20112776", "pmid": "31174257", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "The gene delivery to skeletal muscles is a promising strategy for the treatment of both muscular disorders (by silencing or overexpression of specific gene) and systemic secretion of therapeutic proteins. The use of a physical method like electroporation with plate or needle electrodes facilitates long-lasting gene silencing in situ. It has been reported that electroporation enhances the expression of the naked DNA gene in the skeletal muscle up to 100 times and decreases the changeability of the intramuscular expression. Coelectransfer of reporter genes such as green fluorescent protein (GFP), luciferase or beta-galactosidase allows the observation of correctly performed silencing in the muscles. Appropriate selection of plasmid injection volume and concentration, as well as electrotransfer parameters, such as the voltage, the length and the number of electrical pulses do not cause long-term damage to myocytes. In this review, we summarized the electroporation methodology as well as the procedure of electrotransfer to the gastrocnemius, tibialis, soleus and foot muscles and compare their advantages and disadvantages.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c9e55900ca72", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Plasma Bleomycin Concentrations during Electrochemotherapeutic Treatment of Fibropapillomas in Green Turtles Chelonia mydas", "authors": "Donnelly et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Aquat Anim Health", "doi": "10.1002/aah.10067", "pmid": "31100193", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Fibropapillomatosis of sea turtles is traditionally treated with surgical debulking techniques that are often associated with prolonged healing and tumor recurrence. Electrochemotherapy was recently described for green turtles Chelonia mydas and can be an alternative to surgery and even general anesthesia. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-93dc3fbe594b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy: A Review of Current Status, Alternative IGP Approaches, and Future Perspectives", "authors": "Esmaeili et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Healthc Eng", "doi": "10.1155/2019/2784516", "pmid": "30719264", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The efficiency of electroporation (EP) has made it a widely used therapeutic procedure to transfer cell killing substances effectively to the target site. A lot of researches are being done on EP-based cancer treatment techniques. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is the first EP-based application in the field of drug administration. ECT is a local and nonthermal treatment of cancer that combines the use of a medical device with pharmaceutical agents to obtain local tumor control in solid cancers. It involves the application of eight, 100 µ s, pulses at 1 or 5000 Hz frequency and specified electric field (V/cm) with a median duration of 25 minutes. The efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs increases by applying short and intense electrical pulses. Several clinical studies proposed ECT as a safe and complementary curative or palliative treatment option (curative intent of 50% to 63% in the treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)) to treat a number of solid tumors and skin malignancies, which are not suitable for conventional treatments. It is used currently for treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, without consideration of their histology. On the contrary, it is also becoming a practical method for treatment of internal, deep-seated tumors and tissues. A review of this method, needed instruments, alternative image-guided procedures (IGP) approaches, and future perspectives and recommendations are discussed in this paper.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fae6c4ed989a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Influence of the electrode material on ROS generation and electroporation efficiency in low and high frequency nanosecond pulse range", "authors": "Ruzgys et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.02.002", "pmid": "30769178", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a widely-used methodology for permeabilization of cells using pulsed electric field (PEF). In this paper, we compare the electroporation efficiency in terms of molecular transport and the generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) between low (1 Hz) and high (1 MHz) frequency nanosecond range PEF…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0f89feadc4af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Monitoring the molecular composition of live cells exposed to electric pulses via label-free optical methods", "authors": "Azan et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-67402-x", "pmid": "32591612", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The permeabilization of the live cells membrane by the delivery of electric pulses has fundamental interest in medicine, in particular in tumors treatment by electrochemotherapy. Since underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood, we studied the impact of electric pulses on the biochemical composition of live cells thanks to label-free optical methods: confocal Raman microspectroscopy and terahertz microscopy. A dose effect was observed after cells exposure to different field intensities and a major impact on cell peptide/protein content was found. Raman measurements reveal that protein structure and/or environment are modified by the electric pulses while terahertz measurements suggest a leakage of proteins and other intracellular compounds. We show that Raman and terahertz modalities are a particularly attractive complement to fluorescence microscopy which is the reference optical technique in the case of electropermeabilization. Finally, we propose an analytical model for the influx and efflux of non-permeant molecules through transiently (electro)permeabilized cell membranes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b99a090fc2a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Probing Nanoelectroporation and Resealing of the Cell Membrane by the Entry of Ca2+ and Ba2+ Ions", "authors": "Bo et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms21093386", "pmid": "32403282", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "The principal bioeffect of the nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) is a lasting cell membrane permeabilization, which is often attributed to the formation of nanometer-sized pores. Such pores may be too small for detection by the uptake of fluorescent dyes. We tested if Ca 2+ , Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Ba 2+ ions can be used as nanoporation markers. Time-lapse imaging was performed in CHO, BPAE, and HEK cells loaded with Fluo-4, Calbryte, or Fluo-8 dyes. Ca 2+ and Ba 2+ did not change fluorescence in intact cells, whereas their entry after nsPEF increased fluorescence within <1 ms. The threshold for one 300-ns pulse was at 1.5-2 kV/cm, much lower than >7 kV/cm for the formation of larger pores that admitted YO-PRO-1, TO-PRO-3, or propidium dye into the cells. Ba 2+ entry caused a gradual emission rise, which reached a stable level in 2 min or, with more intense nsPEF, kept rising steadily for at least 30 min. Ca 2+ entry could elicit calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) followed by Ca 2+ removal from the cytosol, which markedly affected the time course, polarity, amplitude, and the dose-dependence of fluorescence change. Both Ca 2+ and Ba 2+ proved as sensitive nanoporation markers, with Ba 2+ being more reliable for monitoring membrane damage and resealing.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-772f62168cd2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Starting a Fire Without Flame: The Induction of Cell Death and Inflammation in Electroporation-Based Tumor Ablation Strategies", "authors": "Brock et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2020.01235", "pmid": "32850371", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "New therapeutic strategies and paradigms are direly needed for the treatment of cancer. While the surgical removal of tumors is favored in most cancer treatment plans, resection options are often limited based on tumor localization. Over the last two decades, multiple tumor ablation strategies have emerged as promising stand-alone or combination therapeutic options for patients. These strategies are often employed to treat tumors in areas where surgical resection is not possible or where chemotherapeutics have proven ineffective. The type of cell death induced by the ablation modality is a critical aspect of therapeutic success that can impact the efficacy of the treatment and systemic anti-tumor immune system responses. Electroporation-based ablation technologies include electrochemotherapy, irreversible electroporation, and other modalities that rely on pulsed electric fields to create pores in cell membranes. These pores can either be reversible or irreversible depending on the electric field parameters and can induce cell death either alone or in combination with a therapeutic agent. However, there have been many controversial findings among these technologies as to the cell death type initiated, from apoptosis to pyroptosis. As cell death mechanisms can impact treatment side effects and efficacy, we review the main types of cell death induced by electroporation-based treatments and summarize the impact of these mechanisms on treatment response. We also discuss potential reasons behind the variability of findings such as the similarities between cell death pathways, differences between cell-types, and the variation in electric field strength across the treatment area.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-09dcf5288c9e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in 3D Ocular Melanoma Spheroids using a Customized Electrode", "authors": "Fiorentzis et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/60611", "pmid": "32421010", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is the combination of transient pore formation following electric pulse application with the administration of cytotoxic drugs, which enhances the cytotoxic effect of the applied agent due to membrane changes. In vitro 3D culture systems simulate the in vivo tumor growth and preserve the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a508093bc128", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Physiological changes may dominate the electrical properties of liver during reversible electroporation: Measurements and modelling", "authors": "García-Sánchez et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107627", "pmid": "32784102", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "This study presents electrical measurements (both conductivity during the pulses and impedance spectroscopy before and after) performed in liver tissue of mice during electroporation with classical electrochemotherapy conditions (8 pulses of 100 µs duration). A four-needle electrode arrangement inserted in the tissue…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-95b0c4f6ab0e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cytoskeletal Disruption after Electroporation and Its Significance to Pulsed Electric Field Therapies", "authors": "Graybill et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12051132", "pmid": "32366043", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) have become clinically important through the success of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE), Electrochemotherapy (ECT), and nanosecond PEFs (nsPEFs) for the treatment of tumors. PEFs increase the permeability of cell membranes, a phenomenon known as electroporation. In addition to well-known membrane effects, PEFs can cause profound cytoskeletal disruption. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of cytoskeletal disruption after PEFs. Compiling available studies, we describe PEF-induced cytoskeletal disruption and possible mechanisms of disruption. Additionally, we consider how cytoskeletal alterations contribute to cell-cell and cell-substrate disruption. We conclude with a discussion of cytoskeletal disruption-induced anti-vascular effects of PEFs and consider how a better understanding of cytoskeletal disruption after PEFs may lead to more effective therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e68ed49c0723", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrosclerotherapy as a Novel Treatment Option for Hypertrophic Capillary Malformations: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial", "authors": "Horbach et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Dermatol Surg", "doi": "10.1097/DSS.0000000000002191", "pmid": "31574025", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Bleomycin sclerotherapy is ineffective for treating capillary malformations (CMs) because bleomycin cannot adequately be injected into the small-diameter capillary lumina. Electrosclerotherapy (EST) might be a new treatment modality for CMs, as it combines bleomycin sclerotherapy and \"electroporation\"-an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II", "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-77087e4a1d2d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue", "authors": "Kim et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033820948051", "pmid": "32985353", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Tissue electrolysis is an alternative modality that uses a low intensity direct electric current passing through at least 2 electrodes within the tissue and resulting electrochemical products including chlorine and hydrogen. These products induce changes in pH around electrodes and cause dehydration resulting from…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e6baaa687221", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Wireless Electrochemotherapy by Selenium-Doped Piezoelectric Biomaterials to Enhance Cancer Cell Apoptosis", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "ACS Appl Mater Interfaces", "doi": "10.1021/acsami.0c04666", "pmid": "32508084", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Cancer residues around the surgical site remain a significant cause of treatment failure with cancer recurrence. To prevent cancer recurrence and simultaneously repair surgery-caused defects, it is urgent to develop implantable biomaterials with anticancer ability and good biological activity. In this work, a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9e3c4b8948f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The effect of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on biological pathways induced by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mansourian et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.1080/15368378.2020.1856681", "pmid": "33306410", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new and promising treatment strategy for cancer treatment. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) on the mechanisms of ECT (low voltage, high frequency) including cell permeability in vitro, and tumor hypoxia, immune…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a16c68dc792e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The role of 217-Hz ELF magnetic fields emitted from GSM mobile phones on electrochemotherapy mechanisms", "authors": "Mansourian et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.1080/15368378.2020.1762635", "pmid": "32410511", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), the combination of electric pulses (EPs) and an anticancer drug, is a type of cancer treatment method. We investigated the effect of 217-Hz magnetic fields (MFs) similar to that generated by GSM900 mobile phones, as intervening factors, on proposed mechanisms of ECT including permeability…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-40c9a0a52db7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanofountain Probe Electroporation Enables Versatile Single-Cell Intracellular Delivery and Investigation of Postpulse Electropore Dynamics", "authors": "Nathamgari et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Small", "doi": "10.1002/smll.202002616", "pmid": "33006271", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introducing exogenous molecules into cells with high efficiency and dosage control is a crucial step in basic research as well as clinical applications. Here, the capability of the nanofountain probe electroporation (NFP-E) system to deliver proteins and plasmids in a variety of continuous and primary cell types with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4fad221fca6c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Extracellular-Ca 2+ -Induced Decrease in Small Molecule Electrotransfer Efficiency: Comparison between Microsecond and Nanosecond Electric Pulses", "authors": "Navickaite et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics12050422", "pmid": "32375426", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-a transient electric-field-induced increase in cell membrane permeability-can be used to facilitate the delivery of anticancer drugs for antitumour electrochemotherapy. In recent years, Ca 2+ electroporation has emerged as an alternative modality to electrochemotherapy. The antitumor effect of calcium electroporation is achieved as a result of the introduction of supraphysiological calcium doses. However, calcium is also known to play a key role in membrane resealing, potentially altering the pore dynamics and molecular delivery during electroporation. To elucidate the role of calcium for the electrotransfer of small charged molecule into cell we have performed experiments using nano- and micro-second electric pulses. The results demonstrate that extracellular calcium ions inhibit the electrotransfer of small charged molecules. Experiments revealed that this effect is related to an increased rate of membrane resealing. We also employed mathematical modelling methods in order to explain the differences between the CaCl 2 effects after the application of nano- and micro-second duration electric pulses. Simulation showed that these differences occur due to the changes in transmembrane voltage generation in response to the increase in specific conductivity when CaCl 2 concentration is increased.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-20bd42880ecc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of extracellular medium conductivity on cell response in the context of sub-microsecond range calcium electroporation", "authors": "Novickij", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-60789-7", "pmid": "32111987", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "In the present study, we report the effects of extracellular medium conductivity on cell response in the context of sub-microsecond range (100 ns-900 ns) electroporation, calcium electroporation and cell size. The effects of 25 ns and microsecond range (100 μs) pulses were also covered. As a model, three different cancer cell lines of various size (C32, MCF-7/DX and MC38/0) were used and the results indicated different size-dependent susceptibility patterns to the treatment. The applied pulsed electric field (PEF) protocols revealed a significant decrease of cell viability when calcium electroporation was used. The dependence of calcium ion transport and finally the anticancer effect on the external medium conductivity was determined. It was shown that small differences in conductivity do not alter viability significantly, however, mostly affect the permeabilization. At the same, MC38/0 cell line was the least susceptible to calcium electroporation, while the C32 line the most. In all cases calcium electroporation was mostly dependent on the sensitivity of cells to electroporation and could not be effectively improved by the increase of CaCl 2 concentration from 2 mM to 5 mM. Lastly, sub-microsecond PEF stimulated aquaporin-4 and VDAC1/Porin immunoreactions in all treated cells lines, which indicated that cell water balance is affected, ions exchange is increased and release of mitochondrial products is occurrent.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e179f6989559", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Using Doxorubicin and Nanosecond Electric Field Pulses: A Pilot in Vivo Study", "authors": "Novickij et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules25204601", "pmid": "33050300", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric field (PEF) is frequently used for intertumoral drug delivery resulting in a well-known anticancer treatment-electrochemotherapy. However, electrochemotherapy is associated with microsecond range of electrical pulses, while nanosecond range electrochemotherapy is almost non-existent. In this work, we analyzed the feasibility of nanosecond range pulse bursts for successful doxorubicin-based electrochemotherapy in vivo. The conventional microsecond (1.4 kV/cm × 100 µs × 8) procedure was compared to the nanosecond (3.5 kV/cm × 800 ns × 250) non-thermal PEF-based treatment. As a model, Sp2/0 tumors were developed. Additionally, basic current and voltage measurements were performed to detect the characteristic conductivity-dependent patterns and to serve as an indicator of successful tumor permeabilization both in the nano and microsecond pulse range. It was shown that nano-electrochemotherapy can be the logical evolution of the currently established European Standard Operating Procedures for Electrochemotherapy (ESOPE) protocols, offering better energy control and equivalent treatment efficacy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-405ebfd6c82c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The interplay of excitation and electroporation in nanosecond pulse stimulation", "authors": "Pakhomov et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107598", "pmid": "32711366", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Conventional electric stimuli of micro- and millisecond duration excite or activate cells at voltages 10-100 times below the electroporation threshold. This ratio is remarkably different for nanosecond electric pulses (nsEP), which caused excitation and activation only at or above the electroporation threshold in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6d43b53dd866", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Early Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Electrochemotherapy as a Prospect Treatment Modality for Skin Melanoma", "authors": "Pirc et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Clin Ther", "doi": "10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.06.013", "pmid": "32768246", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose: Electrochemotherapy is increasingly entering into national and international guidelines, requiring formal evaluation of treatment costs and cost-effectiveness to ensure that its uptake provides value to budget-constrained health care systems. This study analyzed the early cost-effectiveness of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d10397597450", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A green, efficient and precise hydrogen therapy of cancer based on in vivo electrochemistry", "authors": "Qi et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Natl Sci Rev", "doi": "10.1093/nsr/nwz199", "pmid": "34692085", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "By combined use of traditional Chinese acupuncture Fe needle electrode and in vivo electrochemistry, we achieved in vivo H 2 generation in tumors in a controllable manner and exploited it for effective and green therapy of tumors for the first time. The cathodic acupuncture electrodes working under an applied voltage of ∼3 V (with minimal damage to the living body) undergo effective electrochemical reactions in the acidic tumor area that produce sufficient H 2 locally to cause cancer cells to burst and die. Due to puncture positioning, the acidic tumor microenvironment and gas diffusion effect, the developed H 2 generation electrochemotherapy (H 2 -ECT) strategy enables precise and large-scale tumor therapy, as demonstrated by in vivo treatment of diseased mice (glioma and breast cancers). Such green H 2 -ECT is simple, highly efficient and minimally invasive, requiring no expensive medical equipment or nano materials and medication, and is therefore very promising for potential clinical applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-734defaf98d3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Pulsed Electric Fields Can Create Pores in the Voltage Sensors of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels", "authors": "Rems et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpj.2020.05.030", "pmid": "32559411", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric fields are increasingly used in medicine to transiently increase the cell membrane permeability via electroporation to deliver therapeutic molecules into the cell. One type of event that contributes to this increase in membrane permeability is the formation of pores in the membrane lipid bilayer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a6118672e228", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Combination of bleomycin and cisplatin as adjuvant electrochemotherapy protocol for the treatment of incompletely excised feline injection-site sarcomas: A retrospective study", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.4314/ovj.v10i3.4", "pmid": "33282697", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: fFeline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs) are mesenchymal tumors that can occur in cats after injections of different medical agents and are easily prone to recurrence. Aim: The aims of this study were to report treatment outcomes for cats with feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs) treated with both…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-90b7259c83e7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Apoptosis as the main type of cell death induced by calcium electroporation in rhabdomyosarcoma cells", "authors": "Szewczyk et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107592", "pmid": "32674006", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (CaEP) has been previously reported as an effective method of rhabdomyosarcoma cells reduction. CaEP causes temporary cell membrane permeabilization with simultaneous calcium ions influx. A rapid influx of calcium ions leads to mitochondrial overload by Ca 2+ , loss of mitochondrial membrane…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5ff2ed87d973", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Dye Transport through Bilayers Agrees with Lipid Electropore Molecular Dynamics", "authors": "Sözer et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpj.2020.09.028", "pmid": "33096018", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Although transport of molecules into cells via electroporation is a common biomedical procedure, its protocols are often based on trial and error. Despite a long history of theoretical effort, the underlying mechanisms of cell membrane electroporation are not sufficiently elucidated, in part, because of the number of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-661f58a5788a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation technique for joint pain - Pilot feasibility study on TMD patients", "authors": "Tartaglia et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Clin Exp Dent Res", "doi": "10.1002/cre2.327", "pmid": "33280278", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objective(s): It is well appreciated that traditional analgesic delivery routes used to treat pain associated with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) often have harmful unintended side effects as a consequence of systemic distribution. Further, localized delivery of analgesic medication via intra-articular injections involves a different set of issues limiting their clinical viability. As an option, transdermal analgesic delivery provides for prolonged pain relief and flexibility in dose administration, while limiting systemic exposure and minimizing adverse events. Incorporation of a novel electroporation technique may further increase transdermal drug penetration into synovial tissue/fluid and enhance pain reduction. The present feasibility study compares the effectiveness of an electroporation-enhanced transdermal application of diclofenac sodium to a conventional intra-articular injection of triamcinolone acetonide suspension (corticosteroids) to treat patients with TMD associated pain. Methods: Pre- and post-treatment maximal incisal mouth opening (MIO), pain visual analog scale (VAS) and surface electromyography (EMG) of 22 patients treated with electroporation-enhanced diclofenac and 37 patients treated with corticosteroids injections were collected and analyzed. Results: In general, patients treated with electroporation exhibited better results in terms of pain improvement (corrected p-value = .01) compared to the standard treatment, but both methods were similarly effective for improvement of MIO (corrected p-value = .71) and improvement of all EMG indices (corrected p-values ≥ .05). Conclusion: The enhancing effect of electroporation in transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium was demonstrated by decreased pain, increase MIO and EMG improvement to normal values. Its analgesic and inflammatory results are comparable with standard treatment offered by corticosteroids.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c96f71ac7a12", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combination Treatment with Cold Physical Plasma and Pulsed Electric Fields Augments ROS Production and Cytotoxicity in Lymphoma", "authors": "Wolff et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12040845", "pmid": "32244543", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "New approaches in oncotherapy rely on the combination of different treatments to enhance the efficacy of established monotherapies. Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) are an established method (electrochemotherapy) for enhancing cellular drug uptake while cold physical plasma is an emerging and promising anticancer technology. This study aimed to combine both technologies to elucidate their cytotoxic potential as well as the underlying mechanisms of the effects observed. An electric field generator (0.9-1.0 kV/cm and 100-μs pulse duration) and an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet were employed for the treatment of lymphoma cell lines as a model system. PEF but not plasma treatment induced cell membrane permeabilization. Additive cytotoxicity was observed for the metabolic activity and viability of the cells while the sequence of treatment in the combination played only a minor role. Intriguingly, a parallel combination was more effective compared to a 15-min pause between both treatment regimens. A combination effect was also found for lipid peroxidation; however, none could be observed in the cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The supplementation with either antioxidant, a pan-caspase-inhibitor or a ferroptosis inhibitor, all partially rescued lymphoma cells from terminal cell death, which contributes to the mechanistic understanding of this combination treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-385f68ef6695", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Voltage and Time Required for Irreversible Thermal Damage of Tumor Tissues during Electrochemotherapy under Thomson Effect", "authors": "Youssef et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Mathematics", "doi": "10.3390/math8091488", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "The essential target of the tumor’s treatment is how to destroy its tissues. This work is dealing with the thermal damage of the tumor tissue due to the thermoelectrical effect based on the Thomson effect. The governing equation of tumor tissue in concentric spherical space based on the thermal lagging effect is constructed and solved when the surface of the tumor tissue is subjected to a specific electric voltage. Different voltage and resistance effects have been studied and discussed for three different types of tumor tissues. The thermal damage quantity has been calculated with varying values of voltages and times. The voltage has significant effects on the temperature and the amount of the irreversible thermal damage of the tumor. Electrotherapy is a successful treatment. This work introduces a different model to doctors who work in clinical cancer to do experiments using electricity to damage the cancer cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-90875df564b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Non-viral Gene Delivery Methods for Bone and Joints", "authors": "Gantenbein et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Bioeng Biotechnol", "doi": "10.3389/fbioe.2020.598466", "pmid": "33330428", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Viral carrier transport efficiency of gene delivery is high, depending on the type of vector. However, viral delivery poses significant safety concerns such as inefficient/unpredictable reprogramming outcomes, genomic integration, as well as unwarranted immune responses and toxicity. Thus, non-viral gene delivery methods are more feasible for translation as these allow safer delivery of genes and can modulate gene expression transiently both in vivo , ex vivo , and in vitro . Based on current studies, the efficiency of these technologies appears to be more limited, but they are appealing for clinical translation. This review presents a summary of recent advancements in orthopedics, where primarily bone and joints from the musculoskeletal apparatus were targeted. In connective tissues, which are known to have a poor healing capacity, and have a relatively low cell-density, i.e., articular cartilage, bone, and the intervertebral disk (IVD) several approaches have recently been undertaken. We provide a brief overview of the existing technologies, using nano-spheres/engineered vesicles, lipofection, and in vivo electroporation. Here, delivery for microRNA (miRNA), and silencing RNA (siRNA) and DNA plasmids will be discussed. Recent studies will be summarized that aimed to improve regeneration of these tissues, involving the delivery of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), such as BMP2 for improvement of bone healing. For articular cartilage/osteochondral junction, non-viral methods concentrate on targeted delivery to chondrocytes or MSCs for tissue engineering-based approaches. For the IVD, growth factors such as GDF5 or GDF6 or developmental transcription factors such as Brachyury or FOXF1 seem to be of high clinical interest. However, the most efficient method of gene transfer is still elusive, as several preclinical studies have reported many different non-viral methods and clinical translation of these techniques still needs to be validated. Here we discuss the non-viral methods applied for bone and joint and propose methods that can be promising in clinical use.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fddc8789dec1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A DNA-based vaccine protects against Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus disease in a Cynomolgus macaque model", "authors": "Hawman et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Nat Microbiol", "doi": "10.1038/s41564-020-00815-6", "pmid": "33257849", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "There is currently no specific prophylaxis or vaccine against Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe febrile illness transmitted by Hyalomma ticks in endemic areas, handling of infected livestock or care of infected patients. We report here the successful…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e67ece6812a2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Phase 2a Randomized, Double-Blind, Dose-Optimizing Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Bivalent DNA Vaccine for Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Delivered by Intramuscular Electroporation", "authors": "Hooper et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines8030377", "pmid": "32664486", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Puumala virus (PUUV) are pathogenic hantaviruses found in Asia and Europe, respectively. DNA vaccines targeting the envelope glycoproteins of these viruses have been constructed and found to elicit neutralizing antibodies when delivered to humans by various technologies including intramuscular electroporation. Here, we report findings from a Phase 2a clinical trial of a combined HTNV/PUUV DNA vaccine delivered at varying doses and administration schedules using the Ichor Medical Systems TriGrid intramuscular electroporation delivery technology. The study was designed to characterize the effects of DNA vaccine dose and number of administrations on the frequency and magnitude of immunological response. Subjects ( n = 120) were divided into four cohorts. Cohorts 1 and 2 received a dose of 2 mg of DNA (1 mg per plasmid), and cohorts 3 and 4 received a dose of 1 mg of DNA (0.5 mg per plasmid) each vaccination. Each of the four cohorts received a series of four administrations (days 0, 28, 56 and 168). For cohorts 1 and 3, the DNA vaccine candidate was delivered at each of the four administrations. For cohorts 2 and 4, in order to maintain blinding, subjects received the DNA vaccine on days 0, 56 and 168, but on day 28 received only the phosphate buffered saline vehicle rather the DNA vaccine. Sera were collected on days 0, 28, 56, 84, 140, 168, 196, 252 and 365 and evaluated for the presence of neutralizing antibodies by PUUV and HTNV pseudovirion neutralization assays (PsVNAs). Day 84 was also evaluated by a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Overall the PsVNA50 geometric mean titers (GMTs) and seropositivity rates among cohorts were similar. Cohort 3 exhibited the highest frequency of subjects that became seropositive to both PUUV and HTNV after vaccination, the highest peak GMT against both viruses, and the highest median titers against both viruses.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2fcb5149d4d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mechanistic view of skin electroporation - models and dosimetry for successful applications: an expert review", "authors": "Dermol-Černe et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Expert Opin Drug Deliv", "doi": "10.1080/17425247.2020.1745772", "pmid": "32192364", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction : Skin electroporation is a promising treatment for transdermal drug delivery, gene electrotransfer, skin rejuvenation, electrochemotherapy, and wound disinfection. Although a considerable amount of in vitro and in vivo studies exists, the translation to clinics is not as fast as one would hope. We…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d51c1510e743", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Comprehensive Review of Calcium Electroporation-A Novel Cancer Treatment Modality", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12020290", "pmid": "31991784", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation is a potential novel anti-cancer treatment where high calcium concentrations are introduced into cells by electroporation, a method where short, high voltage pulses induce transient permeabilisation of the plasma membrane allowing passage of molecules into the cytosol. Calcium is a tightly regulated, ubiquitous second messenger involved in many cellular processes including cell death. Electroporation increases calcium uptake leading to acute and severe ATP depletion associated with cancer cell death. This comprehensive review describes published data about calcium electroporation applied in vitro, in vivo, and clinically from the first publication in 2012. Calcium electroporation has been shown to be a safe and efficient anti-cancer treatment in clinical studies with cutaneous metastases and recurrent head and neck cancer. Normal cells have been shown to be less affected by calcium electroporation than cancer cells and this difference might be partly induced by differences in membrane repair, expression of calcium transporters, and cellular structural changes. Interestingly, both clinical data and preclinical studies have indicated a systemic immune response induced by calcium electroporation. New cancer treatments are needed, and calcium electroporation represents an inexpensive and efficient treatment with few side effects, that could potentially be used worldwide and for different tumor types.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7cb70df47edc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Permeabilizing Cell Membranes with Electric Fields", "authors": "Aguilar et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13092283", "pmid": "34068775", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The biological impact of exogenous, alternating electric fields (AEFs) and direct-current electric fields has a long history of study, ranging from effects on embryonic development to influences on wound healing. In this article, we focus on the application of electric fields for the treatment of cancers. In particular, we outline the clinical impact of tumor treating fields (TTFields), a form of AEFs, on the treatment of cancers such as glioblastoma and mesothelioma. We provide an overview of the standard mechanism of action of TTFields, namely, the capability for AEFs (e.g., TTFields) to disrupt the formation and segregation of the mitotic spindle in actively dividing cells. Though this standard mechanism explains a large part of TTFields' action, it is by no means complete. The standard theory does not account for exogenously applied AEFs' influence directly upon DNA nor upon their capacity to alter the functionality and permeability of cancer cell membranes. This review summarizes the current literature to provide a more comprehensive understanding of AEFs' actions on cell membranes. It gives an overview of three mechanistic models that may explain the more recent observations into AEFs' effects: the voltage-gated ion channel, bioelectrorheological, and electroporation models. Inconsistencies were noted in both effective frequency range and field strength between TTFields versus all three proposed models. We addressed these discrepancies through theoretical investigations into the inhomogeneities of electric fields on cellular membranes as a function of disease state, external microenvironment, and tissue or cellular organization. Lastly, future experimental strategies to validate these findings are outlined. Clinical benefits are inevitably forthcoming.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b41bfe03bcd0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cobalt and ruthenium complexes with pyrimidine based schiff base: Synthesis, characterization, anticancer activities and electrochemotherapy efficiency", "authors": "Alkış et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Journal of Molecular Structure", "doi": "10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129402", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "In this study, a new Schiff base ligand and its two M(II) complexes [CoCl·L(H2 O)2 ]·2H2 O, [RuCl(pcymene)L] were synthesized. The structural features were confirmed from their micro analytical, IR, UV– Vis., 1 H–13 C NMR, TGA, X-ray diffraction analysis, mass spectral data and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eba5826ea5dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Good and the Bad of Cell Membrane Electroporation", "authors": "Balantič et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Acta Chim Slov", "doi": "10.17344/acsi.2021.7198", "pmid": "34918751", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is used to increase the permeability of the cell membrane through high-voltage electric pulses. Nowadays, it is widely used in different areas, such as medicine, biotechnology, and the food industry. Electroporation induces the formation of hydrophilic pores in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, to allow the entry or exit of molecules that cannot otherwise cross this hydrophobic barrier. In this article, we critically review the basic principles of electroporation, along with the advantages and drawbacks of this method. We discuss the effects of electroporation on the key components of biological membranes, as well as the main applications of this procedure in medicine, such as electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, and tissue ablation. Finally, we define the most relevant challenges of this promising area of research.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9376ab3d79e3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Deep-Seated Tumors: State of Art and Perspectives as Possible \"EPR Effect Enhancer\" to Improve Cancer Nanomedicine Efficacy", "authors": "Bonferoni et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13174437", "pmid": "34503247", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Surgical resection is the gold standard for the treatment of many kinds of tumor, but its success depends on the early diagnosis and the absence of metastases. However, many deep-seated tumors (liver, pancreas, for example) are often unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Chemotherapies and radiotherapies are a second line for cancer treatment. The \"enhanced permeability and retention\" (EPR) effect is believed to play a fundamental role in the passive uptake of drug-loaded nanocarriers, for example polymeric nanoparticles, in deep-seated tumors. However, criticisms of the EPR effect were recently raised, particularly in advanced human cancers: obstructed blood vessels and suppressed blood flow determine a heterogeneity of the EPR effect, with negative consequences on nanocarrier accumulation, retention, and intratumoral distribution. Therefore, to improve the nanomedicine uptake, there is a strong need for \"EPR enhancers\". Electrochemotherapy represents an important tool for the treatment of deep-seated tumors, usually combined with the systemic (intravenous) administration of anticancer drugs, such as bleomycin or cisplatin. A possible new strategy, worthy of investigation, could be the use of this technique as an \"EPR enhancer\" of a target tumor, combined with the intratumoral administration of drug-loaded nanoparticles. This is a general overview of the rational basis for which EP could be envisaged as an \"EPR enhancer\" in nanomedicine.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0bef59b29811", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Use of electrochemotherapy in a combined surgical treatment of local recurrence of rectal cancer", "authors": "Caprino et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Surg Case Rep", "doi": "10.1093/jscr/rjab403", "pmid": "34594489", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Recurrence of rectal cancer (RRC) affects up to one-third of patients. The survival is strictly dependent on the possibility of performing surgery without microscopic tumor residues (R0). Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is based on the effect that electric pulsations have on increasing the permeability of the cell membrane…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-335ace2acb86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bleomycin administered by laser-assisted drug delivery or intradermal needle-injection results in distinct biodistribution patterns in skin: in vivo investigations with mass spectrometry imaging", "authors": "Hendel et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Drug Deliv", "doi": "10.1080/10717544.2021.1933649", "pmid": "34121567", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin (BLM) is being repositioned in dermato-oncology for intralesional and intra-tumoural use. Although conventionally administered by local needle injections (NIs), ablative fractional lasers (AFLs) can facilitate topical BLM delivery. Adding local electroporation (EP) can augment intracellular uptake in the target tissue. Here, we characterize and compare BLM biodistribution patterns, cutaneous pharmacokinetic profiles, and tolerability in an in vivo pig model following fractional laser-assisted topical drug delivery and intradermal NI, with and without subsequent EP. In vivo pig skin was treated with AFL and topical BLM or NI with BLM, alone or with additional EP, and followed for 1, 2 and 4 h and eventually up to 9 d. BLM biodistribution was assessed by spatiotemporal mass spectrometry imaging. Cutaneous pharmacokinetics were assessed by mass spectrometry quantification and temporal imaging. Tolerability was evaluated by local skin reactions (LSRs) and skin integrity measurements. AFL and NI resulted in distinct BLM biodistributions: AFL resulted in a horizontal belt-shaped BLM distribution along the skin surface, and NI resulted in BLM radiating from the injection site. Cutaneous pharmacokinetic analyses and temporal imaging showed a substantial reduction in BLM concentration within the first few hours following administration. LSRs were tolerable overall, and all interventions permitted almost complete recovery of skin integrity within 9 d. In conclusion, AFL and NI result in distinct cutaneous biodistribution patterns and pharmacokinetic profiles for BLM applied to in vivo skin. Evaluation of LSRs showed that both methods were similarly tolerable, and each method has potential for individualized approaches in a clinical setting.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9242caa7b448", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Intracellular Delivery", "authors": "Hur et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Adv Sci (Weinh)", "doi": "10.1002/advs.202004595", "pmid": "34096197", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Innate cell function can be artificially engineered and reprogrammed by introducing biomolecules, such as DNAs, RNAs, plasmid DNAs, proteins, or nanomaterials, into the cytosol or nucleus. This process of delivering exogenous cargos into living cells is referred to as intracellular delivery. For instance, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 gene editing begins with internalizing Cas9 protein and guide RNA into cells, and chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells are prepared by delivering CAR genes into T lymphocytes for cancer immunotherapies. To deliver external biomolecules into cells, tools, including viral vectors, and electroporation have been traditionally used; however, they are suboptimal for achieving high levels of intracellular delivery while preserving cell viability, phenotype, and function. Notably, as emerging solutions, microfluidic and nanofluidic approaches have shown remarkable potential for addressing this open challenge. This review provides an overview of recent advances in microfluidic and nanofluidic intracellular delivery strategies and discusses new opportunities and challenges for clinical applications. Furthermore, key considerations for future efforts to develop microfluidics- and nanofluidics-enabled next-generation intracellular delivery platforms are outlined.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-18af94b391ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Peculiarities of Neurostimulation by Intense Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields: How to Avoid Firing in Peripheral Nerve Fibers", "authors": "Kim et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms22137051", "pmid": "34208945", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Intense pulsed electric fields (PEF) are a novel modality for the efficient and targeted ablation of tumors by electroporation. The major adverse side effects of PEF therapies are strong involuntary muscle contractions and pain. Nanosecond-range PEF (nsPEF) are less efficient at neurostimulation and can be employed to minimize such side effects. We quantified the impact of the electrode configuration, PEF strength (up to 20 kV/cm), repetition rate (up to 3 MHz), bi- and triphasic pulse shapes, and pulse duration (down to 10 ns) on eliciting compound action potentials (CAPs) in nerve fibers. The excitation thresholds for single unipolar but not bipolar stimuli followed the classic strength-duration dependence. The addition of the opposite polarity phase for nsPEF increased the excitation threshold, with symmetrical bipolar nsPEF being the least efficient. Stimulation by nsPEF bursts decreased the excitation threshold as a power function above a critical duty cycle of 0.1%. The threshold reduction was much weaker for symmetrical bipolar nsPEF. Supramaximal stimulation by high-rate nsPEF bursts elicited only a single CAP as long as the burst duration did not exceed the nerve refractory period. Such brief bursts of bipolar nsPEF could be the best choice to minimize neuromuscular stimulation in ablation therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7c553974fa37", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "To Close or to Collapse The Role of Charges on Membrane Stability upon Pore Formation", "authors": "Lira et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Adv Sci (Weinh)", "doi": "10.1002/advs.202004068", "pmid": "34105299", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Resealing of membrane pores is crucial for cell survival. Membrane surface charge and medium composition are studied as defining regulators of membrane stability. Pores are generated by electric field or detergents. Giant vesicles composed of zwitterionic and negatively charged lipids mixed at varying ratios are subjected to a strong electric pulse. Interestingly, charged vesicles appear prone to catastrophic collapse transforming them into tubular structures. The spectrum of destabilization responses includes the generation of long-living submicroscopic pores and partial vesicle bursting. The origin of these phenomena is related to the membrane edge tension, which governs pore closure. This edge tension significantly decreases as a function of the fraction of charged lipids. Destabilization of charged vesicles upon pore formation is universal-it is also observed with other poration stimuli. Disruption propensity is enhanced for membranes made of lipids with higher degree of unsaturation. It can be reversed by screening membrane charge in the presence of calcium ions. The observed findings in light of theories of stability and curvature generation are interpreted and mechanisms acting in cells to prevent total membrane collapse upon poration are discussed. Enhanced membrane stability is crucial for the success of electroporation-based technologies for cancer treatment and gene transfer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-92a939326271", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Computer optimization of conductive gels for electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Lopes et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Med Eng Phys", "doi": "10.1016/j.medengphy.2021.10.011", "pmid": "34848032", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) requires covering the entire tumor and safe margins with a suitable pulsed electric field (PEF). The PEF distribution depends on the biological and electrical parameters. The biological tissue may have diffractive geometry with non-linear conductivity behavior due to electroporation. That…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6a2bfb8faf9a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Rapid Impedance Spectroscopy for Monitoring Tissue Impedance, Temperature, and Treatment Outcome During Electroporation-Based Therapies", "authors": "Lorenzo et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2020.3036535", "pmid": "33156779", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: Electroporation-based therapies (EBTs) employ high voltage pulsed electric fields (PEFs) to permeabilize tumor tissue; this results in changes in electrical properties detectable using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Currently, commercial potentiostats for EIS are limited by impedance spectrum…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-68f35002f0f8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The investigation of Pulse-Modulated GSM-900 MHz electromagnetic field effects on the electrochemotherapy mechanisms in vivo", "authors": "Mansourian et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.1080/15368378.2021.2006689", "pmid": "34839760", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a tumor treatment modality is approved for cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of 900 MHz radiofrequency (RF) pulse-modulated by 217 Hz EMFs similar to those emitted by mobile phones on the mechanisms of ECT in vivo including: tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d8139b95a18c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "OpenEP an open-source simulator for electroporation-based tumor treatments", "authors": "Marino et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-79858-y", "pmid": "33446750", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP), the increase of cell membrane permeability due to the application of electric pulses, is a universal phenomenon with a broad range of applications. In medicine, some of the foremost EP-based tumor treatments are electrochemotherapy (ECT), irreversible electroporation, and gene electrotransfer (GET). The electroporation phenomenon is explained as the formation of cell membrane pores when a transmembrane cell voltage reaches a threshold value. Predicting the outcome of an EP-based tumor treatment consists of finding the electric field distribution with an electric threshold value covering the tumor (electroporated tissue). Threshold and electroporated tissue are also a function of the number of pulses, constituting a complex phenomenon requiring mathematical modeling. We present OpenEP, an open-source specific purpose simulator for EP-based tumor treatments, modeling among other variables, threshold, and electroporated tissue variations in time. Distributed under a free/libre user license, OpenEP allows the customization of tissue type; electrode geometry and material; pulse type, intensity, length, and frequency. OpenEP facilitates the prediction of an optimal EP-based protocol, such as ECT or GET, defined as the critical pulse dosage yielding maximum electroporated tissue with minimal damage. OpenEP displays a highly efficient shared memory implementation by taking advantage of parallel resources; this permits a rapid prediction of optimal EP-based treatment efficiency by pulse number tuning.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cb98b9d937e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Ca 2+ roles in electroporation-induced changes of cancer cell physiology: From membrane repair to cell death", "authors": "Navickaitė et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107927", "pmid": "34425390", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "The combination of Ca 2+ ions and electroporation has gained attention as potential alternative to electrochemotherapy. Ca 2+ is an important component of the cell membrane repair system and its presence directly influences the dynamics of the pore cycle after electroporation which can be exploited for cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b37bbd64116a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Evidence of the Bystander Effect after Bleomycin Electrotransfer and Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Ruzgys", "year": 2021, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules26196001", "pmid": "34641546", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "One of current applications of electroporation is electrochemotherapy and electroablation for local cancer treatment. Both of these electroporation modalities share some similarities with radiation therapy, one of which could be the bystander effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of the bystander effect following these electroporation-based treatments. During direct CHO-K1 cell treatment, cells were electroporated using one 100 µs duration square wave electric pulse at 1400 V/cm (for bleomycin electrotransfer) or 2800 V/cm (for irreversible electroporation). To evaluate the bystander effect, the medium was taken from directly treated cells after 24 h incubation and applied on unaffected cells. Six days after the treatment, cell viability and colony sizes were evaluated using the cell colony formation assay. The results showed that the bystander effect after bleomycin electrotransfer had a strong negative impact on cell viability and cell colony size, which decreased to 2.8% and 23.1%, respectively. On the contrary, irreversible electroporation induced a strong positive bystander effect on cell viability, which increased to 149.3%. In conclusion, the results presented may serve as a platform for further analysis of the bystander effect after electroporation-based therapies and may ultimately lead to refined application of these therapies in clinics.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d13c89d2cbf3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Atorvastatin Modulates the Efficacy of Electroporation and Calcium Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Szlasa et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms222011245", "pmid": "34681903", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is influenced by the features of the targeted cell membranes, e.g., the cholesterol content and the surface tension of the membrane. The latter is eventually affected by the organization of actin fibers. Atorvastatin is a statin known to influence both the cholesterol content and the organization of actin. This work analyzes the effects of the latter on the efficacy of electroporation of cancer cells. In addition, herein, electroporation was combined with calcium chloride (CaEP) to assess as well the effects of the statin on the efficacy of electrochemotherapy. Cholesterol-rich cell lines MDA-MB231, DU 145, and A375 underwent (1) 48 h preincubation or (2) direct treatment with 50 nM atorvastatin. We studied the impact of the statin on cholesterol and actin fiber organization and analyzed the cells' membrane permeability. The viability of cells subjected to PEF (pulsed electric field) treatments and CaEP with 5 mM CaCl 2 was examined. Finally, to assess the safety of the therapy, we analyzed the N-and E-cadherin localization using confocal laser microscopy. The results of our investigation revealed that depending on the cell line, atorvastatin preincubation decreases the total cholesterol in the steroidogenic cells and induces reorganization of actin nearby the cell membrane. Under low voltage PEFs, actin reorganization is responsible for the increase in the electroporation threshold. However, when subject to high voltage PEF, the lipid composition of the cell membrane becomes the regulatory factor. Namely, preincubation with atorvastatin reduces the cytotoxic effect of low voltage pulses and enhances the cytotoxicity and cellular changes induced by high voltage pulses. The study confirms that the surface tension regulates of membrane permeability under low voltage PEF treatment. Accordingly, to reduce the unfavorable effects of preincubation with atorvastatin, electroporation of steroidogenic cells should be performed at high voltage and combined with a calcium supply.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b037a725a07f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Evaluation of electrochemotherapy in the management of apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinomas in dogs: A retrospective study", "authors": "Valenti et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.4314/ovj.v11i1.15", "pmid": "33898290", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines the administration of anticancer drugs with the delivery of electric pulses, thus increasing the drug uptake through the cell membranes, resulting in increased efficacy. Aim: The aim of our study was to describe the tolerability and efficacy of ECT alone or in association…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b911f06ca94", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Role of Endocytosis Pathways in Electropermeablization of MCF7 Cells Using Low Voltage and High Frequency Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Yadegari-Dehkordi et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cell J", "doi": "10.22074/cellj.2021.7203", "pmid": "34455720", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Objective: The cell membrane is a major barrier for delivery of hydrophilic drugs and molecules into the cells. Although low voltage and high frequency electric fields (LVHF) are proposed to overcome the cell membrane barrier, the mechanism of membrane permeabilization is unclear. The aim of study is to investigate endocytosis pathways as a possible mechanism for enhancing uptake of bleomycin by LVHF. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, MCF-7 cells were exposed to bleomycin or to electric fields with various strengths (10-80 V/cm), frequency of 5 kHz, 4000 electric pulse and 100 μs duration in the presence and absence of three endocytosis inhibitors-chlorpromazine (Cpz), amiloride (Amilo) and genistein (Geni). We determined the efficiency of these chemotherapeutic agents in each group. Results: LVHF, depending on the intensity, induced different endocytosis pathways. Electric field strengths of 10 and 20 V/cm stimulated the macropinocytosis route. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was observed at electric field intensities of 10, 30, 60 and 70 V/cm, whereas induction of caveolae-mediated endocytosis was observed only at the lowest electric field intensity (10 V/cm). Conclusion: The results of this study imply that LVHF can induce different endocytosis pathways in MCF-7 cells, which leads to an increase in bleomycin uptake.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ff6ff221f8a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mutational burden, MHC-I expression and immune infiltration as limiting factors for in situ vaccination by TNFα and IL-12 gene electrotransfer", "authors": "Kamensek et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107831", "pmid": "33991775", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "In situ vaccination is a promising immunotherapeutic approach, where various local ablative therapies are used to induce an immune response against tumor antigens that are released from the therapy-killed tumor cells. We recently proposed using intratumoral gene electrotransfer for concomitant transfection of a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a14f153fb78b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Non-Clinical In Vitro Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Gene-Free Plasmids Encoding Human or Murine IL-12 Intended for First-in-Human Clinical Study", "authors": "Kos", "year": 2021, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics13101739", "pmid": "34684032", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a key cytokine that mediates antitumor activity of immune cells. To fulfill its clinical potential, the development is focused on localized delivery systems, such as gene electrotransfer, which can provide localized delivery of IL-12 to the tumor microenvironment. Gene electrotransfer of the plasmid encoding human IL-12 is already in clinical trials in USA, demonstrating positive results in the treatment of melanoma patients. To comply with EU regulatory requirements for clinical application, which recommend the use of antibiotic resistance gene-free plasmids, we constructed and developed the production process for the clinical grade quality antibiotic resistance gene-free plasmid encoding human IL-12 (p21-hIL-12-ORT) and its ortholog encoding murine IL-12 (p21-mIL-12-ORT). To demonstrate the suitability of the p21-hIL-12-ORT or p21-mIL-12-ORT plasmid for the first-in-human clinical trial, the biological activity of the expressed transgene, its level of expression and plasmid copy number were determined in vitro in the human squamous cell carcinoma cell line FaDu and the murine colon carcinoma cell line CT26. The results of the non-clinical evaluation in vitro set the basis for further in vivo testing and evaluation of antitumor activity of therapeutic molecules in murine models as well as provide crucial data for further clinical trials of the constructed antibiotic resistance gene-free plasmid in humans.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-514e850b9536", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Clinical Applications and Immunological Aspects of Electroporation-Based Therapies", "authors": "Luz et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines9070727", "pmid": "34358144", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Reversible electropermeabilization (RE) is an ultrastructural phenomenon that transiently increases the permeability of the cell membrane upon application of electrical pulses. The technique was described in 1972 by Neumann and Rosenheck and is currently used in a variety of applications, from medicine to food processing. In oncology, RE is applied for the intracellular transport of chemotherapeutic drugs as well as the delivery of genetic material in gene therapies and vaccinations. This review summarizes the physical changes of the membrane, the particularities of bleomycin, and the immunological aspects involved in electrochemotherapy and gene electrotransfer, two important EP-based cancer therapies in human and veterinary oncology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4f56b1fb9b28", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Potentiation of electrochemotherapy effectiveness by immunostimulation with IL-12 gene electrotransfer in mice is dependent on tumor immune status", "authors": "Ursic et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.009", "pmid": "33705828", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) exhibits high therapeutic effectiveness in the clinic, achieving up to 80% local tumor control but without a systemic (abscopal) effect. Therefore, we designed a combination therapy consisting of ECT via intratumoral application of bleomycin, oxaliplatin or cisplatin with peritumoral gene…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-94657a5c7e4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation with nanosecond pulses and bleomycin or cisplatin results in efficient cell kill and low metal release from electrodes", "authors": "Vižintin et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107798", "pmid": "33743336", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond electric pulses have several potential advantages in electroporation-based procedures over the conventional micro- and millisecond pulses including low level of heating, reduced electrochemical reactions and reduced muscle contractions making them alluring for use in biomedicine and food industry. The aim…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-797ea833fae1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Micromotor-based localized electroporation and gene transfection of mammalian cells", "authors": "Wu et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A", "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2106353118", "pmid": "34531322", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Herein, we studied localized electroporation and gene transfection of mammalian cells using a metallodielectric hybrid micromotor that is magnetically and electrically powered. Much like nanochannel-based, local electroporation of single cells, the presented micromotor was expected to increase reversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4bffbd4cf709", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bleomycin Concentration in Patients' Plasma and Tumors after Electrochemotherapy. A Study from InspECT Group", "authors": "Groselj et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics13091324", "pmid": "34575400", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The plasma concentration profile of bleomycin in the distribution phase of patients younger than 65 years is needed to determine the suitable time interval for efficient application of electric pulses during electrochemotherapy. Additionally, bleomycin concentrations in the treated tumors for effective tumor response are not known. In this study, the pharmacokinetic profile of bleomycin in the distribution phase in 12 patients younger than 65 years was determined. In 17 patients, the intratumoral bleomycin concentration was determined before the application of electric pulses. In younger patients, the pharmacokinetics of intravenously injected bleomycin demonstrated a faster plasma clearance rate than that in patients older than 65 years. This outcome might indicate that the lowering of the standard bleomycin dose of 15,000 IU/m 2 with intravenous bleomycin injection for electrochemotherapy is not recommended in younger patients. Based on the plasma concentration data gathered, a time interval for electrochemotherapy of 5-15 min after bleomycin injection was determined. The median bleomycin concentration in tumors 8 min after bleomycin injection, at the time of electroporation, was 170 ng/g. Based on collected data, the reduction of the bleomycin dose is not recommended in younger patients; however, a shortened time interval for application of electric pulses in electrochemotherapy to 5-15 min after intravenous bleomycin injection should be considered.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ae187bd43b4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Measurement and Evaluation of Electric Pulse Parameters to Improve Efficacy of Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Malysko et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "2021 13th International Conference on Measurement", "doi": "10.23919/Measurement52780.2021.9446780", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kongre Özeti", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a highly effective method in various fields of application, including cancer treatment, where when combined with drugs (called electrochemotherapy), it improves treatment via permeabilization of cells. In this work, we analyze current and voltage measurements deviation as an indicator of tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-80ec4acc8e10", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cell death due to electroporation - A review", "authors": "Batista Napotnik et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107871", "pmid": "34147013", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Exposure of cells to high voltage electric pulses increases transiently membrane permeability through membrane electroporation. Electroporation can be reversible and is used in gene transfer and enhanced drug delivery but can also lead to cell death. Electroporation resulting in cell death (termed as irreversible electroporation) has been successfully used as a new non-thermal ablation method of soft tissue such as tumours or arrhythmogenic heart tissue. Even though the mechanisms of cell death can influence the outcome of electroporation-based treatments due to use of different electric pulse parameters and conditions, these are not elucidated yet. We review the mechanisms of cell death after electroporation reported in literature, cell injuries that may lead to cell death after electroporation and membrane repair mechanisms involved. The knowledge of membrane repair and cell death mechanisms after cell exposure to electric pulses, targets of electric field in cells need to be identified to optimize existing and develop of new electroporation-based techniques used in medicine, biotechnology, and food technology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4599fdae6fc5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Systematic Review about Imaging and Histopathological Findings for Detecting and Evaluating Electroporation Based Treatments Response", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Int J Environ Res Public Health", "doi": "10.3390/ijerph18115592", "pmid": "34073865", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Imaging methods and the most appropriate criteria to be used for detecting and evaluating response to oncological treatments depend on the pathology and anatomical site to be treated and on the treatment to be performed. This document provides a general overview of the main imaging and histopathological findings of electroporation-based treatments (Electrochemotherapy-ECT and Irreversible electroporation-IRE) compared to thermal approach, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), in deep-seated cancers with a particular attention to pancreatic and liver cancer. Methods: Numerous electronic datasets were examined: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The research covered the years from January 1990 to April 2021. All titles and abstracts were analyzed. The inclusion criteria were the following: studies that report imaging or histopathological findings after ablative thermal and not thermal loco-regional treatments (ECT, IRE, RFA) in deep-seated cancers including pancreatic and liver cancer and articles published in the English language. Exclusion criteria were unavailability of full text and congress abstracts or posters and different topic respect to inclusion criteria. Results: 558 potentially relevant references through electronic searches were identified. A total of 38 articles met the inclusion criteria: 20 studies report imaging findings after RFA or ECT or IRE in pancreatic and liver cancer; 17 studies report histopathological findings after RFA or ECT or IRE; 1 study reports both imaging and histopathological findings after RFA or ECT or IRE. Conclusions: Imaging features are related to the type of therapy administrated, to the timing of re-assessment post therapy and to the imaging technique being used to observe the effects. Histological findings after both ECT and IRE show that the treated area becomes necrotic and encapsulated in fibrous tissue, suggesting that the size of the treated lesion cannot be measured as an endpoint to detect response. Moreover, histology frequently reported signs of apoptosis and reduced vital tissue, implying that imaging criteria, which take into account the viability and not the size of the lesion, are more appropriate to evaluate response to treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d4ed50087668", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Biological factors of the tumour response to electrochemotherapy: Review of the evidence and a research roadmap", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2021.03.229", "pmid": "33726951", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "The beneficial effects of electrochemotherapy (ECT) for superficial tumours and, more recently, deep-seated malignancies in terms of local control and quality of life are widely accepted. However, the variability in responses across histotypes needs to be explored. Currently, patient selection for ECT is based on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-93d61f5f5908", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy treatment safety under parallel needle deflection", "authors": "Andrade et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-06747-x", "pmid": "35177779", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a selective electrical-based cancer treatment. A thriving treatment depends on the local electric field generated by pairs of electrodes. Electrode damage as deflection can directly affect this treatment pillar, the distribution of the electric field. Mechanical deformations such as tip misshaping and needle deflection are reported with needle electrode reusing in veterinary electrochemotherapy. We performed in vitro and in silico experiments to evaluate potential problems with ESOPE type II electrode deflection and potential treatment pitfalls. We also investigated the extent to which the electric currents of the electroporation model can describe deflection failure by comparing in vitro with the in silico model of potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum). The in silico model was also performed with the tumor electroporation model, which is more conductive than the vegetal model. We do not recommend using deflected electrodes. We have found that a deflection of ± 2 mm is unsafe for treatment. Inward deflection can cause dangerous electrical current levels when treating a tumor and cannot be described with the in silico vegetal model. Outward deflection can cause blind spots in the electric field.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-34bab6d33a43", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Defining optimal parameters to maximize the effect of electrochemotherapy on lung cancer cells whilst preserving the integrity of immune cells", "authors": "Bendix et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108257", "pmid": "36116295", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is becoming an established therapy for melanoma and is under investigation for application in additional cancer types. One potential cancer type that may benefit from ECT is lung cancer as lung cancer treatments remain unable to deliver long-lasting treatment responses. Given the importance of the immune system in lung cancer, here we have also examined the impact of ECT on immune populations. The impact of electroporation and ECT on three human lung cancer cell lines (A549, H460, SK-MES 1), one murine cell line (LLC) and murine T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages was examined. The viability, metabolic activity and recovery potential post-treatment of all cell types was determined to evaluate the potential utility of ECT as a lung cancer treatment. Our findings demonstrate that cisplatin at 11 µM would be the suggested drug of choice when using ECT for lung cancer treatment. Our study also shows that T cells are not impacted by any tested condition, whilst dendritic cells and macrophages are significantly negatively impacted by electric field strengths surpassing 800 V/cm in vitro. Therefore, current ECT protocols (using 1000 V/cm in vivo) might need to adapted to improve viability of the immune population, thus improving therapy outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-50af2ba15823", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy An Alternative Strategy for Improving Therapy in Drug-Resistant SOLID Tumors", "authors": "Condello et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14174341", "pmid": "36077875", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the innovative strategies to overcome the multi drug resistance (MDR) that often occurs in cancer. Resistance to anticancer drugs results from a variety of factors, such as genetic or epigenetic changes, an up-regulated outflow of drugs, and various cellular and molecular mechanisms. This technology combines the administration of chemotherapy with the application of electrical pulses, with waveforms capable of increasing drug uptake in a non-toxic and well tolerated mechanical system. ECT is used as a first-line adjuvant therapy in veterinary oncology, where it improves the efficacy of many chemotherapeutic agents by increasing their uptake into cancer cells. The chemotherapeutic agents that have been enhanced by this technique are bleomycin, cisplatin, mitomycin C, and 5-fluorouracil. After their use, a better localized control of the neoplasm has been observed. In humans, the use of ECT was initially limited to local palliative therapy for cutaneous metastases of melanoma, but phase I/II studies are currently ongoing for several histotypes of cancer, with promising results. In this review, we described the preclinical and clinical use of ECT on drug-resistant solid tumors, such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer, gynecological cancer and, finally, colorectal cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-86329a537c63", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Muscle contractions and pain sensation accompanying high-frequency electroporation pulses", "authors": "Cvetkoska et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-12112-9", "pmid": "35577873", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "To minimize neuromuscular electrical stimulation during electroporation-based treatments, the replacement of long monophasic pulses with bursts of biphasic high-frequency pulses in the range of microseconds was suggested in order to reduce muscle contraction and pain sensation due to pulse application. This treatment modality appeared under the term high-frequency electroporation (HF-EP), which can be potentially used for some clinical applications of electroporation such as electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, and tissue ablation. In cardiac tissue ablation, which utilizes irreversible electroporation, the treatment is being established as Pulsed Field Ablation. While the reduction of muscle contractions was confirmed in multiple in vivo studies, the reduction of pain sensation in humans was not confirmed yet, nor was the relationship between muscle contraction and pain sensation investigated. This is the first study in humans examining pain sensation using biphasic high-frequency electroporation pulses. Twenty-five healthy individuals were subjected to electrical stimulation of the tibialis anterior muscle with biphasic high-frequency pulses in the range of few microseconds and both, symmetric and asymmetric interphase and interpulse delays. Our results confirm that biphasic high-frequency pulses with a pulse width of 1 or 2 µs reduce muscle contraction and pain sensation as opposed to currently used longer monophasic pulses. In addition, interphase and interpulse delays play a significant role in reducing the muscle contraction and/or pain sensation. The study shows that the range of the optimal pulse parameters may be increased depending on the prerequisites of the therapy. However, further evaluation of the biphasic pulse protocols presented herein is necessary to confirm the efficiency of the newly proposed HF-EP.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-914e679271c1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Özofagus ve Üst Gastrointestinal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "ozofagus-ve-ust-gi-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Palliative Treatment of Esophageal Cancer Using Calcium Electroporation", "authors": "Egeland", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14215283", "pmid": "36358702", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is a novel cancer therapy wherein high intracellular calcium levels, facilitated by reversible electroporation, trigger tumor necrosis. This study aimed to establish safety with CaEP within esophageal cancer. Patients with non-curable esophageal cancer were included at Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet in 2021 and 2022. In an outpatient setting, calcium gluconate was injected intratumorally followed by reversible electroporation applied with an endoscopic electrode. The primary endpoint was the prevalence of adverse events, followed by palliation of dysphagia. All patients were evaluated with CT and upper endoscopies up to two months after treatment. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04958044). Eight patients were treated. One serious adverse event (anemia, requiring a single blood transfusion) and three adverse events (mild retrosternal pain (two) and oral thrush (one)) were registered. Initially, six patients suffered from dysphagia: two reported dysphagia relief and four reported no change. From the imaging evaluation, one patient had a partial response, three patients had no response, and four patients had progression. Six months after treatment, the patient who responded well was still in good condition and without the need for further oncological treatment. CaEP was conducted in eight patients with only a few side effects. This study opens the way for larger studies evaluating tumor regression and symptom palliation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5f619329e4d7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation and cell killing by milli- to nanosecond pulses and avoiding neuromuscular stimulation in cancer ablation", "authors": "Gudvangen et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-04868-x", "pmid": "35110567", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "Ablation therapies aim at eradication of tumors with minimal impact on surrounding healthy tissues. Conventional pulsed electric field (PEF) treatments cause pain and muscle contractions far beyond the ablation area. The ongoing quest is to identify PEF parameters efficient at ablation but not at stimulation. We measured electroporation and cell killing thresholds for 150 ns-1 ms PEF, uni- and bipolar, delivered in 10- to 300-pulse trains at up to 1 MHz rates. Monolayers of murine colon carcinoma cells exposed to PEF were stained with YO-PRO-1 dye to detect electroporation. In 2-4 h, dead cells were labeled with propidium. Electroporation and cell death thresholds determined by matching the stained areas to the electric field intensity were compared to nerve excitation thresholds (Kim et al. in Int J Mol Sci 22(13):7051, 2021). The minimum fourfold ratio of cell killing and stimulation thresholds was achieved with bipolar nanosecond PEF (nsPEF), a sheer benefit over a 500-fold ratio for conventional 100-µs PEF. Increasing the bipolar nsPEF frequency up to 100 kHz within 10-pulse bursts increased ablation thresholds by < 20%. Restricting such bursts to the refractory period after nerve excitation will minimize the number of neuromuscular reactions while maintaining the ablation efficiency and avoiding heating.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-16aa3b3c88ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Treatment of cervical cancer by electrochemotherapy with bleomycin, cisplatin, and calcium: an in vitro experimental study", "authors": "Gursoy et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Med Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12032-022-01921-7", "pmid": "36527530", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Low-dose chemotherapy in advanced stages of cancer does not give a positive response in treatment. The use of high-dose antineoplastic drugs creates significant side effects. The limiting situation in treatment creates a need for new generation drugs with less side effects and new treatment methods that will enable…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6d0db18fabe8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A fundamental theoretical study on the different effect of electroporation on tumor blood vessels and normal blood vessels", "authors": "Lv et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108010", "pmid": "34902663", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation achieved by the application of pulsed electric field is successfully used for clinical tumor ablation. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE), which are two protocols based on electroporation, have been shown to ablate only tumor cells while preserving the function of normal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f8d7e9eab2ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy: first objective quality assessment of online information on a rising low-invasive procedure, in a constantly aging society", "authors": "Marcasciano et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Eur J Plast Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s00238-021-01921-2", "pmid": "35103035", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-6094a5cbf4c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of Time Delay Between Unipolar Pulses in High Frequency Nano-Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Novickij et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2021.3129176", "pmid": "34797759", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: this work focuses on bleomycin electrochemotherapy using new modality of high repetition frequency unipolar nanosecond pulses. Methods: As a tumor model, Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC1) cell line in C57BL mice (n = 42) was used. Electrochemotherapy was performed with intertumoral injection of bleomycin (50 μL…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8f7335f03cf0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond electrochemotherapy using bleomycin or doxorubicin: Influence of pulse amplitude, duration and burst frequency", "authors": "Radzevičiūtė et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108251", "pmid": "36049422", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a pulsed electric field (PEF) induced phenomenon, which effectiveness varies dependent on pulse parameters. This work focuses on nano-electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and doxorubicin to derive protocols as effective as European Standard Operating Procedures on Electrochemotherapy (ESOPE), which…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bdb53d12b6a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Single Cell Microwave Biosensor for Monitoring Cellular Response to Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Tamra et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2022.3170267", "pmid": "35471894", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This paper presents a 40 GHz microwave biosensor used to monitor and characterize single cells (THP-1) subjected to electrochemotherapy and obtain an electronic signature of the treatment efficiency. This biosensor proposes a non-destructive and label-free technique that first allows, with the rapid measurement of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8e7b5bbb3cb0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In-silico study about the influence of electroporation parameters on the chemotherapeutic drug transport in cancer tissues using the meshless method of approximate particular solutions", "authors": "Vélez Salazar et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Computers & Mathematics with Applications", "doi": "10.1016/j.camwa.2022.08.034", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation has become an important technique in cancer treatment to induce the drug internalization into cells by applying controlled electric pulses. In the present work, the simulation of transport of two chemotherapeutic drugs (doxorubicin and cisplatin) in electroporated cancerous tissues is carried out using…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9d9fa3244f5a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers", "authors": "Watanabe et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Sensors (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/s22072494", "pmid": "35408109", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Membrane permeabilization stimulated by high-voltage electric pulses has been used to deliver cell-impermeable exogenous molecules. The electric field effect on the cells depends on various experimental parameters, such as electric field strength, the number of electric pulses, and the electroporation medium. In this study, we show the influence of the electroporation medium on membrane permeabilization stimulated by electrical short-circuiting via an aqueous droplet in dielectric oil, a novel methodology developed by our previous investigations. We investigated the membrane permeabilization by three methods, influx of calcium ions, uptake of nucleic acid-binding fluorophores (YO-PRO-1), and calcein leakage. We demonstrated that the external medium conductivity had a significant impact on the cells in all described experiments. The short-circuiting using a low-conductivity electroporation medium enhanced the formation of both transient and irreversible membrane pores. We also found that clathrin-mediated endocytosis contributed to YO-PRO-1 uptake when a cell culture medium was used as an electroporation medium.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c9d810806a48", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation, electrochemotherapy and electro-assisted drug delivery in cancer. A state-of-the-art review", "authors": "Tsoneva et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Biophys Chem", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106819", "pmid": "35605496", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This review focuses on electrochemotherapy that consists in the delivery of anti-cancer drugs using high-voltage electrical pulses. Technical issues, choice of drugs, and protocol of drug delivery are still under investigation and no consensus has been achieved yet. The different aspects of electrochemotherapy are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a7d78ee1ba43", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-Frequency Nanosecond Bleomycin Electrochemotherapy and its Effects on Changes in the Immune System and Survival", "authors": "Balevičiūtė et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14246254", "pmid": "36551739", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "In this work, a time-dependent and time-independent study on bleomycin-based high-frequency nsECT (3.5 kV/cm × 200 pulses) for the elimination of LLC1 tumours in C57BL/6J mice is performed. We show the efficiency of nsECT (200 ns and 700 ns delivered at 1 kHz and 1 MHz) for the elimination of tumours in mice and increase of their survival. The dynamics of the immunomodulatory effects were observed after electrochemotherapy by investigating immune cell populations and antitumour antibodies at different timepoints after the treatment. ECT treatment resulted in an increased percentage of CD4 + T, splenic memory B and tumour-associated dendritic cell subsets. Moreover, increased levels of antitumour IgG antibodies after ECT treatment were detected. Based on the time-dependent study results, nsECT treatment upregulated PD 1 expression on splenic CD4 + Tr1 cells, increased the expansion of splenic CD8 + T, CD4 + CD8 + T, plasma cells and the proportion of tumour-associated pro inflammatory macrophages. The Lin - population of immune cells that was increased in the spleens and tumour after nsECT was identified. It was shown that nsECT prolonged survival of the treated mice and induced significant changes in the immune system, which shows a promising alliance of nanosecond electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2fafceb4a6c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and immune interactions; A boost to the system", "authors": "Bendix et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2022.05.023", "pmid": "35667946", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), the application of an electric impulse to deliver chemotherapy drugs into cells, has been in clinical trials since the early 1990s and has been used for a variety of different malignancies including melanoma and sarcoma. A standard operating procedure for the use of ECT in clinical settings has been established since 2006. ECT is very effective in reducing the local tumour burden via T-cell dependent killing of the cancer cells; however abscopal effects are not consistently observed. Currently little is known or understood about how ECT affects the immune cell population within the treated tumour and how these changes could impact the immune response. In this manuscript, we will review the current knowledge on ECT in the context of its interactions with the immune system and discuss how the gained knowledge could be harnessed to develop a potent ECT-immune co-treatment combination (Electroimmunotherapy).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a27f1e7993bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments", "authors": "Das et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Bioeng Biotechnol", "doi": "10.3389/fbioe.2021.795300", "pmid": "35087799", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Immunotherapy is becoming a very common treatment for cancer, using approaches like checkpoint inhibition, T cell transfer therapy, monoclonal antibodies and cancer vaccination. However, these approaches involve high doses of immune therapeutics with problematic side effects. A promising approach to reducing the dose of immunotherapeutic agents given to a cancer patient is to combine it with electrical stimulation, which can act in two ways; it can either modulate the immune system to produce the immune cytokines and agents in the patient's body or it can increase the cellular uptake of these immune agents via electroporation. Electrical stimulation in form of direct current has been shown to reduce tumor sizes in immune-competent mice while having no effect on tumor sizes in immune-deficient mice. Several studies have used nano-pulsed electrical stimulations to activate the immune system and drive it against tumor cells. This approach has been utilized for different types of cancers, like fibrosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, human papillomavirus etc. Another common approach is to combine electrochemotherapy with immune modulation, either by inducing immunogenic cell death or injecting immunostimulants that increase the effectiveness of the treatments. Several therapies utilize electroporation to deliver immunostimulants (like genes encoded with cytokine producing sequences, cancer specific antigens or fragments of anti-tumor toxins) more effectively. Lastly, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve can trigger production and activation of anti-tumor immune cells and immune reactions. Hence, the use of electrical stimulation to modulate the immune system in different ways can be a promising approach to treat cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-78c1dc4fc20c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of Experimental Electrical and Biological Parameters on Gene Transfer by Electroporation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Potočnik et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics14122700", "pmid": "36559197", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The exact mechanisms of nucleic acid (NA) delivery with gene electrotransfer (GET) are still unknown, which represents a limitation for its broader use. Further, not knowing the effects that different experimental electrical and biological parameters have on GET additionally hinders GET optimization, resulting in the majority of research being performed using a trial-and-error approach. To explore the current state of knowledge, we conducted a systematic literature review of GET papers in in vitro conditions and performed meta-analyses of the reported GET efficiency. For now, there is no universal GET strategy that would be appropriate for all experimental aims. Apart from the availability of the required electroporation device and electrodes, the choice of an optimal GET approach depends on parameters such as the electroporation medium; type and origin of cells; and the size, concentration, promoter, and type of the NA to be transfected. Equally important are appropriate controls and the measurement or evaluation of the output pulses to allow a fair and unbiased evaluation of the experimental results. Since many experimental electrical and biological parameters can affect GET, it is important that all used parameters are adequately reported to enable the comparison of results, as well as potentially faster and more efficient experiment planning and optimization.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-59de1641833a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Induction of Bystander and Abscopal Effects after Electroporation-Based Treatments", "authors": "Ruzgys", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14153770", "pmid": "35954434", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based antitumor therapies, including bleomycin electrotransfer, calcium electroporation, and irreversible electroporation, are very effective on directly treated tumors, but have no or low effect on distal nodules. In this study, we aimed to investigate the abscopal effect following calcium electroporation and bleomycin electrotransfer and to find out the effect of the increase of IL-2 serum concentration by muscle transfection. The bystander effect was analyzed in in vitro studies on 4T1tumor cells, while abscopal effect was investigated in an in vivo setting using Balb/c mice bearing 4T1 tumors. ELISA was used to monitor IL-2 serum concentration. We showed that, similarly to cell treatment with bleomycin electrotransfer, the bystander effect occurs also following calcium electroporation and that these effects can be combined. Combination of these treatments also resulted in the enhancement of the abscopal effect in vivo. Since these treatments resulted in an increase of IL-2 serum concentration only in mice bearing one but not two tumors, we increased IL-2 serum concentration by muscle transfection. Although this did not enhance the abscopal effect of combined tumor treatment using calcium electroporation and bleomycin electrotransfer, boosting of IL-2 serum concentration had a significant inhibitory effect on directly treated tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-25a5dd277de0", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The effect of faradaic charge-transfer on permeabilization and cell viability during electroporation", "authors": "Brno University of Technology", "year": 2023, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation utilizes high-intensity voltage pulses to permeabilize the cell membranes, serving as a staple technique across biotechnology and medicine. While the primary mechanism - pore formation due to the electric field - is well-established, a significant discrepancy remains between theoretical models and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "yuksek lisans tezi", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a8cbddbd1957", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Pulsed Electric Fields in Oncology: A Snapshot of Current Clinical Practices and Research Directions from the 4th World Congress of Electroporation", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15133340", "pmid": "37444450", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The 4th World Congress of Electroporation (Copenhagen, 9-13 October 2022) provided a unique opportunity to convene leading experts in pulsed electric fields (PEF). PEF-based therapies harness electric fields to produce therapeutically useful effects on cancers and represent a valuable option for a variety of patients. As such, irreversible electroporation (IRE), gene electrotransfer (GET), electrochemotherapy (ECT), calcium electroporation (Ca-EP), and tumour-treating fields (TTF) are on the rise. Still, their full therapeutic potential remains underappreciated, and the field faces fragmentation, as shown by parallel maturation and differences in the stages of development and regulatory approval worldwide. This narrative review provides a glimpse of PEF-based techniques, including key mechanisms, clinical indications, and advances in therapy; finally, it offers insights into current research directions. By highlighting a common ground, the authors aim to break silos, strengthen cross-functional collaboration, and pave the way to novel possibilities for intervention. Intriguingly, beyond their peculiar mechanism of action, PEF-based therapies share technical interconnections and multifaceted biological effects (e.g., vascular, immunological) worth exploiting in combinatorial strategies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f69db1c4cc68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Özofagus ve Üst Gastrointestinal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "ozofagus-ve-ust-gi-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium electroporation of esophageal cancer induces gene expression changes: a sub-study of a phase I clinical trial", "authors": "Egeland", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Cancer Res Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s00432-023-05357-y", "pmid": "37688629", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: In this study, we aim to investigate gene expression changes in tumor samples obtained from patients with esophageal cancer treated with calcium electroporation. Previously, local treatment with calcium electroporation has been shown to induce gene expression alterations, potentially contributing to a more tumor-hostile microenvironment. Methods: In this sub-study of a phase I clinical trial, we included five patients with esophageal cancer treated with calcium electroporation. We compared cancer-associated gene expression patterns in tumor samples before and after treatment. Furthermore, we used linear support vector regression to predict the cellular composition of tumor samples. Results: Using differential expression analysis, we identified the downregulation of CXCL14 and upregulation of CCL21, ANGPTL4, and CRABP2 genes. We also found a decreased predicted proportion of dendritic cells while the proportion of neutrophils was increased. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that calcium electroporation for esophageal cancer induces local transcriptional changes and possibly alters the cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment. The results are explorative, larger studies are needed to confirm and further correlate our findings with clinical outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f25f21e53f3c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combination of Electrochemotherapy with Radiotherapy: A Comprehensive, Systematic, PRISMA-Compliant Review of Efficacy and Potential Radiosensitizing Effects in Tumor Control", "authors": "Ferioli et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol30110719", "pmid": "37999139", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Radiotherapy (RT) and electrochemotherapy (ECT) are established local treatments for cancer. While effective, both therapies have limitations, especially in treating bulky and poorly oxygenated tumors. ECT has emerged as a promising palliative treatment, raising interest in exploring its combination with RT to enhance tumor response. However, the potential benefits and challenges of combining these treatments remain unclear. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane libraries were searched. Studies were screened and selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ten studies were included, comprising in vitro and in vivo experiments. Different tumor types were treated with ECT alone or in combination with RT. ECT plus RT demonstrated superior tumor response compared to that under single therapies or other combinations, regardless of the cytotoxic agent and RT dose. However, no study demonstrated a clear superadditive effect in cell survival curves, suggesting inconclusive evidence of specific ECT-induced radiosensitization. Toxicity data were limited. In conclusion, the combination of ECT and RT consistently improved tumor response compared to that with individual therapies, supporting the potential benefit of their combination. However, evidence for a specific ECT-induced radiosensitization effect is currently lacking. Additional investigations are necessary to elucidate the potential benefits of this combination therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ef19e111421e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Multiscale modelling of fluid transport in vascular tumours subjected to electrophoresis anti-cancer therapies", "authors": "Fülöp et al", "year": 2023, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3252285/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrophoresis facilitated cancer treatment has demonstrated experimental efficacy in enhancing drug delivery within vascularised tumours. However, the lack of realistic mathematical models with direct measurements in the context of eletrochemotheraphy poses a challenge. We investigate the impact of an applied electric potential on the flow of Darcian-type fluid occurring in two distinct phases: the tumour and healthy regions. We employ the asymptotic homogenisation technique, assuming that the macroscale of the tumour domain is larger than the microscale characterised by vessel heterogenities. We retain information about the microstructure by encoding information in the homogenised coefficients. We take into account both vascularisation and the microscale variations of the leading order and fine scale electric potential. The resulting effective differential problem reads as a Darcy-type system of PDEs, where the flow is driven by an effective source. The novel model can be used to predict the effect of an applied electric field on cancerous biological tissues, paving a new way of improving current electrochemotherapy protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e07c43fa4518", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of pulse repetition rate in static electrochemotherapy models", "authors": "Guedert et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108499", "pmid": "37413821", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation alters cell membrane structure and tissue electrical properties by short and intense pulsed electric fields (PEF). Static mathematical models are often used to explain the change in electrical properties of tissues caused by electroporation. Electric pulse repetition rate may play an important role, as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6dec7146e133", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of electrochemotherapy on myogenesis of mouse C2C12 cells in vitro", "authors": "Kranjc Brezar et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108487", "pmid": "37354641", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local ablative therapy for the treatment of different skin and subcutaneous tumors and certain tumors in internal organs. Skeletal muscle represents a major tumor- surrounding tissue, exposed to side effects of ECT. At the cellular level, side-effects of ECT on skeletal muscle and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2e6c657a2c98", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Determination of the Impact of High-Intensity Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on the Release of Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms241914607", "pmid": "37834054", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "High-Intensity Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (HI-PEMF) treatment is an emerging noninvasive and contactless alternative to conventional electroporation, since the electric field inside the tissue is induced remotely by an externally applied pulsed magnetic field. Recently, HI-PEMF has been successfully used in the transfer of plasmid DNA and siRNA in vivo, with no or minimal infiltration of immune cells. In addition to gene electrotransfer, treatment with HI-PEMF has also shown potential for electrochemotherapy, where activation of the immune response contributes to the treatment outcome. The immune response can be triggered by immunogenic cell death that is characterized by the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from damaged or/and dying cells. In this study, the release of the best-known DAMP molecules, i.e., adenosine triphosphate (ATP), calreticulin and high mobility group box 1 protein (HMBG1), after HI-PEMF treatment was investigated in vitro on three different cell lines of different tissue origin and compared with conventional electroporation treatment parameters. We have shown that HI-PEMF by itself does not cause the release of HMGB1 or calreticulin, whereas the release of ATP was detected immediately after HI-PEMF treatment. Our results indicate that HI-PEMF treatment causes no to minimal release of DAMP molecules, which results in minimal/limited activation of the immune response.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0939f063b716", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Dispersive Modeling of Normal and Cancerous Cervical Cell Responses to Nanosecond Electric Fields in Reversible Electroporation Using a Drift-Step Rectifier Diode Generator", "authors": "Kumar et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Micromachines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/mi14122136", "pmid": "38138305", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "This paper creates an approximate three-dimensional model for normal and cancerous cervical cells using image processing and computer-aided design (CAD) tools. The model is then exposed to low-frequency electric pulses to verify the work with experimental data. The transmembrane potential, pore density, and pore radius evolution are analyzed. This work adds a study of the electrodeformation of cells under an electric field to investigate cytoskeleton integrity. The Maxwell stress tensor is calculated for the dispersive bi-lipid layer plasma membrane. The solid displacement is calculated under electric stress to observe cytoskeleton integrity. After verifying the results with previous experiments, the cells are exposed to a nanosecond pulsed electric field. The nanosecond pulse is applied using a drift-step rectifier diode (DSRD)-based generator circuit. The cells' transmembrane voltage (TMV), pore density, pore radius evolution, displacement of the membrane under electric stress, and strain energy are calculated. A thermal analysis of the cells under a nanosecond pulse is also carried out to prove that it constitutes a non-thermal process. The results showed differences in normal and cancerous cell responses to electric pulses due to changes in morphology and differences in the cells' electrical and mechanical properties. This work is a model-driven microdosimetry method that could be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6fa7060514aa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A simple integrated microfluidic platform for the research of hydrogels containing gradients in cell density induced breast cancer electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Talanta", "doi": "10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123920", "pmid": "36122433", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Cell density is important for tumour metastasis, treatment and prognosis. Characterizing changes in cell density for electrochemotherapy (ECT) can reveal sub-populations in pathological states, and adjust treatment program. In this work, a simple and convenient microfluidic platform was developed to study the effect…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a841d0916339", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Characterization of two distinct immortalized endothelial cell lines, EA.hy926 and HMEC- 1, for in vitro studies: exploring the impact of calcium electroporation, Ca2+ signaling and transcriptomic profiles", "authors": "Lisec et al", "year": 2023, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3579594/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background The vascular endothelium consists of endothelial cells (ECs) with important biological functions, and their impairment is associated with various pathologies. ECs vary based on tissue origin and gene expression, while their functionality depends on calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling. In tumors, disruption of Ca 2+ homeostasis after calcium electroporation (CaEP) has been shown to elicit an enhanced antitumor effect with only a minimal effect on normal tissue. The difference in response to CaEP was observed not only between cancer and normal cells but also between different endothelial cell lines. Although several vascular EC models have been developed, there is a lack of understanding regarding the molecular basis that could help explain different responses between tumor and normal tissue to CaEP. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the effect of CaEP on the established immortalized human endothelial cell lines EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 in terms of the cytoskeleton, Ca 2+ kinetics and differences in gene expression involved in the regulation of Ca 2+ signaling and homeostasis. Methods Optimization of electroporation parameters was performed to achieve the highest permeabilization of EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells with minimal effect on cell survival. Optimized pulse parameters (8 square-wave electric pulses, 1000 V/cm, 100 µs, 1 Hz) were used for CaEP of EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells in the presence of increasing Ca 2+ concentrations (0 mM (control (Ctrl)), 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM and 3 mM CaCl 2 ). The viability of cells after CaEP was determined using the Presto Blue assay, while the effect of CaEP on the cytoskeleton of EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells was determined by immunofluorescence staining of actin filaments (F-actin), microtubules (α-tubulin) and cell‒cell junctions (VE-cadherin). To determine the differences between EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells in the regulation of intracellular free Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ), spectrofluorometric Ca 2+ kinetic measurements were performed in cells preloaded with Fura-2-AM and exposed to ionomycin, thapsigargin, ATP, bradykinin, angiotensin II, acetylcholine, LaCl 3 and GdCl 3 individually or in combination. Molecular differences between EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells were determined through transcriptomic profiling of differentially expressed genes and molecular pathways involved in the regulation of [Ca 2+ ] i and Ca 2+ signaling via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Results In the presence of increasing Ca 2+ concentrations, EA.hy926 cells exhibited higher susceptibility to CaEP with lower survival than HMEC-1 cells. The sensitivity of EA.hy926 cells to a large increase in [Ca 2+ ] i after CaEP exposure was further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining, which showed morphologically altered structures of actin filaments and microtubules as well as cell‒cell junctions. Moreover, significantly lower mean intensities of cytoskeleton structures in treated EA.hy926 cells were observed in a time- and Ca 2+ concentration-dependent manner. Fluorometric Ca 2+ kinetic measurements in EC cells preloaded with Fura-2-AM showed an increase in the fluorescence (F 340 /F 380 ) ratio, indicating a significant rise in [Ca 2+ ] i in EA.hy926 cells compared with HMEC-1 cells after exposure to flow of buffer and agonists of G protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-dependent response, bradykinin and angiotensin II. In HMEC-1 cells, significantly higher changes in [Ca 2+ ] i compared to EA.hy926 cells were observed after exposure to ionomycin, while exposure to thapsigargin, ATP and acetylcholine induced a similar response in both cell lines. ATP without the presence of Ca 2+ induced a significantly higher rise in [Ca 2+ ] i in EA.hy926 cells, suggesting that Ca 2+ influx is mediated by metabotropic P2Y receptors as well as from the ER via activation of ionotropic purinergic P2X receptors. RNA-seq analysis showed a significant difference in the expression of cytoskeleton- and Ca 2+ -related genes between EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells. Among differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to cytoskeleton ICAM2 , MYH3 and PECAM1 were the top three significantly upregulated genes in EA.hy926 cells; however, most genes related to actin filaments, microtubules and VE-cadherin junctions were downregulated in EA.hy926 cells compared with HMEC-1 cells. TRPM6 , CACNG7 , and TRPM2 were found to be the top upregulated genes, while TRPV4 , PIEZO2 and TRPV2 were the top three downregulated Ca 2+ -related genes in EA.hy926 cells compared to HMEC-1 cells. Among genes involved in Ca 2+ influx, the EA.hy926 cell line showed significantly higher expression of ORAI2 , TRPC1 , TRPM2 , CNGA3 and TRPM6 and significantly lower expression of TRPV4 and TRPC4 than HMEC-1 cells. KEGG analysis of the Ca 2+ signaling pathway showed significant upregulation of genes related to Ca 2+ import into the cytoplasm ( ORAI , CACNA1A , IP3R ) and significant downregulation of genes involved in Ca 2+ export from the cytoplasm ( NCX, MCU , and SERCA ) in EA.hy926 cells compared to HMEC-1 cells. Conclusions Our findings show significant differences in the response to CaEP and in the regulation of [Ca 2+ ] i between the vascular endothelial cell lines EA.hy926 and HMEC-1, which are primarily due to their distinct transcriptomic profiles. Compared to HMEC-1 cells, the EA.hy926 cell line is more susceptible and sensitive to changes in [Ca 2+ ] i due to overexpression of Ca 2+ -related genes and inability to alleviate the changes in [Ca 2+ ] i , which was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and Ca 2+ kinetic assays. In addition, our study provides a bioinformatic basis for the selection of the EC model depending on the objective of the research.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-afadd96a87e8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW VOLTAGE ELECTROPORATOR FOR ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY TO ENHANCE PATIENT TREATMENT", "authors": "Odeyemi et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "IRJMETS", "doi": "10.56726/irjmets43557", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is the process of temporarily creating openings in the cell membrane by exposing it to a shortterm electric field.In addition to creating openings in the membrane, electroporation can also alter the cell's cytoskeletal organization and consequently modify its morphological features.Electroporation is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b444df2ac5c9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Enhancement in the Therapeutic Efficacy of In Vivo BNCT Mediated by GB-10 with Electroporation in a Model of Oral Cancer", "authors": "Olaiz et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cells", "doi": "10.3390/cells12091241", "pmid": "37174642", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) combines preferential tumor uptake of 10 B compounds and neutron irradiation. Electroporation induces an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane. We previously demonstrated the optimization of boron biodistribution and microdistribution employing electroporation (EP) and decahydrodecaborate (GB-10) as the boron carrier in a hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if EP could improve tumor control without enhancing the radiotoxicity of BNCT in vivo mediated by GB-10 with EP 10 min after GB-10 administration. Following cancerization, tumor-bearing hamster cheek pouches were treated with GB-10/BNCT or GB-10/BNCT + EP. Irradiations were carried out at the RA-3 Reactor. The tumor response and degree of mucositis in precancerous tissue surrounding tumors were evaluated for one month post-BNCT. The overall tumor response (partial remission (PR) + complete remission (CR)) increased significantly for protocol GB-10/BNCT + EP (92%) vs. GB-10/BNCT (48%). A statistically significant increase in the CR was observed for protocol GB-10/BNCT + EP (46%) vs. GB-10/BNCT (6%). For both protocols, the radiotoxicity (mucositis) was reversible and slight/moderate. Based on these results, we concluded that electroporation improved the therapeutic efficacy of GB-10/BNCT in vivo in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model without increasing the radiotoxicity.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-559624d6b5f8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Current Updates in Bleomycin-Based Electrochemotherapy for Deep-Seated Soft-Tissue Tumors", "authors": "Ottlakan et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Electrochem", "doi": "10.3390/electrochem4020019", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has evolved significantly during the last decade, expanding treatment indications from superficial skin lesions to advanced-stage, deep-seated tumors in hard-to-reach areas. Electrodes have also shown steady technological improvement throughout the years. Besides standard and VEG (variable geometry electrode) electrodes, the introduction of laparoscopic electrodes has brought on a new era in ECT treatment, making the minimally invasive approach a reality. The exact role of ECT in the oncological dashboard is yet to be determined; however, increased tumor response, pain relief, and a low number of adverse events may yield the way for more widespread application of the technique with possible further inclusion of ECT in international oncological guidelines. The aim of this review is to give an overview on the current status of ECT in deep-seated tumor treatment and shed light on its emerging role in local anticancer therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-458e0bc3cdd6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Research frontiers of electroporation-based applications in cancer treatment a bibliometric analysis", "authors": "Qian et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Biomed Tech (Berl)", "doi": "10.1515/bmt-2023-0113", "pmid": "37185096", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Electroporation, the breakdown of the biomembrane induced by external electric fields, has increasingly become a research hotspot for its promising related methods in various kinds of cancers. Content: In this article, we utilized CiteSpace 6.1.R2 to perform a bibliometric analysis on the research…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5b262b015e4c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Calcium Electrochemotherapy for Tumor Eradication and the Potential of High-Frequency Nanosecond Protocols", "authors": "Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Pharmaceuticals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ph16081083", "pmid": "37630998", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is an innovative approach to treating cancer, involving the internalization of supraphysiological amounts of calcium through electroporation, which leads to cell death. CaEP enables the replacement of chemotherapeutics (e.g., bleomycin). Here, we present a standard microsecond (μsCaEP) and novel high-frequency nanosecond protocols for calcium electroporation (nsCaEP) for the elimination of carcinoma tumors in C57BL/6J mice. We show the efficacy of CaEP in eliminating tumors and increasing their survival rates in vivo. The antitumor immune response after the treatment was observed by investigating immune cell populations in tumors, spleens, lymph nodes, and blood, as well as assessing antitumor antibodies. CaEP treatment resulted in an increased percentage of CD4 + and CD8 + central memory T cells and decreased splenic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Moreover, increased levels of antitumor IgG antibodies after CaEP treatment were detected. The experimental results demonstrated that the administration of CaEP led to tumor growth delay, increased survival rates, and stimulated immune response, indicating a potential synergistic relationship between CaEP and immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-93b5ca45ff72", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Negative effects of cancellation during nanosecond range High-Frequency calcium based electrochemotherapy in vitro", "authors": "Rembiałkowska et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Pharm", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123611", "pmid": "37977287", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Drug delivery using nanosecond pulsed electric fields is a new branch of electroporation-based treatments, which potentially can substitute European standard operating procedures for electrochemotherapy. In this work, for the first time, we characterize the effects of ultra-fast repetition frequency (1-2.5 MHz)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c22c8b443c05", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Susceptibility of various human cancer cell lines to nanosecond and microsecond range electrochemotherapy: Feasibility of multi-drug cocktails", "authors": "Rembiałkowska et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Pharm", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123485", "pmid": "37802257", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) involves combining anticancer drugs with electroporation, which is induced by pulsed electric fields (PEFs), while the effects vary in effectiveness based on the specific parameters of the electrical pulses and susceptibility of the cells to a specific drug. In this work, we utilized…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7f8922348307", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond electric pulses are equally effective in electrochemotherapy with cisplatin as microsecond pulses", "authors": "Vizintin et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2023-0049", "pmid": "38038423", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "In Figure 3A, three horizontal bars representing the standard deviation were incorrectly drawn.The corrected figure is shown below.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-018f9cc889", "studyRelation": "correction-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:vizintin", "yil-farki:1", "belge-turu:duzeltme", "ayni-yayinci:10.2478" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd" }, { "id": "ref-bc310c1829ae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Immunogenic Effects and Clinical Applications of Electroporation-Based Treatments", "authors": "De Robertis et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines12010042", "pmid": "38250855", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Immunotherapy can now be regarded as an attractive approach for cancer and infectious disease treatments [...].", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2394eec26734", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "What We Learned about the Feasibility of Gene Electrotransfer for Vaccination on a Model of COVID-19 Vaccine", "authors": "Kamensek", "year": 2023, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics15071981", "pmid": "37514166", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "DNA vaccination is one of the emerging approaches for a wide range of applications, including prophylactic vaccination against infectious diseases and therapeutic vaccination against cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of our previously optimized protocols for gene electrotransfer (GET)-mediated delivery of plasmid DNA into skin and muscle tissues on a model of COVID-19 vaccine. Plasmids encoding the SARS-CoV-2 proteins spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) were used as the antigen source, and a plasmid encoding interleukin 12 (IL-12) was used as an adjuvant. Vaccination was performed in the skin or muscle tissue of C57BL/6J mice on days 0 and 14 (boost). Two weeks after the boost, blood, spleen, and transfected tissues were collected to determine the expression of S, N, IL-12, serum interferon-γ, the induction of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, and cytotoxic T-cells. In accordance with prior in vitro experiments that indicated problems with proper expression of the S protein, vaccination with S did not induce S-specific antibodies, whereas significant induction of N-specific antibodies was detected after vaccination with N. Intramuscular vaccination outperformed skin vaccination and resulted in significant induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Moreover, both boost and adjuvant were found to be redundant for the induction of an immune response. Overall, the study confirmed the feasibility of the GET for DNA vaccination and provided valuable insights into this approach.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3e85c142fdaa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of Electrochemotherapy on Immunologically Important Modifications in Tumor Cells", "authors": "Kesar et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines11050925", "pmid": "37243029", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a clinically acknowledged method that combines the use of anticancer drugs and electrical pulses. Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin (BLM) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in certain settings. However, whether this is ubiquitous over different cancer types and for other clinically relevant chemotherapeutics used with electrochemotherapy is unknown. Here, we evaluated in vitro in the B16-F10, 4T1 and CT26 murine tumor cell lines, the electrochemotherapy triggered changes in the ICD-associated damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs): Calreticulin (CRT), ATP, High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), and four immunologically important cellular markers: MHCI, MHC II, PD-L1 and CD40. The changes in these markers were investigated in time up to 48 h after ECT. We showed that electrochemotherapy with all three tested chemotherapeutics induced ICD-associated DAMPs, but the induced DAMP signature was cell line and chemotherapeutic concentration specific. Similarly, electrochemotherapy with CDDP, OXA or BLM modified the expression of MHC I, MHC II, PD-L1 and CD40. The potential of electrochemotherapy to change their expression was also cell line and chemotherapeutic concentration specific. Our results thus put the electrochemotherapy with clinically relevant chemotherapeutics CDDP, OXA and BLM on the map of ICD inducing therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-29ae61673e47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene Immunotherapy of Colon Carcinoma with IL-2 and IL-12 Using Gene Electrotransfer", "authors": "Komel", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms241612900", "pmid": "37629081", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Gene immunotherapy has become an important approach in the treatment of cancer. One example is the introduction of genes encoding immunostimulatory cytokines, such as interleukin 2 and interleukin 12, which stimulate immune cells in tumours. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of gene electrotransfer of plasmids encoding interleukin 2 and interleukin 12 individually and in combination in the CT26 murine colon carcinoma cell line in mice. In the in vitro experiment, the pulse protocol that resulted in the highest expression of IL-2 and IL-12 mRNA and proteins was used for the in vivo part. In vivo, tumour growth delay and also complete response were observed in the group treated with the plasmid combination. Compared to the control group, the highest levels of various immunostimulatory cytokines and increased immune infiltration were observed in the combination group. Long-term anti-tumour immunity was observed in the combination group after tumour re-challenge. In conclusion, our combination therapy efficiently eradicated CT26 colon carcinoma in mice and also generated strong anti-tumour immune memory.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-00ad9fa30f59", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Expression of GFP and DsRed fluorescent proteins after gene electrotransfer of tumour cells in vitro", "authors": "Komel et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108490", "pmid": "37356264", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Fluorescent reporter genes are widely used to study the transfection of various types of primary cells and cell lines. The aim of our research was to investigate the expression dynamics of GFP and DsRed reporter genes individually and combined after gene electrotransfer of plasmids with two different electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-951c728e9ea5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A linear SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine candidate reduces virus shedding in ferrets", "authors": "Martins et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Arch Virol", "doi": "10.1007/s00705-023-05746-1", "pmid": "36988739", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused more than 760 million cases and over 6.8 million deaths as of March 2023. Vaccination has been the main strategy used to contain the spread of the virus and to prevent hospitalizations…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dc321f5000b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Immunogenic Cell Death in Electroporation-Based Therapies Depends on Pulse Waveform Characteristics", "authors": "Polajžer et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines11061036", "pmid": "37376425", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Traditionally, electroporation-based therapies such as electrochemotherapy (ECT), gene electrotransfer (GET) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) are performed with different but typical pulse durations-100 microseconds and 1-50 milliseconds. However, recent in vitro studies have shown that ECT, GET and IRE can be achieved with virtually any pulse duration (millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond) and pulse type (monopolar, bipolar-HFIRE), although with different efficiency. In electroporation-based therapies, immune response activation can affect treatment outcome, and the possibility of controlling and predicting immune response could improve the treatment. In this study, we investigated if different pulse durations and pulse types cause different or similar activations of the immune system by assessing DAMP release (ATP, HMGB1, calreticulin). Results show that DAMP release can be different when different pulse durations and pulse types are used. Nanosecond pulses seems to be the most immunogenic, as they can induce the release of all three main DAMP molecules-ATP, HMGB1 and calreticulin. The least immunogenic seem to be millisecond pulses, as only ATP release was detected and even that assumingly occurs due to increased permeability of the cell membrane. Overall, it seems that DAMP release and immune response in electroporation-based therapies can be controlled though pulse duration.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-69352f5e7049", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Immunszupprimált betegek multiplex bőrdaganatainak elektrokemoterápiás kezelése", "authors": "Rózsa et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Orv Hetil", "doi": "10.1556/650.2023.32852", "pmid": "37717236", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The risk of cutaneous malignancies is significantly higher in immunosuppressed patients compared to the general population. These high-risk skin tumors tend to be aggressive, multiplex, rapidly growing lesions. It is common to see local recurrence after surgical excision. Multiplex tumors are difficult to treat, especially in the head/neck region. Objective: Amongst the standard treatment options, electrochemotherapy can be a suitable option. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy in immunocompromised patients. Method: In 9 immunosuppressed patients, 118 (average: 13, n = 5-27) non-melanoma skin tumors were treated with electrochemotherapy with intravenous administration of bleomycin, according to the ESOPE criteria. Results: The median follow-up was 15 months. 6 months after the treatment, the objective response rate was 96%. We observed complete response in 88%, partial response in 8% and progressive disease in 2% of the treated lesions. In 2%, the response was not evaluable. Conclusion: In immunocompromised patients, electrochemotherapy is an effective and safe therapeutic option for non-melanoma skin tumors. In order to provide more ideal management for this special sub-group, prevention, multidisciplinary approach and optimized immunosuppressive therapy is essential. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(37): 1462-1468. Bevezetés: A hosszú távon immunszupprimált betegekben a rosszindulatú bőrdaganatok kialakulásának rizikója jóval nagyobb, mint az átlagpopulációban. Ezek a tumorok nagy számban jelentkezhetnek, gyors növekedés és agresszív viselkedés jellemző rájuk. Sebészi kimetszést követően gyakran fordul elő lokális recidíva. A multiplex tumorok sebészi kezelése, különösen a fej-nyak régióban, kihívást jelent. Célkitűzés: Az elektrokemoterápia segítségével egyszerre számos daganat kezelhető. Célul tűztük ki az elektrokemoterápia hatásosságának vizsgálatát immunszupprimált betegekben. Módszer: Klinikánkon 9 immunszupprimált beteg összesen 118 (átlagosan egy betegen 13, n = 5–27) bőrdaganatának elektrokemoterápiás kezelését végeztük el egy alkalommal, intravénás bleomicin adásával az ESOPE-irányelvnek megfelelően. Eredmények: Az átlagos utánkövetési idő 15 hónap volt. A kezelést követően 6 hónappal az objektív tumorválasz 96% volt. A daganatok 88%-a (n = 46) esetén teljes remissziót, 8%-ban (n = 4) parciális remissziót, 2%-ban (n = 1) progresszív betegséget észleltünk, 2%-ban (n = 1) a tumorválasz nem volt megítélhető. Következtetés: Az immunszupprimált betegeken a multiplex nem melanoma bőrdaganatok kezelésére az elektrokemoterápia hatásos és biztonságos terápiának bizonyult. Ennek a betegpopulációnak a jobb ellátása és gondozása érdekében a prevenció, a multidiszciplináris szemléletmód és az immunszuppresszió optimalizálása kiemelten fontos. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(37): 1462–1468.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b3eb72e0a1f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Gene Electrotransfer Efficiency in 2D and 3D Cancer Cell Models Using Different Electroporation Protocols: A Comparative Study", "authors": "de Caro et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics15031004", "pmid": "36986866", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, a method relying on a pulsed electric field to induce transient cell membrane permeabilization, can be used as a non-viral method to transfer genes in vitro and in vivo. Such transfer holds great promise for cancer treatment, as it can induce or replace missing or non-functioning genes. Yet, while efficient in vitro, gene-electrotherapy remains challenging in tumors. To assess the differences of gene electrotransfer in respect to applied pulses in multi-dimensional (2D, 3D) cellular organizations, we herein compared pulsed electric field protocols applicable to electrochemotherapy and gene electrotherapy and different \"High Voltage-Low Voltage\" pulses. Our results show that all protocols can result in efficient permeabilization of 2D- and 3D-grown cells. However, their efficiency for gene delivery varies. The gene-electrotherapy protocol is the most efficient in cell suspensions, with a transfection rate of about 50%. Conversely, despite homogenous permeabilization of the entire 3D structure, none of the tested protocols allowed gene delivery beyond the rims of multicellular spheroids. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of electric field intensity and the occurrence of cell permeabilization, and underline the significance of pulses' duration, impacting plasmids' electrophoretic drag. The latter is sterically hindered in 3D structures and prevents the delivery of genes into spheroids' core.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f9822fce1002", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Influence of electric field, blood velocity, and pharmacokinetics on electrochemotherapy efficiency", "authors": "Vélez Salazar et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.004", "pmid": "37421133", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "The convective delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs in cancerous tissues is directly proportional to the blood perfusion rate, which in turns can be transiently reduced by the application of high-voltage and short-duration electric pulses due to vessel vasoconstriction. However, electric pulses can also increase vessel…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9da34f2ddfb6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tumor location on electroporation therapies by means of multi-electrode structures and machine learning", "authors": "Briz et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108510", "pmid": "37536054", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a phenomenon produced in the cell membrane when it is exposed to high pulsed electric fields that increases its permeability. Among other application fields, this phenomenon can be exploited in a clinical environment for tumor ablation therapies. In this context to achieve optimum results, it is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3e91c582cf0b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "PIRET—A Platform for Treatment Planning in Electroporation-Based Therapies", "authors": "Perera-Bel et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2022.3232038", "pmid": "37015676", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: Tissue electroporation is the basis of several therapies. Electroporation is performed by briefly exposing tissues to high electric fields. It is generally accepted that electroporation is effective where an electric field magnitude threshold is overreached. However, it is difficult to preoperatively…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0de5c1980b41", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation in Cancer Therapy A Simplified Model Derived from the Hodgkin–Huxley Model", "authors": "Bougandoura et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1089/bioe.2023.0045", "pmid": "39372085", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Cancer remains a global health challenge, necessitating effective treatments with fewer side effects. Traditional methods such as chemotherapy and surgery often have complications. Pulsed electric fields and electroporation have emerged as promising approaches to mitigate these challenges. This study presents a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9e92527c33f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanoparticles use magnetoelectricity to target and eradicate cancer cells", "authors": "Bryant et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "bioRxiv", "doi": "10.1101/2024.10.13.618075", "pmid": "39464093", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: This study presents the first in vivo and in vitro evidence of an externally controlled, predictive, MRI-based nanotheranostic agent capable of cancer cell specific targeting and killing via irreversible electroporation (IRE) in solid tumors. The rectangular-prism-shaped magnetoelectric nanoparticle is a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0fa3540a2c0d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation-derived melanoma extracellular particles activate fibroblasts", "authors": "Choromańska et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130723", "pmid": "39426760", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Although the pulse electric field (PEF) has been used in electrochemotherapy (ECT) for many years, the kinetics and profile of extracellular particles (EPs) released as a result of reversible electroporation have yet to be studied. It also needs to be clarified whether and how the profile of released EPs depends on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8cb88e125999", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The Efficacy of Electrochemotherapy with Dacarbazine on Melanoma Cells", "authors": "Coskun et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1089/bioe.2023.0041", "pmid": "39119570", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) involves locally applying electrical pulses to permeabilize cell membranes, using electroporation (EP). This process enhances the uptake of low-permeant chemotherapeutic agents, consequently amplifying their cytotoxic effects. In melanoma treatment, dacarbazine (DTIC) is a cornerstone, but it…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d1c637637e21", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Treatment of Spontaneous Tumors With Algorithmically Controlled Electroporation", "authors": "Fesmire et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2024.3394391", "pmid": "38683704", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To study the safety and efficacy of algorithmically controlled electroporation (ACE) against spontaneous equine melanoma. Methods: A custom temperature sensing coaxial electrode was paired with a high voltage pulse generation system with integrated temperature feedback controls. Computational modeling and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e51dd68aa814", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Characterizing reversible, irreversible, and calcium electroporation to generate a burst-dependent dynamic conductivity curve", "authors": "Jacobs IV et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108580", "pmid": "37788520", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The relationships between burst number, reversible, irreversible, and calcium electroporation have not been comprehensively evaluated in tumor tissue-mimics. Our findings indicate that electroporation effects saturate with a rate constant (τ) of 20 bursts for both conventional and high frequency waveforms (R 2…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d3ee756a6854", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Separating the Bell Curves Will Cardiac Calcium Electroporation Push Collateral Damage Into the Past", "authors": "Johnson", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": "10.22541/au.172708564.48241320/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "This paper explores the innovative approach of cardiac calcium electroporation as a potential advancement in catheter ablation techniques, building upon the historical context of thermal ablation methods. While traditional radiofrequency and cryothermal ablation have significantly improved efficacy and safety, the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9fb7a830ca7a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Characterization of two distinct immortalized endothelial cell lines, EA.hy926 and HMEC-1, for in vitro studies: exploring the impact of calcium electroporation, Ca 2+ signaling and transcriptomic profiles", "authors": "Lisec", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cell Commun Signal", "doi": "10.1186/s12964-024-01503-2", "pmid": "38347539", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Background: Disruption of Ca 2+ homeostasis after calcium electroporation (CaEP) in tumors has been shown to elicit an enhanced antitumor effect with varying impacts on healthy tissue, such as endothelium. Therefore, our study aimed to determine differences in Ca 2+ kinetics and gene expression involved in the regulation of Ca 2+ signaling and homeostasis, as well as effects of CaEP on cytoskeleton and adherens junctions of the established endothelial cell lines EA.hy926 and HMEC-1. Methods: CaEP was performed on EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells with increasing Ca 2+ concentrations. Viability after CaEP was assessed using Presto Blue, while the effect on cytoskeleton and adherens junctions was evaluated via immunofluorescence staining (F-actin, α-tubulin, VE-cadherin). Differences in intracellular Ca 2+ regulation ([Ca 2+ ] i ) were determined with spectrofluorometric measurements using Fura-2-AM, exposing cells to DPBS, ionomycin, thapsigargin, ATP, bradykinin, angiotensin II, acetylcholine, LaCl 3 , and GdCl 3 . Molecular distinctions were identified by analyzing differentially expressed genes and pathways related to the cytoskeleton and Ca 2+ signaling through RNA sequencing. Results: EA.hy926 cells, at increasing Ca 2+ concentrations, displayed higher CaEP susceptibility and lower survival than HMEC-1. Immunofluorescence confirmed CaEP-induced, time- and Ca 2+ -dependent morphological changes in EA.hy926's actin filaments, microtubules, and cell-cell junctions. Spectrofluorometric Ca 2+ kinetics showed higher amplitudes in Ca 2+ responses in EA.hy926 exposed to buffer, G protein coupled receptor agonists, bradykinin, and angiotensin II compared to HMEC-1. HMEC-1 exhibited significantly higher [Ca 2+ ] i changes after ionomycin exposure, while responses to thapsigargin, ATP, and acetylcholine were similar in both cell lines. ATP without extracellular Ca 2+ ions induced a significantly higher [Ca 2+ ] i rise in EA.hy926, suggesting purinergic ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptor activation. RNA-sequencing analysis showed significant differences in cytoskeleton- and Ca 2+ -related gene expression, highlighting upregulation of ORAI2, TRPC1, TRPM2, CNGA3, TRPM6, and downregulation of TRPV4 and TRPC4 in EA.hy926 versus HMEC-1. Moreover, KEGG analysis showed upregulated Ca 2+ import and downregulated export genes in EA.hy926. Conclusions: Our finding show that significant differences in CaEP response and [Ca 2+ ] i regulation exist between EA.hy926 and HMEC-1, which may be attributed to distinct transcriptomic profiles. EA.hy926, compared to HMEC-1, displayed higher susceptibility and sensitivity to [Ca 2+ ] i changes, which may be linked to overexpression of Ca 2+ -related genes and an inability to mitigate changes in [Ca 2+ ] i . The study offers a bioinformatic basis for selecting EC models based on research objectives.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4d4c2b243003", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Novel tetrapolar single-needle electrode for electrochemotherapy in bone cavities: Modeling, design and validation", "authors": "Lopes et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Med Eng Phys", "doi": "10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104120", "pmid": "38508798", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a cancer treatment in which local pulsed electric fields are delivered through electrodes. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on exposing the tumor to a threshold electric field. Electrode geometry plays an important role in the resulting electric field distribution, especially in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-364793a7e675", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Threshold Interphase Delay for Bipolar Pulses to Prevent Cancellation Phenomenon during Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Malyško-Ptašinskė et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25168774", "pmid": "39201461", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based procedures employing nanosecond bipolar pulses are commonly linked to an undesirable phenomenon known as the cancelation effect. The cancellation effect arises when the second pulse partially or completely neutralizes the effects of the first pulse, simultaneously diminishing cells' plasma membrane permeabilization and the overall efficiency of the procedure. Introducing a temporal gap between the positive and negative phases of the bipolar pulses during electroporation procedures may help to overcome the cancellation phenomenon; however, the exact thresholds are not yet known. Therefore, in this work, we have tested the influence of different interphase delay values (from 0 ms to 95 ms) using symmetric bipolar nanoseconds (300 and 500 ns) on cell permeabilization using 10 Hz, 100 Hz, and 1 kHz protocols. As a model mouse hepatoma, the MH-22a cell line was employed. Additionally, we conducted in vitro electrochemotherapy with cisplatin, employing reduced interphase delay values (0 ms and 0.1 ms) at 10 Hz. Cell plasma membrane permeabilization and viability dependence on a variety of bipolar pulsed electric field protocols were characterized. It was shown that it is possible to minimize bipolar cancellation, enabling treatment efficiency comparable to monophasic pulses with identical parameters. At the same time, it was highlighted that bipolar cancellation has a significant influence on permeabilization, while the effects on the outcome of electrochemotherapy are minimal.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3c9991c11889", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Model for Reversible Electroporation to Deliver Drugs into Diseased Tissues", "authors": "Mondal et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-024-00321-4", "pmid": "39133275", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Drug delivery through electroporation could be highly beneficial for the treatment of different types of diseased tissues within the human body. In this work, a mathematical model of reversible tissue electroporation is presented for injecting drug into the diseased cells. The model emphasizes the tissue boundary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d016665cb948", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Calcium electroporation causes ATP depletion in cells and is effective both in microsecond and nanosecond pulse range as a modality of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108574", "pmid": "37738862", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation is a modality of electrochemotherapy (ECT), which is based on intracellular electric field-mediated delivery of cytotoxic doses of calcium into the cells resulting in rapid cell death. In this work, we have developed a CHO-K1 luminescent cell line, which allowed the estimation of cell membrane…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7442239eaedb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Advances in Pharmaceutical Science in Electrochemotherapy A Tribute to Prof. Jolanta Saczko", "authors": "Rembiałkowska et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Pharmaceuticals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ph17121718", "pmid": "39770560", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "This Special Issue is dedicated to the memory of Professor Jolanta Saczko (1964-2023), a remarkable leader whose guidance and dedication were instrumental in advancing electroporation-based research in Poland [...].", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-52fea2edb2c5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reversible electroporation for cancer therapy", "authors": "Shiwani et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Br J Radiol", "doi": "10.1093/bjr/tqae231", "pmid": "39579146", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Reversible electroporation (EP) refers to the use of high-voltage electrical pulses on tissues to increase cell membrane permeability. It allows targeted delivery of high concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents including cisplatin and bleomycin, a process known as electrochemotherapy (ECT). It can also be used to deliver toxic concentrations of calcium and gene therapies that stimulate an anti-tumour immune response. ECT was validated for palliative treatment of cutaneous tumours. Evidence to date shows a mean objective response rate of ∼80% in these patients. Regression of non-treated lesions has also been demonstrated, theorized to be from an in situ vaccination effect. Advances in electrode development have also allowed treatment of deep-seated metastatic lesions and primary tumours, with safety demonstrated in vivo. Calcium EP and combination immunotherapy or immunogene electrotransfer is also feasible, but research is limited. Adverse events of ECT are minimal; however, general anaesthesia is often necessary, and improvements in modelling capabilities and electrode design are required to enable sufficient electrical coverage. International collaboration between preclinical researchers, oncologists, and interventionalists is required to identify the most effective combination therapies, to optimize procedural factors, and to expand use, indications and assessment of reversible EP. Registries with standardized data collection methods may facilitate this.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7548ea090fca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Viral and Non-Viral Systems to Deliver Gene Therapeutics to Clinical Targets", "authors": "Taghdiri et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25137333", "pmid": "39000440", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology has revolutionized the field of gene therapy as it has enabled precise genome editing with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency, paving the way for clinical applications to treat otherwise incurable genetic disorders. Typically, precise genome editing requires the delivery of multiple components to the target cells that, depending on the editing platform used, may include messenger RNA (mRNA), protein complexes, and DNA fragments. For clinical purposes, these have to be efficiently delivered into transplantable cells, such as primary T lymphocytes or hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that are typically sensitive to exogenous substances. This challenge has limited the broad applicability of precise gene therapy applications to those strategies for which efficient delivery methods are available. Electroporation-based methodologies have been generally applied for gene editing applications, but procedure-associated toxicity has represented a major burden. With the advent of novel and less disruptive methodologies to deliver genetic cargo to transplantable cells, it is now possible to safely and efficiently deliver multiple components for precise genome editing, thus expanding the applicability of these strategies. In this review, we describe the different delivery systems available for genome editing components, including viral and non-viral systems, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and recent clinical applications. Recent improvements to these delivery methods to achieve cell specificity represent a critical development that may enable in vivo targeting in the future and will certainly play a pivotal role in the gene therapy field.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-17e391aebc37", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Elektrochemotherapie", "authors": "Universitat des Saarlandes", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "Homburg Saar tip fakultesi doktora tezi", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-0765ee9bdd41", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Comparison of Nucleosome, Ferritin and LDH Levels in Blood with Clinical Response before and after Electrochemotherapy Combined with IL-12 Gene Electrotransfer for the Treatment of Mast Cell Tumours in Dogs", "authors": "Vilfan et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Animals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ani14030438", "pmid": "38338081", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in combination with the gene electrotransfer of interleukin 12 (IL-12 GET) has been successfully used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of mast cell tumours (MCT), but the biomarkers that could predict response to this treatment have not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the plasma nucleosome and serum ferritin concentrations, as well as the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, in the serum of treated patients before and one and six months after treatment to evaluate their utility as potential biomarkers that could predict response to the combined treatment. The study was conducted in 48 patients with a total of 86 MCTs that we treated with the combined treatment. The blood samples used for analysing the potential predictive biomarkers were taken before treatment and one and six months after treatment, when the response to treatment was also assessed. The Nu. Q ® Vet Cancer Test, the Canine Ferritin ELISA Kit, and the RX Daytona+ automated biochemical analyser were used to analyse the blood samples. The results showed that the plasma nucleosome concentration (before treatment (BT): 32.84 ng/mL (median); one month after treatment (1 M AT): 58.89 ng/mL (median); p = 0.010) and serum LDH activity (BT: 59.75 U/L (median); 1 M AT: 107.5 U/L (median); p = 0.012) increased significantly one month after treatment and that the increase correlated significantly with the presence of a more pronounced local reaction (necrosis, swelling, etc.) at that time point for both markers (nucleosome: BT (necrosis): 21.61 ng/mL (median); 1 M AT (necrosis): 69.92 ng/mL (median), p = 0.030; LDH: BT (necrosis): 54.75 U/L (median); 1 M AT (necrosis): 100.3 U/L (median), p = 0.048). Therefore, both the plasma nucleosome concentration and serum LDH activity could serve as early indicators of the effect of the treatment. In this context, the serum ferritin concentration showed no significant predictive potential for treatment response ( p > 0.999 for all comparisons). In conclusion, this study provides some new and important observations on the use of predictive biomarkers in veterinary oncology. Furthermore, it emphasises the need for the continued identification and validation of potential predictive biomarkers in dogs with MCT and other malignancies undergoing ECT treatment in combination with IL-12 GET to ultimately improve treatment outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-884e114ef51a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cisplatin-encapsulated TRAIL-engineered exosomes from human chorion-derived MSCs for targeted cervical cancer therapy", "authors": "Ye et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Stem Cell Res Ther", "doi": "10.1186/s13287-024-04006-6", "pmid": "39497209", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Cisplatin (DDP) is an efficacious and widely applied chemotherapeutic drug for cervical cancer patients who are diagnosed as metastatic and inoperable, or desiring fertility preservation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively triggers cancer cells apoptosis by…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2a260bbcfc17", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Development of 3D melanoma cultures on a hyaluronic acid-based scaffold with synthetic self-assembling peptides: Electroporation enhancement", "authors": "Zamuner et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108624", "pmid": "38104458", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin is an effective antitumor treatment. Still, researchers are investigating new drugs and electroporation conditions to improve its efficacy. To this aim, in vivo assays are accurate but expensive and ethically questionable. Conversely, in vitro assays, although cheaper and straightforward, do not reflect the architecture of the biological tissue because they lack a tridimensional (3D) structure (as in the case of two-dimensional [2D] in vitro assays) or do not include all the extracellular matrix components (as in the case of 3D in vitro scaffolds). To address this issue, 3D in vitro models have been proposed, including spheroids and hydrogel-based cultures, which require a suitable low-conductive medium to allow cell membrane electroporation. In this study, a synthetic scaffold based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and self-assembling peptides (SAPs; EAbuK), condensed with a Laminin-derived adhesive sequence (IKVAV), is proposed as a reliable alternative. We compare SKMEL28 cells cultured in the HA-EAbuK-IKVAV scaffold to the control (HA only scaffold). Three days after seeding, the culture on the HA-EAbuK-IKVAV scaffold showed collagen production. SKMEL28 cells cultured on the HA-EAbuK-IKVAV scaffold started to be electroporated at 400 V/cm, whereas, at the same electric field intensity, those cultured on HA were not. As a reference, 2D experiments showed that electroporation of SKMEL28 cells starts at 600 V/cm using an electroporation buffer and at 800 V/cm in a culture medium, but with very low efficiency (<50 % of cells electroporated). 3D cultures on HA-EAbuK-IKVAV allowed the simulation of a more reliable microenvironment and may represent a valuable tool for studying electroporation conditions. Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to compute the transmembrane potential, we detected the influence of inhomogeneity of the extracellular matrix on electroporation effect. Our 3D cell culture electroporation simulations showed that the transmembrane potential increased when collagen surrounded the cells. Of note, in the collagen-enriched HA-EAbuK-IKVAV scaffold, EP was already improved at lower electric field intensities. This study shows the influence of the extracellular matrix on electric conductivity and electric field distribution on cell membrane electroporation and supports the adoption of more reliable 3D scaffolds in experimental electroporation studies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-578f24e8f063", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Bridging Smart Nanosystems with Clinically Relevant Models and Advanced Imaging for Precision Drug Delivery", "authors": "Zhou et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Adv Sci (Weinh)", "doi": "10.1002/advs.202308659", "pmid": "38282076", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Intracellular delivery of nano-drug-carriers (NDC) to specific cells, diseased regions, or solid tumors has entered the era of precision medicine that requires systematic knowledge of nano-biological interactions from multidisciplinary perspectives. To this end, this review first provides an overview of membrane-disruption methods such as electroporation, sonoporation, photoporation, microfluidic delivery, and microinjection with the merits of high-throughput and enhanced efficiency for in vitro NDC delivery. The impact of NDC characteristics including particle size, shape, charge, hydrophobicity, and elasticity on cellular uptake are elaborated and several types of NDC systems aiming for hierarchical targeting and delivery in vivo are reviewed. Emerging in vitro or ex vivo human/animal-derived pathophysiological models are further explored and highly recommended for use in NDC studies since they might mimic in vivo delivery features and fill the translational gaps from animals to humans. The exploration of modern microscopy techniques for precise nanoparticle (NP) tracking at the cellular, organ, and organismal levels informs the tailored development of NDCs for in vivo application and clinical translation. Overall, the review integrates the latest insights into smart nanosystem engineering, physiological models, imaging-based validation tools, all directed towards enhancing the precise and efficient intracellular delivery of NDCs.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b94f510b0478", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Clinical Insights and Future Prospects: A Comprehensive Narrative Review on Immunomodulation Induced by Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Ferioli et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol31100478", "pmid": "39451782", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an emerging therapeutic approach gaining growing interest for its potential immunomodulatory effects in cancer treatment. This narrative review systematically examines the current state of knowledge regarding the interplay between ECT and the immune system. Through an analysis of preclinical and clinical studies, the review highlights ECT capacity to induce immunogenic cell death, activate dendritic cells, release tumor antigens, trigger inflammatory responses, and occasionally manifest systemic effects-the abscopal phenomenon. These mechanisms collectively suggest the ECT potential to influence both local tumor control and immune responses. While implications for clinical practice appear promising, warranting the consideration of ECT as a complementary treatment to immunotherapy, the evidence remains preliminary. Consequently, further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, optimize treatment protocols, explore potential synergies, and decipher the parameters influencing the abscopal effect. As the field advances, the integration of ECT's potential immunomodulatory aspects into clinical practice will need careful evaluation and collaboration among clinical practitioners, researchers, and policymakers.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c57926fa39a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy combined with immunotherapy - a promising potential in the treatment of cancer", "authors": "Hadzialjevic et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2023.1336866", "pmid": "38292489", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a novel, locoregional therapy that is used to treat cutaneous and deep-seated tumors. The electric pulses used in electrochemotherapy increase the permeability of the cell membranes of the target lesion and thus enhance the delivery of low-permeant cytotoxic drugs to the cells, leading to their death. It has also been postulated that electrochemotherapy acts as an in situ vaccination by inducing immunogenic cell death. This in turn leads to an enhanced systemic antitumor response, which could be further exploited by immunotherapy. However, only a few clinical studies have investigated the role of combined treatment in patients with melanoma, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. In this review, we therefore aim to review the published preclinical evidence on combined treatment and to review clinical studies that have investigated the combined role of electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e1c1c9d6837b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Safety and Efficacy of IL-12 Plasmid DNA Transfection into Pig Skin: Supportive Data for Human Clinical Trials on Gene Therapy and Vaccination", "authors": "Lampreht", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25063151", "pmid": "38542122", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer (GET) of plasmids encoding interleukin 12 (IL-12) has already been used for the treatment of various types of tumors in human oncology and as an adjuvant in DNA vaccines. In recent years, we have developed a plasmid encoding human IL-12 (phIL12) that is currently in a phase I clinical study. The aim was to confirm the results of a non-clinical study in mice on pharmacokinetic characteristics and safety in a porcine model that better resembled human skin. The GET of phIL12 in the skin was performed on nine pigs using different concentrations of plasmid phIL12 and invasive (needle) or noninvasive (plate) types of electrodes. The results of our study demonstrate that the GET of phIL-12 with needle electrodes induced the highest expression of IL-12 at the protein level on day 7 after the procedure. The plasmid was distributed to all tested organs; however, its amount decreased over time and was at a minimum 28 days after GET. Based on plasmid copy number and expression results, together with blood analysis, we showed that IL-12 GET is safe in a porcine animal model. Furthermore, we demonstrated that pigs are a valuable model for human gene therapy safety studies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2e3bc1b64648", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Enhancing In Vivo Electroporation Efficiency through Hyaluronidase: Insights into Plasmid Distribution and Optimization Strategies", "authors": "Maji", "year": 2024, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics16040547", "pmid": "38675208", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) stands out as a promising non-viral plasmid delivery strategy, although achieving optimal transfection efficiency in vivo remains a challenge. A noteworthy advancement in the field of in vivo EP is the application of hyaluronidase, an enzyme with the capacity to degrade hyaluronic acid in the extracellular matrix, which thereby enhances DNA transfer efficiency by 2- to 3-fold. This paper focuses on elucidating the mechanism of hyaluronidase's impact on transfection efficiency. We demonstrate that hyaluronidase promotes a more uniform distribution of plasmid DNA (pDNA) within skeletal muscle. Additionally, our study investigates the effect of the timing of hyaluronidase pretreatment on EP efficiency by including time intervals of 0, 5, and 30 min between hyaluronidase treatment and the application of pulses. Serum levels of the pDNA-encoded transgene reveal a minimal influence of the hyaluronidase pretreatment time on the final serum protein levels following delivery in both mice and rabbit models. Leveraging bioimpedance measurements, we capture morphological changes in muscle induced by hyaluronidase treatment, which result in a varied pDNA distribution. Subsequently, these findings are employed to optimize EP electrical parameters following hyaluronidase treatment in animal models. This paper offers novel insights into the potential of hyaluronidase in enhancing the effectiveness of in vivo EP, as well as guides optimized electroporation strategies following hyaluronidase use.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ba8301303610", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Feasibility study for the use of gene electrotransfer and cell electrofusion as a single-step technique for the generation of activated cancer cell vaccines", "authors": "Ušaj et al", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-4283665/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In the search for safe induction of cellular and humoral cancer immunity dendritic cell-based therapies hold great potential. This approach is based on manipulation of dendritic cells to activate immune system against specific cancer antigens. For the development of an effective cell vaccine platform, gene transfer, and cell fusion have been used for modification of dendritic or tumor cells to express immune (co)stimulatory signals and to load dendritic cells with tumor antigens. Both, gene transfer and cell fusion can be achieved by single technique, a cell membrane electroporation. The cell membrane exposed to external electric field becomes temporarily permeable, enabling introduction of genetic material, and also fusogenic, enabling the fusion of cells in the close contact. We tested the feasibility of combining gene electrotransfer and electrofusion into a single-step technique. We evaluated the effects of electroporation buffer, pulse parameters, and cell membrane fluidity on the efficacy of the combined method. We determined the percentage of fused cells expressing green fluorescence protein GFP in a murine cell model of melanoma B16F1, an often-used cell line in pre-clinical studies. Our results suggest that gene electrotransfer and cell electrofusion can be applied in a single procedure. The percentage of viable hybrid cells expressing GFP depends on electric pulse parameters and the composition of the electroporation buffer. Cell membrane fluidity cannot be related to the efficiency of this technique. Further optimization of electric pulse parameters and buffers has to be accomplished before this technique can be used for preparation of effective dendritic cell-based vaccines.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-06530ac6d4", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:usaj", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-745024bfdf70", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Ablative Treatments for Small Renal Masses and Management of Recurrences A Comprehensive Review", "authors": "Aveta", "year": 2024, "journal": "Life (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/life14040450", "pmid": "38672721", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This review focuses on ablative techniques for small renal masses (SRMs), including radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation (CA), microwave ablation (MWA), and irreversible electroporation (IRE), and discusses recurrence management. Through an extensive literature review, we outline the procedures, outcomes, and follow-up strategies associated with each ablative method. The review provides a detailed examination of these techniques-RFA, CA, MWA, and IRE-elucidating their respective outcomes. Recurrence rates vary among them, with RFA and CA showing comparable rates, MWA demonstrating favorable short-term results, and IRE exhibiting promise in experimental stages. For managing recurrences, various strategies are considered, including active surveillance, re-ablation, or salvage surgery. Surveillance is preferred post-RFA and post-CA, due to slow SRM growth, while re-ablation, particularly with RFA and CA, is deemed feasible without additional complications. Salvage surgery emerges as a viable option for larger or resistant tumors. While ablative techniques offer short-term results comparable to surgery, further research is essential to understand their long-term effects fully. Decisions concerning recurrence management should consider individual and tumor-specific factors. Imaging, notably contrast-enhanced ultrasounds, plays a pivotal role in assessing treatment success, emphasizing the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach for optimal outcomes. The lack of randomized trials highlights the need for further research.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9eff46e67dbe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mechanism Analysis of Bubble Discharge Within Silicone Gels Under Pulsed Electric Field", "authors": "He", "year": 2024, "journal": "Gels", "doi": "10.3390/gels10120799", "pmid": "39727557", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Silicone gel, used in the packaging of high-voltage, high-power semiconductor devices, generates bubbles during the packaging process, which accelerates the degradation of its insulation properties. This paper establishes a testing platform for electrical treeing in silicone gel under pulsed electric fields, investigating the effect of pulse voltage amplitude on bubble development and studying the initiation and growth of electrical treeing in a silicone gel with different pulse edge times. The relationship between bubbles and electrical treeing in silicone gel materials is discussed. A two-dimensional plasma simulation model for bubble discharge in silicone gel under pulsed electric fields is developed, analyzing the internal electric field distortion caused by the response times of different ions and electrons. Additionally, the discharge current and its effects on silicone gel under pulsed electric fields are examined. By studying the influence of different pulse edge times, repetition frequencies, and temperatures on discharge current magnitude and ozone generation rates, the impact of electrical breakdown and chemical corrosion on the degradation of organic silicone gel under various operating conditions is analyzed. This study explores the macroscopic and microscopic mechanisms of dielectric performance degradation in organic silicone gel under pulsed electric fields, providing a basis for research on high-performance packaging materials and the development of high-voltage, high-power semiconductor devices.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7d392ceaf0a0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Vacuum-assisted Electrochemotherapy: A Promising Secure Method for Intraoperative Cavity Site Margin Therapy", "authors": "Abadijoo et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sensors and Actuators A: Physical", "doi": "10.1016/j.sna.2025.117016", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-86157555d234", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Özofagus ve Üst Gastrointestinal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "ozofagus-ve-ust-gi-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Endoscopic calcium electroporation in patients with precancerous cellular changes in the esophagus", "authors": "Bazancir et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110290", "pmid": "40592283", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Barrett's esophagus high-grade dysplasia (BE HGD) can transform into esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in 19-28 % of the cases. Calcium electroporation (Ca-EP) is a novel anti-cancer therapy where electrical pulses are combined with a local injection of calcium to increase intracellular calcium levels leading to cell death. Calcium electroporation has shown effect on premalignant conditions, and a relative sparing of normal tissue. Methods: The primary aim of this study was to establish safety with Ca-EP in patients with BE HGD. Six patients with BE HGD scheduled for an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) were treated with Ca-EP six weeks before under general anesthesia in an outpatient setting. All adverse events (AEs) were registered, and patients were evaluated with gastroscopy within one week. Results: AEs included retrosternal pain, throat irritation, coughing, and headache. No serious adverse events were registered. A hyperemic area was seen in four patients directly after Ca-EP. Fibrinous coatings (four patients) and ulcers (four patients) were observed up to one week after treatment. One patient underwent two CTA scans due to pain and a visually large fibrinous clot. CTA showed no sign of perforation. Six weeks after five patients had a partial visual response with new squamous epithelium. However, all patients still had BE HGD. Conclusion: Ca-EP was safe in patients with BE HGD. This study paves the way for more extensive studies to investigate the effect on dysplastic cells and its role in treating esophageal adenocarcinoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-72222b54cb84", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of Bleomycin Hydrolase Expression in Tumor Tissue on the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Bogataj et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers18010127", "pmid": "41514636", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) enhances the intracellular delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, most notably bleomycin, through electroporation. Despite high response rates, tumor sensitivity to ECT varies, highlighting the need for predictive biomarkers. Bleomycin hydrolase (BLMH), an enzyme that metabolically inactivates bleomycin, may influence treatment outcomes. This study investigated the relationship between BLMH expression and bleomycin-based ECT effectiveness. Methods: BLMH expression was evaluated at the mRNA and protein levels in six murine tumor cell lines and their corresponding syngeneic tumors using qPCR, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Correlations between BLMH expression and tumor response to ECT were assessed both in vitro and in vivo. Results: BLMH expression varied significantly among tumor models, without consistent patterns across cancer types. In vitro, BLMH mRNA levels strongly correlated with IC30 values for bleomycin (R = 0.74), while the correlation weakened at IC50 doses, suggesting enzyme saturation. In vivo, BLMH expression levels moderately correlated with complete tumor response rates following ECT (R = 0.50). Differences between in vitro and in vivo expression highlighted the role of the tumor microenvironment. Conclusions: High BLMH expression reduces tumor sensitivity to bleomycin-based ECT, supporting its role as a predictive biomarker. Measuring BLMH levels may help stratify patients and personalize ECT application; however, it is not the sole factor for response prediction. Future studies in clinical tumor samples are warranted to evaluate its predictive value and to develop integrated biomarker models.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-11287c168aae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Özofagus ve Üst Gastrointestinal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "ozofagus-ve-ust-gi-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pioneering Endoscopic Calcium-Electroporation in Gastric Cancer: A Case Series of an Emerging Therapeutic Approach", "authors": "Bonura et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Diseases", "doi": "10.3390/diseases13100340", "pmid": "41149074", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Background/objectives: Gastric cancer often presents at advanced stages with complications such as iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) due to chronic bleeding, representing a significant global health burden. Palliative management of bleeding tumors in frail patients remains challenging. This study evaluates the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of endoscopic calcium-electroporation (Ca-EP), a novel non-thermal ablation technique, for controlling bleeding in end-stage gastric cancer. Methods: Retrospective case series including consecutive patients with end-stage, bleeding gastric cancer and IDA requiring transfusions. Ca-EP was performed using the EndoVE system, which delivers bipolar electrical pulses (250 kHz) to induce reversible electroporation, enabling calcium influx and tumor cell apoptosis. Primary endpoints were clinical success (hemoglobin stabilization/reduced transfusions) and safety. Secondary endpoints included tumor regression, procedural time, and hospital stay. Results: Five patients (median age 81 years) were included. Clinical success was achieved in 80% (4/5) of patients, with reduced transfusion needs and stable hemoglobin levels. One patient required adjunctive hemostatic radiotherapy. No major or minor adverse events were reported, and all patients were discharged within 24 h. Procedural median time was 38 min (range: 22-65). Endoscopic follow-up in three patients showed mild tumor regression or stability. Three patients required repeat Ca-EP sessions due to recurrent bleeding. Conclusions: Endoscopic Ca-EP is a safe, minimally invasive palliative option for bleeding gastric cancer, offering sustained hemostasis and potential antitumor effects without systemic toxicity. Its feasibility in frail patients underscores its clinical relevance, though larger prospective studies are needed to optimize parameters and validate long-term outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cd47828428fa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment strategies with electrochemotherapy for limb in-transit melanoma: Real-world outcomes from a European, retrospective, cohort study", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108740", "pmid": "39448361", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: This study analysed treatment strategies with electrochemotherapy (ECT) in melanoma with limb in-transit metastases (ITM). Methods: We audited AJCC v.8 stage IIIB-IIID patients treated across 22 centres (2006-2020) within the International Network for Sharing Practices of ECT (InspECT). Results: 452…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-92a497962103", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "MEST: Modified electrosclerotherapy to treat AVM (Extracranial Arterio-venous malformations). Better than BEST", "authors": "Colletti et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Craniomaxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jcms.2025.01.004", "pmid": "39855981", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Arteriovenous Malformations (AVM) can present themselves in an ample clinical spectrum. They worsen over time, creating local complications such as ulceration, destruction, infection, pain, and severe bleeding. Small focal AVMs can effectively be cured by surgery and/or endovascular techniques, whereas larger ones are of difficult management. Accordingly, S3 AVMs (according to SECg staging) are particularly troublesome. Here, endovascular treatment is only episodically curative while surgery leads to significant structural and functional damage. Electrochemotherapy is an established means to manage selected neoplasms. Recently it was successfully used to treat sclerotherapy-resistant or extensive low-flow vascular malformations (electrosclerotherapy, EST). EST was only anectodically tried with AVMs. A conventional EST is unlikely to effectively have an AVM responding. We conceived the Modified EST (MEST) protocol and started a pilot study. Modification of conventional EST was done by administering bleomycin locally, under ultrasound guidance, in the tissues around the nidus. After 8 min, electroporation was started and covered the entire involved area. MEST was adopted in 10 patients with S3 AVMs of the cervicofacial region. Most patients received 2 sessions of MEST. The response was significant, and the patients all had a complete or near-complete reduction in the size of the AVM. Excellent aesthetic results were achieved. On follow-up imaging the AVMs were not detectable. Side effects were minor and easily managed. Results were stable. The results of the present study suggest that MEST may be the treatment of choice in selected AVMs. However, a longer follow-up is needed to further evaluate the risk of recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6364b3e824ef", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Is electroporation the key to drug delivery in drug-resistant cancers", "authors": "Kulbacka et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Expert Opin Drug Deliv", "doi": "10.1080/17425247.2025.2471463", "pmid": "39985482", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "1. Drug resistance or even multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer is still one of the greatest challenges in oncological therapy today. Many cancers develop mechanisms to evade conventional treatment...", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-b0b17c430a9c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Thermal Profile of Contact Force Dependent Pulse Field Electroporation Beyond Calcium Electroporation at the Koch Triangle", "authors": "Lu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70013", "pmid": "40674440", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Contact force (CF)-dependent pulse field electroporation (PFE) may generate tissue heating, affecting junctional rhythm at the triangle of Koch (ToK) in a clinical setting. PFE may also disrupt calcium homeostasis, causing calcium electroporation (CE) for some Joule heating. The impact of CF on PFE and CE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d6dc6fe7dacc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of ultra-fast nanosecond electric pulses on mitochondria transmembrane potential and oxidation", "authors": "Malakauskaitė et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-23453-6", "pmid": "41233441", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation can be successfully employed for controlled molecular delivery and therefore has found clinical applications for treatment of cancer. However, it’s a pulse-dependent phenomenon, thus modulation of the effects is possible by developing new parametric protocols for pulsed electric field generation. In this work, we have developed a generator capable of generating 50 ns pulses with extreme pulse repetition frequency (up to 6.6 MHz), which should enable plasma membrane permeabilization at significantly lower electric field thresholds due to burst compression and modulation of intracellular effects specific to nanosecond range. We have investigated the effects of 6–16 kV/cm, 50 and 300 ns pulses on mitochondria depolarization, followed by ATP depletion study and characterization of mitochondria oxidation. Finally, we have experimentally confirmed the feasibility of the proposed nanosecond pulsed electric field bursts for calcium electrochemotherapy in vitro. For consolidation of knowledge, we have included the results of standard microsecond pulse procedures (8 × 100 µs). As model a CHO-K1-Luc cell line was used. Based on the experimental data, it is concluded that nanosecond pulses (50 ns) when delivered at ultra-fast repetition frequency allow reduction of cell membrane permeabilization thresholds and can be successfully used for calcium electrochemotherapy even with PEF amplitudes as low as 10 kV/cm.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-61dc2f5e1699", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cytotoxic agents for electrochemotherapy Efficacy, mechanisms of action, potential candidates", "authors": "Morozas et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biomed Pharmacother", "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118451", "pmid": "40819543", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a popular clinical anticancer treatment modality that combines chemotherapy with electroporation to enhance drug uptake by tumor cells. One of its key advantages is the ability to use significantly reduced drug concentrations, thereby, minimizing cytotoxic effects on healthy cells and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-71bbc1d5c0b6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Predicting Tumor Recurrence with Early 18F-FDG PET-CT After Thermal and Non-Thermal Ablation", "authors": "Narayanan", "year": 2025, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol32090521", "pmid": "41002591", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The purpose was to determine the ability of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scans performed within 24 h of percutaneous image-guided ablation of primary and metastatic malignancies to predict ablation effectiveness and local tumor progression (LTP). This single-center retrospective review included patients who underwent image guided ablation (microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation, or irreversible electroporation (IRE)) between August 2018 and February 2024 for primary and metastatic malignancies. The primary outcome measure encompassed correlating post-ablation 18F-FDG PET-CT findings with LTP development per tumor, assessed using the chi-square test. The secondary outcome measure was local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) per tumor, evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and potential confounders were identified in multivariable analysis utilizing Cox proportional hazards regression models. A total of 132 patients, who underwent 159 procedures for 224 tumors, were included. During follow-up, LTP developed in 120 out of 224 tumors (53.6%). The presence of residual nodular 18F-FDG avidity on PET-CT within 24 h after the ablation significantly correlated with the development of LTP at follow-up imaging ( p < 0.001). The positive predictive value of nodular 18F-FDG avidity was 86.7%. In multivariable analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) for 18F-FDG avidity was 2.355 (95% CI 1.614-2.647; p < 0.001). The presence of 18F-FDG avidity on PET-CT within 24 h after the ablation was highly correlated with development of LTP and decreased LTPFS. The detection of residual tumor tissue may allow early re-treatments, especially in tumors with nodular uptake, contributing to increased LTPFS.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-afc200fdc8e2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Quantitative analysis of trace-level bleomycin in complex matrices: Application to in vitro electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Plešnik et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Pharm Biomed Anal", "doi": "10.1016/j.jpba.2025.116927", "pmid": "40347764", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin, a cytotoxic antibiotic, poses substantial challenges for mass spectrometry-based analysis due to its extreme polarity, chelating properties, heterogeneity of fractions, and propensity to form multiple charged species during electrospray ionization. As one of the few effective drugs used in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1fceb2e84d6e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Improving bleomycin electrochemotherapy with gold nanoparticles: first in vivo study on intra-tumoral field amplification", "authors": "Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.108999", "pmid": "40345058", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a cancer treatment approach that utilizes the application of electroporation (EP) with standard chemotherapeutic drugs, resulting in a locally enhanced chemotherapy effect due to enhanced intracellular drug delivery. The aim of this study was to demonstrate (for the first time) that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-de5a38a72c3d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Energy-Dependent Effects of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Treatment on the Quality Attributes, Bioactive Compounds, and Microstructure of Red Bell Pepper", "authors": "Rybak", "year": 2025, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules31010088", "pmid": "41515384", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This study evaluated the energy-dependent effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on the physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and microstructure of red bell pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). Red bell pepper tissue was treated at specific energy inputs ranging from 1 to 10 kJ/kg and compared with a fresh (untreated sample). The cell disintegration index (CDI) increased progressively with PEF energy, confirming enhanced membrane permeabilization and structural disruption. Structural analyses (SEM and micro-CT) confirmed the formation of pores and interconnected channels, particularly at moderate and high energies. PEF treatment caused a decrease in total polyphenols and flavonoids, whereas vitamin C and total carotenoid contents increased at intermediate energies. Antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP) declined overall but remained at comparable levels for mild PEF exposure. A significant reduction in firmness was observed (from 17% to 27% compared with the untreated control), and color changes were dependent on the energy input, while microstructural degradation intensified as the energy level approached 10 kJ/kg. PEF treatment improved microbial stability, resulting in a measurable reduction in total viable counts and yeast and mold counts, particularly at higher energy inputs. FTIR, TGA, and NMR data confirmed molecular alterations without degradation of major components. Multivariate analysis (dendrogram, PCA) distinguished four characteristic response groups: fresh, low-energy (1-2 kJ/kg), moderate-energy (4-5 kJ/kg), and high-energy (10 kJ/kg). PEF treatment selectively modified red bell pepper tissue, enhancing permeabilization and carotenoid/vitamin C release while preserving visual quality at mild-moderate energies. These results demonstrate the potential of PEF as a nonthermal technique for tailoring the structural and functional properties of plant-based products.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dd476bdca8b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy, as a novel therapeutic approach in the management of lentigo maligna, lentigo maligna melanoma, and acral lentiginous melanoma", "authors": "Rózsa et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Dermatolog Treat", "doi": "10.1080/09546634.2025.2495096", "pmid": "40298090", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Lentigo maligna (LM), lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM), and acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) are characterized by irregular borders and manifest on highly visible and/or surgically challenging areas. The challenge in treating these melanomas lies in preserving function and achieving satisfactory esthetic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2247bc8b9631", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Quality of Life Changes After Electrochemotherapy A Prospective Single-Center Analysis", "authors": "Rózsa et al", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-5897228/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background The rising prevalence of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors has driven interest in electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a potential treatment. However, patient-reported outcomes remain underexplored. Objectives This study aims to assess the impact of ECT on the quality of life (QoL) of patients, addressing a gap in the current literature. Methods A prospective study evaluated 62 patients treated with ECT between 2015 and 2022. QoL was measured using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire, calculating EQ-5D-index and assessing health state (EQ-VAS) and pain (pain-VAS). Subgroup analysis was conducted based on tumor histology, previous radiotherapy, and tumor size. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 29.0.0. Results The median age was 70 years, with a median follow-up of 47 days. Pre-treatment, 38.7% of patients reported pain/discomfort, and 24% had anxiety/depression. Post-treatment, these decreased to 32.2% and 19%, respectively. While the EQ-VAS and EQ-5D-3L scores showed a non-significant increase, pain-VAS decreased. Significant improvements were seen in patients with previous radiotherapy (EQ-VAS, p = 0.047; EQ-5D-index, p = 0.012) and smaller tumors (EQ-VAS, p = 0.035; pain-VAS, p = 0.029). Conclusions ECT demonstrates a significant benefit in maintaining or improving QoL in patients with cutaneous malignancies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-4604da9d06", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:rozsa", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-3daebfaf9e72" }, { "id": "ref-1e3236c563b4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Influence of electroporation parameters on the reaction and transport mechanisms in electro-chemotherapeutic treatments using Boolean modeling and the Method of Fundamental Solutions", "authors": "Salazar et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Comput Biol Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109543", "pmid": "39662317", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "The systemic administration of chemotherapeutic drugs involves some reaction and transport mechanisms (RTMs), including perfusion along the blood vessels, extravasation, lymphatic drainage, interstitial and transmembrane transport, and protein association and dissociation, among others. When tissue is subjected to the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5214de05ef77", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A novel lab-on-a-chip microsystem with ITO electrodes for effective electroporation in electrochemotherapy studies", "authors": "Skorupska et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biosens Bioelectron", "doi": "10.1016/j.bios.2025.117272", "pmid": "40037035", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "We describe a novel lab-on-a-chip microsystem for cells electroporation, which can be used in studies comparing the effectiveness of two anti-cancer procedures. Our device in which we can simultaneously test the effect of a drug and electrically stimulate cells can be used to assess the effectiveness of chemo- and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-91df8eb0d97f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Advancing cancer therapy Mechanisms, efficacy, and limitations of calcium electroporation", "authors": "Szewczyk et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbcan.2025.189319", "pmid": "40222421", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation, an innovative technique, uses high-voltage pulses to introduce calcium ions into cells, leading to cell death and tumor growth inhibition. This review explores the potential of calcium electroporation as a promising therapeutic approach in cancer treatment. We provide an in-depth analysis of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-00b567fa9b1c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In-silico tool based on Boolean networks and meshless simulations for prediction of reaction and transport mechanisms in the systemic administration of chemotherapeutic drugs", "authors": "Vélez", "year": 2025, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0315194", "pmid": "39919263", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Using in-house computational tools, this work focuses on investigating how the combination of the electric field magnitude (E), bloodstream velocity (λinl) and pharmaco-kinetic profile (PK) impacts the reaction and transport mechanisms of drug (RTMs) arising in electro-chemotherapeutic treatments. The first step implies retrieving the ratios between extracellular, free intracellular, and bound intracellular concentrations from numerical simulations, employing a meshless code developed, calibrated and validated in a previous work. Subsequently, a Boolean model is developed to determine the presence, interaction and rates of RTMs based on the comparison of the spatio-temporal evolution of the drug concentration ratios, being this the main contribution of the present work to the comprehension of the phenomena involved in the systemic administration of chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer tumors. Different combinations of E (0 kV/m, 46 kV/m, 70 kV/m), λinl (1x10-4m/s, 1x10-3m/s, 1x10-2m/s) and PK (One-short tri-exponential, mono-exponential) are examined. In general, results show that both the presence and relative importance of RTMs can differ between both PKs for a given combination of E and λinl. Additionally, for a given PK, radial uniformity of transmembrane transport rate is aversively affected by the increase of E and λinl, whereas radial homogeneity of association/dissociation rate is monotonously affected only by E. Regarding the axial uniformity of transmembrane transport rate, this is benefited by the increase of λinl and, in a lower extent, by the reduction of E.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0dd729917d5b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Injectable Bioresorbable Conductive Hydrogels for Multimodal Brain Tumor Electroimmunotherapy", "authors": "Yadav et al", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-7036456/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Ön Baskı", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Current electrode technologies are too rigid for safe and effective delivery of electrotherapy in the brain, and patients with glioblastoma continue to face a devastating prognosis, with median survival stalled at 15 months despite intensive treatment with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. But these conventional approaches potentially compromise immune function, underscoring the urgent need for therapies that activate, rather than suppress, the immune system. Therefore, we introduce injectable conductive hydrogels engineered to match the softness of brain tissue while exhibiting electrical conductivities up to three orders of magnitude higher than any previously reported injectable hydrogels. They can be implanted through minimally invasive syringe capillaries as narrow as 30 µm—avoiding brain tissue damage—and the use of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) or via endovascular catheters, the latter potentially eliminating the need for open brain surgery. Additionally, it can drape a resection cavity to eliminate residual tumor cells. In human glioblastoma tumors in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane model, implantation of the electrode using CED, followed by irreversible electroporation, obliterated tumors within three days. Other injection techniques impaired tumor growth, induced immunogenic cell death, and a robust infiltration of helper and cytotoxic T cells, alongside macrophages, highlighting the immune-activating and tumor-targeting capabilities.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-a7cd86990c", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:yadav", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-71b7614b5849", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy enhances the efficacy of Asparagus officinalis, Arum elongatum and Urtica dioica extracts in breast cancer treatment", "authors": "Yetişsin et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi", "doi": "10.17474/artvinofd.1573834", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The aim of the current study was to determine the phenolic substances in the stem of Asparagus officinalis L, leaves of Arum elongatum Steven and Urtica dioica L. plants collected from different regions and their cytotoxicities on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line and to reveal the effects of electroporation (EP) on the antiproliferative activities of these plants. Antiproliferative activities of plant extracts were determined in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, and their biocompatibility was determined in L-929 fibroblast cells by MTT analysis method. In electrochemotherapy (extract+EP) applications of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, eight square wave electrical pulse sequences with an intensity of 800 V/cm were used with various doses of plants extracts. It was found that all three plant extracts were rich in phenolic compounds and only A. elongatum showed a relative cytotoxic effect on L-929 fibroblast cells. However, MCF-7 cancer cells showed very good sensitivity to the cytotoxic activities of A. officinalis, A. elongatum and U. dioica extracts, with IC50 values of 443.57, 361.88, and 448.55µg/mL, respectively. It was observed that with EP application, the cytotoxic activity of all three plant extracts on cancer cells increased significantly compared to extract application and cell viability percentages decreased significantly. As a result, our findings suggest that A. officinalis, A. elongatum and U. dioica extracts have anticancer potential and may be promising for breast cancer when used with EP.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1e77632f4602", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The growing armamentarium of image-guided tumor ablation in interventional oncology", "authors": "Yun", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Adv", "doi": "10.1093/radadv/umaf033", "pmid": "41058738", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Minimally invasive image-guided tumor ablation techniques have been established as safe, effective methods to treat a variety of unresectable soft tissue tumors. Standard thermal ablation methods include radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and cryoablation. However, newer non-thermal and/or non-invasive ablation techniques are now available as alternative options to treat soft tissue tumors, particularly those that are near critical structures or otherwise susceptible to thermal energy sink effects. The 4 types of emerging ablation techniques discussed in this review are as follows: irreversible electroporation, pulsed electric field, high-intensity focused ultrasound, and histotripsy. While the clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of these ablation techniques are in their early stages, initial results are promising in the treatment of various cancers at different stages. These include potential synergistic effects when combined with chemotherapy and immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a698a34ee6db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "New effective and less painful high frequency electrochemotherapy protocols: From optimization on 3D models to pilot study on veterinary patients", "authors": "de Caro et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.113592", "pmid": "40037431", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, a physical method that permeabilizes cell membranes, is increasingly used in cancer treatment. By enhancing the uptake of hydrophilic antitumor drugs, it boosts their cytotoxic effects and has proven effective in both human and veterinary medicine through electrochemotherapy. However, this treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e4186a55ce2d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Triboelectric Immunotherapy Calcium Electroporation System for Synergistically Enhanced Tumor Therapy", "authors": "Hu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Small", "doi": "10.1002/smll.202411121", "pmid": "40522202", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Calcium overload is a promising anticancer treatment that kills tumor cells primarily by causing mitochondrial dysfunction in cells. However, calcium overload therapy is limited by inefficient cellular uptake of Ca 2+ . Herein, a triboelectric immunotherapy/calcium electroporation (CaEP) synergistic tumor therapy is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a983bc639ebd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Between defence and delivery the DNA sensing response to gene electrotransfer", "authors": "Jesenko", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0063", "pmid": "41401059", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Gene therapy has emerged as a transformative biomedical approach, offering new therapeutic possibilities from many so far uncurable diseases through the introduction of recombinant nucleic acids into target cells. Among non-viral delivery techniques, gene electrotransfer (GET) has become one of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3e408fc7ddea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Advancements in the application of ablative therapy and its combination with immunotherapy in anti-cancer therapy", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbcan.2025.189285", "pmid": "39938664", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cancer is a significant health issue impacting humans. Currently, systemic therapies such as chemotherapy have significantly increased the life expectancy of cancer patients. However, some patients are unable to endure systemic treatment due to its significant adverse effects, leading to an increased focus on local…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-502846d8cc86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Advances in the combination of immunoadjuvants and tumor ablation: Mediating immune effects to enhance anti-tumor efficacy", "authors": "Yu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbcan.2025.189393", "pmid": "40683609", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Percutaneous tumor ablation is a minimally invasive treatment for tumors. The release of tumor neoantigens after ablation not only remodels the local tumor microenvironment, but also achieves abscopal effects by mediating local and systemic immune effects. However, studies have shown that a single ablation technique…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-180db3a732f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Anorectal Tumors A Narrative Literature Review", "authors": "Ferioli et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338251349596", "pmid": "40624969", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This narrative review explores the potential role of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in treating anorectal tumors, focusing on its effectiveness, feasibility, and associated toxicities. ECT, which combines chemotherapy with the application of an electric field to enhance drug uptake by tumor cells, has shown promise as a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-22216a6b323f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combined effects of electroporation and 100 mGy X-ray on the anticancer activity of newly synthesized niraparib-based Schiff base, Pd(II) and Fe(II) complexes in SKOV-3 cancer cells", "authors": "Alkis et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioorg Chem", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.110035", "pmid": "42229349", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "A novel niraparib-derived Schiff base (Sb) ligand and its Pd(II) and Fe(II) complexes were synthesized and comprehensively characterized using elemental and thermal analyses, 1 H, 13 C NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, magnetic susceptibility, mass spectrometry, and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The spectroscopic and magnetic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ddfb0a839435", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Synthesis, characterization, and antiproliferative activity of a niraparib-based Schiff base ligand and its Zn(II)/Ni(II) complexes, and evaluation of electrochemotherapy combined with low-dose ionizing radiation", "authors": "Alkis et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Inorganic Chemistry Communications", "doi": "10.1016/j.inoche.2026.117194", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-130051580ebf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation-Induced Gastric Cancer Models Through Epithelial-Specific Genetic Modifications", "authors": "Arai et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Gastro Hep Adv", "doi": "10.1016/j.gastha.2026.100916", "pmid": "42006188", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Gastro Hep Advances 2026;5:100916 RESEARCH LETTER ElectroporationInduced Gastric Cancer Models Through EpithelialSpecific Genetic Modifications G astric cancer remains a major global health burden and one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide.1 Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, patient outcomes remain poor, particularly for advanced disease, due in part to the substantial molecular, histological, and etiological heterogeneity that characterizes gastric tumorigenesis. Understanding the early cellular events and the diverse pathways driving tumor progression requires experimental models that accurately reflect the biology of human gastric cancer.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-a432a23c5dc1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Multiscale analysis of electrically stimulated vascularised tumours", "authors": "Borbála Fülöp et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Theor Biol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jtbi.2025.112307", "pmid": "41260294", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based therapies such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) hold a great promise for improving cancer treatments. While highly effective for superficial tumours, its application for deep-seated malignancies is challenged by complex microstructural properties, and current models often lack a multiscale theoretical framework to capture those phenomena. Here we develop and solve a novel system of coupled partial differential equations of Darcy-Laplace type obtained by applying the asymptotic homogenisation technique. We study the tumour response stimulated by an electric field. We derive effective macroscale equations for the pressure, velocity, and electric potential, whilst incorporating both hydraulic and electric microscale tissue heterogeneities. Our coupled multiscale approach bridges the gap between the tumour microstructure and macroscale dynamics, offering a more comprehensive understanding of how tumour size, morphology, and hydraulic-electrical interactions influence interstitial flow. We present a parametric analysis of the hydraulic conductivity tensor and macroscale numerical simulation results for pressure and velocity fields, highlighting the role of the electric field in modulating fluid flow. Our findings provide meaningful insights towards advancing ECT protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f08d5efa1a7f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Engineered Electrotherapy Platforms Integrating Electroactive Materials for Precision Cancer Therapy", "authors": "Cai et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Adv Mater", "doi": "10.1002/adma.72763", "pmid": "41821487", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Inspired by endogenous physiological electric fields, electro-mediated therapeutic strategies represent promising approaches for targeted cancer therapy owing to their deep tissue penetration and spatiotemporal precision. The integration of biomaterials and nanotechnology with electrotherapy has emerged as a key…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7a80f68e92e3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Targeted delivery of a plant-derived monoclonal antibody using pulsed electric fields in a 3D glioblastoma model", "authors": "Giovannini et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109318", "pmid": "42139809", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a promising technique for enhancing the delivery of therapeutic agents by transiently increasing cell membrane permeability through high-amplitude (from hundreds of V/cm to tens of kV/cm), ultra-short pulsed electric fields (from ms to ns). This technique has shown potential not only for nucleic acid and small molecule delivery but also for the efficient modulation of tumor targets. In this study, we explore, for the first time, the combination of electroporation with an engineered monoclonal antibody targeting tenascin-C, a molecular hallmark of glioblastoma. Using a three-dimensional spheroid model of glioblastoma, we demonstrate that electroporation can enhance antibody binding to tenascin-C in the extracellular matrix, overcoming the structural barriers of the tumor microenvironment. Our results show that electroporation increases antibody access to tumor cells without significant cytotoxicity, highlighting its role as a potentiating tool for antibody-based therapies. Additionally, we utilize plant molecular farming to produce biologically active antibodies, offering a scalable and sustainable platform for large-scale production. This study provides a novel strategy for therapeutic delivery in solid tumors, such as glioblastoma, and offers novel possibilities for other types of cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e69719d358de", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Calcium electroporation modulates cell viability, energy metabolism, and apoptosis in colon cancer cells", "authors": "Gürsoy et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Cukurova Med J", "doi": "10.17826/cumj.1912929", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of calcium electroporation on cell viability, energy metabolism, and cell survival signaling pathways in the colon cancer cell line DLD-1.Materials and Methods: Cells were treated with different concentrations of CaCl2 (1-4 mM) alone and in combination via…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fca32af5215a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Engineering Organ Conformality for Precise Intracellular Delivery", "authors": "Hu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Research (Wash D C)", "doi": "10.34133/research.1284", "pmid": "42109883", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Bioelectronic patches have emerged as promising tools for localized and precise intracellular delivery. However, their application is limited by poor conformability and suboptimal delivery efficiency on anatomically complex organs. A recent study published in Cell introduced POCKET, a kirigami-based electrotransfection bioelectronic patch for conformable intracellular delivery on complex organ surfaces. This study establishes a universal conformality framework for maximizing organ coverage. POCKET connects nanopores to target cells, enhancing electroporation and transmembrane transport for efficient drug delivery to organs. By integrating mechanical conformality with interfacial bioelectronics, this platform enhances spatial precision and therapeutic efficacy in complex organs, promising advances in gene therapy, organ protection, and regenerative medicine.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-94b78cdcf762", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Advanced Therapeutic Platform: Electroporation-Mediated Delivery of Desharpened OMV-Encoded Antibody Particles", "authors": null, "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "The Unmet Need in Solid Tumor Immunotherapy approach combining bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), nucleic acid nanocarriers, and The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors and electroporation for in situ cancer immunotherapy. chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies has The proposed methodology employs genetically or revolutionized oncology, yet durable responses in solid chemically tumors remain limited to a minority of patients. Key \"desharpened\" OMVs---bacterial-derived nanostructures with barriers include the immunosuppressive reduced endotoxic activity but retained fusogenic microenvironment and properties---as lymphocyte infiltration, antigen heterogeneity, and nanoparticles systemic toxicity associated with high-dose antibody encapsulating antibody-encoding genetic material. administration.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "JMEST 13(2)", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-e374e8ca331e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "The use of a bipolar single-needle electrode for electrochemotherapy combined with gene electrotransfer of IL-12 in a mast cell tumor on the nasal planum of a dog: case report", "authors": "Lampreht Tratar et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2026.1813360", "pmid": "42137774", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combined with gene electrotransfer of interleukin-12 (IL-12 GET) has shown promising results in the treatment of canine mast cell tumors (MCTs). However, when tumors are located in anatomically challenging sites, there is a need for the use of a single-needle electrode to access the tumor. Therefore, this case report aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using a bipolar single-needle electrode in a dog with an MCT on the nasal planum. The 2-cm 3 tumor was treated with the simultaneous intratumoral administration of cisplatin (CDDP) and a plasmid encoding canine IL-12, followed by the application of electric pulses using a bipolar single-needle electrode. In addition, the dog was treated with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. We observed a reduction in microvessel density 6 months after treatment, along with a decreased number of proliferating cells. These combined interventions resulted in long-term local tumor control for 18 months before recurrence occurred. Importantly, our results demonstrated that the bipolar single-needle electrode approach was both feasible and effective. In conclusion, using IL-12 GET with a bipolar single-needle electrode for the treatment of MCTs is a practical and effective therapeutic option, particularly for tumors located in difficult-to-treat anatomical sites.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c2728a93e82e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Integration of Electroporation in Urological Practice: Design and Evaluation of a New Transurethral Electrode", "authors": "Laursen et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/69908", "pmid": "41941367", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Bladder tumors constitute a substantial health challenge, yet advances in the treatment have been few. Electroporation is the use of brief electric pulses that permeabilize cell membranes with the purpose of a direct cytotoxic effect (irreversible electroporation) or for drug and gene delivery into cells (reversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7b6e180cbac3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Emerging electroactive bio-microneedles for innovative minimally invasive theranostic applications", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Int. J. Extrem. Manuf.", "doi": "10.1088/2631-7990/ae3218", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Microneedles (MNs) have emerged as a transformative minimally invasive platform in biomedicine, enabling painless transdermal drug delivery and diagnostic applications. However, conventional MNs face critical limitations, including functional singularity, inefficient drug utilization, and immune complications. Recent advancements in electroactive bio-microneedles (Ebio-MNs) offer innovative solutions by synergizing electrical responsiveness with biological adaptability, facilitating intelligent closed-loop theranostic integration. This review comprehensively explains the core mechanism of the electroactivity strategy and the development and current status of Ebio-MN intelligent diagnosis and treatment, while systematically analyzing progress in Ebio-MN classifications, functional base materials (e.g., conductive polymers, metallic/carbon composites, ionic conductors), and precision manufacturing technologies (e.g., lithography, 3D printing, MEMS). Special emphasis is placed on bioinspired structural designs that enhance tissue compliance and electrochemical interfaces. In the therapeutic domain, Ebio-MNs demonstrate multifunctional advantages in stimuli-responsive drug release, real-time biomarker tracking, and electrostimulation-enhanced wound healing through mechanisms such as electrical modulation. Case studies highlight their biomedical applications in diabetes management, chronic wound repair, and tumor electrochemotherapy, showcasing integrated devices capable of simultaneous monitoring and intervention. By bridging MN innovation with intelligent system design, this review outlines a roadmap for next-generation personalized theranostic platforms, offering critical insights into electrically driven biointerfaces and closed-loop healthcare solutions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4632ad279651", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reverzibilna elektroporacija v terapiji raka", "authors": "A Šenk Juh, B Šenk, M Čemažar", "year": 2026, "journal": "Medicinski razgledi", "doi": "10.61300/mr650177g", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "– Amadej Šenk Juh, Barbara Šenk, Maja Čemažar 99 Diagnostični izziv 99 Diagnostic Challenge 105 Seznam diplomantov 105 List of Graduated Students 107 Navodila avtorjem 113 Guidelines for Authors 113 Guidelines for Authors mr26_1-naslov_naslov.qxd 26.3.2026 7:31 Page 2 MEDICINSKI RAZGLEDI MEDICINSKI RAZGLEDI Biomedicinski raziskovalni, strokovni in pregledni članki Biomedical research, professional and review articles uREDNIšTvO EDITORIAL OFFICE Društvo Medicinski razgledi Korytkova ulica 2 1000 Ljubljana Slovenija T (01) 543 79 44 E info@medrazgl.si S www.medrazgl.si T +386 1 543 79 44 E info@medrazgl.si W www.medrazgl.si POR: 02014-0050652588 Društvo Medicinski razgledi Korytkova ulica 2 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia GLAvNI uREDNIK uREDNIšKI ODbOR EDITOR-IN-CHIEF EDITORIAL bOARD Matija Kiker Matija Kiker Eva Pušnik Hana Brezar, Ela Cerar, Ema Grašič, Katja Halilovič, Matic Ivančič, Ana Jazbe", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Medicinski razgledi 65(1); Slovence dergi sayısı, 122 sayfa", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-b2330f224c31", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "In Vivo Fluorescent Melanoma Model: Electroporation Plus Magnetic Hyperthermia Significatively Reduces Tumor Size, Preliminary Results", "authors": "Molina-Pineda et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics18070783", "pmid": "42514864", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Melanoma affects both sexes, and its incidence has increased in recent years. It is currently among the most common types of cancer. Standard chemotherapy, although effective, often lacks selectivity for tumor cells, resulting in dose-limiting side effects. Electrochemotherapy and magnetic hyperthermia have been investigated as innovative biomedical approaches. Electrochemotherapy improves drug delivery by facilitating electroporation, thereby increasing intracellular concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents and reducing associated adverse effects. Furthermore, electroporation enhances sensitivity to magnetic hyperthermia. However, few studies have focused on the combination of electroporation and hyperthermia in melanoma models. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of intratumoral administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), electroporation (EP), and magnetic hyperthermia (EHP) on fluorescent melanoma tumors generated with the MV3-GFP cell line. Methods: Fluorescent melanoma tumors were generated using the MV3-GFP cell line. Treatments included SPIONs alone, SPIONs combined with hyperthermia, and SPIONs combined with electroporation and hyperthermia. Tumor size was monitored over 21 and 28 days. Results: SPIONs alone did not affect tumor growth (665 mm 3 ). SPIONs plus hyperthermia reduced tumor size to 126.5 mm 3 at day 21. The combination of SPIONs, electroporation, and hyperthermia produced a pronounced antitumoral effect, with tumor size decreasing to 95.5 mm 3 at day 14 and 6.8 mm 3 at day 21, followed by complete tumor disappearance by day 28. Electroporation significantly enhanced the antitumoral activity of the combined treatment. Conclusions: The combination of SPIONs, electroporation, and magnetic hyperthermia shows significant synergistic antitumoral activity in a melanoma model. These findings support further investigation in larger and more comprehensive in vivo studies to better understand the therapeutic potential of these combined approaches.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c0e0cd868c09", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation as a strategy to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in neuroblastoma an in vitro study", "authors": "Neville et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2026-0028", "pmid": "42359758", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları" ], "abstract": "Background: Reversible electroporation involves the use of pulsed electric fields to temporarily disrupt and permeabilise cell membranes. Electroporation combined with chemotherapy - electrochemotherapy (ECT) - increases tumour cell permeability to chemotherapeutic drugs and enhances their effect. We investigated the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca13060cac08", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Perspectives on the Appropriate Management of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Updates from the “Salerno 2025 Interdisciplinary Consensus Conference” on Diagnostic Paths and Follow-Up of HCC", "authors": "Persico et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "JDReAM", "doi": "10.3390/jdream6030012", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The new therapeutic options now available for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have made their assessment more complex, especially due to the different stages of liver cirrhosis typically associated with this tumor. The management of the disease therefore requires an interdisciplinary approach aimed at identifying the most appropriate treatment based on the risk–benefit profile and residual liver function, as well as in relation to the patient’s age and potential for a full or partial recovery, risk of complications, and cancer recurrence. Another factor to be carefully considered in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is the frequent comorbidities and the associated socio-health variables (substance abuse, addictions, unfavorable economic or family circumstances), which can impact patient management or the possibilities for long-term monitoring, thus influencing the choice of the most appropriate therapeutic pathway. The healthcare services offered in the Province of Salerno (Campania Region, Southern Italy) to ensure all possible diagnostic and therapeutic options for these patients can be difficult to access due to the territorial extension of the Local Health Authority, characterized by clinics and hospitals located in distant locations, as well as the potential fragmentation of expertise between the University Hospital and ambulatorial facilities or small hospitals. An interdisciplinary consensus conference on the management of patients with HCC has been set with the aim of involving clinicians and surgeons working in healthcare facilities located in Salerno and its Province for the optimal care and effective management of these patients, taking into account all the clinical characteristics of the disease and individual health needs or expectations, from the perspective of personalized medicine.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-afaf84181d62", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electric fields to enhance drug delivery to non-superficial tumors", "authors": "Saeed et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2026.114931", "pmid": "41999901", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Tissue penetration of anticancer drugs is hindered by adverse biophysical properties of solid tumors, including elevated interstitial fluid pressure, dense extracellular matrices, and abnormal vascular architecture. The use of electric fields can enhance drug transport and overcome these physical barriers, yet their…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-946f8175c0b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Integrated electrical modeling of circulating tumor cells for enhanced dielectrophoretic trapping and electroporation", "authors": "Sherif et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-45747-z", "pmid": "41968135", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "This study presents a comprehensive computational and experimental investigation of the integrated dielectrophoresis (DEP) and electroporation framework for the selective manipulation and controlled treatment of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets (PLTs) within a unified microfluidic platform. A multiphysics mathematical model, implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics, is developed to simulate the complete sequence of DEP-driven cell trapping followed by pulsed electric field electroporation, capturing the dynamic processes of membrane charging, pore nucleation, growth, and resealing under short-duration 2 µs electric pulses. The key electroporation parameters, including transmembrane potential, pore radius, pore density, and membrane conductivity, are systematically characterized for each cell type to define cell-specific optimal pulse protocols that maximize treatment efficacy while preserving cell viability and minimizing thermal effects. The DEP mechanism provides stable spatial confinement of target cells between electrode pairs, enabling precise and reproducible exposure to calibrated electric fields with reduced off-target perturbations. Comparative computational analysis across the three cell types reveals that the requisite electric field strength must be tailored to cell dimensions, with 1–4 kV/cm identified as appropriate for CTCs and WBCs and 10–40 kV/cm required for platelets owing to their substantially smaller diameter and correspondingly higher membrane charging threshold. The simulation results demonstrate spatially heterogeneous pore dynamics and electric displacement field distributions across the cell membrane, with the most pronounced effects concentrated at the hyperpolarized pole, underscoring the critical influence of cell geometry and electric field distribution on electroporation outcomes. To experimentally validate the computational predictions, a dedicated microfluidic platform integrating microfabricated electrode arrays with real-time impedance sensing and optical monitoring was developed and applied to THP-1 monocytic cells as a representative model system. The device comprises a central impedance sensor defining the active sensing zone and surrounding focusing electrodes with lateral dimensions of [Formula: see text] µm and an inter-electrode spacing of 200 µm, electrically routed through via connections for independent excitation and measurement. Impedance spectroscopy was performed over a frequency range of [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] Hz under applied voltages from 1 to 25 V across the 200 µm sensing gap. The impedance magnitude (|Z|) exhibited a clear monotonic decrease with increasing applied voltage, with the most pronounced reductions observed in the mid-frequency range (10–100 kHz), confirming enhanced membrane permeability and increased effective conductivity of the cell suspension under stronger electric fields. The reactive impedance component ([Formula: see text]) demonstrated progressive suppression of negative reactance with increasing voltage, indicating systematic loss of membrane capacitive behavior, while the series resistance ([Formula: see text]) decreased and stabilized at higher voltages, reflecting a transition from capacitance-dominated to conductivity-dominated electrical transport.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d3549391fad0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Translating physical stress into biological signals: precision electro-oncology based on conformational changes of electro-sensitive receptors and parameterized immune remodeling", "authors": "Shi et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1854341", "pmid": "42494597", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) and pulsed electric fields (PEF) have emerged as a fourth modality in oncological treatment, succeeding surgery, radiotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. However, the fundamental mechanisms through which physical electrical stress is precisely transduced into biochemical signals remain to be fully elucidated. By integrating molecular dynamics simulations, multi-omics profiling, and the latest clinical trial data, this review systematically explores how electric fields, functioning as physical signals, initiate intracellular transduction by inducing conformational kinetic changes in G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as NPFFR2. Furthermore, we discuss how the modulation of waveform parameters enables the precise programming of apoptosis and pyroptosis patterns, thereby inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) and activating the cGAS-STING pathway. Additionally, proteomics-based insights are employed to reveal the mechanisms of electric-field-induced compensatory resistance, and the pivotal role of electric fields in remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment and reversing resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors is discussed. This review aims to provide refined theoretical guidance for the clinical translation of the emerging field of the \"electro-immunome\".", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4a2b125664eb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Global trends and research hotspots in pulsed electric field ablation for liver cancer treatment", "authors": "Tian et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Cancer Res Ther", "doi": "10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1548_25", "pmid": "42204886", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed electric field (PEF) ablation is a promising nonthermal tumor treatment for liver cancer, recognized for its ability to induce immune responses. However, the field has lacked a comprehensive bibliometric evaluation. This study aimed to provide an in-depth analysis of the research landscape. Methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b9521db91ba5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "vetInspECT: a platform for the multicentric evaluation of treatment response after electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology - feline tumors", "authors": "Tozon Mask et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "BMC Vet Res", "doi": "10.1186/s12917-026-05605-6", "pmid": "42237202", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local ablative treatment and in veterinary oncology, evidence supporting ECT efficacy is mainly derived from case reports and small case series, underscoring the need for standardized, multicentric data collection comparable to human oncology registries. The primary aim of this study was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ece311e54ac0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electricity-Based Locoregional Cancer Therapies and Their Associated Drug Delivery Technologies: From Principles of Action to Clinical Implications", "authors": "Truong et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Biomater Res", "doi": "10.34133/bmr.0386", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electric field-based therapies are rapidly emerging as innovative modalities in the fight against cancer, offering targeted, minimally invasive, and often immunomodulatory alternatives to conventional treatments. This review comprehensively examines the current landscape and prospects of electricity-based locoregional cancer therapies and their associated drug delivery technologies. Key modalities, including irreversible electroporation, tumor-treating fields, radiofrequency ablation, electrochemotherapy, and iontophoresis, are discussed regarding their mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and integration with immunotherapy. In addition, emerging strategies such as smart electro-responsive drug carriers and integrative therapeutic systems are highlighted as promising approaches for achieving electrically controlled, site-specific, and precision-guided drug delivery. Although electricity-based locoregional cancer therapies show promise, challenges such as variable tissue responses, device optimization, and long-term safety remain. Current research aims to address these issues and enhance outcomes through combinations with immunotherapy. By drawing on advances in bioelectricity, nanotechnology, and immunology, these therapies have the potential to substantially improve the precision and personalization of cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6ac2939a51a0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Role of plasma gel in improving healing and reducing inflammation in electroporated skin wounds", "authors": "Vargas et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Res Vet Sci", "doi": "10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106198", "pmid": "42000568", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The technique of electroporation is used to facilitate the selective delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into neoplastic cells, a process known as electrochemotherapy. However, the procedure is invasive and impairs the wound healing process. In this context, the application of plasma gel may minimize the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2fbd7ff7884e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Locoregional and Injectable Interventional Therapies for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Narrative Review with Perspectives on Oligometastatic Disease", "authors": "Vos et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Journal of Clinical Interventional Radiology ISVIR", "doi": "10.1055/s-0046-1824533", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) and oligometastatic pancreatic cancer (OMPC) remain associated with poor prognosis despite advances in systemic therapy. In carefully selected patients demonstrating disease stability or response to chemotherapy, image-guided locoregional interventions are increasingly explored as adjunctive strategies to enhance local tumor control, facilitate downstaging, and potentially contribute to systemic disease modulation. A wide spectrum of interventional approaches has emerged, including needle-guided ablative energy modalities, intratumoral injection therapies, noninvasive external energy delivery techniques, and transarterial or catheter-based platforms. These techniques rely on diverse mechanisms of action, ranging from thermal and nonthermal cytotoxicity to radiation delivery, mechanical disruption, and immune activation, reflecting the expanding role of interventional radiology in oncologic care. Among available strategies, stereotactic radiotherapy and electroporation-based techniques currently show the most advanced clinical integration, although definitive survival benefits remain uncertain. In parallel, novel intratumoral and catheter-directed therapies are rapidly evolving, with growing interest in approaches capable of inducing immunogenic cell death and enhancing response to systemic treatments. This narrative review provides an interventional radiology–focused synthesis of emerging locoregional and injectable therapies in LAPC and OMPC, emphasizing technical considerations, mechanisms of action, and clinical evidence. Particular attention is given to the integration of these modalities within multimodality treatment pathways and to future directions aimed at optimizing patient selection, standardizing procedural strategies, and leveraging immunomodulatory effects to improve outcomes in this highly aggressive disease.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5cf13b9bdbb6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Boolean network and meshless simulations for the comparison of transport and reaction mechanisms arising in one-short tri-exponential and uniform infusion electrochemotherapeutic treatments", "authors": "Vélez Salazar et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Bioinform", "doi": "10.3389/fbinf.2026.1719700", "pmid": "41958709", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Drug administration via the bloodstream involves some transport and reaction mechanisms ( R T M s ), such as extravasation, perfusion along blood vessels, transmembrane and interstitial transport, protein dissociation and association, and lymphatic drainage. These R T M s can be influenced by the type of pharmacokinetic ( P K ) profile used for drug delivery in the circulatory system, as well as by the bloodstream velocity λ i n l . In electroporated tissues, the electric field magnitude ( E ) can also affect the R T M s because it brings about vessel vasoconstriction, cell membrane and vessel wall electro-permeabilization, and changes in tissue porosity. In the present work, in-house computational tools are employed to examine how the combination of E and λ i n l influences the R T M ' s existence, interaction, and rates arising in electrochemotherapy for two different P K s : One-short tri-exponential ( T P K ), where the drug concentration decreases exponentially after a one-short infusion, and one uniform ( U P K ), where the drug concentration is kept constant during the whole treatment. First, the ratios between extracellular, free intracellular, and bound intracellular concentrations are obtained from numerical simulations with a meshless code previously developed, calibrated, and validated. Subsequently, the interaction between the R T M s is investigated by means of a Boolean model presented here that is based on the comparison of the spatio-temporal evolution of the concentration ratios. Several combinations of E ( 0 k V / m ; 46 k V / m ; 70 k V / m ), λ i n l ( 1 × 10 - 4 m / s ; 1 × 10 - 3 m / s ; 1 × 10 - 2 m / s ), and P K ( T P K and U P K ) are tested. The in silico findings indicate that R T M ' s existence, interaction, and rates can vary between the two P K s ( T P K and U P K ) for a specific permutation of E and λ i n l . Nevertheless, common features are identified between these pharmacokinetic profiles. In general, the lower E , the more uniform the transmembrane transport in the radial and axial direction; the decrease of λ i n l also improves the radial homogeneity of this transport mechanism but negatively influences the axial uniformity. The uniformity of the mechanisms of association and dissociation is only altered monotonously by E (Vélez Salazar and Patiño Arcila, 2025).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fc78e675aadc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-resolution spatiotemporal mapping of transient Joule heating and skin tissue responses during microneedle electroporation", "authors": "Xia et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109421", "pmid": "42580027", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Microneedle electroporation holds promise for enhancing dermal gene and drug delivery, yet the biophysical consequences of millisecond exponential-decay pulses remain incompletely characterized. We employed mid-wave infrared temperature mapping, three-dimensional electromagnetic modeling, cell viability staining, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4ed165600bc8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Energy-equivalent cyclic pulsed electric fields enable reversible membrane permeabilization and sustainable protein release from microalgae", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109370", "pmid": "42372698", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The rigid cell wall of microalgae limits efficient intracellular protein extraction. Here, three pulsed electric field (PEF) energy distribution strategies-high-voltage few-pulse (HP), low-voltage multi-pulse (LP), and a medium-voltage cyclic protocol (MP)-were systematically compared at approximately equivalent…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7a04b8b44e36", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reversible electroporation controllably opening the cellular doorway", "authors": "Zhou et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bio-des. Manuf.", "doi": "10.1631/bdm.2500504", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Reversible electroporation (RE) involves applying pulsed electric fields to briefly disrupt cell membrane channels, allowing molecular transfer while preserving cell viability. Advances in RE combined with micro- and nano-devices have improved efficiency and safety in cellular analysis and engineering, holding…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-87a9b7ed9888", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy impacts the viability, functionality and phenotype of murine dendritic cells in voltage-dependent manner", "authors": "Bendix et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109263", "pmid": "41762907", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Dendritic cells (DCs) are central to the initiation of anti-tumour immunity, yet the direct effects of electrochemotherapy (ECT) on DC biology remain poorly defined. We investigated how varying electric field strengths (800, 1000, and 1300 V/cm) modulate murine DC viability, phenotype, Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression and functional responses in vitro. ECT induced predominantly necrotic cell death in a voltage-dependent manner, with higher voltages markedly reducing viability. Despite this decline, surviving DCs exposed to 1000 V/cm and 1300 V/cm upregulated MHC II and CD80, indicating activation of the remaining population. ECT also altered TLR expression, significantly increasing TLR6 and TLR9 while reducing TLR4, TLR7 and TLR8 levels. Functionally, ECT impaired DC cytokine responses to TLR4 and TLR7/8 stimulation but preserved or enhanced responsiveness to the TLR9 agonist CpG, suggesting selective disruption of downstream TLR pathways. Together, these findings demonstrate that ECT differentially shapes DC survival and function depending on electric field intensity, with low-voltage ECT better preserving DC competence and higher voltages inducing activation but impairing responsiveness. These data highlight opportunities to optimise ECT protocols and rationally combine ECT with immune adjuvants to enhance therapeutic immunogenicity.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2a74fdd9fc12", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Chemokine CCL5 overexpression combined with radiotherapy modulates Th1-mediated immune response and leads to significant tumor growth delay in mouse tumor models", "authors": "Bozic et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Biomed Pharmacother", "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118887", "pmid": "41496323", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "This study investigated the antitumor efficacy of chemokine CCL5 gene therapy using gene electrotransfer (GET) in combination with radiotherapy (RT) in solid murine tumors CT26 and 4T1. In vitro, CT26 and 4T1 tumor cells transfected with plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding CCL5 induced migration of RAW264.7 macrophages. In…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7b4aa86e9d19", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Localized delivery of coding nucleic acids into adherent cells by in situ electroporation: integrated impedance-based monitoring allows for loss-of-function or gain-of-function screening", "authors": "Grimm et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-63882-5", "pmid": "42527443", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Coding nucleic acids (NAs) like DNA, mRNA or siRNA hold endless potential to engineer cells with respect to their genome and proteome. However, minimally invasive delivery of NAs across an intact plasma membrane into the cytosol of living cells remains a technical challenge. Electroporation creates transient pores in the plasma membrane by applying well-defined electric fields for fractions of a second allowing NA transfer across the membrane. In situ electroporation (ISE) applies the electric field to adherent cells growing on the surface of planar, thin-film electrodes deposited on the bottom of the culture well. This study reports on the localized delivery of plasmid DNA, mRNA, siRNA and aptamers into different mammalian cell lines by ISE. Fluorescence microscopy verified successful delivery of labeled NAs themselves (siRNA, aptamers) or expression of the proteins they encoded (DNA, mRNA). Impedance readings of the cell-covered electrodes before and after ISE allowed tracking the invasiveness of the pulse, the recovery of the cells within 30 min and the phenotypic impact of the NAs inside the cells. Loading the cells with siRNA specifically designed to knock down gene transcripts essential for survival, led to the onset of cell death within 20 h after the pulse. The combination of ISE, specific NAs and impedance-based cell monitoring paves the way for a new class of gain-of-function or loss-of-function experiments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9bd46e1ca671", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Microfluidic electroporation for drug and gene delivery: Driving innovation from single-cell precision to high-throughput preclinical and therapeutic platforms", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Adv Drug Deliv Rev", "doi": "10.1016/j.addr.2026.115851", "pmid": "41825535", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Intracellular delivery of therapeutic biomolecules represents a fundamental prerequisite for cell-based therapies and precision medicine, yet existing delivery methods present critical limitations. Viral vectors, while effective, pose safety risks including immunogenicity and insertional mutagenesis. Bulk…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c38dc07b56f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Assessing the Safety and Value of Electrochemotherapy A Comprehensive Umbrella Review", "authors": "Altamura et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "International Journal of Clinical Practice", "doi": "10.1155/ijcp/2551074", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a nonthermal locoregional treatment that enhances cytotoxic drug uptake through reversible electroporation and is increasingly used across different malignancies. Despite consistent evidence of clinical efficacy, uncertainties remain regarding its safety profile in heterogeneous clinical settings. This umbrella review synthesizes and critically appraises the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of ECT in oncological patients to inform clinical practice and future research. Methods An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses was conducted in accordance with PRISMA and Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and registered in PROSPERO. Methodological quality and overlap were assessed using AMSTAR‐2 and the corrected covered area. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed to estimate pooled response and adverse event proportions, with subgroup and robustness analyses. Results A total of 11 secondary studies were included. The pooled overall response rate to ECT was 78.6% (95% CI: 71.9%–84.0%) under a random‐effects model, with substantial heterogeneity across studies ( I 2 = 88.2%). Subgroup analyses showed variability in overall response according to tumor type and treatment intent; however, no statistically significant between‐group differences were observed. The pooled proportion of adverse effects was 10% (95% CI: 0.0%–43.1%), with extreme between‐study heterogeneity ( I 2 = 99.5%). Most reported adverse events were local and mild, whereas severe or systemic toxicities were uncommon. Conclusions ECT is an effective locoregional treatment with high antitumor activity across multiple oncological indications. While safety outcomes were predominantly local and mild, interpretation of pooled toxicity estimates should account for variability in adverse event reporting. Overall consistent response patterns underscore its clinical relevance; however, further high‐quality prospective studies and standardized reporting are needed to guide broader implementation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b0d868d085e8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electric field distribution during electroporation process in presence of nanoparticles", "authors": "Bernardini et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering", "doi": "10.1108/COMPEL-04-2026-0201", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose This study aims to present a numerical model to predict the electric field distribution in the presence of conductive or dielectric nanoparticles close to the cell membrane during electrochemotherapy treatment. Design/methodology/approach To solve the electromagnetic problem in transient conditions, finite element analyses are performed. Specifically, the field distribution during both the rise and the constant period of the pulse is investigated. To analyze the impact of the pulse dynamics, different rise times are considered. Findings The effect of a trapezoidal voltage pulse on the electric field distribution in a region of interest close to the nanoparticle is studied, considering nanoparticles made of conductive or dielectric materials. Originality/value The effect of different nanoparticle materials is studied, as well as the effect of the pulse rise time.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-11e6b8eb7f66", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in pediatrics a systematic review", "authors": "Formstone et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-026-12554-z", "pmid": "42020622", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To systematically review the available evidence on electrochemotherapy (ECT) in pediatric patients, focusing on indications, treatment parameters, efficacy, and safety. Materials and methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024575588). MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Studies reporting the use of ECT in patients ≤ 18 years were included. Data extraction covered patient demographics, pathologies, electroporation parameters, agents used, and outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I. Results: Out of 1579 screened studies, 15 met the inclusion criteria, reporting at least 127 pediatric patients. Age was provided for 98 patients (pooled mean 8.5 years, range 0-17) and sex for 108 (58 female, 50 male). Two studies described tumors; the remainder reported vascular anomalies (VAs). Reversible electroporation with intralesional or intravenous bleomycin was the most common protocol. Complete response rates for tumors were 97-100%. Pooled volume reductions in VAs ranged from 52% to 100%. Most complications were minor, though serious events occurred, including sciatic nerve injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and airway compromise. Methodological quality was low, with small sample sizes and inconsistent reporting of multiple parameters. Conclusion: ECT is in the early stages of development but shows promising efficacy as a treatment for tumors and VAs in children. Preliminary data suggest favorable responses in children, although direct comparison with adults is limited. Further research is essential to establish standardized treatment guidelines, optimize safety, and define the role of ECT within pediatric oncology and interventional radiology. A minimum reporting dataset is proposed. Key points: Question Explain the unmet need/clinical problem your study addresses. What is the current evidence regarding indications, efficacy, safety, and treatment parameters of ECT in pediatric patients? Findings Fifteen studies, including 127 children, report high response rates for tumors and VAs, but evidence is limited by small cohorts and heterogeneous reporting. Clinical relevance ECT shows promise as a minimally invasive treatment for selected pediatric tumors and VAs, but standardized protocols and large prospective studies are required before broader clinical adoption in pediatric oncology and interventional radiology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c74c49c582ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Successful repetitive treatments by electrochemotherapy of multiple unresectable Kaposi sarcoma nodules", "authors": "Garbay et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.07.005", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Most of the tumours treated by electrochemotherapy are cutaneous malignant melanoma nodules, breast cancer recurrences, or basal cell carcinomas.1–4 However, the bases of the electrochemotherapy are such that similar responses are expected for the treatment of any cutaneous or subcutaneous tumour.5 Experience on sarcomas is still very limited. We report here a case of complete clinical response obtained in a patient presenting multiple unresectable Kaposi sarcoma nodules of various sizes treated by electrochemotherapy. 2. Case report In 1984, a 46-year-old Caribbean patient presented with a HIVnegative cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma with confluent nodules located on the legs and severe regional lymphoedema. Chemotherapy with vinblastin sulphate (7.5–10 mg/week) was performed from June 1984 to December 1984, with a total dose of 155 mg. Radiotherapy (41 Gy) on both legs was then performed with a boost on a large nodule located on the left poplitear region.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-d9b43f468585", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Successful Treatment of Penile Kaposi's Sarcoma with Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Curatolo et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Dermatol Surg", "doi": "10.1111/j.1524-4725.2008.34157.x", "pmid": "18384620", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "[No abstract available]", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-830d29c26839", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy-induced virus disappearance in HHV-8-positive skin nodules of Kaposi sarcoma: first histological and immunohistochemical demonstration of efficacy", "authors": "Gualdi et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03395.x", "pmid": "19778362", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 239 Figure 1 Annular and erythematous papules localized on the tibial region (a) and complete resolution of the granuloma annulare lesions after only 2 weeks of topiramate discontinuation (b). In summary, we report for the first time a case of spontaneous and rapid resolution of GA following discontinuation of topiramate. Although the temporal relationship between drug discontinuation and skin resolution is evident, further studies and epidemiological data are necessary to support our clinical observation. Based on the T-cell subpopulations identified in GA lesions,10 we hypothesize that a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to topiramate was the involved pathogenetic factor. M Ruzzetti,†,* R Saraceno,† K Peris,‡ S Chimenti† † Department of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy, and ‡Department of Dermatology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy *Correspondence: M Ruzzetti.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-f4e244397e5e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma cutaneous lesions: a two-center prospective phase II trial", "authors": "Curatolo et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-011-1860-7", "pmid": "21822561", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an emerging treatment for cutaneous lesions of different tumor types. The combination of chemotherapy and electroporation enhances drug uptake into tumoral cells. However, its role in the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) has not yet been well defined, and to date, literature…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-23c7acf553d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for primary skin cancer and skin metastasis related to other malignancies", "authors": "Reinhold", "year": 2011, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/CAD.0b013e32834618da", "pmid": "21505321", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an effective local tumor ablation modality in the treatment of solid cancers. Its use combines the administration of nonpermeable or poorly permeable highly intrinsic cytotoxic drugs with the application of short and intense electric pulses to the tumors to facilitate the drug delivery into the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b9aeb81c116c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effective treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma by electrochemotherapy and intravenous bleomycin administration", "authors": "Latini et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01437.x", "pmid": "22741941", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The present prospective study was aimed at evaluating the long-term efficacy of local electrochemotherapy (ECT) with the intravenous administration of bleomycin, on disease progression and viral activity in classic Kaposi's sarcoma (cKS), a vascular tumor related to human herpes virus-8 infection. Eighteen patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5cd9438be943", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as new standard of care treatment for cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma", "authors": "Di Monta et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2013.09.002", "pmid": "24075826", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel modality for the treatment of skin nodules and cutaneous or subcutaneous tumors that allows delivery of low and non-permeant drug into cells. The aim of this prospective single-center study was to evaluate ECT efficacy in the local treatment of Classic Kaposi's sarcoma…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f8fd536d5209", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effect of electrochemotherapy on human herpesvirus 8 kinetics in classic Kaposi sarcoma", "authors": "Starita et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Infect Agent Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s13027-017-0147-4", "pmid": "28649271", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has shown to be an effective treatment for cutaneous and subcutaneous Kaposi sarcoma (KS) lesions. However, no study has investigated the impact of ECT treatment on the kinetics of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8), which is considered the necessary causal agent of KS. We aimed to evaluate HHV8 viral load and expression levels in patients affected by classic KS who received one or more ECT treatments and have been followed semi annually for up to four years. Methods: A total of 27 classic KS patients were enrolled in this study. Tumour biopsies and blood samples were obtained before ECT treatment. Additional blood samples were collected at six month intervals for 12-48 months. HHV8 viral load and expression profiles of latent (ORF72 and ORF73) and lytic (K2, K8, K8.1, K10/K10.1, K10.5/K10.6 and ORF16) genes were assessed in all samples by real-time PCR. HHV8 ORF26 and K1 regions were amplified and subjected to direct nucleotide sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis for variant identification. Results: All KS biopsies and 46.4% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected before ECT treatment were positive for HHV8 DNA. Viral load ranged from 0.02 to 2.3 copies per cell in KS lesions and 3.0 × 10 -7 to 6.9 × 10 -4 copies per cell in PBMCs. Overall, latent ORF72 and ORF73 as well as lytic K2, K8 and K10/K10.1 were expressed in all KS biopsies. ORF16 mRNA was detected in 71.4% and both K8.1 and K10.5/K10.6 mRNAs in 57.1% of KS samples. The ORF72, ORF73 and K2 transcripts were amplified in 37.5%, 25% and 25% of PBMCs collected before ECT, respectively. After the first ECT session, complete response was achieved in 20 out of 27 (74.1%) patients and HHV8 DNA was detected in four out of 27 (14.8%) PBMC samples at six month follow up. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF26 amplimers showed that most viral variants belonged to A/C (82.3%), and few to C2 (5.9%) or C3 (11.8%) subtype. The K1/VR1 variants fell into A (33.3%) and C (66.7%) HHV8 clade. No correlation was found between HHV8 subtypes and ECT complete response. Conclusions: ECT therapy has a significant effect on HHV8 kinetics in patients with classic KS. The complete remission of patients was accompanied by clearance of circulating virus.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6558fd3ea0d8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Diagnosis and treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline (EDF/EADO/EORTC)", "authors": "Lebbe et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2018.12.036", "pmid": "31096150", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal neoplasm of lymphatic endothelium-derived cells infected with human herpesvirus 8. Four clinical subtypes are distinguished: the classic, the endemic, the epidemic subtype in HIV positive patients and the iatrogenic subtype. The diagnosis is primarily based on clinical features…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "indexTypes": [ "Practice Guideline" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9d617fcc538d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Efficacy of Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Cutaneous Melanoma Metastases and Rare Non-melanoma Skin Cancer", "authors": "Borgognoni et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.14670", "pmid": "33109587", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: We aimed to verify the clinical efficacy and safety of the electrochemotherapy in melanoma metastases and in cases of rare non-melanoma tumors that were difficult to treat for the specific anatomical site or for patient comorbidities. Patients and methods: We treated 68 patients (699 cutaneous nodules), 44…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fe7b6fa4c64b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Cryotherapy, Imiquimod, and Electrochemotherapy Are Effective Options for Kaposi Sarcoma: A Call for Standardization to Allow for Comparisons and Informed Decisions", "authors": "Curatolo et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Cutan Med Surg", "doi": "10.1177/1203475419893302", "pmid": "32208013", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-c4578bcfb887", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Kaposi sarcoma A systematic review", "authors": "Ferioli et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Mol Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.3892/mco.2021.2226", "pmid": "33680455", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a rare angioproliferative disorder, which is usually associated with human herpesvirus-8 infection. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) may be an option in the treatment of KS skin lesions due to the high response rate noted in neoplastic lesions of different histological types. The aim of the present…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a6acd2cc73e7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Cutaneous and subcutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma lesions treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Lalanda et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Int J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/ijd.16261", "pmid": "35556245", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a locally aggressive mesenchymal tumor that involves the lymphovascular system, with a tendency to become multifocal. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is considered a valuable treatment option in selected patients with cutaneous and subcutaneous KS lesions. Methods: We…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d70e3717d999", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in analgosedation for patients with reduced ability to receive general anesthesia", "authors": "Pfefferle et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.14855", "pmid": "36075873", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-4b710264d938", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy under analgosedation - Case report of a patient with Kaposi's sarcoma", "authors": "Pfefferle et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.18518", "pmid": "35972805", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is becoming increasingly important in the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours of various entities in the palliative setting. Using needle electrodes of different shapes and sizes, which are used to penetrate the tumour, an electrical voltage field is generated within the lesions. This briefly increases the permeability of the cell membrane to i.v. or intratumorally applied agents like bleomycin and thus leads to targeted cell damage –­even with very small amounts of chemotherapeutic agent.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-a6115cfbdbde", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Kaposi’s Sarcoma: A Single\nCentre Cohort Study and a Comparison with the Literature Data", "authors": "Savoia et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "COSCI", "doi": "10.2174/2666779701666210805100043", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a tumor of endothelial derivation, which primarily affects the skin and is mainly related to the type 8 Human Herpesvirus (HHV8). Its onset is favored by immunosuppression, although the most common form is the classic or spo-radic KS mainly developing in elderly men of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a5c64a43e1f9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Koebner Phenomenon in Kaposi's Sarcoma A Large Single-Center Case Series and Review of Current Knowledge", "authors": "Brambilla et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Cutan Med Surg", "doi": "10.1177/12034754221149658", "pmid": "36653951", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: occasional case reports have described the appearance of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) on previously unaffected skin after incidental or accidental injury, but the association is probably under-reported. Objectives: to present a large case series of patients suffering from Koebner phenomenon (KP) in KS and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dd15e9868741", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin as an effective local treatment for Kaposi's sarcoma: a case report", "authors": "Niccolò et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/cad.0000000000001427", "pmid": "36730383", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "An elderly female patient with a long-standing history of Kaposi's sarcoma of the lower limbs was referred to the Surgical Department after the subsequential failure of multiple lines of systemic chemotherapy. The patient was also complaining of increasing symptoms including intractable pruritus, which negatively…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-790f1ad2d902", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Kaposi's Sarcoma Patients: From the Gold Standard Strategy to Locally Advanced Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Lesions", "authors": "Rullo et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16071295", "pmid": "38610972", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the newest therapeutic strategies employed as a medical procedure for skin neoplasms' treatment, especially for classic Kaposi's sarcoma (CKS). The aim of this study was to demonstrate ECT clinical response and the local control of CKS disease. The primary endpoint was to value the worth and efficacy of this local therapy in CKS skin lesions' treatment. In total, 19 CKS patients were enrolled, 14 males and 5 females with median age at diagnosis of 72. Complete response (CR) has been gained in 12 patients after first ECT attempt; meanwhile, 3 and 4 out of 19 patients obtained a partial response (PR), so they underwent a second and third ECT treatment, respectively. Clinical response was evaluated during the entire timeframe of the follow-up, which ranged between 3 months and 4 years with a median of 18 months. The control of CKS skin lesions still represents a challenge for surgeons and oncologists. Nevertheless, according to this and other authors' recent experiences, ECT could be considered the gold standard strategy for early-stage patients, but at the same time it could be considered as a valid option in controlling Kaposi's sarcoma locally advanced lesions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-2652d125f6", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:rullo", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.20944/preprints" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-82939c889c04", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Kaposi’s Sarcoma Patients. From the Gold Standard Strategy to Locally Advanced Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Lesions", "authors": "Rullo et al", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202401.1904.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the newest therapeutic strategies employed as medical procedure for skin neoplasms’ treatment, especially for Classic Kaposi’s Sarcoma (CKS). The aim of this study was to demonstrate ECT clinical response and local control of CKS disease. Primary endpoint was to value the worth and efficacy of this local therapy in CKS skin lesions’ treatment. Nineteen CKS patients were enrolled, 14 males and 5 females with median age at diagnosis of 72. Complete response (CR) has been gained in 12 patients after first ECT attempt, meanwhile 3 and 4 out of 19 patients obtained a Partial response (PR), so that they underwent to a second and a third ECT treatment, each other. Clinical response was evaluated during all the time of the follow-up, which ranged between 3 months and 4 years with a median of 18 months. CKS skin lesions control still represents a challenge for surgeons and oncologists. Nevertheless, according to this and other authors’ recent experiences, ECT could be considered the gold standard strategy for early-stage patients, but at the same time it could be considered as a valid option in controlling Kaposi’s Sarcoma locally advanced lesions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-2652d125f6", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:rullo", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.20944/preprints" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c0ce9d6c739e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Simply the (B)EST: what the interventionalist needs to know about (bleomycin) electrosclerotherapy for vascular anomalies", "authors": "Ognard et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-025-12077-z", "pmid": "41128761", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Vascular anomalies (VAs) require specialized multidisciplinary management. Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (B)EST combines electroporation with intralesional bleomycin to enhance drug uptake while preserving surrounding tissue. Its role in treating VAs remains largely unexplored. Objective: This systematic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-175d36bc1285", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Corrigendum to \"Electrochemotherapy for cutaneous Kaposi Sarcoma: a European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices of electrochemotherapy (InspECT)\" [Eur J Surg Oncol 51:8 (2025) 110099]", "authors": "Quaglino et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110187", "pmid": "40447546", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology 51 (2025) 110187 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect European Journal of Surgical Oncology journal homepage: www.ejso.com Corrigendum to “Electrochemotherapy for cutaneous Kaposi Sarcoma: a European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices of electrochemotherapy (InspECT)” [Eur J Surg Oncol 51:8 (2025) 110099] Pietro Quaglino a,* , Matteo Brizio a , Giulia Bertino b, Erika Kis c , Matteo Mascherini d, Michela Battista e , Christian Kunte f, David Mowatt g , Francesco Russano h , Roberto Giorgione i , A. James P.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-955d42f79b85", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kaposi Sarkomu", "applicationSlug": "kaposi-sarkomu", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for cutaneous Kaposi Sarcoma: A European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices of electrochemotherapy (InspECT)", "authors": "Quaglino et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110099", "pmid": "40347711", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a cancer of endothelial cells involving the skin and visceral organs. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an alternative treatment option for patients with cutaneous malignancies of skin and non-skin origin not suitable for conventional treatments. ECT exerts anti-tumour activity through…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-51a514867d1e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "In vivo antitumor effects of electrochemotherapy in a hepatoma model", "authors": "Jaroszeski et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Biochim Biophys Acta", "doi": "10.1016/S0304-4165(96)00147-X", "pmid": "9042359", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The use of in vivo electroporation in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent (electrochemotherapy) for the treatment of liver tumors was examined. Induced rat hepatomas were treated with a 0.5 unit intratumor bleomycin dose followed by rectangular direct current pulses. Six pulses were administered during treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7ba27e154997", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer by electrochemotherapy: An experimental study in the rat", "authors": "Chazal et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/S0039-6060(98)70100-X", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background Electrochemotherapy, which consist of local or systemic administration of a cytotoxic agent followed by application of electric pulses to a tumor, has proved effective for various types of tumors in animals and for cutaneous and head and neck cancers in human beings. This is the first study to investigate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a9158cf7455e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy on liver tumours in rabbits", "authors": "Ramirez et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/bjc.1998.354", "pmid": "9649121", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new therapeutic approach combining the effects of a low-permeant cytotoxic drug, bleomycin (BLM), administered i.v. and cell-permeabilizing electric pulses (EPs) locally delivered to tumours. The transient permeabilization of the cell membrane by the EPs allows free access of BLM to its intracellular targets, largely enhancing BLM's cytotoxic effects. ECT efficacy has been proved so far on transplanted subcutaneous murine tumours and on subcutaneous metastases in humans. Here, we present the first study of the effects of ECT on tumours transplanted to livers in rabbits. We used a recently developed EP applicator consisting of an array of parallel and equidistant needles to be inserted in tissues. Effects of EPs alone or of ECT were assessed by histological analysis, tumour growth rates and survival of the treated animals. A transient blood hypoperfusion was seen in the electropulsed areas, with or without BLM, related to EP-dependent vasoconstriction but this had no major effects on cell survival. Long-term effects depended on the presence of BLM at the time of EP delivery. Almost complete tumour necrosis was observed after ECT, resulting from both BLM direct cytotoxic effects on electropermeabilized tumour cells and indirect effects on the tumour vessels. A large reduction in tumour growth rate and significantly longer survival times were scored in comparison with control rabbits. Moreover, ECT of liver tumours was well tolerated and devoid of systemic side-effects. When ECT was associated with a local interleukin 2-based immunotherapy, increased local anti-tumour effectiveness as well as a large decrease in the number of metastases were observed. Thus, ECT could become a novel treatment modality for liver tumours and other solid internal malignancies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c816532c07b9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effects of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin on normal liver tissue in a rat model", "authors": "Jaroszeski et al", "year": 2001, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/S0959-8049(00)00407-X", "pmid": "11239765", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Preliminary studies that used electric pulses in vivo to facilitate entry of chemotherapeutic agents into tumour cells resulted in a 69% complete response rate for hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. This success motivated a focused investigation to define the adverse effects of this treatment on normal liver tissue…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Metin katmanı bozuk; ilk sayfa görsel olarak doğrulandı", "ocrFlag": true, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b9727cec487", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rat model using electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Jaroszeski et al", "year": 2001, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/S0959-8049(00)00412-3", "pmid": "11239766", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The effectiveness of antineoplastic agents has been augmented by applying pulsed electric fields directly to tumours after the administration of the drug. This treatment, known as electrochemotherapy (ECT), has been successful for cutaneous malignancies in animal models and in recent clinical trials. This study was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Metin katmanı bozuk; ilk sayfa görsel olarak doğrulandı", "ocrFlag": true, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9e3eb2566303", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Strength-Duration Curve for an Electrically Excitable Tissue Extended Down to Near 1 Nanosecond", "authors": "Rogers et al", "year": 2004, "journal": "IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.", "doi": "10.1109/TPS.2004.831758", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "As part of a health and safety assessment of ultrawideband sources, it was useful to determine stimulation thresholds for an electrically excitable tissue down into the low nanosecond range. Stimulation thresholds were measured using gastrocnemius muscles isolated from 16 frogs (Rana sp.). Single pulses were delivered…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f85c93e71174", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for rat implanted liver tumour", "authors": "SHAO et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Chinese Medical Journal", "doi": "10.1097/00029330-200604020-00015", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "The most common interventional therapies for liver cancer at present include transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE),1 percutaneous ethanol injection2 and radiofrequency ablation,3 but all these therapies have some intrinsic disadvantages. Since the advent of electrochemotherapy (EChT), it has been…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0f3f739703ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficiency of high- and low-voltage pulse combinations for gene electrotransfer in muscle, liver, tumor, and skin", "authors": "André et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Hum Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1089/hum.2008.060", "pmid": "19866490", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer is gaining momentum as an efficient methodology for nonviral gene transfer. In skeletal muscle, data suggest that electric pulses play two roles: structurally permeabilizing the muscle fibers and electrophoretically supporting the migration of DNA toward or across the permeabilized membrane. To…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-061b395a0ae4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "In vivo silencing of a molecular target by short interfering RNA electroporation: tumor vascularization correlates to delivery efficiency", "authors": "Takei et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Mol Cancer Ther", "doi": "10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-0319", "pmid": "18202023", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Screening for a molecular target for cancer therapy requires multiple steps, of which an important one is evaluation of the knockdown effect of the target molecule on pregrown xenograft tumors. However, methods currently used for local administration of knockdown reagents, such as short interfering RNA (siRNA), are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-19f61689166e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy A New Technological Approach in Treatment of Metastases in the Liver", "authors": "Edhemovic et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrt.2012.500224", "pmid": "21895032", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is now in development for treatment of deep-seated tumors, like in bones and internal organs, such as liver. The technology is available with a newly developed electric pulse generator and long needle electrodes; however the procedures for the treatment are not standardized yet. In order to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0ecc7f1354f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intrahepatic radiofrequency ablation versus electrochemical treatment in vivo", "authors": "Czymek et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.suronc.2010.10.007", "pmid": "21115239", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and electrochemical treatment (ECT) are two methods of local liver tumour ablation. The objective of this study was to compare these methods when applied in proximity to vessels in vivo. Methods: In a total of ten laparotomised pigs, we used ECT (Group A, four animals) and RFA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c58eca756bf9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation-Mediated Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization in the Rabbit VX2 Liver Tumor Model", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Invest Radiol", "doi": "10.1097/RLI.0b013e31822e57cc", "pmid": "21934518", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Rationale and objectives: Electropermeabilization involves the application of electrical pulses to increase cell membrane permeability. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the potential to use electroporation-mediated transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (E-TACE) approaches to increase liver tumor drug…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cb0821db07db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ex vivo and in silico feasibility study of monitoring electric field distribution in tissue during electroporation based treatments", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0045737", "pmid": "23029212", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) was recently proposed for determining electric field distribution during electroporation in which cell membrane permeability is temporary increased by application of an external high electric field. The method was already successfully applied for reconstruction of electric field distribution in agar phantoms. Before the next step towards in vivo experiments is taken, monitoring of electric field distribution during electroporation of ex vivo tissue ex vivo and feasibility for its use in electroporation based treatments needed to be evaluated. Sequences of high voltage pulses were applied to chicken liver tissue in order to expose it to electric field which was measured by means of MREIT. MREIT was also evaluated for its use in electroporation based treatments by calculating electric field distribution for two regions, the tumor and the tumor-liver region, in a numerical model based on data obtained from clinical study on electrochemotherapy treatment of deep-seated tumors. Electric field distribution inside tissue was successfully measured ex vivo using MREIT and significant changes of tissue electrical conductivity were observed in the region of the highest electric field. A good agreement was obtained between the electric field distribution obtained by MREIT and the actual electric field distribution in evaluated regions of a numerical model, suggesting that implementation of MREIT could thus enable efficient detection of areas with insufficient electric field coverage during electroporation based treatments, thus assuring the effectiveness of the treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7efa87644b17", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation-based treatment planning for deep-seated tumors based on automatic liver segmentation of MRI images", "authors": "Pavliha et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0069068", "pmid": "23936315", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is the phenomenon that occurs when a cell is exposed to a high electric field, which causes transient cell membrane permeabilization. A paramount electroporation-based application is electrochemotherapy, which is performed by delivering high-voltage electric pulses that enable the chemotherapeutic drug to more effectively destroy the tumor cells. Electrochemotherapy can be used for treating deep-seated metastases (e.g. in the liver, bone, brain, soft tissue) using variable-geometry long-needle electrodes. To treat deep-seated tumors, patient-specific treatment planning of the electroporation-based treatment is required. Treatment planning is based on generating a 3D model of the organ and target tissue subject to electroporation (i.e. tumor nodules). The generation of the 3D model is done by segmentation algorithms. We implemented and evaluated three automatic liver segmentation algorithms: region growing, adaptive threshold, and active contours (snakes). The algorithms were optimized using a seven-case dataset manually segmented by the radiologist as a training set, and finally validated using an additional four-case dataset that was previously not included in the optimization dataset. The presented results demonstrate that patient's medical images that were not included in the training set can be successfully segmented using our three algorithms. Besides electroporation-based treatments, these algorithms can be used in applications where automatic liver segmentation is required.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-934ed578a36a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Development and characterization of an enhanced nonviral expression vector for electroporation cancer treatment", "authors": "Forde et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev", "doi": "10.1038/mtm.2014.12", "pmid": "26015957", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Nonviral plasmid DNA gene therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of many diseases including cancer. Intracellular delivery of DNA can be achieved with the application of electroporation, which facilitates the initial transport of exogenous DNA across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm. However, it…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2135a4ad9022", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Doxorubicin delivery enhanced by electroporation to gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma cells with P-gp overexpression", "authors": "Kulbacka et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2014.03.013", "pmid": "24767854", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) can effectively support the penetration of macromolecules from the extracellular space into cells. Electropores induced by the influence of electromagnetic field generate additional paths of transport for macromolecules. The aim of this study was evaluation of the electroporation effect on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-468d94cd4ee6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Segmentation of hepatic vessels from MRI images for planning of electroporation-based treatments in the liver", "authors": "Marcan et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2014-0022", "pmid": "25177241", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Electroporation-based treatments rely on increasing the permeability of the cell membrane by high voltage electric pulses delivered to tissue via electrodes. To ensure that the whole tumor is covered by the sufficiently high electric field, accurate numerical models are built based on individual patient…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c33d38ce6e21", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases--an observational study of its effects on the electrocardiogram", "authors": "Mali et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-14-s3-s5", "pmid": "26356120", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a combined treatment in which high voltage electroporation (EP) pulses are used to facilitate the uptake of a chemotherapeutic drug into tumor cells, thus increasing antitumor effectiveness of the drug. The effect of ECT of deep-seated tumors located close to the heart on functioning of the heart has not been previously investigated. In this study, we investigate the effects of intra-abdominal ECT of colorectal liver metastases on functioning of the heart during the early post-operative care period. Methods: For ECT high voltage EP pulses with amplitudes of up to 3000 V and 30 A were delivered in synchronization with electrical activity of the heart. Holter electrocardiographic (ECG) signals were obtained from 10 patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with ECT. ECG was recorded during the periods of 24 hours before and after the surgical procedure involving ECT. Four-hour long night-time ECG segments from both periods exhibiting the highest level of signal stationarity were analyzed and compared. Changes in several ECG and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were evaluated. Results: No major heart rhythm changes (i.e., induction of extrasystoles, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation) or pathological morphological changes (i.e., ST segment changes) indicating myocardial ischemia were found. However, we found several minor statistically significant but clinically irrelevant changes in HRV parameters after ECT procedures: a decrease in median values of the mean NN interval, a decrease in the low-frequency and in the normalized low-frequency component, and an increase in the normalized high-frequency component. Conclusions: Only minor effects of intra-abdominal ECT treatment on functioning of the heart were found. They were expressed as statistically significant but clinically irrelevant changes in heart rate and long-term HRV parameters and were as such not life-threatening to the patients. The nature of these changes is such that they can be attributed to the known effects of the drugs given to the patients in the post-operative care. Further investigation is still warranted to unambiguously resolve whether ECT with high voltage EP pulses applied in immediate vicinity of the heart is responsible for the observed effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-05cdf5eeff47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effect of Blood Vessel Segmentation on the Outcome of Electroporation-Based Treatments of Liver Tumors", "authors": "Marčan et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0125591", "pmid": "25941806", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based treatments rely on increasing the permeability of the cell membrane by high voltage electric pulses applied to tissue via electrodes. To ensure that the whole tumor is covered with sufficiently high electric field, accurate numerical models are built based on individual patient anatomy. Extraction of patient's anatomy through segmentation of medical images inevitably produces some errors. In order to ensure the robustness of treatment planning, it is necessary to evaluate the potential effect of such errors on the electric field distribution. In this work we focus on determining the effect of errors in automatic segmentation of hepatic vessels on the electric field distribution in electroporation-based treatments in the liver. First, a numerical analysis was performed on a simple 'sphere and cylinder' model for tumors and vessels of different sizes and relative positions. Second, an analysis of two models extracted from medical images of real patients in which we introduced variations of an error of the automatic vessel segmentation method was performed. The results obtained from a simple model indicate that ignoring the vessels when calculating the electric field distribution can cause insufficient coverage of the tumor with electric fields. Results of this study indicate that this effect happens for small (10 mm) and medium-sized (30 mm) tumors, especially in the absence of a central electrode inserted in the tumor. The results obtained from the real-case models also show higher negative impact of automatic vessel segmentation errors on the electric field distribution when the central electrode is absent. However, the average error of the automatic vessel segmentation did not have an impact on the electric field distribution if the central electrode was present. This suggests the algorithm is robust enough to be used in creating a model for treatment parameter optimization, but with a central electrode.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-10ee0f02cb8b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nanoelectroablation of Murine Tumors Triggers a CD8-Dependent Inhibition of Secondary Tumor Growth", "authors": "Nuccitelli et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0134364", "pmid": "26231031", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "We have used both a rat orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma model and a mouse allograft tumor model to study liver tumor ablation with nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF). We confirm that nsPEF treatment triggers apoptosis in rat liver tumor cells as indicated by the appearance of cleaved caspase 3 and 9 within two hours after treatment. Furthermore we provide evidence that nsPEF treatment leads to the translocation of calreticulin (CRT) to the cell surface which is considered a damage-associated molecular pattern indicative of immunogenic cell death. We provide direct evidence that nanoelectroablation triggers a CD8-dependent inhibition of secondary tumor growth by comparing the growth rate of secondary orthotopic liver tumors in nsPEF-treated rats with that in nsPEF-treated rats depleted of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells. The growth of these secondary tumors was severely inhibited as compared to tumor growth in CD8-depleated rats, with their average size only 3% of the primary tumor size after the same one-week growth period. In contrast, when we depleted CD8+ T-cells the second tumor grew more robustly, reaching 54% of the size of the first tumor. In addition, we demonstrate with immunohistochemistry that CD8+ T-cells are highly enriched in the secondary tumors exhibiting slow growth. We also showed that vaccinating mice with nsPEF-treated isogenic tumor cells stimulates an immune response that inhibits the growth of secondary tumors in a CD8+-dependent manner. We conclude that nanoelectroablation triggers the production of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells resulting in the inhibition of secondary tumor growth.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-08161e8ffc93", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Synergistic Combination of Electrolysis and Electroporation for Tissue Ablation", "authors": "Stehling et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0148317", "pmid": "26866693", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "Electrolysis, electrochemotherapy with reversible electroporation, nanosecond pulsed electric fields and irreversible electroporation are valuable non-thermal electricity based tissue ablation technologies. This paper reports results from the first large animal study of a new non-thermal tissue ablation technology that employs \"Synergistic electrolysis and electroporation\" (SEE). The goal of this pre-clinical study is to expand on earlier studies with small animals and use the pig liver to establish SEE treatment parameters of clinical utility. We examined two SEE methods. One of the methods employs multiple electrochemotherapy-type reversible electroporation magnitude pulses, designed in such a way that the charge delivered during the electroporation pulses generates the electrolytic products. The second SEE method combines the delivery of a small number of electrochemotherapy magnitude electroporation pulses with a low voltage electrolysis generating DC current in three different ways. We show that both methods can produce lesion with dimensions of clinical utility, without the need to inject drugs as in electrochemotherapy, faster than with conventional electrolysis and with lower electric fields than irreversible electroporation and nanosecond pulsed ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-de88ec223752", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "P.01.8 PERCUTANEOUS ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY OF MALIGNANT MAIN PORTAL VEINS THROMBOSIS: A PROSPECTIVE CASE SERIES", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Digestive and Liver Disease", "doi": "10.1016/S1590-8658(16)30156-6", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-9f0d9ac2236e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Electrochemotherapy of Malignant Main Portal Veins Thrombosis A Prospective Case Series", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Journal of Hepatology", "doi": "10.1016/S0168-8278(16)01331-3", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-7c8d52bd64", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:tarantino", "yil-farki:0" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-bde125c588dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous electrochemotherapy of malignant main portal veins thrombosis A prospective case series", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Digestive and Liver Disease", "doi": "10.1016/j.dld.2015.12.096", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-7c8d52bd64", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:tarantino", "yil-farki:0" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-7cff55357ba0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases: A pilot study", "authors": "Coletti et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.06.033", "pmid": "28624558", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Electrochemotherapy is a novel ablation technique combining chemotherapeutic agents with reversible cell membrane electroporation. Previous experiences have shown its efficacy for cutaneous tumors. Its application for deep-seated malignancies is under investigation. We performed a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4c8762f60239", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Liver Tumors Colorectal Liver Metastasis", "authors": "Edhemovic et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_98", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local treatment modality of malignant tumors. It uses electroporation which significantly increases the concentration of bleomycin or cisplatin in cells and thereby also their cytotoxicity. ECT is currently mostly used for the treatment of the cutaneous tumors, predominantly for melanoma…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-358fec4fa61e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Histopathological findings in colorectal liver metastases after electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Gasljevic et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0180709", "pmid": "28686650", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases has been proven to be feasible, safe and effective in a phase I/II study. In that study, a specific group of patients underwent two-stage operation, and the detailed histopathological evaluation of the resected tumors is presented here. Regressive changes in electrochemotherapy-treated liver metastases were evaluated after the second operation (in 8-10 weeks) in 7 patients and 13 metastases when the treated metastases were resected. Macroscopic and microscopic changes were analyzed. Electrochemotherapy induced coagulation necrosis in the treated area encompassing both tumor and a narrow band of normal tissue. The area became necrotic, encapsulated in a fibrous envelope while preserving the functionality of most of the vessels larger than 5 mm in diameter and a large proportion of biliary structures, but the smaller blood vessels displayed various levels of damage. At the time of observation, 8-10 weeks after electrochemotherapy, regenerative changes were already seen in the peripheral parts of the treated area. This study demonstrates regressive changes in the whole electrochemotherapy-treated area of the liver. Further evidence of disruption of vessels less than 5 mm in diameter and preservation of the larger vessels by electrochemotherapy is provided. These findings are important because electrochemotherapy has been indicated for the therapy of metastases near major blood vessels in the liver to provide a safe approach with good antitumor efficacy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e74a6741c641", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Primary Liver Tumors", "authors": "Trotovšek et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_99", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Incidence of primary liver cancer (PLC) is rising across the world. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common (90%) and together with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma represents more than 98.5% of all PLC. Despite being one of the commonest causes of cancer-related death around the world, less than 20% of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-57d4e798e996", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ultrasonographic changes in the liver tumors as indicators of adequate tumor coverage with electric field for effective electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Boc et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2018-0041", "pmid": "30352044", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background The aim of the study was to characterize ultrasonographic (US) findings during and after electrochem-otherapy of liver tumors to determine the actual ablation zone and to verify the coverage of the treated tumor with a sufficiently strong electric field for effective electrochemotherapy. Patients and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a713f45c5fb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma, a prospective pilot study", "authors": "Djokic et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.01.090", "pmid": "29402556", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Electrochemotherapy provides non-thermal ablation of cutaneous as well as deep seated tumors. Based on positive results of the treatment of colorectal liver metastases, we conducted a prospective pilot study on hepatocellular carcinomas with the aim of testing the feasibility, safety and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-180da3150f95", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nano-Pulse Stimulation Ablates Orthotopic Rat Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Induces Innate and Adaptive Memory Immune Mechanisms that Prevent Recurrence", "authors": "Lassiter et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers10030069", "pmid": "29533981", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Nano-pulse stimulation (NPS), previously called nsPEFs, induced a vaccine-like effect after ablation of orthotopic N1-S1 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), protecting rats from subsequent challenges with N1-S1 cells. To determine immunity, immune cell phenotypes were analyzed in naïve, treated and protected rats. NPS provides a positive, post-ablation immuno-therapeutic outcome by alleviating immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Treg) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), allowing dendritic cell influx and inducing dynamic changes in natural killer cells (NKs), NKT-cells and T-lymphocytes in blood, spleen and liver. NPS induced specific increases in NKs and NKT-cells expressing CD8 and activation receptors CD314-NKG2D and CD161 (NK1.1) in the TME after treatment, as well as some variable changes in CD4+ and CD8+ effector (Tem) and central memory (Tem) lymphocytes in blood and spleen. After orthotopic challenge, CD8+ T-cells were cytotoxic, inducing apoptosis in N1-S1 cells; additionally, in contrast to post-treatment immune responses, CD4+ and CD8+ memory precursor effector cells (MPECs) and short-lived effector cells (SLECs) were present, while still including CD8+ CD161 NK cells, but not involving CD8+ CD314-NKG2D+ NKs. This immunity was N1-S1-specific and was sustained for at least 8 months. NPS vaccinates rats in vivo against HCC by activating innate and adaptive immune memory mechanisms that prevent HCC recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ade7113909fa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Time-Dependent Finite Element Analysis of In Vivo Electrochemotherapy Treatment", "authors": "Pintar et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818790510", "pmid": "30089424", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy and irreversible electroporation are gaining importance in clinical practice for the treatment of solid tumors. For successful treatment, it is extremely important that the coverage and exposure time of the treated tumor to the electric field are within the specified range. In order to ensure…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9b7fa2eb8dda", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Radiological findings of porcine liver after electrochemotherapy with bleomycin", "authors": "Brloznik et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2019-0049", "pmid": "31600140", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background Radiologic findings after electrochemotherapy of large hepatic blood vessels and healthy hepatic parenchyma have not yet been described. Materials and methods We performed a prospective animal model study with regulatory approval, including nine grower pigs. In each animal, four ultrasound-guided…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c08366b62ea6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multimodal image-guided electrochemotherapy of unresectable liver metastasis from renal cell cancer", "authors": "Cornelis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Diagn Interv Imaging", "doi": "10.1016/j.diii.2019.01.001", "pmid": "30691970", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-1e22b0463a06", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The combination of electroporation and electrolysis (E2) employing different electrode arrays for ablation of large tissue volumes", "authors": "Klein", "year": 2019, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0221393", "pmid": "31437212", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: The combination of electroporation with electrolysis (E2) has previously been introduced as a novel tissue ablation technique. E2 allows the utilization of a wide parameter range and may therefore be a suitable technology for development of tissue-specific application protocols. Previous studies have implied that it is possible to achieve big lesions in liver in a very short time. The goal of this study was to test a variety of electrode configurations for the E2 application to ablate large tissue volumes. Materials and methods: 27 lesions were performed in healthy porcine liver of five female pigs. Four, two and bipolar electrode-arrays were used to deliver various E2 treatment protocols. Liver was harvested approx. 20h after treatment and examined with H&E and Masson's trichrome staining, and via TUNEL staining for selective specimen. Results: All animals survived the treatments without complications. With four electrodes, a lesion of up to 35x35x35mm volume can be achieved in less than 30s. The prototype bipolar electrode created lesions of 50x18x18mm volume in less than 10s. Parameters for two-electrode ablations with large exposures encompassing large veins were found to be good in terms of vessel preservation, but not optimal to reliably close the gap between the electrodes. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the ability to produce large lesions in liver within seconds at lower limits of the E2 parameter space at different electrode configurations. The applicability of E2 for single electrode ablations was demonstrated with bipolar electrodes. Parameters for large 4-electrode ablation volumes were found suitable, while parameters for two electrodes still need optimization. However, since the parameter space of E2 is large, it is possible that for all electrode geometries optimal waveforms and application protocols for specific tissues will emerge with continuing research.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-78692df8757c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablative Treatment of Hepatic Recurrence of Lung Cancer Using Electrochemotherapy A Case Report", "authors": "Pacella et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Interv Med Clin Imaging", "doi": "10.31038/imci.2019214", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a locally enhanced chemotherapy that combines the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs with welldosed electric pulses for cell membrane Electroporation (EP).As opposed to thermal ablation, cell death with ECT is primarily induced using electrical energy: electrical pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-664e132007a5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Prospective Phase II Study Evaluating Intraoperative Electrochemotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Djokic et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12123778", "pmid": "33333941", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The aim of this clinical study was to investigate the effectiveness and long-term safety of electrochemotherapy as an emerging treatment for HCC in patients not suitable for other treatment options. A prospective phase II clinical study was conducted in patients with primary HCC who were not suitable for other treatment options according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification. A total of 24 patients with 32 tumors were treated by electrochemotherapy. The procedure was effective, feasible, and safe with some procedure-related side effects. The responses of the 32 treated nodules were: 84.4% complete response (CR), 12.5% partial response (PR), and 3.1% stable disease (SD). The treatment was equally effective for nodules located centrally and peripherally. Electrochemotherapy provided a durable response with local tumor control over 50 months of observation in 78.0% of nodules. The patient responses were: 79.2% CR and 16.6% PR. The median progression-free survival was 12 months (range 2.7-50), and the overall survival over 5 years of observation was 72.0%. This prospective phase II clinical study showed that electrochemotherapy was an effective, feasible, and safe option for treating HCC in patients not suitable for other treatment options.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-af5e0945cfa4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraoperative electrochemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases A prospective phase II study", "authors": "Edhemovic et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2020.04.037", "pmid": "32387070", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: A previous pilot study proved the feasibility, safety and efficacy of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term effectiveness and safety of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of unresectable colorectal liver…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-72b56df3a890", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Investigation of safety for electrochemotherapy and irreversible electroporation ablation therapies in patients with cardiac pacemakers", "authors": "Jarm et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/s12938-020-00827-7", "pmid": "33198769", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: The effectiveness of electrochemotherapy of tumors (ECT) and of irreversible electroporation ablation (IRE) depends on different mechanisms and delivery protocols. Both therapies exploit the phenomenon of electroporation of the cell membrane achieved by the exposure of the cells to a series of high-voltage electric pulses. Electroporation can be fine-tuned to be either reversible or irreversible, causing the cells to either survive the exposure (in ECT) or not (in IRE), respectively. For treatment of tissues located close to the heart (e.g., in the liver), the safety of electroporation-based therapies is ensured by synchronizing the electric pulses with the electrocardiogram. However, the use of ECT and IRE remains contraindicated for patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers if the treated tissues are located close to the heart or the pacemaker. In this study, two questions are addressed: can the electroporation pulses interfere with the pacemaker; and, can the metallic housing of the pacemaker modify the distribution of electric field in the tissue sufficiently to affect the effectiveness and safety of the therapy? Results: The electroporation pulses induced significant changes in the pacemaker ventricular pacing pulse only for the electroporation pulses delivered during the pacing pulse itself. No residual effects were observed on the pacing pulses following the electroporation pulses for all tested experimental conditions. The results of numerical modeling indicate that the presence of metal-encased pacemaker in immediate vicinity of the treatment zone should not impair the intended effectiveness of ECT or IRE even when the casing is in direct contact with one of the active electrodes. Nevertheless, the contact between the casing and the active electrode should be avoided due to significant tissue heating at the site of the other active electrode for the IRE protocol and may cause the pulse generator to fail to deliver the pulses due to excessive current draw. Conclusions: The observed effects of electroporation pulses delivered in close vicinity of the pacemaker or its electrodes do not indicate adverse consequences for either the function of the pacemaker or the treatment outcome. These findings should contribute to making electroporation-based treatments accessible also to patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c83d42419651", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Recent progress in pulsed electric field ablation for liver cancer", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v26.i24.3421", "pmid": "32655266", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "The number of liver cancer patients is likely to continue to increase in the coming decades due to the aging of the population and changing risk factors. Traditional treatments cannot meet the needs of all patients. New treatment methods evolved from pulsed electric field ablation are expected to lead to breakthroughs…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d12a06bcf1c7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "EView An electric field visualization web platform for electroporation-based therapies", "authors": "Perera-Bel et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Comput Methods Programs Biomed", "doi": "10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105682", "pmid": "32795723", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Electroporation is the phenomenon by which cell membrane permeability to ions and macromolecules is increased when the cell is briefly exposed to high electric fields. In electroporation-based treatments, such exposure is typically performed by delivering high voltage pulses across needle…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-61cf4883463e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Transfer of small interfering RNA by electropermeabilization in tumor spheroids", "authors": "Pelofy et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107848", "pmid": "34118554", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The ability to modulate deregulated genes by RNAi provides treatment perspectives in certain diseases including cancers. Electrotransfer of oligonucleotides was studied in vitro, showing a direct transfer of negatively charged siRNA across the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. In vivo, the feasibility of siRNA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3efccf6ce909", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Case Report: Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC Associated With Liver Electrochemotherapy in a Cholangiocarcinoma Patient With Peritoneal Carcinomatosis and Liver Metastasis Case Report", "authors": "Stefano et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Surg", "doi": "10.3389/fsurg.2021.624817", "pmid": "33816544", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary tumor of the liver, and the recurrence after hepatic resection (HR), the only curative therapy, is linked with a worse prognosis. Systemic chemotherapy (SC) and liver loco-regional treatments, like trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or radio embolization (TARE), have been employed for the treatment of unresectable intrahepatic metastasis (IM) with benefit on overall survival (OS), but SC has a limited effect on peritoneal metastasis (PM). In the last years, novel treatments like electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycine (BLM) for IM and cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS and HIPEC) for PM have been applied in small series but with encouraging results. We hereby describe the first synchronous application of ECT and CRS and HIPEC for the treatment of a patient with IM and PM from CCA. Case Description: A 47-year-old male patient with CCA underwent HR followed by adjuvant SC. After 14 months, for the occurrence of IM, the patient underwent a second HR and SC. Nonetheless, a new recurrence occurred and a third attempt of HR was proposed. Due to the intraoperative finding of unresectable IM with PM, no resective procedure was performed and the patient was referred to our center. CRS and HIPEC with cisplatin and mitomycin for PM and ECT with BLM on a bulky metastasis of the hepatic hilum were performed after 38 months from the first HR. The length of hospital stay was 19 days. At the computed tomography (CT) performed 11 days after treatment complete necrosis of the treated IM was detected. Results: CT scan after 3 and 6 months and magnetic resonance after 9 months were performed. Necrosis of the treated IM nor PM but progression of the residual liver lesions was observed. After 3 months, the patient received SC and underwent TACE after 8 months and TARE after 9 months for the residual liver metastases. At 14 months from CRS and HIPEC, the patient is alive, in good condition, and with stability of the disease. Conclusions: The association of ECT and CRS and HIPEC could be safe and effective for the treatment of unresectable recurrent intrahepatic CCA with PM.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5d5b3cfc41e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "New era of electrochemotherapy in treatment of liver tumors in conjunction with immunotherapies", "authors": "Trotovšek et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8216", "pmid": "35068866", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a local ablative therapy that increases the cytotoxicity of either bleomycin or cisplatin by applying electric pulses (electroporation) to tumors. It has already been widely used throughout Europe for the treatment of various types of human and veterinary cutaneous tumors, with an objective…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d7350e478e59", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Dynamic Electroporation Model Evaluation on Rabbit Tissues", "authors": "Weinert", "year": 2021, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-021-02816-w", "pmid": "34169397", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Biological electroporation is a process of opening pores in the cell membrane when exposed to intense electric fields. This work provides results for validation of a dynamic model of electroporation on biological tissues. Computational simulations were carried out and results for the electrical current through the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b4e7ca189ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "To breathe or not to breathe? Hypoxia after pulsed-electric field treatment reduces the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in vitro", "authors": "Šilkūnas et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107636", "pmid": "32882444", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin, which is the most widely used drugs in electrochemotherapy, requires oxygen to be able to make single- or double-strand brakes in DNA. However, the concentration of oxygen in tumours can be lower than 1%. The aim of this study was to find out whether oxygen concentration in the medium in which cells loaded…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7d77f756875a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Numerical mesoscale tissue model of electrochemotherapy in liver based on histological findings", "authors": "Cindric et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-10426-2", "pmid": "35444226", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) are being investigated for treatment of hepatic tumours. The liver is a highly heterogeneous organ, permeated with a network of macro- and microvasculature, biliary tracts and connective tissue. The success of ECT and IRE depends on sufficient electric field established in whole target tissue; therefore, tissue heterogeneity may affect the treatment outcome. In this study, we investigate electroporation in the liver using a numerical mesoscale tissue model. We numerically reconstructed four ECT experiments in healthy porcine liver and computed the electric field distribution using our treatment planning framework. We compared the computed results with histopathological changes identified on microscopic images after treatment. The mean electric field threshold that best fitted the zone of coagulation necrosis was 1225 V/cm, while the mean threshold that best fitted the zone of partially damaged liver parenchyma attributed to IRE was 805 V/cm. We evaluated how the liver macro- and microstructures affect the electric field distribution. Our results show that the liver microstructure does not significantly affect the electric field distribution on the level needed for treatment planning. However, major hepatic vessels and portal spaces significantly affect the electric field distribution, and should be considered when planning treatments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0e1725798f84", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Long-Term Comparative Study on the Local Tumour Control of Different Ablation Technologies in Primary and Secondary Liver Malignancies", "authors": "Kovács et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Pers Med", "doi": "10.3390/jpm12030430", "pmid": "35330429", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate local tumour control (LTC) by local ablation techniques (LAT) in liver malignancies. Materials and methods: In patients treated with LAT between January 2013 and October 2020 target lesions were characterised by histology, dimensions in three spatial axes, volume, vascularisation and challenging (CL) location. LAT used were: Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), Microwave Ablation (MWA), Cryoablation (CRYO), Electrochemotherapy (ECT), and Interstitial Brachytherapy (IBT). Results: 211 LAT were performed in 155 patients. Mean follow-up including MRI for all patients was 11 months. Lesions treated with ECT and IBT were significantly larger and significantly more often located in CL in comparison to RFA, MWA and CRYO. Best LTC (all data for 12 months are given below) resulted after RFA (93%), followed by ECT (81%), CRYO (70%), IBT (68%) and MWA (61%), and further, entity-related for HCC (93%), followed by CRC (83%) and BrC (72%), without statistically significant differences. LTC in hypovascular lesions was worse (64%), followed by intermediate (82% p = 0.01) and hypervascular lesions (92% p = 0.07). Neither diameter (<3 cm: 81%/3−6 cm: 74%/>6 cm: 70%), nor volume (<10 cm3: 80%/10−20 cm3: 86%/>20 cm3: 67%), nor CL (75% in CL vs. 80% in non CL) had a significant impact on LTC. In CL, best LTC resulted after ECT (76%) and IBT (76%). Conclusion: With suitable LAT, similarly good local tumour control can be achieved regardless of lesion size and location of the target.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9f5136f770d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Curcumin Loaded Nanocarriers with Varying Charges Augmented with Electroporation Designed for Colon Cancer Therapy", "authors": "Kulbacka et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms23031377", "pmid": "35163301", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "(1) Background: The size and surface charge are the most significant parameters of nanocarriers that determine their efficiency and potential application. The poor cell uptake of encapsulated drugs is the main limitation in anticancer treatment. The well-defined properties of nanocarriers will enable to target specific tissue and deliver an active cargo. (2) Methods: In the current study, poly(D,L -lactide) (PLA) nanocarriers loaded with curcumin (CUR) and differing surface charge were evaluated for transport efficacy in combination with electroporation (EP) in dependence on the type of cells. The obtained CUR-loaded nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 195 to 334 nm (derived from dynamic light scattering (DLS)) were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) (morphology and shape) and Doppler electrophoresis ( ζ -potential) as well as UV-vis spectroscopy (CUR encapsulation efficiency (about 90%) and photobleaching rate). The drug delivery properties of the obtained PLA nanocarriers enhanced by electroporation were assessed in human colon cancer cells (LoVo), excitable normal rat muscle cells (L6), and free of voltage-gated ion channels cells (CHO-K1). CLSM studies, viability, and ROS release were performed to determine the biological effects of nanocarriers. (3) Results: The highest photodynamic activity indicated anionic nanocarriers (1a) stabilized by C 12 (COONa) 2 surfactant. Nanocarriers were cytotoxic for LoVo cells and less cytotoxic for normal cells. ROS release increased in cancer cells with the increasing electric field intensity, irradiation, and time after EP. Muscle L6 cells were less sensitive to electric pulses. (4) Conclusions: EP stimulation for CUR-PLA nanocarriers transport was considered to improve the regulated and more effective delivery of nanosystems differing in surface charge.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-76727e466258", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Minimally Invasive Interventional Procedures for Metastatic Bone Disease A Comprehensive Review", "authors": "Papalexis et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol29060332", "pmid": "35735441", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Metastases are the main type of malignancy involving bone, which is the third most frequent site of metastatic carcinoma, after lung and liver. Skeletal-related events such as intractable pain, spinal cord compression, and pathologic fractures pose a serious burden on patients' quality of life. For this reason, mini-invasive treatments for the management of bone metastases were developed with the goal of pain relief and functional status improvement. These techniques include embolization, thermal ablation, electrochemotherapy, cementoplasty, and MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound. In order to achieve durable pain palliation and disease control, mini-invasive procedures are combined with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, or analgesics. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recently published literature regarding interventional radiology procedures in the treatment of cancer patients with bone metastases, focusing on the efficacy, complications, local disease control and recurrence rate.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c6a86fdec06c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation in Clinical Applications—The Potential of Gene Electrotransfer and Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Rakoczy et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Applied Sciences", "doi": "10.3390/app122110821", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) allows for the transport of molecules into the cytoplasm with significant effectiveness by forming transient pores in the cell membrane using electric pulses. This can be used for cellular transport (RE—reversible electroporation) or ablation (IRE—irreversible electroporation). The first of described options fortifies medicine with novel possibilities: electrochemotherapy (ECT), which creates promising perspectives for cancer treatment, and gene electrotransfer (GET), a powerful method of DNA delivery as well as immunogen electrotransfer. The review constitutes a comprehensive explanation of the mechanism of EP in the case of GET, its present and prospective employment in medicine, including gene delivery, vaccinations, therapy, and transfection, are also presented.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-83580dfc48ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous electrochemotherapy in primary and secondary liver malignancies - local tumor control and impact on overall survival", "authors": "Spallek et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2022-0003", "pmid": "35148468", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Local nonsurgical tumor ablation currently represents a further option for the treatment of patients with liver tumors or metastases. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a welcome addition to the portfolio of local therapies. A retrospective analysis of patients with liver tumors or metastases treated with ECT is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fc6fb5c4f403", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation combined with intelligent drug delivery promising new and clean approach to cancer treatment", "authors": "Aghayari", "year": 2023, "journal": "Results in Engineering", "doi": "10.1016/j.rineng.2023.101379", "pmid": null, "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Nerve cancer is a highly lethal form of cancer that has proven difficult to effectively treat. A potential avenue for future research involves developing an effective treatment method for this type of cancer. Currently, surgical, radiographic, and chemotherapy techniques are utilized to manage nerve cancer, but there…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d2b2e8f91db3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Effects of Interphase and Interpulse Delays and Pulse Widths on Induced Muscle Contractions, Pain and Therapeutic Efficacy in Electroporation-Based Therapies", "authors": "Cvetkoska et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Dev Dis", "doi": "10.3390/jcdd10120490", "pmid": "38132658", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is used in medicine for drug and gene delivery, and as a nonthermal ablation method in tumor treatment and cardiac ablation. Electroporation involves delivering high-voltage electric pulses to target tissue; however, this can cause effects beyond the intended target tissue like nerve stimulation, muscle contractions and pain, requiring use of sedatives or anesthetics. It was previously shown that adjusting pulse parameters may mitigate some of these effects, but not how these adjustments would affect electroporation's efficacy. We investigated the effect of varying pulse parameters such as interphase and interpulse delay while keeping the duration and number of pulses constant on nerve stimulation, muscle contraction and assessing pain and electroporation efficacy, conducting experiments on human volunteers, tissue samples and cell lines in vitro. Our results show that using specific pulse parameters, particularly short high-frequency biphasic pulses with short interphase and long interpulse delays, reduces muscle contractions and pain sensations in healthy individuals. Higher stimulation thresholds were also observed in experiments on isolated swine phrenic nerves and human esophagus tissues. However, changes in the interphase and interpulse delays did not affect the cell permeability and survival, suggesting that modifying the pulse parameters could minimize adverse effects while preserving therapeutic goals in electroporation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5955bb3c4142", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutanous Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in Primary and Secondary Liver Malignancies: A Systematic Review", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Diagnostics (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/diagnostics13020209", "pmid": "36673019", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The aim of the study was to analyse papers describing the use of Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in local treatment of primary and secondary liver tumours located at different sites and with different histologies. Other Local Ablative Therapies (LAT) are also discussed. Analyses of these papers demonstrate that ECT use is safe and effective in lesions of large size, independently of the histology of the treated lesions. ECT performed better than other thermal ablation techniques in lesions > 6 cm in size and can be safely used to treat lesions distant, close, or adjacent to vital structures. ECT spares vessel and bile ducts, is repeatable, and can be performed between chemotherapeutic cycles. ECT can fill the gap in local ablative therapies due to being lesions too large or localized in highly challenging anatomical sites.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f21299d08821", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin in the Treatment of Colorectal Hepatic Metastases in a Rat Model", "authors": "Spiliotis et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15051598", "pmid": "36900388", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The available ablative procedures for the treatment of hepatic cancer have contraindications due to the heat-sink effect and the risk of thermal injuries. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a nonthermal approach may be utilized for the treatment of tumors adjacent to high-risk regions. We evaluated the effectiveness of ECT in a rat model. Methods: WAG/Rij rats were randomized to four groups and underwent ECT, reversible electroporation (rEP), or intravenous injection of bleomycin (BLM) eight days after subcapsular hepatic tumor implantation. The fourth group served as Sham. Tumor volume and oxygenation were measured before and five days after the treatment using ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging; thereafter, liver and tumor tissue were additionally analysed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Results: The ECT group showed a stronger reduction in tumor oxygenation compared to the rEP and BLM groups; moreover, ECT-treated tumors exhibited the lowest levels of hemoglobin concentration compared to the other groups. Histological analyses further revealed a significantly increased tumor necrosis of >85% and a reduced tumor vascularization in the ECT group compared to the rEP, BLM, and Sham groups. Conclusion: ECT is an effective approach for the treatment of hepatic tumors with necrosis rates >85% five days following treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-91bb20e90ef1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablative strategies for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Wang", "year": 2023, "journal": "World J Hepatol", "doi": "10.4254/wjh.v15.i4.515", "pmid": "37206650", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and is the fifth leading cause of cancer death worldwide and the third leading cause of all diseases worldwide. Liver transplantation, surgical resection and ablation are the three main curative treatments for HCC. Liver transplantation is the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f63c3f524786", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Locoregional Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Systematic Review", "authors": "Barbieri et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol31110546", "pmid": "39590176", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: The global incidence of secondary liver cancer is rising due to multiple risk factors, presenting significant challenges in public health. Similarly, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality with the development of frequent liver metastases. Surgical resection of CRC liver metastases is only suitable for a limited subset of patients, necessitating alternative nonsurgical treatments such as electrochemotherapy (ECT); Methods: This review adhered to the S.P.I.D.E.R. Framework: Systematic searches of PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were conducted for studies published between 2003 and 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were full-text clinical studies in English focusing on ECT-treated CRC liver metastases, excluding reviews, editorials, and non-clinical papers. The GRADE approach was utilized to assess evidence quality, considering study limitations, consistency, and other factors; Results: From 38 identified articles, 4 met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 78 patients and 128 treated lesions. The studies demonstrated variability in design and follow-up duration (3-11 months). Complete response (CR) rates ranged from 33.3% to 63.0%, while progression disease (PD) rates were high, ranging from 23.0% to 55.6%. Median overall survival (OS) spanned 11.3 to 29.0 months. No severe ECT-related complications were reported. Conclusions: ECT appears to be a safe and effective modality for the treatment of CRC liver metastases, especially for lesions unsuitable for other ablative techniques. Further prospective and randomized studies are essential to better define the role of ECT in managing CRC liver metastases and to compare its efficacy with other ablative methods.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0d4707540877", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with intravenous, intratumoral, or combined administration of bleomycin in the treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases in a rat model", "authors": "Spiliotis et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-67878-x", "pmid": "39075095", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines the reversible electroporation (rEP) with intravenous (i.v.) or intratumoral (i.t.) administration of chemotherapeutic drugs. We conducted this study to compare the efficacy of i.v., i.t., and i.v. + i.t. injection of bleomycin (BLM) in ECT treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases in a rat model. WAG/Rij rats were randomized into three groups and underwent ECT with i.v., i.t., or i.v. + i.t. injection of BLM. Tumor volumes and oxygenation were measured by means of ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. Moreover, liver and tumor tissue were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. The i.v. and i.v. + i.t. groups exhibited a 44.0% and 46.6% reduction in oxygen saturation of the tumor tissue when compared to pretreatment values, whereas the i.t. group only showed a reduction of 35.2%. The extent of tumor tissue necrosis did not statistically differ between the groups. However, the i.t. group showed a tendency towards a lower necrosis rate. Cell proliferation, apoptotic cell death, vascularization, and immune cell infiltration were comparable in the treated tumors of the three groups. ECT with i.v. administration of BLM should be preferred in clinical practice, as the combined i.v. + i.t. therapy did not show superior oncological outcomes in the present study.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-7a33eadb0e", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:spiliotis", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-935bb0120dc7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with intravenous, intratumoral, or combined administration of bleomycin in the treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases in a rat model", "authors": "Spiliotis et al", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-4450303/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines the reversible electroporation (rEP) with intravenous (i.v.) or intratumoral (i.t.) administration of chemotherapeutic drugs. We conducted this study to compare the efficacy of i.v., i.t., and i.v. + i.t. injection of bleomycin (BLM) in ECT treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases in a rat model. WAG/Rij rats were randomized into three groups and underwent ECT with i.v., i.t., or i.v. + i.t. injection of BLM. Tumor volumes and oxygenation were measured by means of ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. Moreover, liver and tumor tissue were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. The i.v. and i.v. + i.t. groups exhibited a 44.0% and 46.6% reduction in oxygen saturation of the tumor tissue when compared to pretreatment values, whereas the i.t. group only showed a reduction of 35.2%. The extent of tumor tissue necrosis did not statistically differ between the groups. However, the i.t. group showed a tendency towards a lower necrosis rate. Cell proliferation, apoptotic cell death, vascularization, and immune cell infiltration were comparable in the treated tumors of the three groups. ECT with i.v. administration of BLM should be preferred in clinical practice, as the combined i.v. + i.t. therapy did not show superior oncological outcomes in the present study.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-7a33eadb0e", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:spiliotis", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d73fadac275c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Duodenal mucosal ablation: An emerging therapeutic concept for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease", "authors": "Fernandez", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v31.i28.109468", "pmid": "40741478", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is currently the leading cause of end-stage liver disease and liver cancer in the world because of the obesity pandemic. Insulin resistance resulting from abdominal adiposity is the main cause of MAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus among these patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "karsilastirici", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "karsilastirmali", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-221c80254cc4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Optimizing Treatment Selection for Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Tumor Biology, Liver Function, and Patient Status", "authors": "Li", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Hepatocell Carcinoma", "doi": "10.2147/jhc.s514248", "pmid": "40255902", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a critical window for curative treatment. However, treatment selection is complicated by significant heterogeneity in tumor biology, liver function, and patient performance status. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current curative-intent strategies…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-133153222206", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy of Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin, Oxaliplatin, or Oxaliplatin with Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Colorectal Hepatic Metastases in Rats", "authors": "Spiliotis et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17172753", "pmid": "40940848", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background/objectives: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been shown to be effective in treating colorectal liver metastases when combined with bleomycin (BLM). Based on this promising finding, we compared in this study the efficacy of BLM with oxaliplatin (OXP) and bevacizumab (BVZ) in ECT. Methods: WAG/Rij rats were randomized into three groups and underwent ECT with intravenous injection of BLM, OXP, or OXP with BVZ for eight days following hepatic tumor cell implantation. Ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging served to assess oxygen saturation (SO 2 ) and hemoglobin concentration (HbT) of the developing tumors. Tissue samples were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Results: BLM treatment significantly reduced SO 2 (33.7%) and HbT (12.7%) levels compared to pretreatment values. In contrast, the OXP-treated groups exhibited only modest reductions in both parameters. BLM also induced a markedly higher necrosis rate (82.6%) compared to OXP and OXP/BVZ (11.0% and 26.3%). Conversely, OXP-treated tumors exhibited higher apoptosis rates. Furthermore, BLM treatment led to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and a reduction in inflammatory response compared to the other treatments. Notably, BLM caused a 26.2% reduction in CD31-positive microvessels, which was significantly higher than that observed in the OXP group. Conclusions : BLM showed a more effective anti-tumor activity than OXP, suggesting its preferred use as chemotherapeutic agent in ECT.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1bd6291901f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nanosecond pulsed electric field ablation as first-line curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk locations a prospective multicenter", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1097/JS9.0000000000002361", "pmid": "40146263", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Preclinical studies have shown that nanosecond pulsed electric field ablation (nsPEF) is a novel nonthermal ablation modality that can eradicate tumors near critical structures. We conducted the prospective multicenter trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of nsPEF for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk locations. Materials and methods: This study was conducted at five hospitals in China. Patients with HCC fulfilling the Milan criteria and located immediately adjacent to (<0.5 cm) the portal vein, hepatic vein, diaphragm, gastrointestinal tract, liver capsule, or gallbladder were enrolled. The primary endpoint was the complete ablation rate at 1 month, and adverse events. The secondary endpoints included local tumor progression (LTP), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival. Results: From March 2020 to June 2022, 192 patients were enrolled (148 males [77.1%]; median age 58.5 years [interquartile range, 51.0-66.0 years]). The median follow-up duration was 33.5 months. The technical success rate was 99.5%. Complete ablation was achieved in 91.7% of the 217 tumors. Complete ablation rates at 1 month were significantly higher in tumors <2 cm vs. ≥2 cm (90.1% vs. 71.7%, P = 0.002). The estimated 1-, 2- and 3-year cumulative incidences of LTP were 9.8%, 13.8%, and 15.7%, respectively. The maximum tumor diameter (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.62, P = 0.014) and age (HR = 0.42, P = 0.026) were independent predictive factors for LTP. The RFS rates at 1-, 2- and 3-year were 72.2%, 51.7%, and 43.5%, respectively. No periprocedural thermal damage was observed. Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in nine (5.6%) patients. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first prospective trial demonstrating that nsPEF was effective and relatively safe for HCC in high-risk locations, and may serve as an alternative therapeutic option for HCC suboptimal for thermal ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-sa" }, { "id": "ref-81a20ef0cd41", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Systematic In Vitro Investigation of PEFs Pulse Parameter Specifications on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells", "authors": "Alshahat et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Applied Sciences", "doi": "10.3390/app16031411", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Pulsed Electric Fields (PEFs) are widely investigated in cancer research, yet interpretation and optimisation of exposure protocols remain challenging due to the complex interplay between electrical parameters, thermal effects, and biological response. While voltage amplitude is often emphasised, the influence of pulse timing and structure under dose-constrained conditions is less systematically examined. This work presents an exploratory in vitro study on the HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line using a custom-built bipolar pulse delivery system. Seventy experimental conditions were tested, each varying a single pulse parameter (voltage, width, period, pulses per burst, burst count, or burst period), with temperature monitored during exposure. Cell metabolic viability was quantified 24 h post-treatment using an MTT assay. The results show that short-term viability suppression and thermal behaviour depend on pulse configuration and not on total electric dose alone. Based on comparative trends, a qualitative hierarchy of parameter influence is proposed, with total electric dosage and pulse width showing the strongest association with viability reduction, followed by voltage, pulse period, pulses per burst, and burst period. Elevated temperatures observed in some regimes indicate possibly combined electro–thermal effects rather than purely electrical responses. Overall, the study provides a parameter-sensitivity overview that highlights the importance of pulse timing and thermal management alongside voltage amplitude in PEF experiments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-52a8bba26321", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intramuscular plasmid DNA electroporation sequesters neoantigen-specific CD8 + T cells in treated muscle and limits tumor infiltration", "authors": "Bianchi et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Mol Ther Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.omton.2026.201248", "pmid": "42440858", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "DNA electroporation of neoantigen cancer vaccine is a well-established approach to induce high expression of neoantigens and likely enlarge the immune response that is shaped by the vaccination site influencing T cell trafficking. Using a DNA plasmid vaccine encoding MC38-derived neoantigens, we found that in presence of tumor, the vaccine delivery by muscle electroporation promotes extensive activation of immune-related genes and CD8 + T cell enrichment in muscle together with inflammatory markers, whereas tumors show minimal transcriptional changes compared with untreated controls. Flow cytometry analysis revealed accumulation of neoantigen-specific CD8 + IFNγ + T cells in electroporated muscles compared to spleen or tumor, consistent with preferential localization at the vaccination site. Vaccination in a second site with an unrelated plasmid DNA electroporation partially reproduced this effect, consistent with neoantigen-independent recruitment of activated CD8 + T cells. Adoptive T cells transfer further demonstrated preferential T cell homing to electroporated tissue. These findings identify electroporation-induced tissue remodeling as a major contributor associated with altered T cell localization and suggest that modulating local tissue responses may improve the systemic efficacy of DNA-based cancer vaccines.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4130583e2fc9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Altering Charge-Balance via Patterned Bipolar Pulses for Successful Gene Electrotransfer", "authors": "Cash et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-026-04106-9", "pmid": "41951990", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To determine if GET via charge-balanced patterned bipolar microsecond pulses could be improved, novel bursts of patterned bipolar microsecond pulsed electric fields were investigated in a cuvette and 3D tissue model to evaluate gene electrotransfer (GET) in vitro. Methods: Various charge-balancing strategies were implemented to create bipolar microsecond waveforms. A cuvette model was used to identify optimal electric field intensities and plasmid concentrations for each protocol before cotransfection of two plasmids was evaluated in a cuvette and a 3D tissue model for a subset of best-performing protocols. Results: The 2-1-1 unbalanced, 1-1-0.5 unbalanced, and 2-1-1 burst-balanced protocols were the top bipolar microsecond protocols tested on HEK 293 cells and achieved GET efficiencies comparable to the top-performing 8x100μs conventional GET protocol. Of the patterned bipolar pulses, the highest performing was 2-1-1 Unbalanced at 1000 V/cm with a dose of 5 ms, a delivery rate of 200 μs/s, and a plasmid concentration of 1250 µg/mL. C28 chondrocytes were also tested via the cuvette model with 2-1-1 burst-balanced exceeding even the top-performing 8x100μs conventional protocol in GET efficiency. Conclusion: Patterned bipolar microsecond GET tested in this study has similar transfection capabilities as conventional GET settings while maintaining viability and requiring lower plasmid concentration for similar results. The novel patterned waveforms tested potentially enhance electrophoretic effects, reducing the need for high plasmid concentrations in vivo. These waveforms were developed based on < 2 μs bipolar pulses (H-FIRE and INSPIRE) which have been shown to reduce muscle stimulations in vivo.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-12dd40f512b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Global research trends and foci of ablation therapies for liver tumours a scientometric study", "authors": "Dong", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.21037/jgo-2025-750", "pmid": "41816606", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Ablation therapies have attracted sustained research interest in the management of liver tumours. This study aimed to systematically map global research trends, collaboration patterns, and the evolution of themes in liver tumour ablation using a scientometric approach. Methods: Publications related to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-af71b71a6a28", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Case Report: Pulsed electric field treatment of metastatic liver disease demonstrating a possible abscopal response", "authors": "Gad et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1592656", "pmid": "41939858", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive endocrine malignancy, typically presenting at an advanced stage with distant metastases. We report a unique case of a 49-year-old female with metastatic ACC in the liver who exhibited an abscopal effect following pulse electric field (PEF) ablation. The patient initially presented with hypertension, male-patterned hair loss, voice hoarseness, and weight gain and was subsequently diagnosed with a large left adrenal mass along with liver and pulmonary metastases. Following surgical interventions-including left salpingo-oophorectomy, hepatic wedge resection, and left adrenalectomy-and initial systemic treatment with doxorubicin, etoposide, and cisplatin-mitotane (EDP-M), disease progression prompted initiating therapy with pembrolizumab and mitotane. The patient then received Y90 treatment in the right lobe; however, imaging demonstrated viable metastatic disease in the left lobe, which prompted PEF treatment. The patient received PEF almost 7 months post-pembrolizumab and mitotane initiation. Remarkably, two months post-PEF treatment, PET/CT imaging demonstrated complete resolution of three of the four untreated lesions, suggesting an abscopal response. This case adds to the limited literature on PEF ablation, highlighting its potential not only as a local control strategy but also as an adjunct to systemic immunotherapy in liver tumors. Further prospective studies incorporating immune profiling are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and long-term benefits of this approach.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cec93ede25d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A review of established and new developments in local therapies for liver cancer", "authors": "Seda", "year": 2026, "journal": "ESMO Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.esmogo.2025.100283", "pmid": "41994023", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Liver cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for ∼75%-85% of primary liver cancers, remains a major global health challenge. Because of its high incidence, late diagnosis, and limited curative options, local therapies have become increasingly popular for the multidisciplinary management of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7dfc75afb127", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Regulation of Pore Evolution via Progressive Electroporation Enhanced Intracellular Molecule Transport", "authors": "Tao et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Research (Wash D C)", "doi": "10.34133/research.1095", "pmid": "42317796", "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Nonviral intracellular delivery based on pulsed-electric-field-induced electroporation is one of the most effective and widely used platforms in basic biological and biomedical research. However, the conventional bulk electroporation technique has exhibited limited performance in improving delivery efficiency with a single type of pulse, especially for in vivo small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. Pulse modulation has been confirmed effective in facilitating intracellular delivery. Nonetheless, pore evolution and regulation during and after electric exposure plays an essential role in the effective intracellular delivery of molecules with variable sizes. Here, we propose a progressive electroporation (PEP) strategy on the basis of multiple-pulse combination, which decouples the perforation process and delivery process compared to conventional bulk electroporation, efficiently improving delivery efficiency with regulation of the perforated pores. We demonstrated an important correlation between delivery efficiency enhancement and delayed pore resealing by quantitative investigations. The performance of this disruption-and-field-enhancement method also showed delivery advantages over conventional chemical systems. Moreover, we validated the improvement for siRNA knockdown efficacy in vivo. Overall, PEP helps provide a unique insight into improving intracellular delivery, by regulating pore dynamics rather than just inducing perforation. This strategic advancement of PEP may pave the way for the development of advanced wearable delivery systems with reduced energy consumption.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6f8eac1fadc0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with CDDP on LPB sarcoma: comparison of the anti-tumor effectiveness in immunocompotent and immunodeficient mice", "authors": "Sersˇa et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics", "doi": "10.1016/S0302-4598(96)05194-X", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy combines chemotherapy with electric pulses in order to potentiate anti-tumor effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs. Electrochemotherapy with drugs that normally do not accumulate in the tumor cells in sufficient quantities, such as bleomycin and, to some extent, cis-platin, has already been well…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3927e1522492", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrically enhanced drug delivery for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma", "authors": "M Hyacinthe, M Jaroszeski, V Dang, D Coppola, R Karl, R Gilbert", "year": 1999, "journal": "Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19990115)85:2<409::aid-cncr19>3.0.co;2-i", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Pulsed electric fields have been shown to increase the effectiveness of antineoplastic agents by temporarily increasing the permeability of cell membranes. This type of drug delivery is called electrochemotherapy, and it has been successful in the treatment of patients with cutaneous malignancies in clinical trials. This study focused on determining the applicability of electrochemotherapy to the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma, using an animal model bearing human sarcomas. The antitumor effects of single and multiple electrochemotherapy treatments were investigated using small (250 mm3) and large (4000 mm3) tumors. METHODS. Established tumors were injected with bleomycin, then electric pulses were administered to the tumor site. Animals were followed based on periodic tumor volume determinations, which were used to categorize treatment of each tumor as a complete response, a partial response, stable disease, or progressive disease.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-930ab50a2d35", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Enhancement of antitumor effect of bleomycin by low-voltagein vivo electroporation: A study of human uterine leiomyosarcomas in nude mice", "authors": "A Horiuchi, T Nikaido, J Mitsushita, T Toki, I Konishi, S Fujii", "year": 2000, "journal": "International Journal of Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/1097-0215(20001115)88:4<640::aid-ijc19>3.0.co;2-k", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Int. J. Cancer: 88, 640 – 644 (2000) © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Publication of the International Union Against Cancer ENHANCEMENT OF ANTITUMOR EFFECT OF BLEOMYCIN BY LOW-VOLTAGE IN VIVO ELECTROPORATION: A STUDY OF HUMAN UTERINE LEIOMYOSARCOMAS IN NUDE MICE Akiko HORIUCHI1, Toshio NIKAIDO1*, Junji MITSUSHITA1, Toshihiko TOKI1, Ikuo KONISHI1 and Shingo FUJII3 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan 2 Department of Organ Regeneration, Institute of Organ Transplants, Reconstructive Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan 3 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan Uterine leiomyosarcoma is an extremely malignant neoplasm with high rates of distant metastasis, and systemic chemotherapy is not particularly effective.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-52a48a00ad82", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Human Sarcoma in Athymic Rats", "authors": "Jaroszeski et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460200100510", "pmid": "12625765", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is the combined use of a chemotherapeutic agent and pulsed electric fields. Electrical treatment causes an increase in cell membrane permeability which allows the chemotherapeutic agent to more freely enter the tumor cells. Electrochemotherapy has been under development in clinical trials. This…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b3d686bec3a5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for digital chondrosarcoma", "authors": "Shimizu et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "J Orthop Sci", "doi": "10.1007/s007760300043", "pmid": "12665967", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) delivers nonpermeable anticancer drugs to cell interiors by temporally increasing the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane under locally applied pulsating electrical stimuli. This treatment results in consistent and enhanced pharmacological effects of drugs on the targeted tissue. ECT has…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-57f5eeff201d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Low-Voltage Electrochemotherapy with Low-Dose Methotrexate Enhances Survival in Mice with Osteosarcoma", "authors": "Isobe et al", "year": 2004, "journal": "Clin Orthop Relat Res", "doi": "10.1097/01.blo.0000138962.42433.db", "pmid": "15346078", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Methotrexate plays a key role in adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of osteosarcoma, but is used at a high dose because it can pass through a cell membrane only with difficulty. Therefore, if the drug delivery of methotrexate to the tumor could be enhanced, antitumor effect and survival would improve. We examined…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b6648ebb187b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Radiosensitising effect of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin in LPB sarcoma cells and tumors in mice", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2407-5-115", "pmid": "16168056", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Bleomycin is poorly permeant but potent cytotoxic and radiosensitizing drug. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether a physical drug delivery system - electroporation can increase radiosensitising effect of bleomycin in vitro and in vivo. Methods: LPB sarcoma cells and tumors were treated either with bleomycin, electroporation or ionizing radiation, and combination of these treatments. In vitro, response to different treatments was determined by colony forming assay, while in vivo, treatment effectiveness was determined by local tumor control (TCD50). Time dependence of partial oxygen pressure in LPB tumors after application of electric pulses was measured by electron paramagnetic oxyimetry. Results: Electroporation of cells in vitro increased radiosensitising effect of bleomycin for 1.5 times, in vivo radiation response of tumors was enhanced by 1.9 fold compared to response of tumors that were irradiated only. Neither treatment of tumors with bleomycin nor application of electric pulses only, affected radiation response of tumors. Application of electric pulses to the tumors induced profound but transient reduction of tumor oxygenation. Although tumor oxygenation after electroporation partially restored at the time of irradiation, it was still reduced at the level of radiobiologically relevant hypoxia. Conclusion: Our study shows that application of electric pulses to cells and tumors increases radiosensitising effect of bleomycin. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the radiobiologically relevant hypoxia induced by electroporation of tumors did not counteract the pronounced radiosensitising effect of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-23ea51fe7a4c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrogene therapy with p53 of murine sarcomas alone or combined with electrochemotherapy using cisplatin", "authors": "Grosel et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "DNA Cell Biol", "doi": "10.1089/dna.2006.25.674", "pmid": "17233116", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The aim of our study was to evaluate feasibility and therapeutic potential of electrogene therapy with p53 alone or combined with electrochemotherapy using cisplatin on two murine sarcomas with different p53 status. Antitumor effectiveness of three consecutive electrogene treatments with p53 was more effective in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b986f68f1c0e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Intraoperative versus postoperative electrochemotherapy in high grade soft tissue sarcomas: a preliminary study in a spontaneous feline model", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Cancer Chemother Pharmacol", "doi": "10.1007/s00280-006-0281-y", "pmid": "16807731", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Feline soft tissue sarcomas are spontaneous, rapidly growing, and aggressive neoplasms that mimic their human counterpart. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in an adjuvant fashion for the treatment of feline sarcomas, and the possibility of repeated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c8354ba96b9e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Potential role of electrochemotherapy for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma: first insights from preclinical studies in animals", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Int J Biochem Cell Biol", "doi": "10.1016/j.biocel.2007.10.005", "pmid": "17977058", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Local management of soft tissue sarcoma in humans generally involves multi-modality approaches whose cornerstones are surgery combined with radiation therapy. The usual radiation protocols are based on preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative external beam treatment or adjuvant brachytherapy. The aim of these…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cddccb868c74", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Ablation of bone cells by electroporation", "authors": "Fini et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Bone Joint Surg Br", "doi": "10.1302/0301-620x.92b11.24664", "pmid": "21037363", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Short intense electrical pulses transiently increase the permeability of the cell membrane, an effect known as electroporation. This can be combined with antiblastic drugs for ablation of tumours of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of electroporation when applied to bone…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7ad534e5916a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin enhances local control after surgical ablation of fibrosarcoma in cats: an approach to improve the therapeutic index of highly toxic chemotherapy drugs", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-9-152", "pmid": "21917133", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Cancer is one of the most difficult current health challenges, being responsible for millions of deaths yearly. Systemic chemotherapy is the most common therapeutic approach, and the prevailing orientation calls for the administration of the maximum tolerated dose; however, considerable limitations exist including toxicities to healthy tissues and low achievable drug concentrations at tumor sites. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a tumor treatment that combines the systemic or local delivery of anticancer drugs with the application of permeabilizing electric pulses. In this article we evaluate the capability of ECT to allow the use of cisplatin despite its high toxicity in a spontaneous feline model of soft tissue sarcoma. Methods: A cohort of sixty-four cats with incompletely excised sarcomas were treated with cisplatin-based adjuvant ECT and monitored for side effects. Their response was compared to that of fourteen cats treated with surgery alone. Results: The toxicities were minimal and mostly treated symptomatically. ECT resulted in increased local control (median not reached at the time of writing) with a mean time to recurrence of 666 days versus 180 of controls. Conclusions: We conclude that ECT is a safe and efficacious therapy for solid tumors; its use may be considered as part of strategies for the reintroduction of drugs with a narrow therapeutic index in the clinical protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9cc9b2f9fffe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Potentiation of electrochemotherapy by intramuscular IL-12 gene electrotransfer in murine sarcoma and carcinoma with different immunogenicity", "authors": "Sedlar et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-012-0044-9", "pmid": "23412658", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND.: Electrochemotherapy provides good local tumor control but requires adjuvant treatment for increased local response and action on distant metastasis. In relation to this, intramuscular interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene electro-transfer, which provides systemic shedding of IL-12, was combined with local…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cf5c90c847ea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy treatment of locally advanced and metastatic soft tissue sarcomas: results of a non-comparative phase II study", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "World J Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s00268-013-2321-1", "pmid": "24170155", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the activity, toxicity, and feasibility of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas (STS). Methods: A two-stage phase II trial was conducted between October 2006 and March 2012. Patients (N = 34) with locally advanced or metastatic STS, unsuitable for standard…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-93341b52ccf0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy is effective in the treatment of rat bone metastases", "authors": "Fini et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Clin Exp Metastasis", "doi": "10.1007/s10585-013-9601-x", "pmid": "23832763", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Bone metastases impair general health status, quality of life and survival of patients. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), which combines electroporation (EP) and the administration of anticancer drugs, has been recently introduced into clinical practice for the local treatment of solid tumours. In the present study, the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6aedf35c5f69", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Radiosensitizing effect of intratumoral interleukin-12 gene electrotransfer in murine sarcoma", "authors": "Sedlar", "year": 2013, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2407-13-38", "pmid": "23360213", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Background: Interleukin-12 (IL-12) based radiosensitization is an effective way of tumor treatment. Local cytokine production, without systemic shedding, might provide clinical benefit in radiation treatment of sarcomas. Therefore, the aim was to stimulate intratumoral IL-12 production by gene electrotransfer of plasmid coding for mouse IL-12 (mIL-12) into the tumors, in order to explore its radiosensitizing effect after single or multiple intratumoral gene electrotransfer. Methods: Solid SA-1 fibrosarcoma tumors, on the back of A/J mice, were treated intratumorally by mIL-12 gene electrotransfer and 24 h later irradiated with a single dose. Treatment effectiveness was measured by tumor growth delay and local tumor control assay (TCD(50) assay). With respect to therapeutic index, skin reaction in the radiation field was scored. The tumor and serum concentrations of cytokines mIL-12 and mouse interferon γ (mIFNγ) were measured. Besides single, also multiple intratumoral mIL-12 gene electrotransfer before and after tumor irradiation was evaluated. Results: Single intratumoral mIL-12 gene electrotransfer resulted in increased intratumoral but not serum mIL-12 and mIFNγ concentrations, and had good antitumor (7.1% tumor cures) and radiosensitizing effect (21.4% tumor cures). Combined treatment resulted in the radiation dose-modifying factor of 2.16. Multiple mIL-12 gene electrotransfer had an even more pronounced antitumor (50% tumor cures) and radiosensitizing (86.7% tumor cures) effect. Conclusions: Single or multiple intratumoral mIL-12 gene electrotransfer resulted in increased intratumoral mIL-12 and mIFNγ cytokine level, and may provide an efficient treatment modality for soft tissue sarcoma as single or adjuvant therapy to tumor irradiation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5eb81f90ce90", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of a Multirecurrent Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans of the Orbital Margin: A Case Report", "authors": "Bonadies et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "26504038", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon cutaneous sarcoma with high recurrence rate. Radical surgery is the treatment of choice, although in cosmetically-sensitive areas such as the head and neck, this option is often not pursued. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimal invasive anti-tumor modality which…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d48d2baffad3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Adjuvant TNF-α therapy to electrochemotherapy with intravenous cisplatin in murine sarcoma exerts synergistic antitumor effectiveness", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2015-0005", "pmid": "25810699", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is a tumour ablation modality, based on electroporation of the cell membrane, allowing non-permeant anticancer drugs to enter the cell, thus augmenting their cytotoxicity by orders of magnitude. In preclinical studies, bleomycin and cisplatin proved to be the most suitable for clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-04f16cb91252", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Evaluation of the Electroporation Efficiency of a Grid Electrode for Electrochemotherapy: From Numerical Model to In Vitro Tests", "authors": "Ongaro et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533034615582350", "pmid": "25911645", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local anticancer treatment based on the combination of chemotherapy and short, tumor-permeabilizing, voltage pulses delivered using needle electrodes or plate electrodes. The application of ECT to large skin surface tumors is time consuming due to technical limitations of currently…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0f9d2dbe9d85", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Bone Metastases A Phase II Trial", "authors": "Bianchi et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "World J Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s00268-016-3627-6", "pmid": "27443372", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Bone metastatic disease is a major cause of pain and decreased quality of life in patients with cancer. In addition to systemic therapy and pain control with narcotic analgesics, standard local treatments include palliation with radiation therapy and surgery. However, 20-30 % of patients do not respond to conventional treatments, increasing the interest in alternative therapies. We present the results of a new minimally invasive technique in the treatment of bone metastases. Methods: Twenty-nine patients affected by painful bone metastases were treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT) from July 2009 to July 2011; the mean age was 60 years (range 37-87); 21 patients received a previous ineffective local treatment; the appendicular skeleton was affected in 15 patients while in 14 patients other sites were involved. ECT was performed using the Cliniporator Vitae under fluoroscopy or CT guidance depending on the site of the lesion. Clinical response was assessed using VAS scale and objective tumour response was evaluated according to the MD Anderson criteria for bone metastases. Results: All patients well tolerated the procedure and no intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. At a mean follow-up of 7 months, 24 patients were available for evaluation. 84 % of the patients (20 out of 24) referred improvement of pain ≥50 % with reduction of narcotics consumption. Radiographic evaluation after 3 months in 20 evaluable patients, showed \"partial response\" in 1 patient, \"stable disease\" in 17 and \"progression\" in two cases. Discussion: Results reported in this study demonstrated ECT to be safe and feasible in the treatment of painful bone metastases even when other previous treatments were ineffective. Pain and disease progression control was achieved in the majority of the patients with consequent improvement of quality of life. Conclusion: ECT should be considered a new feasible tool in the treatment of bone metastases in place or in combination with standard treatments; further developments are required to extend the use of this technique to spine metastases.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-aaa2b069b198", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Local treatment with electrochemotherapy of superficial angiosarcomas: Efficacy and safety results from a multi-institutional retrospective study", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Annals of Oncology", "doi": "10.1093/annonc/mdw343.05", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Angiosarcoma is an aggressive vascular neoplasm with a high propensity for local recurrence. Electrochemotherapy is an emerging skin-directed therapy, © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-ae52246d60", "studyRelation": "conference-version-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:guida", "yil-farki:0", "belge-turu:kongre-ozeti" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "versionOf": "ref-aaa2b069b198" }, { "id": "ref-9c5680b56db2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Local treatment with electrochemotherapy of superficial angiosarcomas: efficacy and safety results from a multi-institutional retrospective study", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2016.02.135", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Angiosarcoma is an aggressive vascular neoplasm with a high propensity for local recurrence. Electrochemotherapy is an emerging skin-directed therapy, which exerts prominent anti-tumour activity through cytotoxic and antivascular effects. Its efficacy in patients with angiosarcoma has not been investigated. Methods: Patients with superficially metastatic angiosarcoma who underwent electrochemotherapy from 2007 to 2014 were included in this multicentre retrospective analysis. Bleomycin was administered intravenously (15 IU/m2) and delivered within tumours by means of brief electric pulses applied by means of a needle electrode, according to European Standard Operating Procedures for Electrochemotherapy. Tumour assessment was performed using RECIST (version 1.1). Toxicity (CTCAE, version 4.0) and local progression-free survival (LPFS) were also evaluated. Results: Nineteen patients (13 with locally-advanced and 6 with metastatic disease) were treated, for a total of 54 target lesions.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-ae52246d60", "studyRelation": "conference-version-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:guida", "yil-farki:0", "belge-turu:kongre-ozeti" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "versionOf": "ref-aaa2b069b198" }, { "id": "ref-f3cd3cbdf2dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Modern Palliative Treatments for Metastatic Bone Disease: Awareness of Advantages, Disadvantages, and Guidance", "authors": "Mavrogenis et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Clin J Pain", "doi": "10.1097/AJP.0000000000000255", "pmid": "25988937", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Metastatic disease is the most common malignancy of the bone. Prostate, breast, lung, kidney, and thyroid cancer account for 80% of skeletal metastases. Bone metastases are associated with significant skeletal morbidity including severe bone pain, pathologic fractures, spinal cord or nerve roots…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cb7ffb5ba45f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Microscopic histological characteristics of soft tissue sarcomas: analysis of tissue features and electrical resistance", "authors": "Tosi et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Med Biol Eng Comput", "doi": "10.1007/s11517-016-1573-y", "pmid": "27696129", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Tissue electrical conductivity is correlated with tissue characteristics. In this work, some soft tissue sarcomas (STS) excised from patients have been evaluated in terms of histological characteristics (cell size and density) and electrical resistance. The electrical resistance has been measured using the ex vivo…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-934e2eaf46f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Feasibility of Electroporation in Bone and in the Surrounding Clinically Relevant Structures: A Preclinical Investigation", "authors": "Tschon et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533034615604454", "pmid": "26351303", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Skeletal metastases are a common cause of severe morbidity, reduction in quality of life and often early mortality. Consequently, improvements in therapies are necessary. Electroporation uses electric energy to alter cancer cell membrane permeability and enhance the local uptake of chemotherapeutics, thus leading to local tumor control. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of delivering electric field protocols causing electroporation of healthy bone and structures of clinical relevance using small and large animal models. Reversible electroporation was used in the rabbit sciatic nerve by applying 2 series of 8 pulses 100ms long at 1000 V/cm. Irreversible electroporation was used in rabbit distal femur condyles and in sheep vertebral body by applying 120 pulses 100ms long at 1750 V/cm. Any effect on surrounding sensitive structures was investigated. Reversible electroporation of sciatic nerve was associated with transient foot functional deficit that completely recovered at 30 days. Irreversible electroporation removed cells from trabeculae in the femurs of rabbits and in the vertebral body of sheep. After irreversible protocol, histology and microtomography demonstrated that the trabecular structure was maintained, the presence of new bone marrow cells, osteoblasts, and mineral apposition characterized by new trabeculae thinner than controls (P = .005) and a significant reduction in the ablated areas (-225%, P = .0219). Spinal cord, vertebral pedicles and spinal nerves showed transient edema in the absence of functional or structural alterations. Collectively, these results show that electroporation can be safely applied to bone even in the proximity of neuronal structures.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-178921d7a4c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "In Vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Electrochemotherapy with trans -platinum Analogue trans-[PtCl 2 (3-Hmpy) 2 ]", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2017-0034", "pmid": "28959166", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Cisplatin is used in cancer therapy, but its side effects and acquired resistance to cisplatin have led to the synthesis and evaluation of new platinum compounds. Recently, the synthesized platinum compound trans -[PtCl 2 (3-Hmpy) 2 ] (3-Hmpy = 3-hydroxymethylpyridine) (compound 2 ) showed a considerable…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-47d16553c411", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Spinal Metastases Using Transpedicular Approach-A Numerical Feasibility Study", "authors": "Cindrič et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533034618770253", "pmid": "29759043", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Vertebral column is the most frequent site for bone metastases. It has been demonstrated in previous studies that bone metastases can be efficiently treated by electrochemotherapy. We developed a novel approach to treat spinal metastases, that is, transpedicular approach that combines electrochemotherapy with already…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cbe43f461019", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Percutaneous Image-Guided Electrochemotherapy of Spine Metastases Initial Experience", "authors": "Cornelis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-019-02316-4", "pmid": "31440783", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Two patients underwent percutaneous image-guided electrochemotherapy on blastic spine metastases involving posterior walls of the lumbar vertebral bodies with epidural extension. These treatments were performed safely under cone beam computed tomography. Local tumor control was obtained on the subsequent follow-up as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-433b369c142a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electro-therapies for sarcomas", "authors": "Sundararajan et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "JCPCR", "doi": "10.15406/jcpcr.2019.10.00403", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Volume 10 Issue 5 - 2019 Sarcomas are cancers that occur in soft tissues and bones that mostly affect teenagers and young adults. Although its occurrence is rare, the affect is huge-metastatic and deaths are imminent. This mini review reports the various aspects of sarcomas, including Ewing’s sarcoma and also…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-55043964879f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and Simultaneous Photodynamic Bone Stabilization of Upper Limbs in Metastatic Renal Cancer Disease: Case Report and Literature Review", "authors": "Albertini et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Case Rep Med", "doi": "10.1155/2020/8408943", "pmid": "33110432", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction Metastatic bone disease represents a systemic pathology that heavily affects the quality of life of oncologic patients causing pain and functional disability. Methodology . We present the case of a patient with a history of renal cell cancer presenting pathologic fractures of both humeri and proximal right radius. Results After a careful multidisciplinary approach, an adjuvant anticancer therapy and a photodynamic bone stabilization procedure were performed with a minimally invasive technique aiming to minimize pain and local disease progression, while restoring functional autonomy and improving the patient's quality of life. Electrochemotherapy was delivered on the lytic bone lesions with extraskeletal involvement of the proximal left humerus and the proximal right radius, and then polymeric bone stabilization was performed on both humeri. At two months of follow-up, the patient presented satisfactory functional scores (MSTS score: 12/30 bilaterally; DASH scores: 46.7/100 for the right side and 48.3/100 for the left one), and pain was well controlled with opioid analgesics. Radiographs showed good results in terms of ossification of lytic bone lesions and durability of polymeric stabilization. At four months of follow-up, the patient reported a stable clinical scenario. Six months after surgery, due to extremely poor prognosis after the progression of primary disease, the patient was referred to palliative care and died shortly thereafter. Conclusion Over the last decade, the management of metastatic bone disease has changed. Low-toxicity and minimally invasive procedures such as electrochemotherapy and polymeric bone stabilization might be performed concomitantly in selected patients, as an alternative to radiation therapy and to more demanding surgical procedures such as plating and adjuvant cementing.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a412706be5f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Ablation of soft tissue tumours by long needle variable electrode-geometry electrochemotherapy: final report from a single-arm, single-centre phase-2 study", "authors": "Simioni et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-59230-w", "pmid": "32042142", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Standard electrochemotherapy (ECT) is effective in many tumour types but is confined to the treatment of small superficial lesions. Variable electrode-geometry ECT (VEG-ECT) may overcome these limitations by using long freely-placeable electrodes. Patients with bulky or deep-seated soft-tissue malignancies not amenable to resection participated in a single-arm phase-2 study (ISRCTN.11667954) and received a single course of VEG-ECT with intravenous bleomycin (15,000 IU/m 2 ) and concomitant electric pulses applied through an adjustable electrode array. The primary outcome was radiologic complete response rate (CRR) per RECIST; secondary endpoints included feasibility, metabolic response, toxicity (CTCAE), local progression-free survival (LPFS) and patient perception (EQ-5D). During 2009-2014, we enrolled 30 patients with trunk/limb sarcomas, melanoma, Merkel-cell carcinoma, and colorectal/lung cancer. Median tumour size was 4.7 cm. Electrode probes were placed under US/TC guidance (28 and 2 patients, respectively). Median procedure duration was 80 minutes. Tumour coverage rate was 97% (29 of 30 patients). Perioperative side-effects were negligible; one patient experienced grade-3 ulceration and infection. One-month 18 F-FDG-SUV decreased by 86%; CRR was 63% (95% CI 44-79%). Local control was durable in 24 of 30 patients (two-year LPFS, 62%). Patients reported an improvement in \"usual activities\", \"anxiety/depression\", and \"overall health\" scores. VEG-ECT demonstrated encouraging antitumour activity in soft-tissue malignancies; a single course of treatment produced high and durable responses, with low complications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0c2c7d0d104a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Operating procedures for electrochemotherapy in bone metastases: Results from a multicenter prospective study on 102 patients", "authors": "Campanacci et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2021.05.004", "pmid": "34083080", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Bone metastases are frequent in patients with cancer. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive treatment. Preclinical and clinical studies supported the use of ECT in patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD). The purposes of this multicentre study are to confirm the safety and efficacy of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-52c301bdfde5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Current Overview of Treatment for Metastatic Bone Disease", "authors": "Tsukamoto et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol28050290", "pmid": "34590591", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The number of patients with bone metastasis increases as medical management and surgery improve the overall survival of patients with cancer. Bone metastasis can cause skeletal complications, including bone pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord or nerve root compression, and hypercalcemia. Before initiation of treatment for bone metastasis, it is important to exclude primary bone malignancy, which would require a completely different therapeutic approach. It is essential to select surgical methods considering the patient's prognosis, quality of life, postoperative function, and risk of postoperative complications. Therefore, bone metastasis treatment requires a multidisciplinary team approach, including radiologists, oncologists, and orthopedic surgeons. Recently, many novel palliative treatment options have emerged for bone metastases, such as stereotactic body radiation therapy, radiopharmaceuticals, vertebroplasty, minimally invasive spine stabilization with percutaneous pedicle screws, acetabuloplasty, embolization, thermal ablation techniques, electrochemotherapy, and high-intensity focused ultrasound. These techniques are beneficial for patients who may not benefit from surgery or radiotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a5b8b3bb8538", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Is Effective in the Treatment of Bone Metastases", "authors": "Campanacci et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol29030139", "pmid": "35323339", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Bone metastases induce pain, risk of fracture, and neural compression, and reduced mobility and quality of life. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive local treatment based on a high-voltage electric pulse combined with an anticancer drug. Preclinical and clinical studies have supported the use of ECT in patients with metastatic bone disease, demonstrating that it does not damage the mineral structure of the bone and its regenerative capacity, and that is feasible and efficient for the treatment of bone metastases. Since 2009, 88 patients with bone metastasis have received ECT at the Rizzoli Institute. 2014 saw the start of a registry of patients with bone metastases treated with ECT, whose data are recorded in a shared database. We share the Rizzoli Institute experience of 38 patients treated with ECT for a bone metastasis, excluding patients not included in the registry (before 2014) and those treated with bone fixation. Mean follow-up was 2 months (1-52). Response to treatment using RECIST criteria was 29% objective responses, 59% stable disease, and 16% progressive disease. Using PERCIST, the response was 36% OR, 14% SD, and 50% PD with no significant differences between the two criteria. A significant decrease in pain and better quality of life was observed at FU.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0986c3d3e20b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Optimization of Transpedicular Electrode Insertion for Electroporation-Based Treatments of Vertebral Tumors", "authors": "Cindrič et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14215412", "pmid": "36358829", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based treatments such as electrochemotherapy and irreversible electroporation ablation have sparked interest with respect to their use in medicine. Treatment planning involves determining the best possible electrode positions and voltage amplitudes to ensure treatment of the entire clinical target volume (CTV). This process is mainly performed manually or with computationally intensive genetic algorithms. In this study, an algorithm was developed to optimize electrode positions for the electrochemotherapy of vertebral tumors without using computationally intensive methods. The algorithm considers the electric field distribution in the CTV, identifies undertreated areas, and uses this information to iteratively shift the electrodes from their initial positions to cover the entire CTV. The algorithm performs successfully for different spinal segments, tumor sizes, and positions within the vertebra. The average optimization time was 71 s with an average of 4.9 iterations performed. The algorithm significantly reduces the time and expertise required to create a treatment plan for vertebral tumors. This study serves as a proof of concept that electrode positions can be determined (semi-)automatically based on the spatial information of the electric field distribution in the target tissue. The algorithm is currently designed for the electrochemotherapy of vertebral tumors via a transpedicular approach but could be adapted for other anatomic sites in the future.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-05f816f61152", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Clinical considerations of bleomycin based electrochemotherapy with variable electrode geometry electrodes for inoperable, deep-seated soft tissue sarcomas", "authors": "Ottlakan et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108220", "pmid": "35987061", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The aim of the current prospective pilot study exclusively for deep-seated soft tissue sarcomas (STS) was to evaluate efficacy and safety of bleomycin-based ECT using VEG (variable electrode geometry) electrodes. During a 2-year period, seven surgically inoperable STSs were treated at the University of Szeged…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-75b8bd0a5db6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Bone Metastases A Systematic Review", "authors": "Bocchi et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm12196150", "pmid": "37834793", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and aim: Cancers are one of the most frequent causes of death and disability in humans. Skeletal involvement has a major impact on the quality of life and prognosis of cancer patients. Electrochemotherapy is a palliative and minimally invasive oncologic treatment that was first used to treat subcutaneous nodules for malignant tumors. The aim of our review is to evaluate the results of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of bone metastases. Methods: A systematic review of the literature indexed in the PubMed MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases using the search key words \"electrochemotherapy\" AND (\"metastasis\" OR \"metastases\") was performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses was followed. Inclusion criteria were proven involvement of the appendicular skeleton in metastatic carcinoma or melanoma, through at least one percutaneous electrochemotherapy session on the metastatic bone lesion. The exclusion criterion was no skeletal metastatic involvement. Results: Eight articles were finally included. We reached a population of 246 patients. The mean age and follow up were 60.1 years old and 11.4 months, respectively. The most represented primary tumor was breast cancer (18.9%). A total of 250 bone lesions were treated with electrochemotherapy. According to RECIST criteria, in our population we observed 55.5% stable diseases. The mean pre-electrochemotherapy VAS value was 6.9, which lowered to 2.7 after treatment. Adverse events occurred in 3.4% of patients. Conclusions: Electrochemotherapy as a minimally invasive and tissue-sparing treatment should be considered for patients with no other alternative to obtain tumor control and improvement in quality of life.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-53c5c8c127c5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Is the association of electrochemotherapy and bone fixation rational in patients with bone metastasis", "authors": "Cevolani et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.27247", "pmid": "36966436", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Bone metastases are frequent in patients with cancer. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive treatment based on a high-voltage electric pulse combined with an anticancer drug. Preclinical and clinical studies supported the use of ECT in patients with metastatic bone disease, demonstrating that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-54cbb6c9a66c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in radiotherapy-resistant epidural spinal cord compression in metastatic cancer patients", "authors": "Deschamps et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejca.2023.03.012", "pmid": "37030078", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: To report efficacy and safety of percutaneous electrochemotherapy (ECT) in patients with radiotherapy-resistant metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC). Material/ methods: This retrospective study analyzed all consecutive patients treated with bleomycin-based ECT between February-2020 and September-2022 in a single tertiary referral cancer center. Changes in pain were evaluated with the Numerical Rating Score (NRS), in neurological deficit with the Neurological Deficit Scale, and changes in epidural spinal cord compression were evaluated with the epidural spinal cord compression scale (ESCCS) using an MRI. Results: Forty consecutive solid tumour patients with previously radiated MESCC and no effective systemic treatment options were eligible. With a median follow-up of 5.1 months [1-19.1], toxicities were temporary acute radicular pain (25%), prolonged radicular hypoesthesia (10%), and paraplegia (7.5%). At 1 month, pain was significantly improved over baseline (median NRS: 1.0 [0-8] versus 7.0 [1.0-10], P < .001) and neurological benefits were considered as marked (28%), moderate (28%), stable (38%), or worse (8%). Three-month follow-up (21 patients) confirmed improved over baseline (median NRS: 2.0 [0-8] versus 6.0 [1.0-10], P < .001) and neurological benefits were considered as marked (38%), moderate (19%), stable (33.5%), and worse (9.5%). One-month post-treatment MRI (35 patients) demonstrated complete response in 46% of patients by ESCCS, partial response in 31%, stable disease in 23%, and no patients with progressive disease. Three-month post-treatment MRI (21 patients) demonstrated complete response in 28.5%, partial response in 38%, stable disease in 24%, and progressive disease in 9.5%. Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that ECT can rescue radiotherapy-resistant MESCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-af1cd20365ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Optimal Dosing and Patient Selection for Electrochemotherapy in Solid Abdominal Organ and Bone Tumors", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioengineering (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/bioengineering10080975", "pmid": "37627860", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The primary aim of this study was to analyze studies that use electrochemotherapy (ECT) in \"deep-seated\" tumors in solid organs (liver, kidney, bone metastasis, pancreas, and abdomen) and understand the similarities between patient selection, oncologic selection, and use of new procedures and technology across the organ systems to assess response rates. A literature search was conducted using the term \"Electrochemotherapy\" in the title field using publications from 2017 to 2023. After factoring in inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 studies were analyzed and graded based on quality in full. The authors determined key patient and oncologic selection characteristics and ECT technology employed across organ systems that yielded overall responses, complete responses, and partial responses of the treated tumor. It was determined that key selection factors included: the ability to be administered bleomycin, life expectancy greater than three months, unrespectability of the lesion being treated, and a later stage, more advanced cancer. Regarding oncologic selection, all patient cohorts had received chemotherapy or surgery previously but had disease recurrence, making ECT the only option for further treatment. Lastly, in terms of the use of technology, the authors found that studies with better response rates used the ClinporatorTM and updated procedural guidelines by SOP. Thus, by considering patient, oncologic, and technology selection, ECT can be further improved in treating lesions in solid organs.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-71ca5c76d271", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Spine Metastases: A Case Series Focused on Technical Aspects, Surgical Strategies and Results", "authors": "Angelini et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Diagnostics (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/diagnostics14090936", "pmid": "38732352", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Metastases are complications of primary tumors due to prolonged cancer survival and have become an important issue for oncological patients and the most frequent cause of death and disability. Bone metastases occur at a later stage of cancer disease, and the spine is the most frequent site. To date, the aim of the treatment of metastases remains to be the control of disease and provide a satisfactory quality of life. The decision making of treatment is influenced by several factors such as the status of the primary disease, the number of metastases, site involvement, and the performance status of the patients. For this reason, the treatment of metastases is challenging and undergoes constant development. Therefore, alternative techniques with respect to surgery, which is the first option but not always practicable, and radiochemotherapy are attractive. Lately, electrochemotherapy has emerged as an innovative method for treating various primary and metastatic solid tumors, showing promising outcomes in terms of inducing tumor tissue necrosis and alleviating symptoms. This technique uses electric pulses to increase the uptake of chemotherapy by tumor cells. Despite the initial enthusiasm and good results in the treatment of bone tumors, relatively few papers have described its use in spine metastases. Therefore, we conducted a systemic review of this intriguing topic while also reporting our experience in the use of electrochemotherapy for the treatment of spine metastases.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-416e56f03fb8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Application of pulsed electric field technology to skin engineering", "authors": "Berry-Kilgour", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Bioeng Biotechnol", "doi": "10.3389/fbioe.2024.1386725", "pmid": "38689761", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Tissue engineering encompasses a range of techniques that direct the growth of cells into a living tissue construct for regenerative medicine applications, disease models, drug discovery, and safety testing. These techniques have been implemented to alleviate the clinical burdens of impaired healing of skin, bone, and other tissues. Construct development requires the integration of tissue-specific cells and/or an extracellular matrix-mimicking biomaterial for structural support. Production of such constructs is generally expensive and environmentally costly, thus eco-sustainable approaches should be explored. Pulsed electric field (PEF) technology is a nonthermal physical processing method commonly used in food production and biomedical applications. In this review, the key principles of PEF and the application of PEF technology for skin engineering will be discussed, with an emphasis on how PEF can be applied to skin cells to modify their behaviour, and to biomaterials to assist in their isolation or sterilisation, or to modify their physical properties. The findings indicate that the success of PEF in tissue engineering will be reliant on systematic evaluation of key parameters, such as electric field strength, and their impact on different skin cell and biomaterial types. Linking tangible input parameters to biological responses critical to healing will assist with the development of PEF as a sustainable tool for skin repair and other tissue engineering applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e2cabf3c9d60", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "3D-cell phantom-experimental setup to assess thermal effects and cell viability of lung tumor cells after electroporation", "authors": "Müller et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-78339-w", "pmid": "39511318", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Medical devices and technologies must undergo extensive testing and validation before being certified for public healthcare use, especially in oncology where a high research focus is on new advancements. Human 3D-tissue models can offer valuable insights into cancer behavior and treatment efficacy. This study developed a cell phantom setup using a rattail collagen-based hydrogel to facilitate reproducible investigations into ablation techniques, focusing on electroporation (EP) for lung tumor cells. The temperature rise due to the treatment is a critical aspect based on other studies that have discovered non-neglectable temperature values. A realistic physiological, biological phantom is crucial for electrode material development, non-thermal ablation control, tumor cell behavior study, and image-guided treatment simulation. The test system comprises a standardized 3D-printed setup, a cell-mimicking hydrogel model cultivated with NIH3T3 and HCC-827 cell lines. The treatment is evaluated with an AlamarBlue assay and the temperature is monitored with a sensor and a non-invasive MR-thermometry. Results showed the reliability of the selected monitoring methods and especially the temperature monitoring displayed interesting insights. The thermal effect due to EP cannot be neglected and it has to be discussed if this technique is non-thermal. The lesions in the phantom were able to show apoptotic and necrotic regions. The EP further led to a change in viability. These results suggest that the phantom can mimic the response of soft tissue and is a useful tool for studying cellular response and damage caused by EP or other treatment techniques.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0e054edb00f1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Aggressive Hemangioma of the Spine: A Case Series and Narrative Literature Review", "authors": "Tedesco et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm13051239", "pmid": "38592093", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "(1) Background: this case series and literature review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of electrochemotherapy in the management of aggressive spinal hemangiomas, presenting two distinct cases. (2) Methods: we present two cases of spinal aggressive hemangioma which were refractory to conventional treatments and underwent electrochemotherapy. Case 1 involves a 50-year-old female who presented with an aggressive spinal hemangioma of L1, who previously underwent various treatments including surgery, radio-chemotherapy, and arterial embolization. Case 2 describes a 16-year-old female with a T12 vertebral hemangioma, previously treated with surgery and stabilization, who faced limitations in treatment options due to her young age and the location of the hemangioma. (3) Results: in Case 1, electrochemotherapy with bleomycin was administered following the failure of previous treatments and resulted in the reduction of the lesion size and improvement in clinical symptoms. In Case 2, electrochemotherapy was chosen due to the risks associated with other treatments and was completed without any adverse events. Both cases demonstrated the potential of electrochemotherapy as a viable treatment option for spinal hemangiomas, especially in complex or recurrent cases. (4) Conclusions: electrochemotherapy with bleomycin is a promising treatment for aggressive spinal hemangiomas when conventional therapies are not feasible or have failed. Further research is needed to establish definitive protocols and long-term outcomes of electrochemotherapy in spinal hemangioma management.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6b68b93e1500", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in metastatic epidural spinal cord compression a review and technical update", "authors": "Deschamps et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Br J Radiol", "doi": "10.1093/bjr/tqae219", "pmid": "39900516", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "This review aims to analyse the safety and clinical efficacy in terms of pain relief and local tumour control, in patients with metastatic epidural spinal cord compression undergoing electrochemotherapy (ECT). Moreover, a recommendation detailing optimal electrodes insertion is proposed with the intent of improving…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-828f838ef492", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of spinal metastasis using transpedicular approach: a preclinical safety animal study", "authors": "Deschamps et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur Radiol Exp", "doi": "10.1186/s41747-025-00607-9", "pmid": "40906057", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) of vertebral metastasis is a new treatment option for metastasis that is not accessible to thermal ablation or radiotherapy. A numerical feasibility study has investigated the transpedicular approach for electrode insertion. We conducted a preclinical study to assess its safety. Methods: Histologic examination of the spinal cord was performed in 12 consecutive pigs treated with ECT at three consecutive levels (T11, T12, and L1) to evaluate any cellular or vascular damage. Pigs of group A (n = 6) had an intraoperative neuromonitoring immediately for 1 h after ECT and then were euthanized. Pain and clinical symptoms were daily evaluated for group B (n = 3) and group C (n = 3) until day-3 and day-30, respectively. Results: At gross pathology, no apoptosis, no vascular/thrombosis or hemorrhagic focus was observed in any pig. Motor-evoked potential responses of the lower limbs were transiently lost in response in 5 of the 6 pigs, but complete recovery always occurred within 30 min. Clinical examination (groups B and C) revealed no symptoms during the follow-up. Pigs were all able to walk normally, without weakness or paralysis of the lower extremities. No urinary/fecal retention or incontinence was observed, nor any sign of pain. Conclusion: Our results confirm that the insertion of electrodes through the pedicles is safe for the ECT of vertebral metastases. Further studies are needed to evaluate the safety profile of ECT of vertebral metastases invading the cortical and epidural fat, which represents a privileged pathway for the electric field between the electrodes. Relevance statement: Electrochemotherapy of vertebral metastases should be performed using a transpedicular approach for the insertion of electrodes, without definitive sequelae at the spinal cord level. Key points: Electrochemotherapy is a new treatment for vertebral metastases not accessible to radiotherapy, but it could result in spinal cord injury related to electrical trauma. In a swine model, the transpedicular approach has demonstrated no definitive sequelae at intraoperative neuromonitoring and during clinical follow-up. Electrochemotherapy should be performed using a transpedicular approach to avoid spinal cord damage.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-459dec022d1a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "The Faraday Scalpel Electrochemical Nerve Lesioning Mechanisms Studied in Invertebrate Models", "authors": "Ondráčková", "year": 2026, "journal": "Adv Sci (Weinh)", "doi": "10.1002/advs.202523797", "pmid": "41841584", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrical lesioning of nervous tissue is a common surgical intervention and traditionally is carried out using high-amplitude high-frequency currents. These procedures ablate tissue via an irreversible thermocoagulation or electroporation mechanism. In this work, we explore an alternative concept of achieving lesioning using lower-amplitude direct currents (DC). DC is necessarily accompanied by faradaic reactions, which can lead to local chemical changes that affect nervous tissue. We elucidate the electrochemical mechanisms behind DC nerve lesioning using two disparate invertebrate models: the leech (Hirudo verbana) and the locust (Locusta migratoria). These represent convenient low-cost systems for investigating the effects of DC on nerve functionality with simultaneous in situ electrochemical characterization. Using thin film platinum electrodes, we find that discrete electrochemical processes and associated current magnitudes lead to different outcomes. The lowest current density regime leading to lesioning is cathodic < 100 µA/cm 2 , corresponding to the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). ORR leads to oxygen depletion near the electrode surface, thus causing hypoxic lesioning. Using positive and negative control experiments, we confirm this novel cathodic hypoxia lesioning mechanism. By using the conducting polymer PEDOT, which favors ORR with hydrogen peroxide as the product, we find that nerve lesioning proceeds with higher efficiency than with platinum, with hydrogen peroxide toxicity as the primary mechanism leading to lesioning. Higher-level cathodic DC (> 100 µA/cm 2 ) corresponds to water electrolysis and leads to more rapid nerve lesioning via local alkalization. Anodic DC also causes rapid nerve lesioning. We find that the current-induced damage apparently is not related to pH changes or water electrolysis, but likely to chloride oxidation and production of reactive chlorine species. Overall, these results reveal critical current densities that can damage nervous tissue via disparate electrochemical mechanisms. These findings lay a foundation for understanding cathodic and anodic DC current effects on neural tissues, informing experimental and device design for lesioning in mammals, and serving as a reference for neural interface safety margins.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-86e2213343cd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) for Spinal Cord-Compressing Vertebral Haemangioma Using Bipolar Needle Electrodes", "authors": "Siew et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-026-04496-2", "pmid": "42265477", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Vertebral haemangiomas are benign lesions that developed from vascular proliferation within bone marrow spaces [1]. As these malformations do not grow by mitotic activity and lack any malignant potential, its boundaries are often limited by bony trabeculae [1, 2]. As a result, vertebral haemangiomas are often seen as common incidental entities that do not require intervention [1, 2]. However, a small proportion can result in extraosseous extension into the spinal cord and cause compressive neurological symptoms. Recently, electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been shown to be an effective treatment modality for these localised tumours [2]. ECT utilises short intense electrical pulses to temporarily increase cell membrane permeability, enabling trans-membranous transportation of chemotherapeutic drugs into targeted cells [2]. This process is also known as electroporation.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-c5710934f28b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of cholangiocellular carcinoma at hepatic hilum A feasibility study", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.06.025", "pmid": "30017329", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Aim: We evaluated feasibility, safety and efficacy of Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in a prospective series of patients with unresectable Perihilar-Cholangiocarcinoma (PHCCA). Patients and methods: Five patients with PHCCA underwent ECT. Three patients underwent percutaneous ECT of a single PHCCA nodule. One patient…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3f86c3dd8f1c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "P.05.30 ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY OF CHOLANGIOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AT HEPATIC HILUM", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Digestive and Liver Disease", "doi": "10.1016/s1590-8658(19)30391-3", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "– OBJECTIVE: Cholangiocarcino- ma (CCA) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma. The current standard palliative treatment, chemotherapy regimen with gemcitabine and cisplatin, prolongs overall survival only of a few months. Established locoregional therapies are not a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cb74e78a2934", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Large Liver Blood Vessels and Bile Ducts Are Not Damaged by Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin in Pigs", "authors": "Zmuc et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-40395-y", "pmid": "30842517", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The first clinical studies on the use of electrochemotherapy to treat liver tumours that were not amenable to surgery or thermal ablation techniques have recently been published. However, there is still a lack of data on the effects of electrochemotherapy on normal liver tissue. Therefore, we designed a translational animal model study to test whether electrochemotherapy with bleomycin causes clinically significant damage to normal liver tissue, with emphasis on large blood vessels and bile ducts. We performed electrochemotherapy with bleomycin or delivered electric pulses alone using a potentially risky treatment strategy in eight pigs. Two and seven days after treatment, livers were explanted, and histological analysis was performed. Blood samples were collected before treatment and again before euthanasia to evaluate blood biomarkers of liver function and systemic inflammatory response. We found no thrombosis or other clinically significant damage to large blood vessels and bile ducts in the liver. No clinical or laboratory findings suggested impaired liver function or systemic inflammatory response. Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin does not cause clinically significant damage to normal liver tissue. Our study provides further evidence that electrochemotherapy with bleomycin is safe for treatment of patients with tumours near large blood vessels in the liver.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e5f108a074da", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "New Deployable Expandable Electrodes in the Electroporation Treatment in a Pig Model: A Feasibility and Usability Preliminary Study", "authors": "Izzo et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12020515", "pmid": "32102182", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "The aim of the study is to evaluate the usability aspects of new deployable, expandable, electrode prototypes, in terms of suitability solutions for laparoscopic applications on the liver, endoscopic trans-oral and trans-anal procedures, electroporation segmentation in several steps, mechanical functionality (flexibility, penetrability), visibility of the electrode under instrumental guidance, compatibility of the electrode with laparoscopic/endoscopic accesses, surgical instruments, and procedural room and safety compatibility. The electroporation was performed on an animal model (Sus Scrofa Large White 60 kg) both in laparoscopy and endoscopy, under ultrasound guidance, and in open surgery. Electrodes without divergence, with needles coming out straight, parallel to each other, and electrodes with peripheral needles (four needles), diverging from the electrode shaft axis (electrode with non-zero divergence) have been tested. To cause an evaluable necrosis effect, the number of electrical pulses was increased to induce immediate liver cell death. Histological samples were analyzed by staining with Haematoxylin/Eosin or by immunohistochemical staining to confirm complete necrosis. The prototypes of expandable electrodes, tested in laparoscopy and endoscopy and in open surgery, respectively, are suitable in terms of usability, electroporation segmentation in several steps, mechanical functionality (flexibility, penetrability), visibility under instrumental guidance, compatibility with laparoscopic/endoscopic accesses, surgical instruments and procedural room safety, patient safety (no bleeding and/or perforation), and treatment efficacy (adequate ablated volume). Electroporation treatment using new deployable expandable electrode prototypes is safe and feasible. Moreover, electrode configurations allow for a gradual increase in the ablated area in consecutive steps, as confirmed by histology and immunohistochemistry.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-82c510792599", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of cholangiocellular carcinoma at hepatic hilum a case report", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci", "doi": "10.26355/eurrev_202006_21698", "pmid": "32633399", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma. The current standard palliative treatment, chemotherapy regimen with gemcitabine and cisplatin, prolongs overall survival only of a few months. Established locoregional therapies are not a curative option or an alternative to surgery in the treatment of CCA. We report a case of a patient affected by a cholangiocellular carcinoma at hepatic hilum treated by Electrochemotherapy (ECT) at our oncologic center. Case presentation: A 71 years old male affected by a CCA at hepatic hilum was treated with ECT according to ESOPE guidelines. No complications occurred during ECT procedure. The patient was discharged after 10 days. The functional MR evaluation at 2 and at 4 months post-treatment showed a significant response without significant post-treatment adverse events. The Computed tomography (CT) assessment after 18 months did not show progression of disease. Conclusions: ECT is safe and its use could be suggested as a palliative treatment of advanced neoplastic lesions in which radical surgical treatment is not possible.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-sa" }, { "id": "ref-70c1c536d90f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Electrochemotherapy as a Bridge to Surgery in a Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Biliary Invasion and Liver Dysfunction: From Rescue to Cure", "authors": "Sallemi et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-025-04091-x", "pmid": "40473968", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with biliary invasion is an uncommon but highly challenging condition, often associated with obstructive jaundice, hepatic decompensation, and ineligibility for standard therapies [1]. In this setting, both curative surgery and standard locoregional therapies are often contraindicated due to the combination of biliary invasion, impaired liver function, and challenging tumor location. We report the case of a 76-year-old man with cirrhosis who presented with jaundice, fatigue, and weight loss. Laboratory findings showed total bilirubin 20.1 mg/dL, albumin 2.8 g/dL, and INR 1.6. Mild ascites was present without encephalopathy, consistent with Child–Pugh class B. Imaging revealed a 9 9 7 9 10 cm right-lobe HCC infiltrating the right hepatic duct with complete biliary confluence obstruction (Fig. 1). Three internal–external biliary drains were placed, reducing bilirubin to 9 mg/dL.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-7f19bef9b62f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy significantly inhibits the growth of colon 26 tumors in mice", "authors": "Tada et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Surg Today", "doi": "10.1007/bf02385803", "pmid": "9306543", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a novel antitumor treatment involving the systemic administration of bleomycin followed by the delivery of electrical pulses to the tumor. The present study investigates the effects of electrochemotherapy on the growth of colon 26 cells inoculated subcutaneously into the backs of BALB/c mice…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4452eb94e4b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Antitumor effect of electrochemotherapy on colorectal carcinoma in an orthotopic mouse model", "authors": "Kuriyama et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Int J Oncol", "doi": "10.3892/ijo.14.2.321", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization was shown to markedly increase the sensitivity of murine colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells to bleomycin (BLM), resulting in more than 2,500-fold higher susceptibility to BLM. Subsequent in vivo electrochemotherapy with BLM revealed profound antitumor effects on subcutaneous CRC tumors…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dae82f0d51d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy against colorectal carcinoma: comparison of in vitro cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and bleomycin", "authors": "Kuriyama et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Int J Oncol", "doi": "10.3892/ijo.15.1.89", "pmid": "10375598", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Effectiveness of electrochemotherapy against colorectal carcinoma (CRC) was investigated in vitro using murine CRC cell lines. Electropermeabilization did not increase the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil or cisplatin. Conversely, electropermeabilization markedly increased the sensitivity of CRC cells to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b937094f624d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy can eradicate established colorectal carcinoma and leaves a systemic protective memory in mice", "authors": "Kuriyama et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Int J Oncol", "doi": "10.3892/ijo.16.5.979", "pmid": "10762634", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Mice bearing subcutaneously established colorectal carcinoma (CRC) were given intratumoral, intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of various doses of bleomycin (BLM), followed by the delivery of direct current, square wave electric pulses to the tumor. Approximately 50% of animals treated with electrochemotherapy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3df268afd756", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer with Commonly Used Chemotherapeutic Agents in a Mouse Model", "authors": "Kuriyama et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Open MIND", "doi": "10.1023/A 1005565027969", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "openalex", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-c70d19265c88", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin against colorectal carcinoma in a mouse model: evaluations of the dose and administration route of the drug and the electric field intensity", "authors": "Mitoro et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Int J Oncol", "doi": "10.3892/ijo.16.1.97", "pmid": "10601553", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Effectiveness of electrochemotherapy against colorectal carcinoma (CRC) was evaluated in a mouse model. When mice with a subcutaneously established CRC tumor were administered intratumorally, intravenously or intraperitoneally with bleomycin (BLM) ranging from 1/50 to 1/2 of the 50% lethal dose, significant…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Metin katmanı yok; ilk sayfa görsel olarak doğrulandı", "ocrFlag": true, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d7ff81e199fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Potential Approach for Electrochemotherapy against Colorectal Carcinoma Using a Clinically Available Alternating Current System with Bipolar Snare in a Mouse Model", "authors": "Kuriyama et al", "year": 2001, "journal": "Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology", "doi": "10.1080/00365520121122", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Although electrochemotherapy appears promising for the treatment of superficial tumors, its usefulness against internal tumors, such as colorectal carcinoma (CRC), has not been well examined. Furthermore, since direct current electric pulses have been used for electropermeabilization of tumors in all in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4f11d266247d", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Generation of antitumor immunity against large colon tumors by repeated runs of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Gunji et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Hepatogastroenterology", "doi": null, "pmid": "15966202", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background/aims: Electrochemotherapy, which uses two parallel electrodes for delivery of electric pulses, may be useful for treatment of tumor nodules. However, in clinical fields, tumors that are larger than the distance between the two electrodes are frequently observed, and it would be difficult in such cases to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Metin katmanı yok", "ocrFlag": true, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-985210e3a38f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effects and possible anti-tumor immunity of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin on human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice", "authors": "Zheng", "year": 2005, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v11.i16.2426", "pmid": "15832412", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Aim: To evaluate the anti-tumor effects and possible involvement of anti-tumor immunity of electrochemotherapy (ECT) employing electroporation and bleomycin in human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice, and to establish the experimental basis for clinical application of ECT. Methods: Forty nude mice, inoculated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2c6cf2f0fcf4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "P80. Endoscopically targeted electrochemotherapy for the treatment of colorectal cancer", "authors": "Bourke et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2012.07.201", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of preoperative ultrasound with FNA for detecting axillary metastases in invasive breast cancer in a medium sized district general hospital. Methods: Retrospective review was performed of the formal axillary staging ultrasound reports of all patients presenting with invasive breast cancer during the 6 months preceding January 2012. All scans were carried out by one of three experienced breast radiologists with agreed criteria for differentiating lymph nodes as normal, reactive or malignant on the basis of size, shape, hilum, cortex, infiltration and vascularity. Ultrasonographic findings were compared with, where relevant, FNA cytology and histopathology; patent bleu sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-35521c7b3fbb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nanosecond electric pulse effects on gene expression", "authors": "Chopinet", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-013-9579-y", "pmid": "23831956", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfection using micro- or millisecond electric pulses is a well-established method for safe gene transfer. For efficient transfection, plasmid DNA has to reach the nucleus. Shorter, high-intensity nanosecond electric pulses (nsEPs) affect internal cell membranes and may contribute to an increased uptake of plasmid by the nucleus. In our study, nsEPs were applied to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells after classical gene electrotransfer, using micro- or millisecond pulses with a plasmid coding the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Time gaps between classical gene electrotransfer and nsEPs were varied (0.5, 2, 6 and 24 h) and three different nsEP parameters were used: 18 ns-10 kV/cm, 10 ns-40 kV/cm and 15 ns-60 kV/cm. Results analyzed by either fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry showed that neither the percentage of electrotransfected cells nor the amount of GFP expressed was increased by nsEP. All nsEP parameters also had no effects on GFP fluorescence intensity of human colorectal tumor cells (HCT-116) with constitutive expression of GFP. We thus conclude that nsEPs have no major contribution to gene electrotransfer in CHO cells and no effect on constitutive GFP expression in HCT-116 cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ebbc2f0dde38", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Rare Case of Anal Porocarcinoma Treated by Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Borgognoni et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Future Oncol", "doi": "10.2217/fon.14.141", "pmid": "25525852", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "We report the case of an old woman with an eccrine porocarcinoma unusually localized in the perianal area treated by electrochemotherapy, a new technique, emerging as a very effective local treatment of different skin metastases and selected primary tumors. Electrochemotherapy was performed taking into account patient…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-c334a796c0", "studyRelation": "correction-of", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:1", "belge-turu:duzeltme", "ayni-yayinci:10.2217" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-43a6c519d179", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin induces hallmarks of immunogenic cell death in murine colon cancer cells", "authors": "Calvet et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.4161/onci.28131", "pmid": "25083316", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local cancer treatment that has been used over the course of more than 2 decades for the removal of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. Several lines of evidence support the premise that the immune system is an important factor underlying anticancer treatment efficacy, potentially…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2e5627e09019", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "246. Electrochemotherapy for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant radiotherapy A case report", "authors": "Rega et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2014.08.239", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-04ee80be050c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium Electroporation: Evidence for Differential Effects in Normal and Malignant Cell Lines, Evaluated in a 3D Spheroid Model", "authors": "Frandsen et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0144028", "pmid": "26633834", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Calcium electroporation describes the use of high voltage electric pulses to introduce supraphysiological calcium concentrations into cells. This promising method is currently in clinical trial as an anti-cancer treatment. One very important issue is the relation between tumor cell kill efficacy-and normal cell sensitivity. Methods: Using a 3D spheroid cell culture model we have tested the effect of calcium electroporation and electrochemotherapy using bleomycin on three different human cancer cell lines: a colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29), a bladder transitional cell carcinoma (SW780), and a breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB231), as well as on primary normal human dermal fibroblasts (HDF-n). Results: The results showed a clear reduction in spheroid size in all three cancer cell spheroids three days after treatment with respectively calcium electroporation (p<0.0001) or electrochemotherapy using bleomycin (p<0.0001). Strikingly, the size of normal fibroblast spheroids was neither affected after calcium electroporation nor electrochemotherapy using bleomycin, indicating that calcium electroporation, like electrochemotherapy, will have limited adverse effects on the surrounding normal tissue when treating with calcium electroporation. The intracellular ATP level, which has previously been shown to be depleted after calcium electroporation, was measured in the spheroids after treatment. The results showed a dramatic decrease in the intracellular ATP level (p<0.01) in all four spheroid types-malignant as well as normal. Conclusion: In conclusion, calcium electroporation seems to be more effective in inducing cell death in cancer cell spheroids than in a normal fibroblast spheroid, even though intracellular ATP level is depleted in all spheroid types after treatment. These results may indicate an important therapeutic window for this therapy; although further studies are needed in vivo and in patients to investigate the effect of calcium electroporation on surrounding normal tissue when treating tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8b8a965c473e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant radiotherapy A case report", "authors": "Scala et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2014.10.037", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-c62f3ed67ebf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effective treatment of intractable cutaneous metastases of breast cancer with electrochemotherapy: Ten-year audit of single centre experience", "authors": "Bourke et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Breast Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1007/s10549-016-4046-y", "pmid": "27878392", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is the application of electric pulses to tumour tissue to render the cell membranes permeable to usually impermeant hydrophilic anti-cancer drugs, thereby enhancing cytotoxic effects. We sought to ascertain whether ECT can be an effective palliative treatment for cutaneous metastases…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d09c274138d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation and lipid nanoparticles with cyanine IR-780 and flavonoids as efficient vectors to enhanced drug delivery in colon cancer", "authors": "Kulbacka et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.02.013", "pmid": "26946158", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Nanocarriers and electroporation (also named electropermeabilization) are convenient methods to increase drug transport. In the current study, we present an effective support of drug delivery into cancer cells, utilizing these methods. We compare the efficiency of each of them and their combination. Multifunctional…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-30abbaf7ba79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effective treatment of intractable cutaneous metastases of breast cancer with electrochemotherapy: a useful contributor to cutaneous disease control", "authors": "Bourke et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Breast Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1007/s10549-017-4187-7", "pmid": "28315067", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", We read with interest Bourke et al.’s paper on the treatment of cutaneous metastases from breast cancer (BC) with electrochemotherapy (ECT) [1]. In a highly pretreated population—whose survival from the diagnosis of skin metastases was 36 months—ECT proved to be highly active, with only 25% of patients being non-responsive to treatment. Skin tumor involvement represents a challenging problem and a troublesome condition for patients who survive enough to experience its associated symptoms. In this context, the goal of locoregional treatments is tumor control and preservation of quality of life. During the last decade, ECT has been introduced as a skin-directed palliative therapy and, as such, it should aim at maximizing the efficacy-to-toxicity ratio. However, assessing the magnitude of treatment benefit is a difficult task. In fact, skin metastases show a wide range of manifestations (Fig. 1).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-7aa9da1bef13", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Erratum to: Effective treatment of intractable cutaneous metastases of breast cancer with electrochemotherapy: a useful contributor to cutaneous disease control", "authors": "Bourke et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Breast Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1007/s10549-017-4307-4", "pmid": "28551704", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-c018fd174a75", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium electroporation induces tumor eradication, long-lasting immunity and cytokine responses in the CT26 colon cancer mouse model", "authors": "Falk et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.1080/2162402x.2017.1301332", "pmid": "28638724", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is used in cancer treatment because of its ability to increase local cytotoxicity of e.g. bleomycin (electrochemotherapy) and calcium (calcium electroporation). Calcium electroporation is a novel anticancer treatment that selectively kills cancer cells by necrosis, a cell death pathway that stimulates…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eca0d8ee63cd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium electroporation for the treatment of colorectal cancer calcium endove – preliminary results", "authors": "Broholm et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.409", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electroporation is a method used to permeabilize cell membranes with high voltage pulses. As a result, an increased flow of molecules across the cell membrane is observed, and allows passage of otherwise poorly or non-permeating substances such as chemotherapy (electrochemotherapy) or calcium (calcium electroporation). Recent studies have shown that calcium electroporation efficiently eliminates cancer cells, and furthermore, potentially initiates a favorable systemic immunologic response. Additionally, studies show that cancer cells are vulnerable to the treatment, whereas normal cells are more resistant to calcium electroporation. The aim of this study is to determine safety of calcium electroporation for colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: A total of 6 patients with inoperable colorectal cancer are expected to be included in the study. All patients will have been offered the standard of care before entering the protocol.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-91370ad0d1ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Plasma-Activated Liquids in a Three-Dimensional Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Model", "authors": "Griseti et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-44087-5", "pmid": "31110227", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları" ], "abstract": "Cold atmospheric plasma and more recently, plasma-activated liquids (culture media, water or buffered solutions previously exposed to plasma), are gathering momentum in cancer cells treatment. Nevertheless, in vitro tests show that this novel approach is sometimes less efficient than expected. We here evaluate the mechanisms of action of the plasma-activated PBS and suggest to use electropermeabilization (EP) in combination with the plasma-activated phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), in order to potentiate the cytotoxic effect of the plasma activated liquid. Human multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), a three-dimensional cell model, which resembles small avascular tumors, was used to define the optimal treatment conditions for single and dual-mode treatments. MCTS growth, viability, and global morphological changes were assessed by live cell video-microscopy. In addition, the induction of caspases activation, the appearance of DNA damages, and cell membrane permeabilization, as well as the early modifications in the cellular ultrastructure, were examined by immunofluorescence, propidium iodide staining, confocal fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Altogether, our results show that a combined treatment resulted in an earlier onset of DNA damage and caspases activation, which completely abolished MCTS growth. This report is a proof of concept study evidencing that electropermeabilization greatly potentiates the cytotoxic effect of plasma-activated PBS in vitro in a three-dimensional cancer cell model.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8e4f6a03986b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Accompanied by Immunogenic Cell Death in Murine Models of Lymphoma and Colorectal Cancer", "authors": "Rossi et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11122034", "pmid": "31861079", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Depending on the initiating stimulus, cancer cell death can be immunogenic or non-immunogenic. Inducers of immunogenic cell death (ICD) rely on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress for the trafficking of danger signals such as calreticulin (CRT) and ATP. We found that nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF), an emerging new modality for tumor ablation, cause the activation of the ER-resident stress sensor PERK in both CT-26 colon carcinoma and EL-4 lymphoma cells. PERK activation correlates with sustained CRT exposure on the cell plasma membrane and apoptosis induction in both nsPEF-treated cell lines. Our results show that, in CT-26 cells, the activity of caspase-3/7 was increased fourteen-fold as compared with four-fold in EL-4 cells. Moreover, while nsPEF treatments induced the release of the ICD hallmark HMGB1 in both cell lines, extracellular ATP was detected only in CT-26. Finally, in vaccination assays, CT-26 cells treated with nsPEF or doxorubicin equally impaired the growth of tumors at challenge sites eliciting a protective anticancer immune response in 78% and 80% of the animals, respectively. As compared to CT-26, both nsPEF- and mitoxantrone-treated EL-4 cells had a less pronounced effect and protected 50% and 20% of the animals, respectively. These results support our conclusion that nsPEF induce ER stress, accompanied by bona fide ICD.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4b950ee98c47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin increases survival and induces immunogenic responses in murine models of lung cancer and colorectal cancer", "authors": "Tremble et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.canlet.2018.11.015", "pmid": "30472183", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an emerging treatment modality for cancer patients which can effectively reduce tumour burden and induce immunogenic cell death. Electrochemotherapy is most commonly used with bleomycin as the drug of choice, here we examine the efficacy of electrochemotherapy with cisplatin. Electrochemotherapy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4a03720f4ab3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for colorectal cancer using endoscopic electroporation: a phase 1 clinical study", "authors": "Falk Hansen et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Endosc Int Open", "doi": "10.1055/a-1027-6735", "pmid": "32010744", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background and study aims Electrochemotherapy is an anticancer treatment that uses electric pulses to facilitate uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs in tumor cells and has proven to have a high local cytotoxic effect with minimal adverse events. Electrochemotherapy has mostly been used in treatment of cutaneous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6e3da0331337", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Anorectal adenocarcinoma recurrence successfully treated with electrochemotherapy a case report", "authors": "Ferioli et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/cad.0000000000000838", "pmid": "31567310", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Anal canal adenocarcinoma is generally treated like rectal cancer. Surgery is the standard treatment in early stages and neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced tumors. Local recurrences treatment paradigm often depends on the previous therapies of either surgery or radiotherapy or systemic therapy. We present…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-80c024ef4688", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium Delivery by Electroporation Induces In Vitro Cell Death through Mitochondrial Dysfunction without DNA Damages", "authors": "Gibot et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12020425", "pmid": "32059457", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Adolescent cancer survivors present increased risks of developing secondary malignancies due to cancer therapy. Electrochemotherapy is a promising anti-cancer approach that potentiates the cytotoxic effect of drugs by application of external electric field pulses. Clinicians proposed to associate electroporation and calcium. The current study aims to unravel the toxic mechanisms of calcium electroporation, in particular if calcium presents a genotoxic profile and if its cytotoxicity comes from the ion itself or from osmotic stress. Human dermal fibroblasts and colorectal HCT-116 cell line were treated by electrochemotherapy using bleomycin, cisplatin, calcium, or magnesium. Genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP content, and caspases activities were assessed in cells grown on monolayers and tumor growth was assayed in tumor spheroids. Results in monolayers show that unlike cisplatin and bleomycin, calcium electroporation induces cell death without genotoxicity induction. Its cytotoxicity correlates with a dramatic fall in mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP depletion. Opposite of magnesium, over seven days of calcium electroporation led to spheroid tumor growth regression. As non-genotoxic, calcium has a better safety profile than conventional anticancer drugs. Calcium is already authorized by different health authorities worldwide. Therefore, calcium electroporation should be a cancer treatment of choice due to the reduced potential of secondary malignancies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d55e89a2f56e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Impact of Extracellular Ca 2+ and Nanosecond Electric Pulses on Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Human Breast and Colon Cancer Cells", "authors": "Kulbacka", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13133216", "pmid": "34203184", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "(1) Background: Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is based on the application of electrical pulses to permeabilize cells (electroporation) and allow cytotoxic doses of calcium to enter the cell. (2) Methods: In this work, we have used doxorubicin-resistant (DX) and non-resistant models of human breast cancer (MCF-7/DX, MCF-7/WT) and colon cancer cells (LoVo, LoVo/DX), and investigated the susceptibility of the cells to extracellular Ca 2+ and electric fields in the 20 ns-900 ns pulse duration range. (3) Results: We have observed that colon cancer cells were less susceptible to PEF than breast cancer cells. An extracellular Ca 2+ (2 mM) with PEF was more disruptive for DX-resistant cells. The expression of glycoprotein P (MDR1, P-gp) as a drug resistance marker was detected by the immunofluorescent (CLSM) method and rhodamine-123 efflux as an MDR1 activity. MDR1 expression was not significantly modified by nanosecond electroporation in multidrug-resistant cells, but a combination with calcium ions significantly inhibited MDR1 activity and cell viability. (4) Conclusions: We believe that PEF with calcium ions can reduce drug resistance by inhibiting drug efflux activity. This phenomenon of MDR mechanism disruption seems promising in anticancer protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-00702109da00", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Organ Sparing for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Treatment Followed by Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Rega et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13133199", "pmid": "34206858", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Currently, 45-55% of rectal cancer patients receive preoperative chemo- radio-therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (LARC). The idea of our study is to use Electrochemotherapy (ECT) before surgery, in patients with major clinical response after neoadjuvant therapy, to allow for a more conservative surgical approach. Objective: To evaluate the increase of the complete response rate after neoadjuvant treatment in LARC and to spare organ function due to total mesorectal excision (TME). Patients and methods: This is a Phase II randomized controlled trial enrolling 70 patients that will be developed in two stages. In the first step, 28 patients will be enrolled: 14 of these will receive ECT for four weeks after neo-adjuvant treatment and then local excision (treatment group) and 14 patients will receive neo-adjuvant treatment and then local excision (control group). If an increase of response rate is observed in the first stage, and/or feasibility/safety is demonstrated, the second stage of the trial will be performed, enrolling an additional 42 patients. The treatment response. in both the control arm and the treatment arm, will be assessed using the histopathological tumor regression grade on tissue specimens after local excision.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b08e0e3e8046", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Influence of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on chemotherapy and electrochemotherapy efficacy in human Caco-2 colon cancer cells", "authors": "Alkis et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.1080/15368378.2022.2046047", "pmid": "35261297", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Although chemotherapy (CT) has some adverse effects on healthy tissues and cells, it is widely preferred for treating patients with cancer. Drug resistance is one of the major impediments to successful cancer treatment. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a technique where cancer cells are rendered permeable to medications…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-897822be77f6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Primary Colon Rectum Cancer and Local Recurrence: Case Report and Prospective Analysis", "authors": "Rega et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm11102745", "pmid": "35628872", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose: Surgery, radiotherapy, and oncological treatment (chemotherapy and antineoplastic antibodies) are standard treatments of rectal cancer. ECT has shown its effectiveness and suitability in deep solid tumors conducted in both preclinical and clinical studies. We show here an update and preliminary results with locally advanced rectum cancer (LARC) treated with ECT. Methods: Two patients with major clinical response to restaging after neoadjuvant treatment for LARC were subjected to ECT 12 weeks after completing chemo-radiation therapy. One patient was subjected to ECT on a colorectal local recurrence formed after neoadjuvant treatment for LARC and surgery. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging were used to assess ECT response. Results: The results showed stable disease in two of the three patients treated, while one patient achieved a complete response. The local control of disease is maintained in the patient follow-up. For each patient, a reduction in pain was observed and for the patient with local recurrence, a reduction in bleeding present before ECT was also achieved. Conclusion: Preliminary results showed that ECT is a safe and effective treatment in patients with a major clinical response or local recurrence after neoadjuvant therapy for LARC and allows a reduction in pain and bleeding with a consequent improvement to quality of life.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6cf065e90fdb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for solid tumors literature review and presentation of a novel endoscopic approach", "authors": "Schipilliti et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2022-0022", "pmid": "35776844", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive and safe treatment gaining positive and long-lasting antitumoral results that are receiving the attention of the scientific community. It is a local treatment that combines the use of electroporation and the administration of cytotoxic drugs to induce cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4be738b519ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Endoscopic calcium electroporation for colorectal cancer a phase I study", "authors": "Broholm", "year": 2023, "journal": "Endosc Int Open", "doi": "10.1055/a-2033-9831", "pmid": "37180313", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Background and study aims Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies, with approximately 20 % of patients having metastatic disease. Local symptoms from the tumor remain a common issue and affect quality of life. Electroporation is a method to permeabilize cell membranes with high-voltage pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1ddc17caf2a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Neoadjuvant calcium electroporation for potentially curable colorectal cancer", "authors": "Broholm et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Surg Endosc", "doi": "10.1007/s00464-023-10557-1", "pmid": "38017160", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Background: The development of new perioperative treatment modalities to activate the immune system in colorectal cancer might have a beneficial effect on reducing the risk of recurrence after surgery. Calcium electroporation is a promising treatment modality that potentially modulates the tumor microenvironment. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c4fc1ed5422c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Antagonistic and Synergistic Role of Fe 3+ Compounds in Chemo- and Electrochemotherapy in Human Colon Cancer In Vitro", "authors": "Szlasa et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Pharmaceuticals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ph17050651", "pmid": "38794222", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Colon cancer (CC) management includes surgery, radio- and chemotherapy based on treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or its derivatives. However, its application is limited to low-grade carcinomas. Thus, much research has been conducted to introduce new techniques and drugs to the therapy. CC mostly affects older people suffering from cardiac diseases, where iron compounds are commonly used. Ferric citrate and iron (III)-EDTA complexes have proven to be effective in colon cancer in vitro. This study aimed to determine the potency and action of iron-containing compounds in colon cancer treatment by chemo- and electrochemotherapy in both nano- and microsecond protocols. The viability of the cells was assessed after standalone iron (III) citrate and iron (III)-EDTA incubation. Both compounds were also assessed with 5-FU to determine the combination index. Additionally, frataxin expression was taken as the quantitative response to the exposition of iron compounds. Each of the substances exhibited a cytotoxic effect on the LoVo cell line. Electroporation with standalone drugs revealed the potency of 5-FU and iron(III)-EDTA in CC treatment. The combination of 5-FU with iron(III)-EDTA acted synergistically, increasing the viability of the cells in the nanosecond electrochemotherapy protocol. Iron(III)-EDTA decreased the frataxin expression, thus inducing ferroptosis. Iron(III) citrate induced the progression of cancer; therefore, it should not be considered as a potential therapeutic option. The relatively low stability of iron(III) citrate leads to the delivery of citrate anions to cancer cells, which could increase the Krebs cycle rate and promote progression.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-70ba2d5dfc07", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Palliative Luminal Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Using Endoscopic Calcium-Electroporation: First Case Series from United Kingdom", "authors": "Adeyeye", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm14124138", "pmid": "40565892", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy, the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and the third most prevalent tumor. Around 20% of cases are metastatic or inoperable at diagnosis, often requiring palliative treatment, which may not be feasible in frail patients. Calcium-electroporation, a less invasive alternative, induces cell death via apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. This study is the first in the United Kingdom to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic calcium-electroporation in palliating distal CRC. Methods : Frail patients with inoperable left-sided CRC were included. The diagnosis and staging followed standard guidelines, while frailty was assessed using the performance status (PFS), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score. Calcium electroporation was performed via a flexible endoscopy usually under sedation, with symptom relief, quality of life (QoL), survival, and adverse events (AE) monitored. Results: Sixteen patients (median age 84.5) underwent 36 treatments with electroporation over 28 months (November 2022 to March 2025). The incidence of common symptoms was rectal bleeding (75%), constipation (25%), and pain (75%). Nine patients had metastases and three had failed conventional treatments. Symptomatic relief and an improved QoL occurred in 86.7%, with transfusion/iron infusion needs reduced by 91.7%. The median cancer-specific survival was 10 months, with a 94% survival rate. No device-related AE was recorded. One patient died after 11 months due to disease progression while two patients passed away from other medical conditions. Conclusions : Endoscopic calcium electroporation is a safe, palliative option effective for tumor reduction and symptomatic relief in frail CRC patients unfit for conventional therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4b9bd8cee06d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Palliative Luminal Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Using Endoscopic Calcium-Electroporation: First Case Series from the United Kingdom", "authors": "Adeyeye", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202506.0765.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy, the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and the third most prevalent tumor. Around 20% of cases are metastatic or inoperable at diagnosis, often requiring palliative treatment, which may not be feasible in frail patients. Calcium-electroporation, a less invasive alternative, induces cell death via apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. This study is the first in the United Kingdom, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic calcium-electroporation in palliating distal CRC. Methods: Frail patients with inoperable left-sided CRC were included. Diagnosis and staging followed standard guidelines, while frailty was assessed using performance status (PFS), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score. Calcium-electroporation was performed via flexible endoscopy usually under sedation, with symptom relief, quality of life (QoL), survival, and adverse events (AE) monitored. Results: Sixteen patients (median age 84.5) underwent 36 treatments with electroporation over 28 months (November 2022 to March 2025). The incidence of common symptoms was rectal bleeding (75%), constipation (25%), and pain (75%). Nine patients had metastases, and three had failed conventional treatment. Symptomatic relief and improved QoL occurred in 86.7%, with transfusion/iron infusion needs reduced by 91.7%. Median cancer-specific survival was 10 months, with a 94% survival rate. No device-related AE was recorded. One patient died after 11 months due to disease progression while 2 patients passed away from other medical conditions.Conclusions: Endoscopic calcium-electroporation is a safe, palliative option effective for tumour reduction and symptomatic relief in frail CRC patients unfit for conventional therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bf894a1ff428", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Establishing a Salvage Endoscopic Electroporation (SEE) Service for Colorectal Cancer: The King's Protocol for Clinical Implementation", "authors": "Adeyeye et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm14238436", "pmid": "41375739", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Endoscopic Electroporation (EE) is an innovative minimally invasive therapy that utilises short electrical pulses combined with intratumoural (IT) calcium or IT/intravenous (IV) chemotherapy to induce tumour cell death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Based on electrochemotherapy protocols developed for the treatment of skin cancers, EE has shown promising results in salvage therapy, local tumour control, and symptom palliation, particularly in patients who are unsuitable for surgery or standard treatments. Objective: To establish, for the first time, a comprehensive and standardised protocol for setting up a Salvage Endoscopic Electroporation (SEE) service in CRC clinical practice, covering multidisciplinary patient selection, procedural steps, equipment needs, and follow-up care. Methods: Drawing from the European Standard Operating Procedures of Electrochemotherapy (ESOPE) and emerging clinical evidence on EE from King's College London, we detail infrastructure, treatment delivery, and monitoring for CRC. Key procedural elements, safety considerations, and patient management strategies are outlined. Electroporation pulses were delivered using the Conformité Européenne (CE) approved ePORE ® electroporation generator and single-use CE-marked EndoVE ® probe (Mirai Medical, Galway, Ireland). Results: Tumour assessment involves both clinical evaluation and endoscopic imaging, with radiological correlation. EE treatment has been safely carried out under sedation using specialised endoscopic probes, leading to effective local tumour response, symptomatic relief, and improved quality of life. Follow-up schedules allow for timely assessment of treatment response and enable repeat treatments if needed. Conclusions: This novel protocol provides a practical framework for centres aiming to implement SEE services, promoting consistency, safety, and better patient outcomes. Future prospective studies will refine indications and improve integration of this approach into colorectal cancer management pathways.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-fc93558c56", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:adeyeye", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.20944/preprints" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-4e65a7e57388" }, { "id": "ref-4e65a7e57388", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Establishing a Salvage Endoscopic Electroporation (SEE) Service for Colorectal Cancer: The King’s Protocol for Clinical Implementation", "authors": "Adeyeye et al", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202509.2533.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Endoscopic Electroporation (EE) is an innovative minimally invasive therapy that utilises short electrical pulses combined with intratumoural (IT) calcium or IT/ intravenous (IV) chemotherapy to induce tumour cell death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Based on electrochemotherapy protocols developed for the treatment of skin cancers, EE has shown promising results in salvage therapy, local tumour control, and symptom palliation, particularly in patients who are unsuitable for surgery or standard treatments. Objective: To establish, for the first time, a comprehensive and standardised protocol for setting up a Salvage Endoscopic Electroporation (SEE) service in CRC clinical prac-tice, covering multidisciplinary patient selection, procedural steps, equipment needs, and follow-up care. Methods: Drawing from the European Standard Operating Procedures of Elec-trochemotherapy (ESOPE) and emerging clinical evidence on EE from King’s College London, we detail infrastructure, treatment delivery, and monitoring for CRC. Key procedural elements, safety considerations, and patient management strategies are outlined. Electroporation pulses were delivered using the Conformité Européenne (CE) approved ePORE® electroporation generator and single-use CE-marked EndoVE® probe (Mirai Medical, Galway, Ireland). Results: Tumour assessment involves both clinical evaluation and endoscopic imaging, with radiological correlation. EE treatment has been safely carried out under sedation using specialised endoscopic probes, leading to effective local tumour response, symptomatic relief, and improved quality of life. Follow-up schedules allow for timely assessment of treatment response and enable repeat treatments if needed. Conclusions: This novel protocol provides a practical framework for centres aiming to implement SEE services, promoting consistency, safety, and better patient outcomes. Future prospective studies will refine indications and improve integration of this ap-proach into colorectal cancer management pathways.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-fc93558c56", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:adeyeye", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.20944/preprints" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-4e65a7e57388" }, { "id": "ref-41131e070711", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Transcriptomic analysis of the immune response to in vivo gene electrotransfer in colorectal cancer", "authors": "De", "year": 2025, "journal": "Mol Ther Nucleic Acids", "doi": "10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102448", "pmid": "39967849", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer (GET) has recently emerged as an effective nonviral approach for plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery in gene therapy for several pathologies, including cancer. Multiple mechanisms have been identified that influence cell biology after GET, as electroporation significantly increases pDNA uptake and immunogenicity, which may directly influence target cell death. However, the molecular effects of in vivo electroporation-mediated DNA delivery have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the transcriptomes of murine colorectal tumors treated with two protocols, short- and high-voltage (SHV) electric pulses or an adapted high-voltage-low-voltage (HV-LV) pulse protocol, both of which are used for reversible electroporation. Although no significant differences in clinical outcomes were observed, variations in intratumoral macrophage infiltration were reported between the two treatment methods. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that apoptosis is a predominant mode of cell death after GET by SHV pulses, whereas GET by HV-LV pulses is associated with immunogenic necrotic pathways as well as the activation of both the innate and adaptive immune response. We demonstrated that specific pulse parameters can induce distinct immunomodulatory profiles in the tumor microenvironment; therefore, these aspects should be considered carefully when selecting the most suitable GET-based approach for antitumor immunization.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f94d9afc251b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium electroporation induces stress response through upregulation of HSP27, HSP70, aspartate β-hydroxylase, and CD133 in human colon cancer cells", "authors": "Szewczyk", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biol Res", "doi": "10.1186/s40659-025-00591-9", "pmid": "39980072", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation (EP) leverages electric pulses to permeabilize cell membranes, enabling the delivery of therapeutic agents like calcium in cancer treatment. Calcium electroporation (CaEP) induces a rapid influx of calcium ions, disrupting cellular calcium homeostasis and triggering cell death pathways. This study aims to compare the cellular responses between microsecond (µsEP) and nanosecond (nsEP) electroporation, particularly in terms of oxidative stress, immune response activation, and cancer stem cell (CSC) viability in drug-resistant (LoVo Dx) and non-resistant (LoVo) colorectal cancer cell lines. Results: Both µsEP and nsEP, particularly when combined with Ca 2+ , significantly reduced the viability of cancer cells, with nsEP showing greater efficacy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased 5-fold in malignant cells following nsEP, correlating with decreased ATP production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nanosecond CaEP (nsCaEP) also induced significant expression of aspartate-β-hydroxylase (ASPH), a protein linked to calcium homeostasis and tumor progression. Moreover, nsEP led to heightened expression of heat shock proteins (HSP27/70), indicating potential immune activation. Interestingly, nsEP without calcium drastically reduced the expression of CD133, a marker for CSCs, while the addition of Ca 2+ preserved CD133 expression. The expression of death effector domain-containing DNA binding protein (DEDD), associated with apoptosis, was significantly elevated in treated cancer cells, especially in the nucleus after nsCaEP. Conclusions: The study confirms that nsEP is more effective than µsEP in disrupting cancer cell viability, enhancing oxidative stress, and triggering immune responses, likely through HSP overexpression and ROS generation. nsEP also appears to reduce CSC viability, offering a promising therapeutic approach. However, preserving CD133 expression in the presence of calcium suggests complex interactions that require further investigation. These findings highlight the potential of nsCaEP as an innovative strategy for targeting both cancer cells and CSCs, potentially improving treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer. Further studies are needed to explore the exact cell death mechanisms and optimize protocols for clinical applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-292cc06328bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Endoscopic Electroporation in Colorectal Neoplasia: Evidence, Clinical Classification and the SENTAL Framework for Controlled Adoption", "authors": "Adeyeye et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202606.0194.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Endoscopic electroporation — including electrochemotherapy, calcium electroporation, irreversible electroporation and pulsed-field ablation — is an intended non-thermal, configuration-dependent platform increasingly applied to selected colorectal neoplasms. Early experience suggests roles in palliative haemostasis, luminal symptom control and local disease management, but the field is heterogeneous and methodologically immature, and uncontrolled diffusion is a real risk. Methods: We performed a narrative review of the mechanistic, preclinical and clinical literature on electroporation-based therapies relevant to colorectal neoplasia, with emphasis on endoscopic delivery, and synthesised the governance and reporting requirements for responsible adoption. Results: Mechanistically, reversible electroporation underpins electrochemotherapy and calcium electroporation, while irreversible electroporation and pulsed-field ablation produce drug-free, predominantly non-thermal cell death; these modes are not interchangeable. Across published colorectal cohorts the most consistent signal is for palliative haemostatic and symptom-control use; salvage, local-control and complex-polyp applications are less mature, and organ-preservation, immune-priming and neoadjuvant uses remain investigational. A recurring weakness is that effect depends on a configuration of patient, lesion and procedural parameters that current reporting frequently omits, so that “treatment delivered” is an inadequate unit of analysis. To address this, we propose SENTAL (Special Endoscopic Non-Thermal Ablation Therapy) as a service model: a two-axis classification (clinical intent first, timing/role modifier second), a six-domain minimum dataset with structured CTCAE and Clavien–Dindo safety grading that distinguishes “none” from “not recorded”, denominator-disciplined outcome reporting, and a four-layer governance cycle. Conclusions: Endoscopic electroporation should be adopted as a controlled clinical-learning process rather than diffused on the basis of favourable anecdotes. A configuration-dependent bioelectric therapy requires a configuration-aware clinical service, disciplined vocabulary and registry-linked governance to generate evidence adequate for health-technology appraisal.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a5028808840c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "How to Integrate Surgery into the Multidisciplinary Treatment of Liver-Only Metastatic Colorectal Cancer", "authors": "Pérez-Santiago et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers18030489", "pmid": "41681961", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) represent a major determinant of prognosis in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and account for a substantial proportion of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Over the last decades, survival outcomes have improved significantly as a result of advances in systemic therapies, refinement of surgical techniques, and, most importantly, the widespread implementation of multidisciplinary management strategies. Within this evolving landscape, surgery remains the cornerstone of potentially curative treatment, although its optimal integration with systemic and locoregional therapies requires careful patient selection and individualized treatment planning. Methods: This narrative review explores the contemporary role of surgery within the multidisciplinary management of CRLM, emphasizing how surgical decision-making is integrated with medical oncology, radiology, interventional procedures, and emerging technologies. Results: The pivotal role of multidisciplinary team meetings in defining resectability, treatment sequencing, and therapeutic intent is highlighted. Key technical and oncological criteria guiding upfront resection, neoadjuvant or conversion strategies, and staged approaches are reviewed, including assessment of future liver remnant, optimization of liver volume and function, tumor burden, molecular profile, and dynamic prognostic models. In addition, the review summarizes current evidence supporting parenchyma-sparing liver surgery and the integration of local therapies such as thermal ablation, irreversible electroporation, stereotactic body radiotherapy, selective internal radiation therapy, and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy within multimodal treatment algorithms. Complex clinical scenarios, including synchronous disease, extensive bilobar metastases, chemotherapy-associated liver injury, and the emerging role of liver transplantation in highly selected patients with liver-only disease, are also addressed. Conclusions: Modern CRLM management has evolved toward a highly individualized, biology-driven approach in which surgery is optimally integrated within a multidisciplinary framework to maximize curative potential and long-term survival.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-21eab952a67a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effects of electrochemotherapy on cutaneous metastases of human malignant melanoma", "authors": "Giraud et al", "year": 1996, "journal": "Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys", "doi": "10.1016/S0360-3016(97)81378-8", "pmid": "8985060", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Infusional brachytherapy, the use of macroaggregated albumin and colloidal 32P in solid tumors, has been easy to reproduce in the clinic in Uppsala, Sweden; Brussels, Belgium; Seoul, Korea; and in pancreatic cancer specifically, in Hoag Cancer Center in Orange County, California and University of Ohio, Toledo, OH. However, the mechanism, involved in the permanent implantation of the colloidal 32P has remained elusive. Macroaggregated albumin is necessary for the long-term retention of the initial infusion of the colloidal 32P in clinical applications. However, in the rodents, we have found that the macroaggregated albumin is not necessary. Therefore we are seeking a better model of the clinical situation. This is a reverse of previous experience where new techniques arc very adaptable in the laboratory but not reproducible in the clinic.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-3f666ed84998", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Bleomycin-Mediated Electrochemotherapy of Metastatic Melanoma", "authors": "Glass", "year": 1996, "journal": "Arch Dermatol", "doi": "10.1001/archderm.1996.03890350095015", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background Electroporation is a new technique that enhances the antitumor effects of chemotherapy by exposing cancerous tissues to pulses of electricity. When used in combination with conventional chemotherapy, the procedure is termed electrochemotherapy (ECT). The electric pulses increase cell membrane permeability…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bf857b003739", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effective treatment of B16 melanoma by direct delivery of bleomycin using electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Heller et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-199702000-00003", "pmid": "9067960", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), chemotherapy administered in combination with electric fields, has the potential to be an effective localized treatment for cutaneous malignancies. Bleomycin's cytotoxicity was enhanced by exposing tumour cells to electrical fields following intravenous injection of the chemotherapeutic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-371c83e7b466", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Efficient palliation of haemorrhaging malignant melanoma skin metastases by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Gehl et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-200012000-00011", "pmid": "11198481", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electric pulses can cause transient permeabilization of cell membranes (electroporation) and this can be utilized to increase the uptake of chemotherapy (electrochemotherapy). Preclinical studies have shown that in vivo electroporation causes transient shut down of blood flow both in normal and, in particular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Clinical Trial", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-96d76b6cafe8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "In vivo electroporation of plasmids encoding GM-CSF or interleukin-2 into existing B16 melanomas combined with electrochemotherapy induces long-term antitumour immunity", "authors": "Heller et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-200012000-00010", "pmid": "11198480", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "When cancer cells, including melanoma cells, are genetically altered to secrete cytokines, irradiated and injected into subjects, long-term antitumour immunity is induced. Optimally, existing melanomas induced to produce cytokines in vivo could stimulate this same immune response. Although in vivo electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c15de64da5db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of cutaneous metastases in malignant melanoma", "authors": "Rols et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-200010000-00009", "pmid": "11095408", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new anticancer therapy in which transient permeabilization of cells by an electric field induces a significant increase in the bleomycin concentration and toxicity in tumour cells. We report a clinical study of electrochemotherapy in malignant melanoma. The main issues addressed were the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-aaef3d9d95a0", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Cisplatin Clinical Experience in Malignant Melanoma Patients", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Clin Cancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "10741708", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy consists of chemotherapy followed by local application of electric pulses to the tumor to increase drug delivery into the cells. The aim of this Phase II clinical study was to evaluate the antitumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy using intratumoral cisplatin administration on cutaneous tumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial", "Clinical Trial, Phase II", "Controlled Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2455e2dcc857", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin: the systemic antitumour effectiveness of cisplatin can be potentiated locally by the application of electric pulses in the treatment of malignant melanoma skin metastases", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-200008000-00010", "pmid": "10985673", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "The application of electric pulses to skin tumour nodules enhances the antitumour effectiveness of cisplatin. This treatment approach, known as electrochemotherapy, was employed in the treatment of skin metastases and lymph node metastases in malignant melanoma patients. Electric pulses were applied to tumour nodules…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial", "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-df7714028fb9", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Tumor growth retardation, cure, and induction of antitumor immunity in B16 melanoma-bearing mice by low electric field-enhanced chemotherapy", "authors": "Entin et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "Clin Cancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "12912972", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The exposure of cells in vitro to trains of low voltage-pulsed electric fields in the range of 20-100 V/cm was previously shown to induce an efficient uptake of macromolecules with molecular weight in the range of M(r) 300-2,000,000 via an endocytic-like process. This study examines the antitumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3716118d6874", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "948. Regression of Established Melanoma Tumors through Intratumoral Delivery of HIV-1 Vpr Using In Vivo Electroporation", "authors": "Ayyavoo et al", "year": 2004, "journal": "Molecular Therapy", "doi": "10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.06.891", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer. Effective treatment of this disease requires the development of new therapeutic strategies. One promising strategy is treatment of the tumor with a plasmid encoding for Vpr (pVpr). The Vpr gene is one of several accessory genes of the HIV-1 genome. Previous studies have…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7e99c8b794ae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of metastatic melanoma using electroporation therapy with bleomycin (electrochemotherapy)", "authors": "Byrne et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-200502000-00008", "pmid": "15714120", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation therapy (EPT) is a novel treatment modality that uses brief, high-intensity, pulsed electrical currents to enhance the uptake of chemotherapeutic agents, vaccines and genes into cells. This technique is potentially useful for patients with secondary and, possibly, some primary tumours. Nineteen…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial", "Clinical Trial, Phase II", "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4aab520b4702", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A case of perineal malignant melanoma successfully treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Kubota et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/00008390-200504000-00008", "pmid": "15846147", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Kubota, Yoko; Tomita, Yoshihiko; Tsukigi, Masaaki; Kurachi, Hirohisa; Motoyama, Teiichi; Mir, Lluis M. Author Information", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-b33ccafa3047", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Successful sphincter-saving treatment of anorectal malignant melanoma with electrochemotherapy, local excision and adjuvant brachytherapy", "authors": "Snoj et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/00001813-200503000-00015", "pmid": "15711188", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Anorectal malignant melanoma is a rare tumor and there is no consensus on whether aggressive or local management is more appropriate. Local sphincter-saving excision has been shown to have a higher recurrence rate than abdominoperineal resection, although there is no long-term survival difference between the two…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0cf1cf78b2be", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Role of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma and other metastatic and primary skin tumors", "authors": "Byrne et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Expert Rev Anticancer Ther", "doi": "10.1586/14737140.6.5.671", "pmid": "16759159", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a novel therapeutic modality that uses pulsed electrical currents to enhance the uptake of drugs, vaccines and genes into cells, and has been used for over 20 years. Electroporation therapy using cytotoxic drugs is called electrochemotherapy. Electrochemotherapy has been studied in vitro, in vivo…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f7acd3e706a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Randomized Controlled Study of Electrochemotherapy in the Local Treatment of Skin Metastases of Melanoma", "authors": "Gaudy et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "J Cutan Med Surg", "doi": "10.2310/7750.2006.00037", "pmid": "17241586", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines intralesional injections of bleomycin with electroporation (EP), which permeabilizes tumor cells and thus increases the bleomycin efficacy at the tumor site. Objective: To assess whether EP therapy improves the local control of skin metastases of melanoma by intralesional…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-aba0f76ce621", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Palliation of haemorrhaging and ulcerated cutaneous tumours using electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Gehl et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.07.007", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Increasing emphasis is being put on palliation of terminally ill cancer patients. Bleeding skin metastases are one of the many grievances that may negatively affect quality of life. In the seriously ill patient, quick and effective palliation is highly important. In this regard, a once-only treatment giving a high probability of immediate relief is of very good use. Other treatment possibilities are surgery and radiotherapy. Surgery can be a good option for small lesions, but larger lesions require more extensive procedures. Radiotherapy is a well-known method to ameliorate bleeding from both internal and external tumours. However, generally 3–10 fractions are administered, and this means the patient needs to be treated daily over 1–2 weeks. Furthermore, the total treatment area is limited as toxicity is correlated to field size.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-2757a1c3d7a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Nanosecond pulsed electric fields cause melanomas to self-destruct", "authors": "Nuccitelli et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.181", "pmid": "16545779", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "We have discovered a new, drug-free therapy for treating solid skin tumors. Pulsed electric fields greater than 20 kV/cm with rise times of 30 ns and durations of 300 ns penetrate into the interior of tumor cells and cause tumor cell nuclei to rapidly shrink and tumor blood flow to stop. Melanomas shrink by 90% within…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-46944effa537", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The state-of-the-art of electrochemotherapy before the ESOPE study; advantages and clinical uses", "authors": "Sersa", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.08.007", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "The first clinical study on electrochemotherapy was published in 1991, reporting good treatment effectiveness of electrochemotherapy on cutaneous tumour nodules of head and neck tumours.1 The results of that study, which was preformed by the group from the Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France have stimulated other groups to initiate their own clinical studies. The first clinical centres which performed electrochemotherapy in addition to Institute Gustave Roussy, were our group at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Slovenia, the group at the University of South Florida in Tampa, USA, and the group at Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology and Institute Claudius Regaud in Toulouse, France.2–5 Recently, also new centres reported clinical experience on electrochemotherapy, e.g. Rush Presbyterian-St.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-9b41f1f9b0b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long lasting complete response in melanoma treated by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Snoj et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.08.004", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The optimal treatment of multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma still remains unresolved. There are many different possible treatment modalities. We present a case of melanoma on the calf in which multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases were treated by electrochemotherapy with cisplatin…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0887f87ffa7d", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effective treatment of multiple unresectable skin melanoma metastases by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Snoj et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Croat Med J", "doi": null, "pmid": "17589984", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Multiple unresectable melanoma skin metastases pose a treatment problem, especially in centers where isolated limb perfusion is not available. We report the case of a 59-year-old woman who developed multiple small unresectable cutaneous melanoma metastases on the thigh after her lower limb was amputated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-83c752454a4f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Ultrastructural modifications of cell membranes induced by “electroporation” on melanoma xenografts", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Microsc Res Tech", "doi": "10.1002/jemt.20504", "pmid": "17722056", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) has been widely employed in the past years as a safe and effective technique to drive drugs and DNA plasmids into target cells both for experimental and therapeutic purposes. Despite the large bulk of literature on this topic, often describing successful outcomes, there is a lack of knowledge…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-41789120bab0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Phase I Trial of Interleukin-12 Plasmid Electroporation in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma", "authors": "Daud et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "J Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1200/JCO.2007.15.6794", "pmid": "19029422", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Gene-based immunotherapy for cancer is limited by the lack of safe, efficient, reproducible, and titratable delivery methods. Direct injection of DNA into tissue, although safer than viral vectors, suffers from low gene transfer efficiency. In vivo electroporation, in preclinical models, significantly…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f4a0012088e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effective delivery of DNA into tumor cells and tissues by electroporation of polymer–DNA complex", "authors": "Kang et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.canlet.2008.02.045", "pmid": "18375054", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electroporation is a useful means for non-viral gene delivery. Here, we investigated the use of electroporation to deliver polymer-DNA complexes into living cells using a protein kinase C (PKC)alpha-responsive polymer. The polymer was complexed with a luciferase-encoding DNA and electroporated into B16 melanoma cells…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e57fc47cda8f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Intravenous Bleomycin in the Local Treatment of Skin Melanoma Metastases", "authors": "Quaglino et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-008-9976-0", "pmid": "18498012", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines chemotherapy and electroporation to increase drug uptake. Its role in cutaneous melanoma metastasis treatment is not well defined; indeed, few studies have been reported, without complete follow-up data. Aim: To prospectively evaluate clinical activity and tolerability of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5869d6e3775e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Single-step antigen loading and activation of dendritic cells by mRNA electroporation for the purpose of therapeutic vaccination in melanoma patients", "authors": "Bonehill et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2982", "pmid": "19417017", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Purpose: A critical factor determining the effectiveness of currently used dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines is the DC activation or maturation status. We have recently shown that the T-cell stimulatory capacity of DCs pulsed with tumor-antigen-derived peptides can be considerably increased by activating the DCs…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-322df5a172fa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy: clinical outcome from a single institution's experience with 52 patients", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-008-0204-8", "pmid": "18987914", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as a complementary treatment for superficial metastases. Fifty-two consecutive patients with different cancer histotypes, mainly melanoma and breast cancer, with disease unsuitable for conventional treatments underwent bleomycin-based ECT for cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8e59916d8715", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intradermal DNA electroporation induces survivin-specific CTLs, suppresses angiogenesis and confers protection against mouse melanoma", "authors": "Lladser et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Immunother", "doi": "10.1007/s00262-009-0725-4", "pmid": "19526360", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Survivin is an intracellular tumor-associated antigen that is broadly expressed in a large variety of tumors and also in tumor associated endothelial cells but mostly absent in differentiated tissues. Naked DNA vaccines targeting survivin have been shown to induce T cell as well as humoral immune responses in mice…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-752e99202f50", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electric pulses used in electrochemotherapy and electrogene therapy do not significantly change the expression profile of genes involved in the development of cancer in malignant melanoma cells", "authors": "Mlakar et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2407-9-299", "pmid": "19709437", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation is a versatile method for in vitro or in vivo delivery of different molecules into cells. However, no study so far has analysed the effects of electric pulses used in electrochemotherapy (ECT pulses) or electric pulses used in electrogene therapy (EGT pulses) on malignant cells. We studied the effect of ECT and EGT pulses on human malignant melanoma cells in vitro in order to understand and predict the possible effect of electric pulses on gene expression and their possible effect on cell behaviour. Methods: We used microarrays with 2698 different oligonucleotides to obtain the expression profile of genes involved in apoptosis and cancer development in a malignant melanoma cell line (SK-MEL28) exposed to ECT pulses and EGT pulses. Results: Cells exposed to ECT pulses showed a 68.8% average survival rate, while cells exposed to EGT pulses showed a 31.4% average survival rate. Only seven common genes were found differentially expressed in cells 16 h after exposure to ECT and EGT pulses. We found that ECT and EGT pulses induce an HSP70 stress response mechanism, repress histone protein H4, a major protein involved in chromatin assembly, and down-regulate components involved in protein synthesis. Conclusion: Our results show that electroporation does not significantly change the expression profile of major tumour suppressor genes or oncogenes of the cell cycle. Moreover, electroporation also does not changes the expression of genes involved in the stability of DNA, supporting current evidence that electroporation is a safe method that does not promote tumorigenesis. However, in spite of being considered an isothermal method, it does to some extent induce stress, which resulted in the expression of the environmental stress response mechanism, HSP70.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0b1c2838089a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as an adjunct or alternative to other treatments for unresectable or in-transit melanoma", "authors": "Möller et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Expert Rev Anticancer Ther", "doi": "10.1586/era.09.129", "pmid": "19895245", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Treatment of recurrent or in-transit unresectable melanoma continues to be a major therapeutic challenge. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a therapeutic option for those patients whose lesions are not suitable for surgical resection and who have exhausted all other treatment modalities. ECT combines electroporation of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c4746751bf86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Limb Sparing Treatment of Bleeding Melanoma Recurrence by Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Snoj et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Tumori", "doi": "10.1177/030089160909500324", "pmid": "19688986", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Aims and background: Electrochemotherapy is an effective local treatment for tumors that combines administration of a chemotherapeutic drug with the subsequent application of electric pulses to the tumor. In addition, it was also found to have a vascular-disrupting effect. We report a case of limb-sparing treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-47a41f42cab2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Bioelectric Applications for Treatment of Melanoma", "authors": "Beebe et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers2031731", "pmid": "24281185", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Two new cancer therapies apply bioelectric principles. These methods target tumor structures locally and function by applying millisecond electric fields to deliver plasmid DNA encoding cytokines using electrogene transfer (EGT) or by applying rapid rise-time nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs). EGT has been used to locally deliver cytokines such as IL-12 to activate an immune response, resulting in bystander effects. NsPEFs locally induce apoptosis-like effects and affect vascular networks, both promoting tumor demise and restoration of normal vascular homeostasis. EGT with IL-12 is in melanoma clinical trials and nsPEFs are used in models with B16F10 melanoma in vitro and in mice. Applications of bioelectrics, using conventional electroporation and extensions of it, provide effective alternative therapies for melanoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d06adf0e6f6c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation Gene Therapy Preclinical and Clinical Trials for Melanoma", "authors": "C. Heller et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Curr Gene Ther", "doi": "10.2174/156652310791823489", "pmid": "20557286", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "In vivo electroporation (EP) is a versatile delivery method for gene transfer which can be applied to any accessible tissue. Delivery of plasmid DNA encoding therapeutic genes or cDNAs with in vivo EP has been tested extensively in preclinical melanoma models. Direct delivery to the tumor has been shown to generate a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-97460fc0a78f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "P22 Electrochemotherapy two years of experience in a cancer center", "authors": "Farricha et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Melanoma Research", "doi": "10.1097/01.cmr.0000382854.52630.d6", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Introduction We started to perform Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in Lisbon since February 2008. We initially treated mainly Melanoma patients but with the growing knowledge on this technique we treat now different kind of presentations in pathologies of the skin, of the mucosa and even intraabdominal progression of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-448bcf5c7a67", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "FC29 Electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a new anticancer therapeutic modality: the Hellenic Group of ECT (HeGECT) experience", "authors": "Kyrgias et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Melanoma Research", "doi": "10.1097/01.cmr.0000382831.74608.bc", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction ECT is based on the local delivery of electric pulses that causes transient permeabilisation of the cell membrane, facilitating the intracellular delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs, otherwise not permitted by the integrity of the membrane. ECT was first introduced at the Institute Gustave Roussy in France…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a2d9b85df888", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Towards treatment planning and treatment of deep-seated solid tumors by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Miklavcic et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-9-10", "pmid": "20178589", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy treats tumors by combining specific chemotherapeutic drugs with an intracellular target and electric pulses, which increases drug uptake into the tumor cells. Electrochemotherapy has been successfully used for treatment of easily accessible superficial tumor nodules. In this paper, we present the first case of deep-seated tumor electrochemotherapy based on numerical treatment planning. Methods: The aim of our study was to treat a melanoma metastasis in the thigh of a patient. Treatment planning for electrode positioning and electrical pulse parameters was performed for two different electrode configurations: one with four and another with five long needle electrodes. During the procedure, the four electrode treatment plan was adopted and the patient was treated accordingly by electrochemotherapy with bleomycin. The response to treatment was clinically and radiographically evaluated. Due to a partial response of the treated tumor, the metastasis was surgically removed after 2 months and pathological analysis was performed. Results: A partial response of the tumor to electrochemotherapy was obtained. Histologically, the metastasis showed partial necrosis due to electrochemotherapy, estimated to represent 40-50% of the tumor. Based on the data obtained, we re-evaluated the electrical treatment parameters in order to correlate the treatment plan with the clinical response. Electrode positions in the numerical model were updated according to the actual positions during treatment. We compared the maximum value of the measured electric current with the current predicted by the model and good agreement was obtained. Finally, tumor coverage with an electric field above the reversible threshold was recalculated and determined to be approximately 94%. Therefore, according to the calculations, a small volume of tumor cells remained viable after electrochemotherapy, and these were sufficient for tumor regrowth. Conclusions: In this, the first reported clinical case, deep-seated melanoma metastasis in the thigh of the patient was treated by electrochemotherapy, according to a treatment plan obtained by numerical modeling and optimization. Although only a partial response was obtained, the presented work demonstrates that treatment of deep-seated tumor nodules by electrochemotherapy is feasible and sets the ground for numerical treatment planning-based electrochemotherapy. Trial registration: EudraCT:2008-008290-54.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-92329f4408a2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intralesional agents in the management of cutaneous malignancy A review", "authors": "Good et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Am Acad Dermatol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jaad.2009.12.013", "pmid": "20334952", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Intralesional agents have a role in the management of cutaneous malignancies. In this article, the efficacy, side effects, strengths, limitations, costs, and practical considerations regarding the use of intralesional agents to treat basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, selected cutaneous lymphomas, and even…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fcb2bf5e2540", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Cutaneous Metastases of Melanoma—A Case Series Study and Systematic Review of the Evidence", "authors": "Kis et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Dermatologic Surgery", "doi": "10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.01951.x", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "OBJECTIVES Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma. During the treatment, electric pulses are applied to tumor nodules to deliver nonpermeant or poorly permeant chemotherapeutic agents into the cells, increasing local…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e8264e1f1d87", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for disseminated superficial metastases from malignant melanoma", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Br J Surg", "doi": "10.1002/bjs.8749", "pmid": "22508342", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: The aim of the study was to determine predictive factors for effectiveness, toxicity and local disease control in patients with malignant melanoma treated with bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy (ECT). Methods: Electrochemotherapy was offered to patients with superficially disseminated melanoma metastases…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d421d8ef9d39", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Feasibility of neoadjuvant electrochemotherapy to treat a large metastatic lesion of the cheek in a patient with melanoma", "authors": "Di Monta et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2012.07.071", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-2346241f829b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Dendritic cells recruitment in melanoma metastasis treated by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Gerlini et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Clin Exp Metastasis", "doi": "10.1007/s10585-012-9505-1", "pmid": "22735940", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel treatment for recurrent or in-transit unresectable melanoma metastases based on the administration of anti-neoplastic drugs followed by cancer cell electroporation. Whether ECT can also induce anti-tumour immunity is unclear. We addressed this issue investigating the presence of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6270642d9c62", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Enhancing anti-melanoma immunity by electrochemotherapy and in vivo dendritic-cell activation", "authors": "Gerlini et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.4161/onci.21991", "pmid": "23264927", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Combining electrochemotherapy with dendritic cell-based immunotherapy is a promising strategy against human metastatic melanoma that deserves to be clinically assessed. While electrochemotherapy induces a rapid regression of metastases, immunotherapy generates systemic anticancer immunity, contributes to eradicate the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-84495ee29641", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Feasibility of neoadjuvant electrochemotherapy for a large metastatic lesion of the cheek in a patient with melanoma", "authors": "Mozzillo et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2012.07.076", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-0e87cbc7524c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Use of neoadjuvant electrochemotherapy to treat a large metastatic lesion of the cheek in a patient with melanoma", "authors": "Mozzillo et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-10-131", "pmid": "22800396", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Approximately 200,000 new cases of melanoma are diagnosed worldwide each year. Skin metastases are a frequent event, occurring in 18.2% of cases. This can be distressing for the patient, as the number and size of cutaneous lesions increases, often worsened by ulceration, bleeding and pain. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local modality for the treatment of cutaneous or subcutaneous tumors that allows delivery of low- and non-permeant drugs into cells. ECT has been used in palliative management of metastatic melanoma to improve patients' quality of life. This is, to our knowledge, the first application of ECT as neoadjuvant treatment of metastatic subcutaneous melanoma. Methods and results: A 44-year-old Caucasian woman underwent extensive surgical resection of a melanoma, with a Breslow thickness of 1.5 mm, located on the right side of her scalp. No further treatment was given and the woman remained well until she came to our attention with a large nodule in her right cheek. Whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) was performed for staging and treatment monitoring. Baseline FDG PET/CT showed the lesion in the cheek to have a maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 19.5 with no evidence of further disease spread. Fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed the presence of metastatic melanoma. The patient underwent two sessions of ECT with intravenous injections of bleomycin using a CliniporatorTM as neoadjuvant treatment permitting conservative surgery three months later.Follow-up PET/CT three months after the first ECT treatment showed a marked decrease in SUVmax to 5. Further monitoring was performed through monthly PET/CT studies. Multiple cytology examinations showed necrotic tissue. Conservative surgery was carried out three months after the second ECT. Reconstruction was easily achieved through a rotation flap. Pathological examination of the specimen showed necrotic tissue without residual melanoma. One year after the last ECT treatment, the patient was disease-free as determined by contrast-enhanced CT and PET/-CT scans with a good functional and aesthetic result. Conclusions: ECT represents a safe and effective therapeutic approach that is associated with clear benefits in terms of quality of life (minimal discomfort, mild post-treatment pain and short duration of hospital stay) and may, in the neoadjuvant setting as reported here, offer the option of more conservative surgery and an improved cosmetic effect with complete local tumor control.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8d0ae46cae88", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Alternatives for the treatment of local advanced disease: electrochemotherapy, limb perfusion, limb infusion, intralesional IL2. What is the role?", "authors": "Testori et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01486.x", "pmid": "23046023", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Nowadays, melanoma is one of the most common fatal malignancy of young adults. Incidence is increasing, but mortality rates from melanoma have remained stable. In-transit metastases from extremity or trunk melanoma are subcutaneous or cutaneous deposits of melanoma distant from the primary site, but not reaching the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-80056506a30b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Assessment of the tumourigenic and metastatic properties of SK-MEL28 melanoma cells surviving electrochemotherapy with bleomycin", "authors": "Todorovic et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-012-0010-6", "pmid": "22933978", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment combining chemotherapy and electroporation and is highly effective treatment approach for subcutaneous tumours of various histologies. Contrary to surgery and radiation, the effect of electrochemotherapy on metastatic potential of tumour cells has not been…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9d74ed77dfc7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of metastatic melanoma with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.23512", "pmid": "24678530", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Superficially metastatic melanoma still represents a challenging situation for oncologists and a distressing condition for patients. In this circumstance, local treatment by electrochemotherapy, that is, the combination of brief permeabilizing electric pulses with a low‐toxicity anticancer drug, can be a valuable…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d6816e5feff3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long-lasting response to electrochemotherapy in melanoma patients with cutaneous metastasis", "authors": "Caracò et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2407-13-564", "pmid": "24289268", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Treatment of early and multiple cutaneous unresectable recurrences is a major therapeutic problem with around 80% of patients relapsing within 5 years. For lesions refractory to elective treatments, electrochemotherapy (ECT) involving electroporation combined with antineoplastic drug treatment appears to be a new potential option. This study was undertaken to analyze the short- and long-term responses of lesions treated with ECT with intravenous injection of bleomycin in melanoma patients with in-transit disease or distant cutaneous metastases. Methods: Between June 2007 and September 2012, 60 patients with relapsed and refractory cutaneous melanoma metastases or in-transit disease underwent 100 courses of ECT with intravenous injection of bleomycin. Response to treatment was evaluated three months after ECT. A long-lasting response was defined as no cutaneous or in-transit relapse after a minimum of six months. Results: Three months after ECT, a complete response was observed in 29 patients (48.4%), a partial response in 23 patients (38.3%) and no change or progressive disease in 8 patients (13.3%). The objective response rate of all treated lesions was 86.6%. Thirteen patients (44.8% of complete responders) experienced a long-lasting response after one ECT session and were disease-free after a mean duration of follow-up of 27.5 months. Conclusions: The favorable outcome obtained in the present study demonstrates that ECT is a reliable, and effective procedure that provides long-term benefit in terms of curative and palliative treatment for unresectable cutaneous lesions without adversely impacting the quality of life of patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c6cec723d193", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Comparison between cold plasma, electrochemotherapy and combined therapy in a melanoma mouse model", "authors": "Daeschlein et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Exp Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/exd.12201", "pmid": "23947672", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "The study was undertaken to compare antitumor efficacy of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with cold plasma therapy (CP) in a melanoma mouse model. After melanoma implantation into the flank of C57BL/6N mice, CP by two different plasma sources (APPJ and DBD) was applied directly to the tumor surface. ECT was performed with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ddf5f8103519", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Cellular stress induced by photodynamic reaction with CoTPPS and MnTMPyPCl5 in combination with electroporation in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (LoVo and LoVoDX)", "authors": "Kulbacka et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Cell Stress Chaperones", "doi": "10.1007/s12192-013-0423-1", "pmid": "23595218", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Two porphyrins, CoTPPS and MnTMPyPCl5, were tested for their photodynamic activity and potential novel use in a therapy of human cancers. We investigated an effect of photodynamic reaction (PDR), electroporation (EP) and their combination (electro-photodynamic reaction [EP-PDR]) on human colon adenocarcinoma cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e05eeaccb87d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Melanoma M (Zero) Diagnosis and Therapy", "authors": "Rastrelli et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "ISRN Dermatol", "doi": "10.1155/2013/616170", "pmid": "23691346", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "This paper reviews the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of M zero cutaneous melanoma including the most recent developments. This review also examined the main risk factors for melanoma. Tumor thickness measured according to Breslow, mitotic rate, ulceration, and growth phase has the greatest predictive value for survival and metastasis. Wide excision of the primary tumor is the only potentially curative treatment for primary melanoma. The sentinel node biopsy must be performed on all patients who have a primary melanoma with a Breslow thickness > 1 mm, or if the melanoma is from 0,75 mm to 1 mm thick but it is ulcerated and/or the mitotic index is ≥1. Total lymph node dissection consists in removing the residual lymph nodes in patients with positive sentinel node biopsy, or found positive on needle aspiration biopsy, without radiological evidence of spread. Isolated limb perfusion and isolated limb infusion are employed in patients within transit metastases with a rate of complete remission in around 50% and 38% of cases. Electrochemotherapy is mainly indicated for palliation in cases of metastatic disease, though it may sometimes be useful to complete isolated limb perfusion. The only agent found to affect survival as an adjuvant treatment is interferon alpha-2. Adjuvant radiotherapy improves local control of melanoma in patients at a high risk of recurrence after lymph node dissection.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-936f7962ac19", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy an effective local treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous melanoma metastases", "authors": "Ricotti et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Dermatol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/dth.12098", "pmid": "24903471", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Treatment of multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous melanoma metastases is still represents a therapeutic challenge for both dermatologists and oncologists. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a promising therapeutic procedure, owing to its ability to improve the penetration of cytotoxic drugs into cancer cells by application…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-baf85fdfa7e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The presentation, pathology, and current management strategies of cutaneous metastasis", "authors": "Wong et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "N Am J Med Sci", "doi": "10.4103/1947-2714.118918", "pmid": "24251266", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Skin metastases are rare in the routine clinical practice of dermatology, but are of major clinical significance because they usually indicate advanced disease. We reviewed the literature on skin metastasis regarding recent trends in clinical presentation and diagnosis of the most common cutaneous lesions. An…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a62e57b8494a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Enhancement of electroporation facilitated immunogene therapy via T-reg depletion", "authors": "Forde", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cancer Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/cgt.2014.35", "pmid": "25034887", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Regulatory T cells (T-regs) can negatively impact tumor antigen-specific immune responses after infiltration into tumor tissue. However, depletion of T-regs can facilitate enhanced anti-tumor responses, thus augmenting the potential for immunotherapies. Here we focus on treating a highly aggressive form of cancer using a murine melanoma model with a poor prognosis. We utilize a combination of T-reg depletion and immunotherapy plasmid DNA delivered into the B16F10 melanoma tumor model via electroporation. Plasmids encoding murine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and human B71 were transfected with electroporation into the tumor and transient elimination of T-regs was achieved with CD25-depleting antibodies (PC61). The combinational treatment effectively depleted T-regs compared to the untreated tumor and significantly reduced lung metastases. The combination treatment was not effective in increasing the survival, but only effective in suppression of metastases. These results indicate the potential for combining T-reg depletion with immunotherapy-based gene electrotransfer to decrease systemic metastasis and potentially enhance survival.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-41b4a0c3d3d8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long-term response after electrochemotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory cutaneous melanoma", "authors": "Mozzillo et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-12-s1-p1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background Treatment of early and multiple cutaneous unresectable recurrences is a major therapeutic problem with around 80% of patients relapsing within 5 years [1]. For lesions refractory to elective treatments, electrochemotherapy (ECT) involving electroporation combined with antineoplastic drug treatment appears to be a new potential option [2]. This study was undertaken to analyze the shortand long-term responses of lesions treated with ECT with intravenous injection of bleomycin in melanoma patients with in-transit disease or distant cutaneous metastases.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cd4784521aa1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Subcutaneous Metastases from Melanoma a Discussion of Clinical Experience", "authors": "Rutkowski et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Melanoma Manag", "doi": "10.2217/mmt.14.1", "pmid": "30190808", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "The majority of locoregional relapses of cutaneous melanoma occur as subcutaneous local recurrences/in-transit metastases; subcutaneous metastases (SMs) are also common in distant metastases. SM therapy is challenging and depends on the number, site, depth, size, clinical behavior and presence of other metastases…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7c44e4eb544e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Controlled Gene Delivery Can Enhance Therapeutic Outcome for Cancer Immune Therapy for Melanoma", "authors": "Shirley et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Curr Gene Ther", "doi": "10.2174/1566523214666141121111630", "pmid": "25414028", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Effective delivery still remains a major hurdle in the development of gene based therapies. While technological advances have occurred that have improved delivery in general, there is still a need for controlled delivery in order to achieve therapeutic effects. Gene electrotransfer (GET) can be utilized to accomplish…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1d62b9220e38", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "HF ultrasound vs PET-CT and telethermography in the diagnosis of In-transit metastases from melanoma: a prospective study and review of the literature", "authors": "Solivetti et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1186/s13046-014-0096-3", "pmid": "25420445", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Over the past several years the incidence of cutaneous melanoma has rapidly increased. This tumor develops often in-transit metastases that significantly reduce patient survival at 5 years. To improve prognosis and quality of life in patients with melanoma metastases, a mini invasive procedure like electrochemotherapy (ECT) is adopted to remove superficial tissue lesions. To detect the melanoma metastases, high frequency (HF) ultrasound (US) is used. This technique, though, can be time-consuming and it needs an expert operator and a high performing machine. Therefore, we asked whether the US could be replaced or integrated with other less time-consuming techniques such as 18-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET-CT) and telethermography (TT). Methods: Fifteen patients (4 males and 11 females - age range: 63-91) affected whit advanced stage melanoma were enrolled. They presented 52 in-transit metastases as detected by the three techniques used, HF-US, PET/CT and TT within 30 days before ECT. Results: All the 52 lesions were detected by HF-US (100%), 24/52 were detected by PET-CT (42,6%) and 15/52 were detected by TT (27,7%). PET-CT reported 3.7% false positives, while no false positive were reported by TT. Conclusions: As US detected 100% lesions, compared to the other two techniques used, US, along with clinical examination, has still to be considered as gold standard in the diagnosis of metastatic lesions. US, associated with an exhaustive anamnesis and accurate clinical examination, cannot be replaced by either PET-CT or TT. When US performing devices and experienced operators are not available, though, it is highly recommended to integrate US with at least one of the other techniques. Under certain circumstances, as in the case of obese and non-collaborating patients or in patients with lymphatic stasis, these techniques should be integrated to obtain exact in-transit metastases evaluation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-786f568b2234", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "504 Intratumoral delivery of Interleukin-12 DNA via in vivo electroporation leads to regression of injected and non-injected tumors in Merkel cell carcinoma: Final Results of a phase 2 study", "authors": "Bhatia et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/S0959-8049(16)30306-9", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Interleukin-12 (IL-12), a master regulator of adaptive type-1 immunity, has demonstrated antitumor efficacy, but is associated with severe toxicities when administered systemically. Local IL-12 delivery to the tumor microenvironment (TME) may provide adequate cytokine concentration in the vicinity of tumor antigens, hence improving efficacy while sparing systemic toxicity. Intratumoral (IT) IL-12 plasmid DNA (pIL-12) injection with electroporation (EP) has shown anti-tumor activity in melanoma. We report the final results of a phase 2 trial of pIL-12 EP in patients (pts) with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an aggressive virus-associated malignancy. Methods: 15 MCC pts with a superficial injectable tumor were enrolled to receive IT pIL-12 EP on days 1, 5 and 8 of each cycle.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-8caf7874e519", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Complete regression of melanoma skin metastases after electrochemotherapy plus ipilimumab treatment: an unusual clinical presentation", "authors": "Brizio et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Eur J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1684/ejd.2015.2522", "pmid": "26055291", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Skin metastases represent a relatively frequent event in the natural history of melanoma, developing both in early and in late disease stages. Cutaneous or subcutaneous lesions arise in 15-20% of patients; almost 50% of subjects with metastatic disease have soft tissue metastases [1]. The treatment of these lesions is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d265b01d8c3a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Melanoma Patients A Single Institution Experience", "authors": "Caracò et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Melanoma Manag", "doi": "10.2217/mmt.15.9", "pmid": "30190842", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Aim: This study was undertaken to update the outcome of the treated lesions with electrochemotherapy (ECT) plus intravenous injection of bleomycin in patients with in-transit disease or distant cutaneous metastases in melanoma patients. Patients & methods: 89 patients with relapsed and refractory cutaneous melanoma…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-becac75ac37a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrotransfer of Plasmid DNA Encoding an Anti-Mouse Endoglin (CD105) shRNA to B16 Melanoma Tumors with Low and High Metastatic Potential Results in Pronounced Anti-Tumor Effects", "authors": "Dolinsek et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers8010003", "pmid": "26712792", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Endoglin overexpression is associated with highly proliferative tumor endothelium and also with some tumors, including melanoma. Its targeting has anti-tumor effectiveness, which can also be obtained by RNA interference. The aim of our study was to explore the anti-tumor effectiveness of endoglin silencing by electrotransfer of plasmid DNA encoding short hairpin RNA against endoglin in two murine B16 melanoma variants with different metastatic potential on cells, spheroids and subcutaneous tumors in mice. The results demonstrate that endoglin silencing with gene electrotransfer reduces the proliferation, survival and migration of melanoma cells and also has anti-tumor effectiveness, as the therapy resulted in a high percentage of tumor cures (23% and 58% on B16F1 and B16F10 tumors, respectively). The effectiveness of the therapy correlated with endoglin expression in melanoma cells; in vitro the effects were more pronounced in B16F1 cells, which express more endoglin than B16F10. However, the opposite was observed in vivo in tumors, where there was a higher expression of endoglin and better anti-tumor effectiveness in the B16F10 tumor. In conclusion, targeting endoglin for the treatment of melanoma seems to be a concept worthy of further exploration due to the increased therapeutic effect of the therapy based on simultaneous vascular targeting and its direct effect on tumor cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b965a9b17c16", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Non-viral immune electrogene therapy induces potent antitumour responses and has a curative effect in murine colon adenocarcinoma and melanoma cancer models", "authors": "Forde", "year": 2015, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/gt.2014.95", "pmid": "25373914", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Antitumour efficacy of electroporated pEEV, coding for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the B7-1 costimulatory immune molecule (pEEVGmCSF-b7.1) in growing solid tumours, was investigated and compared with a standard plasmid. Application of pEEVGmCSF-b7.1 led to complete tumour regression in 66% of CT26-treated tumours and 100% in the B16F10-treated tumours at day 150 post-treatment. pEEVGmCSF-b7.1 treatment was found to significantly enhance levels of both innate and adaptive immune populations in tumour and systemic sites, which corresponded to significantly increased tissue levels of proinflammatory cytokines including interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). In contrast, pEEVGmCSF-b7.1 treatment significantly reduced the T-regulatory populations and also the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Upon further characterisation of functional immune responses, we observed a significant increase in cytotoxic (CD107a+) and IFN-γ-producing natural killer cells and also significantly more in IL-12-producing B cells. Importantly, splenocytes isolated from pEEVGmCSF-b7.1-treated 'cured' mice were tumour-specific and afforded significant protection in a tumour rechallenge model (Winn assay). Our data indicate that electroimmunogene therapy with the non-viral pEEVGmCSF-b7.1 is able to induce potent and durable antitumour immune responses that significantly reduce primary and also secondary tumour growth, and thus represents a solid therapeutic platform for pursuing future clinical trials.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9d52dc9b7351", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Melanoma Skin Metastases A Report on 31 Cases", "authors": "Mir-Bonafé et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition)", "doi": "10.1016/j.adengl.2015.03.004", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is indicated for the treatment of unresectable cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. The technique involves the synergistic use of electroporation of cell membranes to increase the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs delivered to the tumor cells. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-a3a3bf0604", "studyRelation": "translation-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:mirbonafe", "yil-farki:0", "dergi-baski-isareti:(English Edition)" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e75338ec3266", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Assessing a novel immuno-oncology-based combination therapy Ipilimumab plus electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mozzillo et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.1080/2162402x.2015.1008842", "pmid": "26155423", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Melanoma is responsible for most skin cancer-related deaths and is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in young adults. In melanoma, tumors can become established by activation of the negative regulator of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), CTL antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Ipilimumab blocks the interaction of CTLA-4 with CD80/CD86 and augments T-cell activation and proliferation. In electrochemotherapy (ECT), local application of short high-voltage pulses renders cell membranes transiently permeable to chemotherapeutic drugs. The combination of ipilimumab and ECT may be beneficial for the treatment of metastatic melanoma; however, no prospective data are available to date. Here, we report the retrospective analysis of patients treated with ipilimumab in an expanded access program (EAP) who also received ECT. Fifteen patients with previously treated metastatic melanoma who received ipilimumab 3 mg/kg every three weeks for four cycles and underwent ECT for local disease control and/or palliation of cutaneous lesions with bleomycin 15 mg/m 2 after the first ipilimumab infusion were included in the analysis. Over the study period, a local objective response was observed in 67% of patients (27% complete response [CR] and 40% partial response [PR]). According to immune-related response criteria, a systemic response was observed in nine patients (five PR and four stable disease [SD]), resulting in a disease control rate of 60%. Evaluation of circulating T-regulatory (T-reg) cells demonstrated significant differences between responders and non-responders. Overall, treatment was well-tolerated and without notable toxicity. In conclusion, the combination of ipilimumab and ECT appears to be beneficial to patients with advanced melanoma, warranting further investigation in prospective trials.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-86597243b236", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Consolidation electrochemotherapy with bleomycin in metastatic melanoma during treatment with dabrafenib", "authors": "Valpione et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2014-0035", "pmid": "25810704", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Small molecules that inhibit V600 mutated BRAF protein, such as vemurafenib and dabrafenib, are effective in treatment of metastatic melanoma. Case report: We here describe the clinical course of a V600E BRAF mutated metastatic melanoma patient with systemic disease, who developed tumor progression on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-10ea77967ea8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy induces apoptotic death in melanoma metastases: a histologic and immunohistochemical investigation", "authors": "Bigi et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol", "doi": "10.2147/ccid.s115984", "pmid": "27920565", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is increasingly used in the treatment of primary and secondary skin tumors, but little is known about the pathologic mechanism responsible for tumor cell destruction in humans. Knowledge of detailed mechanism of host response after ECT may improve the treatment efficacy related to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1985c2959831", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "CD4 + FOXP3 + T regulatory cells decrease and CD3 + CD8 + T cells recruitment in TILs from melanoma metastases after electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Di Gennaro et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Clin Exp Metastasis", "doi": "10.1007/s10585-016-9814-x", "pmid": "27475809", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) represents an effective local treatment for skin unresectable melanoma metastases with high overall objective response rate. ECT is based on the combination of anti-neoplastic drugs administration and cancer cells electroporation. Whether ECT can also activate the immune system is a matter of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ac16184d86e6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin is effective in BRAF mutated melanoma cells and interacts with BRAF inhibitors", "authors": "Dolinsek et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0042", "pmid": "27679543", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) during the treatment of melanoma patients with BRAF inhibitors. Its effectiveness was tested on BRAF mutated and non-mutated melanoma cells in vitro and in combination with BRAF inhibitors. Materials and methods: ECT with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-db0792ae0f09", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma", "authors": "Grau et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Braz J Otorhinolaryngol", "doi": "10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.05.008", "pmid": "26601999", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Local progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after failure of standard therapies may cause pain, ulceration, and bleeding. As patients are fully aware of the tumor growth, they might suffer high grade anxiety. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new local palliative treatment for skin metastases of malignant melanoma or other tumors, including squamous head e neck cancer patients. Objective: To evaluate the impact of ECT in patients with local progression of PTC. Methods: Four patients with local progression of PTC were treated with ECT based on Bleomycin, and evaluated according to tumor response, local pain and side effects. Results: In all cases, some grade of tumor response was observed, lasting 6, 7, 12 and 8 months, respectively. Also, reduction of local pain and anxiety was registered in all patients. Tumor infiltrated skin necrosis was the only collateral effect of the treatment. ECT induced a tumor response in all PTC patients with improvement of symptoms. Conclusions: ECT may be an option for local palliative treatment in PTC patients with local tumor progression. Introdução: A progressão local do carcinoma papilífero de tireoide (CPT) após a falha da terapia de rotina pode causar dor, ulceração e sangramento. Considerando que os pacientes estão perfeitamente cientes do crescimento tumoral, podem apresentar um alto grau de ansiedade. A eletroquimioterapia (EQT) é um novo tratamento paliativo para metástases de pele de melanoma maligno ou de outros tumores, inclusive em pacientes com carcinoma escamoso de cabeça e pescoço. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da EQT em pacientes com progressão local de CPT. Método: Quatro pacientes com progressão local de CPT foram tratados com EQT com base em bleomicina, e avaliados em relação ao grau de resposta tumoral, dor local, efeitos colaterais. Resultados: Em todos os casos, foi observado algum grau de resposta tumoral, que perdurou por 6, 7, 12 e 8 meses, respectivamente. Da mesma forma, foi registrada diminuição da dor local e da ansiedade em todos os pacientes. Necrose cutânea na infiltração tumoral foi o único efeito colateral do tratamento. EQT induziu resposta tumoral em todos os pacientes com CPT, com melhora dos sintomas. Conclusões: EQT pode ser uma opção para o tratamento paliativo tópico em pacientes com CPT com progressão tumoral local.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-278048119744", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Immune checkpoint blockade with concurrent electrochemotherapy in advanced melanoma: a retrospective multicenter analysis", "authors": "Heppt et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Immunother", "doi": "10.1007/s00262-016-1856-z", "pmid": "27294607", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Growing evidence suggests that concurrent loco-regional and systemic treatment modalities may lead to synergistic anti-tumor effects in advanced melanoma. In this retrospective multicenter study, we evaluate the use of electrochemotherapy (ECT) combined with ipilimumab or PD-1 inhibition. We investigated patients with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d5807a634f34", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effectiveness of electrochemotherapy after IFN-α adjuvant therapy of melanoma patients", "authors": "Hribernik et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2015-0048", "pmid": "27069446", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: The combination of electrochemotherapy with immuno-modulatory treatments has already been explored and proven effective. However, the role of interferon alpha (IFN-α) adjuvant therapy of melanoma patients and implication on electrochemotherapy effectiveness has not been explored yet. Therefore, the aim of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8b1627512176", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy by pulsed electromagnetic field treatment (PEMF) in mouse melanoma B16F10 in vivo", "authors": "Kranjc et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0014", "pmid": "27069448", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) induces pulsed electric field, which presumably increases membrane permeabilization of the exposed cells, similar to the conventional electroporation. Thus, contactless PEMF could represent a promising approach for drug delivery. Materials and methods: Noninvasive…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5874c308c51d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy immune response enhancement by gene electrotransfer using IL-2 and IL-12 genes in canine patients", "authors": "Maglietti et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/S0959-8049(16)61741-0", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Immune checkpoint inhibitor Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is upregulated in many malignancies which often correlates with unfavorable prognosis. PD-L1 on cancer cells can induce an “exhausted” phenotype in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, specifically in T-cells, by interacting with T-cell expressed Programmed Death 1 (PD-1). Antibodies that block PD-L1/PD-1 interaction restore the activity of functionally-impaired antitumor T cells. These antibodies show unprecedented clinical benefit in various advanced cancers, particularly in melanoma. However, only a subset of cancer patients responds to current PD-L1/PD-1-blocking strategies, highlighting the need for further advancements in PD-L1/PD-1based immunotherapy. Here, we report on a novel approach which combines PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition with the tumor-selective pro-apoptotic activity of TNF-related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-f8f56acacecd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Local Tumor Treatment in Combination with Systemic Ipilimumab Immunotherapy Prolongs Overall Survival in Patients with Advanced Malignant Melanoma", "authors": "Theurich et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Res", "doi": "10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-15-0156", "pmid": "27466265", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Immune checkpoint inhibition with ipilimumab has revolutionized cancer immunotherapy and significantly improved outcomes of patients with advanced malignant melanoma. Local peripheral treatments (LPT), such as radiotherapy or electrochemotherapy, have been shown to modulate systemic immune responses, and preliminary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-33c2903050ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Unresectable Locoregionally Advanced Cutaneous Melanoma: A Systematic Review", "authors": "Aguado-Romeo et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Actas Dermosifiliogr", "doi": "10.1016/j.ad.2016.08.008", "pmid": "27769538", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a therapeutic option for the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases from melanoma and other tumors. The procedure consists of the administration of anticancer drugs followed by locally applied electrical impulses to achieve an effect known as electroporation, which facilitates entry…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6198ecf0dd9a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Future perspectives in melanoma research \"Melanoma Bridge\", Napoli, November 30th-3rd December 2016", "authors": "Ascierto", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/s12967-017-1341-2", "pmid": "29145885", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Major advances have been made in the treatment of cancer with targeted therapy and immunotherapy; several FDA-approved agents with associated improvement of 1-year survival rates became available for stage IV melanoma patients. Before 2010, the 1-year survival were quite low, at 30%; in 2011, the rise to nearly 50% in the setting of treatment with Ipilimumab, and rise to 70% with BRAF inhibitor monotherapy in 2013 was observed. Even more impressive are 1-year survival rates considering combination strategies with both targeted therapy and immunotherapy, now exceeding 80%. Can we improve response rates even further, and bring these therapies to more patients? In fact, despite these advances, responses are heterogeneous and are not always durable. There is a critical need to better understand who will benefit from therapy, as well as proper timing, sequence and combination of different therapeutic agents. How can we better understand responses to therapy and optimize treatment regimens? The key to better understanding therapy and to optimizing responses is with insights gained from responses to targeted therapy and immunotherapy through translational research in human samples. Combination therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, electrochemotherapy with immunotherapy agents such as Immune Checkpoint Blockers are under investigation but there is much room for improvement. Adoptive T cell therapy including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and chimeric antigen receptor modified T cells therapy is also efficacious in metastatic melanoma and outcome enhancement seem likely by improved homing capacity of chemokine receptor transduced T cells. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes therapy is also efficacious in metastatic melanoma and outcome enhancement seem likely by improved homing capacity of chemokine receptor transduced T cells. Understanding the mechanisms behind the development of acquired resistance and tests for biomarkers for treatment decisions are also under study and will offer new opportunities for more efficient combination therapies. Knowledge of immunologic features of the tumor microenvironment associated with response and resistance will improve the identification of patients who will derive the most benefit from monotherapy and might reveal additional immunologic determinants that could be targeted in combination with checkpoint blockade. The future of advanced melanoma needs to involve education and trials, biobanks with a focus on primary tumors, bioinformatics and empowerment of patients and clinicians.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-06cf9496e190", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Superficially Metastatic Melanoma", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_223", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Cutaneous metastases are not unusual in the clinical course of malignant melanoma, occurring in 2–20% of patients, depending on primary tumor features and disease stage. Patients with superficially metastatic melanoma comprise a heterogeneous group as to prognosis, including those with local recurrences, satellite…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-449827160b3c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and calcium electroporation inducing a systemic immune response with local and distant remission of tumors in a patient with malignant melanoma - a case report", "authors": "Falk et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186x.2017.1290274", "pmid": "28562201", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "In this case study, we report a remarkable systemic response after treatment with electrochemotherapy and calcium electroporation in a patient with disseminated malignant melanoma.Electrochemothera...", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd" }, { "id": "ref-2ccc7fa390e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma: a prospective cohort study by InspECT", "authors": "Kunte et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Br J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/bjd.15340", "pmid": "28118487", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: (ECT) is an effective local treatment for cutaneous metastasis. Treatment involves the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs followed by delivery of electrical pulses to the tumour. Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of ECT in cutaneous metastases of melanoma and to identify factors that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8ed168a59775", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Gene Electrotransfer of Plasmid-Encoding IL-12 Recruits the M1 Macrophages and Antigen-Presenting Cells Inducing the Eradication of Aggressive B16F10 Murine Melanoma", "authors": "Lampreht", "year": 2017, "journal": "Mediators Inflamm", "doi": "10.1155/2017/5285890", "pmid": "28596641", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Cancer immunotherapy is currently one of the leading approaches in cancer treatment. Gene electrotransfer of plasmids encoding interleukin 12 (IL-12) into the cells leads to the production of IL-12, which drives immune cell polarization to an antitumoral response. One of the cell types that shows great promise in targeting tumor cells under the influence of IL-12 cytokine milieu is that of macrophages. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate gene electrotransfer of antibiotic resistance-free plasmid DNA-encoding murine IL-12 (mIL-12) in mice bearing aggressive B16F10 murine melanoma. IL-12 electrotransfer resulted in the complete long-term eradication of the tumors. Serum mIL-12 and murine interferon γ (mIFN γ ) were increased after IL-12 gene electrotransfer. Further on, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining showed increased infiltration of immune cells that lasted from day 4 until day 14. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of F4/80, MHCII, and CD11c showed higher positive staining in the IL-12 gene electrotransfer group than in the control groups. Immune cell infiltration into the tumors and the high density of MHCII- and CD11c-positive cells suggest an antitumor polarization of macrophages and the presence of antigen-presenting cells that contributes to the important antitumor effectiveness of IL-12.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c436855dcd9e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrotransfer of plasmid DNA radiosensitizes B16F10 tumors through activation of immune response", "authors": "Savarin", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2017-0011", "pmid": "28265230", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Tumor irradiation combined with adjuvant treatments, either vascular targeted or immunomodulatory, is under intense investigation. Gene electrotransfer of therapeutic genes is one of these approaches. The aim of this study was to determine, whether gene electrotransfer of plasmid encoding shRNA for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dae415f0bff4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Perspectives in melanoma: Meeting report from the Melanoma Bridge (30 November-2 December, 2017, Naples, Italy)", "authors": "Ascierto", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/s12967-018-1568-6", "pmid": "30031393", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Metastatic melanoma represents a challenging clinical situation and, until relatively recently, there was an absence of effective treatment options. However, in 2011, the advanced melanoma treatment landscape was revolutionised with the approval of the anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab and the selective BRAF kinase inhibitor vemurafenib, both of which significantly improved overall survival. Since then, availability of new immunotherapies, especially the anti-programmed death-1 checkpoint inhibitors, as well as other targeted therapies, have further improved outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma. Seven years on from the first approval of these novel therapies, evidence for the use of various immune-based and targeted approaches is continuing to increase at a rapid rate. Improved understanding of the tumour microenvironment and tumour immuno-evasion strategies has resulted in different approaches to target and harness the immune response. These new immune-based approaches offer the opportunity for various approaches with distinct modes of action being used in combination with one another, as well as combined with other treatment modalities such as targeted therapy, electrochemotherapy and surgery. The increasing number of treatment options that are now available has resulted in a growing need to identify which patients will derive most benefit from which treatments. Much research is now focused on the identification of biomarkers that can be utilised to help select patients for treatment. These and other recent advances in the management of melanoma were the focus of discussions at the third Melanoma Bridge meeting (30 November-2 December, 2017, Naples, Italy), which is summarised in this report.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-86cb93700396", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrotransfer of Different Control Plasmids Elicits Different Antitumor Effectiveness in B16.F10 Melanoma", "authors": "Bosnjak", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers10020037", "pmid": "29382170", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Several studies have shown that different control plasmids may cause antitumor action in different murine tumor models after gene electrotransfer (GET). Due to the differences in GET protocols, plasmid vectors, and experimental models, the observed antitumor effects were incomparable. Therefore, the current study was conducted comparing antitumor effectiveness of three different control plasmids using the same GET parameters. We followed cytotoxicity in vitro and the antitumor effect in vivo after GET of control plasmids pControl, pENTR/U6 scr and pVAX1 in B16.F10 murine melanoma cells and tumors. Types of cell death and upregulation of selected cytosolic DNA sensors and cytokines were determined. GET of all three plasmids caused significant growth delay in melanoma tumors; nevertheless, the effect of pVAX1 was significantly greater than pControl. While DNA sensors in vivo were not upregulated significantly, cytokines IFN β and TNF α were upregulated after GET of pVAX1. In vitro, the mRNAs of some cytosolic DNA sensors were overexpressed after GET; however, with no significant difference among the three plasmids. In summary, although differences in antitumor effects were observed among control plasmids in vivo, no differences in cellular responses to plasmid GET were detected in tumor cells in vitro. Thus, the tumor microenvironment as well as some plasmid properties are most probably responsible for the antitumor effectiveness.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-572e599379f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Effect of Tissue Inhomogeneity in Soft Tissue Sarcomas: From Real Cases to Numerical and Experimental Models", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818789693", "pmid": "30045667", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an established treatment option for patients with superficially metastatic tumors, mainly malignant melanoma and breast cancer. Based on preliminary experiences, electrochemotherapy has the potential to be translated in the treatment of larger and deeper neoplasms, such as soft tissue sarcomas…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6c8b170a02d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and cisplatin enhances cytotoxicity in primary and metastatic uveal melanoma cell lines in vitro", "authors": "Fiorentzis et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Neoplasma", "doi": "10.4149/neo_2018_170329n227", "pmid": "29534581", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) enhances responsiveness to cytotoxic drugs in numerous cell lines in vitro. Clinically ECT is widely applied for skin tumor ablation and has shown efficacy in treating non-resectable colorectal liver metastases. There is limited experience of ECT for ocular tumor therapy. We investigated the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-81f1161fecda", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The use of electrochemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma: a focused review", "authors": "Goggins et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Int J Dermatol", "doi": "10.1111/ijd.14314", "pmid": "30479009", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a treatment modality that combines low-dose chemotherapy with electroporation, thereby enhancing cytotoxicity. ECT was first utilized in the treatment of metastatic head and neck cancer. Today it is used as a local treatment for the cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of a variety of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1662e975d009", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Vascularization of the tumours affects the pharmacokinetics of bleomycin and the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Groselj et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol", "doi": "10.1111/bcpt.13012", "pmid": "29573558", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Pre-clinical and clinical data indicate differences in the responses of melanoma and carcinoma tumours to electrochemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the origin of this difference, whether it is due to the intrinsic difference in tumour cell susceptibility to the chemotherapeutic, or due to the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2cb112a42ce2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Antitumor in situ vaccination effect of TNFα and IL-12 plasmid DNA electrotransfer in a murine melanoma model", "authors": "Kamensek", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Immunother", "doi": "10.1007/s00262-018-2133-0", "pmid": "29468364", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer (GET) is one of the most efficient non-viral gene therapy approaches for the localized transfer of multiple genes into tumors in vivo; therefore, it is especially promising for delivering different cytokines that are toxic if administered systemically. In this study, we used concomitant intratumoral GET of two cytokines: tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), a potent cytotoxic cytokine to induce in situ vaccination, and interleukin 12 (IL-12), an immunostimulatory cytokine to boost the primed local immune response into a systemic one. After performing GET in murine melanoma tumors, both TNFα and IL-12 mRNA levels were significantly increased, which resulted in a pronounced delay in tumor growth of 27 days and a prolonged survival time of mice. An antitumor immune response was confirmed by extensive infiltration of immune cells in the tumor site, and expansion of the effector immune cells in the sentinel lymph nodes. Furthermore, the effect of in situ vaccination was indicated by the presence of vitiligo localized to the treatment area and resistance of the mice to secondary challenge with tumor cells. Intratumoral GET of two cytokines, one for in situ vaccination and one for an immune boost, proved feasible and effective in eliciting a potent and durable antitumor response; therefore, further studies of this approach are warranted.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d154a4501f2f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Clinically Usable Interleukin 12 Plasmid without an Antibiotic Resistance Gene: Functionality and Toxicity Study in Murine Melanoma Model", "authors": "Kamensek et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers10030060", "pmid": "29495490", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Plasmids, which are currently used in interleukin 12 (IL-12) gene electrotransfer (GET) clinical trials in the USA, contain antibiotic resistance genes and are thus, according to the safety recommendation of the European Medicines Agency (EMA), not suitable for clinical trials in the EU. In the current study, our aim was to prepare an IL-12 plasmid without an antibiotic resistance gene and test its functionality and toxicity after GET in a preclinical B16F10 mouse melanoma model. The antibiotic resistance-free plasmid encoding the human IL-12 fusion gene linked to the p21 promoter, i.e., p21-hIL-12-ORT, was constructed using operator-repressor titration (ORT) technology. Next, the expression profile of the plasmid after GET was determined in B16F10 cells and tumors. Additionally, blood chemistry, hematological and histological changes, and antitumor response were evaluated after GET of the plasmid in melanoma tumors. The results demonstrated a good expression and safety profile of the p21-hIL-12-ORT GET and indications of efficacy. We hope that the obtained results will help to accelerate the transfer of this promising treatment from preclinical studies to clinical application in the EU.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-efa5d03d3c70", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "IL-12 Gene Electrotransfer Triggers a Change in Immune Response within Mouse Tumors", "authors": "Shi", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers10120498", "pmid": "30544810", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with a relatively low survival rate. Immune-based therapies have shown promise in the treatment of melanoma, but overall complete response rates are still low. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of plasmid IL-12 (pIL-12) delivered by gene electrotransfer (GET) to be an effective immunotherapy for melanoma. However, events occurring in the tumor microenvironment following delivery have not been delineated. Therefore, utilizing a B16F10 mouse melanoma model, we evaluated changes in the tumor microenvironment following delivery of pIL-12 using different GET parameters or injection of plasmid alone. The results revealed a unique immune cell composition after intratumoral injection of pIL-12 GET. The number of immune memory cells was markedly increased in pIL-12 GET melanoma groups compared to control group. This was validated using flow cytometry to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as delineating immune cell content using immunohistochemistry. Significant differences in multiple cell types were observed, including CD8⁺ T cells, regulatory T cells and myeloid cells, which were induced to mount a CD8⁺PD1 - T cells immune response. Taken together, these findings suggest a basic understanding of the sequence of immune activity following pIL-12 GET and also illuminates that adjuvant immunotherapy can have a positive influence on the host immune response to cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-70f3bc023438", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Comparable effectiveness and immunomodulatory actions of oxaliplatin and cisplatin in electrochemotherapy of murine melanoma", "authors": "Ursic et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.09.009", "pmid": "29024870", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Interest in platinum-based chemotherapeutics such as oxaliplatin (OXA) and cisplatin (CDDP) has been reinvigorated by their newly described impacts on tumor-specific immune responses. In addition to CDDP, OXA is frequently used to treat cancers. Based on the characteristics of OXA, which are similar to those of CDDP…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-59780be493dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of melanoma", "authors": "Wichtowski et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Contemp Oncol (Pozn)", "doi": "10.5114/wo.2018.74387", "pmid": "29692657", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new therapeutic option for patients with locally spread melanoma. It is based on the phenomenon of reversible electroporation, i.e. a transient increase in permeability of cell membranes under the influence of an appropriately modulated electric field. This allows multiplication of toxicity of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-58a5ea4de30b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in melanoma: a European e-Delphi survey to define a consensus on indications, treatment modalities and quality indicators", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.088", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has evolved considerably over the past decade, but its application is yet to be standardized. In fact, a lack of agreement exists on eligible patients, timing of treatment, combination strategies and outcomes. Therefore, our aim was to establish a consensus on treatment indications (TI), procedural modalities (PM), and quality indicators (QI) of ECT in melanoma. Material and methods: We invited 156 experts from 53 European centers who fulfilled pre-specified eligibility criteria to undertake a 3-Round webbased survey, according to a modified Delphi method. The inclusion criteria were: (a) at least 20% of practice in melanoma; (b) a minimum of 5 years of post-qualification experience; (c) participation to a melanoma multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting; (d) ability to communicate in written English; (e) working at a center where ECT is currently performed. Each center was encouraged to participate with experts from different specialties.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-dd1c2453eb59", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Conjunctival melanoma and electrochemotherapy: preliminary results using 2D and 3D cell culture models in vitro", "authors": "Fiorentzis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Acta Ophthalmol", "doi": "10.1111/aos.13993", "pmid": "30548215", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of bleomycin, mitomycin C (MMC) and Fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with electroporation (EP) on human conjunctival melanoma (CM) and normal conjunctival cell lines using 2D and 3D cell culture systems in vitro. Methods: Two CM (CRMM1, CRMM2) and one normal conjunctival…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b234b404e09d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The Potential Use of Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Uveal Melanoma: In Vitro Results in 3D Tumor Cultures and In Vivo Results in a Chick Embryo Model", "authors": "Fiorentzis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11091344", "pmid": "31514412", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor that arises from neoplastic melanocytes in the choroid, iris, and ciliary body. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been successfully established for the treatment of skin and soft tissue metastatic lesions, deep-seated tumors of the liver, bone metastases, and unresectable pancreas lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ECT in vitro in 3D spheroid culture systems in primary and metastatic UM cell lines. We also investigated the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) as an in vivo model system for the growth and treatment of UM tumors using ECT. The cytotoxic effect of ECT in 3D spheroids was analyzed seven days following treatment by assessment of the size and MTT [(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction] assay. The cytotoxicity of ECT after intratumoral or intraarterial administration was evaluated histologically. In vitro and in vivo ECT caused a significant reduction in tumor size and viability compared to electroporation or chemotherapy in both sections of our study. The current results underline the effectiveness of ECT in the treatment of UM and prepare the way for further investigation of its potential application in UM.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6443e695fc76", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The Management of Oligoprogression in the Landscape of New Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11101559", "pmid": "31615127", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background : A limited degree of progression after a response to treatment is labelled as oligoprogression and is a hot topic of metastatic melanoma (MM) management. Rogue progressive metastases could benefit from local treatment, which could allow the continuation of ongoing systemic therapy, also known as treatment beyond progression (TBP). Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 214 selected MM patients who developed oligoprogression during treatment with v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF)/mitogen-activated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) or programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and received a local treatment continuing TBP. We performed univariate and multivariable analyses to assess the association between therapy outcomes and a series of clinical and biological features. Results : We identified 27 (10%) oligoprogressed patients treated locally with surgery (14), radiosurgery (11), and electrochemotherapy (2). TBP included PD-1 inhibitors (13) and BRAF/MEK inhibitors (14). The median progression-free survival post oligoprogression (PFSPO) was 14 months (5-19 95% confidence interval (C.I.)). In the univariate analysis, a significantly longer PFSPO was associated with complete response (CR), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 0, neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio (N/L) <2, and progression-free survival (PFS) at oligoprogression >11 months. Nevertheless, in the multivariable analysis, only CR and N/L <2 were found to be associated with longer PFSPO. Conclusions : In selected patients, local treatments contribute to controlling oligoprogression for a long time, allowing the continuation of systemic treatment and prolongation of overall survival (OS). Increasing biological and clinical knowledge is improving the accuracy in identifying patients to apply for local ablative therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-39ef9c4daa6d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Real-World Use of Talimogene Laherparepvec in German Patients with Stage IIIB to IVM1a Melanoma: A Retrospective Chart Review and Physician Survey", "authors": "Mohr et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Adv Ther", "doi": "10.1007/s12325-018-0850-6", "pmid": "30536143", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Talimogene laherparepvec is a first-in-class oncolytic immunotherapy for intratumoral injection with proven efficacy and tolerability in patients with unresectable early metastatic melanoma (stage IIIB-IVM1a) in the pivotal phase III OPTiM study. The objective was to characterize melanoma patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bc6f2b4189a6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as an adjunct to the surgical management of metastatic melanoma: experience of the inspECT group (2008 to 2018)", "authors": "Odili et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.117", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Basal cell carcinoma(BCC) is one of the most common skin malignancies worldwide. In comparison to current management strategies for BCC, electrochemotherapy (ECT) proved to be a valid alternative in the management of primary and secondary lesions. ECT refers to intratumoural or intravenous injection of bleomycin followed by the delivery of electric pulses to the tumour area under local or general anaesthesia. The International Network for Sharing Practice on Electrochemotherapy(InspECT) database was analysed with the aim to understand if ECT is safe and effective in the treatment of BCC of the skin and mucous membranes. Materials and Methods. We performed a multicentre retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the InspECT database of 277 patients from 14 European centres affected by basal cell carcinoma who underwent ECT.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-15dc534fd4d8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Mechanisms and immunogenicity of nsPEF-induced cell death in B16F10 melanoma tumors", "authors": "Rossi et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-018-36527-5", "pmid": "30674926", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Accumulating data indicates that some cancer treatments can restore anticancer immunosurveillance through the induction of tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD). Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) have been shown to efficiently ablate melanoma tumors. In this study we investigated the mechanisms and immunogenicity of nsPEF-induced cell death in B16F10 melanoma tumors. Our data show that in vitro nsPEF (20-200, 200-ns pulses, 7 kV/cm, 2 Hz) caused a rapid dose-dependent cell death which was not accompanied by caspase activation or PARP cleavage. The lack of nsPEF-induced apoptosis was confirmed in vivo in B16F10 tumors. NsPEF also failed to trigger ICD-linked responses such as necroptosis and autophagy. Our results point at necrosis as the primary mechanism of cell death induced by nsPEF in B16F10 cells. We finally compared the antitumor immunity in animals treated with nsPEF (750, 200-ns, 25 kV/cm, 2 Hz) with animals were tumors were surgically removed. Compared to the naïve group where all animals developed tumors, nsPEF and surgery protected 33% (6/18) and 28.6% (4/14) of the animals, respectively. Our data suggest that, under our experimental conditions, the local ablation by nsPEF restored but did not boost the natural antitumor immunity which stays dormant in the tumor-bearing host.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-651b69accef0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The use of high-frequency short bipolar pulses in cisplatin electrochemotherapy in vitro", "authors": "Scuderi et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2019-0025", "pmid": "31194692", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background In electrochemotherapy (ECT), chemotherapeutics are first administered, followed by short 100 μs monopolar pulses. However, these pulses cause pain and muscle contractions. It is thus necessary to administer muscle relaxants, general anesthesia and synchronize pulses with the heart rhythm of the patient…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c3ba1d461b62", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Perspectives in melanoma: meeting report from the \"Melanoma Bridge\" (December 5th-7th, 2019, Naples, Italy)", "authors": "Ascierto et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/s12967-020-02482-x", "pmid": "32894202", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "The melanoma treatment landscape changed in 2011 with the approval of the first anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein (CTLA)-4 checkpoint inhibitor and of the first BRAF-targeted monoclonal antibody, both of which significantly improved overall survival (OS). Since then, improved understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor immune-evasion mechanisms has resulted in new approaches to targeting and harnessing the host immune response. The approval of new immune and targeted therapies has further improved outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma and other combination modalities are also being explored such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, electrochemotherapy and surgery. In addition, different strategies of drugs administration including sequential or combination treatment are being tested. Approaches to overcome resistance and to potentiate the immune response are being developed. Increasing evidence emerges that tissue and blood-based biomarkers can predict the response to a therapy. The latest findings in melanoma research, including insights into the tumor microenvironment and new biomarkers, improved understanding of tumor immune response and resistance, novel approaches for combination strategies and the role of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, were the focus of discussions at the Melanoma Bridge meeting (5-7 December, 2019, Naples, Italy), which are summarized in this report.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1718c0ad8e6b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Cell Electropermeabilisation Enhancement by Non-Thermal-Plasma-Treated PBS", "authors": "Chung et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12010219", "pmid": "31963132", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in local eradication of tumours in human and veterinary medicine has been proven. ECT consists of increasing the uptake of cytotoxic drugs by means of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) that transiently permeabilise the cell membrane. Still, this tumour treatment includes some drawbacks that are linked to the characteristics of the intense electric pulses (EPs) used. Meanwhile, the emerging field of cancer therapies that are based on the application of non-thermal plasmas (NTP) has recently garnered interest because of their potentialities as rich sources of reactive species. In this work, we investigated the potential capabilities of the combined application of indirect NTP treatment and microsecond PEFs (µsPEFs) to outperform in vitro cell electropermeabilisation, the basis of ECT. Thus, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was plasma-treated (pPBS) and used afterwards to explore the effects of its combination with µsPEFs. Analysis of two different cell lines (DC-3F Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts and malignant B16-F10 murine melanoma cells), by flow cytometry, revealed that this combination resulted in significant increases of the level of cell membrane electropermeabilisation, even at very low electric field amplitude. The B16-F10 cells were more sensitive to the combined treatment than DC-3F cells. Importantly, the percentage of permeabilised cells reached values similar to those of cells exposed to classical electroporation field amplitude (1100 V/cm) when the cells were treated with pPBS before and after being exposed only to very low PEF amplitude (600 V/cm). Although the level of permeabilisation of the cells that are treated by the pPBS and the PEFs at 600 V/cm is lower than the level reached after the exposure to µsPEFs alone at 1100 V/cm, the combined treatment opens the possibility to reduce the amplitude of the EPs used in ECT, potentially allowing for a novel ECT with reduced side-effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ced228566bd6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Image Analysis of 3D Conjunctival Melanoma Cell Cultures Following Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Fiorentzis et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines8060158", "pmid": "32545782", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures represent small avascular tumors in vitro and simulate some of the biological characteristics of solid tumors, enhancing the evaluation of anticancer drug efficacy. Automated image analysis can be used for the assessment of tumor growth and documentation of changes in the size parameters of 3D tumor spheroids following anticancer treatments such as electrochemotherapy. The objective of this article is to assess the effect of various electroporation (EP) conditions (500-750 Volts/cm, 8-20 pulses, 100 µs pulse duration, 5 Hz repetition rate) combined with different bleomycin concentrations (1-2.5 ug/mL) on normal epithelial (HCjE-Gi) and conjunctival melanoma (CRMM1, CRMM2) 3D-cell cultures, through an automated image analysis and a comparison with standard histological assays. A reduction in tumor mass with loss of cell definition was observed after ECT (750 Volts/cm with eight pulses and 500 Volts/cm with 20 pulses) with bleomycin (1 μg/mL and 2.5 μg/mL) in the histological and immunohistochemical analyses of 3D CRMM1 and CRMM2 spheroids, whereas an increase in volume and a decrease in sphericity was documented in the automated image analysis and 3D visualization of both melanoma cell lines. For all other treatment conditions and for the HCjE-Gi cell line, no significant changes to their morphological features were observed. Image analysis with integrated software tools provides an accessible and comprehensive platform for the preliminary selection of homogenous spheroids and for the monitoring of drug efficacy, implementing the traditional screening methods.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1a88b4dff6e2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Bleomycin electrochemotherapy for the management of locally advanced metastatic melanoma: Two notable clinical cases potentially indicating a greater therapeutic role in the era of targeted and immuno-therapy", "authors": "Gallagher et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "JPRAS Open", "doi": "10.1016/j.jpra.2020.09.007", "pmid": "33102675", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as a treatment modality for locally advanced metastatic melanoma over the past decade. The phenomenon of reversible electroporation enhances cell permeability when a pulsed electrical current is applied to tissues. This facilitates enhanced cytotoxicity of bleomycin with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-24a3375150d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long term response of electrochemotherapy with reduced dose of bleomycin in elderly patients with head and neck non-melanoma skin cancer", "authors": "Jamsek et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2020-0009", "pmid": "32074076", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local cancer treatment based on electroporation where the electric field is used to enhance cell membrane permeability and thereby facilitating the transition of chemotherapeutic agents into the cell. For the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer, a standard dosage of 15,000…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f849bfd5c0c4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrotransfer of siRNA to Silence Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein in Tumor Mediated by a High Intensity Pulsed Electromagnetic Field", "authors": "Kranjc", "year": 2020, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines8010049", "pmid": "32012775", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The contactless high intensity pulsed electromagnetic field (HI-PEMF)-induced increase of cell membrane permeability is similar to conventional electroporation, with the important difference of inducing an electric field non-invasively by exposing a treated tissue to a time-varying magnetic field. Due to the limited number of studies in the field of electroporation induced by HI-PEMF, we designed experiments to explore the feasibility of such a contactless delivery technique for the gene electrotransfer of nucleic acids in tissues in vivo. By using HI-PEMF for gene electrotransfer, we silenced enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) with siRNA molecules against EGFP in B16F10-EGFP tumors. Six days after the transfer, the fluorescent tumor area decreased by up to 39% as determined by fluorescence imaging in vivo. In addition, the silencing of EGFP to the same extent was confirmed at the mRNA and protein level. The results obtained in the in vivo mouse model demonstrate the potential use of HI-PEMF-induced cell permeabilization for gene therapy and DNA vaccination. Further studies are thus warranted to improve the equipment, optimize the protocols for gene transfer and the HI-PEMF parameters, and demonstrate the effects of HI-PEMF on a broader range of different normal and tumor tissues.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2a199f602d86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Intratumoral Gene Electrotransfer of Plasmid DNA Encoding shRNA against Melanoma Cell Adhesion Molecule Radiosensitizes Tumors by Antivascular Effects and Activation of an Immune Response", "authors": "Kranjc", "year": 2020, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines8010135", "pmid": "32204304", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "In this study, radiotherapy was combined with the gene electrotransfer (GET) of plasmid encoding shRNA against melanoma cell adhesion molecule (pMCAM) with dual action, which was a vascular-targeted effect mediated by the silencing of MCAM and an immunological effect mediated by the presence of plasmid DNA in the cytosol-activating DNA sensors. The effects and underlying mechanisms of therapy were evaluated in more immunogenic B16F10 melanoma and less immunogenic TS/A carcinoma. The silencing of MCAM potentiated the effect of irradiation (IR) in both tumor models. Combined therapy resulted in 81% complete responses (CR) in melanoma and 27% CR in carcinoma. Moreover, after the secondary challenge of cured mice, 59% of mice were resistant to challenge with melanoma cells, and none were resistant to carcinoma. Combined therapy reduced the number of blood vessels; induced hypoxia, apoptosis, and necrosis; and reduced cell proliferation in both tumor models. In addition, the significant increase of infiltrating immune cells was observed in both tumor models but more so in melanoma, where the expression of IL-12 and TNF-α was determined as well. Our results indicate that the combined therapy exerts both antiangiogenic and immune responses that contribute to the antitumor effect. However, tumor immunological status is crucial for a sufficient immune system contribution to the overall antitumor effect.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d38285cc0301", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Development of Tumor Cell-Based Vaccine with IL-12 Gene Electrotransfer as Adjuvant", "authors": "Remic", "year": 2020, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines8010111", "pmid": "32121641", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Tumor cell-based vaccines use tumor cells as a source of tumor-associated antigens. In our study, we aimed to develop and test a tumor vaccine composed of tumor cells killed by irradiation combined with in vivo interleukin-12 gene electrotransfer as an adjuvant. Vaccination was performed in the skin of B16-F10 malignant melanoma or CT26 colorectal carcinoma tumor-bearing mice, distant from the tumor site and combined with concurrent tumor irradiation. Vaccination was also performed before tumor inoculation in both tumor models and tumor outgrowth was followed. The antitumor efficacy of vaccination in combination with tumor irradiation or preventative vaccination varied between the tumor models. A synergistic effect between vaccination and irradiation was observed in the B16-F10, but not in the CT26 tumor model. In contrast, up to 56% of mice were protected from tumor outgrowth in the CT26 tumor model and none were protected in the B16-F10 tumor model. The results suggest a greater contribution of the therapeutic vaccination to tumor irradiation in a less immunogenic B16-F10 tumor model, in contrast to preventative vaccination, which has shown greater efficacy in a more immunogenic CT26 tumor model. Upon further optimization of the vaccination and irradiation regimen, our vaccine could present an alternative tumor cell-based vaccine.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-da79e2226952", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The use of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the management of malignant melanoma in the clinically frail patient: a case report", "authors": "Saad et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur J Plast Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s00238-020-01641-z", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The management of sinister cutaneous lesions including malignant melanoma in the clinically frail patient tends to present clinicians with a professional and ethical dilemma on the optimal but yet least invasive management option. We present a case of an 80-year-old female with numerous co-morbidities, presenting with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1c3ff3722332", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrotransfer of IL-15 IL-15Rα Complex for the Treatment of Established Melanoma", "authors": "Shirley", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12103072", "pmid": "33096755", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Gene electrotransfer (GET) is a safe, reliable, and effective method of delivering plasmid DNA (pDNA) to solid tumors. GET has been previously used to deliver interleukin-15 (IL-15) to mouse melanoma, resulting in long-term tumor regression and the survival of a percentage of treated animals after challenge. To enhance this effect, we evaluated modulating the expression levels of IL-15 and co-expressing its receptor, IL-15Rα. GET was used to deliver plasmids encoding IL-15 and IL-15Rα to established B16.F10 tumors on days 0, 4, and 7. Two delivery protocols that yielded different expression profiles were utilized. Mice that were tumor-free for 50 days were then challenged with B16.F10 cells on the opposite flank and monitored for an additional 50 days. The amount of IL-15 expressed and the presence or absence of IL-15Rα in the treated tumors did not significantly affect the tumor regression and long-term survival. Upon challenge, however, low levels of IL-15 were more protective and resulted in a greater production of anti-tumor cytokines such as IFN-γ and MIP-1β and a greater amount of CD11b+ and CD3e+ cells infiltrating tumors. While mice with high levels of IL-15 showed CD11b+ and CD3e+ cell infiltrate, there was a substantial presence of NK cells that was absent in other treated groups. We can conclude that the level of IL-15 expressed in tumors after GET is an important determinant of the therapeutic outcome, a finding that will help us finetune this type of therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-26e318bb49ab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The effect of calcium electroporation on viability, phenotype and function of melanoma conditioned macrophages", "authors": "Tremble", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-77743-2", "pmid": "33244152", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation in combination with chemotherapy is an established treatment used on solid malignancies that results in enhanced chemotherapeutic uptake. Recent advances have begun to transition to the use of non-toxic compounds, such as calcium, in lieu of chemotherapy, which can also induce tumour cell death. While the effect of treatment on tumour cell death has been well characterized and has been shown to induce an immunogenic form of cell death, the effect of treatment on intratumoural immune cells has not been investigated. Here we present data showing the effect of calcium electroporation on immune cells, using melanoma-conditioned bone marrow-derived macrophages. Similar to tumour cells, macrophage cell membranes are susceptible to poration following treatment and subsequently reseal. Macrophages are less susceptible to calcium electroporation induced cell death in comparison to B16F10 melanoma cells. However treatment with electroporation with or without bleomycin or calcium was shown to affect macrophage phenotype and function. Coculture of calcium electroporated macrophages revealed that both the capacity of macrophages to stimulate and direct T cell responses are affected following exposure to treatment. We conclude that calcium electroporation has the potential to boost the immunogenic capacity of exposed tumour associated macrophages, and further research is warranted to determine if calcium electroporation can be optimised to generate systemic anti-cancer immune responses.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6f3787cc270c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Tumor perfusion evaluation using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound after electrochemotherapy and IL-12 plasmid electrotransfer in murine melanoma", "authors": "Brloznik et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-92820-w", "pmid": "34188103", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin (ECT BLM) is an effective antitumor treatment already used in clinical oncology. However, ECT alone is still considered a local antitumor therapy because it cannot induce systemic immunity. When combined with adjuvant gene electrotransfer of plasmid DNA encoding IL-12 (GET pIL-12), the combined therapy leads to a systemic effect on untreated tumors and distant metastases. Although the antitumor efficacy of both therapies alone or in combination has been demonstrated at both preclinical and clinical levels, data on the predictors of efficacy of the treatments are still lacking. Herein, we evaluated the results of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) as a predictive factor for ECT BLM and GET pIL-12 in murine melanoma. Melanoma B16F10 tumors grown in female C57Bl/6NCrl mice were treated with GET pIL-12 and ECT BLM. Immediately after therapy, 6 h and 1, 3, 7 and 10 days later, tumors were examined by DCE-US. Statistical analysis was performed to inspect the correlation between tumor doubling time (DT) and DCE-US measurements using semilinear regression models and Bland-Altman plots. Therapeutic groups in which DCE-US showed reduced tumor perfusion had longer tumor DTs. It was confirmed that the DCE-US parameter peak enhancement (PE), reflecting relative blood volume, had predictive value for the outcome of therapy: larger PE correlated with shorter DT. In addition, perfusion heterogeneity was also associated with outcome: tumors that had more heterogeneous perfusion had faster growth, i.e., shorter DTs. This study demonstrates that DCE-US can be used as a method to predict the efficacy of electroporation-based treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5de0def257cd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and Other Clinical Applications of Electroporation for the Targeted Therapy of Metastatic Melanoma", "authors": "Cucu et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Materials (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ma14143985", "pmid": "34300902", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective bioelectrochemical procedure that uses controlled electrical pulses to facilitate the increase of intracellular concentration of certain substances (electropermeabilization/ reversible electroporation). ECT using antitumor drugs such as bleomycin and cisplatin is a minimally invasive targeted therapy that can be used as an alternative for oncologic patients not eligible for surgery or other standard therapies. Even though ECT is mainly applied as palliative care for metastases, it may also be used for primary tumors that are unresectable due to size and location. Skin neoplasms are the main clinical indication of ECT, the procedure reporting good curative results and high efficiency across all tumor types, including melanoma. In daily practice, there are many cases in which the patient's quality of life can be significantly improved by a safe procedure such as ECT. Its popularity must be increased because it has a safe profile and minor local adverse reactions. The method can be used by dermatologists, oncologists, and surgeons. The aim of this paper is to review recent literature concerning electrochemotherapy and other clinical applications of electroporation for the targeted therapy of metastatic melanoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-215982dcce75", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Attitudes among dermatologists regarding non-melanoma skin cancer treatment options", "authors": "Fania et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Discov Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12672-021-00421-w", "pmid": "35201447", "studyType": "Anket / Saha Araştırması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Non-melanoma skin cancers include basal and squamous cell carcinoma. These tumors have become an important health issue for their high incidence and for the morbidity, especially if untreated for a long period. Over the last 20 years, therapeutic approaches for these tumours have been improved and tailored. In this survey we provided data from one hundred and ten Italian dermatologists regarding knowledge and attitude towards different therapeutic approaches on non-melanoma skin cancers. In our study, we observed that surgery and imiquimod 5% cream were the most used treatment by dermatologists for basal cell carcinoma, while, surgery was the most common treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, we observed some differences regarding the prescribed therapies in the different Italian geographical areas (i.e., Mohs' surgery and electrochemotherapy were more frequently used in Northern compared to Central and Southern Italy whereas immunotherapy was more used in Southern compared to Northern and Central Italy) and even considering the year of specialization of the dermatologists (i.e., immunotherapy with cemiplimab was prescribed mainly by dermatologists with 10-19 years of specialization). However, for locally advanced and metastatic forms of basal and squamous cell carcinoma, Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors and anti- Programmed cell death protein antibody treatment, respectively, were used in line with the newest evolution of therapies regarding this topic. Considering the importance of skin cancers and its progressive increase in incidence, it is crucial to improve the knowledge of different therapeutic approaches among dermatologists.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Anket / Saha Araştırması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2098867a77c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin Enhances Radiosensitivity of Uveal Melanomas: First In Vitro Results in 3D Cultures of Primary Uveal Melanoma Cell Lines", "authors": "Fiorentzis et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13123086", "pmid": "34205625", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is emerging as a complementary treatment modality for local tumor control in various cancer entities. Irradiation is an established therapeutic option for oncologic patients, which is commonly combined with chemotherapy due to its insufficient targeting ability. The efficiency of radiotherapy for tumors can be enhanced with different radiosensitizers. ECT can potentiate the radiosensitizing effect of chemotherapeutic agents such as bleomycin. The present study aims to evaluate the radiosensitizing effect of concomitant ECT with bleomycin on 3D tumor spheroids with primary and radioresistant uveal melanoma cell lines (UPMD2, UPMM3, UM92.1, Mel270) and irradiation. The changes in the spheroid growth and the cell viability as well the cytotoxic long-term effect of the combination treatment were evaluated with various combinations of electroporation settings and bleomycin concentrations as well as radiotherapy doses. A broad range of radiosensitivity was documented among the spheroids from different uveal melanoma cell lines. The primary cell lines showed a higher radiosensitivity and required lower irradiation and bleomycin doses. The maximal tumor control with a reduction of cell survival <10% was achieved with a 5 Gy irradiation only in the primary uveal melanoma cell lines and in combination with all tested ECT settings, whereas the same result could be obtained in UM92.1 spheroids only after ECT with 20 Gy irradiation. Based on the spheroid growth and the measurement of the cross-sectional area, the Mel270 spheroids, originating from a previously irradiated recurrent uveal melanoma, required higher doses of bleomycin and ECT settings after irradiation with 5 Gy in order to achieve a significant growth reduction. No significant difference could be demonstrated for the reduction of cell viability in the combination therapy with 20 Gy and 1000 V/cm between 1 and 2.5 µg/mL bleomycin even in Mel270 spheroids, underlying the importance of a drug delivery system to potentiate the radiosensitizing effect of agents in lower doses. ECT should be further assessed for its applicability in clinical settings as a therapeutic radiosensitizing option for radioresistant tumors and a sufficient local tumor control with lower chemotherapy and irradiation doses.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7080ebe8951e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a Trigger to Overcome Primary Resistance to Anti-PD-1 Treatment: A Case Report of Melanoma of the Scalp", "authors": "Quaresmini et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2021.742666", "pmid": "34604086", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors is one of the main therapies for advanced melanoma. Nevertheless, albeit remarkable, immunotherapy results are still unsatisfactory as more than half of patients progress, and resistance to treatment still has a dramatic impact on clinical outcomes. Local treatments such as radiotherapy or electrochemotherapy (ECT), in addition to local control with palliative intent, have been shown to release tumoral neoantigens that can stimulate a robust systemic antitumor immune response. Case presentation: We report the case of a patient with multiple nodular melanoma lesions of the scalp initially treated with local ECT. Soon after the procedure, multiple new lesions appeared close to the treated ones, therefore the patient started a systemic treatment with the anti-PD-1 nivolumab. The lesions of the scalp did not respond to immunotherapy, presenting a loco-regional spreading. To control the bleeding and painful lesions, we performed a second ECT, while continuing systemic immunotherapy. The treated lesions responded to the second procedure, while the other lesions continued progressing in number and dimension. Unexpectedly, after 2 months from the second ECT, the patient presented a progressive shrinkage of both treated and untreated lesions until complete remission. Concomitantly, he developed immune-related adverse events including grade 4 thyroid toxicity, grade 2 vitiligo-like depigmentation and grade 2 pemphigoid. At present, after 18 months from the first ECT and 14 months from the starting of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, the patient is in good clinical condition and complete remission of disease still persists. Conclusion: This case highlights the potential role of ECT in increasing tumor immunogenicity and consequently in inducing a powerful immune response overcoming primary resistance to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-837987190a3b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "ROS Pleiotropy in Melanoma and Local Therapy with Physical Modalities", "authors": "Sagwal et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Oxid Med Cell Longev", "doi": "10.1155/2021/6816214", "pmid": "34777692", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Metabolic energy production naturally generates unwanted products such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative damage. Oxidative damage has been linked to several pathologies, including diabetes, premature aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. ROS were therefore originally anticipated as an imperative evil, a product of an imperfect system. More recently, however, the role of ROS in signaling and tumor treatment is increasingly acknowledged. This review addresses the main types, sources, and pathways of ROS in melanoma by linking their pleiotropic roles in antioxidant and oxidant regulation, hypoxia, metabolism, and cell death. In addition, the implications of ROS in various physical therapy modalities targeting melanoma, such as radiotherapy, electrochemotherapy, hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, and medical gas plasma, are also discussed. By including ROS in the main picture of melanoma skin cancer and as an integral part of cancer therapies, a greater understanding of melanoma cell biology is presented, which ultimately may elucidate additional clues on targeting therapy resistance of this most deadly form of skin cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7cedca9780be", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Evaluation of a Novel Plasmid for Simultaneous Gene Electrotransfer-Mediated Silencing of CD105 and CD146 in Combination with Irradiation", "authors": "Savarin", "year": 2021, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms22063069", "pmid": "33802812", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Targeting tumor vasculature through specific endothelial cell markers represents a promising approach for cancer treatment. Here our aim was to construct an antibiotic resistance gene-free plasmid encoding shRNAs to simultaneously target two endothelial cell markers, CD105 and CD146, and to test its functionality and therapeutic potential in vitro when delivered by gene electrotransfer (GET) and combined with irradiation (IR). Functionality of the plasmid was evaluated by determining the silencing of the targeted genes using qRT-PCR. Antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects were determined by the cytotoxicity assay tube formation assay and wound healing assay in murine endothelial cells 2H-11. The functionality of the plasmid construct was also evaluated in malignant melanoma tumor cell line B16F10. Additionally, potential activation of immune response was measured by induction of DNA sensor STING and proinflammatory cytokines by qRT-PCR in endothelial cells 2H-11. We demonstrated that the plasmid construction was successful and can efficiently silence the expression of the two targeted genes. As a consequence of silencing, reduced migration rate and angiogenic potential was confirmed in 2H-11 endothelial cells. Furthermore, induction of DNA sensor STING and proinflammatory cytokines were determined, which could add to the therapeutic effectiveness when used in vivo. To conclude, we successfully constructed a novel plasmid DNA with two shRNAs, which holds a great promise for further in vivo testing.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c992fb67f72a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Outcomes of older adults aged 90 and over with cutaneous malignancies after electrochemotherapy with bleomycin: a matched cohort analysis from the InspECT registry", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2020.11.171", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "While the risks associated with sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in the regional nodal staging for malignant melanoma are low, efforts have been made at identifying patients in whom the procedure could safely be omitted. Clinicopathological parameters can be used to estimate patients at a higher probability of sentinel nodal metastases. The aim of this study is to compare the predictive value of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center(1)(MSKCC) nomogram and the newly developed Melanoma Insitute Australia(2) (MIA) nomogram to predict SLN metastases in patients with primary cutaneous melanoma in a university teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: Between June 2018 and August 2020, patients with primary malignant melanoma that underwent regional nodal staging with sentinel node biopsy were identified. All clinical and pathological parameters included in both the MSKCC and MIA nomograms were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-fee66aea4e", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:sersa", "yil-farki:0", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-d19de7d3b0b4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Current status of intralesional agents in treatment of malignant melanoma", "authors": "Zawit", "year": 2021, "journal": "Ann Transl Med", "doi": "10.21037/atm-21-491", "pmid": "34277838", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Prognosis of metastatic melanoma has undergone substantial improvement with the discovery of checkpoint inhibitors. Immunotherapies and targeted therapies have improved the median overall survival (OS) of metastatic melanoma from 6 months to more than 3 years. However, still about half of the patients die due to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c59f48387d62", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Perspectives in Melanoma: meeting report from the Melanoma Bridge (December 2nd - 4th, 2021, Italy)", "authors": "Ascierto et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/s12967-022-03592-4", "pmid": "36058945", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Advances in immune checkpoint and combination therapy have led to improvement in overall survival for patients with advanced melanoma. Improved understanding of the tumor, tumor microenvironment and tumor immune-evasion mechanisms has resulted in new approaches to targeting and harnessing the host immune response. Combination modalities with other immunotherapy agents, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, electrochemotherapy are also being explored to overcome resistance and to potentiate the immune response. In addition, novel approaches such as adoptive cell therapy, oncogenic viruses, vaccines and different strategies of drug administration including sequential, or combination treatment are being tested. Despite the progress in diagnosis of melanocytic lesions, correct classification of patients, selection of appropriate adjuvant and systemic theràapies, and prediction of response to therapy remain real challenges in melanoma. Improved understanding of the tumor microenvironment, tumor immunity and response to therapy has prompted extensive translational and clinical research in melanoma. There is a growing evidence that genomic and immune features of pre-treatment tumor biopsies may correlate with response in patients with melanoma and other cancers, but they have yet to be fully characterized and implemented clinically. Development of novel biomarker platforms may help to improve diagnostics and predictive accuracy for selection of patients for specific treatment. Overall, the future research efforts in melanoma therapeutics and translational research should focus on several aspects including: (a) developing robust biomarkers to predict efficacy of therapeutic modalities to guide clinical decision-making and optimize treatment regimens, (b) identifying mechanisms of therapeutic resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors that are potentially actionable, (c) identifying biomarkers to predict therapy-induced adverse events, and (d) studying mechanism of actions of therapeutic agents and developing algorithms to optimize combination treatments. During the Melanoma Bridge meeting (December 2nd-4th, 2021, Naples, Italy) discussions focused on the currently approved systemic and local therapies for advanced melanoma and discussed novel biomarker strategies and advances in precision medicine as well as the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on management of melanoma patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8e325ee86b92", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Interventional Ultrasound in Dermatology: A Pictorial Overview Focusing on Cutaneous Melanoma Patients", "authors": "Corvino et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Ultrasound Med", "doi": "10.1002/jum.16073", "pmid": "35920315", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Cutaneous melanoma incidence is increasing worldwide, representing an aggressive tumor when evolving to the metastatic phase. High-resolution ultrasound (US) is playing a growing role in the assessment of newly diagnosed melanoma cases, in the locoregional staging prior to the sentinel lymph-node biopsy procedure, and in the melanoma patient follow-up. Additionally, US may guide a number of percutaneous procedures in the melanoma patients, encompassing diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. These include fine needle cytology, core biopsy, placement of presurgical guidewires, aspiration of lymphoceles and seromas, and electrochemotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-961f82fb5ce3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of skin metastases from malignant melanoma: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review", "authors": "Ferioli et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Clin Exp Metastasis", "doi": "10.1007/s10585-022-10180-9", "pmid": "35869314", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "The main treatment of MM metastases are systemic therapies, surgery, limb perfusion, and intralesional talimogene laherparepvec. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is potentially useful also due to the high response rates recorded in cancers of any histology. No randomized studies comparing ECT with other local therapies have been published on this topic. We analyzed the available evidence on efficacy and toxicity of ECT in this setting. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were screened for paper about ECT on MM skin metastases. Data about tumor response, mainly in terms of overall response rate (ORR), toxicity (both for ECT alone and in combination with systemic treatments), local control (LC), and overall survival (OS) were collected. The methodological quality was assessed using a 20-item validated quality appraisal tool for case series. Overall, 18 studies were included in our analysis. In studies reporting \"per patient\" tumor response the pooled complete response (CR) was 35.7% (95%CI 26.0-46.0%), and the pooled ORR was 80.6% (95%CI 68.7-90.1%). Regarding \"per lesion\" response, the pooled CR was 53.5% (95%CI 42.1-64.7%) and the pooled ORR was 77.0% (95%CI 56.0-92.6%). One-year LC rate was 80%, and 1-year OS was 67-86.2%. Pain (24.2-92.0%) and erythema (16.6-42.0%) were the most frequent toxicities. Two studies reported 29.2% and 41.6% incidence of necrosis. ECT is effective in terms of tumor response and tolerated in patients with skin metastases from MM, albeit with a wide variability of reported results. Therefore, prospective trials in this setting are warranted.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ffb773004c02", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation and Immunotherapy-Unleashing the Abscopal Effect", "authors": "Justesen et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14122876", "pmid": "35740542", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "The discovery of electroporation in 1968 has led to the development of electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE). ECT and IRE have been established as treatments of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors and locally advanced pancreatic cancer, respectively. Interestingly, the treatment modalities have been shown to elicit immunogenic cell death, which in turn can induce an immune response towards the tumor cells. With the dawn of the immunotherapy era, the potential of combining ECT and IRE with immunotherapy has led to the launch of numerous studies. Data from the first clinical trials are promising, and new combination regimes might change the way we treat tumors characterized by low immunogenicity and high levels of immunosuppression, such as melanoma and pancreatic cancer. In this review we will give an introduction to ECT and IRE and discuss the impact on the immune system. Additionally, we will present the results of clinical and preclinical trials, investigating the combination of electroporation modalities and immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7247b1659fc6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Maintenance and gene electrotransfer efficiency of antibiotic resistance gene-free plasmids encoding mouse, canine and human interleukin-12 orthologues", "authors": "Kamensek", "year": 2022, "journal": "Heliyon", "doi": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08879", "pmid": "35265755", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a cytokine used as a therapeutic molecule in cancer immunotherapy. Gene electrotransfer mediated delivery of IL-12 gene has reached clinical evaluation in the USA using a plasmid that in addition to IL-12 gene also carry an antibiotic resistance gene needed for its production in bacteria. In…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-71fc10b549f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium Electroporation Reduces Viability and Proliferation Capacity of Four Uveal Melanoma Cell Lines in 2D and 3D Cultures", "authors": "Kraemer et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14122889", "pmid": "35740554", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is the combination of transient pore formation following electric pulse application with the administration of cytotoxic drugs, which enhances the cytotoxic effect of the applied agent due to membrane changes and permeabilization. Although EP represents an established therapeutic option for solid malignancies, recent advances shift to the investigation of non-cytotoxic agents, such as calcium, which can also induce cell death. The present study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic effect, the morphological changes in tumor spheroids, the effect on the cell viability, and the cell-specific growth rate following calcium electroporation (CaEP) in uveal melanoma (UM) 2D monolayer cell cultures as well as in 3D tumor spheroid models. The experiments were conducted in four cell lines, UM92.1, Mel270, and two primary UM cell lines, UPMD2 and UPMM3 (UPM). The 2D and 3D UM cell cultures were electroporated with eight rectangular pulses (100 µs pulse duration, 5 Hz repetition frequency) of a 1000 V/cm pulse strength alone or in combination with 0.11 mg/mL, 0.28 mg/mL, 0.55 mg/mL or 1.11 mg/mL calcium chloride or 1.0 µg/mL or 2.5 µg/mL bleomycin. The application of calcium chloride alone induced an ATP reduction only in the UM92.1 2D cell cultures. Calcium alone had no significant effect on ATP levels in all four UM spheroids. A significant decrease in the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level was documented in all four 2D and 3D cell cultures for both CaEP as well as ECT with bleomycin. The results suggest a dose-dependent ATP depletion with a wide range of sensitivity among the tested UM cell lines, control groups, and the applied settings in both 2D monolayer cell cultures and 3D tumor spheroid models. The colony formation capacity of the cell lines after two weeks reduced significantly after CaEP only with 0.5 mg/mL and 1.1 mg/mL, whereas the same effect could be achieved with both applied bleomycin concentrations, 1.0 µg/mL and 2.5 µg/mL, for the ECT group. The specific growth rate on day 7 following CaEP was significantly reduced in UM92.1 cell lines with 0.5 and 1.1 mg/mL calcium chloride, while Mel270 showed a similar effect only after administration of 1.1 mg/mL. UM92.1 and Mel270 spheroids exhibited lower adhesion and density after CaEP on day three in comparison to UPM spheroids showing detachment after day 7 following treatment. CaEP and bleomycin electroporation significantly reduce cell viability at similar applied voltage settings. CaEP may be a feasible and inexpensive therapeutic option for the local tumor control with fewer side effects, in comparison to other chemotherapeutic agents, for the treatment of uveal melanoma. The limited effect on normal cells and the surrounding tissue has already been investigated, but further research is necessary to clarify the effect on the surrounding tissue and to facilitate its application in a clinical setting for the eye.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a850e25f9ea3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Successful Electrochemotherapy Treatment of a Large Bleeding Lymph Node Melanoma Metastasis", "authors": "Landström et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Melanoma Manag", "doi": "10.2217/mmt-2021-0006", "pmid": "35813184", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Despite the progress in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma not all patients with loco-regional recurrences will respond to treatment. Electrochemotherapy is a relatively new treatment modality where the efficacy of a chemotherapeutic drug is enhanced by an electrical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-960ec68e6fd3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy for the treatment of a Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (perianal giant condyloma) in an HIV-positive kidney transplant recipient: A case report", "authors": "Russano et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Oncol Lett", "doi": "10.3892/ol.2022.13586", "pmid": "36406182", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (BLT), also known as giant condyloma acuminatum, is a rare sexually transmitted disease often associated with human papillomavirus types 6 and 11. There are no specific guidelines for treating BLT. Surgery is the preferred treatment, although it can have profound consequences on a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b80a59e50f85", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "FR- Electroquimioterapia para el tratamiento de tumores cutáneos primarios y secundarios", "authors": "Vega Díez et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas", "doi": "10.1016/j.ad.2021.05.019", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "ACTAS Dermo-Sifiliográficas 113 (2022) T817---T818 RESIDENT’S FORUM [Translated article] RF----Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Primary and Secondary Skin Tumors FR----Electroquimioterapia para el tratamiento de tumores cutáneos primarios y secundarios D. Vega Díez ∗ , A. Rodríguez-Villa Lario, L.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-65fdcd4fd184", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Nanosecond electric pulses are equally effective in electrochemotherapy with cisplatin as microsecond pulses", "authors": "Vizintin et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2022-0028", "pmid": "35962956", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Nanosecond electric pulses showed promising results in electrochemotherapy, but the underlying mechanisms of action are still unexplored. The aim of this work was to correlate cellular cisplatin amount with cell survival of cells electroporated with nanosecond or standardly used 8 × 100 μs pulses and to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-018f9cc889", "studyRelation": "correction-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:vizintin", "yil-farki:1", "belge-turu:duzeltme", "ayni-yayinci:10.2478" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d75c82cbf9ea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "An analysis of clinical effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of advanced metastatic malignant melanoma performed in the eastern part of Central Europe: a single-centre experience", "authors": "Ziętek et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Postepy Dermatol Alergol", "doi": "10.5114/ada.2022.117528", "pmid": "35950133", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM), in case of non-resectability of the lesions, have only a limited pool of the available treatment options. In recent years especially electrochemotherapy (ECT) has become an increasingly important therapy in locoregionally advanced MM. Aim: In this study an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4360c4c47b1f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "European e-Delphi process to define expert consensus on electrochemotherapy treatment indications, procedural aspects, and quality indicators in melanoma", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Br J Surg", "doi": "10.1093/bjs/znad105", "pmid": "37131298", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background Skin metastases are an important co-morbidity in melanoma. Despite broad adoption, electrochemotherapy implementation is hindered by a lack of treatment indications, uncertainty regarding procedural aspects, and the absence of quality indicators. An expert consensus may harmonize the approach among centres…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ce14e5714c65", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of melanoma What we know and what is unexplored", "authors": "Choromańska et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Adv Clin Exp Med", "doi": "10.17219/acem/158076", "pmid": "36637184", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The cell membrane can be permeabilized when subjected to calibrated short electric pulses. This membrane alteration can be reversible, leaving cell viability unaffected. This set of events is called electroporation (EP). It is now used in clinical applications to introduce hydrophilic drugs into the cytoplasm. One of the EP applications is electrochemotherapy (ECT), in which EP is used for the selective delivery of drugs administered to treat cancer. The combination of EP with chemotherapy allows local cancer treatment, lowering the drug dose and reducing the side effects of systemic chemotherapy. Nowadays, bleomycin-based ECT (BLM-ECT) is a safe treatment for cutaneous tumors and skin metastases with established standard operating procedures. Additionally, there is emerging evidence that BLM-ECT may be particularly effective in combination with immunotherapies, acting synergistically and producing enhanced systemic anti-tumor effects. Still, to make it the first-choice therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma, further studies are needed to establish the relative effectiveness of ECT. Analyzing the EP phenomenon and the objective complexity of the associated effects at the cell level, we came across a problem that has not yet been investigated in increasing the therapeutic effectiveness of ECT. The profile and kinetics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from cells subjected to EP have not been analyzed. The exact nature of these EVs is unknown.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0aae78bf8d2b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Repetitive Bleomycin-Based Electrochemotherapy Improves Antitumor Effectiveness in 3D Tumor Models of Conjunctival Melanoma", "authors": "Heinzelmann et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm12031087", "pmid": "36769736", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Conjunctival melanoma (CM) is associated with a high rate of local recurrence and poor survival rate. Novel therapeutic options are needed to reduce recurrence rate. The objective of the study was to demonstrate the improved effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) on CM using repetitive application. Methods: Tumor spheroids of three CM cell lines (CRMM1, CRMM2, CM2005.1) were treated repetitively with ECT using the chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin on days 3, 5, and 7 of culture. Application of bleomycin alone and electroporation alone served as controls. The cytotoxic effect was analyzed on day 10 compared to untreated control using an independent t-test. The spheroid outgrowth rate was measured. Result: CM tumor spheroid size (median value: 78%, SD: 32%) and viability (median value: 11%, SD: 11%) were dramatically reduced after repetitive ECT treatment ( p -value < 0.001). Decreased proliferation capacity (down to 8%) and an increase of apoptotic cells were observed. In most repetitive ECT-treated spheroids, no viable or proliferating cells were detected. Only 33-40% of repetitive ECT-treated spheroids exhibited single outgrowing cells with a delay of time up to 38 days. Conclusion: Repetitive ECT application effectively induces cytotoxic effects in CM spheroids by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation and decreasing the percentage of surviving tumor cells. Thus, repetitive ECT results in improved antitumor effectiveness in CM and could be an alternative therapy option.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec7644da9804", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The effectiveness of calcium electroporation combined with gene electrotransfer of a plasmid encoding IL-12 is tumor type-dependent", "authors": "Lisec et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2023.1189960", "pmid": "37304301", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Introduction: In calcium electroporation (CaEP), electroporation enables the cellular uptake of supraphysiological concentrations of Ca 2+ , causing the induction of cell death. The effectiveness of CaEP has already been evaluated in clinical trials; however, confirmatory preclinical studies are still needed to further elucidate its effectiveness and underlying mechanisms. Here, we tested and compared its efficiency on two different tumor models to electrochemotherapy (ECT) and in combination with gene electrotransfer (GET) of a plasmid encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12). We hypothesized that IL-12 potentiates the antitumor effect of local ablative therapies as CaEP and ECT. Methods: The effect of CaEP was tested in vitro as well as in vivo in murine melanoma B16-F10 and murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 in comparison to ECT with bleomycin. Specifically, the treatment efficacy of CaEP with increasing calcium concentrations alone or in combination with IL-12 GET in different treatment protocols was investigated. We closely examined the tumor microenvironment by immunofluorescence staining of immune cells, as well as blood vessels and proliferating cells. Results: In vitro , CaEP and ECT with bleomycin reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. We observed no differences in sensitivity between the two cell lines. A dose-dependent response was also observed in vivo ; however, the efficacy was better in 4T1 tumors than in B16-F10 tumors. In 4T1 tumors, CaEP with 250 mM Ca resulted in more than 30 days of growth delay, which was comparable to ECT with bleomycin. In contrast, adjuvant peritumoral application of IL-12 GET after CaEP prolonged the survival of B16-F10, but not 4T1-bearing mice. Moreover, CaEP with peritumoral IL-12 GET modified tumor immune cell populations and tumor vasculature. Conclusions: Mice bearing 4T1 tumors responded better to CaEP in vivo than mice bearing B16-F10 tumors, even though a similar response was observed in vitro . Namely, one of the most important factors might be involvement of the immune system. This was confirmed by the combination of CaEP or ECT with IL-12 GET, which further enhanced antitumor effectiveness. However, the potentiation of CaEP effectiveness was also highly dependent on tumor type; it was more pronounced in poorly immunogenic B16-F10 tumors compared to moderately immunogenic 4T1 tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-035142bf8f0d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Study on B16 Cell Cytotoxicity by High Frequency Reversible Electroporation With Bleomycin That Induces Hallmarks of Immunogenic Death", "authors": "Lv et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2022.3216869", "pmid": "36279349", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Hundreds of high frequency bipolar pulse bursts with ∼1 μs have been suggested to alleviate muscle contractions and pain during the irreversible electroporation (IRE) tumor treatment. This study is performed to verify whether eight bursts of high frequency reversible electroporation pulses (HFREs) with bleomycin could…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b50ea3b8b62", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Melanoma Cutaneous Metastases in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies", "authors": "Milicevic et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms24098335", "pmid": "37176042", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the management of advanced melanoma, led to durable responses, and improved overall survival. However, the success of ICIs in melanoma treatment is influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME) which plays a critical role in regulating the immune response to the tumor. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this interaction is crucial to optimizing the efficiency of ICIs. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been shown to enhance the efficacy of ICIs in melanoma treatment by inducing tumor cell death and facilitating the release of tumor antigens which can subsequently be recognized and targeted by the immune system. Moreover, ECT has been reported to modulate the TME, leading to increased infiltration of immune cells and a more favorable immunological profile. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge of changes in TME after ECT of melanoma cutaneous metastasis and highlight the differences in tumor-infiltrating immune cells between immunocompetent and immunosuppressed organisms. In addition, we showed that ECT can be an effective and safe procedure for organ transplant recipients. Furthermore, repeated ECT may enhance immune activation and probably induce a bystander effect by trained immunity.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7aa0a2b791bc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Potential dual synergy between electrochemotherapy and sequence of immunotherapies in metastatic melanoma: A case report", "authors": "Morgese et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Mol Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.3892/mco.2023.2604", "pmid": "36761389", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed the natural history of advanced melanoma. Despite this, a notable proportion of patients immediately relapse or develop resistance during immunotherapy, especially with the appearance of superficial metastases and consequently with a dramatic impact on clinical outcomes. Local…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-de80d3905819", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Tumor Radiosensitization by Gene Electrotransfer-Mediated Double Targeting of Tumor Vasculature", "authors": "Savarin", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms24032755", "pmid": "36769077", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Targeting the tumor vasculature through specific endothelial cell markers involved in different signaling pathways represents a promising tool for tumor radiosensitization. Two prominent targets are endoglin (CD105), a transforming growth factor β co-receptor, and the melanoma cell adhesion molecule (CD1046), present also on many tumors. In our recent in vitro study, we constructed and evaluated a plasmid for simultaneous silencing of these two targets. In the current study, our aim was to explore the therapeutic potential of gene electrotransfer-mediated delivery of this new plasmid in vivo, and to elucidate the effects of combined therapy with tumor irradiation. The antitumor effect was evaluated by determination of tumor growth delay and proportion of tumor free mice in the syngeneic murine mammary adenocarcinoma tumor model TS/A. Histological analysis of tumors (vascularization, proliferation, hypoxia, necrosis, apoptosis and infiltration of immune cells) was performed to evaluate the therapeutic mechanisms. Additionally, potential activation of the immune response was evaluated by determining the induction of DNA sensor STING and selected pro-inflammatory cytokines using qRT-PCR. The results point to a significant radiosensitization and a good therapeutic potential of this gene therapy approach in an otherwise radioresistant and immunologically cold TS/A tumor model, making it a promising novel treatment modality for a wide range of tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2e2a5f5065e8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Plus IL-2+IL-12 Gene Electrotransfer in Spontaneous Inoperable Stage III-IV Canine Oral Malignant Melanoma", "authors": "Tellado et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines11061033", "pmid": "37376422", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a standard of care in veterinary and human oncology. The treatment induces a well-characterized local immune response which is not able to induce a systemic response. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the addition of gene electrotransfer (GET) of canine IL-2 peritumorally and IL-12 intramuscularly to enhance the immune response. Thirty canine patients with inoperable oral malignant melanoma were included. Ten patients received ECT+GET as the treatment group, while twenty patients received ECT as the control group. Intravenous bleomycin for the ECT was used in both groups. All patients had compromised lymph nodes which were surgically removed. Plasma levels of interleukins, local response rate, overall survival, and progression-free survival were evaluated. The results show that IL-2 and IL-12 expression peaked around days 7-14 after transfection. Both groups showed similar local response rates and overall survival times. However, progression-free survival resulted significantly better in the ECT+GET group, which is a better indicator than overall survival, as it is not influenced by the criterion used for performing euthanasia. We can conclude that the combination of ECT+GET using IL-2 and IL-12 improves treatment outcomes by slowing down tumoral progression in stage III-IV inoperable canine oral malignant melanoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dc65ccc18e1d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium electroporation as an adjunct therapy for pembrolizumab-resistant bladder cancer a case report", "authors": "Vissing et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.1080/0284186X.2023.2226330", "pmid": "37436059", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (CaEP) has demonstrated promising results for local treatment of cutaneous metastases from breast cancer, melanoma, and head-and-neck cancer in initial clinical trials [1–3]...", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-ef9a69ed7ec8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Review of Role of Surgery with Electroporation in Melanoma: Chemotherapy, Immunotherapy, and Gene Delivery", "authors": "Ahmad et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm13133828", "pmid": "38999394", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electroporation with chemotherapy (ECT) is currently offered as a treatment in Europe for locoregional or metastatic melanoma with cutaneous lesions. However, the role of surgery and other forms of electroporation in melanoma requires further evaluation. Two reviewers used two databases to conduct a literature search and review, and 51 publications related to electroporation with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or gene delivery were found. ECT appears to be effective in reducing tumor burden for surgical resection, replacing surgical intervention with evidence of complete regression in some lesions, and inducing both local and systemic immune effects. These immune effects are pronounced when ECT is combined with immunotherapy, with a statistically significant improvement in overall survival (OS). Other forms of electroporation, such as those using calcium chloride, an IL-12 plasmid, and vaccination, require further study. However, IL-12 plasmid electroporation may be inferior to ECT based on the evidence available. Furthermore, irradiation of the tumor prior to ECT treatment is negatively correlated with local response. Access to ECT is restricted in the US and requires further evaluation. More randomized controlled trials of ECT and electroporation treatment in locoregional melanoma are recommended.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6ab8c765202d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation with Calcium or Bleomycin: First Application in an In Vivo Uveal Melanoma Patient-Derived Xenograft Model", "authors": "Anastasova et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Pharmaceuticals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ph17070905", "pmid": "39065755", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Uveal melanoma (UM) represents a rare tumor of the uveal tract and is associated with a poor prognosis due to the high risk of metastasis. Despite advances in the treatment of UM, the mortality rate remains high, dictating an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. The current study introduces the first in vivo analysis of the therapeutic potential of calcium electroporation (CaEP) compared with electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model based on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The experiments were conducted as monotherapy with either 5 or 10 mM calcium chloride or 1 or 2.5 µg/mL bleomycin in combination with EP or EP alone. CaEP and ECT induced a similar reduction in proliferative activity, neovascularization, and melanocytic expansion. A dose-dependent effect of CaEP triggered a significant induction of necrosis, whereas ECT application of 1 µg/mL bleomycin resulted in a significantly increased apoptotic response compared with untreated tumor grafts. Our results outline the prospective use of CaEP and ECT with bleomycin as an adjuvant treatment of UM, facilitating adequate local tumor control and potentially an improvement in metastatic and overall survival rates.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fe109fc90746", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effectiveness and tolerance of electrochemotherapy as palliative therapy for patients with head and neck cancer and malignant melanoma and its relation to early skin reaction", "authors": "Caballero-Borrego et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Braz J Otorhinolaryngol", "doi": "10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101365", "pmid": "38006727", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance after the electrochemotherapy treatment for local therapy of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of head-and-neck tumors and malignant melanoma refractory to standard therapies, mainly in neck metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma. And, to evaluate the relation of this response according to the skin reaction (healing with ulcer or dry crust). Methods: prospective pase II, observational clinical study of 56 patients with metastases of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (n=13), papillary thyroid carcinoma (n=4), adenoid cystic carcinoma of parotid gland (n=1) or malignant melanoma (n=37, 5 in head). Patients were treated by electrochemotherapy (application of electrical pulses into the tumor) after the administration of a single intravenous dose of bleomycin. Kaplan-Meier curves were performed. The statistical significance was evaluated using log-rank test; p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Overall clinical response was observed in 47 patients (84%). Local side effects were mild in all the patients. Ten patients (76.9%) with neck metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma had some degree of response, but only in one was complete. Patients even with only partial response had a higher overall survival than patients without response (p= 0.02). Most of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma had diminution of pain and anxiety. Response rate and overall survival was higher in MM patients (86.5%) than in squamous cell cancer patients (76.9%) (p= 0.043). The healing process (dry crust/ulcer) was not associated with the overall survival (p= 0.86). Conclusions: Electrochemotherapy is associated a higher overall survival and diminution of pain and anxiety. Therefore, it is an option as palliative treatment for patients with neck metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma refractory to other therapies or even as a concomitant treatment with newer immunotherapies. The type of healing of the surgical wound could not be associated with a higher rate of response or survival. Level of evidence: III.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1e86b7b2b097", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Treatment strategies with electrochemotherapy for limb in-transit melanoma: real-world outcomes from a European, retrospective, multicentre analysis: the CLIMATE study", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2024.109327", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Adjuvant BRAF/MEK inhibitors and immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 have become the standard of care for resected high-risk stage III and IV melanoma, but a head-to-head comparison in a clinical trial is lacking. Material and methods: We included all resected stage III melanoma patients who received first-line adjuvant BRAF/MEK inhibitors or anti-PD-1 from the Dutch Melanoma Treatment Registry from 2018-2023. We performed a propensity score matched outcome analysis of recurrence-free survival (RFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS). Grade \u0002 3 toxicity rates and discontinuation rates due to any grade toxicity were described for the matched patients with a minimum followup time of one year or death within 12 months. Results (For Surgical Trial Proposals fill in 'the Feasibility', for Surgical Trial in Progress fill in the 'Current status') In total, 227 patients who received BRAF/MEK inhibitors and 736 who received anti-PD-1 treatment were included.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-cdfc97cd1633", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Topical and Intralesional Treatments for Skin Metastases and Locoregionally Advanced Melanoma", "authors": "Criado-Otero et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17010067", "pmid": "39796696", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous melanoma is a malignant neoplasm with local and distant metastatic potential. When feasible, surgery is the first line of treatment in locoregionally advanced disease. Topical and intralesional treatments can be an alternative second-line treatment. The aim of this article was to perform a narrative review of the most widely used topical and intralesional treatments for locoregionally advanced melanoma. Diphenciprone, imiquimod and 5-florouracil were included as topical treatments and bacillus Calmette-Guerin, interleukin 2, rose bengal, talimogene laherparepvec and electrochemotherapy were included as intralesional treatments. Brief comments on other alternatives in development such as interferon-alpha, interleukin-12, ipilimumab and intralesional daromun are presented. Topical treatments generally have higher response rates in epidermal metastases than in deeper metastases. In addition, the larger the lesions, the worse they tend to respond to local treatments. Some reports show that combining certain systemic treatments and topical or intralesional therapies can improve response rates. It has also been described in a few papers that non-injected lesions may respond after the application of a local therapy in distant skin-metastases. Many of these intralesional treatments are being combined in different investigations with systemic immunotherapies, with the aim of obtaining synergic responses in those patients with refractory disease.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-493787e7a92c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "IL-12 and PD-1 peptide combination gene therapy for the treatment of melanoma", "authors": "Heller", "year": 2024, "journal": "Mol Ther Nucleic Acids", "doi": "10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102267", "pmid": "39176175", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene electrotransfer (GET) delivery is highly effective in inducing long-term, complete regression in mouse and human melanoma and other solid tumors. Therapeutic efficacy is enhanced by immune checkpoint inhibitors, and the combination of IL-12 plasmid GET (pIL-12 GET) and anti-programmed cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-19dac29b8df8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The Effects of Bipolar Cancellation Phenomenon on Nano-Electrochemotherapy of Melanoma Tumors: In Vitro and In Vivo Pilot", "authors": "Mickevičiūtė et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25179338", "pmid": "39273287", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The phenomenon known as bipolar cancellation is observed when biphasic nanosecond electric field pulses are used, which results in reduced electroporation efficiency when compared to unipolar pulses of the same parameters. Basically, the negative phase of the bipolar pulse diminishes the effect of the positive phase. Our study aimed to investigate how bipolar cancellation affects Ca 2+ electrochemotherapy and cellular response under varying electric field intensities and pulse durations (3-7 kV/cm, 100, 300, and 500 ns bipolar 1 MHz repetition frequency pulse bursts, n = 100). As a reference, standard microsecond range parametric protocols were used (100 µs × 8 pulses). We have shown that the cancellation effect is extremely strong when the pulses are closely spaced (1 MHz frequency), which results in a lack of cell membrane permeabilization and consequent failure of electrochemotherapy in vitro. To validate the observations, we have performed a pilot in vivo study where we compared the efficacy of monophasic (5 kV/cm × ↑500 ns × 100) and biphasic sequences (5 kV/cm × ↑500 ns + ↓500 ns × 100) delivered at 1 MHz frequency in the context of Ca 2+ electrochemotherapy ( B16-F10 cell line, C57BL/6 mice, n = 24). Mice treated with bipolar pulses did not exhibit prolonged survival when compared to the untreated control (tumor-bearing mice); therefore, the bipolar cancellation phenomenon was also occurrent in vivo, significantly impairing electrochemotherapy. At the same time, the efficacy of monophasic nanosecond pulses was comparable to 1.4 kV/cm × 100 µs × 8 pulses sequence, resulting in tumor reduction following the treatment and prolonged survival of the animals.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e1ec90800ee1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Treatment in a Patient with an Extended Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Face: A Case Report", "authors": "Russano et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Pers Med", "doi": "10.3390/jpm14090984", "pmid": "39338238", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are common human malignancies with a rising incidence in recent years. While BCCs have a low mortality rate, they are often associated with significant local skin damage characterized by erythema, skin ulceration, and persistent pigmentation. Surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy have traditionally been the principal treatments for these skin injuries. However, electrochemotherapy has recently been proposed as a novel local treatment with promising results for various skin cancers, including BCC, while avoiding the side effects of conventional therapies. ECT involves a local electrical stimulus that enhances cell membrane permeability, thereby enabling the targeted intracellular accumulation of the chemotherapeutic agent. Case report: We report a case of a 68-year-old man with an ulcerated BCC, following his progress up to 14 months post-ECT treatment, with positive outcomes. Discussion and conclusions: We achieved a complete clinical response and noted an improvement in the patient's quality of life. This technique is fast, repeatable, requires minimal hospitalization, and reduces healthcare costs and adverse effects compared to major surgery. Therefore, it can be considered an alternative or complementary approach to traditional surgery for treating BCC of the head and neck.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-db7deb91b558", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Therapeutic Treatment Options for In-Transit Metastases from Melanoma", "authors": "Russano et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16173065", "pmid": "39272923", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "In-transit metastases (ITM) in melanoma present a significant therapeutic challenge due to their advanced stage and complex clinical nature. From traditional management with surgical resection, ITM treatment has evolved with the advent of systemic therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies, which have markedly improved survival outcomes. This study aims to review and highlight the efficacy of both systemic and locoregional treatment approaches for ITM. Methods include a comprehensive review of clinical studies examining the impact of treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, Isolated Limb Perfusion, and electrochemotherapy. The results indicate that combining systemic therapies with locoregional treatments enhances both local disease control and overall survival rates. The introduction of modern immunotherapies has not diminished the effectiveness of locoregional therapies but rather improved patient outcomes when used in conjunction. The conclusions emphasize that a multidisciplinary approach integrating systemic and locoregional therapies offers a promising strategy for optimizing the management of ITM in melanoma patients. This integrated treatment model not only improves survival rates but also enhances the quality of life for patients, suggesting a shift in standard care practices toward more comprehensive therapeutic regimens.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-22933af3baac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Calcium Electroporation versus Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin in an In Vivo CAM-Based Uveal Melanoma Xenograft Model", "authors": "Tsimpaki et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25020938", "pmid": "38256012", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Despite recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of uveal melanoma (UM), its metastatic rate remains high and is accompanied by a highly dismal prognosis, constituting an unmet need for the development of novel adjuvant therapeutic strategies. We established an in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)-based UM xenograft model from UPMD2 and UPMM3 cell lines to examine its feasibility for the improvement of selection of drug candidates. The efficacy of calcium electroporation (CaEP) with 5 or 10 mM calcium chloride (Ca) and electrochemotherapy (ECT) with 1 or 2.5 µg/mL bleomycin in comparison to monotherapy with the tested drug or electroporation (EP) alone was investigated on the generated UM tumors. CaEP and ECT showed a similar reduction of proliferation and melanocytic expansion with a dose-dependent effect for bleomycin, whereas CaEP induced a significant increase of the apoptosis and a reduction of vascularization with varying sensitivity for the two xenograft types. Our in vivo results suggest that CaEP and ECT may facilitate the adequate local tumor control and contribute to the preservation of the bulbus, potentially opening new horizons in the adjuvant treatment of advanced UM.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cd38b99e6f26", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Feasibility Study for the Use of Gene Electrotransfer and Cell Electrofusion as a Single-Step Technique for the Generation of Activated Cancer Cell Vaccines", "authors": "Ušaj", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-024-00320-5", "pmid": "39133276", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cell-based therapies hold great potential for cancer immunotherapy. This approach is based on manipulation of dendritic cells to activate immune system against specific cancer antigens. For the development of an effective cell vaccine platform, gene transfer, and cell fusion have been used for modification of dendritic or tumor cells to express immune (co)stimulatory signals and to load dendritic cells with tumor antigens. Both, gene transfer and cell fusion can be achieved by single technique, a cell membrane electroporation. The cell membrane exposed to external electric field becomes temporarily permeable, enabling introduction of genetic material, and also fusogenic, enabling the fusion of cells in the close contact. We tested the feasability of combining gene electrotransfer and electrofusion into a single-step technique and evaluated the effects of electroporation buffer, pulse parameters, and cell membrane fluidity for single or combined method of gene delivery or cell fusdion. We determined the percentage of fused cells expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) in a murine cell model of melanoma B16F1, cell line used in our previous studies. Our results suggest that gene electrotransfer and cell electrofusion can be applied in a single step. The percentage of viable hybrid cells expressing GFP depends on electric pulse parameters and the composition of the electroporation buffer. Furthermore, our results suggest that cell membrane fluidity is not related to the efficiency of the gene electrotransfer and electrofusion. The protocol is compatible with microfluidic devices, however further optimization of electric pulse parameters and buffers is still needed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-06530ac6d4", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:usaj", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5a3d77624d51", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Immune cell populations in the tumour environment following calcium electropora-tion for cutaneous metastasis: a histopathological study", "authors": "Vissing", "year": 2024, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.2340/1651-226x.2024.19462", "pmid": "38804839", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Background and purpose: Calcium electroporation (CaEP) involves injecting calcium into tumour tissues and using electrical pulses to create membrane pores that induce cell death. This study assesses resultant immune responses and histopathological changes in patients with cutaneous metastases. Patients/materials and methods: The aimed cohort comprised 24 patients with metastases exceeding 5 mm. Tumours were treated once with CaEP (day 0) or twice (day 28). Biopsies were performed on days 0 and 2, with additional samples on days 7, 28, 30, 35, 60, and 90 if multiple tumours were treated. The primary endpoint was the change in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) two days post-treatment, with secondary endpoints evaluating local and systemic immune responses via histopathological analysis of immune markers, necrosis, and inflammation. Results: Seventeen patients, with metastases primarily from breast cancer (14 patients), but also lung cancer (1), melanoma (1), and urothelial cancer (1), completed the study. Of the 49 lesions treated, no significant changes in TIL count or PD-L1 expression were observed. However, there was substantial necrosis and a decrease in FOXP3-expression (p = 0.0025) noted, with a slight increase in CD4+ cells but no changes in CD3, CD8, or CD20 expressions. Notably, four patients showed reduced tumour invasiveness, including one case of an abscopal response. Interpretation: This exploratory study indicates that CaEP can be an effective anti-tumour therapy potentially enhancing immunity. Significant necrosis and decreased regulatory lymphocytes were observed, although TIL count remained unchanged. Several patients exhibited clinical signs of immune response following treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-58a2953dc8b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The Long-Term Results of Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Patients with Locoregionally Advanced, Unresectable Melanoma", "authors": "Zdzienicki et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm13133705", "pmid": "38999271", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background/Objectives : Despite observing progress in recent years in the treatment of patients with advanced melanoma, the optimal management of locoregional recurrence has not been determined. Various methods are used to treat this group of patients. One of these methods is electrochemotherapy. The present study presents the distant results in treating patients with the locoregional recurrence of melanoma, using the technique of electrochemotherapy. Methods: This study includes a retrospective analysis of 88 patients' data with locoregional melanoma recurrence, treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT) between 2010 and 2023, in two reference centers. Results: Approximately 80% of patients responded to the ECT treatment, achieving partial or complete remission. In a multivariate analysis, statistically significant longer overall survival was found in the group of patients who achieved complete remission after ECT and were treated with immunotherapy. Discussion: The results may suggest the existence of synergy between ECT and immunotherapy. However, confirmation of this fact requires further prospective studies that will also establish the role of ECT in the combination treatment of patients with locoregional recurrence of melanoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cb1cfb63aebf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Reassessing lidocaine as an electroporation sensitizer in vitro", "authors": "Blažič et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-11695-3", "pmid": "40665133", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "High-intensity pulsed electric fields induce transient increase in membrane permeability, a phenomenon known as electroporation, with broad applications in medicine, including electrochemotherapy (ECT), gene electrotransfer and tissue ablation. As electroporation technologies become increasingly established in clinical practice, understanding how commonly used pharmacological agents influence treatment outcomes is gaining importance. Lidocaine, a widely used local anesthetic and ion channel modulator, has recently been investigated as a potential sensitizer to enhance the efficacy of electroporation. Here, we examined the effects of lidocaine on membrane permeabilization and cell viability using standard 8 × 100 µs ECT pulses across four cell lines: melanoma B16-F1, myoblast C2C12, CHO-K1 cells with low ion channel expression, and NS-HEK cells with stable Na v 1.5 expression. We show that 10 mM lidocaine has only modest effects on electroporation outcomes, while 35 mM considerably lowers the electric field threshold for irreversible electroporation by 25-40% in melanoma cells. However, concentrations of even 10 mM exceed those reported in tissues following local administration of lidocaine. This questions the clinical relevance of lidocaine's sensitization effect and warrants further investigation. Our study also highlights the importance of evaluating drug-electroporation interactions under rigorously controlled experimental conditions to ensure meaningful translation into clinical applications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f204301dcd5d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "A virus based vaccine combined with IL12 gene therapy eradicates aggressive melanoma", "authors": "Brišar", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-04026-z", "pmid": "40442309", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Our study introduces a novel bacteriophage-based vaccine strategy and evaluates its antitumor efficacy, both as a standalone therapy and in combination with gene electrotransfer (GET) of interleukin-12 (IL-12) plasmids. Using phage display technology, we produced engineered M13 bacteriophages expressing tumour…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-756e68f4da7a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Corrigendum to \"Treatment strategies with electrochemotherapy for limb in-transit melanoma: real-world outcomes from a European, retrospective, cohort study\" [Europ J Surg Oncol 51 (2025) 108740]", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2025.111158", "pmid": "41192016", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology 51 (2025) 111158 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect European Journal of Surgical Oncology journal homepage: www.ejso.com Corrigendum to “Treatment strategies with electrochemotherapy for limb in-transit melanoma: real-world outcomes from a European, retrospective, cohort study” [Europ J Surg Oncol 51 (2025) 108740] Luca G. Campana a,b,c,*, Francesca Tauceri d , Joana Bártolo e, Sarah Calabrese f, Joy Odili g , Giulia Carrara h , Victor Farricha e, Dario Piazzalunga h , Kriszta Bottyán i , Kamal Bisarya j , Matteo Mascherini k , James A.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-5ab041870208", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Effective gene immunotherapy for melanoma utilizing an advanced in vivo electrotransfer system", "authors": "Heller et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Mol Ther Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.omton.2025.201035", "pmid": "40933275", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent immune stimulator that induces the proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK) and T cells and the secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ. While IL-12 is an effective anti-cancer therapy, high concentrations may produce unwanted adverse effects or result in immune suppression. We previously demonstrated that intratumor delivery of a plasmid encoding IL-12 with gene electrotransfer (GET) induced local and systemic tumor control with no detected adverse effects. However, the shortcomings of standard GET are that high voltage is required and the lack of a delivery completion signal. We recently developed an improved system that overcomes these issues by incorporating sophisticated electrodes, mild heat application, and real time tissue impedance monitoring. In this study, we validated this advanced electrotransfer system. We compared the therapeutic efficacy of intratumor IL-12 GET in B16-f10 mouse melanomas delivered by standard and advanced technologies. Delivery with both standard and advanced electrotransfer reduced the tumor specific growth rate and increased survival. Our results demonstrated that therapeutic in vivo gene delivery can be achieved with a less intense pulse regimen.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9fc7832b636c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Antitumor Efficacy of Interleukin 12-Transfected Mesenchymal Stem Cells in B16-F10 Mouse Melanoma Tumor Model", "authors": "Kamenšek", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics17030278", "pmid": "40142942", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives : Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold the potential for tumor-targeted gene delivery due to their ex vivo manipulability, low immunogenicity, scalability, and inherent tumor-homing properties. Despite the widespread use of viral vectors for MSC genetic modification, safety concerns have prompted interest in non-viral alternatives, such as gene electrotransfer (GET). This study aimed to optimize GET parameters for MSCs transfection, assess MSCs biodistribution after in vivo administration, and evaluate the therapeutic potential of interleukin-12 (IL-12)-modified MSCs in a mouse melanoma model. Methods : Human MSCs were isolated from umbilical cords under ethically approved protocols. GET protocols were optimized using a fluorescent reporter gene to evaluate transfection efficiency and cell viability. MSC biodistribution was examined following intravenous and intratumoral injections in murine tumor models using luminescent reporter gene. The therapeutic efficacy of IL-12-modified MSCs was assessed in a syngeneic mouse melanoma model. Results : Optimized GET protocols achieved a transfection efficiency of 80% and a cell viability of 90%. Biodistribution studies demonstrated effective tumor retention of MSCs following intratumoral injections, whereas intravenous administration resulted in predominant cell localization in the lungs. IL-12-modified MSCs injected intratumorally significantly inhibited tumor growth, delaying tumor progression by five days compared to controls. Conclusions : Optimized GET conditions enabled high-efficiency, high-viability MSCs transfection, facilitating their use as effective vehicles for localized cytokine delivery. While the innate tumor tropism of MSCs was not conclusively demonstrated, the study highlights the potential of GET as a reliable non-viral gene delivery platform and underscores the therapeutic promise of IL-12-modified MSCs in tumor-targeted gene therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-056bf02128db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Efficient gene transfer by pulse parameters for electrochemotherapy of cells in vitro and in muscle and melanoma tumors in mice", "authors": "Omerzel et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0027", "pmid": "40256892", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: In recent years, various gene therapy strategies have been developed for cancer treatment. One of these strategies is electroporation-based delivery of therapeutic transgenes - gene electrotransfer (GET). Electrochemotherapy and GET have been combined in several contemporary preclinical and veterinary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d504a55b05d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "The Intricacy of Setting Up a Service to Bridge the Gap in Skin Malignancy Treatment for the Frail Population", "authors": "Perusseau-Lambert et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cureus", "doi": "10.7759/cureus.86853", "pmid": "40718222", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Skin malignancies such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma are increasingly prevalent in the UK, particularly among frail and elderly patients who are often unsuitable for surgical intervention due to comorbidities, anticoagulation, or impaired wound healing. This study describes the development and implementation of an outpatient electrochemotherapy (ECT) service designed to address this treatment gap. ECT combines local chemotherapy with electroporation to enhance drug uptake by tumour cells and is a minimally invasive, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)-approved technique that can be performed under local anaesthesia. A pilot study conducted between February 2022 and July 2024 demonstrated the clinical and economic benefits of this approach, with patients experiencing fewer complications, reduced wound care requirements, and faster recovery compared to conventional surgical excision. The service was established through close collaboration between plastic surgeons, oncologists, pharmacists, nurses, and administrative teams. Key components included the creation of streamlined workflows, simplified consent documentation, tailored patient information, and a structured care pathway. Challenges encountered during implementation, such as interdepartmental communication, pain management, and wound care education, were addressed through ongoing quality improvement efforts, including regular multidisciplinary meetings, clinical audits, and outcome tracking (patient-reported outcome measures).  Electrochemotherapy offers a safe, effective, and accessible alternative for the treatment of skin malignancies in frail patients. Despite the logistical and organisational challenges involved in its implementation, the service has shown clear benefits in terms of reduced morbidity, improved recovery, and patient satisfaction, supporting its potential for broader adoption across the National Health Service (NHS).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-266de818688d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Multiple Nonmelanoma Skin Tumors in Immunosuppressed Patients A Prospective", "authors": "Rózsa et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Dermatologic Therapy", "doi": "10.1155/dth/7037657", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Immunosuppressed patients face a significantly higher risk of developing malignant skin tumors compared to the general population, often presenting with numerous, rapidly growing, and aggressive lesions. It can be particularly challenging to treat these tumors, especially in the head and neck region. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) emerges as a viable option for treating multiple tumors simultaneously. This study aims to compare the efficacy, toxicity, and impacts on the quality of life of ECT of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) in immunosuppressed patients and nonimmunosuppressed patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 156 tumors (82 target lesions) in 14 immunosuppressed patients and 183 tumors (157 target lesions) in 30 nonimmunosuppressed patients were treated with ECT using intravenous bleomycin according to the European Standard Operating Procedures of ECT (ESOPE) guidelines. Patients were monitored for at least 6 months. A prospective cohort analysis was carried out to compare tumor response, side effects, and quality of life in the two groups. Results: 3 months after ECT, nonimmunosuppressed patients showed a significantly higher tumor response rate ( p = 0.001). After 6 months, a statistically significant difference was not observed between the two groups regarding tumor response. After 3 and 6 months, there was no difference in toxicity, pain, and EQ‐VAS values. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the effectiveness and safety of ECT for treating NMSCs in immunosuppressed patients seems to be comparable to the nonimmunosuppressed patients. The emphasis on prevention, adopting a multidisciplinary approach, and optimizing immunosuppression are crucial to improving the care and management of this patient cohort.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-08dd0c6f3899", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Metabolic Imaging in Electrochemotherapy: Insights from FDG-PET Analysis in Metastatic Melanoma-A Pilot Study", "authors": "Siegmund et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17162641", "pmid": "40867271", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background/Objectives : Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as a promising locoregional treatment modality for patients with cutaneous and subcutaneous melanoma metastases. While systemic therapies have improved overall disease control, effective local tumor management remains crucial, particularly in oligometastatic or symptomatic disease. This pilot study investigates the role of metabolic imaging with [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT to assess tumor metabolism in melanoma patients undergoing ECT, building on prior evidence that PET offers valuable functional information beyond anatomical changes detected by conventional imaging. Methods : This retrospective study included 11 patients with histologically confirmed melanoma and cutaneous or subcutaneous metastases treated with ECT. [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT scans were performed either before ECT, after ECT, or both. Metabolic response was assessed by measuring the tracer uptake (SUV max ) of the ten hottest lesions. Morphological changes were evaluated using CT. Local progression-free survival was determined. Results : A total of 66 lesions were analyzed. Patients with PET/CT only after ECT showed significantly higher SUV max and lesion size compared to those imaged before treatment (mean SUV max : 9.9 ± 11.2 vs. 10.3 ± 5.5; p = 0.034). Progression-free survival differed significantly based on pre-ECT SUV max values (χ 2 = 3.90; p = 0.048). Among two patients with follow-up imaging, one showed new lesions on CT with only mild FDG uptake, while the other developed newly FDG-avid metastases after ECT. Conclusions : FDG PET/CT provides valuable information on tumor viability and treatment response in melanoma patients undergoing ECT, demonstrated by significant differences in metabolic activity between lesions imaged before and after treatment. The lack of longitudinal intra-individual imaging limits definitive conclusions about the direct metabolic effects of ECT.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7f2cd94909ab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin, oxaliplatin, or cisplatin in mouse tumor models, from tumor ablation to in situ vaccination", "authors": "Uršič Valentinuzzi et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2025.1470432", "pmid": "40007542", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction: In addition to its direct cytotoxic effects, ablative therapies as electrochemotherapy (ECT) can elicit indirect antitumor effects by triggering immune system responses. Here, we comprehensively analyzed this dual effectiveness of intratumoral ECT with chemotherapeutic drugs bleomycin (BLM), oxaliplatin (OXA), and cisplatin (CDDP). Our aim was to determine if ECT can act as in situ vaccination and thereby induce an abscopal effect. By evaluating ECT's potential for in situ vaccination, our goal was to pave the way for future advancements for its combination with emerging (immuno)therapies, leading to enhanced responses and outcomes. Methods: We employed two mouse tumor models, the immunologically cold B16F10 melanoma and 4T1 mammary carcinoma, to explore both local and systemic (i.e., abscopal) antitumor effects following equieffective intratumoral ECT with BLM, OXA, and CDDP. Through histological analyses and the use of immunodeficient and metastatic (for abscopal effect) mouse models, we identified and compared both the cytotoxic and immunological components of ECT's antitumor efficiency, such as immunologically recognizable cell deaths (immunogenic cell death and necrosis) and immune infiltrate (CD11 + , CD4 + , CD8 + , GrB + ). Results: Differences in immunological involvement after equieffective intratumoral ECT were highlighted by variable kinetics of immunologically recognizable cell deaths and immune infiltrate across the studied tumor models. Particularly, the 4T1 tumor model exhibited a more pronounced involvement of the immune component compared to the B16F10 tumor model. Variances in the antitumor (immune) response were also detected based on the chemotherapeutic drug used in ECT. Collectively, ECT demonstrated effectiveness in inducing in situ vaccination in both tumor models; however, an abscopal effect was observed in the 4T1 tumor model only. Conclusions: This is the first preclinical study systematically comparing the immune involvement in intratumoral ECT's efficiency using three distinct chemotherapeutic drugs in mouse tumor models. The demonstrated variability in immune response to ECT across different tumor models and chemotherapeutic drugs provides a basis for future investigations aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of combined treatments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3c4ed0d7bdb3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Clinical Effectiveness and Safety of Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Melanoma: A Systematic Review", "authors": "Vickars et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cureus", "doi": "10.7759/cureus.98402", "pmid": "41346423", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a locoregional cancer treatment primarily used in the palliative management of cutaneous metastases from malignant melanoma. However, its clinical effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness in this setting are poorly defined. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the clinical effectiveness, safety, quality of life (QoL) outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of ECT in the treatment of locally advanced stage III/IV melanoma with in-transit metastasis or loco-regional recurrence. A literature search of MEDLINE and Embase from 2005 to 2024 was performed using the keywords \"electrochemotherapy\" and \"skin cancer\". After duplicate removal, 708 studies were identified, 107 English-language papers from 2020 to 2024 were screened, with 47 full texts reviewed. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for review. Data extraction and reporting adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. ECT achieved complete response (CR) rates of 24-85.7%, overall response rates (ORRs) of 63-100%, and one-year overall survival of 60.4-92.6%. ECT was well tolerated with minimal systemic toxicity and minor adverse effects. QoL was maintained post-treatment, and cost-effectiveness analysis suggested economic viability in particular patient cohorts. ECT demonstrated improved tumour control and survival outcomes when combined with systemic immunotherapy. ECT is a safe, well-tolerated, and clinically effective treatment for stage III/IV metastatic melanoma, providing a valuable alternative for patients unsuitable for surgery or systemic chemotherapy. Further prospective RCTs are needed to establish its long-term role in melanoma care.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f135a8d7cb4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Recurrence and/or Metastatic Skin Cancers: A Prospective Case Series in Iran", "authors": "YazdanParast et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338251338635", "pmid": "40350575", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy on the three common types of skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and melanoma.Methods26 patients with skin cancer were recruited from single cancer treatment centers from 2022 to 2024. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) was performed to treat the cancerous nodules; all nodules in a patient with multiple lesions were treated. However the biggest lesions were always pointed out (according to European Standard Operating Procedures on Electrochemotherapy protocol) and their clinical response and adverse effects were evaluated during the study.Resultstotally, 104 nodules of 26 patients were assessed. Clinical complete response was achieved in 53 lesions, while partial response was observed in 51 lesions after first month of treatment. The most common adverse effect was pain which was in 65% of cases.ConclusionBCC shows a notably higher clinical complete response rate. Because the research was conducted at a single center and given the novelty of this treatment in Iran, the number of patients included in the study was limited. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has shown significant clinical effectiveness for superficial tumors, especially for patients who have health issues related to standard therapies or who are resistant to conventional treatments. It is generally well-tolerated, with side effects predominantly consisting of temporary pain. Ongoing research aims to expand its use in deep-seated tumors that are resistant to conventional therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec86c1d2e3fb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Long-term Disease Control in Advanced Melanoma Using Electrochemotherapy and Systemic Therapy: A Case Report", "authors": "Kempa-Kamińska et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "EJC Skin Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcskn.2026.100855", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-91f6977616bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "<em>In Vivo</em> Fluorescent Melanoma Model: Electroporation Plus Electromagnetic Hyperthermia Significatively Reduces Tumor Size, Preliminary Results", "authors": "Molina-Pineda et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202604.0767.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Melanoma affects both sexes, and its incidence has increased in recent years. It is currently among the most common types of cancer. Standard chemotherapy, although effective, often lacks selectivity for tumor cells, resulting in dose-limiting side effects. Electrochemotherapy and electromagnetic hyperthermia have been investigated as innovative biomedical approaches. Electrochemotherapy improves drug delivery by facilitating electroporation, thereby increasing intracellular concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents and reducing associated adverse effects. Furthermore, electroporation enhances sensitivity to electromagnetic hyperthermia. However, few studies have focused on the combination of electroporation and hyperthermia in melanoma models. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of intratumoral administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), electroporation (EP), and electromagnetic hyperthermia (EHP) on fluorescent melanoma tumors generated with the MV3-GFP cell line. Methods: Fluorescent melanoma tumors were generated using the MV3-GFP cell line. Treatments included SPIONs alone, SPIONs combined with hyperthermia, and SPIONs combined with electroporation and hyperthermia. Tumor size was monitored over 21 and 28 days. Results: SPIONs alone did not affect tumor growth (665 mm³). SPIONs plus hyperthermia reduced tumor size to 126.5 mm³ at day 21. The combination of SPIONs, electroporation, and hyperthermia produced a pronounced antitumoral effect, with tumor size decreasing to 95.5 mm³ at day 14 and 6.8 mm³ at day 21, followed by complete tumor disappearance by day 28. Electroporation significantly enhanced the antitumoral activity of the combined treatment. Conclusions: The combination of SPIONs, electroporation, and electromagnetic hyperthermia shows significant synergistic antitumoral activity in a melanoma model. These findings support further investigation in larger and more comprehensive in vivo studies to better understand the therapeutic potential of these combined approaches.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dce1322640da", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of spontaneous mammary tumours in mice", "authors": "Belehradek et al", "year": 1991, "journal": "Eur J Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/0277-5379(91)90065-l", "pmid": "1707290", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy delivers external electric pulses to the tumour site to induce local potentiation of the antitumour activity of intramuscular injections of bleomycin. C3H/Bi mice with spontaneous mammary carcinomas received weekly injections of 50 micrograms bleomycin followed by electric pulses 30 min later. All…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4035652bbe5b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation-enhanced gene delivery in mammary tumors", "authors": "Wells et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/sj.gt.3301141", "pmid": "10819568", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation was applied to enhance gene transfer into subcutaneous MC2 murine breast tumors. Cultured MC2 cells were also transfected by electroporation or by cationic liposomes in the presence of serum using pSV-luc plasmids. Electroporation parameters and liposome formulation were optimized to achieve the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-398509e9c5b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin of cutaneous tumor lesions in breast cancer", "authors": "Rebersek et al", "year": 2004, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/01.cad.0000132234.30674.df", "pmid": "15205602", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "We have evaluated the efficiency of electrochemotherapy with cisplatin on cutaneous tumor lesions of breast cancer and have compared its efficiency with the efficiency of intratumoral (i.t.) administration of cisplatin alone. The study was performed on six breast cancer patients with 26 cutaneous lesions in whom all…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial", "Controlled Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8e93b5ea3344", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effective treatment of an extensive recurrent breast cancer which was refractory to multimodal therapy by multiple applications of electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Whelan et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.07.006", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The application of combined chemotherapy and cancer cell permeabilising electric pulses (electrochemotherapy) has been demonstrated here to be clinically effective in the treatment and control of extensive breast cancer. In this case study the application has proven to be successful in the palliative treatment of a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "onceki_tedavi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-90f3e0decdc7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "DNA immunization using constant-current electroporation affords long-term protection from autochthonous mammary carcinomas in cancer-prone transgenic mice", "authors": "Curcio et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Cancer Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/sj.cgt.7701106", "pmid": "17992201", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "A recently developed, adaptive constant-current electroporation technique was used to immunize mice with an intramuscular injection of plasmid coding for the extracellular and transmembrane domains of the product of the rat neu(664V-E) oncogene protein. In wild-type BALB/c mice, plasmid electroporation at lower…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b9018f3153d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combination therapy with short interfering RNA vectors against VEGF-C and VEGF-A suppresses lymph node and lung metastasis in a mouse immunocompetent mammary cancer model", "authors": "Shibata et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Cancer Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/cgt.2008.43", "pmid": "18654613", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Cancer metastasis contributes significantly to cancer mortality and is facilitated by lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and VEGF-A are involved in lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. To inhibit metastasis, combination therapy with vector-based small interfering RNA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-811bdc0d3458", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "5041 Electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment for chest wall recurrence of breast cancer – initial results", "authors": "Matthiessen et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "European Journal of Cancer Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/S1359-6349(09)70933-4", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ] }, { "id": "ref-2fc55c2810ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Therapeutic efficacy of a DNA vaccine targeting the endothelial tip cell antigen delta-like ligand 4 in mammary carcinoma", "authors": "Haller et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Oncogene", "doi": "10.1038/onc.2010.176", "pmid": "20498640", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The Notch ligand delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) is an essential component expressed by endothelial tip cells during angiogenic sprouting. We have described a conceptually novel therapeutic strategy for targeting tumor angiogenesis and endothelial tip cells based on DNA vaccination against DLL4. Immunization with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-32cfdcec3e60", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The endogenous soluble VEGF receptor-2 isoform suppresses lymph node metastasis in a mouse immunocompetent mammary cancer model", "authors": "Shibata", "year": 2010, "journal": "BMC Med", "doi": "10.1186/1741-7015-8-69", "pmid": "21047425", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Cancer metastasis contributes significantly to cancer mortality and is facilitated by lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. A new splicing variant, endogenous soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (esVEGFR-2) that we recently identified is an endogenous selective inhibitor of lymphangiogenesis. To evaluate the antimetastatic potential of esVEGFR-2, gene therapy with vector expressing esVEGFR-2 (pesVEGFR-2) or endostatin (pEndo) as a positive control was conducted on murine metastatic mammary cancer. Methods: Syngeneic inoculated metastatic mammary cancers received direct intratumoral injection of pesVEGFR-2, pEndo or pVec as control, once a week for six weeks. In vivo gene electrotransfer was performed on the tumors after each injection. Results: Deaths from metastasis were much lower in the pesVEGFR-2 and pEndo groups than in those of the pVec. Tumor volume was significantly lower in the pesVEGFR-2 and the pEndo groups throughout the study. Multiplicity of lymph node and lung metastatic nodules was significantly suppressed in the pesVEGFR-2 and pEndo groups. Moreover, the total number of overall metastasis including the other organs was also decreased in these groups. However, pesVEGFR-2 was not able to decrease the number of lungs, ovaries, kidneys and adrenals with metastasis as counted by unilateral or bilateral metastasis. The number of CD34+/Lyve-1⁻ blood microvessels was significantly decreased in the pEndo group, while the number of CD34⁻/Lyve-1+ lymphatic vessels was significantly decreased in the pesVEGFR-2 and pEndo groups. In addition, a significant reduction in the number of dilated lymphatic vessels containing intraluminal cancer cells was observed in the pesVEGFR-2 and pEndo groups. Levels of apoptosis were significantly increased in the pEndo group, whereas the rates of cell proliferation were significantly decreased in the pesVEGFR-2 and pEndo groups. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that esVEGFR-2 can inhibit mainly lymph node metastasis. The antimetastatic activity of esVEGFR-2 may be of high clinical significance in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer because lymph node involvement is a most important prognostic factor in cancer patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7e6c94cf9964", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Influence of Electroporation on in Vitro Photodynamic Therapy of Human Breast Carcinoma Cells", "authors": "Kulbacka et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Folia Biol (Praha)", "doi": "10.14712/fb2011057030112", "pmid": "21888834", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Phototoxicity of drugs used in cancer photodynamic therapy could be augmented by increased accumulation of a photosensitizer in target cells. The intracellular delivery mode that enhances drug transportation could facilitate therapy by reducing the exposure time. Doses of the administered drug and related side effects could be lowered, whilst maintaining the same therapeutic efficiency. Electroporation supports transport of many drugs by creating electric field-induced transient nanopores in the plasma membrane. In this study, the electroporation- assisted transport of a photosensitizer was tested in vitro in human breast carcinoma cell lines: wild-type (MCF-7/WT) and doxorubicin-resistant (MCF-7/DOX). The efficacy of photodynamic therapy alone and in combination with electroporation was evaluated by cell viability with MTT test, using a haematoporphyrin derivative as a model. The data presented show up to 10-fold greater efficacy of the combined method, with very significantly reduced drug exposure times.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-383ba7609ee7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of cutaneous metastastes from breast cancer in elderly patients: a preliminary report", "authors": "Benevento et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "BMC Surg", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2482-12-s1-s6", "pmid": "23173816", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: The management of cutaneous metastases often represents a challenge because they may be widespread and may recur after radiotherapy or chemotherapy; breast cancer accounts for 51% of the total cases of cutaneous metastases. When surgical excision of chest wall recurrences is not possible and other local treatments such as radiotherapy or radiotherapy with hyperthermia fail, topical chemotherapy and electrochemotherapy (ECT) might be taken into account.ECT is a new local treatment of solid tumors which can be defined as the local potentiation, by means of permeabilizing electric pulses, of the antitumor activity of a non permeating anticancer drug with high intrinsic cytotoxicity. Methods: This prospective observational study took place throughout March 2010 to October 2011. Twelve consecutive elderly patients (1 man and 11 women, median age of 76 years) with regional or distant skin or subcutaneous metastases from breast cancer, with or without visceral disease, were included in the study. Patient enrollment was carried out according to the ESOPE criteria. Bleomycin administration was followed by the application of brief electric pulses to each tumor nodule within 8 min after intravenous infusion of the drug. Electric currents were delivered by means of a 2-3 cm long needle electrode according to lesion size. All treatments were performed using the CliniporatorTM device. Results: We observed Complete Response(CR) in 75.3% (107 metastases), Partial Response(PR) in 17% (24 metastases), no change in 7.7% (11 metastases) . No serious ECT-related adverse events were reported; adverse events consisted of pain in the treated area one to two days after treatment (1 patient, 8.3%) and ulceration of treated area (1 patient, 8.3%). Conclusion: ECT could be suggested as a primary local therapy in patients not suitable for surgical removal of the primary tumor, and clinicians should not hesitate to use it even in the elderly.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d20aa889c440", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Neoadjuvant electochemotherapy for breast cancer. The first case to be treated in Italy: Results after 25 months of follow-up", "authors": "Cabula", "year": 2012, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2012.07.090", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a new palliative treatment for cutaneous metastases, involves the delivery of electrical pulses to lesions several minutes after intravenous or intratumor injection of a chemotherapeutic agent (bleomycin or cisplatin) to facilitate intracellular drug delivery. The local effect of bleomycin is increased by more than 1000fold. ECT uses low doses of systemic chemotherapeutic agents: it is very specific for tumor cells and spares the surrounding normal tissue, with an excellent safety profile. Methods: Thirty-seven patients underwent ECT with palliative intent for cutaneous metastases from melanoma, breast cancer carcinoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, basal and squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma and cutaneous angiosarcoma. Metastases were located in the trunk, limbs and head and neck areas. The patients were grouped according to whether the metastases were <2 cm (15 patients) or >2 cm (22 patients).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-25939399af58", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Neoadjuvant electrochemotherapy of breast cancer our experience on first case treated in Italy", "authors": "Cabula", "year": 2012, "journal": "Updates Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s13304-012-0170-3", "pmid": "22886574", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Neoadjuvant electrochemotherapy of breast cancer: our experience on first case treated in Italy Carlo Cabula Received: 29 December 2010 / Accepted: 17 July 2012 / Published online: 12 August 2012 Ó Springer-Verlag 2012 Introduction Experimental studies on guinea pigs and humans have shown that the electric pulses allow the opening of suitable pores which increase the drug’s intracellular access. Chemotherapy absorption following electroporation is better than intravenous drug administration. Until now electrochemotherapy has been used as a palliative remedy in cases of subcutaneous recurrences of melanoma and mammary carcinoma. This is the first case in Italy of primary mammary tumour treated by electrochemotherapy. Case report In 2008, the patient P.A., 68 years old, presented an infiltrating lobular carcinoma on the left breast with extensive cutaneous involvement, presence of vasal embolism, G2pT4pN1 3LN?; RE 85 %, RPg absent, Ki 1 %, Her?-. Vertebral bone metastasis was present.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-d738158cd087", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The activity and safety of electrochemotherapy in persistent chest wall recurrence from breast cancer after mastectomy: a phase-II study", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Breast Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1007/s10549-012-2095-4", "pmid": "22821399", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) represents an attractive locoregional therapy for unresectable chest wall recurrence (CWR) from breast cancer. Thirty-five patients with cutaneous CWR after mastectomy who experienced progression despite re-irradiation and extensive systemic treatments were administered bleomycin-based ECT…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-30da7754f40d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for large cutaneous recurrence of breast cancer A phase II clinical trial", "authors": "Matthiessen et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.3109/0284186x.2012.685524", "pmid": "22731832", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous recurrences of breast cancer may cause considerable discomfort due to ulceration, oozing, and pain and can also be difficult to treat. Electrochemotherapy is a localised anticancer treatment using electric pulses to make cell membranes permeable, augmenting uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-501d5759b632", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multiple effects of electroporation on the adhesive behaviour of breast cancer cells and fibroblasts", "authors": "Pehlivanova et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cancer Cell Int", "doi": "10.1186/1475-2867-12-9", "pmid": "22439612", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Recently electroporation using biphasic pulses was successfully applied in clinical developments for treating tumours in humans and animals. We evaluated the effects of electrical treatment on cell adhesion behaviour of breast cancer cells and fibroblasts. By applying bipolar electrical pulses we studied short- and long-lived effects on cell adhesion and survival, actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion contacts in adherent cancer cells and fibroblasts. Methods: Two cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and one fibroblast cell line 3T3 were used. Cells were exposed to high field intensity (200 - 1000 V/cm). Cell adhesion and survival after electrical exposure were studied by crystal violet assay and MTS assay. Cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell adhesion contacts were visualized by actin staining and fluorescent microscope. Results: The degree of electropermeabilization of the adherent cells elevated steadily with the increasing of the field intensity. Adhesion behaviour of fibroblasts and MCF-7 was not significantly affected by electrotreatment. Interestingly, treating the loosely adhesive cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 with 200 V/cm and 500 V/cm resulted in increased cell adhesion. Cell replication of both studied cancer cell lines was disturbed after electropermeabilization. Electroporation influenced the actin cytoskeleton in cancer cells and fibroblasts in different ways. Since it disturbed temporarily the actin cytoskeleton in 3T3 cells, in cancer cells treated with lower and middle field intensity actin cytoskeleton was well presented in stress fibers, filopodia and lamellipodia. The electrotreatment for cancer cells provoked preferentially cell-cell adhesion contacts for MCF-7 and cell-ECM contacts for MDA-MB- 231. Conclusions: Cell adhesion and survival as well as the type of cell adhesion (cell-ECM or cell-cell adhesion) induced by the electroporation process is cell specific. The application of suitable electric pulses can provoke changes in the cytoskeleton organization and cell adhesiveness, which could contribute to the restriction of tumour invasion and thus leads to the amplification of anti-tumour effect of electroporation-based tumour therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-01cb0ded5960", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The antitumor efficiency of combined electrochemotherapy and single dose irradiation on a breast cancer tumor model", "authors": "Raeisi et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-012-0035-x", "pmid": "23077461", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with cisplatin combined with suboptimal radiotherapy doses. Tumor radiosensitization was evaluated on large invasive ductal carcinoma tumors in Balb/C mice. Materials and methods: Tumors of an average volume of 630…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a0ef82829bd1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "EP-1568 RADIOSENSITIZING EFFECT OF ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY IN FRACTIONATED RADIATION REGIME IN MURINE TUMOR MODELS", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiotherapy and Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/S0167-8140(12)71901-1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti EP-1568; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-9c5690faa307", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of chest wall breast cancer recurrence", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cancer Treat Rev", "doi": "10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.07.006", "pmid": "21856080", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Chest wall breast cancer recurrence after mastectomy is a disease difficult to treat. Its incidence varies between 5% and 30% in different subset of patients. When possible, radical surgical therapy represents the main treatment approach, however when the disease progresses and/or treatments are not successful…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ddbf398ad8fa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy an active treatment for chest wall metastases from breast cancer", "authors": "Zheng et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Gland Surg", "doi": "10.3978/j.issn.2227-684X.2012.11.02", "pmid": "25083446", "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Luca G. Campana, MD, PhD, Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, Veneto Region Oncology Research Institute (IOVIRCCS) (Figure 1).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-bd3a9c7dac3c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Chest wall control after electrochemotherapy in elderly patients with locoregional recurrence from breast cancer after mastectomy", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2013.01.059", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-3666f1c29307", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Effect of ELF Magnetic Field on Tumor Growth after Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mahna et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-013-9605-0", "pmid": "24186355", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "From a fundamental point of view, chemotherapy is the most widely used treatment for cancers despite its side effects on normal cells and tissues. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a method for increasing the permeability of cancer cells to drugs and, hence, decreasing their dosage. It apparently creates electropores on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c49aaaf7a2e6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Cyanines in photodynamic reaction assisted by reversible electroporation--in vitro study on human breast carcinoma cells", "authors": "Wezgowiec et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther", "doi": "10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.04.004", "pmid": "24284102", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Ineffective drug delivery is a vast problem of anticancer therapies. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of enhancement of cyanines transport through the cell membrane by electroporation and to evaluate a photodynamic activity of these compounds. Methods: We evaluated in vitro the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-534eccfbceff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Bleomycin electrochemotherapy in elderly metastatic breast cancer patients: clinical outcome and management considerations", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Cancer Res Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s00432-014-1691-6", "pmid": "24793549", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in elderly metastatic breast cancer (BC) patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 55 patients with superficial metastases who underwent ECT according to the European Standard Operative Procedures of electrochemotherapy. Treatment schedule…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-39107b89f65f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Breast Cancer A Review of References", "authors": "Schmidt et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd", "doi": "10.1055/s-0034-1368538", "pmid": "24976637", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new method for the local treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases. If surgery and/or radiotherapy are no longer possible, this innovative technology can be used effectively for local tumour control. The minor side effects of the therapy and the low intraoperative duration of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-49f2776737d3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Angiosarcoma of the breast a new therapeutic approach", "authors": "Benevento et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Int J Surg Case Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.06.004", "pmid": "26092711", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Angiosarcomas are highly malignant endothelial cell tumors with poor prognosis. These can be due to breast cancer itself or to subsequent therapeutic modalities. No evidence-based guidelines exist concerning the ideal treatment of angiosarcomas. Presentation of the case: We report the case of a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-45105a61cfa1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Cutaneous Metastases from Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Cohort Analysis", "authors": "Cabula et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-015-4779-6", "pmid": "26242370", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: The management of breast cancer (BC) skin metastases represents a therapeutic challenge. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines the administration of bleomycin with temporary permeabilization induced by locally administered electric pulses. Preliminary experience with ECT in BC patients is encouraging. Methods: A total of 125 patients with BC skin metastases who underwent ECT between 2010 and 2013 were enrolled onto a multicenter retrospective cohort study. The treatment was administered following the European Standard Operative Procedures of Electrochemotherapy. Tumor response was clinically assessed adapting the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, and toxicity was evaluated according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 4.0. Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors. Results: Response was evaluable in 113 patients for 214 tumors (median 1 per patient, range 1-3). The overall response rate after 2 months was 90.2 %, while the complete response (CR) rate was 58.4 %. In multivariate analysis, small tumor size (P < 0.001), absence of visceral metastases (P = 0.001), estrogen receptor positivity (P = 0.016), and low Ki-67 index (P = 0.024) were significantly associated with CR. In the first 48 h, 10.4 % of patients reported severe skin pain. Dermatologic toxicity included grade 3 skin ulceration (8.0 %) and grade 2 skin hyperpigmentation (8.8 %). Tumor 1-year local progression-free survival was 86.2 % (95 % confidence interval 79.3-93.8) and 96.4 % (95 % confidence interval 91.6-100) in the subgroup of those with CR. Conclusions: In this study, small tumor size, absence of visceral metastases, estrogen receptor positivity, and low Ki-67 index were predictors of CR after ECT. Patients who experienced CR had durable local control. ECT represents a valuable skin-directed therapy for selected patients with BC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-bb498b3f9b", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:2", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-852dedfdbe25", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Modeling the positioning of single needle electrodes for the treatment of breast cancer in a clinical case", "authors": "Denzi et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-14-s3-s1", "pmid": "26355703", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide and is the second most common cause of cancer death in women. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) used in early-phase clinical trials for the treatment of primary breast cancer resulted in a not complete tumor necrosis in most cases. The present study was undertaken to analyze the feasibility to use ECT to treat patients with histologically proven unifocal ductal breast cancer. In particular, results of ECT treatment in a clinical case are compared with the ones of a simplified 3D dosimetric model. Methods: This clinical study was conducted with the pulse generator Cliniporator Vitae (IGEA, Carpi, Italy). ECT procedures were performed according to ESOPE standard operating procedures. Five single needle electrodes were used with one positioned in the center of the tumor, and the other four distributed around the nodule. Histological images of the resected tumor are compared with the maps of the electric field obtained with a simplified 3D model in Comsol Multiphysics v 4.3. Results: The results of the clinical case demonstrated a reduced efficacy of the ECT treatment described. The proposed simple numerical model of the breast tumor located in a low conductive tissue suggests that this is due to the reduced electric field induced inside the tumor with such 5 electrodes placement. However, where the electric field is predicted higher than the reversible electroporation threshold (E>400 V/cm), also the histological images confirm the necrosis of the target with a good agreement between the modeled and clinical results. Conclusions: The results suggest the dependence of the effectiveness of the treatment on the careful placement of the electrodes. A detailed planned procedure for the tumor analysis after the treatment is also needed in order to better correlate the single electrode positions and the histological images. Simulation models could be used to identify better electrodes configuration in planning the experimental protocol for ECT treatment of breast tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6d54a76a8243", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy makes resectable from unresectable and pain reduction in chest wall recurrence breast cancer of two patients", "authors": "Kalavathy et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "JCPCR", "doi": "10.15406/jcpcr.2015.03.00074", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local cancer treatment modality where the intracellular accumulation of a chemotherapeutic agent is enhanced in the presence of an electrical field by the phenomenon known as electroporation (EP). If surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are no longer possible, this innovative…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3e8ccb888b7a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Treatment of Cutaneous Metastases from Breast Cancer", "authors": "Mercantini et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "The American Surgeon™", "doi": "10.1177/000313481508100514", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-d7f789f4b7b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Gene Electrotransfer of Plasmid with Tissue Specific Promoter Encoding shRNA against Endoglin Exerts Antitumor Efficacy against Murine TS/A Tumors by Vascular Targeted Effects", "authors": "Stimac", "year": 2015, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0124913", "pmid": "25909447", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Vascular targeted therapies, targeting specific endothelial cell markers, are promising approaches for the treatment of cancer. One of the targets is endoglin, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) co-receptor, which mediates proliferation, differentiation and migration of endothelial cells forming neovasculature. However, its specific, safe and long-lasting targeting remains the challenge. Therefore, in our study we evaluated the transfection efficacy, vascular targeted effects and therapeutic potential of the plasmid silencing endoglin with the tissue specific promoter, specific for endothelial cells marker endothelin-1 (ET) (TS plasmid), in comparison to the plasmid with constitutive promoter (CON plasmid), in vitro and in vivo. Tissue specificity of TS plasmid was demonstrated in vitro on several cell lines, and its antiangiogenic efficacy was demonstrated by reducing tube formation of 2H11 endothelial cells. In vivo, on a murine mammary TS/A tumor model, we demonstrated good antitumor effect of gene electrotransfer (GET) of either of both plasmids in treatment of smaller tumors still in avascular phase of growth, as well as on bigger tumors, already well vascularized. In support to the observations on predominantly vascular targeted effects of endoglin, histological analysis has demonstrated an increase in necrosis and a decrease in the number of blood vessels in therapeutic groups. A significant antitumor effect was observed in tumors in avascular and vascular phase of growth, possibly due to both, the antiangiogenic and the vascular disrupting effect. Furthermore, the study indicates on the potential use of TS plasmid in cancer gene therapy since the same efficacy as of CON plasmid was determined.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2ca7ed1028b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combination Electrochemotherapy Another Solution for Triple Negative Breast Cancers", "authors": "Sundararajan", "year": 2015, "journal": "JCPCR", "doi": "10.15406/jcpcr.2015.03.00099", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has poor prognosis. This is due to lack of estrogen, progesterone and HER-2 receptors. About 15% of all breast cancers are TNBC. This year in the US alone, over 10000 will die due to TNBC. It is more aggressive than other breast cancers and has fewer treatment options because…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-048299479c4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for skin metastases in advanced breast cancer: Experience from the London Cancer Network", "authors": "Banerjee et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2016.02.040", "pmid": null, "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-b6eba8ab40c8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for breast cancer - results from the INSPECT database", "authors": "Matthiessen et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Annals of Oncology", "doi": "10.1093/annonc/mdw365.55", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Cutaneous recurrence from breast cancer can pose a clinical challenge. It may be the only disease site, or be part of disseminated disease, and often profoundly impacts quality of life. Electrochemotherapy is a palliative treatment for cutaneous metastases. Using electric pulses to locally permeabilize tumor cells, bleomycin cytotoxicity is significantly increased. Collaborating in the International Network for sharing Practice on ElectroChemoTherapy (INSPECT), we consecutively and prospectively accrued data on patients treated with electrochemotherapy for skin metastases of breast cancer. Methods: Patients with cutaneous metastases were treated with electrochemotherapy at 10 European centers. Treatment data and results were entered into the INSPECT database. Patients were treated with either local injection (1000 IU/ml intratumoral injection) or systemic infusion (15.000 IU/m2) of bleomycin, and under either local or general anesthesia, depending on tumor size.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-2a3f01316a", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:matthiessen", "yil-farki:2", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-85199356bac8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Multidisciplinary approach to breast angiosarcoma in an elderly patient: Repeated local relapses and significant objective responses", "authors": "Mocerino et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol", "doi": "10.1177/0394632015626424", "pmid": "26872968", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Angiosarcomas are malignant tumors of endovascular origin, which may be divided into primary and secondary forms. Secondary breast angiosarcomas are an increasing problem, especially in patients treated with breast-conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy.We report a case of radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a207deb9cb23", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Massive, Multisite Breast Cancer Metastasis to the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue: A Case Report", "authors": "Wichtowski et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Breast Care (Basel)", "doi": "10.1159/000450869", "pmid": "27920629", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Chest wall recurrence (CWR) from breast cancer after mastectomy is a difficult to treat disease. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) provides a safe, efficient, and non-invasive locoregional treatment approach in this setting. Case report: A 61-year-old woman presented with unresectable breast cancer recurrence to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ee36de75cfc8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Gisel Study Group Proposal: A Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial in Breast Cancer Patients with Skin Metastases Treated with or without Electrochemotherapy (ECT) during the First Line of Treatment", "authors": "Agresti et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "The Breast", "doi": "10.1016/S0960-9776(17)30732-4", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "The multicentre cohort analysis conducted by GISEL (Italian Senological Group for Electrochemotherapy) confirmed that Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has high antitumor activity (> 90% ORR) on skin metastases of breast cancer. Findings are consistent previous studies. ECT showed a significant higher efficacy, i.e. %CR, in the treatment of small (<3 cm), non-ulcerated lesions, without visceral metastases. Moreover, ECT showed a significant better performance in estrogen receptors positive, low-proliferating tumours. ECT showed a low toxicity and good acceptance by all treated patients. Patients who achieved complete response experienced a durable locoregional control on superficial metastases. Phase II international multicentre randomized clinical trial: The study is a comparison between different therapeutic strategies in skin metastases from LUM-A-like and LUM-B-like breast.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ] }, { "id": "ref-aba554768aca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Breast Cancer", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_126", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Skin metastases occur more commonly in breast cancer (BC) than in any other malignancy in women, exceeding 20% of all cutaneous metastases. They most commonly present on the chest wall (CW), but the abdomen, back, scalp, and upper extremities also are sites of occurrence. Presentation may be ambiguous; nevertheless…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-037508a99a09", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of cutaneous metastases of breast cancer with electrochemotherapy: what is the magnitude of clinical benefit?", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Breast Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1007/s10549-017-4186-8", "pmid": "28275921", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Breast Cancer Res Treat (2017) 163:403–405 DOI 10.1007/s10549-017-4187-7 REBUTTAL LETTER Effective treatment of intractable cutaneous metastases of breast cancer with electrochemotherapy: a useful contributor to cutaneous disease control M. Bourke1 • D. Soden1 • A. J. P. Clover1,2 Received: 3 February 2017 / Accepted: 2 March 2017 / Published online: 17 March 2017 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017 Dear Sir, We wish to thank Campagna et al. for their considered appraisal of our work [1] and their insights regarding the role that Electrochemotherapy (ECT) plays in the treatment of cutaneous metastasis of breast cancer. It is very encouraging to see broader support for the adjunctive role that this treatment can play maintaining quality of life in those with cutaneous metastasis [2]. We acknowledge that this was a retrospective study, encompassing the initial patients treated with ECT at our unit from 2002 onwards.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-a65b09c2f6da", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy - Supplementary Treatment for Loco-regional Metastasized Breast Carcinoma Administered to Concomitant Systemic Therapy", "authors": "Grischke et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2017-0027", "pmid": "28959168", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an established procedure for treating breast cancer loco-regional recurrences following surgical intervention and/or radiotherapy. Limited information is available on ECT application as a concomitant procedure to systemic therapy in recurrent breast cancer. The primary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-13cf96fc8f33", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous metastases from breast cancer: a multicenter cohort analysis", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Annals of Oncology", "doi": "10.1093/annonc/mdx424.055", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-bb498b3f9b", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:2", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-9cbf6d829503", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Surgery and electrochemotherapy treatment of incompletely excised mammary carcinoma in two male pet rats (Rattus norvegicus)", "authors": "Lanza et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Vet Med Sci", "doi": "10.1292/jvms.16-0578", "pmid": "28216544", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Two male rats (Rattus norvegicus; 18 and 24 months old), were referred for treatment of large masses located in the axillary area. Following total body radiography and hematological and serum biochemical analysis, the rats were anesthetized, and the masses were surgically removed. Both lesions were diagnosed as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f114a8800ec0", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effective Treatment of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Low Voltage High-Frequency Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mofid et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Acta Med Iran", "doi": null, "pmid": "28532140", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new local treatment method for solid and superficial tumors. During this new technique, patients experience an unpleasant sensation and slight edema. Most unpleasant and painful is mainly attributed to muscle contractions provoked by high amplitude and low repetition frequency pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7703fd4c4ce0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Breast Cancer - Discussion of the Method and Literature Review", "authors": "Wichtowski et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Breast Care (Basel)", "doi": "10.1159/000479954", "pmid": "29456474", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Breast cancer is the most common cause of skin metastases in women. The probability of their occurrence ranges from about 5% in the entire population to as much as 30% in the late stages of the disease. Although rarely life-threatening, they have a major impact on the quality of life of patients with this diagnosis…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-20385e7fc4e3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Breast Cancer-Results From the INSPECT Database", "authors": "Matthiessen et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Clin Breast Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.clbc.2018.03.007", "pmid": "29673795", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous recurrence from breast cancer can pose a clinical challenge. It might be the only disease site, or could be part of disseminated disease, and often profoundly affects quality of life. Electrochemotherapy is a palliative treatment using electric pulses to locally permeabilize tumor cells and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-2a3f01316a", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:matthiessen", "yil-farki:2", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-411d859cbd99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intravital Monitoring of Vasculature After Targeted Gene Therapy Alone or Combined With Tumor Irradiation", "authors": "Savarin", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818784208", "pmid": "29969947", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Vascular-targeted therapies exhibit radiosensitizing effects by remodeling tumor vasculature, thus facilitating the increased oxygenation of the remaining tumor tissue. To examine these phenomena, the effects of antiendoglin gene therapy alone and in combination with irradiation were monitored for 5 consecutive days…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6a3e8827d775", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Computational Feasibility Analysis of Electrochemotherapy With Novel Needle-Electrode Arrays for the Treatment of Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma", "authors": "Vera-Tizatl et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818794939", "pmid": "30157721", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Breast cancer represents a rising problem concerning public health worldwide. Current efforts are aimed to the development of new minimally invasive and conservative treatment procedures for this disease. A treatment approach for invasive breast ductal carcinoma could be based on electroporation. Hence, in order to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c8eeaa24d0ce", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer Metastasis to the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue - Multicenter Experience", "authors": "Wichtowski et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Oncol Res Treat", "doi": "10.1159/000494093", "pmid": "30537762", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Breast cancer is responsible for more than 50% of cutaneous metastases. One of the treatment options is electrochemotherapy (ECT). It is an effective method of local tumor ablation through the application of electroporation. The primary objective of the study was to demonstrate a response to the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eb95014e329b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Hybrid analytical-numerical approach for investigation of differential effects in normal and cancer cells under electroporation", "authors": "Aslam et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "RSC Adv", "doi": "10.1039/c9ra07428g", "pmid": "35541630", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation has offered important biomedical applications in electrochemotherapy, tissue ablation and gene editing recently. Time and computation efficient analytical and numerical models should be developed to understand the differential effects of electroporation on normal and cancer cells. In this work, we…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d4515010ad24", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ultrasound-guided electrochemotherapy for the treatment of skin metastases of breast cancer: a winning combination of techniques", "authors": "Di Meo et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol", "doi": "10.1111/jdv.15753", "pmid": "31222807", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "N/A", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-bd14bdf9be14", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium electroporation and electrochemotherapy for cancer treatment: Importance of cell membrane composition investigated by lipidomics, calorimetry and in vitro efficacy", "authors": "Hoejholt et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-41188-z", "pmid": "30894594", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation is a novel anti-cancer treatment investigated in clinical trials. We explored cell sensitivity to calcium electroporation and electroporation with bleomycin, using viability assays at different time and temperature points, as well as heat calorimetry, lipidomics, and flow cytometry. Three cell lines: HT29 (colon cancer), MDA-MB231 (breast cancer), and HDF-n (normal fibroblasts) were investigated for; (a) cell survival dependent on time of addition of drug relative to electroporation (1.2 kV/cm, 8 pulses, 99 µs, 1 Hz), at different temperatures (37 °C, 27 °C, 17 °C); (b) heat capacity profiles obtained by differential scanning calorimetry without added calcium; (c) lipid composition by mass spectrometry; (d) phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane outer leaflet using flow cytometry. Temperature as well as time of drug administration affected treatment efficacy in HT29 and HDF-n cells, but not MDA-MB231 cells. Interestingly the HT29 cell line displayed a higher phase transition temperature (approximately 20 °C) versus 14 °C (HDF-n) and 15 °C (MDA-MB231). Furthermore the HT29 cell membranes had a higher ratio of ethers to esters, and a higher expression of phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet. In conclusion, lipid composition and heat capacity of the membrane might influence permeabilisation of cells and thereby the effect of calcium electroporation and electrochemotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-089dba6a8d17", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Author Correction: Quantitative proteomic analysis of enhanced cellular effects of electrochemotherapy with Cisplatin in triple-negative breast cancer cells", "authors": "Mittal et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-55880-7", "pmid": "31819154", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9ff80cd11178", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Quantitative proteomic analysis of enhanced cellular effects of electrochemotherapy with Cisplatin in triple-negative breast cancer cells", "authors": "Mittal et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-50048-9", "pmid": "31558821", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Due to the lack of the three main receptors, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is refractive to standard chemotherapy. Hence, alternate therapies are needed. TNBCs utilize glycolysis, which heightens their growth, proliferation, invasiveness, chemotherapeutic resistance and poor therapeutic response. This calls for novel therapeutic strategies to target these metabolic vulnerabilities present in TNBC. Electroporation-mediated chemotherapy, known as electrochemotherapy (ECT) is gaining momentum as an attractive alternative. However, its molecular mechanisms need better understanding. Towards this, label-free quantitative proteomics is utilized to gain insight into the anticancer mechanisms of ECT using electrical pulses (EP) and Cisplatin (CsP) on MDA-MB-231, human TNBC cells. The results indicate that EP + CsP significantly downregulated 14 key glycolysis proteins (including ENO1, LDHA, LDHB, ACSS2, ALDOA, and PGK1), compared to CsP alone. EP + CsP caused a switch in the metabolism with upregulation of 34 oxidative phosphorylation pathway proteins and 18 tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle proteins compared to CsP alone, accompanied by the upregulation of proteins linked to several metabolic reactions, which produce TCA cycle intermediates. Moreover, EP + CsP promoted multiple pathways to cause 1.3-fold increase in the reactive oxygen species concentration and induced apoptosis. The proteomics results correlate well with cell viability, western blot, and qPCR data. While some effects were similar for EP, more comprehensive and long-lasting effects were observed for EP + CsP, which demonstrate the potential of EP + CsP against TNBC cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9e77ccce6840", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Radiotherapy-associated angiosarcoma in the breast reconstructed by autologous free-flap and treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Cencelj-Arnez et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2020-0074", "pmid": "33885245", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Radiotherapy-associated angiosarcoma (RAA) of the breast is a rare complication of radiotherapy, which is often difficult to identify and has poor prognosis. It usually presents as violaceous skin, erythema or rapidly growing palpable firm mass that can be confused with other benign skin lesions. Patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7eb646523c33", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Debulking mastectomy with electrochemotherapy: a case report of no surgery approach to recurrent breast cancer", "authors": "Esposito et al", "year": 2020, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-40425/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background Electrochemotherapy has been shown to be safe, effective and non-invasive loco-regional treatment for chest wall breast cancer recurrence. Electrochemotherapy is the gold standard treatment of patients with cutaneous metastases from breast cancer who due to the extent of those lesions are not eligible for resection or radiotherapy has already been used, and systemic therapy is ineffective or contraindicated. Case presentation Here we present the case of a women affected by multiple metastatic cancers with multi-drug resistance who refused mastectomy after being diagnosed with recurrent ulcerated right breast cancer. We first describe an extended indication to electrochemotherapy to treat breast cancer recurrence after breast conserving surgery. Electroporation-induced necrosis through electrochemotherapy replaced surgery and was delivered in 30 minutes at 5000 Hz frequencies at 730 V by hexagonal needle under general anesthesia. The necrosis of the remaining breast resulted in a voluminous eschar that was easily removed few months after leaving the chest wall free from macroscopic disease turning in a non-surgical mastectomy. Conclusions. This kind of breakthrough application of electrochemotherapy might be considered to avoid palliative mastectomy in very selected patients. New technologies may help clinicians to find agreement between patient’ will and the burden of treatment and might contribute in selected cases to give options to patients not keen on having surgery.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-8a6308ac2b", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:esposito", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-7eb646523c33" }, { "id": "ref-3f526f56dd60", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of skin metastases from breast cancer a systematic review", "authors": "Ferioli et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Clin Exp Metastasis", "doi": "10.1007/s10585-020-10063-x", "pmid": "33180222", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Skin metastases occur in 5-30% of breast cancer (BC) patients. Standard treatments include systemic therapies (chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy) and local treatments (surgery and radiotherapy). Electrochemotherapy (ECT) could be another option in this setting based on preclinical and clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-886b5ee11ee3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "IL-15 IL-15Rα Heterodimeric Complex as Cancer Immunotherapy in Murine Breast Cancer Models", "authors": "Guo", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2020.614667", "pmid": "33628206", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Interleukin 15 (IL-15) has been evaluated as a potential treatment for solid tumors in clinical trials, but the effectiveness of systemic IL-15 administration as a monotherapy has not been realized. IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα) can stabilize IL-15 and enhance its bioactivity. The goal of this study was to examine the activity of IL-15/IL-15Rα complex (IL-15cx) to CD8 + T cells and evaluate its potential efficacy in murine breast cancer models. The antitumor efficacy was studied in mouse mammary carcinoma models (Her2/neu transgenic and 4T1-luc mammary cancers) treated with systemic recombinant protein with/without the depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells or intra-tumoral gene electrotransfer (GET). IL-15cx shows superior in vivo bioactivity to expand CD8 T cells in comparison to an equimolar single chain IL-15. T-bet is partially involved in CD8 T cell expansion ex vivo and in vivo due to IL-15 or IL-15cx. Intraperitoneal administration of IL-15cx results in a moderate inhibition of breast cancer growth that is associated with an increase in the frequency of cytotoxic CD8 T cells and the improvement of their function. The depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has no impact on mouse breast cancer growth. IL-15cx treatment diminishes MDSCs in murine tumors. However, it also antagonizes the effects of anti-Gr-1 depleting antibodies. Intratumoral GET with plasmid IL-15/IL-15Rα leads to a long-term survival benefit in 4T1 mammary carcinoma model. An early increase of local cytotoxic cells correlates with GET treatment and an increase of long-term memory T cells results from animals with complete tumor regression. Systemic and local administration of IL-15cx shows two distinct therapeutic responses, a moderate tumor growth inhibition or heterogeneous tumor regressions with survival improvement. Further studies are warranted to improve the efficacy of IL-15cx as an immunotherapy for breast cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8504d3b916ae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effective electrochemotherapy with curcumin in MDA-MB-231-human, triple negative breast cancer cells: A global proteomics study", "authors": "Mittal et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107350", "pmid": "31518962", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Curcumin (Cur), the yellow pigment of well-known turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is effective in multiple cancers including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). In combination with electrical pulses (EP), enhanced effects of curcumin (Cur + EP) are observed in TNBC cells. To gain insights into the mechanisms of enhanced…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-79a345824386", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "High-throughput, Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Studies of the Anticancer Effects of Electrical Pulses with Turmeric Silver Nanoparticles: an in vitro Model Study", "authors": "Mittal et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-64128-8", "pmid": "32350346", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents 15-20% of the over one million new breast cancer cases occurring each year. TNBC is an aggressive cancer phenotype, with low 5-year survival rates, high 3-year recurrence rates, and increased risk of metastasis. A lack of three commonly exploited hormone receptors renders TNBC resistant to endocrine therapies and lends to its critical absence of viable therapeutic targets. This necessitates the development of alternate and effective novel therapeutic strategies for TNBC. Towards this, our current work seeks to develop the technique of Electrical pulse (EP)-mediated Turmeric silver nanoparticles (TurNP) therapy, known as Electrochemotherapy (ECT), to effectively target TNBC cells. This technique involves the efficient delivery of natural bioactive molecules with anti-cancer effects via a biophysical means. In these experiments, the bioactive molecules are turmeric, a dried rhizome of Curcuma longa that has been used for centuries, both as a dietary supplement and as a medicine in Ayurveda (science of life) in the Indian subcontinent and in traditional Chinese medicine. Our results reveal the combined effect of TurNP + EP treatment in reducing MDA-MB-231 cell viability to as low as 9% at 12 h. Showing biological selectivity, this combination treatment has a substantially lower effect on non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial MCF10A cells (67% viability). To gain mechanistic insights into the actions of TurNP-based ECT treatment, we performed high-throughput, label-free quantitative proteomics studies. Proteomics results indicate that TurNP + EP treatment significantly influenced expression of a diverse list of proteins, including receptors, transcription factors, structural proteins, kinases, and metabolic enzymes. This include the downregulation of 25 proteins in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (such as GRB2, EGFR, EPHA2, GNB1, GNB2, 14-3-3 family, and Integrin family proteins), and 12 proteins (AKR1A1, ALDOA, ALDOC, PGK1, PGM1, PGAM1, ENO1, ENO2, GAPDH, TPI1, LDHA, and LDHB) in the glycolytic pathway with concomitant reduction in metabolite levels (glucose uptake, and intracellular- lactate, glutamine, and glutamate). Compared to TurNP alone, TurNP + EP treatment upregulated 66 endoplasmic reticulum and 193 mitochondrial proteins, enhancing several processes and pathways, including Pyruvate Metabolism, Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which redirected the TNBC metabolism to mitochondria. This switch in the metabolism caused excessive production of H 2 O 2 reactive oxygen species (ROS) to inflict cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells, demonstrating the potency of this treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-708a4f281a13", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Use of electrochemotherapy in a voluminous chest wall recurrence of triple-negative breast cancer: case report", "authors": "Radica et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "AME Case Rep", "doi": "10.21037/acr-20-54", "pmid": "33179002", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Breast cancer is the most common cause of chest wall recurrence, skin, and subcutaneous tissue metastases which mainly occur as multiple nodes in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. When it occurs, surgery (re-excision or totalization) is the treatment of choice. Unfortunately, it is not possible in rare cases for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7bacbc418429", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Doxorubicin Assisted by Microsecond Electroporation Promotes Irreparable Morphological Alternations in Sensitive and Resistant Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells", "authors": "Rembiałkowska et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Applied Sciences", "doi": "10.3390/app10082765", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation increases the transmembrane transport of molecules. The combination of electric pulses with cytostatic compounds is beneficial for cancer treatment. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic anticancer drug. Its fluorescence properties enable the investigation of drug distribution and metabolism. In this study, doxorubicin was enhanced by electroporation to eliminate cancer cells more effectively. The influence of electroporation on the drug uptake was evaluated in two cell lines: MCF-7/WT and MCF-7/DOX. The intracellular localization of doxorubicin and its impact on the intracellular structure organization were examined under a confocal microscope. Cellular effects were examined with the 3(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test that estimates the rate of metabolism in viable cells. The ultrastructure (TEM) of tumor cells subjected to the electric field was analyzed. An enhanced doxorubicin efficacy was observed in MCF-7/DOX cells after combination with electroporation. The response of the resistant cell line was revealed to be more sensitive to electric pulses. Electroporation-based methods may be attractive for cancer treatment in human breast adenocarcinoma, especially with acquired resistance. Electroporation enables a reduction of the effective dose of the drugs and the exposure time in this type of cancer, diminishing side effects of the systemic therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cb85a1022d5f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Efficiency of Gene Electrotransfer in Breast-Cancer Cell Lines Cultured on a Novel Collagen-Free 3D Scaffold", "authors": "Sieni", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12041043", "pmid": "32340405", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Gene Electro-Transfer (GET) is a powerful method of DNA delivery with great potential for medical applications. Although GET has been extensively studied in vitro and in vivo, the optimal parameters remain controversial. 2D cell cultures have been widely used to investigate GET protocols, but have intrinsic limitations, whereas 3D cultures may represent a more reliable model thanks to the capacity of reproducing the tumor architecture. Here we applied two GET protocols, using a plate or linear electrode, on 3D-cultured HCC1954 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell lines grown on a novel collagen-free 3D scaffold and compared results with conventional 2D cultures. To evaluate the electrotransfer efficiency, we used the plasmid pEGFP-C3 encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene. The novel 3D scaffold promoted extracellular matrix deposition, which particularly influences cell behavior in both in vitro cell cultures and in vivo tumor tissue. While the transfection efficiency was similar in the 2D-cultures, we observed significant differences in the 3D-model. The transfection efficiency in the 3D vs 2D model was 44% versus 15% ( p < 0.01) and 24% versus 17% ( p < 0.01) in HCC1954 and MDA-MB231 cell cultures, respectively. These findings suggest that the novel 3D scaffold allows reproducing, at least partially, the peculiar morphology of the original tumor tissues, thus allowing us to detect meaningful differences between the two cell lines. Following GET with plate electrodes, cell viability was higher in 3D-cultured HCC1954 (66%) and MDA-MB231 (96%) cell lines compared to their 2D counterpart (53% and 63%, respectively, p < 0.001). Based on these results, we propose the novel 3D scaffold as a reliable support for the preparation of cell cultures in GET studies. It may increase the reliability of in vitro assays and allow the optimization of GET parameters of in vivo protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1d122f6196e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Modulates Mammary Tumor Growth in Rats on a Western Diet Supplemented with Curcumin", "authors": "Sundararajan et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines8110498", "pmid": "33202747", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "In the US, every 12 min, six women are diagnosed with breast cancer and one dies. This highlights a critical need for developing alternate therapies using natural compounds, which are cost effective and with less side effects. Curcumin, the yellow pigment of turmeric has been found to suppress initiation, progression, and metastasis of a variety of tumors. Multiple clinical trials highlight the efficacy of curcumin in treating breast cancer and other diseases. Our in vitro studies have demonstrated that the electrical pulse (EP) application can further enhance the effectiveness of curcumin against breast cancer cells in a therapy called electrochemotherapy (ECT). In a direct extension of these results, we studied the effect of ECT coupled with intratumoral curcumin administration (EP+Cur) on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary tumors in female Sprague Dawley rats. Beginning at the weaning and throughout the study, rats were fed either western diet (West) or western diet, supplemented with 1% curcumin (W+Cur). Our results showed that EP+Cur treatment led to a reduced growth rate in rats fed with W+Cur diet compared to West diet (57.14% vs. 16.67% in West diet). These results provide a foundation for further studies towards utilizing it in clinical practice.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-93c497825e79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Cell morphology impact on the set-up of electroporation protocols for in-suspension and adhered breast cancer cells", "authors": "Vera-Tizatl et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.1080/15368378.2020.1799387", "pmid": "32762310", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "In order to establish cancer-type-specific electroporation protocols for breast cancer, electroporation was performed in vitro in two modalities: in-suspension and adhered cells. Electroporation of cell suspensions was carried out through commercial electroporation cuvettes whereas a novel electrode for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fe28e3534f14", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Incorporation of electroendocytosis and nanosecond pulsed electric field in electrochemotherapy of breast cancer cells", "authors": "Abd-Elghany", "year": 2021, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.1080/15368378.2021.1978479", "pmid": "34541970", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The study aimed to evaluate the possibility to perform electrochemotherapy using nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) and low electric field (LEF) monopolar electrical impulses to alleviate the problems of conventional electroporation. Two types of pulses have been used to treat MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-33aeaacba950", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Corrigendum to \"PARP inhibitor olaparib has a potential to increase the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in BRCA1 mutated breast cancer in mice\" [Bioelectrochemistry 2021 (140) 107832]", "authors": "Bosnjak et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107865", "pmid": "34126369", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Bioelectrochemistry 141 (2021) 107865 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Bioelectrochemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/bioelechem Corrigendum Corrigendum to ‘‘PARP inhibitor olaparib has a potential to increase the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in BRCA1 mutated breast cancer in mice” [Bioelectrochemistry 2021 (140) 107832] Masa Bosnjak a,b,⇑, Tanja Jesenko a,c, Bostjan Markelc a,d, Larisa Janzic c, Maja Cemazar a,e, Gregor Sersa a,d,⇑ a Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Askerceva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Korytkova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia d University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia e University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Polje 42, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia b c The authors regret that during the final revision of the paper a typing error occurred.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-bf8d088480c4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "PARP inhibitor olaparib has a potential to increase the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in BRCA1 mutated breast cancer in mice", "authors": "Bosnjak et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107832", "pmid": "33984694", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a local therapy, has different effectiveness among tumor types. In breast cancer, its effectiveness is low; therefore, combined therapies are needed. The aim of our study was to combine ECT with PARP inhibitor olaparib, which could inhibit the repair of bleomycin or cisplatin induced DNA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6919936b184c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Debulking mastectomy with electrochemotherapy: a case report of no surgery approach to recurrent breast cancer", "authors": "Esposito et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Transl Cancer Res", "doi": "10.21037/tcr-20-2803", "pmid": "35116441", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy has been shown to be safe, effective and non-invasive loco-regional treatment for chest wall breast cancer recurrence. Electrochemotherapy is a palliative treatment offered to patients with cutaneous metastases from breast cancer, which are not eligible for resection and/or systemic therapy is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-8a6308ac2b", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:esposito", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true, "versionOf": "ref-7eb646523c33" }, { "id": "ref-590a8fedf1b1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Role of Electrochemotherapy in the Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Metastases From Breast Cancer: Analysis of Predictive Factors to Treatment From an Italian Cohort of Patients", "authors": "Russano et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2021.772144", "pmid": "34993137", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous localizations from breast cancer (BC) is still a therapeutic challenge. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the available options, and it is characterized by the association between the administration of a chemotherapic agent (Bleomycin) with the temporary raise of permeability of the cellular membrane induced by the local administration of electrical impulses (electroporation). ECT represents an effective therapy for loco-regional control of this disease. This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of response in cutaneous and subcutaneous localizations from breast cancer treated with ECT. We decided to evaluate the response to this treatment in 55 patients who underwent ECT between January 2013 and March 2020 at our Institute. We performed a monocentric retrospective cohort study. ECT was administered following the ESOPE (European Standard Operative Procedure of Electrochemotherapy) guidelines, a set of criteria updated in 2018 by a panel of European experts on ECT who defined the indications for selecting the patients who can benefit from the ECT treatment and the ones for technically performing the procedure. The responses were evaluated with the RECIST criteria (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor). We found after 12 weeks of treatment a complete response (CR) in 64% of our patients. From the analysis divided for subgroups of covariates is emerged that lower BMI, reduced body surface, and absence of previous radiation treatment could be predictive for a better complete response. This study suggests that the efficacy of the ECT treatment is related to the concurrent systemic therapies while administering ECT. The association between ECT and immunotherapy has offered better results than the association between ECT and chemotherapy (p-value = 0.0463). So, ECT is a valuable tool in the treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases from breast cancer and its efficacy in local control of these lesions improves when it is well planned in a therapeutic scenario.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-630149a3ddc1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Cisplatin-based Electrochemotherapy Significantly Downregulates Key Heat Shock Proteins in MDA-MB-231-Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells", "authors": "Sundararajan et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Appl Biochem Biotechnol", "doi": "10.1007/s12010-021-03703-9", "pmid": "34637110", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are available and/or induced for the survival of all organisms, including eukaryotic, prokaryotic, and plants, from higher temperature stresses. They are the chaperone proteins that protect all cells against heat, as the name implies. In addition to thermal stress, they also protect them…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c6c374914663", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Anticancer activity of methotrexate in electrochemotherapy and electrochemotherapy plus ionizing radiation treatments in human breast cancer cells", "authors": "Bute et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Med Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12032-022-01891-w", "pmid": "36459220", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Traditional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy have several limitations. Therefore, their performance must be enhanced with combined methods. The purpose of this study is to investigate both the efficacy of electroporation (EP) on the activity of methotrexate (MTX) and the combined treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-47a5fd1013a2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Adjuvant skin-sparing electrochemotherapy in a breast cancer patient with a prosthetic implant: 5-year follow-up outcomes", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Surg Case Rep", "doi": "10.1093/jscr/rjac199", "pmid": "35599994", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "A 55-year-old woman with previous skin-sparing mastectomy and prosthetic reconstruction for multifocal ductal carcinoma developed homolateral axillary recurrence. Following nodal dissection, partial periprosthetic capsulectomy and the overlying breast skin excision, the pathology report revealed a positive cutaneous margin. Since further breast skin excision or radiotherapy would have compromised the prosthetic implant, and the patient was adamant about avoiding any endangering intervention, the multidisciplinary recommendation included skin-directed electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the frame of a multimodal treatment strategy. The procedure lasted 20 minutes under mild general sedation and included a bolus of intravenous bleomycin followed by local application of electric pulses using a needle electrode. The postprocedural course was uneventful, except for mild dermatologic toxicity. At 5 years, the patient is disease-free with the implant in situ . This report illustrates the proof-of-concept of adjuvant skin-sparing ECT to sterilize resection margins, preserve a breast implant and highlight procedural details to avert toxicity.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-284351d57e97", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Calcium Electroporation for Management of Cutaneous Metastases in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Case Report", "authors": "Jensen", "year": 2022, "journal": "Case Rep Dermatol", "doi": "10.1159/000526157", "pmid": "36466757", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "We report a case of successful treatment of cutaneous metastases in HER2-positive breast cancer with calcium electroporation (CaEP), in addition to trastuzumab, over a period of 5 years. CaEP is performed in local or general anesthesia, by injecting calcium chloride intratumorally and then electroporating cells in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a8e48f5488d7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Micro- and Nanosecond Pulses Used in Doxorubicin Electrochemotherapy in Human Breast and Colon Cancer Cells with Drug Resistance", "authors": "Rembiałkowska et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules27072052", "pmid": "35408450", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "(1) Background: Pulsed electric field (PEF) techniques are commonly used to support the delivery of various molecules. A PEF seems a promising method for low permeability drugs or when cells demonstrate therapy resistance and the cell membrane becomes an impermeable barrier. (2) Methods: In this study, we have used doxorubicin-resistant and sensitive models of human breast cancer (MCF-7/DX, MCF-7/WT) and colon cancer cells (LoVo, LoVoDX). The study aimed to investigate the susceptibility of the cells to doxorubicin (DOX) and electric fields in the 20-900 ns pulse duration range. The viability assay was utilized to evaluate the PEF protocols' efficacy. Cell confluency and reduced glutathione were measured after PEF protocols. (3) Results: The obtained results showed that PEFs significantly supported doxorubicin delivery and cytotoxicity after 48 and 72 h. The 60 kV/cm ultrashort pulses × 20 ns × 400 had the most significant cytotoxic anticancer effect. The increase in DOX concentration provokes a decrease in cell viability, affected cell confluency, and reduced GSSH when combined with the ESOPE (European Standard Operating Procedures of Electrochemotherapy) protocol. Additionally, reactive oxygen species after PEF and PEF-DOX were detected. (4) Conclusions: Ultrashort electric pulses with low DOX content or ESOPE with higher DOX content seem the most promising in colon and breast cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ede1b11bb8d1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "High-throughput, Label-free Proteomics Identifies Salient Proteins and Genes in MDA-MB-231 Cells Treated with Natural Neem-based Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Varadarajan et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Appl Biochem Biotechnol", "doi": "10.1007/s12010-021-03787-3", "pmid": "34993768", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "With the absence of the three most common receptor targets, and with high vascularity and higher-grade tumors, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive of all breast cancer subtypes and is in need of additional/alternative/novel treatment strategies. With ~ 15% of the over 2 million new cases each…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-31dfccbbfa55", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Novel electroporation-based treatments for breast cancer", "authors": "Łapińska et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Adv Clin Exp Med", "doi": "10.17219/acem/156058", "pmid": "36374546", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, and its incidence is increasing every year. Current treatment is based on surgical resection, chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy, and hormone therapy (HT). Unfortunately, these methods are ineffective and are associated with a wide range of side effects (e.g., nausea, hair loss and fertility disorders). Electrochemotherapy (ECT), which exposes tumor cells to electric pulses (known as electroporation (EP)) in combination with cytostatic drugs, enables the reduction of cytotoxic drug doses while increasing their efficacy. Electroporation-based treatment methods are applied in breast carcinoma and are the subject of intensive research globally. Irreversible EP has shown promising therapeutic potential in the absence of cytotoxic drugs, as has EP associated with molecules such as calcium ions that are already present in the human body. The application of EP-based methods seems to be a safer and more effective treatment for BC in vitro and in vivo. Indeed, they have found applications in the treatment of BC and its metastases. Moreover, their palliative effects have also been established, and pain reduction has been noted in patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2c4652d15520", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of the Anticancer Activity of Calcium Ions Introduced into Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells MCF-7/WT and MCF-7/DOX by Electroporation", "authors": "Bieżuńska-Kusiak et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Pharmaceuticals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ph16060809", "pmid": "37375757", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Breast cancer ranks among the top three most common malignant neoplasms in Poland. The use of calcium ion-assisted electroporation is an alternative approach to the classic treatment of this disease. The studies conducted in recent years confirm the effectiveness of electroporation with calcium ions. Electroporation is a method that uses short electrical pulses to create transitional pores in the cell membrane to allow the penetration of certain drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effects of electroporation alone and calcium ion-assisted electroporation on human mammary adenocarcinoma cells that are sensitive (MCF-7/WT) and resistant to doxorubicin (MCF-7/DOX). The cell viability was assessed using independent tests: MTT and SRB. The type of cell death after the applied therapy was determined by TUNEL and flow cytometry (FACS) methods. The expression of Cav3.1 and Cav3.2 proteins of T-type voltage-gated calcium channels was assessed by immunocytochemistry, and changes in the morphology of CaEP-treated cells were visualized using a holotomographic microscope. The obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of the investigated therapeutic method. The results of the work constitute a good basis for planning research at the in vivo level and in the future to develop a more effective and safer method of breast cancer treatment for patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e4fefa449a17", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Surgical Bedside Electrochemotherapy for Local Control of a Recurrent Phylloid Malignant Breast Tumor: A Case Report", "authors": "Corrado et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.16829", "pmid": "38160000", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: We present the case of a recurrent malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast, after mastectomy and radiotherapy, in which electrochemotherapy (ECT) was applied to the tumor bed, to achieve better local control. Case report: A 66-year-old woman with a large malignant phyllodes tumor of the right breast with a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-19fe0dd1d32a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy of Electrochemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients of Different Receptor Status: The INSPECT Experience", "authors": "Di Prata et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15123116", "pmid": "37370726", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy has been proven to be an efficient treatment for cutaneous metastases of various cancers. Data on breast cancer (BC) patients with cutaneous metastases were retrieved from the INSPECT database. Patients were divided by their receptor status: HER2+, HR+ (ER/PgR+), and TN (triple negative). Groups were similar for histological subtype and location of the nodules. Most patients were previously treated with surgery/systemic therapy/radiotherapy. We found no differences in the three groups in terms of response ratio (OR per patient 86% HER2+, 80% HR+, 76% TN, p = 0.8664). The only factor positively affecting the complete response rate in all groups was small tumor size (<3 cm, p = 0.0105, p = 0.0001, p = 0.0266, respectively). Local progression-free survival was positively impacted by the achievement of complete response in HER2+ ( p = 0.0297) and HR+ ( p = 0.0094), while overall survival was affected by time to local progression in all groups ( p = 0.0065 in HER2+, p < 0.0001 in HR+, p = 0.0363 in TN). ECT treatment is equally effective among groups, despite different receptor status. Response and local tumor control seem to be better in multiple small lesions than in big armor-like lesions, suggesting that treating smaller, even multiple, lesions at the time of occurrence is more effective than treating bigger long-lasting armor-like cutaneous lesions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5e460a982664", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Enhancement of reactive oxygen species production in triple negative breast cancer cells treated with electric pulses and resveratrol", "authors": "Giri et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Explor Target Antitumor Ther", "doi": "10.37349/etat.2023.00122", "pmid": "36937321", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat since it lacks all the three most commonly targeted hormone receptors. Patients afflicted with TNBC are treated with platinum core chemotherapeutics, such as cisplatin. Despite the initial effective anticancer effects of cisplatin, TNBC attenuates its effect and develops resistance eventually, which results in tumor reoccurrence. Hence, there is a critical demand for effective, alternative, and natural ways to treat TNBC. Towards this, a promising technique for inhibiting TNBC cell proliferation involves promoting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which triggers pro-apoptotic caspases 9 and 3. Resveratrol (RESV), an active bio compound found in naturally available fruits, such as grapes, is utilized in this research for that. In addition, electrochemotherapy (ECT), which involves the application of electrical pulses (EP), was utilized to enhance the uptake of RESV. Methods: MDA-MB-231, human TNBC cells were treated with/out RESV, and eight 600-1,000 V/cm, 100 μs pulses at 1 Hz. The cells were characterized by using various assays, including viability assay, and ROS assay. Results: A TNBC cell viability of as low as 20% was obtained at 24 h (it was 13% at 60 h), demonstrating the potential of this novel treatment. ROS production was the highest in the combination of EP at 1,000 V/cm along with RESV at 100 μmol/L. Conclusions: Results indicate that RESV has the potential as an anti-TNBC agent and that EP + RESV can significantly enhance the cell death to reduce MDA-MB-231 cell viability by increasing ROS production and triggering apoptosis.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a1751f575054", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Post-irradiation Breast Angiosarcoma: All the Possible Treatments and Electrochemotherapy. Case Report and Literature Review", "authors": "Parisi et al", "year": 2023, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202312.0945.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Breast Angiosarcoma is a rare malignancy, accounting less than 1% of all soft tissue. It comprises primitive and secondary subtypes, such as radiogenic breast angiosarcoma (RAS). Despite the multimodal treatment, angiosarcomas represent an incurable disease for many patients and represent a cause of substantial deterioration of their quality of life. Surgery represents the cornerstone in the management, but high recurrence rates are reported. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is practicable locoregional treatment in patients with advanced angiosarcoma, in a multimodal therapeutic strategy. ECT palliative benefit includes optimal patient compliance, good local hemostasis control, and local responses. Considering that only 22 cases are described in literature, we reported a rare case of RAS treated with ECT, after a multidisciplinary approach including Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). A literature review about the feasibility of ECT in RAS management was also performed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-fc1e2e04c2", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:parisi", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.20944/preprints" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-97acd08b197f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Arterial Infusion and Isolated Perfusion in Combination with Reversible Electroporation for Locally Relapsed Unresectable Breast Cancer", "authors": "Aigner et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16233991", "pmid": "39682178", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Relapsed unresectable triple-negative breast cancer is a demanding disease with only a few treatment options. Especially for patients with unresectable tumor masses, a treatment that offers rapid tumor shrinkage is needed. If patients are exhausted from several treatment lines, systemic side effects have to be avoided. Reversible electroporation has shown to be effective for breast cancer if combined with systemic bleomycin and/or cisplatin. To enhance the local effect and reduce the systemic side effects, we combined reversible electroporation with regional chemotherapy. Materials and methods: Patients with advanced metastasized and relapsed breast cancer received regional chemotherapy via intra-arterial infusion and isolated thoracic perfusion combined with percutanous reversible electroporation. Circulating tumor cells (CETCs/CTCs) were counted before and 24 h after the treatment. Tumor response was evaluated by CT (computer tomography) control. Results: A total of 21 treatments were conducted for 14 patients who had a mean tumor size of 7.6 cm (standard deviation 3.3 cm). Higher local drug levels are present with arterial infusion compared to venous infusion and result in enhanced response rates. Circulating tumor cells decreased or stayed stable for 24 h after the treatment for 11 and 8 cases, respectively. An increase was observed in two cases. A total of 13 patients showed a clinical response with tumor shrinkage that led to resectability. One patient did not respond to the treatment regimen. Conclusions: The combination of reversible electroporation with intra-arterial chemotherapy is feasible and results in a good clinical response with neglectable side effects. The treatment is repeatable and can lead to resectability.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f74b413b81a4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Application of Gold Nanoparticles for Improvement of Electroporation-Assisted Drug Delivery and Bleomycin Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Lekešytė et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics16101278", "pmid": "39458609", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a safe and efficient method of targeted drug delivery using pulsed electric fields (PEF), one that is based on the phenomenon of electroporation. However, the problems of electric field homogeneity within a tumor can cause a diminishing of the treatment efficacy, resulting only in partial response to the procedure. This work used gold nano-particles for electric field amplification, introducing the capability to improve available elec-trochemotherapy methods and solve problems associated with field non-homogeneity. Methods: We characterized the potential use of gold nanoparticles of 13 nm diameter (AuNPs: 13 nm) in combination with microsecond (0.6-1.5 kV/cm × 100 μs × 8 (1 Hz)) and nanosecond (6 kV/cm × 300-700 ns × 100 (1, 10, 100 kHz and 1 MHz)) electric field pulses. Finally, we tested the most prominent protocols (microsecond and nanosecond) in the context of bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy ( 4T1 mammary cancer cell line). Results: In the nano-pulse range, the synergistic effects (improved permeabilization and electrotransfer) were profound, with increased pulse burst frequency. Addi-tionally, AuNPs not only reduced the permeabilization thresholds but also affected pore resealing. It was shown that a saturated cytotoxic response with AuNPs can be triggered at significantly lower electric fields and that the AuNPs themselves are non-toxic for the cells either separately or in combination with bleomycin. Conclusions: The used electric fields are considered sub-threshold and/or not applicable for electrochemotherapy, however, when combined with AuNPs results in successful ECT, indicating the methodology's prospective applicability as an anticancer treatment method.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0a088bd45c04", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy to Treat a Single Thoracic Metastasis in Patient with Breast Cancer", "authors": "Mazzotti", "year": 2024, "journal": "IJCCR", "doi": "10.31579/2690-4861/507", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy represents one of the therapeutic breakthroughs in the oncology field. In this case report, we describe a woman diagnosed with breast cancer in 2005. The case was treated surgically with right breast mastectomy, with axillary dissection for estrogen receptor positive ductal carcinoma, followed by a course of chemotherapy. Radiotherapy and hormonal adjuvant therapy with aromatase inhibitor were used for 8 years and the treatment plan was completed in 2014. After 17 years from the surgery, a thoracic Hight Resolution Computed Tomography scan showed a single node localized in right intercostal space, treated with a loco-regional treatment without complications. This allowed us to make the patient disease-free again. This case opens a choice in a loco-regional treatment to offer at a patient a new chance.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-502bc623ed68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Post-Irradiation Breast Angiosarcoma: All the Possible Treatments and Electrochemotherapy. Case Report and Literature Review", "authors": "Parisi et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm13020567", "pmid": "38256700", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Breast angiosarcoma is a rare malignancy, accounting for less than 1% of all soft tissue cancers. It comprises primitive and secondary subtypes, such as radiogenic breast angiosarcoma (RAS). Despite multimodal treatment, angiosarcomas represent an incurable disease for many patients and a significant cause of deterioration in their quality of life. Surgery is a cornerstone in management, but high recurrence rates are reported. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a practicable locoregional treatment for patients with advanced angiosarcoma as part of a multimodal therapeutic strategy. The palliative benefits of ECT include optimal patient compliance, good local hemostasis control, and positive local responses. Since only 22 cases are described in the literature, we reported a rare case of RAS treated with ECT after a multidisciplinary approach, including Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). A literature review on the feasibility of ECT in RAS management was also performed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-fc1e2e04c2", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:parisi", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.20944/preprints" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f0efa800bc56", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Investigation of the Bystander Effect on Cell Viability After Application of Combined Electroporation-Based Methods", "authors": "Barauskaitė-Šarkinienė et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms26052297", "pmid": "40076917", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) uses electroporation to enhance drug delivery into tumor cells, triggering bystander effects like immunogenicity and cell death. This study investigated bystander effects in vitro in 4T1 breast cancer cells following various electroporation treatments: reversible (1400 V/cm, 100 µs) bleomycin electrotransfer, irreversible (2800 V/cm, 100 µs) bleomycin electrotransfer, and calcium electroporation, including combinations. Conditioned media from treated cells (12-72 h incubation) were transferred to untreated cells, and viability was assessed via metabolic activity, cell count, and colony formation. A scratch assay evaluated wound healing. The bystander effect dramatically reduced colony formation, reaching 0% after bleomycin and calcium electrotransfer, and 2.37 ± 0.74% after irreversible electroporation (IRE). Metabolic activity decreased to 18.05 ± 6.77% and 11.62 ± 3.57% after bleomycin and calcium electrotransfer, respectively, and 56.21 ± 0.74% after IRE. Similarly, cell viability measured by flow cytometry was 10.00 ± 1.44%, 3.67 ± 0.32%, and 24.96 ± 1.37% after bleomycin electrotransfer, calcium electrotransfer, and IRE, respectively. Combined analysis of these effects yielded comparable results. Conditioned media, particularly from bleomycin electrotransfer and calcium electroporation, significantly reduced cell number, metabolic activity, and colony formation, demonstrating a strong bystander effect. Wound healing was also significantly delayed in groups exposed to conditioned media.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3d3dd2e9efb8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ca2+ sonotransfer into breast cancer cells in a suspension, 3-D spheroid and subcutaneous tumor models", "authors": "Maciulevičius et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Ultrason Sonochem", "doi": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107381", "pmid": "40345105", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Calcium-based treatments have gained considerable attention in the field of electroporation, primarily, due to their comparable efficacy to conventional electro-chemotherapy. However, their applications in sonoporation remain under-investigated, despite its high potential for site-specific and temporally-controlled…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f560e1f310ef", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Application of nisin as a potential drug candidate for electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Michel et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2025.1689261", "pmid": "41395610", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Electroporation (EP) is a technique that transiently increases the permeability of the cell membrane through the application of high-voltage electric pulses, facilitating the intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents or the selective ablation of cells. Combination of EP with cytotoxic drugs-most commonly bleomycin or cisplatin-is termed electrochemotherapy (ECT), which markedly enhances drug efficacy and permits targeted, locally controlled treatment with reduced systemic exposure. Currently, in addition to microsecond (µs) pulses, nanosecond (ns) pulses are being proposed for clinical use to mitigate certain ECT-associated side effects. However, achieving robust permeabilization with nsPEF typically requires higher electric fields. Nisin is a polycyclic antibacterial peptide with anticancer potential that can be leveraged in this context. Methods: To date, the permeabilizing properties of nisin have been employed alongside an external electric field exclusively in bacterial systems and artificial membranes. In this study, we investigated the impact of nisin on membrane permeabilization, resealing, and viability of 4T1 breast cancer cells exposed to microsecond and nanosecond electric pulses of varying field strengths and pulse frequencies. Results: Across all experimental conditions, nisin reduced the threshold voltage necessary for effective permeabilization and increased treatment-induced cell mortality. Discussion: Since nisin is non-toxic by itself, it represents a promising candidate for electrochemotherapy, potentially supporting its wider clinical application in the future.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f0eb912d457e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Potentiation of Electrochemotherapy by Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Murine Tumors with Distinct Immune Profiles", "authors": "Omerzel et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers18010090", "pmid": "41514601", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background : Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a clinically validated local ablative treatment increasingly recognized for its ability to induce immunogenic cell death and stimulate antitumor immunity. Its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD-1 antibodies, may enhance systemic immune responses and improve therapeutic efficacy, particularly in poorly immunogenic tumors. Methods : We evaluated the antitumor effectiveness of ECT combined with a murine analog of the anti-PD-1 antibody in four syngeneic murine tumor models with differing histology and immune status: WEHI fibrosarcoma, CT26 and MC38 colorectal carcinoma, and 4T1 mammary carcinoma. In vitro cytotoxicity assays assessed tumor cell sensitivity to ECT, while in vivo experiments evaluated complete response (CR) rates, immune cell infiltration, and long-term immune memory through secondary tumor challenge. Immunohistochemical analysis of CD4 + , CD8 + , and granzyme B + effector cells. Results : In vitro, WEHI cells exhibited the highest sensitivity to ECT. In vivo, ECT monotherapy induced CRs in 100% of WEHI tumors, 60% of CT26, 17% of 4T1, and 15% of MC38. The addition of anti-PD-1 significantly enhanced outcomes in less responsive models, increasing CRs to 90% in CT26, 91% in MC38, and 53% in 4T1. Combination therapy promoted pronounced infiltration of CD4 + , CD8 + , and granzyme B + T cells and the formation of tertiary lymphoid structure, particularly in MC38 tumors. Secondary challenge experiments confirmed long-term immune memory in CT26 and MC38 models and induced memory in 4T1, which was absent following monotherapy. Conclusions : ECT synergizes with PD-1 blockade to potentiate local and systemic antitumor immunity, overcoming immune resistance in poorly immunogenic tumors. These findings support further clinical development of ECT in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors as a component of personalized cancer immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-33b6d1ea6269", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Prospective multicentre study of patients with cutaneous metastases from breast cancer treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Russano et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Clin Exp Metastasis", "doi": "10.1007/s10585-025-10350-5", "pmid": "40439892", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local treatment combining chemotherapy with electroporation. This prospective multicentre study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ECT in the treatment of patients with skin metastases from breast cancer and confirm whether \"luminal A-like\" tumors are more responsive to treatment. One-hundred and ninety-five patients were included in the analysis. 55% achieved complete response, 27% partial response (objective response OR 82%); 12% stable disease and 5% experienced progressive disease. The analysis by tumor phenotype showed a significant better response rate in Luminal A-like (p = 0.0060) and Luminal B-like (p = 0.0271) groups compared to Triple-Negative. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on the number and size of cutaneous metastases. Higher response rate was observed in patients with small (≤ 3 cm), single or multiple, metastases (OR rate 95% and 90%, respectively); larger tumors (> 3 cm) showed an OR rate of 85%. Tumor response was not affected by the presence of distant metastases, whereas patients with large cutaneous lesions and distant metastases showed a OR rate of 58%. One-year local progression-free survival (LPFS) was 86% (C.I. 82-89%). In the multivariate analysis, patient age and response to ECT were significantly associated with longer LPFS. This study confirms the efficacy of ECT in small-volume cutaneous metastases from breast cancer regardless the presence of systemic disease and suggests higher efficacy in patients with luminal A- and luminal B-like tumors. ECT can be utilized not only as a palliative measure but also as an alternative treatment for patients not eligible for standard treatments, or in combination with them. Trial registered on https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06683404 (date of registration 11/11/2024) retrospectively registered.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6e155fb5d12f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Systemic and locoregional therapies for cutaneous metastases from breast cancer: state of art and new frontiers in treatment approach", "authors": "Russano et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Ther Adv Med Oncol", "doi": "10.1177/17588359251387539", "pmid": "41367954", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Cutaneous metastases from breast cancer, although relatively uncommon, represent the most frequent form of skin metastases overall and pose a significant clinical and therapeutic challenge. Their presence classifies the disease as stage IV, typically prompting the initiation or modification of systemic treatment. However, current clinical guidelines do not distinguish between cutaneous and visceral metastases, which may lead to unnecessary alterations in systemic therapy-even when visceral disease remains well controlled-potentially compromising an otherwise effective regimen. This review provides a comprehensive overview of systemic and loco-regional treatment options for cutaneous breast cancer metastases, including current guidelines stratified by tumor subtype. Special attention is given to loco-regional therapies such as electrochemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgical excision, photodynamic therapy, intralesional agents, and topical treatments, all of which can be integrated with systemic therapy to improve local disease control, reduce symptoms, and enhance patient quality of life. We propose an integrated and personalized therapeutic model that combines systemic and loco-regional approaches, supported by a decision-making flowchart designed to assist clinicians in optimizing treatment strategies. By adopting a multidisciplinary perspective, this approach aims to improve both local and systemic disease management, clinical outcomes, and patient well-being. Further research is warranted to refine therapeutic combinations, establish standardized protocols, and fully realize the clinical benefits for patients with metastatic breast cancer presenting with cutaneous involvement.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-30a1c20aced8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Role of Electrochemotherapy in Managing Cutaneous Metastases from Breast Carcinoma: A Narrative Review", "authors": "Russano et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines13102345", "pmid": "41153631", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous metastases from breast carcinoma represent a debilitating complication of advanced disease progression, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), which combines cytotoxic drugs such as bleomycin or cisplatin with electric pulses to enhance cellular permeability, has shown promising efficacy as a local treatment for these lesions. Objectives: This literature review examines the principles of ECT, its mechanisms of action and the clinical outcomes in patients with primary breast cancer. Across clinical series, patient-level ORR typically ranges from ~70-90% and CR up to ~58% at 6-12 weeks, with lower rates in larger (>3 cm) or deeper lesions. ECT is safe, well tolerated, and potentially synergistic with other systemic therapies. However, its efficacy is influenced by factors such as lesion size, tumor receptor status, and prior radiotherapy. Optimizing patient selection, standardizing treatment protocols, and developing combination approaches with immunotherapy or targeted therapies represent key future directions to improve clinical outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c2071a804f38", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparison of Intravenous Sedation with Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Breast Cancer Skin Lesion Electrochemotherapy: A Randomized, Double‐blinded Clinical Trial", "authors": "Tahvildari et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Cancer Manag", "doi": "10.5812/ijcm-158356", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Skin metastases occur in 5% - 30% of breast cancer patients, highlighting the need for effective treatments. Electrochemotherapy, which combines electric pulses with chemotherapy, enhances drug uptake but requires sedation due to muscle spasms caused by the pulses. Dexmedetomidine, which minimizes respiratory depression, and propofol, which provides rapid sedation, are commonly used. However, research on their use specifically during electrochemotherapy is limited. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and propofol in breast cancer skin lesion electrochemotherapy. Methods: Sixty-four patients between the ages of 18 and 60 years, in ASA group II, I, III, with skin metastases of breast cancer were selected and referred for electrochemotherapy. The participants were randomly assigned to two equal groups, using sequentially numbered, opaque-sealed envelopes with computer-generated randomization. One group received dexmedetomidine, and the other received propofol. To minimize selection bias, an opaque covering was used to conceal the IV bag and tubing. Dexmedetomidine was administered to 32 patients with an initial bolus dose of 0.5 to 1 mcg/kg, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.1 to 1 mcg/kg per hour. Propofol was administered to the other 32 patients at a dose of 25 to 75 mcg/min/kg. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) score, Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS) score, and Aldrete score were recorded during the procedure. The sample size was calculated for 80% power at a type I error of 0.05. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and independent-samples t-test were used to compare continuous variables. Results: The MAP decreased in the propofol group from time points 1 to 3 (P < 0.05) and in the dexmedetomidine group from time points 1 to 6 (P < 0.05), with significant differences between the groups at time points 1 to 3 (P < 0.05). Heart rate decreased in the dexmedetomidine group from time points 1 to 7 (P < 0.05), while the propofol group showed a decrease only at time point 2 (P < 0.05), with significant differences between the groups from time points 2 to 7 (P < 0.05). The SpO2 reduction was not significant in the dexmedetomidine group, while the propofol group exhibited a decrease from time points 1 to 3 (P < 0.05), with significant differences between the groups at time points 3 to 7 (P < 0.05). All patients in the dexmedetomidine group scored above 8 on the Aldrete scale, compared to 34.3% in the propofol group (P < 0.001). The mean RSS score during the procedure was significantly lower for the dexmedetomidine group than for the propofol group (P < 0.001). Overall patient satisfaction was similar between groups, but surgeon satisfaction was higher in the dexmedetomidine group (P < 0.001). No harm or unintended effects occurred in any of the patients. The generalizability of the findings may be limited due to variability in drug administration rates and timing across groups, as well as the exclusion of patients with cardiovascular disease and critically ill individuals. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine provides satisfactory sedation and analgesia outcomes, making it a viable alternative to propofol for patients undergoing electrochemotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec478660677f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nano-in-Micro GelMA depots assist electro-thermal-immuno orchestral treatment for solid triple negative breast tumor", "authors": "Li", "year": 2026, "journal": "Mater Today Bio", "doi": "10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102848", "pmid": "41685365", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits high local-recurrence risk despite modern systemic therapy assisted with surgery or irradiation therapy. Here, we report an injectable nano-in-micro microsphere depot (cPAG) that integrates conductivity enhancement, photothermal conversion, O 2 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and innate immune agonist co-delivery to support staged, local multimodal therapy. Monodispersed Au@GelMA microspheres prepared via microfluidics and photocrosslinking reduced high electrostatic resistance of GelMA hydrogels and provided stable 808 nm laser-responsive heating. The porous surface possessed abundant electrostatic adsorption sites for loading MnO x nanoflowers and anionic stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist. MnO x nanoflowers catalyzed H 2 O 2 to generate O 2, produced free radical signals and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion in vitro . Co-delivery of agonist and MnO x nanoparticles further increased interferon-β secretion, consistent with induction of type I interferon response. In a 4T1 residual-tumor model established by partial tumor resection, a staged regimen consisting of cPAG-assisted irreversible electroporation followed by cPAG-mediated photothermal therapy showed the strongest suppression of local tumor regrowth among tested groups, with maintained body weight during the study window. Overall, cPAG provides a modular nano-in-micro depot strategy to integrate multiple local treatments for postoperative control of TNBC tumor.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9a8146a3c738", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of unipolar and bipolar nanosecond pulses for calcium electrochemotherapy and immune response", "authors": "Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1805130", "pmid": "42088507", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Calcium electrochemotherapy (CaECT) is an effective alternative to standard chemotherapeutic treatments, utilizing intracellular delivery of supraphysiological calcium concentrations to induce cell death. High-frequency sub-microsecond bursts can be successfully used for CaECT, however, bipolar waveforms have not yet been characterized in this context, potentially offering better impedance mitigation and more uniform treatment when compared to unipolar procedures. Therefore, this study evaluated the feasibility of unipolar and symmetric bipolar sub-microsecond pulses (7 kV/cm × 300 ns × 250, 1 MHz) for CaECT including their capacity to modulate antitumor immunity in a moderately immunogenic murine breast cancer model. Standard microsecond protocol (1.5 kV/cm × 100 μs × 8 pulses at 1 Hz) was used as a reference. In vitro data revealed that a bipolar cancellation phenomenon when symmetric bipolar pulses were applied, whereas this effect was not detected in vivo . CaECT treatment induced systemic immune alterations across electroporation groups, including increased CD4 + and CD8 + memory T-cell populations in the spleen and reduced CD4 + regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Unipolar nanosecond pulses showed a clearer increase in central memory T-cell populations, while bipolar pulses were associated with pronounced modulation of lymph-node immune composition. It is shown that bipolar cancellation phenomenon is not necessarily triggered in vivo , which was predicted by in vitro data.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-af81ae706345", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Time-dependent stress responses determine bleomycin electrochemotherapy efficacy in drug-resistant breast Cancer cells", "authors": "Rembiałkowska et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109372", "pmid": "42418914", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT), combining pulsed electric fields (PEFs) with cytotoxic drugs, enhances intracellular drug delivery and tumor control; however, cellular stress responses determining long-term efficacy, particularly in drug-resistant cancer cells, remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigated time-dependent responses to microsecond PEF protocols (5 × 50 μs, 100-2000 V/cm, 1 Hz) combined with doxorubicin or bleomycin in drug-sensitive (MCF-7/WT) and doxorubicin-resistant (MCF-7/DOX) breast adenocarcinoma cells, using the ESOPE protocol as a clinical reference. ECT induced field- and time-dependent cytotoxicity, with bleomycin-based protocols producing sustained loss of viability in both cell lines. Treatment was accompanied by increased oxidative stress, reflected by enhanced lipid peroxidation, particularly at higher electric field strengths. Stress adaptation differed between phenotypes: bleomycin-based ECT strongly increased Hsp27 expression, especially in resistant cells, whereas Hsp70 showed divergent regulation, including suppression under combined PEF and doxorubicin exposure. Bleomycin-based ECT was associated with increased apoptotic signaling and limited necrosis, whereas doxorubicin-based protocols showed reduced efficacy in resistant cells. These findings identify oxidative stress and heat shock protein responses as key determinants of ECT outcome and support bleomycin as a preferential agent for electroporation-assisted treatment of chemoresistant breast tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cfb88549158a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Skin Nodules in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients A Case Series from Iran", "authors": "Shahverdi et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Int J Cancer Manag", "doi": "10.5812/ijcm-170431", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and Objective: Breast cancer (BC), the second most prevalent cancer worldwide, poses a significant health challenge. Despite major advances in therapeutic modalities for BC, patients who undergo modified radical mastectomy face considerable risks of locoregional recurrence, ranging from 10% to 40%. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a novel treatment modality, has demonstrated promising efficacy, particularly for skin and subcutaneous metastases, by enhancing drug penetration and minimizing systemic adverse effects. Methods: This case series was the first multicenter study in Iran to evaluate the effect of ECT on skin metastases in patients with recurrent BC following either lumpectomy or mastectomy. The study was conducted in 2 cancer referral centers from April 2023 to November 2024. Patients with BC who experienced treatment failure with skin metastasis or chest wall recurrence were included. Results: All included patients had large lesions (> 5 cm) with metastatic spread to the skin. Among the 10 cases, 2 patients achieved complete response, 3 patients developed clear skin margins and became operable for mastectomy, and 5 patients achieved local control of tumor-associated symptoms. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated an impressive overall response to ECT in skin metastases of BC and underscore its potential to improve treatment outcomes for patients experiencing recurrent disease while reducing the burden of systemic therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6f6ab64f79c1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Low-Dose Vitamin C-Based Electroporation of Solid Tumors: A New Area in Non-Cytotoxic Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "YazdanParast et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines14040936", "pmid": "42072475", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background : Electrochemotherapy enhances the intracellular delivery of anticancer agents through electroporation but is traditionally limited to cytotoxic drugs associated with significant side effects. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) exhibits selective anticancer activity when accumulated at high intracellular concentrations; however, its therapeutic application is restricted by poor membrane permeability and rapid systemic clearance. Methods : In this study, we investigated whether reversible electroporation, applied using a custom-designed variable plate electrode system designed to deliver a uniform electric field, could potentiate the antitumor efficacy of low-dose vitamin C. Numerical simulations were performed to optimize electrode spacing and stimulation voltage, suggesting homogeneous electric field coverage throughout the tumor volume. The proposed approach was evaluated in vitro using MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 breast cancer cell lines and in vivo in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model. Results: Low-dose vitamin C alone produced minimal cytotoxic effects, whereas its combination with electroporation significantly reduced cell viability and increased apoptotic and necrotic cell death in vitro. In vivo, vitamin C-assisted electrochemotherapy resulted in pronounced tumor growth suppression, with tumor volumes reduced to approximately 0.34-fold of baseline by day 15, accompanied by decreased proliferation and marked tissue disruption. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that uniform-field reversible electroporation markedly enhances the intracellular delivery and antitumor activity of low-dose vitamin C, supporting this technology-driven strategy as a promising, low-toxicity alternative to conventional chemotherapeutic agents in electrochemotherapy for solid tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e35aeb566514", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Antimetastatic effects of electrochemotherapy and of histoincompatible interleukin-2-secreting cells in the murine Lewis lung tumor", "authors": "Orlowski et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/00001813-199807000-00006", "pmid": "9877244", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Murine Lewis lung (3LL) tumors are characterized by the appearance of lung metastases after a regular period following their s.c. transplantation. We tested the respective efficiencies of various antitumor treatments: (i) electrochemotherapy (ECT), i.e. the systemic injection of bleomycin associated with electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7ff15262488a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin in the treatment of hypernephroma metastasis: case report and literature review", "authors": "Serša et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Tumori", "doi": "10.1177/030089160008600211", "pmid": "10855856", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "A metastasis of hypernephroma was treated by electrochemotherapy with bleomycin. Electrochemotherapy consists of chemotherapy followed by local application of electric pulses to the tumor in order to increase drug delivery to the cells. In the course of a four-week treatment period, the subcutaneous metastasis of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-97116e7affce", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Successful rescue of an apocrine gland carcinoma metastatic to the cervical lymph nodes by mitoxantrone coupled with trains of permeabilizing electrical pulses (electrochemotherapy)", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "In Vivo", "doi": null, "pmid": "18396782", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Canine apocrine gland carcinoma is a locally aggressive neoplasm that can occasionally lead to metastatic spread, thus mimicking the behavior of their human counterpart. In this paper we describe the successful treatment of a cervical metastatic spread of this neoplasia by using mitoxantrone selectively driven within…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f78a236e6d07", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Antivascular effects of electrochemotherapy implications in treatment of bleeding metastases", "authors": "Jarm et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Expert Rev Anticancer Ther", "doi": "10.1586/era.10.43", "pmid": "20470005", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi" ], "abstract": "Solid tumors of various etiologies can be treated efficiently by electrochemotherapy (ECT), a combined use of electroporation (EP) and chemotherapeutic drugs, such as bleomycin and cisplatin. EP alone and ECT in particular, induce a profound reduction in tumor blood flow, which contributes to the antitumor effect…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d3dce3b208f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Metastatic potential of melanoma cells is not affected by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Todorovic et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Melanoma Res", "doi": "10.1097/CMR.0b013e328337abd7", "pmid": "20216102", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment combining chemotherapy and application of electric pulses to the tumour. Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and cisplatin has shown its effectiveness in controlling local tumour growth in the treatment of malignant melanoma. However, the effect of electrochemotherapy on the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0e54e35a126c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "465. Initial Experience with Electrochemotherapy in the Local Treatment of Tumors into a Multimodal Approach", "authors": "Farré Alegre et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2012.06.418", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "kayda-ait-degil", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-d5006c4464b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Palliative treatment of skin metastases in dermato‐oncology", "authors": "Kähler et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.12197", "pmid": "24015966", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Patients with metastatic melanoma, but also other solid tumors (e.g., lung or breast cancer), may develop cutaneous metastases in advanced stages. The goal of treatment is to alleviate symptoms such as pain, fetor, secretions, or bleeding. Current treatment modalities are based on a multimodal treatment approach…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-74195e7a01ed", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Therapy with siRNA for Vegf-c but not for Vegf-d suppresses wide-spectrum organ metastasis in an immunocompetent xenograft model of metastatic mammary cancer", "authors": "Shibata et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "24122987", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Cancer metastasis contributes significantly to cancer mortality and is facilitated by lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factors-C and D (VEGF-C and VEGF-D) are heavily involved in lymphangiogenesis. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) against mouse Vegf-c, and Vegf-d, we sought to inhibit…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-25c4fc68088c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the management of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastasis: a series of 39 patients treated with palliative intent", "authors": "Solari et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.23481", "pmid": "24165992", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is technique for local control of skin metastasis. This study is primarily aimed at assessing the clinical activity of ECT in a prospective cohort of patients, and evaluating the association between primary tumor histology, number of metastatic lesions and size of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7820ae5e5eac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A novel minigene scaffold for therapeutic cancer vaccines", "authors": "Aurisicchio et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.4161/onci.27529", "pmid": "24790791", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Genetic vaccines are emerging as a powerful modality to induce T-cell responses to target tumor associated antigens (TAA). Viral or plasmid DNA or RNA vectors harbor an expression cassette encoding the antigen of choice delivered in vivo by vaccination. In this context, immunizations with minigenes containing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8498aefbee40", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy to Metastatic Spinal Melanoma: A Novel Treatment of Spinal Metastasis?", "authors": "Gasbarrini et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Spine (Phila Pa 1976)", "doi": "10.1097/BRS.0000000000001125", "pmid": "26274530", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Study design: Preliminary report of new antitumor treatment. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy as a novel treatment of spinal metastasis. Summary of background data: Electrochemotherapy is a new antitumor treatment that combines systemic bleomycin with electric pulses delivered locally at…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e2e1d1bc1e76", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of tumors as in situ vaccination boosted by immunogene electrotransfer", "authors": "Sersa et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Immunother", "doi": "10.1007/s00262-015-1724-2", "pmid": "26067277", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a platform technology for drug and gene delivery. When applied to cell in vitro or tissues in vivo, it leads to an increase in membrane permeability for molecules which otherwise cannot enter the cell (e.g., siRNA, plasmid DNA, and some chemotherapeutic drugs). The therapeutic effectiveness of delivered chemotherapeutics or nucleic acids depends greatly on their successful and efficient delivery to the target tissue. Therefore, the understanding of different principles of drug and gene delivery is necessary and needs to be taken into account according to the specificity of their delivery to tumors and/or normal tissues. Based on the current knowledge, electrochemotherapy (a combination of drug and electric pulses) is used for tumor treatment and has shown great potential. Its local effectiveness is up to 80 % of local tumor control, however, without noticeable effect on metastases. In an attempt to increase systemic antitumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy, electrotransfer of genes with immunomodulatory effect (immunogene electrotransfer) could be used as adjuvant treatment. Since electrochemotherapy can induce immunogenic cell death, adjuvant immunogene electrotransfer to peritumoral tissue could lead to locoregional effect as well as the abscopal effect on distant untreated metastases. Therefore, we propose a combination of electrochemotherapy with peritumoral IL-12 electrotransfer, as a proof of principle, using electrochemotherapy boosted with immunogene electrotransfer as in situ vaccination for successful tumor treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-513fa283567f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy guided by intraoperative fluorescence imaging for the treatment of inoperable peritoneal micro-metastases", "authors": "Josserand et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.003", "pmid": "27155365", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Surgery is often the first therapeutic indication in cancer. Patient survival essentially depends on the completeness of tumor resection. This is a major challenge, particularly in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), where tumors are widely disseminated in the large peritoneal cavity. These small tumors can…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f8520c18f956", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Treatment of lymph node metastases from gastric cancer with a combination of Irreversible Electroporation and Electrochemotherapy: a case report", "authors": "Klein et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Clin Case Rep", "doi": "10.1002/ccr3.1079", "pmid": "28781865", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "The combination of Irreversible Electroporation and Electrochemotherapy (IRECT) was well tolerated, safe, and had antitumor activity in this case study of a patient with lymph node metastases from gastric cancer. We therefore recommend the consideration of further clinical studies to investigate the treatment of cancerous tissue with IRECT.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6188ba3a29bd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with anti-PD-1 treatment induced durable complete response in heavily pretreated metastatic melanoma patient", "authors": "Karaca et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Anticancer Drugs", "doi": "10.1097/CAD.0000000000000580", "pmid": "29271783", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Metastatic melanoma (MM) is one of the most lethal types of cancer. Although novel immunotherapeutics have been developed recently, still, these drugs fail to save the lives of a third of MM patients. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local treatment of cancer based on a combination of electroporesis and low-dose…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b16d0980865", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Local treatment with deep percutaneous electrochemotherapy of different tumor lesions: pain relief and objective response results from an observational study", "authors": "Ranieri et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci", "doi": "10.26355/eurrev_202007_22279", "pmid": "32744703", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: The aim of this investigation focuses on the evaluation of the efficacy of deep-seated Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in terms of pain relief and local objective response, in pre-treated patients with neither further available pharmacological treatments nor eligible for surgery. Patients and methods: Deep percutaneous ECT has been performed in 20 patients subjected to systemic anaesthesia. Bleomycin was administrated intravenously before the application of the electrical pulses on the target area, employing multiple single needles depending on the size and location of the target tumor. Results: Pain assessment based on Visual Analogue Scale showed significant pain relief one month after treatment in all patients, reducing from 7.5 to 3 as a median value (p-value at Wilcoxon test <0.001). Local symptom-free survival median value was 5.5 months. At the first follow-up (1-2 months), a local disease control rate (LDCR) was observed in 19/20 (95%) patients: complete responses in 2 (10%), partial responses in 8 (40%) and stable disease in 9 (45%). Local progression-free survival median value was 5.7 months. Overall, no major adverse effects were observed. Conclusions: Our study indicates that deep percutaneous ECT can produce a significant pain reduction and a high LDCR in different tumor lesions, for anatomical site or histotype. In particular, ECT has demonstrated to be effective in various histotypes and deep-seated tumor lesions never treated before by this approach giving a new chance to physicians for reducing oncological pain in patients not eligible to other therapeutic routes. The innovative peculiarity of our study was the successful application of deep percutaneous ECT on adrenal metastasis, malignant pleural mesothelioma, uterine leiomyosarcoma and the uncommon case of a male müllerian tumor.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-sa" }, { "id": "ref-58159bbdd975", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Theoretical study of discriminative electroporation effect between tumor and normal blood vessels by high-frequency bipolar and traditional monopolar pulses", "authors": "Lv et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Journal of Applied Physics", "doi": "10.1063/5.0220073", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electroporation technique induced by high-voltage pulses has been successfully used to ablate tumor cells while preserving the function of normal blood vessels. Generally, the tumor blood vessels can provide a pathway to draw nutrients for tumor growth and contribute to invasion and metastasis, which is an obstacle to tumor treatment. The electroporation study of the endothelial cell, which is important in the vasculature microenvironment, is helpful to investigate the influence on both tumor and normal blood vessels. This study built a multicell-layer model of the vascular microenvironment to investigate the discriminative electroporation effect between normal and tumor blood vessels by high-frequency bipolar pulses (HFBPs) and monopolar pulses (MPs). The simulation results showed that both pore number and electroporation region in normal blood vessels are significantly lower than those in tumor blood vessels. The rich vascular smooth muscle cells existed in the normal blood vessels play a protective function for endothelial cells, compared with tumor blood vessels. However, the differences in pore number and electroporation region between normal and tumor blood vessels are gradually smaller with an increased electric field, which demonstrates that the electroporation pulse with higher intensity damages both normal and tumor blood vessels. HFBPs generate a weaker electroporation effect on both normal and tumor blood vessels than traditional MP. However, HFBPs are more suitable to electroporate tumor blood vessels, while preserving the normal blood vessels. Moreover, this study could also provide a multicell-layer model that can be used to analyze the cell electroporation effect in the vascular microenvironment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b6fbd443b618", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Bone Metastases A Narrative Review", "authors": "Feddal et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-025-04077-9", "pmid": "40481310", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Bone is the third most common site for metastases, frequently leading to skeletal-related events (SREs) such as pain, metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC), and pathological fractures all of which significantly impact patients' quality of life. In recent years, minimally invasive image-guided therapies…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e7853a86fb54", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Importance of the timing of combined electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced melanoma", "authors": "Kis et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Clin Exp Metastasis", "doi": "10.1007/s10585-025-10384-9", "pmid": "41269433", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Published data on the combination of immunotherapy and electrochemotherapy (ECT) consistently indicate a benefit in tumor response, but an important question, the optimal timing for combination, remains unclear. We investigated the impact of the timing of the ECT/immunotherapy combination. A cohort of 170 stage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9af86aa30bb5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Tumor-Draining Lymph Node-Targeted Electrochemotherapy: A Hypothesis for In Situ Cancer Vaccination", "authors": "Mahdavi et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines13112746", "pmid": "41301839", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy by enhancing T-cell-mediated anti-tumor responses in solid malignancies. However, their efficacy is often limited by tumor-specific factors, T-cell dysfunction in cold tumors, or in the presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Moreover, clinical trials indicate no significant survival advantage of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) over no lymph node surgery in early-stage cancers, highlighting the need for novel combinatorial approaches to improve treatment outcomes. Tumor electrochemotherapy (ECT) can overcome immunosuppressive barriers in the tumor microenvironment by applying high electric fields that create transient micropores in cell membranes. This allows the enhanced uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs, resulting in increased cytotoxicity and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This triggers immunogenic cell death (ICD), a process that signals immune cells to attack cancer and promotes tumor regression. Considering advancements in lymphatic-targeted therapies and the immunostimulatory potential of uninvolved tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs), TDLN-targeted ECT may act as an in situ cancer vaccination, activating immune cells within TDLNs through the release of DAMPs and serving as a hub to orchestrate systemic anti-tumor immunity. In patients with negative preoperative lymph node assessments, this approach may preserve lymph node integrity and lymphatic drainage while eradicating tumor cell colonies. When applied as neoadjuvant therapy before any TDLN treatment, TDLN-targeted ECT may leverage higher tumor-associated antigen loads, foster persistent immune memory, and reduce the risk of post-operative immune evasion.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b057166b7c80", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Locoregional Treatment of Bone Metastases in a Lung Cancer Patient: A Case Report Using Multiple Techniques: Electrochemotherapy, Cryoablation, and Cementoplasty", "authors": "Fiore et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Reports (MDPI)", "doi": "10.3390/reports9020172", "pmid": "42347085", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background and Clinical Significance : Bone involvement is a common and debilitating manifestation of advanced malignancies, with a substantial negative impact on patients' functional status, quality of life, and overall prognosis. Management is primarily palliative and may include several locoregional approaches such as radiotherapy, surgical stabilization, cementoplasty, thermal or cryoablation, and high-intensity focused ultrasound. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an emerging non-thermal ablative technique that combines limited invasiveness with short procedural times and a favorable safety profile. Case Presentation : We report the case of a patient with oligometastatic lung cancer presenting with a painful rib metastasis refractory to radiotherapy. The patient had previously undergone radiotherapy to the right femoral head and the eighth rib, followed by cryoablation combined with cementoplasty for the femoral lesion and cryoablation of the rib. At one-year follow-up after cryoablation combined with bone cementoplasty, computed tomography demonstrated progression with the appearance of a new symptomatic rib lesion unresponsive to further radiotherapy. Percutaneous ECT was therefore performed under general anesthesia, supplemented with an erector spinae plane block. A total of twelve 18-gauge needle electrodes were accurately positioned under fluoroscopic guidance. Follow-up imaging at three months showed complete local tumor resolution, accompanied by marked and sustained pain relief. Conclusions : This experience supports the role of ECT as an effective salvage locoregional treatment option in selected patients with bone metastases resistant to conventional therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d44168185765", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The effect of high frequency steep pulsed electric fields on in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficiency of ovarian cancer cell line skov3 and potential use in electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1186/1756-9966-28-53", "pmid": "19386105", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Patients received electrochemotherapy often associated with unpleasant sensations mainly result from low-frequency electric pulse induced muscle contractions. Increasing the repetition frequency of electric pulse can reduce unpleasant sensations. However, due to the specificity of SPEF, frequency related antitumor efficiency need to be further clarified. The aim of this study was to compare in vitro cytotoxic and in vivo antitumor effect on ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 by SPEF with different repetition frequencies. Explore potential benefits of using high frequency SPEF in order to be exploitable in electrochemotherapy. Methods: For in vitro experiment, SKOV3 cell suspensions were exposed to SPEF with gradient increased frequencies (1, 60, 1000, 5000 Hz) and electric field intensity (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 V/cm) respectively. For in vivo test, SKOV3 subcutaneous implanted tumor in BALB/c nude mice (nu/nu) were exposure to SPEF with gradient increased frequencies (1, 60, 1000, 5000 Hz) and fixed electric field intensity (250 V/cm) (7 mice for each frequency and 7 for control). Antitumor efficiency was performed by in vitro cytotoxic assay and in vivo tumor growth inhibition rate, supplemented by histological and TEM observations. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the comparisons of multiple groups. Results: SPEF with a given frequency and appropriate electric field intensity could achieve similar cytotoxicity until reached a plateau of maximum cytotoxicity (approx. 100%). SPEF with different frequencies had significant antitumor efficiency in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in tumor responses among test groups (P > 0.05). Histological and TEM observations demonstrated obvious cell damages in response to SPEF exposure. Furthermore, SPEF with 5 kHz could induce apoptosis under TEM observations both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: SPEF with high frequency could also achieve similar antitumor efficiency which can be used to reduce unpleasant sensations in tumor electrical treatment. Our research proposed potential applications of using high frequency SPEF in clinical cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec4ab8d7afba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Bipolar nanosecond electric pulses are less efficient at electropermeabilization and killing cells than monopolar pulses", "authors": "Ibey et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.004", "pmid": "24332942", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Multiple studies have shown that bipolar (BP) electric pulses in the microsecond range are more effective at permeabilizing cells while maintaining similar cell survival rates as compared to monopolar (MP) pulse equivalents. In this paper, we investigated whether the same advantage existed for BP nanosecond-pulsed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6d73d1e312ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Combination of therapy with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin with electroporation in human ovarian carcinoma model in vitro", "authors": "Saczko et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Biomed Pharmacother", "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2014.05.005", "pmid": "24975085", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "High electric field, applied to plasma membrane, affects organization of the lipid molecules, generating transient hydrophilic electropores. The application of the cell membrane electroporation in combination with cytotoxic drugs could increase the drug transport into cells. This approach is known as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3e2323300491", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The effectiveness of chemotherapy and electrochemotherapy on ovarian cell lines in vitro", "authors": "Saczko et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Neoplasma", "doi": "10.4149/315_150930N510", "pmid": "26925792", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The presented study aimed to evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of improvement standard chemotherapy with bleomycin by electroporation in two various ovarian cancer cell lines. Two human ovarian cell lines OvBH-1 and SKOV-3 were used. The lines were selected because of their resistance to several therapeutic methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6ee8b2df2762", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Dielectrophoresis study of temporal change in internal conductivity of single CHO cells after electroporation by pulsed electric fields", "authors": "Salimi et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Biomicrofluidics", "doi": "10.1063/1.4975978", "pmid": "28289483", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Applying sufficiently strong pulsed electric fields to a cell can permeabilize the membrane and subsequently affect its dielectric properties. In this study, we employ a microfluidic dielectrophoresis cytometry technique to simultaneously electroporate and measure the time-dependent dielectric response of single…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f954f575686c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Nanosecond range electric pulse application as a non-viral gene delivery method proof of concept", "authors": "Ruzgys et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-018-33912-y", "pmid": "30341389", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Current electrotransfection protocols are well-established for decades and, as a rule, employ long micro-millisecond range electric field pulses to facilitate DNA transfer while application of nanosecond range pulses is limited. The purpose of this paper is to show that the transfection using ultrashort pulses is possible by regulating the pulse repetition frequency. We have used 200 ns pulses (10-18 kV/cm) in bursts of ten with varied repetition frequency (1 Hz-1 MHz). The Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were used as a cell model. Experiments were performed using green fluorescent protein (GFP) and luciferase (LUC) coding plasmids. Transfection expression levels were evaluated using flow cytometry or luminometer. It was shown that with the increase of frequency from 100 kHz to 1 MHz, the transfection expression levels increased up to 17% with minimal decrease in cell viability. The LUC coding plasmid was transferred more efficiently using high frequency bursts compared to single pulses of equivalent energy. The first proof of concept for frequency-controlled nanosecond electrotransfection was shown, which can find application as a new non-viral gene delivery method.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5511c196f55b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Calcium Chloride and 17β-Estradiol Modulated Viability and Apoptosis Pathway in Human Ovarian Cancer", "authors": "Łapińska et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics13010019", "pmid": "33374223", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Estrogens (Es) play a significant role in the carcinogenesis and progression of ovarian malignancies. Depending on the concentration, Es may have a protective or toxic effect on cells. Moreover, they can directly or indirectly affect the activity of membrane ion channels. In the presented study, we investigated in vitro the effectiveness of the ovarian cancer cells (MDAH-2774) pre-incubation with 17β-estradiol (E 2 ; 10 µM) in the conventional chemotherapy (CT) and electrochemotherapy (ECT) with cisplatin or calcium chloride. We used three different protocols of electroporation including microseconds (µsEP) and nanoseconds (nsEP) range. The cytotoxic effect of the applied treatment was examined by the MTT assay. We used fluorescent staining and holotomographic imaging to observe morphological changes. The immunocytochemical staining evaluated the expression of the caspase-12. The electroporation process's effectiveness was analyzed by a flow cytometer using the Yo-Pro™-1 dye absorption assay. We found that pre-incubation of ovarian cancer cells with 17β-estradiol may effectively enhance the chemo- and electrochemotherapy with cisplatin and calcium chloride. At the same time, estradiol reduced the effectiveness of electroporation, which may indicate that the mechanism of increasing the effectiveness of ECT by E 2 is not related to the change of cell membrane permeability.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4eb418a2b21e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Senescence induction dictates response to chemo- and immunotherapy in preclinical models of ovarian cancer", "authors": "Paffenholz et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A", "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2117754119", "pmid": "35082152", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is a cancer with dismal prognosis due to the limited effectiveness of existing chemo- and immunotherapies. To elucidate mechanisms mediating sensitivity or resistance to these therapies, we developed a fast and flexible autochthonous mouse model based on somatic introduction of HGSOC-associated genetic alterations into the ovary of immunocompetent mice using tissue electroporation. Tumors arising in these mice recapitulate the metastatic patterns and histological, molecular, and treatment response features of the human disease. By leveraging these models, we show that the ability to undergo senescence underlies the clinically observed increase in sensitivity of homologous recombination (HR)-deficient HGSOC tumors to platinum-based chemotherapy. Further, cGas/STING-mediated activation of a restricted senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) was sufficient to induce immune infiltration and sensitize HR-deficient tumors to immune checkpoint blockade. In sum, our study identifies senescence propensity as a predictor of therapy response and defines a limited SASP profile that appears sufficient to confer added vulnerability to concurrent immunotherapy and, more broadly, provides a blueprint for the implementation of electroporation-based mouse models to reveal mechanisms of oncogenesis and therapy response in HGSOC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b2c0ade9e383", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The equivalence of different types of electric pulses for electrochemotherapy with cisplatin - an in vitro study", "authors": "Scuderi et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2024-0005", "pmid": "38378034", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a treatment involving the administration of chemotherapeutics drugs followed by the application of 8 square monopolar pulses of 100 μs duration at a repetition frequency of 1 Hz or 5000 Hz. However, there is increasing interest in using alternative types of pulses for ECT. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eb522103efbb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The additive effect of 17β-estradiol on the modulation of electrochemotherapy with calcium ions or cisplatin in human clear carcinoma cells", "authors": "Łapińska et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Biomed Pharmacother", "doi": "10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117708", "pmid": "39608316", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is an efficient approach for ovarian cancer treatment. It causes cell death by introducing elevated levels of calcium into cells. In this work, the research focused on two types of cell lines: CHO-K1, representing normal ovary cells, and OvBH-1, representing ovarian clear carcinoma cells. Those cell lines exhibited distinct reactions to calcium electroporation (CaEP). Also, we have evaluated the effects of 17β-estradiol following CaEP and electrochemotherapy (ECT) with cisplatin (CPP). The combination of ECT with CPP and CaEP with prior E 2 preincubation resulted in approximately 23.55 % and 39 % decreases in cell survival compared to the control cells (exposed to CPP and CaCl 2 alone) for ovarian cancer cells. The obtained results showed that ovarian cancer cells preincubated with 17β-estradiol after exposure to pulsed electric fields undergo primary necrosis. Additionally, preincubation of ovarian cancer cells with 17β-estradiol can significantly improve the effectiveness of both chemotherapy and electrochemotherapy involving cisplatin and calcium chloride.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-525f2c4a4414", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Increased Ovarian and Colorectal Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Platinum Drugs and innovative TS Inhibitors by Electroporation", "authors": "Marverti et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.64898/2026.05.21.726835", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Ovarian and colorectal cancers have the highest incidence and mortality in the world, after breast cancer. Despite the initial response to Pt-drugs or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), many cancer cells develop resistance to these drugs. For this reason, new therapeutic strategies represent an important medical need, in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-77fc5aceba07", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nanoelectroablation of human pancreatic carcinoma in a murine xenograft model without recurrence", "authors": "Nuccitelli et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Int J Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/ijc.27860", "pmid": "23001643", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We have identified an effective nanoelectroablation therapy for treating pancreatic carcinoma in a murine xenograft model. This therapy initiates apoptosis in a nonthermal manner by applying low energy electric pulses 100 ns long and 30 kV/cm in amplitude to the tumor. We first identified the minimum pulse number…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eb3893c81768", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nanosecond pulsed electric field stimulation of reactive oxygen species in human pancreatic cancer cells is Ca(2+)-dependent", "authors": "Nuccitelli et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.014", "pmid": "23680664", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The cellular response to 100 ns pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) exposure includes the formation of transient nanopores in the plasma membrane and organelle membranes, an immediate increase in intracellular Ca(2+), an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation and caspase activation. 100 ns, 30 kV/cm…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2001c0b61baf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Feasibility and Safety of Intraoperative Electrochemotherapy in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Tumor: A Preliminary Experience", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Eur J Inflamm", "doi": "10.1177/1721727X1401200308", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is an effective treatment for various cutaneous tumors and could be translated into treatment of deep-seated tumors. With this aim, a prospective clinical phase I/II study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and safety of intraoperative Electrochemotherapy (ECT) in locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: the preliminary results are reported in this study. The secondary endpoint was to assess treatment response in terms of morphological and functional criteria based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eleven consecutive patients were enrolled in a clinical phase I/II study approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation - IRCCS of Naples. Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin was performed during open surgery. All patients underwent MR and CT scan, before and after ECT treatment, using morphological and functional imaging. RECIST criteria were used to evaluate ECT response on CT and MR images. Functional parameters were also used to evaluate ECT response on MR images. No acute (intraoperative) and/or postoperative serious adverse events related to electrochemotherapy were observed; no clinically significant electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, or serum biologic changes were noted. No clinically relevant elevation of amylase or lipase levels was observed and no bleeding or damage to surrounding viscera occurred. Electrochemotherapy of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma proved to be a feasible and safe treatment modality. Dynamic and diffusion MR imaging is more suitable to assess ECT treatment response than CT imaging and morphological MR alone, after one month of treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-sa" }, { "id": "ref-2fb296bdaeb8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Feasibility and safety of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the pancreas a pre-clinical investigation", "authors": "Girelli et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2015-0013", "pmid": "26029026", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease generally refractory to standard chemotherapeutic agents; therefore improvements in anticancer therapies are mandatory. A major determinant of therapeutic resistance in PDAC is the poor drug delivery to neoplastic cells, mainly due to an extensive…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b0c1a9cbf4c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer Preliminary results", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.04.055", "pmid": "25917204", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: Report the preliminary results on electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer of a phase I/II study and described the new functional imaging tools to assess ECT response in Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging compared to morphological Computer Tomography (CT), ultrasound…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4649669dfedb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a new approach on pancreatic cancer and on liver metastases", "authors": "Tafuto et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.04.095", "pmid": "26123385", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a local non-thermal treatment for cancer ablation. Currently, many studies and case report have investigated the differences in effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with respect to tumor type, chemotherapeutic drug, and route of drug administration. ESOPE trial validated standard operating…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-77a3e25c872b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma treatment pre-clinical and clinical studies", "authors": "Bimonte et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0003", "pmid": "27069445", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is currently one of the deadliest cancers with high mortality rate. This disease leads to an aggressive local invasion and early metastases, and is poorly responsive to treatment with chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. Radical resection is still the only curative treatment for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8f4de5682131", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Early radiological assessment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v23.i26.4767", "pmid": "28765698", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Aim: To report early imaging assessment of ablated area post electrochemotherapy (ECT) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Methods: ECT was performed in 19 LAPC patients enrolled in an approved ongoing clinical phase I/II study. Before and after ECT, 18 patients underwent computed tomography…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6f2b36405c93", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_100", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is currently one of the deadliest cancers with high mortality rate. This disease leads to an aggressive local invasion and early metastases and is poorly responsive to treatment with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Radical resection is still the only curative treatment for pancreatic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5a17f6cfa209", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Expressional changes in stemness markers post electrochemotherapy in pancreatic cancer cells", "authors": "Ali et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.03.009", "pmid": "29574322", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers with high metastatic potential and strong chemoresistance. The capability of a tumor to grow and propagate is dependent on a small subset of cells within a tumor, termed cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells exhibit great tumorigenicity and are closely correlated with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-36c8fb3e2541", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation with Cisplatin against Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: In Vitro Study on Human Primary Cell Culture", "authors": "Michel et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Biomed Res Int", "doi": "10.1155/2018/7364539", "pmid": "29750170", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Despite the rapid progression of cancer pharmacotherapy, the high drug resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) makes it one of the most lethal malignancies. Therefore, there are high expectations associated with experimental therapies, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT). This technique involves the application of short electric pulses to induce transitional permeabilization of the cellular membrane, thus enhancing drug molecules influx. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of electroporation with cisplatin (CisEP) on the primary culture of human PDA cells from lung metastases-their survival and stress response. Considering the growing importance of various research models, two established human PDA cell lines, EPP85-181P (sensitive to daunorubicin) and EPP85-181RDB (resistant to daunorubicin), were utilized as a reference control. Cisplatin revealed higher cytotoxicity towards established cell lines. Following CisEP application, we observed a significant decrease of cells viability in the primary culture model. After CisEP therapy, an increased immunoreactivity with SOD-2 and Casp-3 antibodies was noticed. In conclusion, we discovered that electroporation can enhance the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro . This effect was evident for cells from the primary culture. The obtained results confirm the importance of primary cells models in studies on the efficacy of experimental cancer therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e693387b8553", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The favourable effect of catechin in electrochemotherapy in human pancreatic cancer cells", "authors": "Michel et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Acta Biochim Pol", "doi": "10.18388/abp.2018_2602", "pmid": "29796442", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Until recently, green tea polyphenols were considered strong antioxidants. However, the latest reports have revealed that bioflavonoids can play a multiple role in anticancer therapy, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and generation of the oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. The presented research was designed to examine the potential of the green tea (±)-catechin as a reinforcement of the electrochemotherapy (ECT) with cisplatin in pancreatic cancer in vitro. The study was performed on two cell lines of the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) - parental EPP85-181P and multidrug-resistant EPP85-181RNOV. Prior to the ECT protocol the cells were preincubated with high or low concentration of catechin for 2 or 24 hours, respectively. We assessed the influence of preincubation on the cisplatin toxicity with and without electroporation (EP), the electrosensitivity of PDA cell lines and the uptake of the daunorubicin and propidium iodide. Additionally, we evaluated the antioxidative properties of catechin by the measurement of the ROS-related fluorescence and the immunoreactivity of the oxidative stress-related enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). We found that co-treatment with catechin can firmly enhance the efficacy of electroporation with cisplatin in vitro. More favorable effect was obtained for 2-hour incubation, which indicates the involvement of the transcriptional-independent mechanisms of catechin action. The effect may be partially explained by the increased oxidative stress level, which was higher in multidrug-resistant cells. However, further studies on cisplatin-catechin interplay and the thorough examination of the catechin-cell membrane interaction need to be performed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8a7f0f2bac71", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy - Emerging applications technical advances, new indications, combined approaches, and multi-institutional collaboration", "authors": "Campana et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.11.023", "pmid": "30528893", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "The treatment of tumors with electrochemotherapy (ECT) has surged over the past decade. Thanks to the transient cell membrane permeabilization induced by the short electric pulses used by ECT, cancer cells are exposed to otherwise poorly permeant chemotherapy agents, with consequent increased cytotoxicity. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3d6f6b191fe8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Causes Caspase-Independent Necrotic-Like Death in Pancreatic Cancer Cells", "authors": "Fernandes et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11081177", "pmid": "31416294", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer represents a major challenge in oncology. Poor permeability of the pancreas and resistance to currently available therapies are impediments to improved patient survival. By transiently increasing cell membrane porosity and increasing drug uptake, Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has the potential to overcome these issues. In this study, we have evaluated the response of human and murine pancreatic cancer cells, in vitro, to electroporation in combination with Bleomycin, Cisplatin, or Oxaliplatin (ECT). The cytotoxic actions of all three drugs are potentiated when combined with electroporation in these cells. The biochemical and morphological changes post ECT are associated with immunogenic cell death that occurs with necroptosis rather than apoptosis. Moreover, ECT-induced cell death is rescued by Nec-1 suggesting that necroptosis may play a role in cell death mediated by cancer therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-489a35bc91c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Diffusion kurtosis imaging and conventional diffusion weighted imaging to assess electrochemotherapy response in locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2019-0004", "pmid": "30681974", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background The aim of the study was to evaluate diagnostic performance of functional parameters derived by conventional mono-exponential approach of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and by diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the assessment of pancreatic tumours treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT). Patients and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c7fb3a81b404", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraoperative electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: indications, techniques and results. A single centre experience", "authors": "Alberici et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Pancreatology", "doi": "10.1016/j.pan.2020.07.346", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-4051027467fe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraoperative electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: indications, techniques and results-a single-center experience", "authors": "Casadei et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Updates Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s13304-020-00782-x", "pmid": "32399592", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is usually treated with chemoradiotherapy with poor results. The aim of the study was to assess whether intraoperative electrochemotherapy could be proposed as additional therapy in treating LAPC. Methods: Observational study of patients affected by LAPC who…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4c68ca0cee4a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and Feasibility of Electrochemotherapy of the Pancreas in a Porcine Model", "authors": "Dežman et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Pancreas", "doi": "10.1097/MPA.0000000000001642", "pmid": "32898000", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objectives: The use of thermal ablative therapies in the pancreatic tumors is limited because of the risk of the vessel injury and potential pancreatitis or fistula formation. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an ablative therapy with an established role in the treatment of cutaneous and liver tumors. This study was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-54476db041fe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Assessment of Ablation Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer The Radiologist's Challenge", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2020.560952", "pmid": "33330028", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "This article provides an overview of imaging assessment of ablated pancreatic cancer. Only studies reporting radiological assessment on pancreatic ablated cancer were retained. We found 16 clinical studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Radiofrequency ablation and irreversible electroporation have become established treatment modalities because of their efficacy, low complication rates, and availability. Microwave Ablation (MWA) has several advantages over radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which may make it more attractive to treat pancreatic cancer. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a very interesting emerging technique, characterized by low complication rate and safety profile. According to the literature, the assessment of the effectiveness of ablative therapies is difficult by means of the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria that are not suitable to evaluate the treatment response considering that are related to technique used, the timing of reassessment, and the imaging procedure being used to evaluate the efficacy. RFA causes various appearances on imaging in the ablated zone, correlating to the different effects, such as interstitial edema, hemorrhage, carbonization, necrosis, and fibrosis. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) causes the creation of pores within the cell membrane causing cell death. Experimental studies showed that Diffusion Weigthed Imaging (DWI) extracted parameters could be used to detect therapy effects. No data about functional assessment post MWA is available in literature. Morphologic data extracted by Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) do not allow to differentiate partial, complete, or incomplete response after ECT conversely to functional parameters, obtained with Position Emission Tomography (PET), MRI, and CT.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-36d0b361b7ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comments on \"Electrochemotherapy with Irreversible Electroporation and FOLFIRINOX Improves Survival in Murine Models of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma\"", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-020-09183-1", "pmid": "33011913", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "We read with interest the article from Dr. Bhutiani and colleagues in Annals of Surgical Oncology,1 which reports their assessment of irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with chemotherapy as a treatment for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). We congratulate the authors for their accuracy in reporting the recently published manuscript about IRE in LAPC and in showing their results demonstrating that IRE and FOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, oxaliplatin) or gemcitabine decreases cell viability in vitro, decreases tumor cell proliferation, and improves overall survival compared with IRE or chemotherapy alone.2–4 However, we specify some aspects and report recent results about electrochemotherapy use in LAPC. Reversible and irreversible electroporation are two different methods of applying an electric field with the aim of permeabilizing the cell membrane and obtaining different effects.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-604f51928e8f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer An Emerging Treatment Modality", "authors": "He", "year": 2020, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-020-08791-1", "pmid": "32621091", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Ann Surg Oncol (2020) 27:4086–4087 https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-020-08791-1 EDITORIAL – PANCREATIC TUMORS Electrochemotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer: An Emerging Treatment Modality? Jin He, MD, PhD, FACS Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD Electrochemotherapy is defined as using electroporation to improve the delivery of chemotherapy drugs into cells.1 Since the 1990s, electrochemotherapy of cutaneous melanoma with bleomycin and cisplatin has achieved an objective response rate of 85%.2 However, its application to intra-abdominal malignancy has only been tested in the liver.3 Electrochemotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma has not been well established.4 Because of delayed diagnosis and early recurrence, pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been generally considered as a systemic disease.5 Local treatments alone, such as aggressive surgical resection or radiation therapy, can only help some patients with localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-bba937e5550a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Prospective Study to Assess Efficacy of Laparoscopic Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Izzo et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm10174011", "pmid": "34501459", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Eighty percent of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma present a locally advanced or metastatic disease at diagnosis and are not eligible for surgery if not with palliative intent. In cases of locally advanced disease (LAPC), the combination of chemo and radiotherapy is the only therapeutic option and correlates with a median survival of 15 months (10 months without treatment), with partial remission of disease in 50% of cases. The feasibility and safety of Electrochemotherapy (ECT) have been demonstrated in the treatment of deep tumors. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy (ECT) followed by conventional systemic treatment compared to the only conventional systemic treatment in LAPC in terms of objective response and overall survival. Patients and methods: This study is a phase IIb prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial with two arms. The study will include 90 patients: 45 in the control group and 45 in the experimental group. Patients with LAPC in the control arm will receive conventional chemotherapy (FOLFOXIRI). Patients with LAPC in the experimental arm will be subjected to Electrochemotherapy and subsequently to FOLFOXIRI. The objective response at 30, 90, and 180 days from treatment will be based on the computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), and positron emission tomography/CT response (PET/CT). The objective long-term treatment response will be evaluated with the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (m-RECIST) criteria, which will take into account the difference in vascularization, determined by the images obtained by CT and MR of the tumor treated before and after ECT. Conclusions: Not resectable liver metastasis, pancreatic tumors, and locally advanced renal carcinomas can be treated with laparoscopic electrodes. ECT could represent an effective therapeutic option for patients not eligible for surgery susceptible to be managed only with palliative therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a33a3880234e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Clinical Phase I/II Study: Local Disease Control and Survival in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Izzo et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm10061305", "pmid": "33810058", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To assess local disease control rates (LDCR) and overall survival (OS) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT). Methods: Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin was performed in 25 LAPC patients who underwent baseline Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or Computed Tomography (CT) and Position Emission Tomography (PET) scans before ECT and 1 and 6 months post ECT. LDCR were assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) and Choi criteria. Needle electrodes with fixed linear (N-30-4B) or fixed hexagonal configurations (N-30-HG or I-40-HG or H-30-ST) or variable geometry (VGD1230 or VGD1240) (IGEA S.p.A., Carpi, Italy) were used to apply electric pulses. Pain evaluation was performed pre-ECT, after 1 month and after 6 months with ECT. Overall survival estimates were calculated by means of a Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: At 1 month after ECT, 76% of patients were in partial response (PR) and 20% in stable disease (SD). Six months after ECT, 44.0% patients were still in PR and 12.0% in SD. A LDCR of 56.0% was reached six months after ECT: 13 patients treated with fixed geometry had a LDCR of 46.1%, while for the 12 patients treated with variable geometry, the LDCR was 66.7%. The overall survival median value was 11.5 months: for patients treated with fixed geometry the OS was 6 months, while for patients treated with variable geometry it was 12 months. Electrochemotherapy was well-tolerated and abdominal pain was rapidly resolved. Conclusions: Electrochemotherapy obtained good results in terms of LDCR and OS in LAPC. Multiple needle insertion in a variable geometry configuration optimized by pre-treatment planning determined an increase in LDCR and OS compared to a fixed geometry configuration.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-c0aaf558cd", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:1", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6cbf7887c70a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effects of calcium electroporation, electrochemotherapy, and irreversible electroporation on quality of life and progression-free survival in patients with pancreatic cancer: IREC clinical study", "authors": "Rudno-Rudzińska et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Adv Clin Exp Med", "doi": "10.17219/acem/139917", "pmid": "34313408", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background According to the National Cancer Registry, 3486 people (1744 men and 1742 women) were diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Poland in 2018, resulting in 4908 deaths (2396 men and 2512 women). The only chance of successful treatment is through surgical resection, which is possible in only 20-30% of patients (stage I, II and some stage III cases).The remaining 70-80% of patients are those with stage III and IV disease, for whom resection is not possible. Mean survival in these patients is approx. 10.4 months (stage III). In the recent decade, an innovative method called electroporation, which involves destabilization of the cell membrane, has been established. This process can be reversible (RE) or irreversible (IRE), and leads to cell death. The ability to change membrane permeability has led to the development of novel methods involving electrochemotherapy (ECT) and calcium electroporation (CaEP) to treat solid tumors. Objectives In this study, both ECT and CaEP will be used to treat pancreatic cancer patients with poor prognosis. For each patient, the best \"therapeutic moment\" for the procedure will be selected based on the therapeutic protocol. Material and methods Patients will receive reversible and irreversible electroporation (control arm-group A), CaEP (active arm-group B), or ECT with intravenous and intratumoral administration of bleomycin (active arm-group C) randomized 1:1:1. Results The primary endpoints will be progression-free survival (PFS) and patients' quality of life (QOL) assessed using the EORTC-PAN 26 scale. Secondary endpoints will be patient overall survival (OS), body weight, pain level, and levels of biomarkers such as Ca 19-9. Conclusion The Irreversible Electroporation, ELectrochemotherapy and Calcium electroporation (IREC) study is necessary to examine the safety and efficiency of irreversible electroporation, electrochemotherapy and calcium electroporation in pancreatic cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8b91f61e302a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Antitumor Effect and Immune Response of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields in Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Zhao et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2020.621092", "pmid": "33634030", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) have emerged as a novel and effective strategy for the non-surgical and minimally invasive removal of tumors. However, the effects of nsPEFs treatment on the tumor immune microenvironment remain unknown. In this study, the changes in the morphology and function of pancreatic cancer cells after nsPEFs were assessed and the modifications in the immune profile in pancreatic cancer models were investigated. To this end, electrodes were inserted with different parameters applied to ablate the targeted tumor tissues. Tumor development was found to be inhibited, with decreased volumes post-nsPEFs treatment compared with control tumors (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed morphological changes in pancreatic cancer cells, Ki-67 staining confirmed the effects of nsPEFs on tumor growth, and caspase-3 staining indicated that nsPEFs caused apoptosis in the early stages after treatment. Three days after nsPEFs, positron emission tomography demonstrated little residual metabolic activity compared with the control group. Gene expression profiling identified significant changes in immune-related pathways. After treatment with nsPEFs, CD8 + T lymphocytes increased. We showed that nsPEFs led to a significant decrease in immune suppressive cells, including myeloid derived suppressor cells, T regulatory cells, and tumor-associated macrophages. In addition, the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β increased (P < 0.05), while the level of IL-6 was decreased (P < 0.05). NsPEFs alleviated the immunosuppressive components in pancreatic cancer stroma, including hyaluronic acid and fibroblast activation protein-α. Our data demonstrate that tumor growth can be effectively inhibited by nsPEFs in vivo . NsPEFs significantly altered the infiltration of immune cells and triggered immune response.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4392b43d3d0a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Sunitinib potentiates the cytotoxic effect of electrochemotherapy in pancreatic carcinoma cells", "authors": "Bosnjak et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2022-0009", "pmid": "35344644", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: One of the new treatment options for unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer is electrochemotherapy (ECT), a local ablative therapy that potentiates the entry of chemotherapeutic drugs into the cells, by the application of an electric field to the tumor. Its feasibility and safety were demonstrated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-360febcc00b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Updates on the Treatment of Pancreatic Diseases: Focus on Surgery, Electrochemotherapy and Rituximab", "authors": "Coriat et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm11010239", "pmid": "35011980", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The pancreas plays an important role in the human body with its two main endocrine and exocrine functions [...].", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-864d25ae1dc2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Clinical Phase I/II Study: Local Disease Control and Survival in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Cutolo et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2021.12.223", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Adenocarcinoma, which originates in the ducts that carry digestive enzymes, is the most common and aggressive type of pancreatic cancers. Surgical resection is a potentially curative option but unfortunately, over 80% of patients have unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. The locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is defined as non-metastasized but unresectable disease due to involvement of the coeliac trunk or superior mesenteric artery (stage III disease) the aim of this study is to assess local disease control rates (LDCR) and overall survival (OS) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treated with electrochemotherapy (ECT). Materials and Methods: Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin was performed in 25 LAPC patients who underwent baseline Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or Computed Tomography (CT) and Position Emission Tomography (PET) scans before ECT and 1 and 6 months post ECT.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-c0aaf558cd", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:1", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ] }, { "id": "ref-2050423d7656", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comments on \"The beneficial role of electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer - radiological perspective\"", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Pol J Radiol", "doi": "10.5114/pjr.2022.123567", "pmid": "36643010", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Granata V, Palaia R, Izzo F. Comments on \"The beneficial role of electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer - radiological perspective\". Polish Journal of Radiology. 2022;87(1):668-669. doi:10.5114/pjr.2022.123567. APA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ebecb8ac6a86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF UNRESECTABLE PANCREATIC CANCER", "authors": "Kovalev", "year": 2022, "journal": "Modern Medical Technology", "doi": "10.34287/MMT.1(52).2022.8", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor with a poor prognosis and an extremely low 5-year survival rate. No more than 10% of patients have local cancer of the pancreas; in the rest, at the time of the initial diagnosis, it is already a systemic disease. In most patients, relapse occurs within the first 6 months…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9257994757c4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Benefitial role of electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer - radiological perspective", "authors": "Kozak et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Pol J Radiol", "doi": "10.5114/pjr.2022.112674", "pmid": "35140826", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) of locally advanced pancreatic cancer is an increasingly used method for unresectable pancreatic cancer that can be used in cytoreduction followed by surgical treatment and shows promising results in palliative care. IRE is an ablative technique where electric pulses cause damage to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-76c099a93bdd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The role of catechin in electroporation of pancreatic cancer cells - Effects on pore formation and multidrug resistance proteins", "authors": "Michel et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108199", "pmid": "35841647", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Catechin is a bioflavonoid known for its anti-cancer properties. In the present study, we combined theoretical and experimental approaches to reveal the potential of catechin application in the electroporation (EP) or electrochemotherapy (ECT) of pancreatic cancer cells. The molecular dynamics simulations were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bcb787db5224", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Reversible electrochemotherapy, a new hope for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Lauzana et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "European Journal of Surgical Oncology", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2022.11.441", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Studies that include long-term follow-up of endocrine function including serial volume of pancreas in patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy for peri-ampullary neoplasm are very rare due to the difficulty of measuring the volume of the pancreas. We aimed to evaluate the long-term pancreatic functional outcomes including pancreas-volumetry of pancreaticoduodenectomy for peri-ampullary neoplasms. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 355 consecutive patients with at least 12-month follow-up who underwent elective pancreaticoduodenectomy for peri-ampullary neoplasms in a single university hospital between January 2008 and December 2019. Perioperative and postoperative outcomes, long-term endocrine function of pancreas, and pancreatic volume changes at 12 months postoperatively were evaluated. Results: Mean age was 65.4 and sex ratio was 1.38 (Men, n¼206, 58.0%). The proportion of pre-diagnosed diabetes mellitus was 31.5% (n¼112).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ] }, { "id": "ref-ff5af1978ac8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Histologic changes of porcine portal vein anastomosis after electrochemotherapy with bleomycin", "authors": "Stupan et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108509", "pmid": "37459749", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT 1 ) is used for treatment of unresectable abdominal malignancies. This study aims to show that ECT of porcine portal vein anastomosis is safe and feasible in order to extend the indications for margin attenuation after resection of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma. No marked differences were found between the control group and ECT treated groups. Electroporation thus caused irreversible damage to the vascular smooth muscle cells in tunica media that could bedue to the narrow irreversible electroporation zone that may occur near the electrodes, or due to vasa vasorum thrombosis in the tunica externa. Based on the absence of vascular complications, and similar histological changes in lienal veinanastomosis, we can conclude that ECT of portal vein anastomosis is safe and feasible.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f8591de9ea9c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraoperative electrochemotherapy of the posterior resection surface after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Preliminary results of a hybrid approach treatment of pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Čebron et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108576", "pmid": "37748261", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Despite extensive research in recent decades, pancreatic cancer continues to be among the most lethal forms of cancer, with no substantial increase in survival rates. Local recurrences account for approximately 30 per cent of all disease recurrences. With the intent to improve survival, we designed a novel, hybrid treatment strategy consisting of surgical resection and additional intraoperative electrochemotherapy of the posterior resection surface. We present the study protocols and preliminary findings of a prospective pilot study investigating this treatment approach. Methods: Consenting patients with resectable pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. After surgical resection, electrochemotherapy with bleomycin was performed using plate electrodes to cover the area between anatomical landmarks. Results: Electrochemotherapy of the posterior resection surface was feasible in all 7 patients. We observed pancreatic fistula grade B in only one patient; all other noted complications were Clavien-Dindo grade 2 or less. The hospital mortality was 0%. Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that a hybrid approach combining surgery with intraoperative electrochemotherapy is safe and feasible.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ecbdbcb0a213", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "In Vitro Evaluation of Electrochemotherapy Combined with Sotorasib in Pancreatic Carcinoma Cell Lines Harboring Distinct KRAS Mutations", "authors": "Jesenko et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms26157165", "pmid": "40806294", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is among the deadliest malignancies, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Novel strategies are therefore urgently needed. Sotorasib, a KRAS G12C-specific inhibitor, offers targeted treatment for a small subset of patients with this mutation. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), which enhances the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents through electroporation-induced membrane permeabilization, has shown promise in various tumor types, including deep-seated malignancies such as pancreatic cancer. Combining ECT with sotorasib may potentiate antitumor effects in KRAS G12C-mutated pancreatic cancer; however, preclinical data on such combinations are lacking. This proof-of-concept study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of ECT using bleomycin (BLM) or cisplatin (CDDP) in combination with sotorasib in KRAS G12C -mutated MIA PaCa-2 and KRAS G12D -mutated PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines. ECT alone significantly reduced cell viability, particularly in MIA PaCa-2 cells, where electric pulses induced approximately 75% cell death. Combining ECT with sotorasib resulted in an additive effect on KRAS G12C -mutated MIA PaCa-2 cells, though no synergy was observed, likely due to the high intrinsic sensitivity to electric pulses. These results support the potential of combining physical and molecular therapies in a subset of pancreatic cancer patients and lay the groundwork for further in vivo studies to optimize treatment parameters and explore clinical translatability.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec1eac047c94", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation for the Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies", "authors": "Marcellier et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Clin Transl Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.14309/ctg.0000000000000911", "pmid": "40879173", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Electroporation-based therapies, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE), could be promising alternatives. ECT combines reversible electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-451e6d041524", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Systematic Review of Indications and Clinical Outcomes of Electrochemotherapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Rompianesi et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17030408", "pmid": "39941777", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most difficult cancers to treat, with a dismal 5-year survival rate of only 8-10%. This challenging prognosis highlights the urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes for patients with PDAC. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), which enhances intracellular chemotherapeutic uptake via electric pulses, has been explored for resectable, borderline resectable (BR), locally advanced (LA), recurrent, and metastatic PDAC, either as a complement to conventional treatments or as an alternative when these are not feasible or effective, offering possible benefits in symptomatic palliation and local tumor control. Methods: A systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines for studies assessing the efficacy of ECT in PDAC. After searching Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, five studies with a combined total of 43 patients in various disease stages were identified. Results: ECT showed promise in improving tumor control, alleviating cancer-related pain, and improving quality of life. One study noted a trend towards tumor size reduction of 8.3% at one-month and 16.1% at six-months follow-up ( p = 0.211 and p = 0.315), although these findings were derived from studies conducted without specific comparative control groups. Severity of complication was mainly mild (Clavien-Dindo I-II), while severe complications occurred in only 2.3% of patients. Median overall survival was reported in two studies as 8 months (range 2-19) and 11.5 months (range 1-74). ECT showed efficacy for symptom management, with 60% of patients reporting reduced pain/discomfort and 40% showing enhanced quality of life in one study, while another reported pain scores as decreasing from 6 to 3 at one month and to 2 at six months. Conclusions: ECT appears to be a new promising and safe adjunct treatment modality in PDAC management across different disease stages, with potential benefits in tumor control, cancer-related pain reduction, and quality of life. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and identify patients who could benefit most.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5a10aa6b182e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Endoscopic Immuno-Oncology A New Frontier in Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Vemulapalli", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17132091", "pmid": "40647392", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, largely due to late diagnosis, limited surgical options, and profound resistance to systemic therapies, all of which contribute to a five-year survival rate of approximately 9%. The dense, hypoxic, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC plays a critical role in immune evasion and therapeutic failure. As conventional immunotherapies have shown limited efficacy in PDAC, attention has shifted toward local interventions capable of remodeling the TME to enhance immune responsiveness. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided ablative therapies have emerged as promising strategies to overcome these barriers. A range of modalities-including irreversible electroporation, microwave ablation, photodynamic therapy, and cryoablation-are under investigation. Among these, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) stands out as the most promising therapy as it not only induces direct tumor cytoreduction but also promotes antigen release, triggers immunogenic cell death, and may work synergistically with systemic therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and adenosine pathway blockade. This review aims to explore the evolving role of endoscopic ablative therapies with a focus on RFA as a potential platform for immune activation in pancreatic cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d034f052ea71", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Histological evaluation of the effects of electropermeabilization after administration of bleomycin on bladder cancer in the rat", "authors": "Kubota et al", "year": 1998, "journal": "Eur Urol", "doi": "10.1159/000019743", "pmid": "9748689", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the usefulness of an electropermeabilization method in the administration of a chemotherapeutic agent in bladder cancer in the rat. Materials and methods: N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine was used to induce bladder tumors in Wistar rats. Rats in group 1 were given…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fadec80ef8fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Increased doxorubicin uptake and toxicity in multicellular tumour spheroids treated with DC electrical fields", "authors": "Sauer et al", "year": 1999, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/sj.bjc.6690487", "pmid": "10376973", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new approach to the treatment of tumours. In the present study, multicellular prostate tumour spheroids were treated with non-lethal direct current (DC) electrical fields, and uptake and toxicity of doxorubicin were investigated. An electrical field with a field strength of 500 Vm(-1)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e3f179899b84", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "In-vitro and in-vivo studies of the efficacy of electrochemotherapy for renal cell carcinoma", "authors": "Mitsui et al", "year": 2000, "journal": "Int J Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/PL00012054", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background. We aimed to assess a new approach to cancer therapy, using pulsed electric fields to facilitate the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Methods. We investigated the cytotoxic effects on renal cell carcinoma of combinations of some well established anticancer drugs with electrical impulses, both in vitro…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5f477fe1ab1a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prostate stem cell antigen DNA vaccination breaks tolerance to self-antigen and inhibits prostate cancer growth", "authors": "Ahmad et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Mol Ther", "doi": "10.1038/mt.2009.66", "pmid": "19337234", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is a cell surface antigen expressed in normal human prostate and over expressed in prostate cancer. Elevated levels of PSCA protein in prostate cancer correlate with increased tumor stage/grade, with androgen independence and have higher expression in bone metastases. In this study…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e6f2eb2dd66", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Effect of electroporation-mediated diphtheria toxin A expression on PSA positive human prostate xenograft tumors in SCID mice", "authors": "Goepfert et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Prostate", "doi": "10.1002/pros.21303", "pmid": "21456069", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Current therapies to treat prostate cancer are often limited. Since it has been shown that very low concentrations of diphtheria toxin A (DT-A) result in abrogation of protein synthesis and apoptosis of cells, DT-A might serve as an efficient killer in cancer gene therapy. For this purpose we investigated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3783f7478d4c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Duration and level of transgene expression after gene electrotransfer to skin in mice", "authors": "Gothelf et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Gene Ther", "doi": "10.1038/gt.2010.35", "pmid": "20376097", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "In development of novel vaccines, attention is drawn to DNA vaccinations. They are heat stable and can be easily produced. Gene electrotransfer is a simple and nonviral means of transferring DNA to cells and tissues and is attracting increasing interest. One very interesting perspective with gene electrotransfer is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e8eb03c1b153", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation enhances mitomycin C cytotoxicity on T24 bladder cancer cell line: a potential improvement of intravesical chemotherapy in bladder cancer", "authors": "Vásquez et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2012.08.001", "pmid": "22940093", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Intravesical mitomycin instillation combined with electric pulses is being used experimentally for the treatment of T1 bladder tumors, in patients unfit for surgery. Electroporation may enhance the uptake of chemotherapeutics by permeabilization of cell membranes. We investigated if electroporation improves the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d02db8fecb49", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal therapy of prostate cancer energies and procedures", "authors": "Bozzini et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Urol Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.urolonc.2012.05.011", "pmid": "22795500", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Over the last years, focal therapy has emerged as an intermediate management technique between radical approaches (radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation, and brachytherapy) and watchful waiting to manage some early stage prostate cancers (CaP). Different energy modalities are being developed. The aim…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-45f1e75d6566", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Dose-dependent ATP depletion and cancer cell death following calcium electroporation, relative effect of calcium concentration and electric field strength", "authors": "Hansen et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0122973", "pmid": "25853661", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation, a method for increasing the permeability of membranes to ions and small molecules, is used in the clinic with chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment (electrochemotherapy). Electroporation with calcium causes ATP (adenosine triphosphate) depletion and cancer cell death and could be a novel cancer treatment. This study aims at understanding the relationship between applied electric field, calcium concentration, ATP depletion and efficacy. Methods: In three human cell lines--H69 (small-cell lung cancer), SW780 (bladder cancer), and U937 (leukaemia), viability was determined after treatment with 1, 3, or 5 mM calcium and eight 99 μs pulses with 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 or 1.6 kV/cm. Fitting analysis was applied to quantify the cell-killing efficacy in presence of calcium. Post-treatment intracellular ATP was measured in H69 and SW780 cells. Post-treatment intracellular ATP was observed with fluorescence confocal microscopy of quinacrine-labelled U937 cells. Results: Both H69 and SW780 cells showed dose-dependent (calcium concentration and electric field) decrease in intracellular ATP (p<0.05) and reduced viability. The 50% effective cell kill was found at 3.71 kV/cm (H69) and 3.28 kV/cm (SW780), reduced to 1.40 and 1.15 kV/cm (respectively) with 1 mM calcium (lower EC50 for higher calcium concentrations). Quinacrine fluorescence intensity of calcium-electroporated U937 cells was one third lower than in controls (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Calcium electroporation dose-dependently reduced cell survival and intracellular ATP. Increasing extracellular calcium allows the use of a lower electric field. General significance: This study supports the use of calcium electroporation for treatment of cancer and possibly lowering the applied electric field in future trials.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-07a92e4513b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments on Electrochemotherapy for Bladder Cancer", "authors": "Vásquez et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.juro.2014.09.039", "pmid": "25245485", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Electrochemotherapy is widely performed to treat solid tumors but experience with bladder cancer is limited. We investigated mitomycin C and cisplatin administered with electrochemotherapy for bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: The human bladder cancer cell line SW780 was used. Cells…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca91a2c84836", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Effect of calcium electroporation in combination with metformin in vivo and correlation between viability and intracellular ATP level after calcium electroporation in vitro", "authors": "Frandsen", "year": 2017, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0181839", "pmid": "28742810", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Calcium electroporation is a new experimental anti-cancer treatment where calcium is internalized into cells by application of short, high voltage pulses. Calcium electroporation has been shown to induce tumor necrosis associated with ATP depletion while the effect on normal fibroblasts was limited when investigated in a 3D in vitro spheroid model. We aimed to investigate the effect of calcium electroporation in combination with metformin, a drug that affects intracellular ATP level. We also aimed to study the relationship between the viability and intracellular ATP levels after calcium electroporation in vitro. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of calcium electroporation with metformin on NMRI-Foxn1nu mice in vivo on tumor size, survival, and intracellular ATP. We further investigated viability and intracellular ATP level in vitro after calcium electroporation in two human cancer cell lines: Breast (MDA-MB231) and colon (HT29), and in normal human fibroblasts (HDF-n), as well as investigating viability in human bladder cancer cells (SW780) and human small cell lung cancer cells (H69) where we have previously published intracellular ATP levels. Results: Calcium electroporation significantly reduced the size and ATP level of bladder cancer tumors treated in vivo but no increased effect of metformin combined with calcium electroporation was shown on neither tumor size, survival, nor ATP level. Calcium electroporation in vitro significantly decreased viability compared with calcium alone (p<0.0001 for calcium concentrations from 0.5 mM for H69, HDF-n, and MDA-MB231; p<0.0001 for calcium concentrations from 1 mM for HT29 and SW780). Intracellular ATP levels decreased significantly after calcium electroporation (p<0.05), however no correlation between intracellular ATP level and viability after treatment was observed. Conclusion: Calcium electroporation caused reduced tumor size, increased survival, and acute ATP depletion in vivo. This effect was not augmented by metformin. Calcium electroporation is a possible novel anti-cancer treatment that has been shown to cause cell death associated with acute ATP depletion in vitro and in vivo.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d73b48b3e269", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prostate cancer infiltrating the bladder sphincter successfully treated with Electrochemotherapy: a case report", "authors": "Klein et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Clin Case Rep", "doi": "10.1002/ccr3.1270", "pmid": "29225870", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "We demonstrate feasibility and safety of Electrochemotherapy for treatment of a prostate cancer (PCa) with infiltration of the urethral sphincter. The patient remained continent and potent, toxicity was low, and 6 months of follow-up showed no cancer activity. We conclude that Electrochemotherapy should be further evaluated as treatment strategy for locally advanced PCa.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f85e5d6dacb3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Reversible Electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a Treatment Option for Local RCC Recurrence in Solitary Kidney", "authors": "Andresciani et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-020-02498-2", "pmid": "32415331", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "A 61-year-old female underwent a right radical nephrectomy and a left nephron sparing surgery in 2014 due to renal cell carcinoma. A renal cell carcinoma local recurrence, 28 mm in size, centrally located in the left kidney was treated using cryoablation in 2016. In November 2018, computed tomography (CT) scan showed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-06558382c3d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "In Vitro Study of Calcium Microsecond Electroporation of Prostate Adenocarcinoma Cells", "authors": "Kiełbik", "year": 2020, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules25225406", "pmid": "33227916", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, applied as a non-thermal ablation method has proven to be effective for focal prostate treatment. In this study, we performed pre-clinical research, which aims at exploring the specific impact of this so-called calcium electroporation on prostate cancer. First, in an in-vitro study of DU 145 cell lines, microsecond electroporation (μsEP) parameters were optimized. We determined hence the voltage that provides both high permeability and viability of these prostate cancer cells. Subsequently, we compared the effect of μsEP on cells' viability with and without calcium administration. For high-voltage pulses, the cell death's mechanism was evaluated using flow-cytometry and confocal laser microscopy. For lower-voltage pulses, the influence of electroporation on prostate cancer cell mobility was studied using scratch assays. Additionally, we applied calcium-binding fluorescence dye (Fluo-8) to observe the calcium uptake dynamic with the fluorescence microscopy. Moreover, the molecular dynamics simulation visualized the process of calcium ions inflow during μsEP. According to our results calcium electroporation significantly decreases the cells viability by promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, our data shows that the application of pulsed electric fields disassembles the actin cytoskeleton and influences the prostate cancer cells' mobility.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ccb0dd43579b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation-Based Treatments in Urology", "authors": "Kiełbik et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12082208", "pmid": "32784598", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The observation that an application of a pulsed electric field (PEF) resulted in an increased permeability of the cell membrane has led to the discovery of the phenomenon called electroporation (EP). Depending on the parameters of the electric current and cell features, electroporation can be either reversible or irreversible. The irreversible electroporation (IRE) found its use in urology as a non-thermal ablative method of prostate and renal cancer. As its mechanism is based on the permeabilization of cell membrane phospholipids, IRE (as well as other treatments based on EP) provides selectivity sparing extracellular proteins and matrix. Reversible EP enables the transfer of genes, drugs, and small exogenous proteins. In clinical practice, reversible EP can locally increase the uptake of cytotoxic drugs such as cisplatin and bleomycin. This approach is known as electrochemotherapy (ECT). Few in vivo and in vitro trials of ECT have been performed on urological cancers. EP provides the possibility of transmission of genes across the cell membrane. As the protocols of gene electrotransfer (GET) over the last few years have improved, EP has become a well-known technique for non-viral cell transfection. GET involves DNA transfection directly to the cancer or the host skin and muscle tissue. Among urological cancers, the GET of several plasmids encoding prostate cancer antigens has been investigated in clinical trials. This review brings into discussion the underlying mechanism of EP and an overview of the latest progress and development perspectives of EP-based treatments in urology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b9b525dea113", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Effects of high-frequency nanosecond pulses on prostate cancer cells", "authors": "Kiełbik et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-95180-7", "pmid": "34349171", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation with pulsed electric fields show a potential to be applied as an experimental focal therapy of tumors. Sub-microsecond regime of electric pulses displays unique electrophysical features operative in cells and membranes. Recently, MHz compression of nanosecond pulses electric fields (nsPEFs) bursts proved to enhance the effectiveness of the therapy. High morbidity of prostate cancer (PCa) and risk of overtreatment associated with this malignancy call for new minimal-invasive treatment alternative. Herein we present the in vitro study for developing applications based on this new technology. In this study, we used flow cytometric analysis, cell viability assay, caspase activity analysis, wound healing assay, confocal microscopy study, and immunofluorescence to investigate the biological effect of high-frequency nsPEFs on PCa cells. Our results show that high-frequency nsPEFs induces the permeabilization and cell death of PCa cells. The cytotoxicity is significantly enhanced in MHz compression of pulses and with the presence of extracellular Ca 2+ . High-frequency nsPEFs trigger changes in PCa cells' cytoskeleton and their mobility. The presented data show a therapeutic potential of high-frequency nsPEFs in a PCa setting. The sub-microsecond regime of pulses can potentially be applied in nanosecond electroporation protocols for PCa treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-113943dee214", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin as local treatment of bladder cancer in dogs", "authors": "Rangel et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-023-45433-4", "pmid": "38030630", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Local treatment of canine urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder is a challenge. More than 90% of the cases invade the muscular layer, more than 50% develop on bladder sites with a difficult surgical approach and often requiring radical surgical procedures. This study aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with intravenous bleomycin (BLM) as a local therapy for bladder UC. This prospective study included 21 dogs with spontaneous bladder UC. Regional/distant metastases and neoplastic infiltration of the serosa was considered the main exclusion criteria. We had no deaths during ECT or in the immediate postoperative period, and no suture dehiscence. Most dogs (19/21) developed mild adverse effects, whereas two dogs developed ureteral stenosis. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 62% of the cases (13/21), while partial response (PR) was achieved in 24% (5/21). The median survival and disease-free survival times were 284 and 270 days, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the dogs who achieved a CR. In conclusion, ECT was well-tolerated in dogs with UC, demonstrating its safety and feasibility. These data pave the way for new studies aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of ECT in canine bladder UC as a translational model for human disease.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-e664364cef", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:rangel", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c8dfdd4770b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin as local treatment of bladder cancer in dogs", "authors": "Rangel et al", "year": 2023, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-2658010/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Local treatment of canine urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder is a challenge. More than 90% of cases arise as muscle-invasive tumors, with more than 50% developing on bladder sites with a difficult surgical approach often requiring radical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with intravenous bleomycin (BLM) as selective local therapy for bladder UC. This prospective study included 21 dogs with spontaneous bladder UC. Neoplastic infiltration in the serosa layer was considered the main exclusion criterion. No patient died during ECT or in the immediate postoperative period, and no patient presented with suture dehiscence. Most dogs (19/21) developed mild adverse effects, whereas two dogs developed ureteral stenosis. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 62% of the dogs (13/21), while partial response (PR) was achieved in 24% (5/21). The mean survival and disease-free survival times were 420 and 405 days, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the patients who achieved CR. ECT was well-tolerated in dogs with UC, demonstrating its safety and feasibility. These data pave the way for new studies aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of ECT in canine bladder UC as a translational model for human disease.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-e664364cef", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:rangel", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-09099bcd54ab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The use of focal therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer in Canada Where are we, how did we get here, and where are we going?", "authors": "Kumar et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Can Urol Assoc J", "doi": "10.5489/cuaj.8888", "pmid": "39418491", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Focal therapy is an emerging treatment for localized prostate cancer (PCa). The objectives of this review were to: 1) review how focal therapies are regulated and approved; 2) summarize the scope and quality of the literature regarding safety, efficacy, and side-effects; and 3) outline ongoing clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3c4f87d2e8af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Synergistic Strategies in Prostate Cancer Therapy: Electrochemotherapy and Electromagnetic Hyperthermia", "authors": "Vizcarra-Ramos et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Pharmaceutics", "doi": "10.3390/pharmaceutics16091109", "pmid": "39339147", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Prostate cancer is a significant global health problem, being the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of death in men worldwide. Standard chemotherapy, though effective, often lacks selectivity for tumor cells, resulting in dose-limiting side effects. To address this, innovative biomedical approaches such as electrochemotherapy and electromagnetic hyperthermia have emerged. Electrochemotherapy improves drug delivery by facilitating electroporation, thereby increasing intracellular concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents. This approach reduces dosages and associated adverse effects. Meanwhile, electromagnetic hyperthermia raises the temperature of tumor cells, enhancing their sensitivity to chemotherapy. While previous research has demonstrated the inhibitory effects of magnetic hyperthermia on prostate cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo, and its synergy with chemotherapy has shown enhanced tumor remission, limited studies have focused on electrochemotherapy alone or in combination with hyperthermia in prostate cancer models. This study aims to assess the synergistic effects of electromagnetic hyperthermia, with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and electrochemotherapy, with electroporation and the chemotherapeutic drugs bleomycin and cisplatin, on the prostate cancer-derived cell line DU-145/GFP and prostate-derived cell line RWPE-1. Results indicate enhanced cytotoxicity with both treatments (bleomycin and cisplatin) by adding electroporation, demonstrating a particularly pronounced effect with bleomycin. Combining electroporation with hyperthermia significantly augments cytotoxicity. Moreover, electroporation effectively reduced the time of exposure to electromagnetic hyperthermia while magnifying its cytotoxic effects. Future research in in vivo trials may reveal additional insights into the combined effects of these therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-19a5e2404229", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Multiparametric MRI before and after Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Pearls and Pitfalls for the Reporting Radiologist", "authors": "Lai", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Imaging Cancer", "doi": "10.1148/rycan.240269", "pmid": "39982208", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "In this era of personalized precision medicine, the accuracy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and targeted biopsy in helping detect low-volume clinically significant prostate cancer has rekindled interest in focal therapy for primary prostate cancer. Such therapy may reduce the debilitating morbidity of radical whole-gland treatment. Post-focal therapy mpMRI surveillance is critical for assessing oncologic efficacy. Radiologists interpreting post-focal therapy mpMRI must be familiar with expected posttreatment changes and pitfalls in assessing posttreatment recurrence. In this review, the authors present their experience with mpMRI before and after focal therapy. While cryotherapy and irreversible electroporation are the primary modalities of focal therapy offered in their institution, the authors aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the more common focal therapy modalities in use. Pertinent considerations of mpMRI in pretreatment patient selection and treatment planning are discussed. The recently proposed standardized post-focal therapy assessment systems, Prostate Imaging after Focal Ablation (ie, PI-FAB) and Transatlantic Recommendations for Prostate Gland Evaluation with MRI after Focal Therapy (ie, TARGET), as well as pearls and pitfalls in the detection of tumor recurrence and medium- and long-term mpMRI surveillance of the post-focal therapy prostate, are also discussed. This review aims to provide a valuable reference for radiologists involved in the care of patients in the evolving field of prostate cancer focal therapy. Keywords: MR Imaging, Urinary, Prostate, Neoplasms-Primary, Focal Therapy, Prostate Cancer, MRI, Surveillance, Tumor Recurrence Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6d634fe6d6dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prostate cancer treatment with electrochemotherapy (ECT): safety, efficacy and clinical experience in 144 patients", "authors": "Stevanovic et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0061", "pmid": "41401060", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common cancer in men in developed countries. PCa treatment depends on the disease's stage; focal therapy provides an intermediate approach, with lower toxicity compared to radical prostatectomy, and better tumor control than active surveillance. We report the first retrospective…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-39658ea2c84c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The Physicochemical Synergy Effect of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields (nsPEF) and cisplatin on reversing chemoresistance of bladder cancer", "authors": "Guo", "year": 2026, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0346699", "pmid": "41990096", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "DNA Hasarı ve Çift Zincir Kırıkları" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field (nsPEF) is an intense electrical pulse technology with ultra-short duration (nanoseconds), capable of generating electric field intensities up to several kV/cm. By inducing irreversible electroporation for tumor tissue ablation, nsPEF triggers apoptosis in cancer cells, stimulates anti-tumor immune responses, and enhances exogenous gene transfection. As a primarily non-thermal technique, it offers advantages such as minimal tissue damage, high targeting efficiency, short treatment duration, and compatibility with other therapies. Currently demonstrating broad application potential in cancer treatment. Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma (UBC), accounting for over 90% of bladder cancers, originates from the transitional epithelium of the bladder's urothelium and represents the most common malignant tumor in the urinary system. Cisplatin (CDDP), a key chemotherapeutic agent for UBC, is particularly effective for recurrent or advanced-stage patients. However, repeated use often leads to drug resistance. This study investigates the cytotoxic effects of nsPEF on UBC cells and its inhibitory mechanisms against drug-resistant UBC. Through sustained gradient concentration induction of CDDP, we successfully established drug-resistant cell lines T24/CDDP and TCC/CDDP. After treatment with nsPEF on parental cell lines (T24, TCC) and their drug-resistant variants (T24/CDDP, TCC/CDDP), all cells exhibited time-and dose-dependent sensitivity. Western blot analysis revealed that the basal expression of γ-H2AX was significantly reduced in the drug-resistant cells (T24/CDDP, TCC/CDDP), while nsPEF treatment significantly upregulated its expression. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that nsPEF exhibited significant antitumor efficacy against tumor-bearing mice from T24/CDDP. Overall, nsPEF effectively induces apoptosis in T24, TCC, and their drug-resistant variants, with particularly potent effects on drug-resistant UBC cells. This enhanced effect may be attributed to nsPEF-induced more severe DNA damage in drug-resistant cells, as manifested by elevated γ-H2AX expression.. This study provides experimental evidence for applying nsPEF to overcome chemotherapy resistance in UBC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e3bca687436b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "The Use of Bleomycin for Sclerotherapy in Lymphatic and Venous Malformations", "authors": "Keuker", "year": 2010, "journal": "Journal of Radiology Nursing", "doi": "10.1016/j.jradnu.2010.04.006", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Venous malformations are congenital anomalies of the vascular system. The injection of bleomycin (a cytotoxic, antitumour drug) into the lesion is a safe and effective treatment for low-flow (venous and lymphatic) malformations, but its use systemically has been associated with pulmonary fibrosis. Intralesional…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d48aab45f4fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Effect of electrochemotherapy in treating patients with venous malformations", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Chin J Integr Med", "doi": "10.1007/s11655-013-1450-6", "pmid": "23494329", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of electrochemotherapy in treating venous malformations. Methods: Electrochemotherapy was applied to 665 patients with venous malformations of limbs and trunk, and 505 cases were followed up for half to 6 years. In this study, 228 male and 277 female patients were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-549591cd9311", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "The safety and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine during electrochemotherapy for facial vascular malformation: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Oral Maxillofac Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.joms.2013.06.202", "pmid": "23945510", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Intranasal dexmedetomidine is noninvasive and has been reported as premedication for children undergoing surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine during electrochemotherapy for facial vascular malformation under local anesthesia. Materials and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0e8ae385ce0f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrosclerotherapy for capillary malformations: study protocol for a randomised within-patient controlled pilot trial", "authors": "Horbach et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016401", "pmid": "29138199", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The current state-of-the-art treatment modality for hypertrophic capillary malformations (CMs), laser therapy, has a considerable rate of non-responders and recurrence. Intralesional bleomycin injections (or 'sclerotherapy') are commonly used to treat venous and lymphatic malformations with an excellent…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "filled", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-874d173890fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Correction: Electrosclerotherapy for capillary malformations: study protocol for a randomised within-patient controlled pilot trial", "authors": "Anon", "year": 2018, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016401corr1", "pmid": "29374680", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-4e566211e018", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Management of vascular malformations: Diagnosis, treatment strategies and outcome measurement", "authors": "Horbach SER", "year": 2018, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "The current state of the art treatment modality for hypertrophic capillary malformations, laser therapy, has a considerable rate of non-responders and recurrence. Intralesional bleomycin injections (or ‘sclerotherapy’) are commonly used to treat venous and lymphatic malformations with an excellent effect, but these intravascular injections are not possible in capillary malformations due to the small diameter of the vessels. Electroporation - an electric field applied to the tissue - could increase the permeability of endothelial cells, which could theoretically facilitate targeted localized bleomycin delivery. We therefore hypothesize that bleomycin injections in combination with electroporation -‘electrosclerotherapy’ (EST), also known as ‘electrochemotherapy’- could potentially be a novel alternative treatment option for CMs. Methods and analysis: In this randomized within-patient controlled pilot trial, 20 patients with hypertrophic CMs will be enrolled.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "Doktora tezi, Universiteit van Amsterdam; UvA-DARE depo kaydı, 19 sayfa", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-2499d40477", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:horbachser", "yil-farki:1" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-a551f22504b9", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Management of Vascular Malformations: Diagnosis, Treatment Strategies and Outcome Measurement", "authors": "Horbach SER", "year": 2019, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "MANAGEMENT OF VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS SOPHIE E.R. HORBACH MANAGEMENT OF UITNODIGING Voor het bijwonen van de openbare verdediging van het proefschrift MANAGEMENT OF VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT STRATEGIES & OUTCOME MEASUREMENT SOPHIE HORBACH Op 29 juni 2018 om 10:00 in de Agnietenkapel, Oudezijds Voorburgwal 231, Amsterdam Na afloop van de promotie bent u van harte uitgenodigd op de receptie ter plaatse SOPHIE E.R. HORBACH PARANIMFEN Fleur Horbach fleurhorbach@ gmail.com 0612136285 Rosanne Geesink rosannegeesink@hotmail.com 0613626300 DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT STRATEGIES & OUTCOME MEASUREMENT MANAGEMENT OF VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT STRATEGIES & OUTCOME MEASUREMENT SOPHIE E.R.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "Doktora tezi, Amsterdam UMC; 425 sayfa", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-2499d40477", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:horbachser", "yil-farki:1" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-81189e6ac901", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "New Treatment Option for Capillary Lymphangioma Bleomycin-Based Electrochemotherapy of an Infant", "authors": "Dalmády et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Pediatrics", "doi": "10.1542/peds.2020-0566", "pmid": "33234668", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The treatment of microcystic and combined lymphangiomas, especially in the head and neck region, is still a challenge because the lymphangiomas do not respond to conventional therapies and their recurrence rate is high, regardless of the treatment choice. Complete surgical resection is the main treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-42642248a309", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy in therapy-resistant venous malformations of the body", "authors": "Wohlgemuth et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.09.009", "pmid": "33045393", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: Bleomycin is one of the most commonly used agents in sclerotherapy for slow-flow vascular malformations worldwide. However, its efficiency remains unknown. The objective of the present study was to assess whether reversible electroporation combined with bleomycin would increase the sclerotherapy effect in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d525ac200498", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for the treatment of vascular malformations. An International Network for Sharing Practices on Electrochemotherapy (InspECT) study group report", "authors": "Muir et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2023-0029", "pmid": "37341196", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Biomedical applications of electroporation are expanding out of the field of oncology into vaccination, treatment of arrhythmias and now in the treatment of vascular malformations. Bleomycin is a widely used sclerosing agent in the treatment of various vascular malformations. The application of electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-51363c13f401", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Comparison of bleomycin polidocanol foam vs electrochemotherapy combined with polidocanol foam for treatment of venous malformations", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvsv.2023.101697", "pmid": "37890588", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: This study aims to investigate the difference in safety and efficacy between two treatments for venous malformations (VMs), electrochemotherapy combined with polidocanol foam (ECP) and bleomycin polidocanol foam (BPF), providing alternative therapies for VMs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ab434cb90116", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Interdisciplinary Treatment of Macroglossia Due to a Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation with Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy Followed by Partial Resection", "authors": "Loeser et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-024-03693-1", "pmid": "38691122", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-e809e7a26ce2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Current Operating Procedure (COP) for Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST) of low-flow vascular malformations", "authors": "Muir et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2024-0061", "pmid": "39608012", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Background: Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST) is a new approach in the treatment of vascular malformations. After bleomycin is administered to the malformation, electric pulses are applied to the target area to enhance the effectiveness of bleomycin. The mode of action is comparable to the effect of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b5434e29c410", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Outcome of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy of slow-flow malformations in adults and children", "authors": "Schmidt et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-024-10723-6", "pmid": "38627287", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the safety and clinical outcome of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for treating extracranial slow-flow malformations. Methods: In this retrospective investigation of a multicenter cohort presenting symptomatic slow-flow malformations, patient records were analyzed with respect to procedural details and complications. A treatment-specific, patient-reported questionnaire was additionally evaluated, obtained 3-12 months after the last treatment, to assess the subjective outcomes, including mobility, aesthetic aspects, and pain, as well as the occurrence of postprocedural skin hyperpigmentation. All outcome parameters were compared according to patients' age. Results: Overall, 325 BEST treatments were performed in 233 patients after intralesional and/or intravenous bleomycin injection. The total complication rate was 10.2% (33/325), including 29/352 (8.9%) major complications. Patient-reported mobility decreased in 10/133 (8.8%), was stable in 30/113 (26.5%), improved in 48/113 (42.5%), and was rated symptom-free in 25/113 (22.1%) patients. Aesthetic aspects were rated impaired compared to baseline in 19/113 (16.8%), stable in 21/133 (18.6%), improved in 62/113 (54.9%), and perfect in 11/133 (9.7%) patients. Postprocedural skin hyperpigmentation occurred in 78/113 (69%) patients, remaining unchanged in 24/78 (30.8%), reduced in 51/78 (65.5%), and completely resolved in 3/78 (3.8%) patients. The median VAS pain scale was 4.0 (0-10) preprocedural and 2.0 (0-9) postprocedural. Children/adolescents performed significantly better in all parameters compared to adults (≥ 16 years) (mobility, p = 0.011; aesthetic aspects, p < 0.001; pain, p < 0.001). Conclusions: BEST is effective for treating slow-flow vascular malformations, with few but potentially significant major complications. Regarding patient-reported outcomes, children seem to benefit better compared to older patients, suggesting that BEST should not be restricted to adults. Clinical relevance statement: Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy is a safe and effective approach and therapy should not be restricted to adults due to good clinical outcomes in children.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-34408e348b3b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Prospective analysis of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy for clinical outcome and volume reduction in therapy refractory slow-flow malformations", "authors": "Deleu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "CVIR Endovasc", "doi": "10.1186/s42155-025-00641-z", "pmid": "41474461", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Slow-flow vascular malformations are persistent congenital vascular lesions that progressively disrupt tissue structure and function, often causing pain, swelling, and esthetic concerns. Despite the availability of surgical and sclerotherapy-based interventions, treatment outcomes are often unsatisfactory, with high rates of recurrence and resistance. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the safety and effectiveness of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy in reducing lesion volume, alleviating symptoms, and improving clinical outcomes in 33 patients with slow-flow vascular malformations resistant to previous treatments. The prospective design allowed real-time observation of patients' responses to therapy, while the longitudinal follow-up, beginning with recruitment in 2020 and continuing through the end of 2024, allowed comprehensive monitoring of outcomes. Results: After one treatment session, 33 of 35 (94.3%) lesions demonstrated symptomatic improvement, and all lesions (n = 35/35, 100%) showed a reduction in volume. Average volume decreased from 1781.1 to 1335.0 mL (25.0%) after one session and 1189.13 mL (33.24%) after final treatment. Mild adverse events, including redness (n = 4) and swelling (n = 25), resolved within 4 weeks. Skin changes like hyperpigmentation (n = 3) and livid discoloration (n = 4) could be observed for longer periods of time. Conclusions: Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy demonstrated high effectiveness and safety for treating slow-flow malformations, establishing it as a promising therapeutic option even for lesions that have responded insufficiently to previous treatment attempts.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bd9590cb23bc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for treatment of slow-flow vascular malformations in children", "authors": "Goldann et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pediatr Res", "doi": "10.1038/s41390-025-04455-6", "pmid": "41044225", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: This prospective study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for treating slow-flow vascular malformations in a pediatric cohort. While retrospective studies have reported its efficacy, prospective data in pediatric populations are limited. Methods: 30 pediatric patients (mean age: 9.5 years) with venous, veno-lymphatic, or capillary-veno-lymphatic malformations were enrolled in the study between 2020 and 2021 and received at least one BEST treatment. Follow-up continued through 2024 (mean: 25 months). MRI volumetry and clinical evaluation were performed at each follow-up. Results: A total of 58 sessions (mean: 1.81 per patient) led to a median lesion volume reduction from 232 cm³ (range: 1.69 cm³-9814.12 cm³) pre-treatment to 41 cm³ (range: 0.57 cm 3 -1789.63 cm 3 ) after the final session, corresponding to mean relative volume reduction of 59.4%. Symptoms resolved in 2 patients, improved in 18, and remained unchanged in 4. Minor side effects included skin hyperpigmentation (n = 6), inflammation (n = 3), temporary motion restriction (n = 1), and lymphorrhea (n = 1). No serious complications were observed. Conclusion: BEST is a safe, effective treatment for pediatric slow-flow malformations, achieving lesion reduction and symptom relief. Future studies are warranted to optimize treatment protocols and establish long-term benefits. Impact statement: Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is a safe and effective treatment for slow-flow vascular malformations in pediatric patients, achieving lesion volume reduction and symptom improvement. The study assesses BEST exclusively in a pediatric cohort using standardized MRI-based volumetry alongside clinical outcomes. BEST can be effective not only in refractory cases but also as a first-line or early-line treatment option, broadening its potential indications. By indicating a cumulative therapeutic benefit of repeated BEST sessions, the study encourages further investigations into tailored, session-based treatment strategies for large or progressive malformations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4fa3ca6200f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy for Peripheral Low-Flow Venous and Lymphatic Malformations in Children: A Monocentric Case Series", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Children (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/children12091167", "pmid": "41007032", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Vascular malformations are relatively common in children. Current therapeutic strategies include observation, medical therapy, sclerotherapy or embolization, laser therapy, cryoablation, and surgery, depending on the type and anatomical location of the malformation. Surgery is commonly limited to small and/or circumscribed lesions, to debulking in case of large volumes, or in drug-resistant cases. Sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive treatment generally used to treat dysplastic vasculature and to significantly improve patients' symptoms. Herein, we describe our preliminary experience with bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) in the treatment of peripheral low-flow venous and lymphatic malformations in the pediatric population. Methods: We prospectively collected and analyzed data from patients who underwent BEST for peripheral low-flow vascular malformations (venous and lymphatic) and were treated at our institution from May 2022 onward. Results: Twelve patients (4 boys and 8 girls) with peripheral low-flow vascular malformations who underwent BEST were enrolled in this preliminary study. The median patient age at the first procedure was 81 months (IQR = 46-128). The most frequent anomaly was peripheral low-flow venous malformation. No relevant postoperative complications were encountered in any of the patients. All patients underwent a clinical evaluation of the malformation 1 month after the procedure. A clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation of the malformation was performed 2 months after the procedure to determine whether to repeat BEST. In cases of clinical resolution, a second ultrasonographic evaluation was performed 6 months after the procedure. Conclusions: BEST appears to be a promising and safe option for treating peripheral low-flow vascular malformations in children. Further studies with a greater number of patients and longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm our preliminary experience.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d084cdeb695b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy in the Treatment of Peripheral Low-Flow Venous and Lymphatic Malformations in Children: Monocentric Preliminary Experience", "authors": "Guida et al", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202508.0260.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Vascular malformations are relatively common in children. Current therapeutic strategies include observation, pharmacological therapy, sclerotherapy, laser therapy, embolization, and surgery, depending on the type and anatomical location of the malformation. Herein, we describe our preliminary experience with bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) in the treatment of peripheral low-flow venous and lymphatic malformations in a pediatric population. Methods: We prospectively collected and analyzed data from patients who underwent BEST for peripheral low-flow vascular malformations (venous and lymphatic) and were treated at our institution from May 2022 onward. Results: Twelve patients (4 boys and 8 girls) with peripheral low-flow vascular malformations who underwent BEST were enrolled in this preliminary study. The median patient age at the first procedure was 81 months (IQR = 46–1128). The most frequent anomaly was peripheral LFVM. No relevant postoperative complications were encountered in any of the patients. All patients underwent a clinical evaluation of the malformation 1 month after the procedure. A clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation of the malformation was performed 3 months after the procedure to determine whether to repeat BEST. In cases of clinical resolution, a second ultrasonographic evaluation was performed 6 months after the procedure. Conclusion: BEST appears to be a promising and safe option for treating peripheral low-flow vascular malformations in children.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2855cf15f07f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) of Slow-Flow Vascular Malformations (SFVMs) in Children", "authors": "Haehl et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Pediatr Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2025.162631", "pmid": "40907884", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Rationale and objectives: Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is a promising treatment for slow-flow vascular malformations (SFVMs). Due to limited paediatric data, this study aimed to assess the safety, effectiveness, and patient-reported outcomes of BEST in children with SFVMs. Material and methods: This monocenter cohort study included patients <18 years with symptomatic SFVMs treated by BEST. Patient records were analysed for procedural details and complications. Symptom severity was objectively classified before and after BEST. A treatment-specific, patient-reported questionnaire assessed mobility, aesthetic concerns, swelling, social participation, pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and post-procedural skin discoloration. Outcomes were compared between simple and infiltrative lesions. Results: Overall, 68 BEST sessions were performed in 45 children. Total complication rate was 10/68 (14.7 %), most commonly pes equinus deformities (5/68, 7.4 %) after treating SFVMs in calf muscles. Physician-rated overall symptom severity improved significantly (p < 0.001). Treatment-specific, patient-reported questionnaire revealed improved mobility in 14/41 (34.1 %) and symptom-free patients in 10/41 (24.4 %). Outcome in both aesthetic measure and social participation was mostly rated as improved or perfect (33/41, 80.5 %; 35/41, 85.4 %). Median VAS pain scale improved significantly (2.0 vs. 0.0, p < 0.001). Postprocedural swelling occurred in all children, in 26/41 cases (64.4 %) persisting for 2-4 weeks. Postprocedural skin discoloration (41/41, 100 %) was mostly (25/41, 61.0 %) reported to fade over time. No differences between simple and infiltrative lesions were revealed in all outcome parameters. Conclusion: BEST is effective for paediatric SFVMs by objective and subjective measures while maintaining low complication rates. Notably, BEST achieves therapeutic success even in infiltrative SFVMs expanding the range of available treatment options.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8a810c073a61", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a treatment option for venous malformations", "authors": "Huppert et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges", "doi": "10.1111/ddg.15647", "pmid": "39901440", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Dear Editors, We present a 59-year-old female patient with a venous malformation. Arising from a vasculogenetic developmental disorder, vascular malformations are rare, congenital malformations of arterial, venous, and lymphatic structures, which – albeit not always macroscopically recognizable already at the time of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5ee87e1e361a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Therapy of lymphatic malformations or isolated lymphatic components in combined slow-flow malformations with bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST)", "authors": "Loeser et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Rofo", "doi": "10.1055/a-2648-6555", "pmid": "41022105", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The objective of the study was to retrospectively investigate the efficacy, technical feasibility, and patient safety of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy for lymphatic malformations and lymphatic components of combined veno-lymphatic malformations. Materials and methods: Between May 2019 and December 2021, this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5515c2400374", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the Management of Vascular Malformations An Updated Systematic Review", "authors": "Michailidis et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Clin Pract", "doi": "10.3390/clinpract16010006", "pmid": "41590200", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background : Vascular malformations (VMs) are congenital anomalies of the vascular system-capillary, venous, lymphatic, arteriovenous, or combined-frequently associated with notable morbidity and reduced quality of life. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a locoregional treatment that combines chemotherapeutic agents (most commonly bleomycin) with electroporation, has emerged as a promising alternative in managing therapy-resistant or anatomically challenging lesions. Methods : A systematic review of the literature was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to January 2025 for studies reporting on the efficacy and/or safety of ECT for vascular malformations. Data extraction encompassed study design, patient demographics, VM type, ECT protocols, outcomes, follow-up duration, and adverse events. Studies that lacked relevant outcome data or focused solely on other therapeutic approaches were excluded. Results : Twelve primary studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. These covered diverse VMs, including venous, slow-flow, high-flow malformations, aggressive hemangiomas, and composite lesions in adult and pediatric populations. ECT protocols usually combined bleomycin (or occasionally other agents such as pingyangmycin or polidocanol foam) with various electroporation parameters. Across studies, ECT resulted in meaningful lesion-size reduction (50-97% in most cohorts), symptom relief (e.g., reduced pain and bleeding), and favorable cosmetic outcomes. While side effects (local edema, hyperpigmentation, procedure-related discomfort) were occasionally reported, they were typically mild and transient. Conclusions: ECT represents a valuable minimally invasive option in the therapeutic armamentarium for vascular malformations. Despite consistent demonstrations of efficacy and acceptable toxicity profiles, future high-quality, multicenter studies are warranted to confirm outcomes, refine treatment guidelines, and potentially expand its use as a standard of care.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e5f2936a0665", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Combining Reversible Electroporation and Bleomycin in Treatment of Arteriovenous Malformations", "authors": "Obereisenbuchner et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-025-04178-5", "pmid": "40940544", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study aims to evaluate and compare safety and clinical outcomes of reversible electroporation with either intravenous (BEST) or intraarterial (BEET) Bleomycin application treating extracranial AVMs unsuitable for conventional approaches defined as fine-fistulous AVMs close to vulnerable anatomical structures (such as skin/end-arteries) not amenable for embolization or resection due to inappropriate risk/benefit and/or therapy-refractory or recurrent lesions. Materials and methods: This is a sub-analysis of the prospective multicenter APOLLON trial (German clinical trial register, DRKS00021019). Clinical and imaging findings were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up to evaluate subjective outcome (symptom-free, partial relief, no improvement, clinical progression) and AVM lesion devascularization on MRI (total, 100%; substantial, 76-99%; partial, 51-75%; slight, 50%; progression). BEST versus BEET was at the discretion of the operator; subgroup outcome comparisons were subsequently performed. Results: Twenty-one AVM patients received 31 treatments (16/31 BEST, 51.6%; 15/31 BEET, 48.4%); the mean number of procedures per patient was 1.5 (± 0.7). Complications occurred after 7/31 (22.6%) procedures, including 6.4% major complications (delayed wound healing solved by split-skin transplantation, persistant scarring). Subjective outcome revealed partial symptom relief in 13/21 (61.9%) patients, and 4/21 (19.0%) patients presented symptom-free. In 4/21 (19.0%) patients, no improvement or symptom worsening was reported. Imaging revealed complete devascularization in one case (6.3%), substantial (76-99%) and partial (51-75%) devascularization in 6/16 (36.5%) patients, respectively, while progression was noted in 3/16 (18.8%) patients. Comparison of clinical outcomes differed between both approaches, with BEET being superior to BEST (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The combination of reversible electroporation and bleomycin is effective for treatment of AVMs; BEET tends to present superior to BEST regarding patients ' outcome.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-acd7b0be50a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Safety and Clinical Outcome of Bleomycin-Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) Treating Lymphatic Malformations (LMs)", "authors": "Obereisenbuchner et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-025-04169-6", "pmid": "40903646", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Bleomycin-electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is a novel treatment for slow-flow vascular malformations (SFVMs), most studied in venous malformations. This study specifically evaluated its safety and clinical outcome in lymphatic/lymphatic-dominant lympho-venous malformations (LMs/ld-LVMs). Materials and methods: A monocentric cohort with symptomatic LMs or ld-LVMs treated by BEST was retrospectively assessed. A treatment-specific, patient-reported questionnaire assessed overall clinical response (complete response: symptom-free, partial response: improved symptoms, no response: unchanged symptoms, progression of symptoms), subjective health-related quality of life (QoL; optimal, improved, unchanged, worsening), pain (numerical rating scale, NRS), and postprocedural skin discolouration (yes/no). Pre and postprocedural lesion size was measured in three planes on MRI. Results: Twenty-seven treatments were performed in 20 patients with 14 LMs and six ld-LVMs (11 microcystic, five mixed, and four macrocystic subtypes). Patients received 1.4 ± 0.6 treatments with a median bleomycin dose of 7 mg (range 2-15 mg). After BEST, 7/20 (35%) patients reported complete response, 10/20 (50%) partial response, and 3/20 (15%) no response. Health-related QoL was stated as optimal in 10/20 (50%) and as improved in 4/20 (20%) patients. Median pain NRS was reduced from 6 (3-10) to 2 (0-6). Postprocedural skin discolouration occurred in 11/20 (55%) patients. Follow-up MR imaging revealed lesion size reduction from mean maximum volume of 793 cm 3 (IQR 155-2199 cm 3 ) to 548 cm 3 (IQR 71-1059 cm 3 ). Total complication rate (CIRSE grade 3-4) was 11.1%. No differences in all outcome parameters regarding LMs subtypes were assessed. Conclusion: BEST demonstrates efficacy and acceptable safety treating LMs and ld-LVMs, including challenging microcystic lesions previously considered difficult to treat. Level of evidence: 3b, Retrospective Cohort Study.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-73049c1fb44d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Median Nerve Axonotmesis Following Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy: A Case Study of a Significant Complication After Treatment of a Lymphovascular Malformation", "authors": "Downes et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Cureus", "doi": "10.7759/cureus.100739", "pmid": "41640905", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is a recently introduced treatment for lymphovascular malformations that combines intralesional bleomycin injection under image guidance with a precisely modulated electrical field to enhance cellular uptake. This technique is reported to have a favourable safety profile, with most adverse effects limited to transient pain and pigmentation. We report the case of a 20-year-old female patient who presented with severe, intractable pain in the left forearm and hand following BEST treatment for a forearm lymphangioma. Clinical examination demonstrated neuropathic pain with associated sensory deficit in the median nerve distribution. Due to concern for compartment syndrome, the surgical team performed urgent exploration of the forearm and a four-compartment fasciotomy. Postoperatively, the fasciotomy did not relieve symptoms, and subsequent clinical findings supported a diagnosis of direct, nonthermal electrical injury to the median nerve. Review of intraprocedural imaging revealed distortion of the electrode probe tip geometry. We hypothesize that this deformation resulted in an unintended increase in the focal electrical field, exceeding the threshold for irreversible electroporation, causing axonal injury, rather than the intended reversible electroporation required for drug delivery. To our knowledge, this report describes the first documented case of median nerve axonotmesis following BEST. Deformation of the electrode geometry may significantly increase focal electrical field strength and result in unintended nerve injury. Although BEST demonstrates efficacy and an overall favourable safety profile in the treatment of lymphovascular malformations, clinicians should remain aware of this potential complication to support informed consent and appropriate management of postoperative presentations that may mimic compartment syndrome.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-62d3ab08144b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Effectiveness and Safety of Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy for Slow-Flow Vascular Malformations: A Systematic Review", "authors": "Gehr et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-026-04441-3", "pmid": "42045624", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To review the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for slow-flow vascular malformations. Materials and methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, with a protocol registered in PROSPERO. Five databases were searched, supplemented by citation tracking, to identify peer-reviewed studies reporting clinical outcomes of BEST for slow-flow vascular malformations. Single-patient case reports were excluded. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Results: Ten studies were included, with a total of 401 patients and 416 lesions. Seven studies were retrospective, three were prospective, and one was comparative. Any symptom improvement was reported in 62-100% of patients; however, outcome definitions and assessment methods varied substantially across studies, limiting direct comparability. Any size reduction was reported in 83-100% of lesions, based on clinical and imaging-based assessments, including volumetry. Serious adverse events were uncommon, and no systemic toxicity was reported. All non-randomised studies had serious risk of bias. Conclusion: BEST appears promising for selected slow-flow vascular malformations. However, evidence is limited by methodological heterogeneity and high risk of bias, and treatment decisions should remain individualised and based on multidisciplinary evaluation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7b209080458a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin and Reversible Electroporation for the Treatment of Vascular Malformations: A New Zealand Tertiary Centre Experience", "authors": "Krauss et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/1754-9485.70153", "pmid": "42502891", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Vascular malformations (VMs) are congenital anomalies that often cause pain, swelling, disfigurement, and functional impairment. Conventional sclerotherapy, though widely used, typically requires multiple sessions and may yield incomplete resolution. Bleomycin-Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-605c72f735a8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST): mechanistic parallels to electrochemotherapy, experimental models, and unresolved questions", "authors": "Lisec et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2026-0017", "pmid": "41875067", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Background: Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is an emerging treatment option for vascular malformations (VMs), predominantly slow-flow venous malformations, with increasing use in other types of VMs. By combining application of bleomycin with electroporation, BEST enhances intracellular drug delivery and may…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a5e15a2a1d11", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy and Skin Hyperpigmentation in Slow-flow Vascular Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Analysis", "authors": "Loeser et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Rofo", "doi": "10.1055/a-2783-4420", "pmid": "41650979", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Sclerotherapy remains the standard for interventional treatment of slow-flow vascular malformations. However, bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) has shown promising results in the management of recurrent lesions. One notable adverse effect of BEST is the postinterventional development of skin hyperpigmentation. The aim of this study is the analysis of accidental skin hyperpigmentation after BEST of slow-flow vascular malformations. Materials and methods: This retrospective study at our interdisciplinary vascular anomalies center investigated the occurrence of skin hyperpigmentation after bleomycin electrosclerotherapy of slow-flow vascular malformations over a period of 21 months documented clinically and in photographic findings, as well as related interventional treatment parameters with subsequent exploratory threshold analyses at 0.10 and 0.15 mg/kg. Subsequently, a comparison was made with recent publications reporting hyperpigmentation after bleomycin administration. Results: During the observation period, 72 patients were included with a total of 80 BEST procedures. Bleomycin-related skin hyperpigmentation was documented in 4 of 7 lymphatic malformation (LMs), 20 of 44 venous malformation (VM)and in 16 of 29 combined venolymphatic vascular malformations associated with other anomalies. On average, 27.1 application series of reversible electroporation per intervention were performed (range 1-85). Results: An average of 8.37 mg bleomycin was administered to LMs, 5.31 mg to VMs and 8.03 mg to the combined group in each session. Hyperpigmentation was more frequent with the hexagonal electrode: 33/56 (58,9 %); Needle-Foil Electrode (NFD) 6/19, Variable Geometry Device (VGD) 1/5. Rates were similar across entities (hexagonal: LM 3/5, VM 17/31, combined 13/20). Overall, bleomycin was administered intralesional 46 times with an average dose of 0.09 mg/kg bw (range 0.008-0.23) and intravenously 34 times, 0.22 mg/kg bw (range 0.13-0.5). Hyperpigmentation was more frequent after intravenous administration (61.8 %) than intralesional (41.3 %), likely reflecting higher dosing. A threshold dose of ≥0.10 mg/kg bleomycin was associated with a higher risk ratio for hyperpigmentation (RR 2.30, 95% CI 1.27-4.15). Conclusion: The frequency of skin hyperpigmentation following BEST seems to be analog to bleomycin-induced flagellate dermatitis and appears more frequently when using the hexagonal electrode and a higher bleomycin dosage per kg bodyweight (bw). Key points: · Puncture related skin hyperpigmentation is a frequent but often underestimated adverse effect of Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) in slow-flow vascular malformations.. · Our findings suggest that electrode geometry and puncture-related trauma contribute substantially to this side effect.. · Recognizing these factors allows for more informed electrode selection and patient counseling to minimize the risk and improve cosmetic outcomes after BEST.. · Exploratory analyses suggest higher mg/kg dosing increases hyperpigmentation risk. When clinically feasible, consider dose minimization especially in cosmetically sensitive areas.. Citation format: · Loeser JH, Schramm D, Cucuruz BR etal. Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy and Skin Hyperpigmentation in Slow-flow Vascular Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Analysis. Rofo 2026; DOI 10.1055/a-2783-4420. Analyse von Häufigkeit und Einflussfaktoren von Verfärbungen der Haut nach Bleomycinelektrosklerotherapie (BEST) bei slow-flow-Gefäßmalformationen.Monozentrische, retrospektive Registeranalyse über 21 Monate. Es wurden klinische und fotografische Befunde erfasst sowie Elektrodenarten, Applikationswege und Dosen (mg/kg KG) mit nachfolgenden explorativen Schwellenanalysen bei 0,10 und 0,15 mg/kg. Im Anschluss daran wurde ein Vergleich mit aktuellen Veröffentlichungen durchgeführt, in denen über Hyperpigmentierung nach Bleomycin-Verabreichung berichtet wurde.72 Patienten mit insgesamt 80 BEST-Prozeduren. Bleomycin-induzierte Hautverfärbungen traten in 40/80 (50%) Interventionen auf, darunter lymphatische Malformationen (LM) 4/7, venöse Malformationen (VM) 20/44, kombiniert 16/29 mit vergleichbaren Raten zwischen den Entitäten, jedoch Unterschieden zwischen den Elektrodenarten: hexagonaler Elektrode: 33/56 (58,9%), Needle-Foil Electrode (NFD) 6/19, Variable Geometry Device (VGD) 1/5. Bei intravenöser Gabe des Bleomycin waren Hyperpigmentierung häufiger als nach intraläsionaler Gabe (21/34 [61,8%] vs 19/46 [41,3%]). Explorativ zeigte sich bei höherer Dosis mit einem Schwellenwert von ≥ 0,10 mg/kg als auch ≥0,15 mg/kg ein erhöhtes relatives Risiko für Diskolorationen der Haut (RR 2,30; 95%-KI 1,27–4,15).Diskolorationen der Haut nach BEST bei slow-flow-Gefäßmalformationen ähneln der Bleomycin-induzierten Flagellantendermatitis. Das Risiko scheint v.a. mit der hexagonalen Elektrode und höherer mg/kg-Dosis erhöht zu sein; zwischen den Entitäten zeigen sich vergleichbare Raten. · Punktionsbedingte Hauthyperpigmentierung ist eine häufige, aber oft unterschätzte Nebenwirkung der Bleomycinelektrosklerotherapie (BEST) bei slow-flow Gefäßmalformationen.. · Unsere Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Geometrie der Elektrode und das durch die Punktion verursachte Trauma eine wichtige Rolle bei dieser Nebenwirkung spielen.. · Die Kenntnis dieser Faktoren ermöglicht eine fundiertere Auswahl der Elektrode und eine bessere Beratung der Patienten, um das Risiko zu minimieren und die kosmetischen Ergebnisse nach der BEST zu verbessern.. · Explorative Analysen deuten darauf hin, dass eine höhere Dosierung in mg/kg das Risiko einer Hyperpigmentierung erhöht. Wenn klinisch möglich, sollte eine Dosisminimierung in Betracht gezogen werden, insbesondere in kosmetisch sensiblen Bereichen..", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8368bfa34a7d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin electroembolotherapy in a rare mixed extra- and intracranial scalp-dural vascular malformation with high- and low-flow components", "authors": "Mistretta et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Neuroradiology", "doi": "10.1007/s00234-026-04020-w", "pmid": "42091668", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "A rare extra- and intracranial mixed vascular malformation involving the scalp soft tissues and the dura mater, associated with skull erosion, and characterized by both a low-flow capillary-venous component and a high-flow component consistent with a dural arteriovenous fistula involving a diploic vein, represents a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-742431366f47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Current Operating Procedure (COP) for the Treatment of Slow-Flow Vascular Malformations with Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST)", "authors": "Stabuc et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/70867", "pmid": "42441517", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Vasküler Kilit (Vascular Lock) Etkisi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is an emerging, minimally invasive treatment for treating slow-flow vascular malformations. Following intralesional administration of bleomycin, reversible electroporation is applied to enhance drug uptake and prolong local exposure due to a vascular lock effect and endothelial…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6bd15d78e150", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "First clinical trial of cat soft-tissue sarcomas treatment by electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Mir et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/bjc.1997.606", "pmid": "9413951", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy combines bleomycin and local electric pulses that allow cell permeabilization and free access of bleomycin to its intracellular target. We report the first veterinarian clinical trial of electrochemotherapy in 12 cats with spontaneous large soft-tissue sarcomas that suffered relapse after treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ec8d7ce9cbe0", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy potentiation of local antitumour effectiveness of cisplatin in dogs and cats", "authors": "Tozon et al", "year": 2001, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "11724311", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to introduce electrochemotherapy with cisplatin into veterinary medicine, where there is a need for inexpensive and effective treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours of various histological types. The response to treatment was assessed on tumour nodules in 3 cats with mammary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a8b299604647", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy of horses. A preliminary clinical report", "authors": "Rols et al", "year": 2002, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00156-6", "pmid": "11786351", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Sarcoids are skin spontaneous tumours detected in horses. It can be cured by chemotherapy by using cisplatin. A multisequence treatment must be performed. Problems are present due to the poor diffusion of the hydrophilic product in the tumours. Electropulsation is known to drastically enhance the effect of antitumoral…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a90dce3257e7", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Effective treatment of perianal tumors in dogs with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Tozon et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "15868917", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is an antitumor therapy that utilizes locally-delivered, short intense direct current electric pulse to the tumor nodule plus chemotherapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the electrochemotherapy treatment of perianal tumors of different sizes in dogs. Materials and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-256121107658", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant electrochemotherapy for the treatment of incompletely resected canine mast cell tumors", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "17201181", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel anticancer therapy that combines the delivery of trains of appropriate waveforms with the local administration of chemotherapy agents. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the adjuvant potentials of ECT for the treatment of incompletely excised mast cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bcc390632cd1", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant electrochemotherapy for the treatment of incompletely excised spontaneous canine sarcomas", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "In Vivo", "doi": null, "pmid": "18019417", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new therapeutical technique that combines the administration of trains of biphasic pulses with the local application of poorly permeant anticancer molecules, thus obtaining increased chemotherapy uptake. The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the adjuvant potentialities of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-62a1a6e6e73f", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Biphasic pulses enhance bleomycin efficacy in a spontaneous canine perianal tumors model", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "18365542", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Perianal tumors (adenoma and carcinoma of the hepatoid glands) are frequently reported in veterinary literature. They are locally aggressive tumors with a low tendency to metastatic spread. An hormonal ethiology has been identified for the development of perianal adenomas in male dogs, while the carcinomas are free…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-48ae47caed41", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for localized lymphoma a preliminary study in companion animals", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res", "doi": null, "pmid": "17987793", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Non Hogdkin's lymphoma is the commonest malignant neoplasm in humans and in pets. Treatments include systemic chemotherapy eventually combined with radiation therapy. Radiation therapy is also used as single agent for the treatment of localized lymphoma (LSA). Albeit efficacious, this modality is potentially…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-50e07c40862f", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Local control and distant metastasis after electrochemotherapy of a canine anal melanoma", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "In Vivo", "doi": null, "pmid": "18019432", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Canine anal melanoma is an aggressive neoplasm that rapidly leads to constipation in dogs, thus mimicking the behavior of their human counterpart. In this paper, the successful local palliation of this neoplasm is described using cisplatin selectively driven within the tumor cells by trains of biphasic pulses. The dog…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a5eb4ed8e3ce", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Patterns of tumor response in canine and feline cancer patients treated with electrochemotherapy: preclinical data for the standardization of this treatment in pets and humans", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-5-48", "pmid": "17910745", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel anticancer therapy that is currently being evaluated in human and pet cancer patients. ECT associates the administration of an anti-tumor agent to the delivery of trains of appropriate waveforms. The increased uptake of chemotherapy leads to apoptotic death of the neoplasm thus resulting in prolonged local control and extended survival. In this paper we describe the histological features of a broad array of spontaneous tumors of companion animals receiving pulse-mediated chemotherapy. Multivariate statistical analysis of the percentage of necrosis and apoptosis in the tumors before and after ECT treatment, shows that only a high percentage of necrosis and apoptosis after the ECT treatment were significantly correlated with longer survivals of the patients (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Further studies on this topic are warranted in companion animals with spontaneous tumors to identify new molecular targets for electrochemotherapy and to the develop new therapeutical protocols to be translated to humans.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-881b6a3f6e63", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Veterinary Oncology", "authors": "Cemazar et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "J Vet Intern Med", "doi": "10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0117.x", "pmid": "18537879", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electropermeabilization is a method that uses electric field pulses to induce an electrically mediated reorganization of the plasma membrane of cells. Electrochemotherapy combines local or systemic administration of chemotherapeutic drugs such as bleomycin or cisplatin that have poor membrane permeability with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-324aab1acb", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:9", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2e426c8ef52b", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant electrochemotherapy for incompletely excised anal sac carcinoma in a dog", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "In Vivo", "doi": null, "pmid": "18396781", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Canine anal sac gland carcinoma (ASGC) is a frequently described neoplasm that is highly aggressive and can frequently lead to metastatic spread. In this paper, we describe the successful treatment of an incompletely excised ASGC by using cisplatin selectively driven within the tumor cells by trains of biphasic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-87d74dbb3ed8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Biphasic pulses enhance bleomycin efficacy in a spontaneous canine genital tumor model of chemoresistance: Sticker sarcoma", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1186/1756-9966-27-58", "pmid": "18980687", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Sticker's sarcoma (also known as transmissible venereal tumor) is a horizontally transmitted neoplasm of the dog, that is passed with coitus. It is a locally aggressive tumor with a low tendency to metastatic spread. The most common locations are the genitals, the nose, the perianal area. Standard treatment consists with chemotherapy with vincristine, however other therapies such as, cryotherapy, immunotherapy or, in selected cases, radiation therapy, have been reported. In this article we describe the outcome of a small cohort of canine patients, with chemotherapy resistant transmissible venereal tumor (TVT), treated with bleomycin selectively driven by trains of biphasic pulses (electrochemotherapy). Three canine patients, with refractory TVT, entered the study and received two sessions of ECT under sedation. The pets had local injection of bleomycin at the concentration of 1.5 mg/ml and five minutes after the chemotherapy, trains of 8 biphasic electric pulses lasting 50 + 50 mus each, with 1 ms interpulse intervals, were delivered by means of modified caliper or, for difficult districts, through paired needle electrode. All the patients responded to the treatment and are still in remission at different times. Electrochemotherapy appears as a safe and efficacious modality for the treatment of TVT and warrants further investigations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7be35cb1fb1c", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy-induced radiation recall in a cat", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "In Vivo", "doi": null, "pmid": "19181001", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is gaining popularity for the treatment of malignancies of companion animals due to its efficacy and low cost. In this paper, we describe the successful treatment of a recurring fibrosarcoma in a cat by using cisplatin selectively driven within the tumor cells by trains of biphasic pulses. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-64d13cc32fb2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Ganglioneuroblastoma in a cat A rare neoplasm treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Vet J", "doi": "10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.08.014", "pmid": "17910926", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "An 8-year-old male castrated cat was referred for sudden onset of lameness. Physical examination revealed a 1x2x1cm mass originating from a footpad of the right hind leg. A diagnosis of ganglioneuroblastoma was suggested by the tumour appearance following histopathological staining with haematoxylin and eosin and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c5d42fe99937", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Surgery and electrochemotherapy of a high‐grade soft tissue sarcoma in a dog", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "Vet Rec", "doi": "10.1136/vr.162.6.186", "pmid": "18263920", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Short Communications Surgery and electrochemotherapy of a high-grade soft tissue sarcoma in a dog E. P. Spugnini, B. Vincenzi, G. Betti, F. Cordahi, I. Dotsinsky, N. Mudrov, G. Citro, A. Baldi ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY (ECT) is a new approach to treating solid neoplasms. It combines the systemic or local administration of a chemotherapeutic agent with the application of square or biphasic electrical pulses to increase the uptake of the drug by the cancer cells, thus resulting in an enhanced efficacy of chemotherapy (Daskalov and others 1999, Spugnini and Porrello 2003). This is particularly relevant for drugs that are not taken up well, such as bleomycin, which is transported within the cytoplasm by membrane carriers (Spugnini and Porrello 2003). The application of electrical pulses with an appropriate waveform, following the local administration of bleomycin, results in an increased efficacy when compared with bleomycin alone (Spugnini and Porrello 2003).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-0c8ed7638aa1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electroporation‐mediated IL‐12 gene therapy in a transplantable canine cancer model", "authors": "Chuang et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Int J Cancer", "doi": "10.1002/ijc.24418", "pmid": "19431145", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is effective in treating many types of rodent tumors, but has been unsuccessful in most human clinical trials, suggesting that animal models of more clinical relevance are required for evaluating human cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we report on the effectiveness of gene therapy with plasmid…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-941c59dc5fbb", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy compared to surgery for treatment of canine mast cell tumours", "authors": "Kodre et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "In Vivo", "doi": null, "pmid": "19368125", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of local treatment electrochemotherapy (ECT) with cisplatin and to compare it with effectiveness of surgery for treatment of mast cell tumours (MCT) in dogs. Materials and methods: In the present retrospective study, 25 dogs of different breeds with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-10ec64b46342", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant electrochemotherapy in veterinary patients: a model for the planning of future therapies in humans", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1186/1756-9966-28-114", "pmid": "19682373", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The treatment of soft tissue tumors needs the coordinated adoption of surgery with radiation therapy and eventually, chemotherapy. The radiation therapy (delivered with a linear accelerator) can be preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative. In selected patients adjuvant brachytherapy can be adopted. The goal of these associations is to achieve tumor control while maximally preserving the normal tissues from side effects. Unfortunately, the occurrence of local and distant complications is still elevated. Electrochemotherapy is a novel technique that combines the administration of anticancer agents to the application of permeabilizing pulses in order to increase the uptake of antitumor molecules. While its use in humans is still confined to the treatment of cutaneous neoplasms or the palliation of skin tumor metastases, in veterinary oncology this approach is rapidly becoming a primary treatment. This review summarizes the recent progresses in preclinical oncology and their possible transfer to humans.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-010a89d1c7d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in cats A preliminary report", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Vet J", "doi": "10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.08.011", "pmid": "17904882", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the skin are commonly described in cats. Reported treatments include surgery, radiation therapy and photodynamic therapy. This preliminary study reports on the management of these lesions combining the local administration of bleomycin (plus hyaluronidase for a more uniform…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-261a83b05d71", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy treatment for bilateral pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in a cat", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Small Anim Pract", "doi": "10.1111/j.1748-5827.2010.00913.x", "pmid": "20492454", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "A 13-year-old male neutered cat was presented for the sudden growth of two nodular lesions close to the upper eyelid of both eyes. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of mesenchymal neoplasia. The cat had conservative surgical excision in order to preserve the eyelids' functionality; however, the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-22905a180703", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrogene therapy with interleukin-12 in canine mast cell tumors", "authors": "Pavlin", "year": 2011, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-010-0041-9", "pmid": "22933932", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: Mast cell tumors (MCT) are the most common malignant cutaneous tumors in dogs with extremely variable biological behaviour. Different treatment approaches can be used in canine cutaneous MCT, with surgical excision being the treatment of choice. In this study, electrogene therapy (EGT) as a new therapeutic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3847a6e7ff35", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Multiple Melanomas in a Horse", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Journal of Equine Veterinary Science", "doi": "10.1016/j.jevs.2011.01.009", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "A 22-year-old Camargue mare was referred for showing signs of discomfort during chewing, building up of food in the mouth, and foul odor from the mouth. On physical examination, the mare presented bilateral pigmented labial masses affecting the upper and lower lips, more in the form of plaques at the mucocutaneous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f35fc1903563", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Successful treatment of equine sarcoids with cisplatin electrochemotherapy: a retrospective study of 48 cases", "authors": "Tamzali et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Equine Vet J", "doi": "10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00425.x", "pmid": "21793876", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Reasons for performing study: Sarcoids are the commonest form of equine skin tumour. Several therapeutic measures have been described but none is considered to be universally effective. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new anticancer therapy that utilises electrical field pulses to induce increased cell membrane…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f26a3b6b5d93", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "IL-12 based gene therapy in veterinary medicine", "authors": "Pavlin", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/1479-5876-10-234", "pmid": "23171444", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The use of large animals as an experimental model for novel treatment techniques has many advantages over the use of laboratory animals, so veterinary medicine is becoming an increasingly important translational bridge between preclinical studies and human medicine. The results of preclinical studies show that gene therapy with therapeutic gene encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12) displays pronounced antitumor effects in various tumor models. A number of different studies employing this therapeutic plasmid, delivered by either viral or non-viral methods, have also been undertaken in veterinary oncology. In cats, adenoviral delivery into soft tissue sarcomas has been employed. In horses, naked plasmid DNA has been delivered by direct intratumoral injection into nodules of metastatic melanoma. In dogs, various types of tumors have been treated with either local or systemic IL-12 electrogene therapy. The results of these studies show that IL-12 based gene therapy elicits a good antitumor effect on spontaneously occurring tumors in large animals, while being safe and well tolerated by the animals. Hopefully, such results will lead to further investigation of this therapy in veterinary medicine and successful translation into human clinical trials.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7e1a79ea0a3d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Preclinical Models in Electrochemotherapy The Role of Veterinary Patients", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Future Oncol", "doi": "10.2217/fon.12.64", "pmid": "22830403", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a tumor treatment that adapts the systemic or local delivery of anticancer drugs by the application of permeabilizing electric pulses with appropriate amplitude and waveforms. This allows the use of lipophobic drugs, which frequently have a narrow therapeutic index, with a decreased morbidity…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b7d2b9fc073", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant Electrochemotherapy Increases Local Control in a Recurring Equine Anal Melanoma", "authors": "Scacco et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Journal of Equine Veterinary Science", "doi": "10.1016/j.jevs.2012.09.006", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "A 25-year-old gelding sport horse was referred for the treatment of recurring bilateral anal amelanotic melanoma. On physical examination, the horse presented bilateral poorly delimited perianal masses that recurred 2 months after surgical excision. The owner elected the lesions to be treated with surgery combined…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5d6cba548016", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of recurring aponeurotic fibromatosis in a dog", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Can Vet J", "doi": null, "pmid": "24155455", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "This paper reports the clinical findings, histopathology, and clinical outcome of a rare case of aponeurotic fibromatosis in a dog. The dog was treated with 4 courses of electrochemotherapy using the drugs cisplatin and bleomycin. There was complete remission and the dog was still disease-free after 18 months…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-39b2cbf72c99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Amelanotic Melanoma of the Root of the Tongue in A Canine Patient Treated by Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "F.H. Maglietti et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J. Anal. Oncol.", "doi": "10.6000/1927-7229.2014.03.04.6", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy is a novel tumor treatment routinely used for cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors in human patients in the European Union since 2006. Here we used it to treat an amelanotic melanoma of the root of the tongue in a canine patient. Case Presentation: The patient was a 9 year-old, female…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-98f0f186c49a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "CSPG4-specific immunity and survival prolongation in dogs with oral malignant melanoma immunized with human CSPG4 DNA", "authors": "Riccardo et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-3042", "pmid": "24874834", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Due to the many similarities with its human counterpart, canine malignant melanoma (cMM) is a valuable model in which to assess the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies. The model is herein used to evaluate the immunogenicity, safety, and therapeutic efficacy of a human chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2d74d510202", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Numerical Model of Dog Mast Cell Tumor Treated by Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Suzuki et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Artif Organs", "doi": "10.1111/aor.12333", "pmid": "25041415", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a combination of high electric field and anticancer drugs. The treatment basis is electroporation or electropermeabilization of the cell membrane. Electroporation is a threshold phenomenon and, for efficient treatment, an adequate local distribution of electric field within the treated tissue is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b6571a21857f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as First Line Cancer Treatment: Experiences from Veterinary Medicine in Developing Novel Protocols", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Curr Cancer Drug Targets", "doi": "10.2174/156800961601151218155340", "pmid": "26712353", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Tumor microenvironment is one of the major obstacles to the efficacy of chemotherapy in cancer patients. The abnormal blood flow within the tumor results in uneven drug distribution. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a tumor treatment that adopts the systemic or local delivery of anticancer drugs with the application of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bd965d2dd832", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electroporation Enhances Bleomycin Efficacy in Cats with Periocular Carcinoma and Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vet Intern Med", "doi": "10.1111/jvim.13586", "pmid": "26192904", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Advanced carcinoma of the head represents a substantial health problem in cats for local control and overall survival. Objectives: Evaluate the capability of electrochemotherapy (ECT) to improve bleomycin efficacy in cats with periocular carcinoma and advanced carcinoma of the head. Animals: Twenty-one…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-04c90c32b897", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electroporation in veterinary oncology", "authors": "Impellizeri et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Vet J", "doi": "10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.05.015", "pmid": "27810205", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Cancer treatments in veterinary medicine continue to evolve beyond the established standard therapies of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. New technologies in cancer therapy include a targeted mechanism to open the cell membrane based on electroporation, driving therapeutic agents, such as chemotherapy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c19d58867e4c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "The treatment of canine mast cell tumours with electrochemotherapy with or without surgical excision", "authors": "Lowe et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12217", "pmid": "27001443", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "To describe the results of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in dogs with mast cell tumours (MCTs) either as first line therapy or as an adjuvant to surgery. The treatment combines administration of low dose chemotherapeutic drugs with the application of microsecond electric pulses, which cause the temporary permeabilization…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-71f92a4d6926", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Enhanced cytotoxicity of bleomycin, cisplatin, and carboplatin on equine sarcoid cells following electroporation-mediated delivery in vitro", "authors": "Souza et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vet Pharmacol Ther", "doi": "10.1111/jvp.12331", "pmid": "27287308", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a method used to deliver poorly permeant chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor cells, potentiating the cytotoxic effects of drugs and overall clinical response. Despite existing evidence of the potential benefits of electroporation to enhance the antitumoral effects of drugs, there is a lack of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0ed657a5bd84", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Novel Instruments for the Implementation of Electrochemotherapy Protocols: From Bench Side to Veterinary Clinic", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Cell Physiol", "doi": "10.1002/jcp.25505", "pmid": "27464761", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a medical strategy that allows an increased efficacy of chemotherapy agents after the application of permeabilizing electric pulses having appropriate characteristics (form, voltage, frequency). In the past 10 years, the clinical efficacy of this therapeutic approach in several spontaneous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fef86d697087", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Novel application for electrochemotherapy Immersion of nasal cavity in dog", "authors": "Suzuki et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Artif Organs", "doi": "10.1111/aor.12858", "pmid": "28028827", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new modality of local cancer treatment that increases the delivery of chemotherapy drugs into tumor cells by applying intense electric fields. This novel electrochemotherapy application was applied as an adjuvant to surgery and eliminated intranasal tumors in dog. The treatment challenges are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f6f9fb374c84", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a single or adjuvant treatment to surgery of cutaneous sarcoid tumours in horses: a 31-case retrospective study", "authors": "Tozon et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Vet Rec", "doi": "10.1136/vr.103867", "pmid": "27758950", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with cisplatin as a single or adjuvant treatment for sarcoids in equids. Different treatment options with different success rates were proposed. Thirty-one horses and one donkey with different clinical type, size and location of tumours…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1cf4196684e0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats", "authors": "Tozon et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/54760", "pmid": "27805594", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local approach which is used for treating solid tumors of different histologies. Its mechanism is based on cell membrane permeabilization by means of \"electroporation\". To achieve the \"electroporation\" of the cells, electric pulses are generated by a generator and delivered to the target…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3e1d2d14e2de", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Decision making for mass removals on the yard", "authors": "Cramp P", "year": 2017, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Melanomas are a well-known problem of the grey horse population, with grey horses having an 80% probability of developing melanomas in their life [1]. There seems to be no sex predilection, and all breeds can be affected [2]. This condition is caused by a genetic mutation in the Syntaxin 17 gene, which is also the cause of the grey hair colour [3]. It is a dominant gene, and it is known that homozygous individuals are more severely affected, and tend to ‘grey’ more rapidly [3]. Melanomas typically occur at the level of the perineal region, the tail, the parotid gland, lips and eyes, but melanocytic tumours can also grow in the internal organs, such as lymph nodes, spleen, liver, deep blood vessels, muscles, lung and brain. In most cases, these tumours are not likely to cause a life-threatening condition for the horse, but growing melanomas can generate severe problems if they are not treated in time.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "BEVA kongre bildirisi; elektrokemoterapi bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-8d4f9c37f2c7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY COMBINED WITH STANDARD AND CO2 LASER SURGERIES IN CANINE ORAL MELANOMA", "authors": "Kulbacka et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "SVR", "doi": "10.26873/SVR-322-2017", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Oral melanomas commonly occur in elderly dogs resulting in darkly pigmented areas of the mouth, tongue and gums. The main object of this study was a severe melanoma diagnosed in the jaw of a 15-year-old dog and its palliative treatment with electrochemotherapy. The tumour spread throughout the jaw including bones…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d73ab8269a62", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Minimally Invasive Electrochemotherapy Procedure for Treating Nasal Duct Tumors in Dogs using a Single Needle Electrode", "authors": "Maglietti et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2017-0043", "pmid": "29333121", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Nasal cavity tumors are usually diagnosed late, when they already have infiltrated adjacent tissues thus requiring very aggressive treatments with serious side effects. Here we use electrochemotherapy (ECT), a well demonstrated treatment modality for superficial tumors. Materials and methods: In the case…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f9fbd1d39a20", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Treatment of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumors", "authors": "Osorio‐Morales et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Artif Organs", "doi": "10.1111/aor.13062", "pmid": "29230847", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", We refer you to the study entitled “Novel Application for Electrochemotherapy: Immersion of Nasal Cavity in Dog” in which, Suzuki et al. (1) report the successful chemotherapeutic treatment of a chemoresistant canine neoplasm. This study is certainly of some interest from a biophysical perspective, but there are specific oncological phenomena relevant to the results obtained by the authors that warrant discussion. As their neoplastic model system, the authors use the canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT), formerly referred to as infectious lymphosarcoma, venereum lymphosarcoma, myxosarcoma, or Sticker’s sarcoma (2). These neoplasms generally manifest benign behavior and although they can lead to metastasis in some instances, most patients have demonstrated a good response to chemotherapy with vincristine (3).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-be162909be45", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy and Gene Electrotransfer in Veterinary Oncology", "authors": "Pavlin et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_108", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Veterinary medicine has become an important translational bridge from in vitro and preclinical studies to human medicine, offering invaluable model for research in naturally occurring diseases and therefore providing vital data which cannot be gained from strictly experimental animal models. This is especially true…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7b0ceeb0a35a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Ultrasound guided electrochemotherapy for the treatment of a clear cell thymoma in a cat", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.4314/ovj.v7i1.8", "pmid": "28331834", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "A twelve-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat was presented for rapidly progressing respiratory distress. The cat was depressed, tachypneic and moderately responsive. Ultrasonography showed a mediastinal mass associated with a significant pleural effusion that needed tapping every five to seven days…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d012f74e34cc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Oral Mucosa Model for Electrochemotherapy Treatment of Dog Mouth Cancer: Ex Vivo, In Silico, and In Vivo Experiments", "authors": "Suzuki et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Artif Organs", "doi": "10.1111/aor.13003", "pmid": "29027689", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (EQT) is a local cancer treatment well established to cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. Electric fields are applied to biological tissue in order to improve membrane permeability for cytotoxic drugs. This phenomenon is called electroporation or electropermeabilization. Studies have reported that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c6036c57be80", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Veterinary Oncology", "authors": "Tozon et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_107", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "In veterinary oncology, the clinical studies on electrochemotherapy are not numerous. Electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology is used with two chemotherapeutic drugs, cisplatin and bleomycin. For the treatment of dogs and horses, mainly cisplatin is used in combination with electric pulses, while for the use in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-324aab1acb", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:9", "dizinli-makale-ile-dizinsiz-kayit" ], "relationConfidence": "medium", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b6a8b877e5a0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Tel-eVax a genetic vaccine targeting telomerase for treatment of canine lymphoma", "authors": "Impellizeri et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Transl Med", "doi": "10.1186/s12967-018-1738-6", "pmid": "30537967", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Background: we have recently shown that Tel-eVax, a genetic vaccine targeting dog telomerase (dTERT) and based on Adenovirus (Ad)/DNA Electro-Gene-Transfer (DNA-EGT) technology can induce strong immune response and increase overall survival (OS) of dogs affected by multicentric Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) when combined to COP therapy in a double-arm study. Here, we have utilized a clinically validated device for veterinary electroporation called Vet-ePorator™, based on Cliniporator™ technology currently utilized and approved in Europe for electrochemotherapy applications and adapted to electrogenetransfer (EGT). Methods: 17 dogs affected by DLBCL were vaccinated using two Ad vector injections (Prime phase) followed by DNA-EGT (Boost phase) by means of a Vet-ePorator™ device and treated in the same time with a 27-week Madison Wisconsin CHOP protocol. The immune response was measured by ELISA assays using pool of peptides. Results: No significant adverse effects were observed. The OS of vaccine/CHOP animals was 64.5 weeks, in line with the previous study. Dogs developed antibodies against the immunizing antigen. Conclusions: Tel-eVax in combination with CHOP is safe and immunogenic in lymphoma canine patients. These data confirm the therapeutic efficacy of dTERT vaccine and hold promise for the treatment of dogs affected by other cancer types. More importantly, our findings may translate to human clinical trials and represent new strategies for cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Veterinary" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-02a941ea1879", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Response to Letter to the Editor Electrochemotherapy Treatment of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumors", "authors": "Rangel", "year": 2018, "journal": "Artif Organs", "doi": "10.1111/aor.13138", "pmid": "29516580", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", First of all, thank you for your inquiries and your careful reading of our published article (1). The following is a response to valuable questions in our work: 1. Nasal carcinoma (TVT)—Yes, the caption is incorrect. Although in the text we do not make mention of nasal carcinoma, and only the canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT), the caption came out with the incorrect information. We apologize for the inconvenience. 2. CTVT is a relatively common neoplasm in Brazil and although refractory cases are increasingly common, the treatment of choice is still systemic chemotherapy, with very high rates of complete remission. Traditional protocol is with vincristine and when the first fails, doxorubicin is added. There are still few studies that apply immunotherapy to CTVT. Their results with single therapy are subtle when compared with conventional treatment (2).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-c48c7f4c1c30", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as treatment for generalised squamous cell carcinoma in a dog", "authors": "Boncea et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Vet Record Case Reports", "doi": "10.1136/vetreccr-2018-000787", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Canine squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common cutaneous neoplasm in dogs. Treatment options are limited. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been proposed as an alternative treatment for many types of tumours. To describe the use of ECT as treatment for generalised cSCC. An adult dog (four years old) was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4158bd89a4d6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy induces tumor regression and decreases the proliferative index in canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma", "authors": "Dos Anjos et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-52461-6", "pmid": "31676831", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common skin cancer in dogs, and, due to its low metastatic rate, local treatments, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT), promote disease control or even complete remission (CR). This study aimed to evaluate the gene and protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX), the proliferative index and clinical parameters in dogs with cSCC subjected to ECT. A prospective nonrandomized clinical study was performed using dogs with naturally occurring cSCC that was treated with ECT. Eighteen lesions from 11 dogs were selected. The tumor size at day 0 (D0) had no impact on survival or prognosis (P > 0.05). Tumor samples had a lower proliferative index after ECT (D21) than before ECT (P = 0.031). The survival of subjects with Ki67 values lower and higher than the Ki67 median value were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Regarding apoptotic markers, there were no significant differences in the gene and protein expression levels of BAX or Bcl-2 at D0 and D21 (P > 0.05) or in the overall survival of subjects with different levels of apoptotic markers. In conclusion, there was no change in BAX or Bcl-2 gene and protein expression in response to ECT at the time points evaluated, but ECT was able to reduce tumor volume and cellular proliferation in cSCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-16efcd3627db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Calcium electroporation: The bioelectrochemical treatment of spontaneous equine skin tumors results in a local necrosis", "authors": "Galant et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.05.018", "pmid": "31229863", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an anticancer bioelectrochemical therapy where electrical field pulses (electropermeabilization) increase intracellular concentration of antitumor drugs. The procedure is very effective against skin tumors. The restrictive regulations concerning anticancer drugs in veterinary medicine…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d91be2343794", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "A combination of electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer of plasmid encoding canine IL-12 and cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma", "authors": "Milevoj et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Res Vet Sci", "doi": "10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.11.001", "pmid": "30453179", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin and gene electrotransfer (GET) of plasmid encoding canine interleukin 12 (IL-12) for the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM). Our focus was to determine the effect of the treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Veterinary" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-73e49ec6341f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of neoplasms in dogs and cats", "authors": "Rangel et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Austral j. vet. sci.", "doi": "10.4067/S0719-81322019000200045", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a technique that combines chemotherapy with local application of specific electric pulses with the aim of increasing the permeability of the plasma membrane in a reversible way, improving the influx of chemotherapeutic drugs into the cytoplasm and potentiating their cytotoxic effects. This technique has broadened the range of possible treatments for oncological patients, either on its own or as adjuvant to surgical procedures. It is especially useful in tumors located in regions with only a small surgical safety margin, such as the limb extremities, skull, oral cavity, neck and perianal region, among others. ECT makes it feasible to perform procedures more conservatively, or even to perform otherwise infeasible procedures, by expanding the margins without removing healthy tissues. The objective of this paper is to provide a brief bibliographic review of the principles, applications and future possibilities of electrochemotherapy, helping to disseminate pertinent information about this relatively new technique for the treatment of cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-25c40f763d21", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in treatment of canine oral non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. A case series report", "authors": "Simčič et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12530", "pmid": "31419028", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (ntSCC) is a common and locally aggressive oral tumour in dogs. The treatments of choice are currently surgery and radiotherapy. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local ablative anti-tumour technique using electric pulses to enhance the intracellular diffusion of cytotoxic drugs. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-caa0856fde40", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and cisplatin combination for canine soft tissue sarcomas: A study of 30 cases", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.4314/ovj.v9i1.15", "pmid": "31086772", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) couples the administration of anticancer drugs with the delivery of electric pulses that increase the drug uptake through the cell membranes, thus resulting in an improved efficacy. This study has evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of the combination of systemic bleomycin and local…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5446914f14f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Predictive factors of response to electrochemotherapy in canine oral malignant melanoma", "authors": "Tellado et al", "year": 2019, "journal": null, "doi": "10.1101/727164", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a treatment modality which has been increasingly used in veterinary and human medicine for treating cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. In this prospective work we evaluated the outcome of using electrochemotherapy as a first-line treatment for canine oral melanoma in different stages, with the aim of determining predictive factors of response to the treatment. Mucosal melanoma is the most common cause of oral cancer in dogs. Canine oral malignant melanoma is very similar to human oral melanoma in many aspects, being a very good translational model for studying response to this treatment. Sixty-seven canine patients were treated. Intravenous bleomycin was the preferred drug, and the standard operating procedures for electrochemotherapy were followed. The patients were followed-up for two years. According to WHO criteria, the objective response per stage was: stage I 100%, stage II 89.5%, stage III 57.7% and, stage IV 36.4%. The overall median survival was 7.5 months (2-30 months, mean 9.1 months). Median overall survival of patients in stage I was 16.5 months, in stage II was 9 months, in stage III 7.5 months, and in stage IV 4.5 months. The average number of electrochemotherapy sessions was 1.5 for every stage. The incidence of new metastases among treated patients was 28.4%. Patients in advanced stages, with bone involvement, and caudal location of the tumor had poorer response rates and shorter overall survival times. The treatment greatly improved the quality of life of the patients. Electrochemotherapy is an important technique in the oncological armamentarium against melanoma, and these results can be used to predict human response to this therapy in each stage.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-40e2b8a48496", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "A DNA telomerase vaccine for canine cancer immunotherapy", "authors": "Thalmensi", "year": 2019, "journal": "Oncotarget", "doi": "10.18632/oncotarget.26927", "pmid": "31164958", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is highly expressed in more than 90% of canine cancer cells and low to absent in normal cells. Given that immune tolerance to telomerase is easily broken both naturally and experimentally, telomerase is an attractive tumor associated antigen for cancer immunotherapy. Indeed, therapeutic trials using human telomerase peptides have been performed. We have developed an immunogenic yet catalytically inactive human telomerase DNA construct that is in clinical trials with patients presenting solid tumors. Paralleling this human construct, we have developed a canine telomerase DNA vaccine, called pDUV5. When administered intradermally to mice combined with electrogene transfer, pDUV5 induced canine TERT specific cytotoxic T-cells as measured by IFN-γ ELISpot assay. Intradermal vaccination of healthy dogs with 400 μg of pDUV5 generated strong, broad and long lasting TERT specific cellular immune responses. In vitro immunization with cTERT peptides revealed the maintenance of cTERT specific T-cells in PBMCs from tumor bearing dogs showing that this repertoire was not depleted. This study highlights the potential of pDUV5 as a cancer vaccine and supports its evaluation for the treatment of spontaneous canine tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-894a4dbf07ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Soft tissue sarcoma in dogs: A treatment review and a novel approach using electrochemotherapy in a case series", "authors": "Torrigiani et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12462", "pmid": "30688021", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Canine soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are locally invasive mesenchymal neoplasms. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an antitumour local ablative treatment that uses electric pulses to enhance the intracellular delivery of cytotoxic drugs. The aim of this retrospective study was to review the current treatment for STSs and to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bcd388dc2721", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Comparison of two different doses of bleomycin in electrochemotherapy protocols for feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma nonsegregated from ultraviolet light exposure", "authors": "Dos Anjos et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-75472-0", "pmid": "33110198", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common skin tumors in cats due to chronic exposure to ultraviolet light. Local treatments such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) promote disease control or even complete remission. We hypothesize that cats could benefit from treatments using bleomycin at reduced dosages. A prospective nonrandomized single-blind study evaluated the clinical parameters, site lesion, staging, disease-free interval (DFI) and survival time by comparing the standard dose of bleomycin (15,000 UI/m 2 ) (n = 22) with a reduced dose (10,000 UI/m 2 ) (n = 34) in cats with cSCC that underwent ECT as the sole treatment modality. No statistically significant difference in DFI or overall survival was observed between the 2 groups. A higher DFI was found in cats with a small tumor size (less than 0.33 cm 3 ) compared with that for cats with a large tumor size (P = 0.045). Furthermore, a reduced overall survival time for cats with a higher stage in the standard group SG (T3 and T4) (P = 0.004) was observed when compared to that for cats with a lower stage (T1 and T2). In conclusion, ECT using both doses of bleomycin may achieve the same response rate in terms of the overall response, DFI, and overall survival.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-747749c2abfc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Preliminary assessment of electrochemotherapy feasibility in dogs with vesical transitional cell carcinoma", "authors": "Dos Anjos et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Vet Res Forum", "doi": "10.30466/vrf.2020.113009.2688", "pmid": "33133468", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a technique that increases the uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs by tumors. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has been successfully used to treat solid tumors. Recently, novel applications have been explored in the treatment of visceral tumors. This report aimed to describe the ECT as an approach to vesical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ba8bdad3c716", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Calcium Electroporation of Equine Sarcoids", "authors": "Frandsen", "year": 2020, "journal": "Animals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ani10030517", "pmid": "32204512", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Sarcoids are common equine skin tumors where the risk of recurrence after treatment is high, and better treatment options are warranted. Calcium electroporation is a novel anti-cancer treatment where lethally high calcium concentrations are introduced into the cells by electroporation, a method where short high-voltage pulses induce transient permeabilization of the cell membrane. This study investigated the safety and long-term response of calcium electroporation on sarcoids. Thirty-two sarcoids in eight horses were included. The study suggested that calcium electroporation is a safe and feasible treatment for sarcoids, including inoperable sarcoids. Horses were treated once (2/8) or twice (6/8) under general anesthesia, where sarcoids were injected with 220 mM calcium chloride followed by electroporation with 8 pulses of 100 μs, 1 kV/cm, and 1 Hz. Biopsies were taken prior to treatment. The sarcoid size was monitored for 12-38 weeks after the first treatment. Complete response was observed in 22% (6/27) of treated sarcoids, and partial response in 22% (6/27), giving a 44% total response. Treatment efficacy did not appear to be related to location, type, or size. In all non-biopsied lesions, a complete response was seen (4/4). In conclusion, in this small study, 44% of sarcoids responded with 22% of sarcoids disappearing.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e4d815fdf2f1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electroporation as the Immunotherapy Strategy for Cancer in Veterinary Medicine: State of the Art in Latin America", "authors": "Maglietti et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines8030537", "pmid": "32957424", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a technology that increases cell membrane permeability by the application of electric pulses. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), the best-known application of electroporation, is a very effective local treatment for tumors of any histology in human and veterinary medicine. It induces a local yet robust immune response that is responsible for its high effectiveness. Gene electrotransfer (GET), used in research to produce a systemic immune response against cancer, is another electroporation-based treatment that is very appealing for its effectiveness, low cost, and simplicity. In this review, we present the immune effect of electroporation-based treatments and analyze the results of the vast majority of the published papers related to immune response enhancement by gene electrotransfer in companion animals with spontaneous tumors. In addition, we present a brief history of the initial steps and the state of the art of the electroporation-based treatments in Latin America. They have the potential to become an essential form of immunotherapy in the region. This review gives insight into the subject and helps to choose promising research lines for future work; it also helps to select the adequate treatment parameters for performing a successful application of this technology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d53cb478ed5e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant electrochemotherapy after debulking in canine bone osteosarcoma infiltration", "authors": "Martins Taques et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Artif Organs", "doi": "10.1111/aor.13820", "pmid": "32959401", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Osteosarcoma is a bone cancer considered rare to humans, but common in dogs. Dogs and humans share genetic homology and environmental risk factors. Improving the treatment of osteosarcoma in dogs could also be relevant to improve procedures in humans. Traditional treatments of osteosarcoma involve surgery and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-206843466423", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Health-related quality of life in dogs treated with electrochemotherapy and/or interleukin-12 gene electrotransfer", "authors": "Milevoj et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Vet Med Sci", "doi": "10.1002/vms3.232", "pmid": "31910331", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the owners' perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of dogs after treatment with electrochemotherapy (ECT) alone or combined with interleukin-12 gene electrotransfer (IL-12 GET) and/or surgery. The owners of 44 dogs with histologically different tumours were offered the »Cancer Treatment Form« at least one month after treatment. The owners assessed their dogs' quality of life (QoL) after treatment as good (mean 7.4) (from 1-very poor to 10-excellent) and the general health compared with the initial diagnosis of cancer as improving (mean 3.9) (from 1-worse to 5-better). The assessment of the current QoL was better within the group of dogs treated with non-invasive treatment (ECT and/or IL-12 GET only), compared with those that received invasive treatment, where, in addition to ECT and/or IL-12 GET, surgery was performed (p < .05). The owners of dogs that achieved an objective response (OR) to the treatment assessed the QoL as significantly better compared with those whose dogs did not respond to the treatment (p < .05). The majority of the owners (86.4%) would opt for the therapy again, regardless of the financial costs. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the majority of the owners of dogs assessed their dogs' QoL as good and felt that it improved after the treatment, especially in dogs, treated with non-invasive treatment and in those that responded to the treatment. This supports further use of ECT and IL-12 GET as suitable methods for the treatment of selected tumours in veterinary medicine.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-134e76dd053b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electroporation-Based Treatments in Small Animal Veterinary Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology", "authors": "Nemec et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2020.575911", "pmid": "33134356", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a method of inducing an increase in permeability of the cell membrane through the application of an electric field and can be used as a delivery method for introducing molecules of interest (e.g., chemotherapeutics or plasmid DNA) into cells. Electroporation-based treatments (i.e., electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, and their combinations) have been shown to be safe and effective in veterinary oncology, but they are currently mostly recommended for the treatment of those solid tumors for which clients have declined surgery and/or radiotherapy. Published data show that electroporation-based treatments are also safe, simple, fast and cost-effective treatment alternatives for selected oral and maxillofacial tumors, especially small squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma tumors not involving the bone in dogs. In these patients, a good local response to treatment is expected to result in increased survival time with good quality of life. Despite emerging evidence of the clinical efficacy of electroporation-based treatments for oral and maxillofacial tumors, further investigation is needed to optimize treatment protocols, improve clinical data reporting and better understand the mechanisms of patients' response to the treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-70834dba286a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Outcome Following Curative-Intent Electrochemotherapy for Extramedullary Plasmocytoma in Dogs - Case Reports", "authors": "Santos dos Anjos et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Top Companion Anim Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100441", "pmid": "32690286", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Plasma cell tumors can occur as solitary collections referred as extramedullary plasmocytoma (EMP). The present report describes four cases of EMP treated with a local nonthermal ablative approach. Four dogs were diagnosed with extramedullary plasmocytomas (EMP) in different body regions (oral cavity, digits, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1e00943e93ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma and factors influencing treatment outcome", "authors": "Tellado et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2020-0014", "pmid": "32187017", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background Oral malignant melanoma is the most common, but aggressive oral cancer in dogs with poor prognosis. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has therapeutic potential in such tumors as effective local treatment. Therefore, the aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate treatment effectiveness of ECT in as…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Veterinary" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-841e9262b158", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "The First Application of Nanoelectrochemotherapy in Feline Oral Malignant Melanoma Treatment-Case Study", "authors": "Tunikowska et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Animals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ani10040556", "pmid": "32225098", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: The aim of this study was to present the first domestic animal trial of nanosecond electroporation with chemotherapy and CO 2 laser surgery. Methods: sixteen-year-old domestic cat with diagnosed melanoma on oral cavity was the case used in the study. Firstly, CO 2 laser surgery was used for the removal of most of tumor mass. Then nanoelectrochemotherapy with bleomycin was applied including appropriate margin of healthy tissue. A 15 ± 4 kV/cm × 15 ns pulsing protocol was employed with a total of 800 ± 100 pulses. Only one session of nanoelectrochemotherapy (nanoECT) was performed. Results and conclusions: during the next two weeks areas of focal necrosis were replaced by the granulation tissue. Complete wound healing was observed four weeks after initial treatment. After 15 weeks post treatment, no local recurrence was apparent.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fa4daae5c3a1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Response dataset from canine extramedullary plasmacytoma treated with lipophobic drugs enhanced by electroporation", "authors": "dos Anjos et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Data Brief", "doi": "10.1016/j.dib.2020.106085", "pmid": "32802920", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Over the past 15 years, lipophobic drugs, such as bleomycin and cisplatin, have been used combined with electroporation, which promotes their uptake through the cell membrane. The present data describe general findings following electrochemotherapy and how plasmacytomas can respond to this technique. We will explain and illustrate specific outcomes during the remission process. The data presented here can be useful for researchers, veterinarians, and pet owners. Furthermore, the data could be useful for other cutaneous or oral tumors in which electrochemotherapy may be indicated. Interpretation of the data and outcomes may be found in the research article entitled \"Outcome following curative-intent electrochemotherapy for extramedullary plasmocytoma in dogs - case reports .\"", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b0d7b06f7e65", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Results of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Correlate With Treatment Outcome in Canine Neoplasia Treated With Electrochemotherapy and Interleukin-12 Plasmid Electrotransfer", "authors": "Brloznik et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2021.679073", "pmid": "34095282", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) and/or gene electrotransfer of plasmid DNA encoding interleukin-12 (GET pIL-12) are effective treatments for canine cutaneous, subcutaneous, and maxillofacial tumors. Despite the clinical efficacy of the combined treatments of ECT and GET, data on parameters that might predict the outcome of the treatments are still lacking. This study aimed to investigate whether dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) results of subcutaneous tumors differ between tumors with complete response (CR) and tumors without complete response (non-CR) in dogs treated with ECT and GET pIL-12. Eight dogs with a total of 12 tumor nodules treated with ECT and GET pIL-12 were included. DCE-US examinations were performed in all animals before and immediately after therapy as well as 8 h and 1, 3, and 7 days later. Clinical follow-up examinations were performed 7 and 14 days, 1 and 6 months, and 1 year after treatment. Numerous significant differences in DCE-US parameters were noted between tumors with CR and non-CR tumors; perfusion and perfusion heterogeneity were lower in CR tumors than in non-CR tumors. Therefore, studies with larger numbers of patients are needed to investigate whether DCE-US results can be used to predict treatment outcomes and to make effective decisions about the need for repeated therapy or different treatment combinations in individual patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6786b53b002c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "A Retrospective Multicentric Study of Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Feline Nasal Planum Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Simčič et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3390/vetsci8030053", "pmid": "33809822", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Feline squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is currently treated with surgery, radiation therapy and electrochemotherapy (ECT). Both the efficacy and/or safety of ECT were evaluated as a sole therapy with bleomycin to treat feline nasal planum SCC (npSCC). Sixty-one cats were enrolled. Local treatment response was evaluated as complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR) or stable disease (SD). Recurrence rate (RR), disease-free interval (DFI) and progression free survival (PFS) were calculated. A six-point scale was used for ECT toxicity. The median tumor size was 1.5 cm. CR was achieved in 65.6% of cases, PR in 31.1% and SD in 3.3%. The overall response rate was 96.7%, RR was 22.5%, median DFI was 136 days, and median PFS was 65.5 days. ECT toxicity was ≤2 in 51% of cats. Tumor recurrence/progression ( p = 0.014) and local treatment response (PR: p < 0.001; SD: p < 0.001) influenced survival time. Cats with toxicity >2 showed a higher probability of tumor recurrence/progression. Tumor-related death was higher in cats with PR ( p < 0.001) and recurrence/progression ( p = 0.002), in ECT treatment with 1 Hz ( p = 0.035) and 1200 V/cm ( p = 0.011) or 1300 V/cm ( p = 0.016). Tumor size influenced local treatment response ( p = 0.008) and toxicity ( p < 0.001). ECT is an effective treatment for feline npSCCs and should be considered as the first-line procedure for low-stage tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c784cfdf2de4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous solid tumors in equids A retrospective study", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.5455/ovj.2021.v11.i3.8", "pmid": "34722200", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) promotes the increased uptake of antitumor agents through the administration of permeabilizing electric pulses, thus enhancing chemotherapy effectiveness. Aim: Our study aimed to describe the tolerability and efficacy of ECT alone or in association with surgery to manage solid…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1190a2d30e8c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a treatment option for feline nasal melanoma", "authors": "Little et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "JFMS Open Rep", "doi": "10.1177/20551169221074231", "pmid": "35173972", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Case summary: A 4-year-old domestic shorthair cat presented to North Downs Specialist Referrals for treatment of a 7 mm melanoma of the nasal planum. Two treatments of electrochemotherapy using intravenous bleomycin as a chemotherapeutic agent were administered. The tumour was no longer visible after treatment. At the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7af5b06f1579", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Palliative repeated electroporations of oral tumours in dogs A case series", "authors": "Moretti et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2022.1004811", "pmid": "36439338", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a highly developed treatment for many solid tumours that provides good local control in 80% of neoplasms in dogs. ECT can be used to treat different types of tumours, particularly as an innovative approach for non-resectable masses. As reported in the literature, electroporation-based treatments are safe, simple, fast and cost-effective treatment alternatives for selected oral and maxillofacial tumours not involving the bone in dogs (e.g., small squamous cell carcinoma or malignant melanoma). In this descriptive retrospective paper, the authors describe the outcome of various types of oral tumours treated with ECT as a palliative first line treatment or as a rescue treatment in dogs with local tumour recurrence. Nineteen dogs were included and treated with at least one session of three electroporations coupled with intravenous administration of bleomycin every 21 days. Tumour size, localization, histotype, stage, recurrence, solid tumour response evaluation criteria (RECIST), local toxicity, progression free survival (PFS) and median survival time (MST) were evaluated. The small population did not allow the analysis of the ECT response by comparing different tumour types; further studies with a larger caseload are needed. However, all dogs, despite the low MST, showed a good local response to treatment with a rapid improvement in quality of life from the first ECT application; no side effects attributable to chemotherapy have been detected and toxicity due to the electroporation was minimal and well tolerated in all dogs.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f9561dfce079", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas A Critical Review of the Literature", "authors": "Pazzi et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3390/vetsci9050196", "pmid": "35622724", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Critical appraisal of the available literature for the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is lacking. This critical review aimed to evaluate the current literature and provide treatment recommendations and possible suggestions for future canine OMM research. PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched in June 2021, for terms relevant to treatment of OMM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and information on clinical response and outcome extracted. Eighty-one studies were included. The overall level of evidence supporting the various canine OMM treatment options was low. The majority of studies included confounding treatment modalities and lacked randomization, control groups and consistency in reporting clinical response and outcomes. Within these limitations, surgery remains the mainstay of therapy. Adjunctive radiotherapy provided good local control and improved median survival times (MST), chemotherapy did not offer survival benefit beyond that of surgery, while electrochemotherapy may offer a potential alternative to radiotherapy. Immunotherapy holds the most promise in extending MST in the surgical adjunctive setting, in particular the combination of gene therapy and autologous vaccination. Prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trials, with a lack of confounding factors and reporting based on established guidelines would allow comparison and recommendations for the treatment of canine OMM.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b453ceb2ba99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy using thin-needle electrode improves recovery in feline nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma - a translational model", "authors": "Tellado et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancer Drug Resist", "doi": "10.20517/cdr.2022.24", "pmid": "36176753", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Aim: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common disease in patients exposed to UV-light and human papillomavirus. Electrochemotherapy, a well-established treatment modality with minimum side effects in human and veterinary medicine, circumvents chemoresistance to bleomycin by the use of electric fields. However, patients are sensitive to the trauma produced by the insertion of the needles that lengthen recovery times, particularly cats with nasal planum cSCC. To address this matter, we developed thin-needles electrodes. Methods: Thin-needles electrodes developed using computer simulations and plant tissue models were compared to standard electrodes. A prospective non-randomized study recruiting 52 feline patients with nasal planum cSCC was performed. Local response, anorexia, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Computer simulations and plant model experiments showed satisfactory results with both electrodes. The patients treated with the thin-needle electrode obtained similar local response rates compared to the standard group, OR 97.3% vs. 80%, respectively ( P < 0.067). Most patients in the thin-needle group resumed eating in less than 48 h, as the anorexia was significantly lower ( P < 0.0001). Using the standard electrode, most patients took 3 to 5 days to resume normal feeding. The electric current circulating in the standard electrode was 44% higher, contributing to a longer duration of anorexia due to tissue damage. The overall survival in both groups was similar. Conclusion: Electrochemotherapy using thin-needle electrodes provides equivalent local response rates and overall survival compared with standard electrodes but significantly reduced return to appetite after the treatment. These results may be useful in the development of new electrodes for human patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0a60751381a1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Veterinary Guidelines for Electrochemotherapy of Superficial Tumors", "authors": "Tellado et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2022.868989", "pmid": "35968026", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) consists in the application of electric pulses to increase chemotherapeutic drug intake (bleomycin, cisplatin, or calcium) into the tumor cells. It has become a very valuable treatment option in veterinary oncology. It is an effective and safe treatment modality, which is not only beneficial as a palliative treatment, but also for a curative approach. Performing the treatment adequately will ensure the best results possible, in the minimum number of sessions, and reduce complications. Usually, only one session is enough to achieve excellent results, but the treatment can be repeated. Several sessions can be necessary in the case of incompletely treated or very extended lesions, as well as in the occurrence of new lesions. ECT is effective for superficial or oral tumors of any histology that are accessible to the electrodes. Intravenous bleomycin is the preferred drug and route of administration, leaving other ways of administration and drugs for selected cases. The guidelines presented here are destined to veterinarians who want to develop their understanding of the basis of ECT and wish to perform it adequately and effectively. In this paper, we also discuss common problems and how to solve them, and we include practical tips to improve the treatment results based on common questions and mistakes of beginner users.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3497059930ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Adjuvant electrochemotherapy of malignant ocular melanoma in a dog", "authors": "Dos Santos da Luz et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Vet Res Forum", "doi": "10.30466/vrf.2023.1983391.3721", "pmid": "37901350", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Melanocytoma and malignant melanoma are the most typical eye tumors in dogs and cats. Due to the presence of melanin, the general appearance is often highly pigmented in a nodular formation with well-defined borders. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a therapy combining reversible electroporation and anti-neoplastic drugs…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-388e7681232e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Treatment of spontaneous canine mast cell tumors by electrochemotherapy combined with IL-12 gene electrotransfer: Comparison of intratumoral and peritumoral application of IL-12", "authors": "Lampreht Tratar et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int Immunopharmacol", "doi": "10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110274", "pmid": "37216797", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "The combined treatment of electrochemotherapy (ECT) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene electrotransfer (GET) has already been used in clinical studies in dogs to treat various histological types of spontaneous tumors. The results of these studies show that the treatment is safe and effective. However, in these clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Veterinary" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7d95feba0297", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Canine squamous cell carcinoma: Electrochemotherapy association with surgery and correlation with overall survival", "authors": "de Castro Cunha et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12882", "pmid": "36745052", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an important malignancy in dogs, due to its incidence and clinical presentation, which can be of locally aggressive single or multiple lesions with a metastatic potential. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate SCC response to treatment, anatomopathological and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-520f8f93991c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Comparison of Three Chemotherapy Protocols With Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Feline Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Diop et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12995", "pmid": "39007448", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) with intravenous (IV) and/or intratumoral (IT) bleomycin has shown considerable efficacy in the treatment of non-resectable feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), boasting response rates of up to 95%, but other chemotherapy protocols have not yet been investigated. The objective of this prospective multicentre study was to compare the overall response rate (ORR) and progression-free interval (PFI) between cats with cSCC treated with ECT using IT and IV carboplatin (IV + IT), IV carboplatin (IV) or IV bleomycin (IV). A total of 44 cats with unresectable cSCC across three centres were enrolled and treated with ECT using carboplatin IV + IT (n = 10), carboplatin IV (n = 11) or bleomycin IV (n = 23). Treatment response according to RECIST criteria was recorded at 2 and 4 weeks post-treatment, and patients were followed until disease progression and/or death. All three groups were comparable regarding age, sex, weight, and lesion size. Adverse events were generally mild, localised and similar between groups. ORRs were 90.0% (carboplatin IV + IT), 90.9% (carboplatin IV) and 95.6% (bleomycin IV) and were not significantly different (p = 0.79). Median PFI was not reached for carboplatin IV + IT or carboplatin IV and was 566 days for bleomycin IV, with no significant difference between the three groups (p = 0.81). This study suggests that ECT using IV or IV + IT carboplatin is a reasonable alternative therapeutic option for managing cSCC, and further studies are warranted to compare outcomes between treatment protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7c01eaa2120e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Description of outcome and adverse events in 21 cats with locally advanced nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Ferrer-Jorda et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Feline Med Surg", "doi": "10.1177/1098612x241248043", "pmid": "39073984", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common tumour in the nasal planum of cats. Surgery has traditionally been the treatment of choice but might not be feasible in locally advanced scenarios. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has shown good control in superficial tumours, but there is a lack of robust…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-375be99a64a3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin for bilateral ocular squamous cell carcinoma in a horse", "authors": "Larsen et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Vet Ophthalmol", "doi": "10.1111/vop.13310", "pmid": "39681541", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To describe the procedure and outcome of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin as a first-line treatment for bilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in the eye of a horse. Animal studied: A client-owned 5-year-old Haflinger gelding with limbal-conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. Procedures…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9ca2dcb80f38", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Treatment of metastatic apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma in a cat with association of surgical resection and angular oris reconstruction, extensive lymphadenectomy, electrochemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy", "authors": "Pimentel et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Top Companion Anim Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100921", "pmid": "39251018", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma (ASGAC) is a rare skin carcinoma in cats. In some cases, this tumor occurs in anatomical sites of challenging wide surgical resection, which increases the need for adjuvant therapies for residual disease. These include radiotherapy or electrochemotherapy (ECT), local treatments for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a4297a2c1b6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in dogs and cats-A review", "authors": "Ramos et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.12980", "pmid": "38866596", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a treatment modality that combines the electroporation of cell membranes with chemotherapy to facilitate the transport of non-permeant molecules into cells. Several canine and feline studies have shown promising results, suggesting that ECT can be a valid adjuvant or alternative treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-19a539fb233f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of basal cell tumours of the nasal planum in three cats", "authors": "Salmoral et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "JFMS Open Rep", "doi": "10.1177/20551169231213499", "pmid": "38322251", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Case series summary: Malignant basal cell tumours may be seen on or near the nasal planum in cats, and include basal cell carcinomas, which are common, and basosquamous carcinomas, which are rare. Reported treatments for these tumours include surgical excision, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy and cryosurgery. This…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7e00292a80b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Case report: Complete clinical remission of feline progressive histiocytosis after multimodal treatment including electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Sena et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2024.1397592", "pmid": "39239387", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Feline histiocytic diseases are uncommon and rarely reported. Feline progressive histiocytosis (FPH) is the most common histiocytic disease in cats, predominantly affecting middle-aged animals. The most common presentation is the cutaneous form with solitary or multiple cutaneous nodules. A female, mixed-breed 6-year-old cat was presented with a 9-month history of a nodule in the nasal planum and was diagnosed by histopathology with histiocytic proliferation. At the time of diagnosis, new nodules were discovered on the lower lip, digit, and two lesions in the tail region, with the largest measuring 1.5 cm. Supplementary immunohistochemistry, showed immunolabeling for Iba-1 that in combination with the clinical course of the disease, confirmed the diagnosis of FPH. No response to chemotherapy treatment with lomustine alternated with doxorubicin was achieved. Toceranib phosphate resulted in a transient response and, stable disease for a short period (6 weeks). Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin was initiated and resulted in partial remission. Later on, chlorambucil was also started. Ultimately, the combination of all three treatments led to a complete response and disappearance of all the lesions. FPH is considered a disease resistant to various treatments, and effective treatments have not been reported. In this case report, we describe a successful multimodal therapeutic approach that resulted in complete resolution of the FPH and long-term survival (460 days without external lesions at the time of death). Further studies are necessary to confirm the efficacy of this therapeutic approach.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c7f07c295295", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electroporation in Translational Medicine From Veterinary Experience to Human Oncology", "authors": "Spugnini et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16051067", "pmid": "38473422", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) is a broadly accepted procedure that, through the application of electric pulses with appropriate amplitudes and waveforms, promotes the delivery of anticancer molecules in various oncology therapies. EP considerably boosts the absorptivity of targeted cells to anticancer molecules of different natures, thus upgrading their effectiveness. Its use in veterinary oncology has been widely explored, and some applications, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT), are currently approved as first-line treatments for several neoplastic conditions. Other applications include irreversible electroporation and EP-based cancer vaccines. In human oncology, EP is still mostly restricted to therapies for cutaneous tumors and the palliation of cutaneous and visceral metastases of malignant tumors. Fields where veterinary experience could help smooth the clinical transition to humans include intraoperative EP, interventional medicine and cancer vaccines. This article recapitulates the state of the art of EP in veterinary and human oncology, recounting the most relevant results to date.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-937d46ba96fe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Perineural invasion as a predictor of local recurrence in cats with squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "dos Santos et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2024.1408260", "pmid": "38903688", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant neoplasm that accounts for approximately 15-25% and 70-80% of all feline cutaneous and oral tumors, respectively. Similar to that in humans, feline SCC can be highly invasive locally; however, its metastasis rate is low. Thus, effective local treatment may be curative for most patients, and includes surgery, electrochemotherapy (ECT), cryosurgery, or a combination of these. However, this neoplasia can manifest more aggressively in some patients, leading to higher recurrence rates. In humans, perineural invasion (PNI) has been described as a relevant tumor dissemination pathway associated with high-risk SCC, resulting in higher recurrence rates, resistance to local treatments, and short survival. However, PNI and its prognostic value have not been described in feline SCC. This study aimed to evaluate the PNI in a feline population with SCC treated with ECT and correlate its presence with the occurrence of local recurrence and other clinical variables. Methods: Twenty-four cats histopathologically diagnosed with SCC between 2013 and 2021 were retrospectively selected from the medical records of the Oncological Center Vet Cancer (São Paulo, SP, Brazil). The inclusion criteria were ECT as the sole therapy, histopathological evaluation of PNI, and absence of distant metastatic disease. Results: The complete response rate was 96% (23/24), and PNI was identified in 33% of the cats (8/24, PNI-positive group), whereas 67% were free of this invasion (16/24, PNI-negative group). All PNI-positive cats developed local recurrence, whereas only five PNI-negative cats experienced recurrence. Local recurrence was significantly associated with PNI ( p = 0.03). Discussion: The results of this study are preliminary but promising. The data obtained are the first regarding PNI occurrence in feline SCC and pave the way for further studies, mainly to correlate the PNI with survival data and better define its prognostic value.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-158a595b0646", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for canine prostatic carcinoma treatment", "authors": "Amato et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i9.60", "pmid": "41200283", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Canine prostatic carcinoma (PC) is an uncommon neoplasia characterized by aggressive biological behavior. Treatment options include surgery (partial or total prostatectomy), radiation therapy (RT), and medical treatment [non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), chemotherapy, or tyrosine kinase…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cebd5c2b2f38", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Clinical evaluation of HuDo-CSPG4 DNA electroporation as adjuvant treatment for canine oral malignant melanoma: comparison of two vaccination protocols", "authors": "Camerino et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Vet Q", "doi": "10.1080/01652176.2025.2473717", "pmid": "40059815", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is an aggressive, spontaneously occurring tumor carrying a poor to guarded prognosis and relatively limited therapeutic strategies. In this landscape, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)4 represents a promising immunotherapeutic target. The objective of this bi-center…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d18e516bebde", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy is effective in the treatment of early-stage feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma", "authors": "Foo et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Feline Med Surg", "doi": "10.1177/1098612x251347152", "pmid": "40685551", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "ObjectivesFeline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignant tumour arising from squamous epithelium and accounts for 15% of all skin tumours, commonly involving the nasal planum, pinnae and eyelids. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines the application of short high-voltage electric pulses with intravenous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-44aa53f14b0c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Successful treatment of cutaneous mast cell tumors in cats using electrochemotherapy: A case series", "authors": "Ruanova et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Open Vet J", "doi": "10.5455/ovj.2025.v15.i7.48", "pmid": "41036372", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) is one of the most common skin neoplasms in cats and typically exhibits clinically benign behavior. Multiple MCTs, recurrent tumors, or infiltrated lymph nodes are associated with a more guarded prognosis. Surgery is the treatment of choice. However, the presence of multiple…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3375550e46a6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy for feline lingual squamous cell carcinoma: a case report of functional preservation as a palliative approach", "authors": "Akiyoshi et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2026.1850098", "pmid": "42549220", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "A 14-year-old spayed female Persian cat with lingual feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) was treated with bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy (ECT), resulting in sustained preservation of oral function and quality of life despite advanced disease. At presentation, the cat exhibited severe weight loss, oral pain, and reduced voluntary food intake. ECT was performed using intravenous bleomycin (20 mg/m 2 ) followed by electric pulse delivery via an eight-needle electrode array. Following treatment, marked tumor regression was observed, accompanied by substantial reduction in oral pain, restoration of voluntary feeding, and body weight gain from 1.7 kg to 2.6 kg during the treatment period. Voluntary eating and drinking were preserved throughout the clinical course until the terminal stage. Repeated examinations under general anesthesia revealed no gross abnormalities in the larynx or tonsils. The cat died due to renal failure unrelated to tumor progression. Postmortem histopathology revealed extensive SCC infiltration involving the tongue base, tonsils, and epiglottis despite the absence of clinical abnormalities during life. This case demonstrates that ECT can provide meaningful palliation, including preservation of oral function and quality of life, in cats with biologically advanced lingual FOSCC. In addition, the marked discrepancy between clinical findings and histopathologic tumor extent suggests the possibility of clinically inapparent regional spread, which may have important implications for staging and treatment planning. These findings also suggest that ECT may preserve superficial functional structures while allowing progression of submucosal tumor components.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0cf0a7c7431a", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as an Emerging Alternative Treatment Option in Neoplasms of Pet Birds", "authors": "Ertürk ve Özsoy", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "( ) * Corresponding author: Esma Hande Ertürk Phone: +90 535 015 23 61 E-mail: esmahande.sevis@ogr.iuc.edu.tr How to cite this article? Ertürk EH, Özsoy S: Electrochemotherapy as an Emerging Alternative Treatment Option in Neoplasms of Pet Birds. JAWS, 2026 (Article in Press).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "J Anatolian Wildlife Sci", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-70557cbaab4a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "A pilot study of electrical resistance in feline squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Franchini et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8592493/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Tumors are complex microenvironments in which uncontrolled cell proliferation alters biochemical pathways as well as the physical and electrical properties of tissues. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) exploits electroporation-induced transient increases in cell membrane permeability to enhance intracellular delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Electroporation is associated with a reduction in tissue electrical resistance due to aqueous pore formation, influenced by electric field intensity, pulse number, and tissue architecture. This study aimed to evaluate changes in tumor electrical resistance during ECT in 39 cats with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to investigate potential correlations between resistance reduction and therapeutic response. Lesions were located on the nasal planum or eyelids and staged as T 1 –T 4 N 0 M 0 . Tumor electrical resistance (Ω) was recorded in real time for each pulse during all ECT sessions using a veterinary-modified clinical electroporator with integrated resistance-measurement software. Resistance values ranged from 600 to 4900 Ω. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease in resistance across sessions and pulses. Resistance was higher in eyelid lesions compared with nasal planum tumors and lower in cats achieving complete response. Additionally, resistance varied significantly among tumor grading, with a significant interaction between tumor stage and localization. In conclusion, tumor electrical resistance decreases during ECT in feline SCC, and lower resistance values are associated with improved local tumor control. Real-time resistance monitoring may represent a non-invasive surrogate marker of effective electroporation and treatment adequacy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6a6ef875e0aa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrical resistance measurement in feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy: a pilot study", "authors": "Franchini et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-59069-7", "pmid": "42362705", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Tumors are complex microenvironments in which uncontrolled cell proliferation alters biochemical pathways as well as the physical and electrical properties of tissues. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) exploits electroporation-induced transient increases in cell membrane permeability to enhance intracellular delivery of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2567c936665b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Long-Term Outcome of Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Stages (T 3 -T 4 ) of Feline Nasal Planum Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Franchini et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.70087", "pmid": "42400110", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is increasingly used as a locoregional treatment for feline squamous cell carcinoma, but its role in advanced nasal planum disease remains poorly defined. This retrospective study evaluated the long-term outcome of ECT as a sole treatment modality in 18 cats with T 3 -T 4 N 0 M 0 nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma. Adverse events were assessed according to VCOG-CTCAE v2. Response was assessed using RECIST v1.1 criteria, and progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) were analysed using Kaplan-Meier methods. At the end of treatment, 72.2% of cats achieved complete response, 16.7% partial response and 11.1% stable disease, resulting in an overall response rate of 88.8%. The 1-year complete response rate was 61.1%. Treatment response was significantly associated with PFS (p = 0.006), OS (p < 0.001) and TTP (p = 0.006), while recurrence was associated with shorter PFS (p = 0.003) and OS (p = 0.002). The 1-year risk of recurrence was 50%. Adverse events were mostly low-grade (VCOG Grade I-II) and self-limiting, the most common being transient local pain, erythema/crusting and pruritus; no grade ≥ 3 complications such as tissue necrosis or fistula formation were observed. These results suggest that ECT is an effective and well-tolerated treatment also in advanced stages nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma, with high response rates and long-term control disease. The risk of recurrence underscores the need for prolonged follow-up, as additional treatment sessions may be performed upon relapse, while ECT can also be used with palliative intent to prolong survival while preserving quality of life.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c154e8c54e32", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx in a Dog", "authors": "Frigerio et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Case Rep Vet Med", "doi": "10.1155/crve/5935429", "pmid": "42434020", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm commonly affecting the skin and oral cavity of dogs, whereas laryngeal involvement is considered rare. Neoplasms arising in the larynx may cause severe upper airway obstruction and present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the anatomical and functional constraints of this region. An 11-year-old neutered male mixed-breed dog was evaluated for a one-month history of progressive upper airway obstruction characterized by dyspnea, tachypnea, and dysphagia. Clinical examination revealed a solitary mass protruding into the laryngeal lumen in the arytenoid region. Surgical excision was performed, and intraoperative frozen section evaluation indicated compromised surgical margins. Definitive histopathology confirmed an invasive SCC. Adjunct electrochemotherapy was applied following identification of compromised surgical margins, and the dog showed favorable short-term clinical recovery following surgery. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis was observed during a three-month follow-up period. This case highlights the clinical relevance of laryngeal SCC in dogs and emphasizes the importance of thorough clinical examination and early detection, as well as the integration of clinical evaluation, histopathology, and intraoperative margin assessment in the management of upper airway neoplasms. The combined use of surgical excision, frozen section analysis, and adjunct electrochemotherapy may be considered a potential therapeutic approach in anatomically constrained regions where complete tumor removal is limited.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-77b6d802b2bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Prognostic factors in cats with squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Holanda et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Vet J", "doi": "10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106755", "pmid": "42349630", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as a valuable therapeutic option for feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, the influence of clinicopathological variables on treatment outcomes remains insufficiently defined. This study included 35 cats with histopathologically confirmed SCC that underwent electrochemotherapy following intravenous administration of bleomycin (15,000 IU/m²). Animals were followed up, and clinicopathological data were collected, including muscle condition score (MCS), body condition score (BCS), tumor size, staging, necrosis, mitotic count, perineural invasion, tumor budding, treatment response, and toxicity. Early-stage tumors (T1-T2) were identified in 31.4% of cats, whereas 68.6% presented advanced-stage tumors (T3-T4). The objective response rate was 100%, with 65.7% achieving complete response (CR) and 34.3% partial response (PR). Median overall survival was 300 days, and median progression-free survival was 285 days. The median tumor diameter was 2.3 cm, and tumors exceeding this value were associated with increased odds of higher toxicity grades (OR 23.1; p < 0.001) and partial response to ECT (OR 36.6; p = 0.003). Multivariable analysis identified an increased risk of disease progression in cats with reduced MCS and BCS (HR 4.69; p = 0.011) and in those achieving PR to ECT (HR 14.98; p < 0.001). Similarly, reduced MCS and BCS (HR 4.68; p = 0.017) and PR to ECT (HR 22.24; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for death. These findings highlight the clinical relevance of tumor size, treatment response, and nutritional status in cats with SCC treated with ECT.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b023dd6a920a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Long-term outcome and adverse events following calcium electroporation in 4 dogs with solid malignant tumors", "authors": "Holst et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Am Vet Med Assoc", "doi": "10.2460/javma.25.12.0792", "pmid": "41806484", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome of calcium electroporation in treating canine superficial solid tumors using 1 or 2 treatment sessions and to assess the associated adverse events and effects on quality of life. Animals: 4 client-owned dogs were treated between February 2021 and May 2022. Clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-37d2f2bc4868", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Long-term Response to Electrochemotherapy as Sole Treatment in a Cat with Metastatic Lower Eyelid Mast Cell Tumor", "authors": "D LESCAI, B BAROIU, A COTIȚOSU, A CRISTEA", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine", "doi": "10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2025.0025", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Mast cell tumors (MCT) in anatomically complex periocular regions of cats often preclude curative surgery. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) offers local control while preserving function. A 17-year-old spayed domestic shorthair presented with a 2.5 cm lower eyelid MCT and ipsilateral submandibular lymph node metastasis…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-84f6b179bee5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Assessment of Fecal Microbiota in Healthy Dogs and Dogs with Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors Treated with Electrochemotherapy Combined with Gene Electrotransfer of IL-12", "authors": "Lisjak et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3390/vetsci13030241", "pmid": "41893658", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İnterlökin-12 Aracılı İmmün Uyarım", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Cancer is a major health concern, with its incidence rate continuing to increase. There is growing interest in the microbiota and its role in carcinogenesis, as it significantly influences physiological and pathological processes. Various aspects of the microbiome have been shown to have both anti-tumor and pro-tumor effects. Advances in techniques such as high-throughput DNA sequencing have greatly improved our understanding of microbial populations in the human and canine gut. We aimed to (1) characterize the intestinal microbiota of healthy dogs and dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs), (2) assess changes in the intestinal microbiota of dogs undergoing electrochemotherapy (ECT) combined with gene electrotransfer (GET) of the IL-12 plasmid (IL-12), and (3) explore possible associations with the expression of immune markers Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and Granzyme B (GZMB) in MCT tissue. Stool samples were collected from healthy dogs ( n = 24) and dogs with MCTs ( n = 24) before and after ECT and IL-12 GET. DNA was extracted from the samples, and shallow shotgun sequencing was performed. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the tumors to assess the expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and GZMB. The dysbiosis index, alpha diversity, and beta diversity did not differ between groups. Regarding microbial composition, Bifidobacterium animalis , Corynebacterium variabile , Lactobacillus johnsonii , Pediococcus pentosaceus , Streptococcus anginosus , Streptococcus equinus , Streptococcus intermedius , Clostridium thermobutyricum , Megasphaera elsdenii , and Anaerobiospirillum sp. were found in lower relative abundance in feces of dogs with MCTs, while Bacteroides togonis , Lactobacillus amylolyticus , Prevotella sp. CAG:279 , and Megamonas hypermegale were more abundant compared to healthy dogs. Our study provides further insight into the composition of the gut microbiota in dogs with MCTs, where ECT and IL-12 GET did not lead to major shifts. We were unable to establish any association between the expression of immune markers and the microbiota.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-72335b554120", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of maxillary multilobular bone tumor in a dog: clinical, histopathological, and tomographic findings", "authors": "Martins et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Braz J Vet Med", "doi": "10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm011225", "pmid": "41809724", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Multilobular Bone Tumor (MBT) is a rare, slow-growing, and locally invasive neoplasm in middle-aged to older dogs, occurring predominantly in flat bones of the skull, pelvis, or ribs. This work reports the case of a 10-year-old, castrated, male Schnauzer, presenting with a tumorous growth in the incisor region measuring 1.0 x 0.7 x 0.6 centimeters for 30 days. Excisional biopsy revealed polygonal, hyperchromatic mesenchymal cells with oval nuclei and condensed chromatin, confirming a well-differentiated MLTB. However, the tumor recurred within 5 months, measuring 3.3 x 2.4 centimeters in the same region. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a mixed bone reaction, predominantly lytic, involving the incisive bone at the level of the incisor and canine teeth. The owner declined rostral maxillectomy and opted for a palliative approach with electrochemotherapy (bleomycin 15,000 UI/m 2 ) at the tumor site. Complete remission was achieved within 28 days with macroscopic areas suggestive of scarring. The disease-free interval was 365 days without adjuvant therapy. However, at 435 days post-procedure (D0), recurrence was observed in the incisor region, accompanied by respiratory distress. Staging revealed pulmonary metastasis, leading to a decision for humane euthanasia owing to poor prognosis. Electrochemotherapy for oral MLTB in this dog demonstrated good efficacy, prolonged local control, and no regional functional impairments. O Tumor Ósseo Multilobular (MLTB) é um tumor raro, de crescimento lento e localmente invasivo em cães de meia idade a idosos, ocorrendo principalmente em ossos chatos do crânio , pelve ou costela.. Esse trabalho relata um macho, castrado, raça Schnauzer, de 10 anos de idade, com crescimento tumoral na região dos incisivos de 1,0 x 0,7 x 0,6 centímetros há 30 dias. A biópsia excisional foi realizada evidenciando células mesenquimais poligonais, hipercromática, núcleo oval, cromatina condensada confirmando MLTB bem diferenciado. Entretanto, houve recidiva em 5 meses de 3,3 x 2,4 centímetros na mesma região. A tomografia computadorizada evidenciou reação óssea mista, predominantemente lítica, envolvendo osso incisivo ao nível de dentes incisivos e caninos. A maxilectomia rostral foi recusada pelo tutor, optando pela abordagem paliativa com eletroquimioterapia (bleomicina 15,000 UI/m 2 ) na região tumoral. Em 28 dias houve remissão completa com áreas macroscópicas sugestivas de tecido cicatricial. O tempo livre de doença foi de 365 dias sem terapia adjuvante. Entretanto, aos 435 dias do procedimento (D0), houve recidiva na região dos incisivos com alteração respiratória. No estadiamento, foi observada metástase pulmonar sendo optado pela eutanásia humanitária devido ao prognóstico ruim. O uso da EQT para MLTB oral neste cão mostrou boa eficácia, controle local prolongado e sem alteração funcional da região.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-60917ded458b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Pharmacokinetics of bleomycin in dogs treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Milevoj et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Vet Q", "doi": "10.1080/01652176.2026.2648249", "pmid": "41879177", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Bleomycin (BLM) is a cytotoxic antibiotic used in veterinary oncology, primarily in electrochemotherapy (ECT), a local ablative therapy where electric pulses increase drug uptake in tumours. BLM is administered intravenously or intratumourally, with the standard intravenous dose for dogs being 15,000 IU/m², followed by electric pulses 8-10 minutes later. This protocol is derived from human oncology and lacks extensive pharmacological data in dogs. We studied BLM pharmacokinetics in 29 dogs with various tumours treated with intravenous BLM and ECT between 2017 and 2023. Samples were collected from serum of 15 dogs, serum and tumours of 8 dogs, and tumours of 6 dogs. The mean volume of distribution (Vd) of BLM was 224.5 ± 75.02 ml/kg, clearance (CL) was 7.04 ± 2.05 ml/kg/min, and area under the curve (AUC) was 65.87 ± 2.11 µg·min/l. The half-life (t₁ / ₂) of BLM in dogs was 22.03 ± 0.88 minutes. No significant difference was found in tumour BLM concentrations between 8 minutes post-administration and 2 minutes after pulse completion. These results support the recommended 8-28-minute window for applying electric pulses following intravenous BLM administration and may indicate no need for dose adjustments based on body weight or age.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6ae2c2ce676d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Outcome of dogs with low- and high-grade mast cell tumors treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Ojeda et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vet Intern Med", "doi": "10.1093/jvimsj/aalaf081", "pmid": "41742563", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background Mast cell tumors (MCTs) in dogs pose therapeutic challenges that vary with histopathological grade. Hypothesis/objectives Electrochemotherapy (ECT) alone would result in a clinically meaningful response in nonmetastatic cutaneous MCTs, with efficacy varying by tumor grade. Animals Twenty-nine client-owned…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2423f667f367", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with carboplatin and bleomycin associated with mastectomy in cats with mammary carcinoma: A pilot study", "authors": "Regadas et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Top Companion Anim Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.tcam.2026.101078", "pmid": "42288150", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "In cats, the high incidence of malignant mammary neoplasms with elevated rates of metastasis and recurrence underscores the need for more effective therapies to prevent disease progression. This preliminary study evaluated the impact of carboplatin or bleomycin electrochemotherapy on recurrence rates, adverse effects, and overall survival in female cats with mammary carcinoma undergoing mastectomy. Thirty-four female cats with mammary carcinoma were assigned to four groups: Group 1 (mastectomy), Group 2 (mastectomy plus chemotherapy), Group 3 (mastectomy plus electrochemotherapy with carboplatin and chemotherapy), and Group 4 (mastectomy plus electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and chemotherapy). The tumors were classified and graded histologically, and the proliferative index was assessed using Ki-67. Most cases were stage III, and 50% had nodal metastases. The predominant tumor types included cribriform carcinoma and histological grade II. All groups showed a high Ki-67 proliferation index (>20%), with no significant differences (p = 0.753). Hematocrit values in the fourth chemotherapy session were higher in G3 than in G2 (p = 0.022). The highest numerical recurrence rate occurred in G1, while no recurrences were observed in G2 or G4 during follow-up; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.086). Overall survival analysis showed a 82% mortality rate; G1 had 100% mortality, with a significant difference compared with the other groups (p = 0.0287). More chemotherapy sessions (≥5) were significantly associated with increased overall survival (p = 0.002), adding a mean of 39.1 days to disease-free survival per additional session. Taken together, these preliminary findings suggest that mastectomy alone was insufficient to control progression the cancer. Carboplatin-based protocols, whether used as conventional chemotherapy or combined with electrochemotherapy, showed lower recurrence rates, fewer adverse effects, and longer overall survival. However, due to the limited sample size, these results should be interpreted with caution. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these observations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a05979828575", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Surgery and Adjuvant Electrochemotherapy Compared to Surgery Alone for Treatment of Canine Incompletely Excised Soft Tissue Sarcomas", "authors": "Sofia et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Vet Comp Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/vco.70088", "pmid": "42421602", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "The predominant challenge in canine soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) is achieving local tumour control, for which surgical excision remains the standard treatment. When complete margins are not attainable, adjuvant therapy may be recommended. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines cytotoxic drugs with electric pulses to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9087cdac020d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Electrochemotherapy Following Surgical Cytoreduction for the Treatment of Recurrent Equine Sarcoids: A Retrospective Study of 23 Lesions", "authors": "Spadari et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3390/vetsci13070691", "pmid": "42514702", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Despite the wide range of therapeutic options currently available for equine sarcoids, recurrence of these lesions remains a major clinical challenge. Consequently, the identification of effective strategies for the management of recurrent sarcoids remains an important objective in equine oncology. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of surgical cytoreduction combined with intraoperative electrochemotherapy in horses affected by recurrent equine sarcoids. Medical records of horses treated between July 2018 and August 2025 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected included signalment, lesion location, clinical subtype, lesion size, chemotherapeutic agent used, recurrence status, and follow-up duration. Fourteen horses presenting 23 recurrent sarcoid lesions met the inclusion criteria. Recurrence was evaluated at both the lesion and horse levels. Local tumour control was achieved in 16 of 23 lesions (69.6%). Recurrence was observed in 7 lesions, corresponding to a lesion-based recurrence rate of 30.4%, and in 5 of 14 horses (35.7%). Malignant and fibroblastic lesions showed higher recurrence rates than other clinical subtypes, whereas larger lesions tended to recur more frequently than smaller lesions. No significant differences were identified between cisplatin- and carboplatin-treated lesions. Surgical cytoreduction combined with intraoperative electrochemotherapy provided encouraging local tumour control in a population composed exclusively of recurrent sarcoids. This treatment protocol may represent a valuable therapeutic option for horses with local recurrence of sarcoids, although larger prospective studies are required to further define prognostic factors and long-term outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-190098c46d93", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Effects of Electrochemotherapy on CaSki Cells Derived from a Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma", "authors": "Yabushita et al", "year": 1997, "journal": "Gynecol Oncol", "doi": "10.1006/gyno.1997.4659", "pmid": "9159341", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a new approach to the treatment of tumors that takes advantage of the permeabilization of the cell membranes by electric pulses to facilitate the intracellular delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into cells. Using the female genital squamous cell carcinoma cell line, CaSki, the antitumor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7b073ff8916d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Characterization of the mechanisms of electrochemotherapy in an in vitro model for human cervical cancer", "authors": "Tang et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Int J Oncol", "doi": "10.3892/ijo.26.3.703", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Electrochemical treatment is among the most effective therapies in the management of cervical malignancy. However, the mechanism of action of this treatment remains largely unknown. Therefore, the purpose of the current project was to establish a suitable eletrochemotherapy regimen for cervical cancer and to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "europepmc", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ce925b687103", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy can be used as palliative treatment in patients with repeated loco-regional recurrence of squamous vulvar cancer: a preliminary study", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Gynecol Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.06.028", "pmid": "23811116", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an attractive treatment for solid cutaneous tumours with a good response rate (55-92%). No studies have evaluated ECT performed in vulvar cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety, local tumour efficacy and relief of symptoms of ECT treatment in patients affected…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5af4d2924c9a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Palliative electro‐chemotherapy in elderly patients with vulvar cancer A phase II trial", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.24036", "pmid": "26345705", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objective: The primary endpoint of this trial was to assess clinical response (cCR) of squamocellular vulvar cancer (V-SCC) in elderly patients treated with electro-chemotherapy (ECT). Secondary endpoints were symptoms relief and local tumor control. Methods: A phase II study was designed and elderly patients with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6dd55f943442", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Outcomes of Bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy in patients with repeated loco-regional recurrences of vulvar cancer", "authors": "Pellegrino et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.3109/0284186x.2015.1117134", "pmid": "26882959", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective To evaluate the safety, local tumor efficacy and relief of symptoms of electrochemotherapy (ECT) treatment in patients affected by recurrence of vulvar cancer (VC), unsuitable for standard treatments. Methods Ten patients were recruited with histological diagnosis of recurrence of VC. Intravenous bleomycin…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-db67a64f6d70", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy pre‐treatment in primary squamous vulvar cancer. Our preliminary experience", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.25072", "pmid": "29878356", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Previous studies showed a local tumor control of 80% in patients with relapsed squamous cell vulvar cancer (V-SCC) treated with electrochemotherapy. These results encouraged electrochemotherapy use as neo-adjuvant treatment in V-SCC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0e66446fc29d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Palliative Electrochemotherapy in Vulvar Carcinoma: Preliminary Results of the ELECHTRA (Electrochemotherapy Vulvar Cancer) Multicenter Study", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11050657", "pmid": "31083599", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Vulvar cancer (VC) is a rare disease of which recurrence poses management problems due to patients' advanced age and comorbidities, and to the localization of the disease. Palliative treatments, allowing local disease control in patients previously treated with multimodal therapies or with comorbidities, are lacking. In this study we tested electrochemotherapy (ECT) on recurrent VC refractory to standard therapies to assess the tumor response and to define the selection criteria for patient's candidate to ECT. This is a multicenter observational study carried out in five Italian centers. Data about patients and tumor characteristics, treatment, toxicity, and clinical response were recorded. In all procedures, intravenous bleomycin was administered according to European Standard Operative Procedure ECT (ESOPE) guidelines. Sixty-one patients, with a median age 79 years (range: 39-85) and mainly affected by squamous cellular carcinoma (91.8%), were treated with ECT. No serious adverse events were reported. Patients were discharged after three days (median, range: 0-8 days). Two months after ECT, the clinical response rate was 83.6% and was not related to age, body mass index, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, number of treated nodules, or previous treatments. ECT is a safe procedure with a favorable cost-effectiveness ratio and should be considered as a treatment option for local disease control in patients unsuitable for standard therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cd79bf226ac9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "EP1292 Minimally invasive palliative treatment of vulval cancer is there a role for electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Tranoulis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "International Journal of Gynecological Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2019-ESGO.1297", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kongre Özeti", "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "EP1290 Figure 1 IJGC 2019;29(Suppl 4):A1–A703 THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF CELL POLARITY FOR CANCER DISEASE – THE IMPLICATION OF CANCER REGRESSION BY HUMAN BODY AXES INTERACTION 1 MC Ou*, 2D Ou, 3CC Pang. 1Taipei City Hospital | Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhong-Xiao Branch, Taipei City, Taiwan; 2Carnegie Mellon University…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-12265a14d642", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in vulvar cancer a systematic review", "authors": "Certelli et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "It Journ Gyn Obs", "doi": "10.36129/jog.32.01.03", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "SOMMARIO There are some problems about the optimal treatment modality of vulvar cancer (VC): unfeasible surgery in elderly women with several comorbidities and the absence of treatments applicable in recurrent disease. For these reasons, Electrochemotherapy (ECT) may have an important role in the management of these…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9c0ad210d524", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "435 Palliative electrochemotherapy in vulvar cancer: a double institution study and review of the literature", "authors": "Corrado et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "International Journal of Gynecological Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2020-IGCS.377", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "435 Figure 1 A180 Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020;30(Suppl 3):A1–A210 Abstracts Methods Data were retrospectively collected from November 2017 to November 2019 in two Italian oncologic Institutes: Regina Elena Institute and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli. ECT was offered in a palliative setting to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-86e57f64fe6f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Palliative electrochemotherapy in primary or recurrent vulvar cancer", "authors": "Corrado et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Int J Gynecol Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2019-001178", "pmid": "32371425", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: Since vulvar cancer is such a rare disease, the international experience with electrochemotherapy has been derived from only a few centers. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcome and side effects profile with the use of electrochemotherapy in patients with primary or recurrent vulvar cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e176163e85c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with intralesional cisplatin in recurrent or metastatic vulvar cancer", "authors": "De Giorgi et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Int J Gynecol Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2020-001791", "pmid": "32690590", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-53f656bf3914", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Palliative treatment with electrochemotherapy in recurrent or metastatic vaginal cancer", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Int J Gynecol Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2020-001471", "pmid": "32474450", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: Vaginal metastases are very rare events with a poor prognosis. To improve the quality of life, local treatments should be considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment in vaginal cancer not amenable to standard treatments due to poor performance…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ef03e53dc7d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Use of electrochemotherapy in women with vulvar cancer to improve quality-of-life in the palliative setting: a meta-analysis", "authors": "Tranoulis et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Int J Gynecol Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2019-000868", "pmid": "31801791", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Introduction: Electrochemotherapy involves the use of transient tumor permeabilization via electric pulses in combination with low-dose chemotherapeutic agents. It has recently emerged as an alternative treatment modality in vulvar cancer. The aim of this meta-analysis was to ascertain the effectiveness of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d6a1d7800ade", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Literature Review and Our Experience With Bleomycin-Based Electrochemotherapy for Cutaneous Vulvar Metastases From Endometrial Cancer", "authors": "Merlo et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338211010134", "pmid": "33874805", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecological malignancy and the fifth most common malignancy in women. The worldwide incidence is 15.9 new cases per 100,000 women per year, and the incidence in Europe is 22.7 new cases. Minority of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. Cutaneous metastases…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a8602fbfa37b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy in Vulvar Cancer and Cisplatin Combined with Electroporation. Systematic Review and In Vitro Studies", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13091993", "pmid": "33919139", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an emerging treatment for solid tumors and an attractive research field due to its clinical results. This therapy represents an alternative local treatment to the standard ones and is based on the tumor-directed delivery of non-ablative electrical pulses to maximize the action of specific cytotoxic drugs such as cisplatin (CSP) and bleomycin (BLM) and to promote cancer cell death. Nowadays, ECT is mainly recommended as palliative treatment. However, it can be applied to a wide range of superficial cancers, having an impact in preventing or delaying tumor progression and therefore in improving quality of life. In addition, during the natural history of the tumor, early ECT may improve patient outcomes. Our group has extensive clinical and research experience on ECT in vulvar tumors in the palliative setting, with 70% overall response rate. So far, in most studies, ECT was based on BLM. However, the potential of CSP in this setting seems interesting due to some theoretical advantages. The purpose of this report is to: (i) compare the efficacy of CSP and BLM-based ECT through a systematic literature review; (ii) report the results of our studies on CSP-resistant squamous cell tumors cell lines and the possibility to overcome chemoresistance using ECT; (iii) discuss the future ECT role in gynecological tumors and in particular in vulvar carcinoma.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fe660f48dd2b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Quality of Life with Vulvar Carcinoma Treated with Palliative Electrochemotherapy: The ELECHTRA (ELEctroCHemoTherapy vulvaR cAncer) Study", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13071622", "pmid": "33915692", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "The ELECHTRA (ELEctroChemoTherapy vulvaR cAncer) project was conceived to collect data on palliative electrochemotherapy (ECT) in vulvar cancer (VC) assessing patients' outcomes (response and survival) and impact on quality of life (QoL). After reporting outcome data in 2019, here, we present the results on QoL. A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted on patients with VC refractory or not amenable to standard therapies undergoing palliative ECT as per clinical practice. The following questionnaires were administered before and after ECT (two and four months later, early and late follow-up): visual analog pain scale (VAS), EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-L5) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Vulva cancer (FACT-V). Analyses were conducted on both the whole study population and by subgroups (clinical response after ECT and site, number and size of lesions). Questionnaires from 55 patients were evaluated. Compared to the baseline (6.1 ± 2.1), the VAS was significantly reduced at early (4.3 ± 2.5) and late follow-up (4.6 ± 2.8) ( p < 0.0001). The FACT-V score improved significantly at early (9.6 ± 4.0) ( p < 0.0001) and late follow-up (8.9 ± 4.1) ( p < 0.0054) as compared to the baseline (7.1 ± 3.6). No EQ-5D-5L statistically significant changes were observed. Subgroup analyses showed worse QoL in patients with stable or progressive disease, posterior site and multiple or larger than 3 cm nodules. This is the first study reporting improved QoL in VC patients after palliative ECT. Based on these results, ECT in VC should be considered an effective option based on the favorable outcomes both in terms of response and QoL.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2e3842b56d55", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "2022-RA-642-ESGO Long term follow-up in patients treated with electrochemotherapy for vulvar cancer", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "International Journal of Gynecological Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2022-ESGO.923", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "2022-RA-642-ESGO Figure 1 A) Progression free survival (PFS) and B) Overall survival of patients treated with ECT for recurrent vulvar sequamous cellular carcinoma Conclusion Long follow-up of VC patients has showed that those who benefit most from ECT treatment were complete responders. Based on these results and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-270e638ac457", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as an Alternative Treatment Option to Pelvic Exenteration for Recurrent Vulvar Cancer of the Perineum Region", "authors": "Vivod et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338221116489", "pmid": "35899313", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objective : Pelvic exenteration in women with recurrent vulvar carcinoma is associated with high morbidity and mortality and substantial treatment costs. Because pelvic exenteration severely affects the quality of life and can lead to significant complications, other treatment modalities, such as electrochemotherapy, have been proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and suitability of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of recurrent vulvar cancer. We aimed to analyze the treatment options, treatment outcomes, and complications in patients with recurrent vulvar cancer of the perineum. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who had undergone pelvic exenteration for vulvar cancer at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana over a 16-year period was performed. As an experimental, less mutilating treatment, electrochemotherapy was performed on one patient with recurrent vulvar cancer involving the perineum. Comparative data analysis was performed between the group with pelvic exenteration and the patient with electrochemotherapy, comparing hospital stay, disease recurrence after treatment, survival after treatment in months, and quality of life after treatment. Results: We observed recurrence of disease in 2 patients with initial FIGO stage IIIC disease 3 months and 32 months after pelvic exenteration, and they died of the disease 15 and 38 months after pelvic exenteration. Two patients with FIGO stage IB were alive at 74 and 88 months after pelvic exenteration. One patient with initial FIGO stage IIIC was alive 12 months after treatment with electrochemotherapy with no visible signs of disease progression in the vulvar region, and the lesions had a complete response. The patient treated with electrochemotherapy was hospitalized for 4 days compared with the patients with pelvic exenteration, in whom the average hospital stay was 19.75 (± 1.68) days. Conclusion: Our experience has shown that electrochemotherapy might be a less radical alternative to pelvic exenteration, especially for patients with initially higher FIGO stages.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a3f794fe757c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electroporation and Electrochemotherapy in Gynecological and Breast Cancer Treatment", "authors": "Łapińska et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules27082476", "pmid": "35458673", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Gynecological carcinomas affect an increasing number of women and are associated with poor prognosis. The gold standard treatment plan is mainly based on surgical resection and subsequent chemotherapy with cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, anthracyclines, or taxanes. Unfortunately, this treatment is becoming less effective and is associated with many side effects that negatively affect patients' physical and mental well-being. Electroporation based on tumor exposure to electric pulses enables reduction in cytotoxic drugs dose while increasing their effectiveness. EP-based treatment methods have received more and more interest in recent years and are the subject of a large number of scientific studies. Some of them show promising therapeutic potential without using any cytotoxic drugs or molecules already present in the human body (e.g., calcium electroporation). This literature review aims to present the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the course of EP-based therapies and the current state of knowledge in the field of their application in the treatment of gynecological neoplasms.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b5f58d9f9dc1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin for heavily pre-treated vulvar cancer patients", "authors": "Perrone et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Gynecol Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/ijgc-2022-004127", "pmid": "36787933", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Objective: The management of vulvar cancer recurrences is complicated by patients' advanced age and comorbidities. Bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy is a potential treatment option in this setting. However, no data on long-term outcomes are available. Therefore, a multicenter observational study was designed to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-64a6f6450499", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Safety and Feasibility of Vulvar Cancer Treatment with Electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Vivod et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15123079", "pmid": "37370690", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Electrochemotherapy is a local ablative therapy used for the treatment of various superficial and deep-seated tumors. Electrochemotherapy involves the application of electric pulses locally to tumors to destabilize cell membranes and facilitate the entry of cytotoxic drugs, thereby enhancing their cytotoxicity locally. The aim of our study is to investigate the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy in patients with vulvar cancer recurrence used for nonpalliative purposes. Ten patients with single local vulvar cancer recurrence were treated with intravenous bleomycin, followed by a local application of electric pulses (electrochemotherapy) to the tumor. Adverse events were determined using the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The feasibility of treating vulvar cancer with electrochemotherapy was determined by an appropriate selection of electrodes based on the size and location of the tumor with safety margins included. Electrochemotherapy was feasible in all patients. No electrochemotherapy-related or other serious adverse events occurred. Our data suggest that electrochemotherapy is a feasible and safe technique for the treatment of vulvar cancer recurrence for nonpalliative purposes. Based on our results, electrochemotherapy might be a viable therapeutic tool for patients who would otherwise undergo surgery involving a mutilation of the external genitalia.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-848dc7159860", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of vulvar cancer recurrences with electrochemotherapy - a detailed analysis of possible causes for unsuccessful treatment", "authors": "Vivod et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2023-0010", "pmid": "36795008", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy has good local effectiveness in the treatment of vulvar cancer. Most studies have reported the safety and effectiveness of electrochemotherapy for palliative treatment of gynecological cancers and mostly vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Some tumors, however, fail to respond to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e82ea4b3faf1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Treatment of vulvar cancer recurrence with electrochemotherapy a case-control study", "authors": "Vivod et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Acta Oncol", "doi": "10.2340/1651-226X.2024.33241", "pmid": "38770722", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a combined treatment method based on electroporation and simultaneous chemotherapy. In cases where radiotherapy has previously been used, surgery is often the only treatment option for vulvar cancer recurrence with potential resection of clitoris, vagina, urethra or anal sphincter. The unique advantage of ECT is its selectivity for cancer cells while sparing the surrounding healthy tissue. The aim of the study was to compare the ECT treatment of vulvar cancer recurrence for non-palliative purposes with surgical treatment. Materials and methods: Eleven patients with single vulvar cancer recurrence were treated with ECT and followed up for 12 months. As a control group, 15 patients with single vulvar cancer recurrence were treated with wide local excision. The following data were collected, analyzed and compared: Age, body mass index, comorbidities, histological type, location and size of vulvar cancer recurrence, treatment history, details of procedures and hospital stay. Results: The probability curves for local tumor control did not differ between the ECT group and the surgical group (p = 0.694). The mean hospital stay and the mean duration of procedure were statistically significantly shorter in the ECT group (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the ECT and surgical groups in terms of mean body mass index, associated diseases, previous treatments, presence of lichen sclerosus, p16 status, gradus, anatomical site of the tumor, and type of anesthesia. Conclusion: In this case-control study, treatment of vulvar cancer recurrence with ECT for non-palliative purposes was comparable to surgical treatment in terms of effectiveness. The results need to be confirmed in larger randomized trials.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5be5bad05e6a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Management of Patients with Vulvar Cancers: A Systematic Comparison of International Guidelines (NCCN-ASCO-ESGO-BGCS-IGCS-FIGO-French Guidelines-RCOG)", "authors": "Restaino", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17020186", "pmid": "39857968", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: Vulvar carcinoma is an uncommon gynecological tumor primarily affecting older women. Its treatment significantly impacts the quality of life and, not least, aesthetics because of the mutilating surgery it requires. Objectives: The management requires a multidisciplinary team of specialists who know how to care for the patient in her entirety, not neglecting psychological aspects and reconstructive surgery. How do the guidelines address multidisciplinarity, team surgical management, passing through preoperative diagnosis, and follow-up in such a challenging rare tumor to treat? Methods: To answer these questions, we compared the main scientific recommendations to identify similarities and differences in diagnostic and therapeutic management to provide an overview of the gaps that there are currently in European and American international recommendations in providing management guidance in a cancer that is both among the rarest and most difficult to manage. In this way, we aim to encourage an update in practices based on the latest scientific evidence. Results: A review of various international guidelines, some dating back to 2014, shows significant variation in approaches, ranging from initial diagnostic procedures to managing relapses. The most recent guidelines also lacked references to the latest literature, indicating that more robust scientific evidence is needed before new treatments, such as electrochemotherapy for palliation and reconstructive surgery post exenteration, can be widely adopted. Conclusions: From the systematic comparison of the main international guidelines, a strong heterogeneity emerged in the diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations as well as for the multidisciplinary approach that today is essential. Our work certainly stimulated an update of the main guidelines.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-aa9dedcc0fbd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Quality of life of women with recurrent vulvar cancer treated with electrochemotherapy", "authors": "Vivod et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0019", "pmid": "40105247", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Background: The quality of life of patients undergoing oncologic treatment has become an important issue in recent years. Owing to potential mutilation following surgery for vulvar cancer, more conservative approaches have evolved with the integration of new local ablative therapies, such as electrochemotherapy. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-007e0a026813", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Electrochemotherapy as a symptom-oriented palliative treatment option: an exploratory single-center study in 15 patients with locally advanced or locoregionally recurrent vulvar carcinoma", "authors": "Grischke et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Arch Gynecol Obstet", "doi": "10.1007/s00404-025-08296-w", "pmid": "41530618", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Vulvar carcinoma (VC), a rare cancer, recurs in over a third of women, usually within 2 years. Treatment options other than repeat surgery and radiotherapy are often required in the recurrence setting. Systemic chemotherapy is an option but is generally associated with stressful side effects. In the palliative setting, electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a better-tolerated alternative, which provides local tumor control while obviating systemic side effects. Objective: To descriptively analyze a case series of patients with inoperable locally advanced or locoregionally recurrent VC receiving bleomycin-based ECT. Methods: Descriptive analysis of prospectively collected data from a case series. Postmenopausal women with locally advanced or locoregionally recurrent VC were eligible for inclusion. Bleomycin was administered at 15 mg/m 2 body surface as a single 1-min intravenous injection; 8 min later, electrochemical treatment using sterile disposable electrodes was performed under anesthesia for ≤ 30 min. Postoperatively, patients received pain medication to mitigate muscle soreness. Results: 15 patients were included in the study. Median patient age at ECT was 81 (range, 51-100) years. Recurrences (1-5) were present in 12 patients. Surgery and radiotherapy were not justifiable options in 3 patients. In our clinical observation, ECT was well tolerated by all patients for the management of pain, itching, odor, and secretion. This allowed for time to be gained until further treatment became necessary or disease progression occurred. Conclusions: In our clinical experience, bleomycin-based ECT is an oncologically efficacious and better-tolerated alternative to systemic chemotherapy or immunotherapy in patients with recurrent VC in a palliative setting with limited capacity to undergo treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektrokemoterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6c0aa3353af3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "[Ablation of a liver metastasis with irreversible electroporation (IRE) in liver segment II adjoining the area nuda]", "authors": "Niessen et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Rofo", "doi": "10.1055/s-0032-1312961", "pmid": "22744330", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Einführung In den letzten Jahren haben minimalinvasive Behandlungstechniken deutlich an Bedeutung gewonnen, insbesondere wenn chirurgische Interventionen nicht als Behandlungsalternative infrage kommen (Bangard C et al. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2011; 183: 704 – 713). Von den minimalinvasiven Tumortherapien haben sich…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-92399cd727ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of lung neoplasm A case series", "authors": "Usman et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Med Sci Monit", "doi": "10.12659/MSM.882888", "pmid": "22648257", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of lung tumors is a new minimally invasive technique which has recently been used in the treatment of soft tissue tumors. Case reports: The case histories are presented of two patients with unresectable malignancies in the lung, who underwent irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cfb198fce474", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Mechanisms for steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology to kill human large cell lung cancer cells L9981", "authors": "Song et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Int J Clin Exp Med", "doi": null, "pmid": "25232444", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "To explore the mechanisms for steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology to kill the lung cancer cell L9981. The apoptosis, cells mitochondrial membrane potential, internal PH changes and the intra-cellular calcium ions concentration were detected after steep pulses acted on the human large cell lung cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fe602fd30da1", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Ablation for Colorectal Metastases to the Lung", "authors": "Solomon SB", "year": 2016, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Protokol", "sourceNote": "MSKCC IRB protokolü, yayın değil", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-72206535209f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Catheter-based endobronchial electroporation is feasible for the focal treatment of peribronchial tumors", "authors": "Kodama et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.11.097", "pmid": "29358001", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of catheter-based endobronchial electroporation for the treatment of peribronchial tumors and assess the incidence of treatment-related adverse events. Methods: Cytotoxicity of electroporation with or without cisplatin or gefitinib was assessed in vitro with lung cancer and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cc7307e1212a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy and mechanism of steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology on xenograft model of nude mice: a preclinical study", "authors": "Song", "year": 2018, "journal": "World J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1186/s12957-018-1386-6", "pmid": "29695251", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Steep pulse therapy can irreversible electrically brackdown of tumor membrance and cause cell death. In previous studies, we investigated the effect of steep pulsed electroporation on the killing of large cell lung cancer cell line L981- in vitro, and determined the best parameters for killing lung cancer cells by steep pulse technology. But the optimal parameters and the mechanisms of steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology on nude mouse tumor model are unclear. Methods: Three settings of steep pulse therapy parameters were applied to the nude mouse model. An in vivo imaging system was employed to observe the effect of different parameters on the mouse model. The pathological changes of the tumor tissue and immunofluorescence data on Caspase-3 protein expression were recorded. Results: Under the in vivo imaging system, the steep pulse had an obvious inhibitory effect on the transplanted tumor in the nude mouse model. Pathological tests showed that occurrence of necrosis and apoptosis and expression of Caspase-3 protein in the tumor tissue were increased compared to those in the normal tissue. Conclusions: Steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology showed a promising antitumor effect in the nude mouse tumor model. With splint-type electrode, the best treatment parameters determined for the nude mouse tumor model were voltage amplitude 2000 V/cm, pulse width 100 μs, pulse frequency 1 Hz, pulse number 60, and repeat time 3. Moreover, steep pulse induced coagulative necrosis of tumor tissue by cell apoptosis.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cb5df0da6a22", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Lung Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation Promotes Immune Cell Infiltration by Sparing Extracellular Matrix Proteins and Vasculature: Implications for Immunotherapy", "authors": "Fujimori et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1089/bioe.2021.0014", "pmid": "34734168", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: This study investigated the sparing of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and blood vessels at the site of lung irreversible electroporation (IRE), and its impact on postablation T cell and macrophage populations. Materials and Methods: Normal swine ( n = 8) lung was treated with either IRE or microwave…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cb1ba185de03", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation of pulmonary neoplasms review of literature and future perspectives", "authors": "Lassandro", "year": 2023, "journal": "Pol J Radiol", "doi": "10.5114/pjr.2023.127062", "pmid": "37234463", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Thermal ablation is a minimally invasive technology used to treat many types of tumors, including lung cancer. Specifically, lung ablation has been increasingly performed for unsurgical fit patients with both early-stage primi-tive lung cancer and pulmonary metastases. Image-guided available techniques include…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e936cc9e602", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Investigation of High Frequency Irreversible Electroporation for Canine Spontaneous Primary Lung Tumor Ablation", "authors": "Hay", "year": 2024, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines12092038", "pmid": "39335552", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "In this study, the feasibility of treating canine primary lung tumors with high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) was investigated as a novel lung cancer treatment option. H-FIRE is a minimally invasive tissue ablation modality that delivers bipolar pulsed electric fields to targeted cells, generating nanopores in cell membranes and rendering targeted cells nonviable. In the current study, canine patients ( n = 5) with primary lung tumors underwent H-FIRE treatment with an applied voltage of 2250 V using a 2-5-2 µs H-FIRE waveform to achieve partial tumor ablation prior to the surgical resection of the primary tumor. Surgically resected tumor samples were evaluated histologically for tumor ablation, and with immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to identify cell death (activated caspase-3) and macrophages (IBA-1, CD206, and iNOS). Changes in immunity and inflammatory gene signatures were also evaluated in tumor samples. H-FIRE ablation was evident by the microscopic observation of discrete foci of acute hemorrhage and necrosis, and in a subset of tumors ( n = 2), we observed a greater intensity of cleaved caspase-3 staining in tumor cells within treated tumor regions compared to adjacent untreated tumor tissue. At the study evaluation timepoint of 2 h post H-FIRE, we observed differential gene expression changes in the genes IDO1 , IL6 , TNF , CD209 , and FOXP3 in treated tumor regions relative to paired untreated tumor regions. Additionally, we preliminarily evaluated the technical feasibility of delivering H-FIRE percutaneously under CT guidance to canine lung tumor patients ( n = 2). Overall, H-FIRE treatment was well tolerated with no adverse clinical events, and our results suggest H-FIRE potentially altered the tumor immune microenvironment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3c7d61d27080", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "High-intensity irreversible electroporation targeting intracellular structures enhance tumor ablation in lung cancer models", "authors": "Kim", "year": 2026, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0346472", "pmid": "42018500", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This study aimed to optimize irreversible electroporation (IRE) parameters to enhance intracellular injury, specifically targeting nuclear and mitochondrial structures that are insufficiently affected by conventional protocols. To address limitations of standard 1000 ~ 2500 V/cm clinical settings, we experimentally and computationally evaluated both low- and high-electric-field conditions and identified pulse parameters capable of safely achieving electric field strengths exceeding 4,000 V/cm, values that remain below the predicted arcing threshold for our electrode configuration while permitting effective intracellular electroporation. In vitro studies using A549 lung cancer cells demonstrated that high-field IRE markedly intensified oxidative stress, resulting in a 30-fold increase in hydrogen peroxide production and pronounced disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Transmission electron microscopy further confirmed severe ultrastructural injury, including plasma membrane rupture, nuclear membrane deformation, and complete loss of mitochondrial cristae, culminating in irreversible cell death. In vivo experiments corroborated these findings: high-field IRE produced extensive and uniform tumor ablation, whereas conventional lower field strengths generated only localized and partial damage. These results indicate that elevating electric-field intensity in IRE protocols can overcome the inherent limitations of traditional approaches by reliably inducing intracellular organelle damage, suppressing cellular repair pathways, and enhancing overall ablation completeness. Further studies are warranted to evaluate long-term safety and therapeutic durability of high-field IRE in vivo.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6a17c8e932ce", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Bronchoscopy-guided synergistic pulsed irreversible electroporation ablation as a novel intervention therapy for lung lesions: A pilot study in a preclinical model", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Transl Res", "doi": "10.1016/j.trsl.2026.03.005", "pmid": "41895651", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Objective: To assess the feasibility and safety of bronchoscopy-guided synergistic pulsed irreversible electroporation (S-IRE) for ablating pulmonary tissues. Methods: Three Bama pigs underwent bronchoscopy-guided S-IRE ablation at pulmonary target sites (near airways, vessels, pleura, and parenchyma), using…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2e7123c9e460", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation for Recurrent Thyroid Cancer—A Case Report", "authors": "Meijerink et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.05.004", "pmid": "26210244", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "A 74-year-old man presented with a small locoregional, histopathologically proven, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography-avid recurrence of follicular thyroid carcinoma in the left subglottic space after extensive surgical resection, adjuvant radioactive iodine therapy, and external beam…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dd023a062e80", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "A Study on Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation of the Thyroid", "authors": "Lv et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033819876307", "pmid": "31564220", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Nonthermal irreversible electroporation is a minimally invasive surgery technology that employs high and brief electric fields to ablate undesirable tissues. Nonthermal irreversible electroporation can ablate only cells while preserving intact functional properties of the extracellular structures…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-10137d520af9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "First report of successful treatment of cervical lymph node metastasis with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "QJM", "doi": "10.1093/qjmed/hcac262", "pmid": "36420986", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel non-thermal ablation modality and has unique advantages for the treatment of tumors adjacent to vital structures. Our case highlights that IRE may prove a viable treatment option for head and neck tumors in a hazardous location which are unsuitable for surgical resection…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-51882f5d03fd", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Results of use of irreversible electroporation in adenotonsillar hypertrophy", "authors": "Khudayberganov", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel non-thermal tissue ablation technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IRE in the treatment of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children. Methods: In this prospective, before- and-after study conducted at an academic medical center, 12…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Tashkent Tip Univ.", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f5a4c48dc35f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Experimental study on the application of irreversible electroporation/nanoknife on tonsil tissues in a rabbit model", "authors": "Tao et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Acta Otolaryngol", "doi": "10.1080/00016489.2025.2491652", "pmid": "40266272", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE)/nanoknife is a nonthermal technique for ablating solid tumors. Objectives: To investigate the application of IRE for ablating tonsil tissues in a rabbit model. Material and methods: Forty five rabbits were divided into three groups IRE, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and control group. The IRE group received IRE in one or both tonsils, while the RFA group received IRE in one tonsil and RFA in the other. The control group had no operation. Rabbits were euthanized at days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 post-IRE ablation or RFA. White blood cell (WBC) counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), and creatine kinase (CK) levels were monitored and tonsil tissues were histologically examined. Results: IRE ablation induced cell apoptosis in tonsil tissues, which was most pronounced at 72 h post-treatment. At 14- and 28-days post-IRE ablation, lymphoid follicles regenerated in the tonsil tissues. The RFA group showed more severe injury and less tissue regeneration. Transient increases in WBC, CRP, and CK levels indicated inflammation and cardiac injury induced by IRE. Conclusions and significance: IRE is a potential modality for ablating tonsil tissues, which avoids thermal injury and preserving blood vessels. More robust studies with other animal models are required for definitive evidence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ca024eb81aab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for the Treatment of Pediatric Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy", "authors": "Khasanov et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm15135189", "pmid": "42452649", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tissue ablation technology, offering potential advantages such as reductions in pain, bleeding, and procedural time. With this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IRE for the treatment of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in pediatric patients. Methods: In this prospective, two-center, interventional case series, we enrolled 31 children aged 3-13 years with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and upper airway obstruction. All procedures were performed under general anesthesia. IRE was applied to the tonsils and adenoids using the ENTire™ system. Postoperative pain was recorded daily for seven days using the Parent's Postoperative Pain Measure. Disease-specific quality of life was assessed at baseline and three months post-procedure using the Obstructive Sleep Apnea questionnaire (OSA-18). Tonsillar size was graded according to the Brodsky Scale. Results: The mean procedure time was 10:40 ± 03:40, and there was no intraoperative or postoperative bleeding. Patients were discharged on the day of the procedure. The postoperative pain on day 1 was ranked as 3.5 ± 1.5 and resolved completely in all patients by day 7. From baseline to 3 months, the mean OSA-18 decreased from 66.4 ± 14.9 to 24.6 ± 9.9 (Wilcoxon signed-rank test p -value of <0.0001), and the Brodsky grade decreased from 3.26 ± 0.63 to 0.92 ± 0.61 ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: In this preliminary cohort, non-thermal adenotonsillar ablation using irreversible electroporation was safe, well tolerated, and demonstrated short-term improvements in parent-reported symptoms and oropharyngeal tonsillar size in children. These findings support further investigation in larger, multicenter trials with extended follow-ups.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bfb1c3f95e29", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "US-guided Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Ablation of Low-risk PTMC: Interim Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab", "doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgaf706", "pmid": "41482001", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Context Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) ablation has gradually been applied in clinical practice. However, no studies have reported its application in low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Objective The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nsPEF ablation for patients with low-risk…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-57df6c626944", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Tonsillar Ablation in Adults", "authors": "Sarafoleanu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg", "doi": "10.1002/ohn.70276", "pmid": "42059019", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation for non-thermal ablation of tonsils in adults. Study design: Prospective interventional case series of 24 adult patients referred for tonsillectomy that were followed for 3 months. Setting: Academic medical center. Methods: The procedures were performed under general anesthesia or sedation. Irreversible electroporation was applied to the tonsils using the ENTire TM system. Pain was assessed daily using a pain scale for the first postoperative week. Tonsil sizes were assessed at baseline and 1 and 3 months postoperatively. The Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status Instrument and the Snore-Visual Analog Scale (VAS) questionnaires were administered at baseline and at 3 months. Results: In total, 23 adult patients (mean age: 36.5 ± 14.0; mean body mass index [BMI]: 25.5 ± 4.1) completed the study. No bleeding was observed intra- or postoperatively. Procedural time was 7.98 ± 2.62 minutes. A pain scale score below 2 was reported 4.5 ± 1.7 days after intervention. Reduction in tonsillar size was observed from 2.4 ± 0.9 pre-intervention to 1.3 ± 1.0 at 3 months post-intervention (P < .001). Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status scores decreased from 17.7 ± 13.0 to 0.96 ± 1.7 (P < .001). The Snore- VAS score decreased by 72%. Conclusion: This is the first clinical study to investigate the use of irreversible electroporation for tonsillar ablation. Irreversible electroporation shows promise as a minimally invasive procedure for reducing the size of tonsillar hypertrophy and alleviating symptoms, with negligible bleeding and significantly less pain. Multicenter studies are in progress to evaluate long-term efficacy including in children.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b5df10fca6d2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) for non-thermal ablation without muscle contraction", "authors": "Arena", "year": 2011, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-10-102", "pmid": "22104372", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Therapeutic irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging technology for the non-thermal ablation of tumors. The technique involves delivering a series of unipolar electric pulses to permanently destabilize the plasma membrane of cancer cells through an increase in transmembrane potential, which leads to the development of a tissue lesion. Clinically, IRE requires the administration of paralytic agents to prevent muscle contractions during treatment that are associated with the delivery of electric pulses. This study shows that by applying high-frequency, bipolar bursts, muscle contractions can be eliminated during IRE without compromising the non-thermal mechanism of cell death. Methods: A combination of analytical, numerical, and experimental techniques were performed to investigate high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE). A theoretical model for determining transmembrane potential in response to arbitrary electric fields was used to identify optimal burst frequencies and amplitudes for in vivo treatments. A finite element model for predicting thermal damage based on the electric field distribution was used to design non-thermal protocols for in vivo experiments. H-FIRE was applied to the brain of rats, and muscle contractions were quantified via accelerometers placed at the cervicothoracic junction. MRI and histological evaluation was performed post-operatively to assess ablation. Results: No visual or tactile evidence of muscle contraction was seen during H-FIRE at 250 kHz or 500 kHz, while all IRE protocols resulted in detectable muscle contractions at the cervicothoracic junction. H-FIRE produced ablative lesions in brain tissue that were characteristic in cellular morphology of non-thermal IRE treatments. Specifically, there was complete uniformity of tissue death within targeted areas, and a sharp transition zone was present between lesioned and normal brain. Conclusions: H-FIRE is a feasible technique for non-thermal tissue ablation that eliminates muscle contractions seen in IRE treatments performed with unipolar electric pulses. Therefore, it has the potential to be performed clinically without the administration of paralytic agents.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0115a83869cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (N-TIRE) and adjuvant fractionated radiotherapeutic multimodal therapy for intracranial malignant glioma in a canine patient", "authors": "Garcia et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrt.2012.500181", "pmid": "21214290", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (N-TIRE) has shown promise as an ablative therapy for a variety of soft-tissue neoplasms. Here we describe the therapeutic planning aspects and first clinical application of N-TIRE for the treatment of an inoperable, spontaneous malignant intracranial glioma in a canine…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2201d6b60cff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Acute and Subacute Effects of Irreversible Electroporation on Nerves Experimental Study in a Pig Model", "authors": "Schoellnast et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.11103505", "pmid": "21642418", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate whether irreversible electroporation (IRE) has the potential to damage nerves in a porcine model and to compare histopathologic findings after IRE with histopathologic findings after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Materials and methods: This study was approved by the institutional animal care and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-80552bdc38e0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "MRI Study on Reversible and Irreversible Electroporation Induced Blood Brain Barrier Disruption", "authors": "Hjouj et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0042817", "pmid": "22900052", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, is known to induce cell membrane permeabilization in the reversible (RE) mode and cell death in the irreversible (IRE) mode. Using an experimental system designed to produce a continuum of IRE followed by RE around a single electrode we used MRI to study the effects of electroporation on the brain. Fifty-four rats were injected with Gd-DOTA and treated with a G25 electrode implanted 5.5 mm deep into the striata. MRI was acquired immediately after treatment, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, and up to three weeks following the treatment using: T1W, T2W, Gradient echo (GE), serial SPGR (DCE-MRI) with flip angles ranging over 5-25°, and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWMRI). Blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption was depicted as clear enhancement on T1W images. The average signal intensity in the regions of T1-enhancement, representing BBB disruption, increased from 1887±83 (arbitrary units) immediately post treatment to 2246±94 20 min post treatment, then reached a plateau towards the 30 min scan where it reached 2289±87. DWMRI at 30 min showed no significant effects. Early treatment effects and late irreversible damage were clearly depicted on T2W. The enhancing volume on T2W has increased by an average of 2.27±0.27 in the first 24-48 hours post treatment, suggesting an inflammatory tissue response. The permanent tissue damage, depicted as an enhancing region on T2W, 3 weeks post treatment, decreased to an average of 50±10% of the T2W enhancing volumes on the day of the treatment which was 33±5% of the BBB disruption volume. Permanent tissue damage was significantly smaller than the volume of BBB disruption, suggesting, that BBB disruption is associated with RE while tissue damage with IRE. These results demonstrate the feasibility of applying reversible and irreversible electroporation for transient BBB disruption or permanent damage, respectively, and applying MRI for planning/monitoring disruption volume/shape by optimizing electrode positions and treatment parameters.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-19fed4c8c4c8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation as a Focal Ablation Treatment for Brain Cancer", "authors": "Garcia et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Tumors of the Central Nervous System", "doi": "10.1007/978-94-007-7217-5_15", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-2181637e4796", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Pathology of non-thermal irreversible electroporation (N-TIRE)-induced ablation of the canine brain", "authors": "Rossmeisl et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Vet Sci", "doi": "10.4142/jvs.2013.14.4.433", "pmid": "23820168", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This study describes the neuropathologic features of normal canine brain ablated with non-thermal irreversible electroporation (N-TIRE). The parietal cerebral cortices of four dogs were treated with N-TIRE using a dose-escalation protocol with an additional dog receiving sham treatment. Animals were allowed to recover…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9bc1f80cac40", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "A statistical model describing combined irreversible electroporation and electroporation-induced blood-brain barrier disruption", "authors": "Sharabi et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2016-0009", "pmid": "27069447", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation-based therapies such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) are emerging as promising tools for treatment of tumors. When applied to the brain, electroporation can also induce transient blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption in volumes extending beyond IRE, thus…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3263c73a622a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Predictive therapeutic planning for irreversible electroporation treatment of spontaneous malignant glioma", "authors": "Garcia et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Med Phys", "doi": "10.1002/mp.12401", "pmid": "28594449", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been developed as a promising minimally invasive treatment to ablate spontaneous brain tumors with pulsed electric fields in canine patients. The purpose of the study is to determine the Peleg-Fermi parameters needed to incorporate pulse number and pulse duration into…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e452f7744ee5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Avoiding nerve stimulation in irreversible electroporation a numerical modeling study", "authors": "Mercadal et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/1361-6560/aa8c53", "pmid": "28901954", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation based treatments consist in applying one or multiple high voltage pulses to the tissues to be treated. As an undesired side effect, these pulses cause electrical stimulation of excitable tissues such as nerves and muscles. This increases the complexity of the treatments and may pose a risk to the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4f0b96ea8529", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Asymmetric Waveforms Decrease Lethal Thresholds in High Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Therapies", "authors": "Sano", "year": 2017, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep40747", "pmid": "28106146", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal treatment for inoperable tumors which uses short (50-100 μs) high voltage monopolar pulses to disrupt the membranes of cells within a well-defined volume. Challenges with IRE include complex treatment planning and the induction of intense muscle contractions. High frequency IRE (H-FIRE) uses bursts of ultrashort (0.25-5 μs) alternating polarity pulses to produce more predictable ablations and alleviate muscle contractions associated with IRE. However, H-FIRE generally ablates smaller volumes of tissue than IRE. This study shows that asymmetric H-FIRE waveforms can be used to create ablation volumes equivalent to standard IRE treatments. Lethal thresholds (LT) of 505 V/cm and 1316 V/cm were found for brain cancer cells when 100 μs IRE and 2 μs symmetric H-FIRE waveforms were used. In contrast, LT as low as 536 V/cm were found for 2 μs asymmetric H-FIRE waveforms. Reversible electroporation thresholds were 54% lower than LTs for symmetric waveforms and 33% lower for asymmetric waveforms indicating that waveform symmetry can be used to tune the relative sizes of reversible and irreversible ablation zones. Numerical simulations predicted that asymmetric H-FIRE waveforms are capable of producing ablation volumes which were 5.8-6.3x larger than symmetric H-FIRE waveforms indicating that in vivo investigation of asymmetric waveforms is warranted.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2b390fdabf46", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "The Feasibility of Enhancing Susceptibility of Glioblastoma Cells to IRE Using a Calcium Adjuvant", "authors": "Wasson et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-017-1905-6", "pmid": "28849278", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a cellular ablation method used to treat a variety of cancers. IRE works by exposing tissues to pulsed electric fields which cause cell membrane disruption. Cells exposed to lower energies become temporarily permeable while greater energy exposure results in cell death. For IRE to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-22e62a15bc1a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Characterization of Ablation Thresholds for 3D-Cultured Patient-Derived Glioma Stem Cells in Response to High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Ivey et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Research (Wash D C)", "doi": "10.34133/2019/8081315", "pmid": "31549086", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a technique that uses pulsed electric fields that have been shown to ablate malignant cells. In order to evaluate the clinical potential of H-FIRE to treat glioblastoma (GBM), a primary brain tumor, we have studied the effects of high-frequency waveforms on therapy-resistant glioma stem-like cell (GSC) populations. We demonstrate that patient-derived GSCs are more susceptible to H-FIRE damage than primary normal astrocytes. This selectivity presents an opportunity for a degree of malignant cell targeting as bulk tumor cells and tumor stem cells are seen to exhibit similar lethal electric field thresholds, significantly lower than that of healthy astrocytes. However, neural stem cell (NSC) populations also exhibit a similar sensitivity to these pulses. This observation may suggest that different considerations be taken when applying these therapies in younger versus older patients, where the importance of preserving NSC populations may impose different restrictions on use. We also demonstrate variability in threshold among the three patient-derived GSC lines studied, suggesting the need for personalized cell-specific characterization in the development of potential clinical procedures. Future work may provide further useful insights regarding this patient-dependent variability observed that could inform targeted and personalized treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9a3adc7034d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible electroporation is a thermally mediated ablation modality for pulses on the order of one microsecond", "authors": "Fesmire et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107544", "pmid": "32438309", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is generally considered to be a non-thermal ablation modality. This study was designed to examine the relative effect of temperature on IRE ablation sizes for equivalent dose treatments with constitutive pulses between 1 and 100 µs. 3D in-vitro brain tumor models maintained at 10 °C…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c87abeed5fa5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Electrotherapies for Glioblastoma", "authors": "Jenkins et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Adv Sci (Weinh)", "doi": "10.1002/advs.202100978", "pmid": "34292672", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Non-thermal, intermediate frequency (100-500 kHz) electrotherapies present a unique therapeutic strategy to treat malignant neoplasms. Here, pulsed electric fields (PEFs) which induce reversible or irreversible electroporation (IRE) and tumour-treating fields (TTFs) are reviewed highlighting the foundations, advances, and considerations of each method when applied to glioblastoma (GBM). Several biological aspects of GBM that contribute to treatment complexity (heterogeneity, recurrence, resistance, and blood-brain barrier(BBB)) and electrophysiological traits which are suggested to promote glioma progression are described. Particularly, the biological responses at the cellular and molecular level to specific parameters of the electrical stimuli are discussed offering ways to compare these parameters despite the lack of a universally adopted physical description. Reviewing the literature, a disconnect is found between electrotherapy techniques and how they target the biological complexities of GBM that make treatment difficult in the first place. An attempt is made to bridge the interdisciplinary gap by mapping biological characteristics to different methods of electrotherapy, suggesting important future research topics and directions in both understanding and treating GBM. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper that attempts an in-tandem assessment of the biological effects of different aspects of intermediate frequency electrotherapy methods, thus offering possible strategies toward GBM treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2d49613d56f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "An Investigation for Large Volume, Focal Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption with High-Frequency Pulsed Electric Fields", "authors": "Lorenzo", "year": 2021, "journal": "Pharmaceuticals (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/ph14121333", "pmid": "34959733", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The treatment of CNS disorders suffers from the inability to deliver large therapeutic agents to the brain parenchyma due to protection from the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Herein, we investigated high-frequency pulsed electric field (HF-PEF) therapy of various pulse widths and interphase delays for BBB disruption while selectively minimizing cell ablation. Eighteen male Fisher rats underwent craniectomy procedures and two blunt-tipped electrodes were advanced into the brain for pulsing. BBB disruption was verified with contrast T1W MRI and pathologically with Evans blue dye. High-frequency irreversible electroporation cell death of healthy rodent astrocytes was investigated in vitro using a collagen hydrogel tissue mimic. Numerical analysis was conducted to determine the electric fields in which BBB disruption and cell ablation occur. Differences between the BBB disruption and ablation thresholds for each waveform are as follows: 2-2-2 μs (1028 V/cm), 5-2-5 μs (721 V/cm), 10-1-10 μs (547 V/cm), 2-5-2 μs (1043 V/cm), and 5-5-5 μs (751 V/cm). These data suggest that HF-PEFs can be fine-tuned to modulate the extent of cell death while maximizing peri-ablative BBB disruption. Furthermore, numerical modeling elucidated the diffuse field gradients of a single-needle grounding pad configuration to favor large-volume BBB disruption, while the monopolar probe configuration is more amenable to ablation and reversible electroporation effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-902acf1cfca9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation brain tumor ablation: exploring the dynamics of cell death and recovery", "authors": "Murphy et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108001", "pmid": "34844040", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Improved therapeutics for malignant brain tumors are urgently needed. High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a minimally invasive, nonthermal tissue ablation technique, which utilizes high-frequency, bipolar electric pulses to precisely kill tumor cells. The mechanisms of H-FIRE-induced tumor cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0d96b669a57f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation (H-FIRE) Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Is Mediated by Cytoskeletal Remodeling and Changes in Tight Junction Protein Regulation", "authors": "Partridge", "year": 2022, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines10061384", "pmid": "35740406", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Glioblastoma is the deadliest malignant brain tumor. Its location behind the blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a therapeutic challenge by preventing effective delivery of most chemotherapeutics. H-FIRE is a novel tumor ablation method that transiently disrupts the BBB through currently unknown mechanisms. We hypothesized that H-FIRE mediated BBB disruption (BBBD) occurs via cytoskeletal remodeling and alterations in tight junction (TJ) protein regulation. Intracranial H-FIRE was delivered to Fischer rats prior to sacrifice at 1-, 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96 h post-treatment. Cytoskeletal proteins and native and ubiquitinated TJ proteins (TJP) were evaluated using immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, and gene-expression arrays on treated and sham control brain lysates. Cytoskeletal and TJ protein expression were further evaluated with immunofluorescent microscopy. A decrease in the F/G-actin ratio, decreased TJP concentrations, and increased ubiquitination of TJP were observed 1-48 h post-H-FIRE compared to sham controls. By 72-96 h, cytoskeletal and TJP expression recovered to pretreatment levels, temporally corresponding with increased claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 gene expression. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed significant dysregulation of claudin genes, centered around claudin-6 in H-FIRE treated rats. In conclusion, H-FIRE is capable of permeating the BBB in a spatiotemporal manner via cytoskeletal-mediated TJP modulation. This minimally invasive technology presents with applications for localized and long-lived enhanced intracranial drug delivery.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-720a128633f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Lethal Electric Field Thresholds for Cerebral Cells With Irreversible Electroporation and H-FIRE Protocols: An In Vitro Three-Dimensional Cell Model Study", "authors": "Shu et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.4054381", "pmid": "35445240", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The lethal electric field (LEF) thresholds for three typical cerebral cells, including a malignant glioblastoma (GBM) cell line and two cell lines from the healthy blood-brain barrier (BBB), treated by irreversible electroporation (IRE) or high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) protocols were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d87db09fb476", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Mediates Glioma Apoptosis via Upregulation of AP-1 and Bim : Transcriptome Evidence", "authors": "Yu et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Brain Sci", "doi": "10.3390/brainsci12111465", "pmid": "36358391", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "The heat-sink effect and thermal damage of conventional thermal ablative technologies can be minimized by irreversible electroporation (IRE), which results in clear ablative boundaries and conservation of blood vessels, facilitating maximal safe surgical resection for glioblastoma. Although much comparative data about the death forms in IRE have been published, the comprehensive genetic regulatory mechanism for apoptosis, among other forms of regulatory cell death (RCD), remains elusive. We investigated the electric field intensity threshold for apoptosis/necrosis (YO-PRO-1/PI co-staining) of the U251 human malignant glioma cell line with stepwise increased uniform field intensity. Time course samples (0-6 h) of apoptosis induction and sham treatment were collected for transcriptome sequencing. Sequencing showed that transcription factor AP-1 and its target gene Bim (Bcl2l11), related to the signaling pathway, played a major role in the apoptosis of glioma after IRE. The sequencing results were confirmed by qPCR and Western blot. We also found that the transcription changes also implicated three other forms of RCD: autophagy, necroptosis, and immunogenic cell death (ICD), in addition to apoptosis. These together imply that IRE possibly mediates apoptosis by the AP-1-Bim pathway, causes mixed RCD simultaneously, and has the potential to aid in the generation of a systemic antitumor immune response.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-845124a72555", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation improves survival and immune cell infiltration in rodents with malignant gliomas", "authors": "Campelo et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2023.1171278", "pmid": "37213298", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been previously investigated in preclinical trials as a treatment for intracranial malignancies. Here, we investigate next generation high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE), as both a monotherapy and a combinatorial therapy, for the treatment of malignant gliomas. Methods: Hydrogel tissue scaffolds and numerical modeling were used to inform in-vivo H-FIRE pulsing parameters for our orthotopic tumor-bearing glioma model. Fischer rats were separated into five treatment cohorts including high-dose H-FIRE (1750V/cm), low-dose H-FIRE (600V/cm), combinatorial high-dose H-FIRE + liposomal doxorubicin, low-dose H-FIRE + liposomal doxorubicin, and standalone liposomal doxorubicin groups. Cohorts were compared against a standalone tumor-bearing sham group which received no therapeutic intervention. To further enhance the translational value of our work, we characterize the local and systemic immune responses to intracranial H-FIRE at the study timepoint. Results: The median survival for each cohort are as follows: 31 days (high-dose H-FIRE), 38 days (low-dose H-FIRE), 37.5 days (high-dose H-FIRE + liposomal doxorubicin), 27 days (low-dose H-FIRE + liposomal doxorubicin), 20 days (liposomal doxorubicin), and 26 days (sham). A statistically greater overall survival fraction was noted in the high-dose H-FIRE + liposomal doxorubicin (50%, p = 0.044), high-dose H-FIRE (28.6%, p = 0.034), and the low-dose H-FIRE (20%, p = 0.0214) compared to the sham control (0%). Compared to sham controls, brain sections of rats treated with H-FIRE demonstrated significant increases in IHC scores for CD3+ T-cells (p = 0.0014), CD79a+ B-cells (p = 0.01), IBA-1+ dendritic cells/microglia (p = 0.04), CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells (p = 0.0004), and CD86+ M1 macrophages (p = 0.01). Conclusions: H-FIRE may be used as both a monotherapy and a combinatorial therapy to improve survival in the treatment of malignant gliomas while also promoting the presence of infiltrative immune cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5e6864daf668", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Burst sine wave electroporation (B-SWE) for expansive blood-brain barrier disruption and controlled non-thermal tissue ablation for neurological disease", "authors": "Campelo", "year": 2024, "journal": "APL Bioeng", "doi": "10.1063/5.0198382", "pmid": "38835479", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the efficacy of treatments for malignant brain tumors, necessitating innovative approaches to breach the barrier. This study introduces burst sine wave electroporation (B-SWE) as a strategic modality for controlled BBB disruption without extensive tissue ablation and compares it against conventional pulsed square wave electroporation-based technologies such as high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE). Using an in vivo rodent model, B-SWE and H-FIRE effects on BBB disruption, tissue ablation, and neuromuscular contractions are compared. Equivalent waveforms were designed for direct comparison between the two pulsing schemes, revealing that B-SWE induces larger BBB disruption volumes while minimizing tissue ablation. While B-SWE exhibited heightened neuromuscular contractions when compared to equivalent H-FIRE waveforms, an additional low-dose B-SWE group demonstrated that a reduced potential can achieve similar levels of BBB disruption while minimizing neuromuscular contractions. Repair kinetics indicated faster closure post B-SWE-induced BBB disruption when compared to equivalent H-FIRE protocols, emphasizing B-SWE's transient and controllable nature. Additionally, finite element modeling illustrated the potential for extensive BBB disruption while reducing ablation using B-SWE. B-SWE presents a promising avenue for tailored BBB disruption with minimal tissue ablation, offering a nuanced approach for glioblastoma treatment and beyond.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-db955df4217b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles disrupt the blood-brain barrier endothelium following high-frequency irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Murphy", "year": 2024, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-79019-5", "pmid": "39557959", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE), a nonthermal brain tumor ablation therapeutic, generates a central tumor ablation zone while transiently disrupting the peritumoral blood-brain barrier (BBB). We hypothesized that bystander effects of H-FIRE tumor cell ablation, mediated by small tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (sTDEV), disrupt the BBB endothelium. Monolayers of bEnd.3 cerebral endothelial cells were exposed to supernatants of H-FIRE or radiation (RT)-treated LL/2 and F98 cancer cells. Endothelial cell response was evaluated microscopically and via flow cytometry for apoptosis. sTDEV were isolated following H-FIRE and RT, characterized via nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission electron microscopy, and applied to a Transwell BBB endothelium model to quantify permeability changes. Supernatants of H-FIRE-treated tumor cells, but not supernatants of sham- or RT-treated cells, disrupted endothelial cell monolayer integrity while maintaining viability. sTDEV released by glioma cells treated with 3000 V/cm H-FIRE increased permeability of the BBB endothelium model compared to sTDEV released after lower H-FIRE doses and RT. NTA revealed significantly decreased sTDEV release after the 3000 V/cm H-FIRE dose. Our results demonstrate that sTDEV increase permeability of the BBB endothelium after H-FIRE ablation in vitro. sTDEV-mediated mechanisms of BBB disruption may be exploited for drug delivery to infiltrative margins following H-FIRE ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a60ad39fa0d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Injectable bioresorbable conductive hydrogels for multimodal brain tumor electroimmunotherapy", "authors": "Yadav", "year": 2025, "journal": "Nat Commun", "doi": "10.1038/s41467-025-65785-x", "pmid": "41184309", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Current electrode technologies are too rigid for safe and effective delivery of electrotherapy in the brain, and patients with glioblastoma continue to face a devastating prognosis, with median survival stalled at 15 months despite intensive treatment with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. But these conventional approaches potentially compromise immune function, underscoring the urgent need for therapies that activate, rather than suppress, the immune system. Therefore, we introduce injectable conductive hydrogels engineered to match the softness of brain tissue while exhibiting electrical conductivities up to three orders of magnitude higher than any previously reported injectable hydrogels. They can be implanted through minimally invasive syringe capillaries as narrow as 30 µm-avoiding brain tissue damage-and via convection-enhanced delivery (CED) or endovascular catheters, the latter potentially eliminating the need for open brain surgery. Additionally, it can drape a resection cavity to eliminate residual tumor cells. In human glioblastoma tumors in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane model, implantation of the electrode using CED, followed by irreversible electroporation, obliterated tumors within three days. Other injection techniques impaired tumor growth, induced immunogenic cell death, and a robust infiltration of helper and cytotoxic T cells, alongside macrophages, highlighting the immune-activating and tumor-targeting capabilities.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-a7cd86990c", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:yadav", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fb4229a5d8ac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Optimizing pulse duration and interphase delay in high-frequency irreversible electroporation for glioma ablation: a simulation study", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109139", "pmid": "41124808", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Prior studies have left the selection of high frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) pulse parameters in glioma ablation ambiguous. We developed a pulse waveform-depended glioma ablation model for the first time, in which the dynamic conductivity of tumor and gray/white tissues were determined based on the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0da37ba95477", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Vasküler Malformasyonlar", "applicationSlug": "vaskuler-malformasyonlar", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Bleomycin-Electrosclerotherapy in the treatment of superficial slow-flow vascular malformations of head and neck", "authors": "Obereisenbuchner et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Neurol", "doi": "10.3389/fneur.2026.1826764", "pmid": "42051780", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Recently, Bleomycin-Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) has emerged as a novel alternative in the treatment of slow-flow vascular malformations. Regarding the commonly affected head and neck area, this procedure has to be safe and controllable due to the close anatomical proximity of critical structures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and clinical outcome of BEST for slow-flow vascular malformations of the head and neck region. Methods: Twenty-five patients with symptomatic predominantly superficial SFVMs were treated by 41 BEST sessions between 11/21 and 09/24. Treatments of lesions involving the aerodigestive tract were excluded. Patient records and imaging findings were analyzed with respect to clinical and procedural details. Changes in overall symptom severity were classified into five categories (complete-, marked-, mild-, no response, and progress) based on patients' reports. Pre- and postprocedural lesion size was determined by measuring the maximum diameter in three orthogonal planes on MRI. Complications and side-effects including skin discoloration were assessed. Results: The most common indications for treatment were swelling in 17/25 patients (68%), followed by pain (7/25, 28%), and functional impairment (7/25, 28%). Patients received 1.6 ± 1.1 BEST sessions with a median bleomycin dose of 5 mg (range 1-15 mg). Complete response at the end of follow-up was observed in 8/25 (32%), strong reduction of symptoms in 14/25 (56%), and mild reduction in 3/25 (12%) patients. No patients showed progression or were non-responders. Follow-up MRI revealed a lesion size reduction in all patients for which a follow-up MRI was available and complete or partial reduced contrast uptake in 8/10 (80%) patients. Prolonged pain and swelling were observed after 4/41 (9.8%) of BEST sessions. There were no major complications following the treatment of superficial SFVMs, especially no nerve injury. Skin discoloration was observed in 9/25 (36%) of patients while all patients already reported partially fading during follow-up. All complications were temporary only and subsided at follow-up. Discussion: BEST is safe and effective for treating slow-flow vascular malformations of the head and neck region with an acceptable risk- and complication profile.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "elektroskleroterapi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fdc2411d98f8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Design of an Irreversible Electroporation System for Clinical Use", "authors": "Bertacchini et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600408", "pmid": "17668939", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation is an ablation modality in which microseconds, high-voltage electrical pulses are applied to induce cell necrosis in a target tissue. To perform irreversible electroporation it is necessary to use a medical device specifically designed for this use. The design of an irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-49dbdd92a0b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Measurement and Characterization of Exposure Systems for High-Frequency, Ultrashort Pulses", "authors": "Leveque et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_207", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "This chapter summarizes the experimental dosimetry techniques developed for exposures to high-intensity, ultrashort pulses in the nanosecond domain. The dosimetry or characterization of the exposure conditions was performed by experimental and numerical techniques. Typical frequency and time domain techniques for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-66c998a5e3db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Cihaz ve Klinik Araştırmalar", "applicationSlug": "cihaz-ve-klinik-arastirmalar", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Compact Nanosecond Pulse Generator Based on Printed Circuit Board Transmission Lines and Solid-State Switches", "authors": "Mi et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_212", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "In order to explore the biomedical application of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs), researchers have used numerous methods to develop nanosecond pulse generators. Transmission line-based generators are widely used for their good reliability and simplicity. With traditional method, strip lines and spark gap…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5150495f1109", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Tumor ablation with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Al-Sakere", "year": 2007, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0001135", "pmid": "17989772", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "We report the first successful use of irreversible electroporation for the minimally invasive treatment of aggressive cutaneous tumors implanted in mice. Irreversible electroporation is a newly developed non-thermal tissue ablation technique in which certain short duration electrical fields are used to permanently permeabilize the cell membrane, presumably through the formation of nanoscale defects in the cell membrane. Mathematical models of the electrical and thermal fields that develop during the application of the pulses were used to design an efficient treatment protocol with minimal heating of the tissue. Tumor regression was confirmed by histological studies which also revealed that it occurred as a direct result of irreversible cell membrane permeabilization. Parametric studies show that the successful outcome of the procedure is related to the applied electric field strength, the total pulse duration as well as the temporal mode of delivery of the pulses. Our best results were obtained using plate electrodes to deliver across the tumor 80 pulses of 100 micros at 0.3 Hz with an electrical field magnitude of 2500 V/cm. These conditions induced complete regression in 12 out of 13 treated tumors, (92%), in the absence of tissue heating. Irreversible electroporation is thus a new effective modality for non-thermal tumor ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2f373b189624", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Differential Sensitivities of Malignant and Normal Skin Cells to Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrt.2012.500204", "pmid": "21517135", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric fields with nanosecond duration and high amplitude have effects on biological subjects and bring new venue in disease diagnosis and therapy. To address this respect, we investigated the responses of paired tumor and normal human skin cells - a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cell line, and its sister normal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ac2cd9fe696c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Unresectable Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin Tumor): A Case Report", "authors": "Melenhorst et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-015-1126-z", "pmid": "25994516", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided ablation technique that is rapidly gaining popularity in the treatment of malignant tumors located near large vessels or bile ducts. The presence of metal objects in the ablation zone, such as Wallstents, is generally considered a contraindication for IRE, because tissue heating due to power conduction may lead to thermal complications. This report describes a 66-year-old female with a Bismuth-Corlette stage IV unresectable cholangiocarcinoma with a metallic Wallstent in the common bile duct, who was safely treated with percutaneous IRE with no signs for relapse 1 year after the procedure.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3981f3fb5b9a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Combination therapy comprising irreversible electroporation and hydroxycamptothecin loaded electrospun membranes to treat rabbit VX2 subcutaneous cancer", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Biomed Microdevices", "doi": "10.1007/s10544-018-0336-y", "pmid": "30310996", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a kind of promising cancer treatment technology. However, local recurrence still occurs because of incomplete ablation. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined therapy of IRE and a hydroxycamptothecin loaded electrospun membrane (EM/HCPT) to treat rabbit VX2…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f98bf4d553e6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Available ablation energies to treat cT1 renal cell cancer emerging technologies", "authors": "Zondervan", "year": 2019, "journal": "World J Urol", "doi": "10.1007/s00345-018-2546-6", "pmid": "30448873", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: An increasing interest in percutaneous ablation of renal tumors has been caused by the increasing incidence of SRMs, the trend toward minimally invasive nephron-sparing treatments and the rapid development of local ablative technologies. In the era of shared decision making, patient preference for non-invasive treatments also leads to an increasing demand for image-guided ablation. Although some guidelines still reserve ablation for poor surgical candidates, indications may soon expand as evidence for the use of the two most validated local ablative techniques, cryoablation (CA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is accumulating. Due to the collaboration between experts in the field in biomedical engineering, urologists, interventional radiologists and radiation oncologists, the improvements in ablation technologies have been evolving rapidly in the last decades, resulting in some new emerging types of ablations. Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify original research articles investigating the clinical outcomes of new emerging technologies, percutaneous MWA, percutaneous IRE and SABR, in patients with primary cT1 localized renal cell cancer. Results: Due to the collaboration between experts in the field in biomedical engineering, urologists, interventional radiologists and radiation oncologists, the improvements in ablation technologies have been evolving rapidly in the last decades. New emerging technologies such as microwave ablation (MWA), irreversible electroporation (IRE) and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) seem to be getting ready for prime time. Conclusion: This topical paper describes the new emerging technologies for cT1 localized renal cell cancer and investigates how they compare to CA and RFA.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1df15170b34e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in patients with liver tumours: treated-area patterns with contrast-enhanced ultrasound", "authors": "Zhou", "year": 2020, "journal": "World J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1186/s12957-020-02083-4", "pmid": "33228665", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Familiarity with post-IRE imaging interpretation is of considerable importance in determining ablation success and detecting recurrence. CEUS can be used to assess the tumour response and characteristics of the ablation zone. It is of clinical interest to describe the ultrasonographic findings of liver tumours after irreversible electroporation (IRE) percutaneous ablation. Methods: A prospective study of 24 cases of malignant liver tumours (22 cases of primary liver tumours and 2 cases of liver metastases) treated by IRE ablation was conducted. Two inspectors evaluated the ablation zone in a consensus reading performed immediately, 1 day, and 1 month after IRE ablation. The gold standard method, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment at 1 month. Results: Immediately after IRE ablation and up to 1 month later, the ablation zones gradually changed from hypo-echogenicity to hyper-echogenicity on conventional ultrasound and showed non-enhancement on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). One month after IRE ablation, CEUS and MRI results were highly consistent (κ = 0.78, p < 0.05). Conclusions: We conclude that CEUS may be an effective tool for assessing post-IRE ablation changes after 1 month. CEUS enables the depiction of tumour vascularity in real time and serves as an easy, repeatable method.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-eea76ccacec1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Local ablation of pancreatic tumors State of the art and future perspectives", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v27.i23.3413", "pmid": "34163121", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Currently, the technologies most commonly used to treat locally advanced pancreatic cancer are radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation, and irreversible (IRE) or reversible electroporation combined with low doses of chemotherapeutic drugs. Aim: To report an overview and updates on ablative…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7a0cc1a17d4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation to the Esophagus: Evaluation of Acute and Long-Term Pathological Effects in a Rabbit Model", "authors": "Song", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Am Heart Assoc", "doi": "10.1161/jaha.120.020731", "pmid": "34726077", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background Esophageal ulceration and fistula are severe complications of pulmonary vein isolation using thermal ablation. Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a promising new technology for pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation. NTIRE ablation technology has been used to treat…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-01c1aefbedc8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "An overview of the irreversible electroporation for the treatment of liver metastases: When to use it", "authors": "Belfiore", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.943176", "pmid": "36119531", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Tumour ablation is an established therapy for local treatment of liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma. Most commonly two different kind of thermic ablation, radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation, are used in clinical practice. The aim of both is to induce thermic damage to the malignant cells in order to obtain coagulative necrosis of the neoplastic lesions. Our main concerns about these procedures are the collateral thermic damage to adjacent structures and heat-sink effect. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a recently developed, non-thermal ablation procedure which works applying short pulses of direct current that generate an electric field in the lesion area. The electric field increase the transmembrane potential, changing its permeability to ions.Irreversible electroporation does not generate heat, giving the chance to avoid the heat-sink effect and opening the path to a better treatment of all the lesions located in close proximity to big vessels and bile ducts. Electric fields produced by the IRE may affect endothelial cells and cholangiocytes but they spare the collagen matrix, preserving re-epithelization process as well as the function of the damaged structures. Purpose of the authors is to identify the different scenarios where CT-guided percutaneous IRE of the liver should be preferred to other ablative techniques and why.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-20cfc341e1df", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in renal tumours: A systematic review of safety and early oncological outcomes", "authors": "Hilton", "year": 2022, "journal": "Urologia", "doi": "10.1177/03915603221077590", "pmid": "35139717", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We review the safety and early oncological outcomes of irreversible electroporation (IRE), a novel non-thermal ablation technique, in small renal masses (SRMs). Following PROSPERO registration (CRD42020197943), a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and SCOPUS databases according to PRISMA guidelines was performed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-44b3aa60308e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Ablation of Hepatic Tumors at the Hepatocaval Confluence Using Irreversible Electroporation: A Preliminary Study", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol29060316", "pmid": "35735425", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Tumors at the hepatocaval confluence are difficult to treat, either surgically or ablatively. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study on patients ineligible for thermal ablation who underwent computed tomography-guided IRE for hepatic tumors at the hepatocaval confluence was conducted. Factors analyzed included patient and tumor characteristics, IRE procedure details, treatment-related complications, and prognosis. Results: Between 2017 and 2021, 21 patients at our institute received percutaneous IRE. Of the 38 lesions, 21 were at the hepatocaval confluence. Complete ablation was achieved in all cases. Local and distant recurrence was observed in 4.8% (1/21) and 42.6% (9/21) of the ablated tumors, respectively. All postcava remained perfused at follow-up, except for 1 (4.8%) hepatic vein near the lesion found to be temporarily occluded and restored within 1 month. The ratio of the maximum diameter of ablation area at 1, 3, and 6 months post procedure compared to that immediately after IRE was 0.68 (0.50-0.84), 0.49 (0.27-0.61), and 0.38 (0.25-0.59), respectively. Progression-free survival of the patients with recurrence was 121 (range, 25-566) days. Four (19.0%) patients died at the end of follow-up with median overall survival of 451.5 (range, 25-716) days. Conclusions: IRE could be a safe and effective treatment for hepatic tumors at the hepatocaval confluence. This article provides valuable prognostic data; further clinical research is needed for better prognosis.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bfade94eecb2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Abutting the Diaphragm: A Prospective Single-center Study", "authors": "Ma et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Clin Transl Hepatol", "doi": "10.14218/jcth.2021.00019", "pmid": "35528984", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and aims: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging local ablation therapy which may be effective for unresectable tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous IRE in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) abutting the diaphragm. Methods: A total of 26…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e1c148943826", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Sequential Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Ong", "year": 2023, "journal": "Diagnostics (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/diagnostics13223458", "pmid": "37998594", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease, with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) having a dismal prognosis. For patients with LAPC, gemcitabine-based regimens, with or without radiation, have long been the standard of care. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal ablative technique, may potentially prolong the survival of patients with LAPC. In this article, the authors present a case of LAPC of the uncinate process (biopsy proven pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma) with duodenal invasion. The patient had a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy but was found to have stable disease. He then underwent intra-operative IRE with cholecystectomy, Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy. He subsequently underwent percutaneous IRE 13 months post open IRE. The patient also completed peptide receptor radionuclide therapy and has been started on Lanreotide. Following combination therapy, the pancreatic tumor showed significant reduction in size, with patient survival at 53 months post-diagnosis at the time of writing.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f9d87b47c296", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Transarterial Embolization and Percutaneous Ablation of Primary and Metastatic Soft Tissue Tumors", "authors": "Shu", "year": 2023, "journal": "Life (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/life13071485", "pmid": "37511864", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Soft tissue tumors (STTs) include a range of benign and malignant tumors originating from soft tissues. Transarterial and percutaneous therapies are image-guided and minimally invasive approaches for managing primary and metastatic STTs. The objective of this review is to discuss transarterial and percutaneous therapies by examining the current literature, including indications, patient selection, safety, and effectiveness. Transarterial therapies (e.g., transarterial bland embolization and transarterial chemoembolization) involve the delivery of either embolic or chemotherapeutic particles using a catheter into arteries feeding the tumor, resulting in localized tumor destruction. Percutaneous therapies (e.g., radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, irreversible electroporation, laser ablation, and magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound) involve the delivery of either hot or cold temperatures, electrical current, laser, or ultrasound to specifically target tumor cells. Both therapies have been shown to be safe and effective for reducing morbidity and local control of STTs, specifically in patients who are surgically inoperable or who are unresponsive to conventional therapies. Accurate diagnosis, staging, and histological subtype identification are crucial for treatment selection. A multidisciplinary approach, a thorough understanding of tissue anatomy and surrounding structures, as well as individualized strategies based on assessment are essential for optimal patient care.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1ac33932abf4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma a bibliometric analysis", "authors": "Song", "year": 2023, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2023.1166775", "pmid": "37427105", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: Ablation is a common treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to assess research trends in the ablation treatment of HCC using bibliometric analysis. Methods: Publications between January 1, 1993 and December 31, 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. The bibliometrix package from R software, CiteSpace, VOSviewer and an online analytical platform were used for data analysis and plotting. Results: A total of 4,029 publications were retrieved from the Web of Science database between 1993 and 2022. The annual growth rate of publication numbers was 10.14%. China had the largest number of publications in the field of HCC ablation. China and the United States of America have the most notable cooperation. Sun Yat-sen University had the largest number of publications in the field of HCC ablation. The most relevant journals were Hepatology , Journal of Hepatology , Gastroenterology , and Radiology . High-frequency keywords mainly focused on \"therapy,\" \"resection,\" \"radiofrequency ablation\" and \"survival\". Conclusions: With the increase in related publications, the research direction of ablation treatment of HCC is mainly focused on \"therapy,\" \"resection,\" \"radiofrequency ablation\" and \"survival\", and the ablation treatment method has gradually changed from percutaneous ethanol injection to radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation. Irreversible electroporation may become the main method of ablation therapy in the future.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "legacy_unverified", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3cdcfaf10f74", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combination therapy of irreversible electroporation and cytokine-induced killer cells for treating mice bearing panc02 pancreatic-cancer xenografts", "authors": "Wang", "year": 2023, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101547", "pmid": "37745985", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The current study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects and potent mechanism of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells combined with irreversible electroporation (IRE) via Panc02 cell-bearing mouse model in vivo. CIK cells were isolated from the spleens of Panc02 pancreatic-cancer (PC) subcutaneous-xenograft model…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-57a6dea399a0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pembrolizumab followed by irreversible electroporation of a liver metastasis in pancreatic cancer patients", "authors": "Flak", "year": 2024, "journal": "iScience", "doi": "10.1016/j.isci.2024.111026", "pmid": "39610376", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Preclinical studies suggest that irreversible electroporation (IRE) increases the effect of immune checkpoint inhibition in pancreatic cancer (PC). Patients with PC received PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab and, on day 10, percutaneous IRE of a liver metastasis. Blood samples were analyzed for immune cell subsets and inflammation related proteins. mRNA expression profiling was done in sequential biopsies. Treatment was safe, but the trial was terminated early. The response rate in eight patients was 0% and tumor growth was exponential. A drop in circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells and a rise in several cytokines and proteins, especially PD-1, after immunotherapy was observed. In liver metastases, immune stimulatory genes were upregulated and immune suppressive genes were downregulated after pembrolizumab, while markers of effector T cells were unchanged. Treatment was safe but showed no efficacy in PC. Immunotherapy induced an immune permissive tumor microenvironment but with no increase in effector cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-52bed20ff8c1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation as a Valid Treatment Option for Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: An International Multicenter Experience", "authors": "Narayanan", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-024-03770-5", "pmid": "38844684", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a rare tumor with currently no established standard of care. This international multicenter retrospective study assesses the use of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) as an ablative tool to treat HEHE and provides a clinical overview of the current management and role of IRE in HEHE treatment. Material and methods: Between 2017 and 2023, 14 patients with 47 HEHE tumors were treated with percutaneous IRE using CT-scan guidance in 23 procedures. Baseline patient and tumor characteristics were evaluated. Primary outcome measures included safety and effectiveness, analyzed using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) and treatment response by mRECIST criteria. Secondary outcome measures included technical success, post-treatment tumor sizes and length of hospital stay. Technical success was defined as complete ablation with an adequate ablative margin (intentional tumor free ablation margin > 5 mm). Results: IRE treatment resulted in technical success in all tumors. Following a median follow-up of 15 months, 30 tumors demonstrated a complete response according to mRECIST criteria. The average tumor size pre-treatment was 25.8 mm, accompanied by an average reduction in tumor size by 7.5 mm. In 38 out of 47 tumors, there was no evidence of local recurrence. In nine tumors, residual tumor was present. There were no cases of progressive disease. Median length of hospital stay was one day. Only one grade 3 CTCAE event occurred, a pneumothorax requiring chest tube placement. Conclusion: The current study provides evidence that IRE is a safe and efficacious minimally invasive treatment option for HEHE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a566492424e2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for prostate cancer another promising focal therapy", "authors": "Schmid", "year": 2024, "journal": "Einstein (Sao Paulo)", "doi": "10.31744/einstein_journal/2024rc0779", "pmid": "39607114", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Radical treatment for prostate cancer is associated with significant morbidity. Percutaneous image-guided irreversible electroporation is a non-thermal ablative technique that has emerged as a valuable option. This study describes the case of a patient with prostate cancer who was successfully treated using irreversible electroporation. We report the case of a 72-year-old male patient who presented with elevated PSA (4.0ng/mL) during routine testing. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate revealed a 0.8 cm lesion in the posterolateral aspect of the right midgland with marked hypointensity on ADC (ACR PI-RADS 4). The transperineal prostate revealed acinar adenocarcinoma (Gleason Score 3+3=6; International Society of Urological Pathology=1). Serum PSA levels reduced to 1.04ng/mL 32 days after the procedure and remained within normal limits (1.26ng/mL) after 349 days. Follow-up imaging performed 90 days later with prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/MRI showed size reduction, retraction, and diffuse hypointensity in the peripheral zone of the right prostate lobe, with no increase in prostate-specific membrane antigen uptake. Magnetic resonance imaging found no suspicious lesions 367 days after irreversible electroporation. At the final clinical follow-up at 390 days, the patient was asymptomatic. Our findings illustrate the potential of irreversible electroporation as a possible alternative treatment for prostate cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f7b47bf5755e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Cilt ve Kutanöz Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "cilt-ve-kutanoz-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "IRE made easy: introducing the robotic grid system for multiple parallel needle insertion in irreversible electroporation treatment", "authors": "Wardhana", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s11548-024-03216-w", "pmid": "38896406", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Accurate needle placement is crucial for successful tumor treatment using the irreversible electroporation (IRE) method. Multiple needles are inserted around the tumor, ideally in parallel, to achieve uniform electric field distribution. This paper presents a robot utilizing a grid system to enable multiple needles insertion while maintaining parallelism between them. Methods: The robotic system has two degrees of freedom, which allow for the adjustment of the grid system to accommodate targeting lesions in various positions. The robot's performance was evaluated by testing its accuracy across various configurations and target depth locations, as well as its ability to maintain the needle parallelism. Results: The robot has dimensions of ϕ 134 mm and a height of 46 mm, with a total weight of 295 g. The system accuracy test showed that the robot can precisely target points across different target depths and needle orientations, with an average error of 2.71 ± 0.68 mm. Moreover, multiple insertions at different grid locations reveal needle orientation deviations typically below 1 ∘ . Conclusion: This study presented the design and validation of a robotic grid system. The robot is capable of maintaining insertion accuracy and needle parallelism during multiple needle insertions at various robot configurations. The robot showed promising results with limited needle deviation, making it suitable for IRE procedures.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f8c41abd9497", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The 41BB-agonist potentiates the therapeutic efficacy of a combined irreversible electroporation ablation treatment of lung cancer by promoting unexpected CD8 + CD103 + cDC1 and tissue-resident memory T cell responses", "authors": "Fang", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2025.1688281", "pmid": "41194931", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new, non-thermal ablation technology for cancer treatment that requires further investigation to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. To improve IRE-ablation, we developed an IRE+Combo-treatment regimen that included the Combo adjuvants poly-I:C (pIC)/CpG, anti-PD-L1 antibody (PD-L1-Ab) and the 41BB-agonist, and investigated its anti-tumor immunity in a 3LL OVA lung cancer model. We demonstrated that inclusion of the 41BB-agonist in the IRE+Combo-ablation stimulated a more efficient CD8 + T cell response (5.3%) than that observed in the absence of 41BB-agonist (3.0%) or upon IRE ablation alone (0.4%), leading to eradication of subcutaneous 3LL OVA cancer in 75% of 3LL OVA -bearing mice. We further showed that the IRE+Combo-treatment regimen resulted in the eradication of both 3LL OVA cancer and lung tumor metastases. Interestingly, our flow cytometry analyses argued that addition of the 41BB-agonist to the IRE+Combo-ablation stimulated a higher frequency of novel CD8 + CD103 + conventional type-1 dendritic cells (cDC1) (14.4%) in tumor-drainage lymph-nodes (TDLNs) relative to control IRE+CpG/pIC/PD-L1-Ab- (7.5%) and IRE- (4.0%) treatment groups. This novel cDC1 subpopulation exhibited the most robust expression of DC maturation markers and costimulatory 41BBL and 41BB of all cDC1 subsets. The 41BB-agonist also stimulated a higher frequency of 41BB + CD103 + TCF-1 + tissue-resident memory T (T RM ) cells (14.5%) in TDLNs when compared with the two control (2.6% and 0.3%) treatment groups. Importantly, the IRE+Combo-treatment regimen was more efficient than the two control groups at converting the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), an effect that was mitigated by reducing the frequency of inhibitory myeloid-derived suppressive cells while increasing that of immunogenic cDC1 and CD8 + T cells and rescuing T cell exhaustion. Taken together, our data establish that the 41BB-agonist potentiates the efficacy of IRE+Combo-therapy for lung cancer treatment by promoting unexpected cDC1 and T RM cell responses, and emphasize the importance of targeting this promising molecular signal to improve current cancer IRE-ablation protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-73798e0a669a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Technical aspects, methodological challenges, and factors predicting outcomes of percutaneous ablation for colorectal liver metastases", "authors": "Franke", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pol J Radiol", "doi": "10.5114/pjr/204158", "pmid": "40626031", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Colorectal cancer is a prevalent malignancy, with colorectal liver metastases (CLM) being a common and challenging clinical issue. Traditionally, surgical resection was the only curative treatment; however, percutaneous ablation (radiofrequency, microwave, and irreversible electroporation) has emerged as a treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f7c848864b5a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Enhancing pancreatic cancer treatment: the role of H101 oncolytic virus in irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Xi et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2025.1546242", "pmid": "40170848", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) offers a promising treatment for pancreatic cancer by using high-voltage pulses to kill tumor cells. But variations in tumor size and shape can lead to uneven electric fields, causing some cells to undergo only reversible electroporation (RE) and survive. However, RE can temporarily increase the permeability of the cell membrane, allowing small molecules to enter. H101 virus is an oncolytic adenovirus with deleted E1B-55kD and E3 regions that selectively targets and kills tumor cells. This study aimed to investigate whether the H101 oncolytic virus can serve as a supplementary therapeutic approach to kill tumors combined with RE. Methods: We first explored how RE and the H101 oncolytic virus, both individually and together, affected tumor cell proliferation and migration in cellular experiments. Subsequent in vitro studies further assessed the effects of different treatments on tumor growth. To understand the mechanisms of pathway changes in tumors from different treatment groups, we analyzed tumor samples from each group using bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Additional biochemical techniques were used to validate key molecular changes. Results: The combination of RE with the H101 oncolytic virus effectively inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and migration. Experiments using mouse subcutaneous tumor models confirmed that the combination therapy significantly reduced tumor growth. Further analysis bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq revealed that this combined approach activates the JNK-MAPK pathway, inducing apoptosis and enhancing therapeutic effects. Conclusions: This combination boosts therapeutic effectiveness by activating the JNK-MAPK pathway and promoting tumor cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that the H101 oncolytic virus could serve as a valuable adjunct to improve the efficacy of IRE treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7798085f3995", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation combined with immunotherapy versus irreversible electroporation alone for locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Mariussi", "year": 2026, "journal": "Einstein (Sao Paulo)", "doi": "10.31744/einstein_journal/2026rw1656", "pmid": "42054172", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy and safety of percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with immunotherapy compared with irreversible electroporation alone in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods We systematically searched Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed/Medline for relevant studies. The outcomes of interest were progression-free survival, overall survival, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) levels, and adverse events. Progression-free survival and overall survival were assessed using pooled hazard ratios (HR), odds ratios (OR) were used for adverse events, and mean differences (MD) for CA 19-9. Results Four studies involving 310 patients were included in the pooled analysis. Irreversible electroporation combined with immunotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared with irreversible electroporation alone (hazard ratio [HR], 0.56; 95%CI=0.39 - 0.80; p Conclusion Combined therapy using percutaneous irreversible electroporation and systemic immunotherapy offers a safe and effective treatment approach for locally advanced pancreatic cancer, with irreversible electroporation potentially enhancing the efficacy of systemic immunotherapy in combined applications. Prospero database registration ID CRD42024562216.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ca61863eb7a1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Radiological Loco-Regional Treatments for Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature", "authors": "Pallas", "year": 2026, "journal": "Liver Int", "doi": "10.1111/liv.70585", "pmid": "41797383", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary liver cancer and is being diagnosed with increasing frequency worldwide. We performed a systematic review on radiofrequency (RFA), microwave (MWA), irreversible electroporation (IRE), trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and selective internal radiation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1da8fdaa4b09", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Computed tomography-guided irreversible electroporation for a pubic bone metastasis: a technical note and early experience", "authors": "Pusceddu", "year": 2026, "journal": "Diagn Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.4274/dir.2025.253402", "pmid": "40622186", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Bone metastases are common in advanced solid tumors and often require local control strategies in addition to systemic therapy. Although thermal ablation is an established method for selected lesions, its use may be limited in anatomically complex or heat-sensitive locations. Irreversible electroporation, a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3cf16c5f7243", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Stereotactic two-needle irreversible electroporation of liver tumors near critical structures: a proof-of-concept study", "authors": "Zhang", "year": 2026, "journal": "Eur Radiol Exp", "doi": "10.1186/s41747-025-00674-y", "pmid": "41729480", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique suitable for tumors near critical structures, but its widespread use is limited by technical complexity and the need for multiple electrodes. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a stereotactic percutaneous two-needle IRE approach for small liver tumors in anatomically challenging locations. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, 17 consecutive patients with 18 primary or secondary liver tumors (≤ 2.0 cm) adjacent to critical anatomical structures underwent CT-navigated stereotactic two-needle IRE between December 2021 and May 2025. Ablation was performed with a high-dose protocol (2 × 90 pulses, 90 µs, > 20 A). Primary endpoints were primary technique efficacy (PTE) and local tumor progression (LTP); secondary endpoints included complications. Needle placement was assessed through geometric analysis. Results: PTE was obtained in 17/18 tumors (94.4%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 72.7-99.9%). At a median follow-up of 12.4 months, LTP occurred in 1/18 tumors (5.6%, 95% CI: 0.1-27.3%). No complications or procedure-related mortality were observed. Geometric analysis showed high accuracy of stereotactic needle placement, while treatment failure was associated with suboptimal geometry. Conclusion: Stereotactic percutaneous two-needle IRE seems to be technically feasible with a favorable safety profile for small liver tumors in anatomically challenging locations and may offer a simplified alternative to multielectrode approaches. However, given the small, retrospective single-center design, these findings are preliminary and require prospective multicenter validation to establish oncologic effectiveness and generalizability. Relevance statement: Stereotactic two-needle irreversible electroporation offered a simplified, safe, and effective alternative to multielectrode ablation, potentially broadening treatment options for liver tumors near critical structures and improving accessibility, reproducibility, and outcomes in interventional oncology. Key points: First systematic clinical evaluation of stereotactic two-needle irreversible electroporation (IRE) for liver tumors. Two-needle configuration with high-dose protocol simplifies IRE compared with standard multielectrode approaches. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates high efficacy and absence of complications in small liver tumors near critical structures. Two-needle IRE may broaden clinical applicability in anatomically challenging locations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1983d4074134", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Endometriyum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "endometriyum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Palliative treatment of presacral recurrence of endometrial cancer using irreversible electroporation: a case report", "authors": "Niessen et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Med Case Rep", "doi": "10.1186/1752-1947-7-128", "pmid": "23668891", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new minimally invasive tumor ablation technique which induces irreversible disruption of cell membrane integrity by changing the transmembrane potential resulting in cell death. Irreversible electroporation is currently undergoing clinical investigation as local tumor therapy for malignant liver and lung lesions. This is the first case report to describe the successful palliative ablation of a presacral recurrence of an endometrial cancer to achieve locoregional tumor control and pain relief. Case presentation: A 56-year-old Caucasian woman was referred for interventional treatment of an advanced local recurrence of endometrial cancer (11.9 × 11.6 × 14.9cm) with infiltration of the sacral bone and nerve plexus. Due to the immediate proximity to the sacral plexus, the patient could neither undergo surgical therapy nor a second radiation therapy. Due to its ablation mechanism irreversible electroporation was deemed to be the best therapy option. Conclusion: We showed in this case that a large tumor mass adjacent to a bundle of neural structures, the sacral plexus, can be widely ablated by irreversible electroporation with only minor temporary impairment of the neural function, even though a large infiltrating tissue volume (941cm3) was ablated.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a61ffc2ab794", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Endometriyum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "endometriyum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of the uterine cervix in a rabbit model", "authors": "Chai et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Biomed Microdevices", "doi": "10.1007/s10544-017-0248-2", "pmid": "29138988", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on the uterine cervix in a rabbit model. IRE ablation was performed in the cervices of 48 New Zealand rabbits, with one ablation lesion in each animal. Gross pathology, transmission electron microscopy, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-36872894e908", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Endometriyum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "endometriyum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation-mediated shRNA knockdown of the HPV18 E6 gene suppresses cervical cancer growth in vitro and in vivo ", "authors": "Wang", "year": 2017, "journal": "Oncol Lett", "doi": "10.3892/ol.2017.6405", "pmid": "28781638", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a physical, non-thermal cancer therapy, which leads to cell death via permanent membrane permeability. This differs from reversible electroporation (RE), which is used to transfer macromolecules into target cells via transient membrane permeability. Given the electrical impedance…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b5dc2cab5498", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "New Surgical Approach to Treat Fibroids and Solid Tumors - Thermal and Nonthermal Ablation", "authors": "Wong", "year": 2023, "journal": "Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther", "doi": "10.4103/gmit.gmit_18_23", "pmid": "38034109", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "There is a trend toward more minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic uterine fibroids. They are image-guided ablation surgery with focused ultrasound, microwave, and radiofrequency ablations that are becoming tested and used in some medical centers or hospitals. Nevertheless, these image-guided ablation surgeries…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-878828c5c8bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Diverse Effects of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields on Cells and Tissues", "authors": "Beebe et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "DNA Cell Biol", "doi": "10.1089/104454903322624993", "pmid": "14683589", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The application of pulsed electric fields to cells is extended to include nonthermal pulses with shorter durations (10-300 ns), higher electric fields (< or =350 kV/cm), higher power (gigawatts), and distinct effects (nsPEF) compared to classical electroporation. Here we define effects and explore potential…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cdfe46f87a85", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nanosecond, high‐intensity pulsed electric fields induce apoptosis in human cells", "authors": "Beebe et al", "year": 2003, "journal": "FASEB J", "doi": "10.1096/fj.02-0859fje", "pmid": "12824299", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Electroporation by using pulsed electric fields with long durations compared with the charging time of the plasma membrane can induce cell fusion or introduce xenomolecules into cells. Nanosecond pulse power technology generates pulses with high-intensity electric fields, but with such short durations that the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-696de699db29", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tissue Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Davalos et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-005-8981-8", "pmid": "15771276", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "This study introduces a new method for minimally invasive treatment of cancer-the ablation of undesirable tissue through the use of irreversible electroporation. Electroporation is the permeabilization of the cell membrane due to an applied electric field. As a function of the field amplitude and duration, the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-96c9dedfdd79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cancer Cells Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Miller et al", "year": 2005, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460500400615", "pmid": "16292891", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "In this study we perform in vitro irreversible electroporation (IRE) experiments with human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) to investigate IRE as a new technique for undesirable tissue ablation. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is the irreversible permeabilization of the cell membrane through the application of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f76ea150e6ef", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Study of the Immunological Response to Tumor Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Al-Sakere et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600406", "pmid": "17668937", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Immune cell recruitment during the treatment of sarcoma tumors in mice with irreversible electroporation was studied by immunohistochemistry. Irreversible electroporation is a non-thermal tissue ablation technique in which certain short duration electrical fields are used to permanently permeabilize the cell membrane…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7be773cb30d7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mathematical Modeling of Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment Planning", "authors": "Edd et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600403", "pmid": "17668934", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is a new drug-free method to ablate undesirable tissue of particular use in cancer therapy. IRE achieves cell death within the targeted tissue through a series of electric pulses that elevate the transmembrane potentials to an extent that permanently damages the lipid bilayers…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-41a273805d15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Towards solid tumor treatment by irreversible electroporation: intrinsic redistribution of fields and currents in tissue", "authors": "Esser et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600402", "pmid": "17668933", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Local and drug-free tissue treatment by irreversible electroporation (IRE) involves the creation of aqueous pores in a cell's plasma membrane (PM) and leads to non-thermal cell death by necrosis. To investigate explicit pore-based effects we use two-dimensional system models with different spatial scales. The first is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-029952dd9341", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Imaging Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation Ultrasound and Immunohistological Correlation", "authors": "Lee et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600404", "pmid": "17668935", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Preliminary results of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (PIE) on swine liver as a novel non-thermal ablation are presented. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using irreversible electroporation in more clinically applicable manner, a percutaneous method, and to investigate a possible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dd1b088d2942", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Effect of Irreversible Electroporation on Blood Vessels", "authors": "Maor et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600407", "pmid": "17668938", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "We present a pilot study on the long term effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on a large blood vessel. The study was motivated by the anticipated use of IRE for treatment of cancer tumors abutting large blood vessels. A sequence of 10 direct current IRE pulses of 3800 V/cm, 100 micros each, at a frequency of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-58f5bf68583b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Medicine", "authors": "Rubinsky", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600401", "pmid": "17668932", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "This is a brief introduction to the emerging field of irreversible electroporation in medicine. Certain electrical fields when applied across a cell can have as a sole effect the permeabilization of the cell membrane, presumable through the formation of nanoscale defects in the cell membrane. Sometimes this process…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c711c035911c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation A New Ablation Modality — Clinical Implications", "authors": "Rubinsky et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600106", "pmid": "17241099", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new tissue ablation technique in which micro to millisecond electrical pulses are delivered to undesirable tissue to produce cell necrosis through irreversible cell membrane permeabilization. IRE affects only the cell membrane and no other structure in the tissue. The goal of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b8fef89f666d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Temperature considerations during irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Davalos et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.04.046", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Certain electrical fields, when applied across a cell membrane, can have the sole effect of membrane permeabilization, which is referred to as electroporation. When the permeabilization is irreversible, the effect leads to cell death, primarily due to loss of cell homeostasis, in a process known as irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca113b7277b4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrical field and temperature model of nonthermal irreversible electroporation in heterogeneous tissues", "authors": "Daniels et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.3156808", "pmid": "19640131", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a new minimally invasive surgical technique that is part of the emerging field of molecular surgery, which holds the potential to treat diseases with unprecedented accuracy. NTIRE utilizes electrical pulses delivered to a targeted area, producing irreversible damage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a4d0023237a6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivoimaging of irreversible electroporation by means of electrical impedance tomography", "authors": "Granot et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/0031-9155/54/16/006", "pmid": "19641242", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation, the increased permeability of cell membranes due to a large transmembrane voltage, is an important clinical tool. Both reversible and irreversible in vivo electroporation are used for clinical applications such as gene therapy and solid malignant tumor ablation, respectively. The primary advantage of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-987c055b61e1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A preliminary study to delineate irreversible electroporation from thermal damage using the arrhenius equation", "authors": "Shafiee et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.3143027", "pmid": "19640145", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Intense but short electrical fields can increase the permeability of the cell membrane in a process referred to as electroporation. Reversible electroporation has become an important tool in biotechnology and medicine. The various applications of reversible electroporation require cells to survive the procedure, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0c984c8dc880", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Intracranial Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation In Vivo Analysis", "authors": "Garcia et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-010-9284-z", "pmid": "20668843", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a new minimally invasive technique to treat cancer. It is unique because of its nonthermal mechanism of tumor ablation. Intracranial NTIRE procedures involve placing electrodes into the targeted area of the brain and delivering a series of short but intense electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2eb56c3b3202", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A statistical model for multidimensional irreversible electroporation cell death in tissue", "authors": "Golberg et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925X-9-13", "pmid": "20187951", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive tissue ablation technique which utilizes electric pulses delivered by electrodes to a targeted area of tissue to produce high amplitude electric fields, thus inducing irreversible damage to the cell membrane lipid bilayer. An important application of this technique is for cancer tissue ablation. Mathematical modelling is considered important in IRE treatment planning. In the past, IRE mathematical modelling used a deterministic single value for the amplitude of the electric field required for causing cell death. However, tissue, particularly cancerous tissue, is comprised of a population of different cells of different sizes and orientations, which in conventional IRE are exposed to complex electric fields; therefore, using a deterministic single value is overly simplistic. Methods: We introduce and describe a new methodology for evaluating IRE induced cell death in tissue. Our approach employs a statistical Peleg-Fermi model to correlate probability of cell death in heterogeneous tissue to the parameters of electroporation pulses such as the number of pulses, electric field amplitude and pulse length. For treatment planning, the Peleg-Fermi model is combined with a numerical solution of the multidimensional electric field equation cast in a dimensionless form. This is the first time in which this concept is used for evaluating IRE cell death in multidimensional situations. Results: We illustrate the methodology using data reported in literature for prostate cancer cell death by IRE. We show how to fit this data to a Fermi function in order to calculate the critical statistic parameters. To illustrate the use of the methodology, we simulated 2-D irreversible electroporation protocols and produced 2-D maps of the statistical distribution of cell death in the treated region. These plots were compared to plots produced using a deterministic model of cell death by IRE and the differences were noted. Conclusions: In this work we introduce a new methodology for evaluation of tissue ablation by IRE using statistical models of cell death. We believe that the use of a statistical model rather than a deterministic model for IRE cell death will improve the accuracy of treatment planning for cancer treatment with IRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-00c6b9be7bfb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation in Vegetable Tissue", "authors": "Hjouj et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-010-9281-2", "pmid": "20631997", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "We introduce and characterize the use of MRI for studying nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) in a vegetative tissue model. NTIRE is a new minimally invasive surgical technique for tissue ablation in which microsecond, high electric-field pulses form nanoscale defects in the cell membrane that lead to cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3850c535e0ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation A Novel Image-Guided Cancer Therapy", "authors": "Lee et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Gut Liver", "doi": "10.5009/gnl.2010.4.S1.S99", "pmid": "21103304", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel tumor ablation technique using a non-thermal energy to create innumerable permanent nanopores in the cell membrane to disrupt cellular homeostasis. This disruption of cellular homeostasis initiates apoptosis which leads to permanent cell death. In our translational…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-59920bba5f6d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Endovascular Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation A Finite Element Analysis", "authors": "Maor et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.4001035", "pmid": "20459196", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Tissue ablation finds an increasing use in modern medicine. Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a biophysical phenomenon and an emerging novel tissue ablation modality, in which electric fields are applied in a pulsed mode to produce nanoscale defects to the cell membrane phospholipid bilayer, in such a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7c4fe4174af4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A parametric study delineating irreversible electroporation from thermal damage based on a minimally invasive intracranial procedure", "authors": "Garcia et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925X-10-34", "pmid": "21529373", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new minimally invasive technique to kill undesirable tissue in a non-thermal manner. In order to maximize the benefits from an IRE procedure, the pulse parameters and electrode configuration must be optimized to achieve complete coverage of the targeted tissue while preventing thermal damage due to excessive Joule heating. Methods: We developed numerical simulations of typical protocols based on a previously published computed tomographic (CT) guided in vivo procedure. These models were adapted to assess the effects of temperature, electroporation, pulse duration, and repetition rate on the volumes of tissue undergoing IRE alone or in superposition with thermal damage. Results: Nine different combinations of voltage and pulse frequency were investigated, five of which resulted in IRE alone while four produced IRE in superposition with thermal damage. Conclusions: The parametric study evaluated the influence of pulse frequency and applied voltage on treatment volumes, and refined a proposed method to delineate IRE from thermal damage. We confirm that determining an IRE treatment protocol requires incorporating all the physical effects of electroporation, and that these effects may have significant implications in treatment planning and outcome assessment. The goal of the manuscript is to provide the reader with the numerical methods to assess multiple-pulse electroporation treatment protocols in order to isolate IRE from thermal damage and capitalize on the benefits of a non-thermal mode of tissue ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-95ceb577afbf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Effects of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) on Nerves", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0018831", "pmid": "21533143", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: If a critical nerve is circumferentially involved with tumor, radical surgery intended to cure the cancer must sacrifice the nerve. Loss of critical nerves may lead to serious consequences. In spite of the impressive technical advancements in nerve reconstruction, complete recovery and normalization of nerve function is difficult to achieve. Though irreversible electroporation (IRE) might be a promising choice to treat tumors near or involved critical nerve, the pathophysiology of the nerve after IRE treatment has not be clearly defined. Methods: We applied IRE directly to a rat sciatic nerve to study the long term effects of IRE on the nerve. A sequence of 10 square pulses of 3800 V/cm, each 100 µs long was applied directly to rat sciatic nerves. In each animal of group I (IRE) the procedure was applied to produce a treated length of about 10 mm. In each animal of group II (Control) the electrodes were only applied directly on the sciatic nerve for the same time. Electrophysiological, histological, and functional studies were performed on immediately after and 3 days, 1 week, 3, 5, 7 and 10 weeks following surgery. Findings: Electrophysiological, histological, and functional results show the nerve treated with IRE can attain full recovery after 7 weeks. Conclusion: This finding is indicative of the preservation of nerve involving malignant tumors with respect to the application of IRE pulses to ablate tumors completely. In summary, IRE may be a promising treatment tool for any tumor involving nerves.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-56e84667cd0f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Investigation of the Safety of Irreversible Electroporation in Humans", "authors": "Thomson et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2010.12.014", "pmid": "21439847", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: A single-center prospective nonrandomized cohort study was performed to investigate the safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for tumor ablation in humans. Materials and methods: Thirty-eight volunteers with advanced malignancy of the liver, kidney, or lung (69 separate tumors) unresponsive to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4516c4b07b0e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Three-Dimensional In Vitro Tumor Platform for Modeling Therapeutic Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Arena et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpj.2012.09.017", "pmid": "23199931", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is emerging as a powerful tool for tumor ablation that utilizes pulsed electric fields to destabilize the plasma membrane of cancer cells past the point of recovery. The ablated region is dictated primarily by the electric field distribution in the tissue, which forms the basis of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0160c64b3ba6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "7.0-T magnetic resonance imaging characterization of acute blood-brain-barrier disruption achieved with intracranial irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Garcia et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0050482", "pmid": "23226293", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The blood-brain-barrier (BBB) presents a significant obstacle to the delivery of systemically administered chemotherapeutics for the treatment of brain cancer. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging technology that uses pulsed electric fields for the non-thermal ablation of tumors. We hypothesized that there is a minimal electric field at which BBB disruption occurs surrounding an IRE-induced zone of ablation and that this transient response can be measured using gadolinium (Gd) uptake as a surrogate marker for BBB disruption. The study was performed in a Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) compliant facility and had Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approval. IRE ablations were performed in vivo in normal rat brain (n = 21) with 1-mm electrodes (0.45 mm diameter) separated by an edge-to-edge distance of 4 mm. We used an ECM830 pulse generator to deliver ninety 50-μs pulse treatments (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 V/cm) at 1 Hz. The effects of applied electric fields and timing of Gd administration (-5, +5, +15, and +30 min) was assessed by systematically characterizing IRE-induced regions of cell death and BBB disruption with 7.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathologic evaluations. Statistical analysis on the effect of applied electric field and Gd timing was conducted via Fit of Least Squares with α = 0.05 and linear regression analysis. The focal nature of IRE treatment was confirmed with 3D MRI reconstructions with linear correlations between volume of ablation and electric field. Our results also demonstrated that IRE is an ablation technique that kills brain tissue in a focal manner depicted by MRI (n = 16) and transiently disrupts the BBB adjacent to the ablated area in a voltage-dependent manner as seen with Evan's Blue (n = 5) and Gd administration.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cce4524ee393", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Percutaneous ultrasound-guided irreversible electroporation A goat liver study", "authors": "LIU et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Oncol Lett", "doi": "10.3892/ol.2012.781", "pmid": "24527063", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new tumor ablation technique. Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) with permanent duration (100 μsec) permanently permeabilize the cell membrane, causing the formation of innumerable permanent nanopores in the cell membrane and leading to cell death. In this study, percutaneous IRE was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-246b71835d1b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Experimental characterization and numerical modeling of tissue electrical conductivity during pulsed electric fields for irreversible electroporation treatment planning", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2012.2182994", "pmid": "22231669", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation is a new technique to kill cells in targeted tissue, such as tumors, through a nonthermal mechanism using electric pulses to irrecoverably disrupt the cell membrane. Treatment effects relate to the tissue electric field distribution, which can be predicted with numerical modeling for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a6e9b1aa70d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation on the small intestine", "authors": "Phillips et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Br J Cancer", "doi": "10.1038/bjc.2011.582", "pmid": "22223084", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) has recently been conceived as a new minimally invasive ablation method, using microsecond electric fields to produce nanoscale defects in the cell membrane bilayer and induce cell death while keeping all other molecules, including the extracellular matrix…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c3f93c42d288", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The delayed effects of irreversible electroporation ablation on nerves", "authors": "Schoellnast et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-012-2610-3", "pmid": "23011210", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the delayed effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation on nerves. Methods: The study was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. CT-guided IRE-ablation (electric field per distance, 1,500 V/cm; pulse length, 70 μs; number of pulses, 90) of 6 sciatic nerves was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8d004aebe5eb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Low voltage irreversible electroporation induced apoptosis in HeLa cells", "authors": "Xiong et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Cancer Res Ther", "doi": "10.4103/0973-1482.95179", "pmid": "22531519", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: High-voltage electric field pulses can make cell membrane electroporated irreversibly and eliminate malignant cells via necrosis. However, low-voltage is not efficient as that. Aims: This study determined the differential effects of high- and low-voltage electric field pulses on HeLa cells, when the power…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6e2c299db878", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Treatment Effect Is Susceptible to Local Environment and Tissue Properties", "authors": "Ben-David et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.13122590", "pmid": "23847254", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To study the effects of the surrounding electrical microenvironment and local tissue parameters on the electrical parameters and outcome of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation in porcine muscle, kidney, and liver tissue. Materials and methods: Animal Care and Use Committee approval was obtained, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-201ca51d0e68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Ablation Is All the Damage Nonthermal", "authors": "Faroja et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.12120609", "pmid": "23169795", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To determine whether high-dose irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation induces thermal effects in normal liver tissue. Materials and methods: Animal care and use committee approval was obtained prior to the experiments. IRE ablation (n = 78) was performed by a single four-person team in vivo in 22 porcine…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7a8f89989cf9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation Fundamentals, Applications, and Challenges", "authors": "Golberg et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2013.2238672", "pmid": "23314769", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Tissue ablation is an essential procedure for the treatment of many diseases. In the last decade, a nonthermal tissue ablation using intensive pulsed electric fields, called nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE), has rapidly emerged. The exact mechanisms responsible for cell death by NTIRE, however, are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0a9fabd3b101", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Changes of apoptosis in tumor tissues with time after irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Kim et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.039", "pmid": "23688425", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation is a novel method of ablating living tissues through its non-thermal effects, unlike radiofrequency ablation which has a severe problem of heat sink. It is due to high-energy direct current which leads to permanent disruption of lipid bilayer integrity in terms of exchanges between intra-…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-44fdade4b8ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reversible and irreversible electroporation of cell suspensions flowing through a localized DC electric field", "authors": "Korohoda", "year": 2013, "journal": "Cell Mol Biol Lett", "doi": "10.2478/s11658-012-0042-3", "pmid": "23271434", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Experiments on reversible and irreversible cell electroporation were carried out with an experimental setup based on a standard apparatus for horizontal electrophoresis, a syringe pump with regulated cell suspension flow velocity and a dcEF power supply. Cells in suspension flowing through an orifice in a barrier…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4a196ff93647", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Histological and Finite Element Analysis of Cell Death due to Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Long", "year": 2013, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrtexpress.2013.600253", "pmid": "24000980", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been shown to be an effective method of killing cells locally. In contrast to radiofrequency ablation, the mechanism by which cells are thought to die via IRE is the creation of pores in cell membranes, without substantial increase in tissue temperature. To determine the degree…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1915fc95b176", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The role of pH fronts in tissue electroporation based treatments", "authors": "Maglietti et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0080167", "pmid": "24278257", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Treatments based on electroporation (EP) induce the formation of pores in cell membranes due to the application of pulsed electric fields. We present experimental evidence of the existence of pH fronts emerging from both electrodes during treatments based on tissue EP, for conditions found in many studies, and that these fronts are immediate and substantial. pH fronts are indirectly measured through the evanescence time (ET), defined as the time required for the tissue buffer to neutralize them. The ET was measured through a pH indicator imaged at a series of time intervals using a four-cluster hard fuzzy-c-means algorithm to segment pixels corresponding to the pH indicator at every frame. The ET was calculated as the time during which the number of pixels was 10% of those in the initial frame. While in EP-based treatments such as reversible (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) the ET is very short (though enough to cause minor injuries) due to electric pulse characteristics and biological buffers present in the tissue, in gene electrotransfer (GET), ET is much longer, enough to denaturate plasmids and produce cell damage. When any of the electric pulse parameters is doubled or tripled the ET grows and, remarkably, when any of the pulse parameters in GET is halved, the ET drops significantly. Reducing pH fronts has relevant implications for GET treatment efficiency, due to a substantial reduction of plasmid damage and cell loss.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-db4e5585898a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Improved local and systemic anti-tumor efficacy for irreversible electroporation in immunocompetent versus immunodeficient mice", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0064559", "pmid": "23717630", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal focal ablation technique that uses a series of brief but intense electric pulses delivered into a targeted region of tissue, killing the cells by irrecoverably disrupting cellular membrane integrity. This study investigates if there is an improved local anti-tumor response in immunocompetent (IC) BALB/c versus immunodeficient (ID) nude mice, including the potential for a systemic protective effect against rechallenge. Subcutaneous murine renal carcinoma tumors were treated with an IRE pulsing protocol that used 60% of the predicted voltage required to invoke complete regressions in the ID mice. Tumors were followed for 34 days following treatment for 11 treated mice from each strain, and 7 controls from each strain. Mouse survival based on tumor burden and the progression-free disease period was substantially longer in the treated IC mice relative to the treated ID mice and sham controls for both strains. Treated IC mice were rechallenged with the same cell line 18 days after treatment, where growth of the second tumors was shown to be significantly reduced or prevented entirely. There was robust CD3+ cell infiltration in some treated BALB/C mice, with immunocytes focused at the transition between viable and dead tumor. There was no difference in the low immunocyte presence for untreated tumors, nude mice, and matrigel-only injections in both strains. These findings suggest IRE therapy may have greater therapeutic efficacy in immunocompetent patients than what has been suggested by immunodeficient models, and that IRE may invoke a systemic response beyond the targeted ablation region.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-be9980e88c76", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of the pig kidney with involvement of the renal pelvis: technical aspects, clinical outcome, and three-dimensional CT rendering for assessment of the treatment zone", "authors": "Sommer et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2013.08.014", "pmid": "24267525", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To analyze irreversible electroporation (IRE) of the pig kidney with involvement of the renal pelvis. Materials and methods: IRE of renal tissue including the pelvis was performed in 10 kidneys in five pigs. Three study groups were defined: group I (two applicators with parallel configuration; n = 11), group…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-993f4a3fe398", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation and apoptosis in human liver cancer cells induced by nanosecond electric pulses", "authors": "Xiao et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Bioelectromagnetics", "doi": "10.1002/bem.21796", "pmid": "23740887", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The goal of this study was to assess the effect of nanosecond electric pulses on HepG2 human liver cancer cells. Electric pulses with a high strength of 10 kV/cm, duration of 500 ns and frequency of 1 Hz were applied to the cells. After delivery of electric pulses, apoptosis, intracellular calcium ion concentrations…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b83d2e7f7db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Folate Conjugated Cellulose Nanocrystals Potentiate Irreversible Electroporation-induced Cytotoxicity for the Selective Treatment of Cancer Cells", "authors": "Colacino et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrt.2012.500428", "pmid": "24750004", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cellulose nanocrystals are rod-shaped, crystalline nanoparticles that have shown prom-ise in a number of industrial applications for their unique chemical and physical properties. However, investigations of their abilities in the biomedical field are limited. The goal of this study is to show the potential use of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-18071c28efff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation the evolution of a laboratory technique to be used in interventional", "authors": "Deipolyi et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Diagn Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.5152/dir.2013.13304", "pmid": "24412820", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation involves applying electric field pulses to cells, leading to the alteration or destruction of cell membranes. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) creates permanent defects in cell membranes and induces cell death. By directly targeting IRE to tumors, percutaneous nonthermal ablation is possible. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b3434ca4ed0b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Decreasing the thresholds for electroporation by sensitizing cells with local cationic anesthetics and substances that decrease the surface negative electric charge", "authors": "Grys", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cell Mol Biol Lett", "doi": "10.2478/s11658-013-0114-z", "pmid": "24415057", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "The recently described method of cell electroporation by flow of cell suspension through localized direct current electric fields (dcEFs) was applied to identify non-toxic substances that could sensitize cells to external electric fields. We found that local cationic anesthetics such as procaine, lidocaine and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-45d8475383af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation (NanoKnife) in cancer treatment", "authors": "Jourabchi et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Gastrointestinal Intervention", "doi": "10.1016/j.gii.2014.02.002", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising new minimally invasive modality for the ablation of solid tumors. Unlike the current leading thermal ablation modalities, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation, IRE uses nonthermal electric energy to irreversibly destabilize cell membranes, resulting…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-15556a5c42b4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Three-dimensional analysis of irreversible electroporation Estimation of thermal and non-thermal damage", "authors": "Kurata et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.12.065", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel method to ablate abnormal cells by applying a high voltage between the electrodes punctured in abnormal tissues. The cell membrane exposed to the potential difference above a certain threshold is permanently disrupted, which consequently induces cell necrosis. One of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3c03421dcdf8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Parametric study of irreversible electroporation with different needle electrodes: electrical and thermal analysis", "authors": "Nickfarjam et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.3109/02656736.2014.937775", "pmid": "25144823", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new tumour ablation method used in cancer treatment procedures. In a successful IRE treatment it is crucial to impose minimum thermal damage to the tumour and its surrounding healthy tissue, while subjecting the entire tumour to a strong electric field. Method: Here we…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-26a23c02ecde", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Anaesthetic management during open and percutaneous irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Nielsen et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Br J Anaesth", "doi": "10.1093/bja/aeu256", "pmid": "25173767", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel tumour ablation technique involving repetitive application of electrical energy around a tumour. The use of pulsed electrical gradients carries a risk of cardiac arrhythmias, severe muscle contractions, and seizures. We aimed to identify IRE-related risks and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-78edea0d0519", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Effect of Small Intestine Heterogeneity on Irreversible Electroporation Treatment Planning", "authors": "Phillips", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.4027815", "pmid": "24907451", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is an ablation modality that utilizes microsecond electric fields to produce nanoscale defects in the cell membrane. This results in selective cell death while preserving all other molecules, including the extracellular matrix. Here, finite element analysis and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1ab53404ef83", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In-vitro bipolar nano- and microsecond electro-pulse bursts for irreversible electroporation therapies", "authors": "Sano et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2014.07.010", "pmid": "25131187", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Under the influence of external electric fields, cells experience a rapid potential buildup across the cell membrane. Above a critical threshold of electric field strength, permanent cell damage can occur, resulting in cell death. Typical investigations of electroporation effects focus on two distinct regimes. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2c0e8d8f2eb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The State of Irreversible Electroporation in Interventional Oncology", "authors": "Silk et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Semin Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1055/s-0034-1373785", "pmid": "25053862", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "A new ablation modality, irreversible electroporation (IRE), has been of increasing interest in interventional radiology. Its nonthermal mechanism of action of killing tumor cells allows physicians the ability to ablate tumors in areas previously contraindicated for thermal ablation. This article reviews the current…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6efc2252ad1f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Thermal ablation in renal cell carcinoma management: a comprehensive review", "authors": "Wagstaff et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Curr Opin Urol", "doi": "10.1097/MOU.0000000000000084", "pmid": "25051022", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose of review: This article provides an overview of recent developments in the field of thermal ablation for renal cell carcinoma and focuses on current standard techniques, new technologies, imaging for ablation guidance and evaluation, and future perspectives. Recent findings: Emerging long-term data on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dcfad38c87f1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Feasibility of a Smart Surgical Probe for Verification of IRE Treatments Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy", "authors": "Bonakdar et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2015.2441636", "pmid": "26057529", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Significance: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is gaining popularity as a focal ablation modality for the treatment of unresectable tumors. One clinical limitation of IRE is the absence of methods for real-time treatment evaluation, namely actively monitoring the dimensions of the induced lesion. This information is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b08def3a581f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tissue heterogeneity in structure and conductivity contribute to cell survival during irreversible electroporation ablation by \"electric field sinks\"", "authors": "Golberg et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep08485", "pmid": "25684630", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging, minimally invasive technique for solid tumors ablation, under clinical investigation for cancer therapy. IRE affects only the cell membrane, killing cells while preserving the extracellular matrix structure. Current reports indicate tumors recurrence rate after IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f1568bb533bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Potential therapeutic benefits stemming from the thermal nature of irreversible electroporation of solid cancers", "authors": "Heger et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int", "doi": "10.1016/S1499-3872(15)60370-8", "pmid": "26063038", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a CE- and FDAapproved treatment modality for pancreatic and liver tumors that is based on the site-confined destruction of tumor tissue by multiple short, high-intensity electrical pulses.[1] Currently there is a heated debate about whether the therapy is thermal or non-thermal. The 'non-thermal proponents' advocate that thermal evolution does occur to a limited extent but plays no important role[1] or is absent altogether, as advertised by some distributors of IRE instruments (Fig. 1). The 'thermal proponents' claim that the therapeutic effect of IRE stems in part from the consequences of heating.[2, 3] In our opinion, IRE has an important thermal component[3, 4] that contributes to treatment outcome. In addition to direct tumor destruction by heat, we believe that Joule heating during IRE is indirectly beneficial to treatment outcome due to the anti-tumor immune response induced by heating, as is elaborated in this letter.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-ee73d509485f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Review of Basic to Clinical Studies of Irreversible Electroporation Therapy", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2014.2367543", "pmid": "25389236", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "The use of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for cancer treatment has increased sharply over the past decade. As a nonthermal therapy, IRE offers several potential benefits over other focal therapies, which include 1) short treatment delivery time, 2) reduced collateral thermal injury, and 3) the ability to treat…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bf093eabd621", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Narayanan", "year": 2015, "journal": "Semin Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1055/s-0035-1564706", "pmid": "26622097", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a predominantly nonthermal ablative technology that uses high-voltage, low-energy DC current pulses to induce cell death. Thermal ablative technologies such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and cryoablation have several applications in oncology but have limitations…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8df4779456cf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Current density imaging sequence for monitoring current distribution during delivery of electric pulses in irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Serša", "year": 2015, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/1475-925x-14-s3-s6", "pmid": "26356233", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation is gaining its importance in everyday clinical practice of cancer treatment. For its success it is extremely important that coverage of the target tissue, i.e. treated tumor, with electric field is within the specified range. Therefore, an efficient tool for the electric field monitoring in the tumor during delivery of electroporation pulses is needed. The electric field can be reconstructed by the magnetic resonance electric impedance tomography method from current density distribution data. In this study, the use of current density imaging with MRI for monitoring current density distribution during delivery of irreversible electroporation pulses was demonstrated. Methods: Using a modified single-shot RARE sequence, where four 3000 V and 100 μs long pulses were included at the start, current distribution between a pair of electrodes inserted in a liver tissue sample was imaged. Two repetitions of the sequence with phases of refocusing radiofrequency pulses 90° apart were needed to acquire one current density image. For each sample in total 45 current density images were acquired to follow a standard protocol for irreversible electroporation where 90 electric pulses are delivered at 1 Hz. Results: Acquired current density images showed that the current density in the middle of the sample increased from first to last electric pulses by 60%, i.e. from 8 kA/m2 to 13 kA/m2 and that direction of the current path did not change with repeated electric pulses significantly. Conclusions: The presented single-shot RARE-based current density imaging sequence was used successfully to image current distribution during delivery of short high-voltage electric pulses. The method has a potential to enable monitoring of tumor coverage by electric field during irreversible electroporation tissue ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7220e785e064", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Treatment of Small Renal Tumors with Irreversible Electroporation: A Single-Center Experience", "authors": "Trimmer et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.06.028", "pmid": "26250855", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate whether irreversible electroporation (IRE) can be used as an ablation technique for small renal tumors (T1a cancers or small benign tumors) and to describe features after ablation on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, 20…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-084fd6c23fe5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation for the ablation of renal masses: a prospective, human, in-vivo study protocol", "authors": "Wagstaff et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s12885-015-1189-x", "pmid": "25886058", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation is a novel treatment technique utilizing electric pulses, traveling between two or more electrodes, to ablate targeted tissue. The first in human studies have proven the safety of IRE for the ablation of renal masses. However the efficacy of IRE through histopathological examination of an ablated renal tumour has not yet been studied. Before progressing to a long-term IRE follow-up study it is vital to have pathological confirmation of the efficacy of the technique. Furthermore, follow-up after IRE ablation requires a validated imaging modality. The primary objectives of this study are the safety and the efficacy of IRE ablation of renal masses. The secondary objectives are the efficacy of MRI and CEUS in the imaging of ablation result. Methods/design: 10 patients, age ≥ 18 years, presenting with a solid enhancing mass, who are candidates for radical nephrectomy will undergo IRE ablation 4 weeks prior to radical nephrectomy. MRI and CEUS imaging will be performed at baseline, one week and four weeks post IRE. After radical nephrectomy, pathological examination will be performed to evaluate IRE ablation success. Discussion: The only way to truly assess short-term (4 weeks) ablation success is by histopathology of a resection specimen. In our opinion this trial will provide essential knowledge on the safety and efficacy of IRE of renal masses, guiding future research of this promising ablative technique. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov registration number NCT02298608 . Dutch Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects registration number NL44785.018.13.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "filled", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-98cf5ae856b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroporation of Brain Endothelial Cells on Chip toward Permeabilizing the Blood-Brain Barrier", "authors": "Bonakdar et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.3517", "pmid": "26789772", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The blood-brain barrier, mainly composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells, poses an obstacle to drug delivery to the brain. Controlled permeabilization of the constituent brain endothelial cells can result in overcoming this barrier and increasing transcellular transport across it. Electroporation is a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c536576d5afc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation as an Effective Technique for Ablating Human Metastatic Osteosarcoma", "authors": "Harris et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Pediatr Hematol Oncol", "doi": "10.1097/MPH.0000000000000516", "pmid": "26950088", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) induces apoptosis in tumor cells with electric energy, allowing treatment of unresectable tumors. One potential application is metastatic osteosarcoma (OS) in the pediatric population. A 12-year-old underwent thoracotomy with resection of metastatic OS. IRE was applied to 1 resected…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5a87b52694d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Modeling of Transmembrane Potential in Realistic Multicellular Structures before Electroporation", "authors": "Murovec et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpj.2016.10.005", "pmid": "27851950", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Many approaches for studying the transmembrane potential (TMP) induced during the treatment of biological cells with pulsed electric fields have been reported. From the simple analytical models to more complex numerical models requiring significant computational resources, a gamut of methods have been used to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d4d58d42676c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Interventional Oncology Where We Stand and Where We Go", "authors": "Savic et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Rofo", "doi": "10.1055/s-0042-104203", "pmid": "27074423", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is the latest in the series of image-guided locoregional tumor ablation therapies. IRE is performed in a nearly non-thermal fashion that circumvents the \"heat sink effect\" and allows for IRE application in proximity to critical structures such as bile ducts or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e975ef1e2835", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation state of the art", "authors": "Wagstaff et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Onco Targets Ther", "doi": "10.2147/OTT.S88086", "pmid": "27217767", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The field of focal ablative therapy for the treatment of cancer is characterized by abundance of thermal ablative techniques that provide a minimally invasive treatment option in selected tumors. However, the unselective destruction inflicted by thermal ablation modalities can result in damage to vital structures in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-95375ecc321d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optimizing Irreversible Electroporation Ablation with a Bipolar Electrode", "authors": "Wandel et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2016.06.001", "pmid": "27475242", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To optimize single-insertion bipolar irreversible electroporation (IRE) by characterizing effects of electric parameters and controlling tissue electric properties in a porcine model. Materials and methods: Single-insertion electrode bipolar IRE was performed in 28 in vivo pig livers (78 ablations). First…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a342fda870a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Thermal Energy during Irreversible Electroporation and the Influence of Different Ablation Parameters", "authors": "van den Bos et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.10.020", "pmid": "26703782", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) uses high-voltage electric fields to achieve cell death. Although the mechanism of IRE is mainly designated as nonthermal, development of secondary Joule heating is inevitable. The study purpose was to gain understanding of temperature development and distribution during…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-287d080b0fd0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Preclinical Studies on Nanosecond Pulses", "authors": "Beebe", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_47", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond pulses have been used for over a decade to treat tumors in preclinical studies in mice and rats. The technology based on pulsed power refocuses cancer treatment from chemistry and drugs to physics and high-intensity, nonthermal electric fields (EFs) to tumors by administering pulses with durations in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8d00844b1c4e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Regulated and Apoptotic Cell Death After Nanosecond Electroporation", "authors": "Beebe", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_146", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "This chapter will focus on how nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) induce apoptosis and regulated cell death (RCD) in cells in vitro. When studies analyzing nsPEF-induced cell death (CD) began, apoptosis was the only RCD mechanism known and was contrasted with primary “necrosis” or accidental cell death (ACD)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-01dc193dc80c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Preclinical Studies on Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Bhonsle et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_46", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) employs a series of brief electric pulses to destabilize cell membranes by altering the transmembrane voltage to create nanoscale defects that induce cell death. Its nonthermal mechanism makes it an ideal treatment modality for treatment of tumors near critical structures and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b0e445025a67", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of small renal masses suboptimal oncologic efficacy in an early series", "authors": "Canvasser et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "World J Urol", "doi": "10.1007/s00345-017-2025-5", "pmid": "28255621", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To report on the first short-term oncologic outcomes of percutaneous irreversible electroporation for small renal masses. Methods: Patients with cT1a renal masses treated with irreversible electroporation from April 2013 through December 2016 were reviewed. Small, low complexity tumors were generally selected…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-359098ec94d1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in the eradication of rabbit VX2 cervical tumors", "authors": "Chai et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Biomed Microdevices", "doi": "10.1007/s10544-017-0231-y", "pmid": "28993931", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on the eradication of rabbit VX2 cervical tumors. A VX2 cervical cancer model was first made in 20 New Zealand rabbits. IRE ablation was performed for the cervical cancers of 15 rabbits when the diameter of the tumor was about…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-59bf918d8c98", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combining Electrolysis and Electroporation for Tissue Ablation", "authors": "Ho", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_63", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electrolysis and electroporation technologies have been utilized to provide several valuable nonthermal tissue ablation modalities. The synergistic combination of electroporation and electrolysis (SEE) has produced a new method of tissue ablation that has distinct advantages over electrolysis or electroporation alone…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-da925953c20c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Predicting irreversible electroporation-induced tissue damage by means of magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography", "authors": "Kranjc", "year": 2017, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-10846-5", "pmid": "28871138", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is gaining importance in routine clinical practice for nonthermal ablation of solid tumors. For its success, it is extremely important that the coverage and exposure time of the treated tumor to the electric field is within the specified range. Measurement of electric field distribution during the electroporation treatment can be achieved using magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT). Here, we show improved MREIT-enabled electroporation monitoring of IRE-treated tumors by predicting IRE-ablated tumor areas during IRE of mouse tumors in vivo. The in situ prediction is enabled by coupling MREIT with a corresponding Peleg-Fermi mathematical model to obtain more informative monitoring of IRE tissue ablation by providing cell death probability in the IRE-treated tumors. This technique can potentially be used in electroporation-based clinical applications, such as IRE tissue ablation and electrochemotherapy, to improve and assure the desired treatment outcome.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3bb9652a3074", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Anistropically varying conductivity in irreversible electroporation simulations", "authors": "Labarbera et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Theor Biol Med Model", "doi": "10.1186/s12976-017-0065-6", "pmid": "29089031", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: One recent area of cancer research is irreversible electroporation (IRE). Irreversible electroporation is a minimally invasive procedure where needle electrodes are inserted into the body to ablate tumor cells with electricity. The aim of this paper is to propose a mathematical model that incorporates a tissue's conductivity increasing more in the direction of the electrical field as this has been shown to occur in experiments. Method: It was necessary to mathematically derive a valid form of the conductivity tensor such that it is dependent on the electrical field direction and can be easily implemented into numerical software. The derivation of a conductivity tensor that can take arbitrary functions for the conductivity in the directions tangent and normal to the electrical field is the main contribution of this paper. Numerical simulations were performed for isotropic-varying and anisotropic-varying conductivities to evaluate the importance of including the electrical field's direction in the formulation for conductivity. Results: By starting from previously published experimental results, this paper derived a general formulation for an anistropic-varying tensor for implementation into irreversible electroporation modeling software. The anistropic-varying tensor formulation allows the conductivity to take into consideration both electrical field direction and magnitude, as opposed to previous published works that only took into account electrical field magnitude. The anisotropic formulation predicts roughly a five percent decrease in ablation size for the monopolar simulation and approximately a ten percent decrease in ablation size for the bipolar simulations. This is a positive result as previously reported results found the isotropic formulation to overpredict ablation size for both monopolar and bipolar simulations. Furthermore, it was also reported that the isotropic formulation overpredicts the ablation size more for the bipolar case than the monopolar case. Thus, our results are following the experimental trend by having a larger percentage change in volume for the bipolar case than the monopolar case. Conclusions: The predicted volume of ablated cells decreased, and could be a possible explanation for the slight over-prediction seen by isotropic-varying formulations.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-640b0014ca20", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Techniques in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Liver and Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Martin", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_111", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Initially diagnosed stage 3 (locally advanced) pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPC) remains an aggressive tumor with an overall poor prognosis (current median survival chemotherapy and radiation therapy of 9–12 months). Improvement in survival can be achieved in the small percentage that can undergo an R0 resection or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-75474189d3b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cryosurgery and Irreversible Electroporation The State of the Art, Advantages, and Limitations", "authors": "Mucciardi et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_110", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) and cryoablation (Cryo) are, among the many others in use, respectively, the youngest and the oldest tissue ablation modalities. No other treatment has spread in the world as quickly as IRE since it was developed from concept to clinical reality by Rubinsky, Mikus, and Onik. Cryo has…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9df88f36cf68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tissue Ablation Using Nanosecond Electric Pulses", "authors": "Nuccitelli", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_93", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Nanosecond electric pulses were first applied to mice for tumor ablation in 2002. Since that time this technology has been used in dozens of laboratories in the USA, Europe, and Asia (Batista et al. 2016). Rather than ablating by applying heat or introducing a poison to physically damage the tumor, these nanosecond…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-89b6793b0352", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Calcein Release from Cells In Vitro via Reversible and Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Rajeckaitė et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-017-0005-8", "pmid": "29143077", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to investigate the dependence of calcein extraction and cell viability on the parameters of pulsed electric field (PEF). Two different approaches concerning PEF parameters were investigated: (1) extraction efficiency and cell viability dependence on pulse number, exploiting 1200 V/cm 100 µs…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a659046b7e30", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tissue Ablation by Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Rolong et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_166", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "The phenomenon of electroporation can be traced back to the eighteenth century when red spots on skin (Lichtenberg figures) were observed in the areas where electric fields were applied. Once the cause of this occurrence was understood and controlled, induction of electric fields was achieved; the use of pulsed electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-160e968be341", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Normal Porcine Ureter Retains Lumen Wall Integrity but Not Patency Following Catheter-Directed Irreversible Electroporation: Imaging and Histologic Assessment over 28 Days", "authors": "Srimathveeravalli et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2017.02.032", "pmid": "28366657", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the effect of catheter-directed irreversible electroporation (IRE) on the integrity, patency, and function of the normal porcine ureter. Materials and methods: A catheter-mounted electrode was used to perform fluoroscopy-guided IRE in 8 healthy pigs. Two unilateral ablations (90 pulses at 2,000 V…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2188877745de", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Safety of Clinical Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Thomson et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_112", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) for focal tumor control has developed since early human studies in 2009 to a point where it is now a useful part of the tumor eradication algorithm. While animal studies provided some basis for confidence that delivery of high voltage pulses via needle electrodes would be well…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b8e85809c36", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "New and Established Technology in Focal Ablation of the Prostate A Systematic Review", "authors": "Valerio et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Eur Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.eururo.2016.08.044", "pmid": "27595377", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Context: Focal therapy of prostate cancer has been proposed as an alternative to whole-gland treatments. Objective: To summarize the evidence regarding sources of energy employed in focal therapy. Evidence acquisition: Embase and Medline (PubMed) were searched from 1996 to October 31, 2015 following the Preferred…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-95389c4c7697", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation and thermal ablation of tumors in the liver, lung, kidney and bone: What are the differences?", "authors": "Vroomen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Diagn Interv Imaging", "doi": "10.1016/j.diii.2017.07.007", "pmid": "28869200", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Focal treatment with radiofrequency, microwave and cryoablation has been increasingly used for the treatment of tumors in patients who cannot undergo surgical resection and in select patients with early stage or oligometastatic disease. Each of these ablation modalities has a unique working principle and biophysics…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-89ce851275b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Analysis and Optimization of Determining Factors in Irreversible Electroporation for Large Ablation Zones Without Thermal Damage", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering", "doi": "10.1115/IMECE2017-70810", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to analyze five factors that are responsible for the ablation volume and maximum temperature during the procedure of irreversible electroporation (IRE). The five factors used in this study were the pulse strength (U), the electrode diameter (B), the distance between the electrode and the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-360807362e39", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation area enhanced by synergistic high- and low-voltage pulses", "authors": "Yao", "year": 2017, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0173181", "pmid": "28253331", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) produced by a pulsed electric field can ablate tissue. In this study, we achieved an enhancement in ablation area by using a combination of short high-voltage pulses (HVPs) to create a large electroporated area and long low-voltage pulses (LVPs) to ablate the electroporated area. The experiments were conducted in potato tuber slices. Slices were ablated with an array of four pairs of parallel steel electrodes using one of the following four electric pulse protocols: HVP, LVP, synergistic HVP+LVP (SHLVP) or LVP+HVP. Our results showed that the SHLVPs more effectively necrotized tissue than either the HVPs or LVPs, even when the SHLVP dose was the same as or lower than the HVP or LVP doses. The HVP and LVP order mattered and only HVPs+LVPs (SHLVPs) treatments increased the size of the ablation zone because the HVPs created a large electroporated area that was more susceptible to the subsequent LVPs. Real-time temperature change monitoring confirmed that the tissue was non-thermally ablated by the electric pulses. Theoretical calculations of the synergistic effects of the SHLVPs on tissue ablation were performed. Our proposed SHLVP protocol provides options for tissue ablation and may be applied to optimize the current clinical IRE protocols.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8aa00807a5b9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Synergistic combinations of short high-voltage pulses and long low-voltage pulses enhance irreversible electroporation efficacy", "authors": "Yao", "year": 2017, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-15494-3", "pmid": "29123231", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) uses ~100 μs pulsed electric fields to disrupt cell membranes for solid tumor ablation. Although IRE has achieved exciting preliminary clinical results, implementing IRE could be challenging because of volumetric limitations at the ablation region. Combining short high-voltage (SHV: 1600V, 2 μs, 1 Hz, 20 pulses) pulses with long low-voltage (LLV: 240-480 V, 100 μs, 1 Hz, 60-80 pulses) pulses induces a synergistic effect that enhances IRE efficacy. Here, cell cytotoxicity and tissue ablation were investigated. The results show that combining SHV pulses with LLV pulses induced SKOV3 cell death more effectively, and compared to either SHV pulses or LLV pulses applied alone, the combination significantly enhanced the ablation region. Particularly, prolonging the lag time (100 s) between SHV and LLV pulses further reduced cell viability and enhanced the ablation area. However, the sequence of SHV and LLV pulses was important, and the LLV + SHV combination was not as effective as the SHV + LLV combination. We offer a hypothesis to explain the synergistic effect behind enhanced cell cytotoxicity and enlarged ablation area. This work shows that combining SHV pulses with LLV pulses could be used as a focal therapy and merits investigation in larger pre-clinical models and microscopic mechanisms.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fb1169b43f6d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation for Ablation of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Experience From a Chinese Institution", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Pancreas", "doi": "10.1097/MPA.0000000000000703", "pmid": "28085755", "studyType": null, "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Zhang, Yishi MD; Shi, Juanjuan MD; Zeng, Jianying MS; Alnagger, Mohammed MD; Zhou, Liang MD; Fang, Gang MD; Long, Xin'an MD; Pan, Zhongbao MD; Li, Yanhong BN; Chen, Jibing PhD; Xu, Kecheng MD; Qian, Wei MD; Niu, Lizhi MD Author Information", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Dergi sayfaları; ilk sayfada ilgisiz başka bir mektup var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-e5c1db797975", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation for Intracranial Meningioma: A Feasibility Study in a Spontaneous Canine Tumor Model", "authors": "Latouche et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818785285", "pmid": "30071778", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation is a nonthermal method of tissue ablation that uses bursts of 0.5- to 2.0-microsecond bipolar electric pulses to permeabilize cell membranes and induce cell death. High-frequency irreversible electroporation has potential advantages for use in neurosurgery, including the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-98b171cda3bf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Clinical Practice", "authors": "Meijerink et al", "year": 2018, "journal": null, "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-55113-5", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Martijn R. Meijerink Hester J. Scheffer Govindarajan Narayanan Editors 123 Irreversible Electroporation in Clinical Practice Martijn R. Meijerink • Hester J. Scheffer Govindarajan Narayanan Editors Irreversible Electroporation in Clinical Practice", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kitap Bölümü", "sourceNote": "Kitap, editörler", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kitap Bölümü", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-7926879e3cf5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Scaling Relationship of In Vivo Muscle Contraction Strength of Rabbits Exposed to High-Frequency Nanosecond Pulse Bursts", "authors": "Mi et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818788078", "pmid": "30012058", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "We studied the influence of various parameters of high-frequency nanosecond pulse bursts on the strength of rabbit muscle contractions. Ten unipolar high-frequency pulse bursts with various field intensities E (1 kV/cm, 4 kV/cm, and 8 kV/cm), intraburst frequencies f (10 kHz, 100 kHz, and 1 MHz), and intraburst pulse…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ef926268ef34", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of internal electrode cooling on irreversible electroporation using a perfused organ model", "authors": "O’Brien et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2018.1473893", "pmid": "29806513", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study evaluates the effects of active electrode cooling, via internal fluid circulation, on the irreversible electroporation (IRE) lesion, deployed electric current and temperature changes using a perfused porcine liver model. Materials and methods: A bipolar electrode delivered IRE electric pulses with or without activation of internal cooling to nine porcine mechanically perfused livers. Pulse schemes included a constant voltage, and a preconditioned delivery combined with an arc-mitigation algorithm. After treatment, organs were dissected, and treatment zones were stained using triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to demonstrate viability. Results: Thirty-nine treatments were performed with an internally cooled applicator and 21 with a non-cooled applicator. For the constant voltage scenario, the average final electrical current measured was 26.37 and 29.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 33.01 and 42.43 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.88-by-2.08 cm and 3.86-by-2.12 cm for the cooled and uncooled electrode respectively ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). Similarly, the preconditioned/arc-mitigation scenario yielded an average final electrical current measurement of a 41.07 and 47.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 34.93 and 44.90 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.67-by-2.27 cm and 3.58-by-2.09 cm for the cooled and uncooled applicators ([Formula: see text]). Conclusions: The internally-cooled bipolar applicator offers advantages that could improve clinical outcomes. Thermally mitigating internal perfusion technology reduced tissue temperatures and electric current while maintaining similar lesion sizes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-89794e8bc542", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Reduction of Muscle Contractions during Irreversible Electroporation Therapy Using High-Frequency Bursts of Alternating Polarity Pulses: A Laboratory Investigation in an Ex Vivo Swine Model", "authors": "Sano et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2017.12.019", "pmid": "29628296", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To compare the intensity of muscle contractions in irreversible electroporation (IRE) treatments when traditional IRE and high-frequency IRE (H-FIRE) waveforms are used in combination with a single applicator and distal grounding pad (A+GP) configuration. Materials and methods: An ex vivo in situ porcine…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-07b6331df019", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor efficacy of liposome-encapsulated NVP-BEZ 235 in combination with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Tian et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Drug Deliv", "doi": "10.1080/10717544.2018.1444683", "pmid": "29482386", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging minimally invasive tumor ablation technique that delivers short pulses of strong electric fields and kills cancer cells by disrupting their cell membranes with the electric pulses. However, clinical studies report that more than 10% of local tumor recurrences occur at the original ablated site. NVP BEZ-235 (BEZ) is a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor that has substantial anticancer effects. However, the clinical trials of BEZ was not satisfactory because of its low bioavailability and high toxicity, which stemmed from the use of oral administration of high doses over a long period of time. In this research, we prepared a liposomal formulation of BEZ (L-BEZ) for intratumoral injection and studied its antitumor efficacy alone and in combination with IRE. We hypothesized that IRE could release BEZ from the liposomes and that the combination could decrease tumor viability. Our results show that IRE released BEZ from its liposomal encapsulation. The combination of L-BEZ and IRE killed more Hep3B tumor cells in vitro than did L-BEZ or IRE alone and also inhibited cancer cell proliferation in nude mice bearing Hep3B xenografts. Combination of chemotherapeutic agent loaded nanoparticles could enhance the antitumor efficacy of IRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6c47421031b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Development of a statistical model for cervical cancer cell death with irreversible electroporation in vitro", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0195561", "pmid": "29694357", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a statistical model for cell death by irreversible electroporation (IRE) and to show that the statistic model is more accurate than the electric field threshold model in the literature using cervical cancer cells in vitro. Methods: HeLa cell line was cultured and treated with different IRE protocols in order to obtain data for modeling the statistical relationship between the cell death and pulse-setting parameters. In total, 340 in vitro experiments were performed with a commercial IRE pulse system, including a pulse generator and an electric cuvette. Trypan blue staining technique was used to evaluate cell death after 4 hours of incubation following IRE treatment. Peleg-Fermi model was used in the study to build the statistical relationship using the cell viability data obtained from the in vitro experiments. A finite element model of IRE for the electric field distribution was also built. Comparison of ablation zones between the statistical model and electric threshold model (drawn from the finite element model) was used to show the accuracy of the proposed statistical model in the description of the ablation zone and its applicability in different pulse-setting parameters. Results: The statistical models describing the relationships between HeLa cell death and pulse length and the number of pulses, respectively, were built. The values of the curve fitting parameters were obtained using the Peleg-Fermi model for the treatment of cervical cancer with IRE. The difference in the ablation zone between the statistical model and the electric threshold model was also illustrated to show the accuracy of the proposed statistical model in the representation of ablation zone in IRE. Conclusions: This study concluded that: (1) the proposed statistical model accurately described the ablation zone of IRE with cervical cancer cells, and was more accurate compared with the electric field model; (2) the proposed statistical model was able to estimate the value of electric field threshold for the computer simulation of IRE in the treatment of cervical cancer; and (3) the proposed statistical model was able to express the change in ablation zone with the change in pulse-setting parameters.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5641078ac528", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Characterization of Conductivity Changes During High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment Planning", "authors": "Zhao et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2017.2778101", "pmid": "29989932", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: For irreversible-electroporation (IRE)-based therapies, the underlying electric field distribution in the target tissue is influenced by the electroporation-induced conductivity changes and is important for predicting the treatment zone. Objective: In this study, we characterized the liver tissue…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7d6ef39186ab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Chemical Enhancement of Irreversible Electroporation A Review and Future Suggestions", "authors": "Chen", "year": 2019, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033819874128", "pmid": "31500518", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation has raised great interest in the past decade as a means of destroying cancers in a way that does not involve heat. Irreversible electroporation is a novel ablation technology that uses short high-voltage electrical pulses to enhance the permeability of tumor cell membranes and generate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-074531caa956", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Numerical workflow of irreversible electroporation for deep-seated tumor", "authors": "Gallinato et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/1361-6560/ab00c4", "pmid": "30669121", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The paper provides a numerical workflow, based on the 'real-life' clinical workflow of irreversible electroporation (IRE) performed for the treatment of deep-seated liver tumors. Thanks to a combination of numerical modeling, image registration algorithm and clinical data, our numerical workflow enables to provide the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c5a147ef1283", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Arterio-Enteric Fistula after Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Lundy et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "The American Surgeon™", "doi": "10.1177/000313481908500128", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "A 69-year-old female with a complex past medical history notable for hypertension, vascular disease with history of bilateral aortoiliac bypass and renal endarterectomy, 49-year smoking history with COPD, and gallstone pancreatitis initially presented to an outside hospital with jaundice, abdominal pain, and back pain. She underwent a liver ultrasound showing a moderately dilated common bile duct secondary to distal biliary obstruction. In addition to biliary dilation, CT, and eventually MRI, provided further detail of pancreatic ductal dilation with an infiltrative mass in the pancreatic head and uncinate process measuring approximately 2 cm in size. It seemed to involve the ampulla suggesting a larger overall lesion of approximately 3 cm. She underwent an endoscopic ultrasound and fine needle aspiration, which showed atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-32cd1dc9e358", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Antitumor Response and Immunomodulatory Effects of Sub-Microsecond Irreversible Electroporation and Its Combination with Calcium Electroporation", "authors": "Novickij", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11111763", "pmid": "31717542", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In this work, we have investigated the feasibility of sub-microsecond range irreversible electroporation (IRE) with and without calcium electroporation in vivo. As a model, BALB/C mice were used and bioluminescent SP2/0 myeloma tumor models were developed. Tumors were treated with two separate pulsed electric field (PEF) pulsing protocols PEF1: 12 kV/cm × 200 ns × 500 (0.006 J/pulse) and PEF2: 12 kV/cm × 500 ns × 500 (0.015 J/pulse), which were delivered with and without Ca 2+ (168 mM) using parallel plate electrodes at a repetition frequency of 100 Hz. Both PEF1 and PEF2 treatments reduced tumor growth and prolonged the life span of the mice, however, the PEF2 protocol was more efficient. The delay in tumor renewal was the biggest when a combination of IRE with calcium electroporation was used, however, we did not obtain significant differences in the final mouse survival compared to PEF2 alone. Anti-tumor immune responses were also investigated after treatment with PEF2 and PEF2+Ca. In both cases the treated mice had enlarged spleens and increased spleen T cell numbers, lower percentages of suppressor cell subsets (conventional CD4 + CD25 + Treg, CD4 + CD25 - DX5 + Tr1, CD8 + DX5 + , CD4 + CD28 - , CD8 + CD28 - ), changed proportions of Tcm and Tef/Tem T cells in the spleen and increased amount of tumor cell specific antibodies in the sera. The treatment based on IRE was effective against primary tumors, destroyed the tumor microenvironment and induced an anti-tumor immune response, however, it was not sufficient for complete control of tumor metastasis.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-619f6f0b40cf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrical and thermal analyses of catheter-based irreversible electroporation of digestive tract", "authors": "Ren et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2019.1646928", "pmid": "31452435", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with a catheter-based electrode during endoscopy is a potential alternative treatment method for digestive tract tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the electrical injury (EI) and thermal injury (TI) to the digestive tract via numerical analyses and to evaluate the role and impact of electrode configurations and pulse settings on the efficacy and outcomes of IRE. Materials and methods: A finite element method was used to solve the numerical model. A digestive tract model having 4-mm-thick walls and two catheter-based electrode configuration models were constructed. The distributions of electric fields, temperature, electrical conductivity, tissue injury and limitation on the pulse number required for IRE were calculated and compared. Results: Electrode length is an important geometric parameter for electrodes in the monopolar model (MPM), while electrode spacing affects the outcomes in the bipolar model (BPM). Increasing the pulse voltage reduces the pulse number required for tissue ablation, while increasing the risk of TI. In total, there were 6 NT-IRE protocols, 12 thermal-IRE protocols and 30 TI protocols. All of the NT-IRE protocols were set in BPMs with a voltage of 0.50 kV. With increasing electrode spacing, the minimum pulse number decreased. However, thermal effects were inevitable in the MPM. Conclusions: The electrode configuration and pulse settings are adjusted to achieve NT-IRE synergistically. The BPM is more reliable for achieving NT-IRE in 4-mm-thick digestive wall. Future in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to support and validate this conclusion.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-20c72c109e4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation is an effective tumor ablation strategy that induces immunologic cell death and promotes systemic anti-tumor immunity", "authors": "Ringel-Scaia et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "EBioMedicine", "doi": "10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.036", "pmid": "31130474", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Despite promising treatments for breast cancer, mortality rates remain high and treatments for metastatic disease are limited. High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a novel tumor ablation technique that utilizes high-frequency bipolar electric pulses to destabilize cancer cell membranes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-955acb19150e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Antitumor Efficacy of Liposome-Encapsulated NVP-BEZ235 Combined with Irreversible Electroporation for Head and Neck Cancer", "authors": "Tian", "year": 2019, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules24193560", "pmid": "31581445", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) kills tumor cells by the delivery of short pulses of strong electric fields. However, the field strength decreases with distance from the treatment center. When IRE cannot eradicate the entire tumor mass, the surviving tumor cells can regrow. NVP-BEZ235 is a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor that has been administered orally in clinical trials. However, its hydrophobicity and poor water solubility make NVP-BEZ235 difficult to deliver to target areas. To improve its pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy, we have encapsulated NVP-BEZ235 in a liposome (termed as L-BEZ). Our current study focuses on the long-term antitumor efficacy of IRE and intratumoral injection of L-BEZ in HN5 head and neck cancer xenografts in nude mice. We compared in vitro efficacy, as well as the effect on tumor size and growth rate in vivo, between IRE alone, IRE + oral BEZ, and IRE + L-BEZ over the course of two months. All animals in the control group were sacrificed by day 36, due to excess tumor burden. Tumors treated with IRE alone grew faster and larger than those in the control group. IRE + oral BEZ suppressed tumor growth, but the growth rate increased to that of the controls toward the end of 21 days. Only IRE + L-BEZ eradicated the tumor masses, with no palpable or extractable tumor mass observed after two months. The combination of IRE and L-BEZ could effectively eradicate tumors and prevent recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-65ac1118a56b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mathematical modeling of the thermal effects of irreversible electroporation for in vitro , in vivo , and clinical use: a systematic review", "authors": "Agnass et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2020.1753828", "pmid": "32423258", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new ablation method for the treatment of unresectable cancers. Although the main mechanism of IRE is electric permeabilization of cell membranes, the question is to what extent thermal effects of IRE contribute to tissue ablation. Aim: This systematic review reviews the mathematical models used to numerically simulate the heat-generating effects of IRE, and uses the obtained data to assess the degree of mild-hyperthermic (temperatures between 40 °C and 50 °C) and thermally ablative (TA) effects (temperatures exceeding 50 °C) caused by IRE within the IRE-treated region (IRE-TR). Methods: A systematic search was performed in medical and technical databases for original studies reporting on numerical simulations of IRE. Data on used equations, study design, tissue models, maximum temperature increase, and surface areas of IRE-TR, mild-hyperthermic, and ablative temperatures were extracted. Results: Several identified models, including Laplace equation for calculation of electric field distribution, Pennes Bioheat Equation for heat transfer, and Arrhenius model for thermal damage, were applied on various electrode and tissue models. Median duration of combined mild-hyperthermic and TA effects is 20% of the treatment time. Based on the included studies, mild-hyperthermic temperatures occurred in 30% and temperatures ≥50 °C in 5% of the IRE-TR. Conclusions: Simulation results in this review show that significant mild-hyperthermic effects occur in a large part of the IRE-TR, and direct thermal ablation in comparatively small regions. Future studies should aim to optimize clinical IRE protocols, maintaining a maximum irreversible permeabilized region with minimal TA effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-25f700d4e57f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-Voltage Electrical Pulses in Oncology: Irreversible Electroporation, Electrochemotherapy, Gene Electrotransfer, Electrofusion, and Electroimmunotherapy", "authors": "Geboers et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2020192190", "pmid": "32208094", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This review summarizes the use of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in clinical oncology to treat solid tumors with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and electrochemotherapy (ECT). HVEPs increase the membrane permeability of cells, a phenomenon known as electroporation. Unlike alternative ablative therapies…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3583a1261499", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combination of Irreversible Electroporation and STING Agonist for Effective Cancer Immunotherapy", "authors": "Go et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers12113123", "pmid": "33114476", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Recently, cancer immunotherapy has received attention as a viable solution for the treatment of refractory tumors. However, it still has clinical limitations in its treatment efficacy due to inter-patient tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we demonstrated the triggering of anti-cancer immune responses by a combination of irreversible electroporation (IRE) and a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist. Optimal electrical conditions inducing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by immunogenic cell death (ICD) were determined through in vitro 2D and 3D cell experiments. In the in vivo syngeneic lung cancer model, the combination of IRE and STING agonists demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition. We believe that the combination strategy of IRE and STING agonists has potential for effective cancer immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e60beb3649e1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of irreversible electroporation parameters and the presence of a metal stent on the electric field line pattern", "authors": "Hogenes et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-70308-3", "pmid": "32782339", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The final ablation zone created with irreversible electroporation (IRE) depends on the size, shape and strength of the electric field that is influenced by several parameters. A profound understanding of the effect of IRE parameter alterations on the electric field are a prerequisite for a safe and effective treatment. Here, we demonstrate a semolina in castor oil model that enables visualization of the static electric field developed by a high-voltage generator between two needle-electrodes. We intuitively visualize the variation in electric field line pattern for selected IRE parameters; active needle length, inter-needle distance, applied voltage and presence of a nearby metal stent, by cameras in three dimensions. The observations were compared to and supported by two-dimensional numerical simulations of the electric field. Our semolina model visualizes the disturbance of the electric field by a metal stent, potentially leading to an incomplete tumour ablation between the needles. The reduction in electric field strength and the area at risk for incomplete tumour ablation are confirmed by the numerical simulations. The semolina model provides insight in the fundamental physics of the electric field, the effect of alterations in IRE parameter combinations and presence of a metal stent within the ablation zone.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0526176d4dac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A 2-D Cell Layer Study on Synergistic Combinations of High-Voltage and Low-Voltage Irreversible Electroporation Pulses", "authors": "Lv et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2019.2925774", "pmid": "31265380", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) employs brief, high-electric field pulses to ablate tumors while preserving the extracellular matrix. Recently, we showed that combining short high-voltage (SHV) IRE pulses and long low-voltage (LLV) IRE pulses can enlarge the tissue ablation region, presumably through a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1a0afcf4037c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Real-Time Impedance Monitoring During Electroporation Processes in Vegetal Tissue Using a High-Performance Generator", "authors": "López-Alonso", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sensors (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/s20113158", "pmid": "32498417", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Classical application of electroporation is carried out by using fixed protocols that do not clearly assure the complete ablation of the desired tissue. Nowadays, new methods that pursue the control of the treatment by studying the change in impedance during the applied pulses as a function of the electric field are being developed. These types of control seek to carry out the treatment in the fastest way, decreasing undesired effects and treatment time while ensuring the proper tumour ablation. The objective of this research is to determine the state of the treatment by continuously monitoring the impedance by using a novel versatile high-voltage generator and sensor system. To study the impedance dynamics in real time, the use of pulses of reduced voltage, below the threshold of reversible electroporation, is tested to characterise the state-of-the-treatment without interfering with it. With this purpose, a generator that provides both low voltage for sense tissue changes and high voltage for irreversible electroporation (IRE) was developed. In conclusion, the characterisation of the effects of electroporation in vegetal tissue, combined with the real-time monitoring of the state-of-the-treatment, will enable the provision of safer and more effective treatments.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-18ba118df416", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Design and Characterization of a Minimally Invasive Bipolar Electrode for Electroporation", "authors": "Merola et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Biology (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/biology9090303", "pmid": "32967343", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To test a new bipolar electrode for electroporation consisting of a single minimally invasive needle. Methods: A theoretical study was performed by using Comsol Multiphysics ® software. The prototypes of electrode have been tested on potatoes and pigs, adopting an irreversible electroporation protocol. Different applied voltages and different geometries of bipolar electrode prototype have been evaluated. Results: Simulations and pre-clinical tests have shown that the volume of ablated area is mainly influenced by applied voltage, while the diameter of the electrode had a lesser impact, making the goal of minimal-invasiveness possible. The conductive pole's length determined an increase of electroporated volume, while the insulated pole length inversely affects the electroporated volume size and shape; when the insulated pole length decreases, a more regular shape of the electric field is obtained. Moreover, the geometry of the electrode determined a different shape of the electroporated volume. A parenchymal damage in the liver of pigs due to irreversible electroporation protocol was observed. Conclusion: The minimally invasive bipolar electrode is able to treat an electroporated volume of about 10 mm in diameter by using a single-needle electrode. Moreover, the geometry and the electric characteristics can be selected to produce ellipsoidal ablation volumes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b3d098b181d0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cancellation effect is present in high-frequency reversible and irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Polajžer et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107442", "pmid": "31923714", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "It was recently suggested that applying high-frequency short biphasic pulses (HF-IRE) reduces pain and muscle contractions in electrochemotherapy and irreversible ablation treatments; however, higher amplitudes with HF-IRE pulses are required to achieve a similar effect as with monophasic pulses. HF-IRE pulses are in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ab8f5e0a5c4d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Development of adaptive resistance to electric pulsed field treatment in CHO cell line in vitro", "authors": "Polajžer et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-66879-w", "pmid": "32561789", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Gen Elektrotransferi (Plazmid DNA)" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric field treatment has increased over the last few decades with successful translation from in vitro studies into different medical treatments like electrochemotherapy, irreversible electroporation for tumor and cardiac tissue ablation and gene electrotransfer for gene therapy and DNA vaccination. Pulsed electric field treatments are efficient but localized often requiring repeated applications to obtain results due to partial response and recurrence of disease. While these treatment times are several orders of magnitude lower than conventional biochemical treatment, it has been recently suggested that cells may become resistant to electroporation in repetitive treatments. In our study, we evaluate this possibility of developing adaptive resistance in cells exposed to pulsed electric field treatment over successive lifetimes. Mammalian cells were exposed to electroporation pulses for 30 generations. Every 5 th generation was analyzed by determining permeabilization and survival curve. No statistical difference between cells in control and cells exposed to pulsed electric field treatment was observed. We offer evidence that electroporation does not affect cells in a way that they would become less susceptible to pulsed electric field treatment. Our findings indicate pulsed electric field treatment can be used in repeated treatments with each treatment having equal efficiency to the initial treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "gen-elektrotransferi", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-04ec08aa21d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of interphase and interpulse delay in high-frequency irreversible electroporation pulses on cell survival, membrane permeabilization and electrode material release", "authors": "Vižintin et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107523", "pmid": "32272337", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "To achieve high efficiency of electroporation and to minimize unwanted side effects, the electric field parameters must be optimized. Recently, it was suggested that biphasic high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) pulses reduce muscle contractions. However, it was also shown for sub-microsecond biphasic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3be8e5097a72", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A Retrospective Study of CT-Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) Ablation: Clinical Efficacy and Safety", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2020, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-92587/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "BackgroundTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of ablating renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by irreversible electroporation (IRE). MethodsFifteen patients (19 lesions) with RCC who underwent IRE were retrospectively reviewed. Seven patients had solitary kidneys. Two lesions were located in the renal hilus. One patient had chronic renal insufficiency. Percutaneous biopsy for histopathology was performed. The best puncture path plan was evaluated before CT-guided IRE. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was compared vs baseline at 1-2 months after the ablation. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging changes were evaluated immediately after IRE. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance was performed 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and every year thereafter. The complications after treatment were also reviewed. ResultsThe success rate of the procedure was 100%. The mean tumor size was 2.3 cm±1.1 cm (range: 1.1-4.5 cm), with an average score of 6.5 (range 4-9) per R.E.N.A.L. criteria (radius, exophytic/endophytic, nearness to collecting system or sinus, anterior/posterior, and location relative to polar lines). Two cases (3 lesions) were punctured through the liver. In other cases, puncture was performed through the perirenal space. There were no severe complications in interventional therapy. Transient gross hematuria occurred in 2 patients (centrally located). Self-limiting perinephric hematomas occurred in 1 patient. Needle puncture path metastasis was found in 1 patient 2.5 years after IRE. The subcutaneous metastasis was surgically removed, and there was no evidence of recurrence. There was no significant change in eGFR levels in terms of short- term clinical outcomes ( t =0.348, P =0.733). At 6 months, all 15 patients with imaging studies available had no evidence of recurrence. At 1 year, 1 patient (1 of 15) was noted to have experienced needle tract metastasis and accepted salvage radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy. ConclusionsIRE appears to be a safe and effective treatment for RCC that may offer a tissue-sparing method and complete ablation as an alternative therapy for RCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-3b8e69f390", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:wang", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-d504cb1b200a" }, { "id": "ref-0d5d2a172cc9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Understanding the role of calcium-mediated cell death in high-frequency irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Wasson et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107369", "pmid": "31706114", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is an emerging electroporation-based therapy used to ablate cancerous tissue. Treatment consists of delivering short, bipolar pulses (1-10μs) in a series of 80-100 bursts (1 burst/s, 100μs on-time). Reducing pulse duration leads to reduced treatment volumes compared…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fa519fea51d6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for De-epithelialization of Murine Small Intestine", "authors": "Wood et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Surg Res", "doi": "10.1016/j.jss.2020.07.034", "pmid": "32810659", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) has been shown to ablate the small intestinal epithelium while maintaining submucosal and muscularis propriae integrity. NTIRE is used here in a first-in-mouse study to eliminate the native intestinal stem cell population to understand optimal parameters and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ebda6699b047", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "P-P15 Margin Accentuation Irreversible Electroporation in Stage III Pancreatic Cancer A Systematic Review", "authors": "Al-Leswas et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "British Journal of Surgery", "doi": "10.1093/bjs/znab430.238", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background The present systematic review aimed to summarise the available evidence on indications and oncological outcomes after MA IRE for stage III pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods A literature search was performed in the Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS databases using the PRISMA framework to identify all MA IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti P-P15; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c616738e88bf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Generation of Tumor-activated T cells Using Electroporation", "authors": "Alinezhadbalalami et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107886", "pmid": "34303065", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Expansion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a crucial step in almost all cancer immunotherapeutic methods. Current techniques for expansion of tumor-reactive CTLs present major limitations. This study introduces a novel method to effectively produce and expand tumor-activated CTLs using high-voltage pulsed electric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-57dd1fa3626d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Theoretical Argument for Extended Interpulse Delays in Therapeutic High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Treatments", "authors": "Aycock et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2021.3049221", "pmid": "33400646", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a tissue ablation modality employing bursts of electrical pulses in a positive phase-interphase delay (d 1 )-negative phase-interpulse delay (d 2 ) pattern. Despite accumulating evidence suggesting the significance of these delays, their effects on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b5bfc73a0f14", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Distinct roles but cooperative effect of TLR3/9 agonists and PD-1 blockade in converting the immunotolerant microenvironment of irreversible electroporation-ablated tumors", "authors": "Babikr et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cell Mol Immunol", "doi": "10.1038/s41423-021-00796-4", "pmid": "34782757", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new cancer ablation technology, but methods to improve IRE-induced therapeutic immunity are only beginning to be investigated. We developed a mouse model bearing large primary (300 mm 3 ) and medium distant (100 mm 3 ) EG7 lymphomas engineered to express ovalbumin (OVA) as a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ecc21bcc6f5e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "MRI and CT in the follow-up after irreversible electroporation of small renal masses", "authors": "Buijs et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Diagn Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.5152/dir.2021.19575", "pmid": "34559050", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Ablation plays a growing role in the treatment of small renal masses (SRMs) due to its nephron sparing properties and low invasiveness. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has the potential, although still experimental, to overcome current limitations of thermal ablation. No prospective imaging studies exist…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b65940e5a2a5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In vivo analysis of the origin and characteristics of gaseous microemboli during catheter-mediated irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Groen", "year": 2021, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euaa243", "pmid": "33111141", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aims Irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation is a non-thermal ablation method based on the application of direct current between a multi-electrode catheter and skin electrode. The delivery of current through blood leads to electrolysis. Some studies suggest that gaseous (micro)emboli might be associated with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f6b455e9a70f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Combination of irreversible electroporation with sustained release of a synthetic membranolytic polymer for enhanced cancer cell killing", "authors": "Hanson et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-89661-y", "pmid": "34031433", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is used clinically as a focal therapy to ablate solid tumors. A critical disadvantage of IRE as a monotherapy for cancer is the inability of ablating large tumors, because the electric field strength required is often too high to be safe. Previous reports indicate that cells exposed to certain cationic small molecules and surfactants are more vulnerable to IRE at lower electric field strengths. However, low-molecular-weight IRE sensitizers may suffer from suboptimal bioavailability due to poor stability and a lack of control over spatiotemporal accumulation in the tumor tissue. Here, we show that a synthetic membranolytic polymer, poly(6-aminohexyl methacrylate) (PAHM), synergizes with IRE to achieve enhanced cancer cell killing. The enhanced efficacy of the combination therapy is attributed to PAHM-mediated sensitization of cancer cells to IRE and to the direct cell killing by PAHM through membrane lysis. We further demonstrate sustained release of PAHM from embolic beads over 1 week in physiological medium. Taken together, combining IRE and a synthetic macromolecular sensitizer with intrinsic membranolytic activity and sustained bioavailability may present new therapeutic opportunities for a wide range of solid tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d6240589747c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A Multicenter Single-Arm Objective Performance Criteria Trial to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation as Primary Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Study Protocol", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2021.760003", "pmid": "34858837", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The classical pathway for the therapy of low- to intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer is radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy, which has shown a high incidence of complications, including erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, and bowel injury. An alternative pathway is to perform an ablation by some energy to the localized lesion, known as focal therapy. High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is nonthermal energy that can be used in cancer ablation to deliver pulsed high-voltage but low-energy electric current to the cell membrane and to invoke cell death. An H-FIRE pathway has been reported to be tissue-selective, which leads to fewer side effects. Methods and analysis: This is a multicenter and single-arm objective performance criteria (OPC) study, in which all men with localized prostate cancer are allocated to H-FIRE ablation. This trial will assess the efficacy and safety of the H-FIRE ablation for prostate cancer. Efficacy will be assessed by prostate biopsy 6 months after treatment while safety will be assessed by adverse event reports and questionnaires. The main inclusion criteria are moderate to low-risk prostate cancer in NCCN risk classification and had no previous therapy for prostate cancer. A sample size of 110 participants is required. The primary objective is to determine whether the detection rate of clinically significant cancer by prostate biopsy is less than 20% after the H-FIRE ablation. Ethics and dissemination: This study has obtained ethical approval by the ethics committee of all participating centers. The results of the study will be submitted for dissemination and publication in peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions: This multicenter single-arm objective performance criteria trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of high-frequency irreversible electroporation in treating prostate cancer. Strengths and limitations of this study: A comprehensive evaluation of imaging and histopathology is used to determine the effect of treatment. Questionnaires were used to assess the treatment side effects. Multicenter and pragmatic designs capacitate higher generalizability. A limitation of this trial is that the prostate biopsy as an endpoint may not be as accurate as of the specimen from prostate prostatectomy. Another limitation is the 6-month follow-up time, making this trial challenging to come to firm conclusions regarding the efficacy and safety of IRE in the long term. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03838432.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d1b7d572eded", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Magnetic anchoring and guidance-assisted endoscopic irreversible electroporation for gastric mucosal ablation: a preclinical study in canine model", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Surg Endosc", "doi": "10.1007/s00464-020-08245-5", "pmid": "33420599", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of magnetic anchoring and guidance-assisted endoscopic irreversible electroporation (MAG-IRE) for gastric mucosal ablation. Methods: A catheter-based, donut-like, and MAG-assisted electrode was developed. MAG-IRE for gastric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e9982a639dc9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Novel platinum bipolar electrode for irreversible electroporation in prostate cancer: preclinical study in the beagle prostate", "authors": "Lim", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-96734-5", "pmid": "34433890", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The exposure of the prostate to high electric field strength during irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been extensively investigated. Multiple monopolar electrodes, however, have risks of organ piercing and bleeding when placing electrodes. A novel bipolar electrode made of pure platinum and stainless steel was developed for prostate cancer ablation. Voltages of 500 and 700 V were applied to the beagle prostate with this electrode to evaluate ablated tissues and their characteristics. IRE procedures were technically successful in all dogs without procedure-related complications. The current that flowed through the anode and cathode while applying 500 and 700 V were 1.75 ± 0.25 A and 2.22 ± 0.35 A, respectively. TUNEL assays showed that the estimated ablated areas when applying 500 and 700 V were 0.78 cm 2 and 1.21 cm 2 , respectively. The minimum electric field strength threshold required for induction of IRE was 800 V/cm. The platinum electrode was resistant to corrosion. The IRE procedure for beagle prostates using a single bipolar electrode was technically feasible and safe. The novel bipolar electrode has great potential for treating human prostate cancer with fewer IRE-related complications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-763591e26071", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) a mid-term clinical experience", "authors": "Wah", "year": 2021, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-021-07846-5", "pmid": "33825033", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of CT-guided IRE of clinical T1a (cT1a) renal tumours close to vital structures and to assess factors that may influence the technical success and early oncological durability. Methods: CT-guided IRE (2015-2020) was prospectively evaluated. Patients' demographics, technical details/success, Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification of complications (I-V) and oncological outcome were collated. Statistical analysis was performed to determine variables associated with complications. The overall 2- and 3-year cancer-specific (CS), local recurrence-free (LRF) and metastasis-free (MF) survival rates are presented using the Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: Thirty cT1a RCCs (biopsy-proven/known VHL disease) in 26 patients (age 32-81 years) were treated with IRE. The mean tumour size was 2.5 cm and the median follow-up was 37 months. The primary technical success rate was 73.3%, where 22 RCCs were completely IRE ablated. Seven residual diseases were successfully ablated with cryoablation, achieving an overall technical success rate of 97%. One patient did not have repeat treatment as he died from unexpected stroke at 4-month post-IRE. One patient had CD-III complication with a proximal ureteric injury. Five patients developed > 25% reduction of eGFR immediately post-IRE. All patients have preservation of renal function without the requirement for renal dialysis. The overall 2- and 3-year CS, LRF and MF survival rates are 89%, 96%, 91% and 87%. Conclusion: CT-guided IRE in cT1a RCC is safe with acceptable complications. The primary technical success rate was suboptimal due to the early operator's learning curve, and long-term follow-up is required to validate the IRE oncological durability. Key points: • Irreversible electroporation should only be considered when surgery or image-guided thermal ablation is not an option for small renal cancer. • This non-thermal technique is safe in the treatment of small renal cancer and the primary technical success rate was 73.3%. • This can be used when renal cancer is close to important structure.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d504cb1b200a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A retrospective study of CT-guided percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation: clinical efficacy and safety", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s12885-021-07820-w", "pmid": "33546635", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of ablating renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by irreversible electroporation (IRE). Methods: Fifteen patients (19 lesions) with RCC who underwent IRE were retrospectively reviewed. Seven patients had solitary kidneys. Two lesions were located in the renal hilus. One patient had chronic renal insufficiency. Percutaneous biopsy for histopathology was performed. The best puncture path plan was evaluated before CT-guided IRE. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was compared vs baseline at 1-2 months after the ablation. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging changes were evaluated immediately after IRE. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance was performed 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and every year thereafter. The complications after treatment were also reviewed. Results: The success rate of the procedure was 100%. The median tumor size was 2.4 (IQR 1.3-2.9) cm, with an median score of 6 (IQR 5.5-8) per R.E.N.A.L. criteria (radius, exophytic/endophytic, nearness to collecting system or sinus, anterior/posterior, and location relative to polar lines). Two cases (3 lesions) were punctured through the liver. In other cases, puncture was performed through the perirenal space. There were no severecomplications in interventional therapy. Transient gross hematuria occurred in 2 patients (centrally located). Self-limiting perinephric hematomas occurred in 1 patient. Needle puncture path metastasis was found in 1 patient 2.5 years after IRE. The subcutaneous metastasis was surgically removed, and there was no evidence of recurrence. There was no significant change in eGFR levels in terms of short- term clinical outcomes (t = 0.348, P = 0.733). At 6 months, all 15 patients with imaging studies available had no evidence of recurrence. At 1 year, 1 patient (1 of 15) was noted to have experienced needle tract metastasis and accepted salvage radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy. Conclusions: IRE appears to be a safe and effective treatment for RCC that may offer a tissue-sparing method and complete ablation as an alternative therapy for RCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-3b8e69f390", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:wang", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-d504cb1b200a" }, { "id": "ref-60952eea23ea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "An in vivo study of a custom-made high-frequency irreversible electroporation generator on different tissues for clinically relevant ablation zones", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2021.1912417", "pmid": "33853496", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To examine the ablation zone, muscle contractions, and temperature increases in both rabbit liver and kidney models in vivo for a custom-made high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) generator. Materials and methods: A total of 18 New Zealand white rabbits were used to investigate five H-FIRE protocols ( n = 3 for each protocol) and an IRE protocol ( n = 3) for the performance of the designed H-FIRE device in both liver and kidney tissues. The ablation zone was determined by using histological analysis 72 h after treatment. The extent of muscle contractions and temperature change during the application of pulse energy were measured by a commercial accelerometer attached to animals and fiber optic temperature probe inserted into organs with IRE electrodes, respectively. Results: All H-FIRE protocols were able to generate visible ablation zones without muscle contractions, for both liver and kidney tissues. The area of ablation zone generated in H-FIRE pulse protocols (e.g., 0.3-1 μs, 2000 V, and 90-195 bursts) appears similar to that of IRE protocol (100 μs, 1000 V, and 90 pulses) in both liver and kidney tissues. No significant temperature increase was noticed except for the protocol with the highest pulse energy (e.g., 1 μs, 2000 V, and 180 bursts). Conclusion: Our work serves to complement the current H-FIRE pulse waveforms, which can be optimized to significantly improve the quality of ablation zone in terms of precision for liver and kidney tumors in clinical setting.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec53e21bf920", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Advances of Electroporation-Related Therapies and the Synergy with Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment", "authors": "Gong", "year": 2022, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines10111942", "pmid": "36423037", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is the process of instantaneously increasing the permeability of a cell membrane under a pulsed electric field. Depending on the parameters of the electric pulses and the target cell electrophysiological characteristics, electroporation can be either reversible or irreversible. Reversible electroporation facilitates the delivery of functional genetic materials or drugs to target cells, inducing cell death by apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, or pseudoapoptosis; irreversible electroporation is an ablative technology which directly ablates a large amount of tissue without causing harmful thermal effects; electrotherapy using an electric field can induce cell apoptosis without any aggressive invasion. Reversible and irreversible electroporation can also activate systemic antitumor immune response and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss recent progress related to electroporation, and summarize its latest applications. Further, we discuss the synergistic effects of electroporation-related therapies and immunotherapy. We also propose perspectives for further investigating electroporation and immunotherapy in cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-61fb2d9dff89", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Automated irreversible electroporated region prediction using deep neural network, a preliminary study for treatment planning", "authors": "Khorasani", "year": 2022, "journal": "Electromagn Biol Med", "doi": "10.1080/15368378.2022.2114493", "pmid": "35989633", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "The primary purpose of cancer treatment with irreversible electroporation (IRE) is to maximize tumor damage and minimize surrounding healthy tissue damage. Finite element analysis is one of the popular ways to calculate electric field and cell kill probability in IRE. However, this method also has limitations. This…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7ed965df7dc9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effects of different applied voltages of irreversible electroporation on prostate cancer in a mouse model", "authors": "Kim", "year": 2022, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-25258-3", "pmid": "36572706", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "As a non-thermal ablation method, irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been widely investigated in the treatment of prostate cancer. However, no consensus has been achieved on the optimal parameters of IRE for prostate cancer. Since high voltage is known to carry risks of muscle contraction and patient discomfort, it is crucial to identify the minimum but effective and safer applied voltage to inhibit tumor growth. In this study, the effect of different applied voltages of IRE on prostate cancer was evaluated in BALB/c nude mice. Mathematical simulation and measurement of the actual ablation area revealed a larger ablation area at a higher voltage. In in vivo experiment, except for the three different voltages applied, all groups received identical electrical conditions: pulse number, 180 (20 groups × 9 pulses/group); pulse width, 100 µs; pulse interval, 2 ms; distance between the electrodes, 5 mm; and electrode exposure length, 15 mm. Whilst the tumor volume initially decreased in the 500 V (1000 V/cm) and 700 V (1400 V/cm) groups and subsequently increased, only a transient increase followed by a continuous decrease until the sacrifice was observed in the 900 V (1800 V/cm) group. This result demonstrated a lasting effect of a higher applied voltage on tumor growth inhibition. The histological, immunohistochemical, and western blot findings all confirmed IRE-induced apoptosis in the treatment groups. Taken together, 900 V seemed to be the minimum applied voltage required to reduce tumor growth, though subsequent studies are anticipated to further narrow the voltage intervals and lower the minimum voltage required for tumor inhibition.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a00a12ac0559", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Polymer Nanoparticles Enhance Irreversible Electroporation In Vitro", "authors": "Petrella et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2022.3143084", "pmid": "35025737", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Expanding the volume of an irreversible electroporation treatment typically necessitates an increase in pulse voltage, number, duration, or repetition. This study investigates the addition of polyethylenimine nanoparticles (PEI-NP) to pulsed electric field treatments, determining their combined effect on ablation size…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5241ad073759", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation and electrochemotherapy in oncology State of the art", "authors": "Tasu et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Diagn Interv Imaging", "doi": "10.1016/j.diii.2022.09.009", "pmid": "36266192", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Thermal tumor ablation techniques including radiofrequency, microwave, LASER, high-intensity focused ultrasound and cryoablation are routinely used to treated liver, kidney, bone, or lung tumors. However, all these techniques are thermal and can therefore be affected by heat sink effect, which can lead to incomplete…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f4cce49a1728", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of pulsed field ablation on solid tumor cells and microenvironment", "authors": "Wang", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.899722", "pmid": "36081554", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation can increase membrane permeability and is an emerging non-thermal ablation. While ablating tumor tissues, electrical pulses not only act on the membrane structure of cells to cause irreversible electroporation, but also convert tumors into an immune active state, increase the permeability of microvessels, inhibit the proliferation of pathological blood vessels, and soften the extracellular matrix thereby inhibiting infiltrative tumor growth. Electrical pulses can alter the tumor microenvironment, making the inhibitory effect on the tumor not limited to short-term killing, but mobilizing the collective immune system to inhibit tumor growth and invasion together.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9f8d8dbe1fe5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Corrigendum: Correction of the Abstract. Focal therapy for prostate cancer with irreversible electroporation: Oncological and functional results of a single institution study", "authors": "Yaxley", "year": 2022, "journal": "Investig Clin Urol", "doi": "10.4111/icu.20210472c", "pmid": "35796143", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "This corrects the article on p. 285 in vol. 63, PMID: 35534217.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc" }, { "id": "ref-de9ab206ffae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation An Emerging Immunomodulatory Therapy on Solid Tumors", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2021.811726", "pmid": "35069599", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a novel non-thermal ablation technique, is utilized to ablate unresectable solid tumors and demonstrates favorable safety and efficacy in the clinic. IRE applies electric pulses to alter the cell transmembrane voltage and causes nanometer-sized membrane defects or pores in the cells, which leads to loss of cell homeostasis and ultimately results in cell death. The major drawbacks of IRE are incomplete ablation and susceptibility to recurrence, which limit its clinical application. Recent studies have shown that IRE promotes the massive release of intracellular concealed tumor antigens that become an \" in-situ tumor vaccine,\" inducing a potential antitumor immune response to kill residual tumor cells after ablation and inhibiting local recurrence and distant metastasis. Therefore, IRE can be regarded as a potential immunomodulatory therapy, and combined with immunotherapy, it can exhibit synergistic treatment effects on malignant tumors, which provides broad application prospects for tumor treatment. This work reviewed the current status of the clinical efficacy of IRE in tumor treatment, summarized the characteristics of local and systemic immune responses induced by IRE in tumor-bearing organisms, and analyzed the specific mechanisms of the IRE-induced immune response. Moreover, we reviewed the current research progress of IRE combined with immunotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors. Based on the findings, we present deficiencies of current preclinical studies of animal models and analyze possible reasons and solutions. We also propose possible demands for clinical research. This review aimed to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the combination of IRE with immunotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a3ba7937c39f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "One-year Follow-up Results of Transperineal Biopsy For Patients Undergoing Irreversible Electroporation Treatment in Localized Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Altan", "year": 2023, "journal": "Urol Res Pract", "doi": "10.5152/tud.2023.23150", "pmid": "37971388", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: This article reports on the early results of a 1-year follow-up study investigating the efficacy of irreversible electroporation in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. Methods: The study included 18 out of 40 patients diagnosed with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer who underwent irreversible electroporation. Treatment results were evaluated through confirmation biopsies, comparing prostate-specific antigen levels, international prostate symptom scoring, and international index of erectile dysfunction scores before irreversible electroporation and at the 12-month mark. Results: The mean age of the patients was 61.1 years (SD ±6.5). Out of the 18 patients, 16 were tumor free (88.8%), while 2 experienced recurrences, one within the treatment field and the other outside of it (P < .001). Irreversible electroporation significantly reduced mean prostate-specific antigen levels (6.73 ng/mL vs. 2.05 ng/mL, P < .001), indicating a 69.5% reduction within 12 months. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in mean international prostate symptom scores at the 12-month followup (10.05 vs. 7.52, P=.003). The mean international index of erectile dysfunction scores before treatment was 19.17 (SD ±5.85), and after irreversible electroporation, it was 18.67 (SD ±6.34), with no statistically significant change (P=.065). Conclusion: The short-term oncological results of irreversible electroporation treatment are promising, particularly for patients in the low- and intermediate-risk groups. Additionally, irreversible electroporation does not negatively impact the international index of erectile dysfunction; however, it may lead to a decrease in international prostate symptom scores.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d19a21d3053b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Influence of Irreversible Electroporation Parameters on the Size of the Ablation Zone and Thermal Effects: A Systematic Review", "authors": "Hogenes", "year": 2023, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338221125003", "pmid": "36598035", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The aim of this study was to review the effect of irreversible electroporation parameter settings on the size of the ablation zone and the occurrence of thermal effects. This insight would help to optimize treatment protocols and effectively ablate a tumor while controlling the occurrence of thermal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a4a5354c3381", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Spatiotemporal estimations of temperature rise during electroporation treatments using a deep neural network", "authors": "Jacobs et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Comput Biol Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107019", "pmid": "37220706", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "The nonthermal mechanism for irreversible electroporation has been paramount for treating tumors and cardiac tissue in anatomically sensitive areas, where there is concern about damage to nearby bowels, ducts, blood vessels, or nerves. However, Joule heating still occurs as a secondary effect of applying current…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cf44be0a350b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Özofagus ve Üst Gastrointestinal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "ozofagus-ve-ust-gi-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Assessment of efficacy and safety of advanced endoscopic irreversible electroporation catheter in the esophagus", "authors": "Jeon", "year": 2023, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-023-33635-9", "pmid": "37193702", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is emerging as a promising tissue ablation technique. However, maintaining irreversible electroporation (IRE) electrodes against displacement during strong esophageal spasms remains an obstacle. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of newly designed balloon-type endoscopic IRE catheters. Six pigs were randomly allocated to each catheter group, and each pig was subjected to four ablations at alternating voltages of 1500 V and 2000 V. Esophagogastroscopy was performed during the IRE. The ability of balloon-type catheters to execute complete IRE with 40 pulses was assessed. The success rate was higher for the balloon-type catheter than that for the basket-type (12/12 [100%] vs. 2/12 [16.7%], p < 0.001). Following gross inspection and histologic analysis of the 1500-V vs. 2000-V balloon-type catheter revealed a larger mucosal damage area (105.3 mm 2 vs. 140.8 mm 2 , p = 0.004) and greater damage depth (476 μm vs. 900 μm, p = 0.02). Histopathology of the ablated tissue revealed separated epithelium, inflamed lamina propria, congested muscularis mucosa, necrotized submucosa, and disorganized muscularis propria. Balloon-type catheters demonstrated efficacy, achieving full electrical pulse sequences under NTIRE conditions, and a safe histological profile below 2000 V (1274 V/cm). Optimal electrical conditions and electrode arrays pose ongoing challenges.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "legacy_unverified", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7757e466f391", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Global sensitivity study for irreversible electroporation Towards treatment planning under uncertainty", "authors": "Lakshmi Narasimhan et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Med Phys", "doi": "10.1002/mp.16220", "pmid": "36635955", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Electroporation-based cancer treatments are minimally invasive, nonthermal interventional techniques that leverage cell permeabilization to ablate the target tumor. However, the amount of permeabilization is susceptible to the numerous uncertainties during treatment, such as patient-specific variations in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-834b7c808206", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Optimal Irreversible Electroporation Combined with Nano-Enabled Immunomodulatory to Boost Systemic Antitumor Immunity", "authors": "Peng et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Adv Healthc Mater", "doi": "10.1002/adhm.202302549", "pmid": "38059737", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "In this work, we proposed nµPEF, a novel pulse configuration combining nanosecond and microsecond pulses (nµPEF), to enhance tumor ablation in irreversible electroporation (IRE) for oncological therapy. nµPEF demonstrated improved efficacy in inducing immunogenic cell death, positioning it as a potential candidate for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-50ac7e6eaf1e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Scheduled dosage regimen by irreversible electroporation of loaded erythrocytes for cancer treatment", "authors": "Peng et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "APL Bioeng", "doi": "10.1063/5.0174353", "pmid": "37854061", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Precise control of cargo release is essential but still a great challenge for any drug delivery system. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), utilizing short high-voltage pulsed electric fields to destabilize the biological membrane, has been recently approved as a non-thermal technique for tumor ablation without destroying the integrity of adjacent collagenous structures. Due to the electro-permeating membrane ability, IRE might also have great potential to realize the controlled drug release in response to various input IRE parameters, which were tested in a red blood cell (RBC) model in this work. According to the mathematical simulation model of a round biconcave disc-like cell based on RBC shape and dielectric characteristics, the permeability and the pore density of the RBC membrane were found to quantitatively depend on the pulse parameters. To further provide solid experimental evidence, indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (DOX) were both loaded inside RBCs (RBC@DOX&ICG) and the drug release rates were found to be tailorable by microsecond pulsed electric field ( μ sPEF). In addition, μ sPEF could effectively modulate the tumor stroma to augment therapy efficacy by increasing micro-vessel density and permeability, softening extracellular matrix, and alleviating tumor hypoxia. Benefiting from these advantages, this IRE-responsive RBC@DOX&ICG achieved a remarkably synergistic anti-cancer effect by the combination of μ sPEF and chemotherapy in the tumor-bearing mice model, with the survival time increasing above 90 days without tumor burden. Given that IRE is easily adaptable to different plasma membrane-based vehicles for delivering diverse drugs, this approach could offer a general applicability for cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2b2450255a24", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Acute ATP loss during irreversible electroporation mediates caspase independent cell death", "authors": "Razakamanantsoa et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108355", "pmid": "36549173", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been reported to variably cause apoptosis, necrosis, oncosis or pyroptosis. Intracellular ATP is a key substrate for apoptosis which is rapidly depleted during IRE, we sought to understand whether intracellular ATP levels is a determinant of the mode of cell death following IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-12ded6b39ad0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Optimum Parameter Prediction via Machine-Learning", "authors": "De Cillis et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "IEEE J. Electromagn. RF Microw. Med. Biol.", "doi": "10.1109/JERM.2024.3378573", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "The adoption of high-frequency irreversible electroporation in various medical treatments is becoming increasingly prevalent. There is currently a special focus on its applications in oncology, offering new perspectives in terms of treatable tumor types and treatment effectiveness. A multitude of parameters can…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1108ab3429f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) for Prostate Cancer (PCa) Treatment The State of the Art", "authors": "Faiella", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Pers Med", "doi": "10.3390/jpm14020137", "pmid": "38392571", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We evaluated the most recent research from 2000 to 2023 in order to deeply investigate the applications of PCa IRE, first exploring its usage with primary intent and then salvage intent. Finally, we discuss the differences with other focal PCa treatments. In the case of primary-intent IRE, the in-field recurrence is quite low (ranges from 0% to 33%). Urinary continence after the treatment remains high (>86%). Due to several different patients in the studies, the preserved potency varied quite a lot (59-100%). Regarding complications, the highest occurrence rates are for those of Grades I and II (20-77% and 0-29%, respectively). Grade III complications represent less than 7%. Regarding the specific oncological outcomes, both PCa-specific survival and overall survival are 100%. Metastasis-free survival is 99.6%. In a long-term study, the Kaplan-Meier FFS rates reported are 91% at 3 years, 84% at 5 years, and 69% at 8 years. In the single study with salvage-intent IRE, the in-field recurrence was 7%. Urinary continence was still high (93%), but preserved potency was significantly lower than primary-intent IRE patients (23%). In addition, Grade III complications were slightly higher (10.8%). In conclusion, in males with localized low-intermediate-risk prostate cancer, IRE had an excellent safety profile and might have positive results for sexual and urinary function.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-27b05645de79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Integrated Time Nanosecond Pulse Irreversible Electroporation (INSPIRE): Assessment of Dose, Temperature, and Voltage on Experimental and Clinical Treatment Outcomes", "authors": "Fesmire et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2023.3340718", "pmid": "38145519", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)" ], "abstract": "Objective: This study sought to investigate a novel strategy using temperature-controlled delivery of nanosecond pulsed electric fields as an alternative to the 50-100 microsecond pulses used for irreversible electroporation. Methods: INSPIRE treatments were carried out at two temperatures in 3D tumor models using…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1fa2ca244772", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Computer modelling and vegetable bench test of a bipolar electrode array intended for use in high frequency irreversible electroporation treatment of skin cancer", "authors": "González-Suárez et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Biomed Eng Lett", "doi": "10.1007/s13534-024-00421-z", "pmid": "39781046", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Pulsed electrical field (PEF) ablation is an energy-based technique used to treat a range of cancers by irreversible electroporation (IRE). Our objective was to use computational and plant-based models to characterize the electric field distribution and ablation zones induced with a commercial 8-needle…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d73625a8408e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method", "authors": "Jeon", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16071389", "pmid": "38611067", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "The regulation of apoptosis is the primary goal of ablation therapy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal tissue ablation-based therapy that induces apoptosis by manipulating electrical conditions. This study aimed to investigate IRE-induced gastric tissue apoptosis in response to changes in the electric field intensity, followed by the repair process. Among the 52 rats used in this study, 24 were used to explore apoptosis, and 28 were used to study regeneration. The apoptosis-to-necrosis ratio of the electrical field strength was evaluated using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. The size of IRE-induced ulcers in the gastric tissue continuously increased with increasing electrical intensity (r 2 = 0.830, p < 0.001). The level of apoptosis gradually decreased after peaking at 200 V (1000 V/cm). The size of the 400 V-ablated ulcers continued to decrease, and they were not visible by day 14. The proliferation and migration of epithelial cells with fibroblasts were observed on day 3 and augmented on day 7 post-ablation. This investigation demonstrated the biphasic activation of apoptosis with respect to the electrical field strength. Visually and histologically, IRE-induced gastric ulcers demonstrated complete tissue regeneration after two weeks.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-79a18df28029", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Induction of Combined Hyperthermal Ablation Effect of Irreversible Electroporation with Polydopamine Nanoparticle-Coated Electrodes", "authors": "Jeon et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms25084317", "pmid": "38673901", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a prominent non-thermal ablation method widely employed in clinical settings for the focal ablation therapy of solid tumors. Utilizing high-voltage, short-duration electric pulses, IRE induces perforation defects in the cell membrane, leading to apoptotic cell death. Despite the promise of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in clinical applications, it faces challenges concerning the coverage of target tissues for ablation, particularly when compared to other thermal ablation therapies such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and cryoablation. This study aims to investigate the induced hyperthermal effect of IRE by applying a polydopamine nanoparticle (Dopa NP) coating on the electrode. We hypothesize that the induced hyperthermal effect enhances the therapeutic efficacy of IRE for cancer ablation. First, we observed the hyperthermal effect of IRE using Dopa NP-coated electrodes in hydrogel phantom models and then moved to in vivo models. In particular, in in vivo animal studies, the IRE treatment of rabbit hepatic lobes with Dopa NP-coated electrodes exhibited a two-fold higher increase in temperature (ΔT) compared to non-coated electrodes. Through a comprehensive analysis, we found that IRE treatment with Dopa NP-coated electrodes displayed the typical histological signatures of hyperthermal ablation, including the disruption of the hepatic cord and lobular structure, as well as the infiltration of erythrocytes. These findings unequivocally highlight the combined efficacy of IRE with Dopa NPs for electroporation and the hyperthermal ablation of target cancer tissues.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e3e9e3a1758d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A narrative clinical trials review in the realm of focal therapy for localized prostate cancer", "authors": "Lazarovich", "year": 2024, "journal": "Transl Cancer Res", "doi": "10.21037/tcr-23-2406", "pmid": "39697719", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and objective: The role of focal therapy in the treatment of localized prostate cancer is evolving. However, despite accumulating evidence, current guidelines and regulatory bodies refrain from endorsing focal therapy outside of clinical trials. Our goal was the to review the focal therapy realm for ongoing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0b0e2caa32ac", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The Enhancement of Tumor Ablation Effect by the Combination of High-Frequency and Low-Voltage Bipolar Electroporation Pulses", "authors": "Lv et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2023.3344153", "pmid": "38113160", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Unlabelled: The H-FIRE (high-frequency irreversible electroporation) protocol employs high-frequency bipolar pulses (HFBPs) with a width of ∼1 µs for tumor ablation with slight muscle contraction. However, H-FIRE pulses need a higher electric field to generate a sufficient ablation effect, which may cause undesirable…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e67645aa01d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Safety and Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation in Lymph Node Metastases", "authors": "Narayanan", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-024-03795-w", "pmid": "38943032", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Demonstrating the safety and efficacy of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the treatment of lymph node metastases. Materials and methods: An IRB-approved, single-center retrospective review was performed on patients with lymph node metastases gastrointestinal, and genitourinary primary cancers. Primary objective safety was evaluated by assessing complications graded according to the Clavien-Dindo Classification, and efficacy was determined by tumor response on follow-up imaging and local progression-free survival (LPFS). Secondary outcome measures were technical success (complete ablation with an adequate ablative margin > 5 mm), length of hospital stay and distant progression-free survival (DPFS). Results: Nineteen patients underwent percutaneous IRE between June 2018 and February 2023 for lymph node metastases, close to critical structures, such as vasculature, bowel, or nerves. The technical success was achieved in all cases. Complications occurred in four patients (21.1%), including two self-limiting grade 1 hematomas, a grade 1 abdominal pain, and grade 2 nerve pain treated with medication. Seventeen patients were hospitalized overnight, one patient stayed two nights and another patient stayed fourteen nights. Median follow-up was 25.5 months. Median time to local progression was 24.1 months (95% CI: 0-52.8) with 1-, 2-, and 5-year LPFS of 57.9%, 57.9% and 20.7%, respectively. Median time to distant progression was 4.3 months (95% CI: 0.3-8.3) with 1-, 2-, and 5-year DPFS of 31.6%, 13.2% and 13.2%, respectively. Conclusion: IRE is a safe and effective minimally-invasive treatment for lymph node metastases in locations, where temperature dependent ablation may be contraindicated. Care should be taken when employing IRE near nerves.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5d7d76ee4176", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Personalized Treatment Strategy in \"Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Candidates\" Using Irreversible Electroporation: Prospective Evaluation of Feasibility, Morbidity, Functional and Oncological Outcomes", "authors": "Popeneciu", "year": 2024, "journal": "World J Mens Health", "doi": "10.5534/wjmh.230097", "pmid": "38311374", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the morbidity, functional and oncological outcome of irreversible electroporation (IRE) as a focal therapy for prostate cancer (PCa) when used in \"active surveillance (AS)\" candidates refusing standard treatment options. Materials and methods: IRE was performed under general anaesthesia, and the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8fe0404dac10", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation as a focal therapy for localized prostate cancer: A systematic review", "authors": "Prabhakar", "year": 2024, "journal": "Indian J Urol", "doi": "10.4103/iju.iju_370_23", "pmid": "38314081", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new and promising focal therapy for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. In this systematic review, we summarize the literature on IRE for prostate cancer published over the last decade. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were searched with the end date of May 2023…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-aad7113017dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrolysis products, reactive oxygen species and ATP loss contribute to cell death following irreversible electroporation with microsecond-long pulsed electric fields", "authors": "Rajagopalan et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108579", "pmid": "37769509", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Membrane permeabilization and thermal injury are the major cause of cell death during irreversible electroporation (IRE) performed using high electric field strength (EFS) and small number of pulses. In this study, we explored cell death under conditions of reduced EFS and prolonged pulse application, identifying the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6edfa134fc08", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Trends in focal therapy for localized prostate cancer a bibliometric analysis from 2014 to 2023", "authors": "Xia", "year": 2024, "journal": "Discov Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12672-024-01387-1", "pmid": "39331332", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Focal therapy, a minimally invasive strategy for localized prostate cancer, has been widely employed in the targeted treatment of localized prostate cancer in recent years. We analyzed 1312 relevant papers from the last decade using Web of Science Core Collection data. Our analysis covered countries, institutions…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9903c46af706", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "EW-7197, transforming growth factor β inhibitor, combined with irreversible electroporation for improving skin wound in a rat excisional model", "authors": "Zeng et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-61003-8", "pmid": "38834729", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combining EW-7197 with irreversible electroporation (IRE) for improving wound healing, 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of four rats each after dorsal excisional wound induction: sham control group; oral administration of EW-7197 for 7 days group; one-time application of IRE group; and one-time application of IRE followed by oral administration of EW-7197 for 7 days group. Measurement of wound closure rate, laser Doppler scanning, histological staining (hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome), and immunohistochemical analyses (Ki-67 and α-SMA) were performed to evaluate the efficacy. Fifteen of 16 rats survived throughout the study. Statistically significant differences in wound closure rates were observed between the combination therapy group and the other three groups (all P < 0.05). The degrees of inflammation, α-SMA, and Ki-67 were reduced in the EW-7197 and IRE monotherapy groups; however, not statistically significant. The fibrosis score exhibited significant reduction in all three treatment groups, with the most prominent being in the combination therapy group. This study concludes that oral administration of EW-7197 combined with IRE demonstrated effectiveness in improving skin wound in a rat excisional model and may serve as a potential alternative for promoting healing outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-214d7dc8c642", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A multi-center international study to evaluate the safety, functional and oncological outcomes of irreversible electroporation for the ablation of prostate cancer", "authors": "Zhang", "year": 2024, "journal": "Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis", "doi": "10.1038/s41391-023-00783-y", "pmid": "38195916", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel technique to treat localized prostate cancer with the aim of achieving oncological control while reducing related side effects. We present the outcomes of localized prostate cancer treated with IRE from a multi-center prospective registry. Methods: Men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer were recruited to receive IRE. All the patients were proposed for prostate biopsy at 1-year post-IRE ablation. The functional outcomes were measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaires. The safety of IRE was graded by the treatment-related adverse events (AEs) according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Results: 411 patients were recruited in this study from July 2015 to April 2020. The median follow-up time was 24 months (IQR 15-36). 116 patients underwent repeat prostate biopsy during 12-18 months after IRE. Clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason ≥ 3 + 4) was detected in 24.1% (28/116) of the patients; any grade prostate cancers were found in 59.5% (69/116) of the patients. The IPSS score increased significantly from 7.1 to 8.2 (p = 0.015) at 3 months but decreased to 6.1 at 6 months (p = 0.017). Afterwards, the IPSS level remained stable during follow-up. The IIEF-5 score decreased at 3 months from 16.0 to 12.1 (p < 0.001) and then maintained equable afterwards. The rate of AEs was 1.8% at 3 months and then dropped to less than 1% at 6 months and remained stable until 48 months after IRE. Major AEs (Grade 3 or above) were rare. Conclusion: For men with localized prostate cancer, IRE could achieve good urinary and sexual function outcomes and a reasonable oncological result. The real-world data are consistent with earlier studies, including recently published randomized controlled studies. The long-term oncological results need further investigation and follow-up.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-9a6694d246", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:zhang", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-214d7dc8c642" }, { "id": "ref-69fb2b0d5b6d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Synergistically Augmenting Cancer Immunotherapy by Physical Manipulation of Pyroptosis Induction", "authors": "Zhao", "year": 2024, "journal": "Phenomics", "doi": "10.1007/s43657-023-00140-y", "pmid": "39398428", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Pyroptosis is a newly recognized type of programmed cell death mediated by the gasdermin family and caspase. It is characterized by the formation of inflammasomes and the following inflammatory responses. Recent studies have elucidated the value of pyroptosis induction in cancer treatment. The inflammatory cytokines produced during pyroptosis can trigger immune responses to suppress malignancy. Physical approaches for cancer treatment, including radiotherapy, light-based techniques (photodynamic and photothermal therapy), ultrasound-based techniques (sonodynamic therapy and focused ultrasound), and electricity-based techniques (irreversible electroporation and radiofrequency ablation), are effective in clinical application. Recent studies have reported that pyroptosis is involved in the treatment process of physical approaches. Manipulating pyroptosis using physical approaches can be utilized in combating cancer, according to recent studies. Pyroptosis-triggered immunotherapy can be combined with the original anti-tumor methods to achieve a synergistic therapy and improve the therapeutic effect. Studies have also revealed that enhancing pyroptosis may increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to some physical approaches. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of the literature focusing on the associations between pyroptosis and various physical approaches for cancer and its underlying mechanisms. We also discussed the role of pyroptosis-triggered immunotherapy in the treatment process of physical manipulation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4ed2731a558d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Anesthesia for Irreversible Electroporation in Patients with a Pacemaker", "authors": "Araújo et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth", "doi": "10.1053/j.jvca.2025.03.025", "pmid": "40189444", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Anesthesia for Irreversible Electroporation in Patients with a Pacemaker Guilherme Freitas Ara\u0001 ujo, MD, TSA*, Marcelo Froeder Arcuri, MDy, Veronica Neves Fialho Queiroz, MD, PhD*, Guilherme Moratti Gilberto, MDy,,1 Priscila Mina Falsarella, MD, PhDy , Guilherme Cayres Mariotti, MD, PhDy, Rodrigo Gobbo Garcia, MD, PhDy * Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S~ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil Center of Interventional Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S~ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil y Key Words: irreversible electroporation; pacemaker; anesthesia; non\u0002operating room anesthesia Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablative therapy of solid tumors that induces the formation of nanopores in the cell membrane through high-voltage electrical pulses.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-4f058beb69ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Toward Large Ablations With Single-Needle High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation In Vivo", "authors": "Aycock et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2024.3468159", "pmid": "39320996", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally thermal tissue ablation modality used to treat solid tumors adjacent to critical structures. Widespread clinical adoption of IRE has been limited due to complicated anesthetic management requirements and technical demands associated with placing multiple needle…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f0f616051d66", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal irreversible electroporation for the treatment of localised prostate cancer: a systematic review", "authors": "Cheng", "year": 2025, "journal": "Transl Androl Urol", "doi": "10.21037/tau-2025-678", "pmid": "41522319", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown promising initial oncological and functional outcomes in the treatment of localised prostate cancer (PCa), although robust evidence to support its efficacy and optimal utilisation is still maturing. We aim to summarise the oncological outcomes, functional…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a4b80cc0a37e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "In Situ Vaccination by Tumor Ablation Principles and Prospects for Systemic Antitumor Immunity", "authors": "Chikovani et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Vaccines (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines13111114", "pmid": "41295487", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cancer immunotherapy has redefined oncology's goals, aiming for durable systemic immunity rather than mere cytoreduction. However, many solid tumors remain refractory due to immunosuppressive microenvironments and antigenic heterogeneity. Local tumor ablation techniques-including radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE), and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-are being re-evaluated beyond their historic cytoreductive role. This comprehensive review synthesizes the paradigm of tumor ablation as an in situ vaccination strategy, a concept that leverages the tumor itself as a source of antigens and the ablation process to generate endogenous adjuvants. We detail the mechanistic underpinnings, highlighting how ablation induces immunogenic cell death (ICD), releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as calreticulin, ATP, HMGB1, and cytosolic DNA. These signals activate innate immunity via pathways like cGAS-STING, promote dendritic cell maturation, and facilitate epitope spreading. We critically examine the determinants of efficacy, including the critical impact of ablation modality on the \"DAMP signature,\" the necessity of complete ablation, and the pivotal role of the host's immune contexture. Furthermore, we explore the induction of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) as a key anatomical site for sustained immune priming. Translational strategies are extensively discussed, focusing on optimizing procedural techniques, rationally combining ablation with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and innate immune agonists, and developing a robust biomarker framework. By adopting the core principles of vaccinology-meticulous attention to antigen, adjuvant, route, and schedule-ablation can be engineered into a reproducible platform for systemic immunotherapy. This review concludes by addressing current limitations and outlining a roadmap for clinical translation, positioning interventional oncology as a central discipline in the future of immuno-oncology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-09515168a0b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Transient Lymphatic Remodeling Follows Sub-Ablative High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Therapy in a 4T1 Murine Model", "authors": "Esparza", "year": 2025, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-024-03674-y", "pmid": "39998766", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a minimally invasive local ablation therapy known to activate the adaptive immune system and reprogram the tumor microenvironment. Its predecessor, irreversible electroporation (IRE), transiently increases microvascular density and immune cell infiltration within the surviving non-ablated and non-necrotic tumor region, also known as the viable tumor region. However, the impact of pulse electric field therapies on lymphatic vessels, crucial for T-cell fate and maturation, remains unclear. This study investigates how sub-ablative H-FIRE (SA-HFIRE) affects lymphatic and blood microvascular remodeling in the 4T1 mammary mouse model. We conducted a temporal and spatial analysis to evaluate vascular changes in the viable tumor, peritumoral fat pad, and tumor-draining lymph node post-treatment. Histological examination showed a transient increase in blood vessel density on Day 1 post-treatment, followed by a spike in lymphatic vessel density in the viable tumor region on Day 3 post-treatment, increased lymphatic vessel density in the peripheral fat pad, and minimal remodeling of the tumor-draining lymph node within 3 days following treatment. Gene expression analysis indicated elevated levels of CCL21 and CXCL2 on Day 1 post-treatment, while VEGFA and VEGFC did not appear to contribute to vascular remodeling. Likewise, CCL21 protein content in tumor-draining axillary lymph nodes correlated with gene expression data from the viable tumor region. These findings suggest a dynamic shift in lymphatic and blood microvascular structures post-SA-HFIRE, potentially enhancing the adaptive immune response through CCL21-mediated lymphatic homing and subsequent lymph node microvascular remodeling. Future work will assess the immune and transport function of the microvasculature to inform experiments aimed at the application of adjuvant therapies during scenarios of tumor partial ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b9eb807862f6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A characterization of the reversibly electroporated penumbra during irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Flak et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancer Treat Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100985", "pmid": "40907202", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel anticancer ablative treatment, which has been proposed to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in the periphery of the ablated area by capturing chemotherapy intracellularly. The aim of the current trial was to characterize the ablated lesion to get spatial…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-159952c3ae05", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Modeling Tissue Electroporation: Effects of Electric Field Direction Change Between Pulses and Increased Conductivity in Post-IRE Regions", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2025.3543237", "pmid": "40031793", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tissue ablation technique that induces tissue ablation by applying high-voltage pulses through electrodes. In this paper, an improved numerical model for tissue IRE ablation, which includes the influence of electric field direction change between pulses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c63a6e2366a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Study protocol for a single-centre non-inferior double-blinded randomised controlled trial in China comparing the efficacy and safety of high-frequency irreversible electroporation with transurethral resection of the prostate in treating lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic obstruction (the GIANT trial)", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2024-092489", "pmid": "39788775", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold standard surgical treatment to lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic obstruction (LUTS/BPO). Although it has been proven to have substantial efficacy in improving functional outcomes, it has shown a high incidence of complications…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8c882393aeca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal therapy in prostate cancer and advances in the use of androgen blockade", "authors": "Hernandez", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Urol", "doi": "10.3389/fruro.2025.1599763", "pmid": "41246549", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Focal therapy (FT) for localized prostate cancer (PCa) has evolved into a precision-based alternative to radical treatments, aiming to eradicate clinically significant disease while minimizing functional morbidity. This review provides an updated and critical synthesis of the current landscape of FT, emphasizing the central role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and fusion biopsy in patient selection, treatment planning, and post-therapy evaluation. mpMRI enables accurate lesion characterization, identification of index lesions, and tailored ablation with energy sources such as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryotherapy, irreversible electroporation (IRE), vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP), and interstitial laser therapy (ILT). Across modalities, continence preservation exceeds 90%, and erectile function is maintained in up to 100% of patients, underscoring the functional safety of FT. While current evidence supports FT as an oncologically sound option for low- and select intermediate-risk disease, data from phase III trials remain scarce. Emerging strategies integrating androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with FT show promise in enhancing tumor control, particularly in high-risk, large-volume, or anatomically complex cases. Preliminary studies suggest synergistic benefits without increasing toxicity, though definitive long-term evidence is lacking. This review highlights how the convergence of advanced imaging, ablative technology, and systemic modulation may redefine the therapeutic paradigm of localized PCa. Further prospective, comparative trials are essential to establish the optimal combination strategies, refine patient selection, and confirm durable oncological and functional outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-49017fb417d6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Comparative Analysis of Systemic Immune Responses and Metastatic Risks in Tumor Ablation: An Animal Study of Radiofrequency Ablation and Irreversible Electroporation with Immune Modulation", "authors": "Hirata et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-024-03938-z", "pmid": "39789251", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study aimed to compare systemic immune responses and metastatic effects induced by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) in murine tumor models. We assessed cytokine production, growth of treated and untreated metastatic tumors, and synergy with immune checkpoint inhibitors…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5d52e62d3ed4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Real-Time Monitoring of Thermal Outcomes in Irreversible Electroporation Therapy Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors", "authors": "Korganbayev et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc", "doi": "10.1109/EMBC58623.2025.11254607", "pmid": "41337094", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) represents a minimally invasive and non-thermal method for tumor ablation, which induces cell death through short high-voltage pulses applied via two needle electrodes inserted directly into the tumor tissue. The main advantage of this approach lies in its non-thermal nature, which…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-92c9b3f15617", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Enhanced Tumor Ablation and Immune Activation Via Irreversible Electroporation and Functionalized Vermiculite Nanosheets", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Small", "doi": "10.1002/smll.202411879", "pmid": "40072320", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive, non-thermal tumor ablation technique that induces nanoscale membrane perforation, leading to immunogenic cell death (ICD). However, IRE alone is limited by uneven electric field attenuation, incomplete tumor ablation, and the immunosuppressive nature of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-adc9625ce5e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation combined with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 therapy promotes tumor antigen-specific CD8 + T cell response", "authors": "Ma et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.101991", "pmid": "40092962", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel local tumor ablation approach with the potential to activate the host's immune system. However, this approach is insufficient to prevent cancer progression, and complementary approaches are required for effective immunotherapy. Aim: To assess the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5a18691c4cd0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mathematical modeling of the effect of stent construction during endoluminal IRE for recanalization of an occluded metal stent", "authors": "Matkulcik et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2025.2520362", "pmid": "40599127", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Intraluminal irreversible electroporation (IRE) can be used for recanalizing occluded metal stents. However, optimal IRE parameters for consistent effects across different stent designs remain unclear. The aim of this study was to simulate the process of stent recanalization in silico by employing finite…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-079c67e417b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Alters Proteomic Profiles and Tropism of Small Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Promote Immune Cell Infiltration", "authors": "Murphy", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cells", "doi": "10.3390/cells14221782", "pmid": "41294835", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kan-Beyin Bariyeri Geçirgenliğinin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a nonthermal tumor ablation technique that disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in a focal and reversible manner. However, the mechanisms underlying this disruption remain poorly understood, particularly the role of small tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (sTDEVs) released from ablated tumor cells. In this study, we investigate the proteomic and functional alterations of sTDEVs released from F98 glioma and LL/2 Lewis lung carcinoma cells following H-FIRE ablation. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed 108 unique proteins in sTDEVs derived from ablative doses of H-FIRE, which are capable of disrupting the BBB in an in vitro model. Proteomic analysis of TDEVs highlights key changes in pathways related to integrin signaling, Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) signaling, and ubiquitination, which may underline their interactions with brain endothelial cells. These \"disruptive\" sTDEVs exhibit enhanced tropism for cerebral endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo, where they persist in the brain longer than sTDEVs released after non-ablative H-FIRE doses. Notably, when introduced into a healthy Fischer rat model, disruptive sTDEVs are associated with increased recruitment of Iba1+ immune cells, suggesting a potential role in modulating post-ablation immune responses. However, despite their altered protein composition, these vesicles do not directly increase BBB permeability in vivo. This study is the first to demonstrate that electroporation-based tumor ablation significantly alters the composition and functionality of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles, potentially influencing the tumor microenvironment post-ablation. These findings have important implications for developing multimodal treatment strategies that combine H-FIRE with systemic therapies to enhance efficacy while managing the peritumoral microenvironment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9fe61ea53c60", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Canady Helios Cold Plasma Induces Non-Thermal (24 °C), Non-Contact Irreversible Electroporation and Selective Tumor Cell Death at Surgical Margins", "authors": "Murthy", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17233869", "pmid": "41375070", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: The Canady Helios Cold Plasma (CHCP) system is a non-thermal, non-contact cold atmospheric plasma technology that generates transient electric fields and reactive species capable of disrupting cancer cell membranes. This study investigated the voltage-dependent membrane irreversible electroporation (IRE) dynamics induced by CHCP across biologically distinct breast cancer subtypes. Methods: Four breast cancer cell lines, triple-negative (MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T), ER + /PR + /HER2 - (MCF-7), and ER + /PR + /HER2 + (BT-474), were exposed to CHCP for 5 min at 25 V (~1675 V/cm PTEF) or 30 V (~2010 V/cm), either directly or with Plasma Activated Media (PAM). Membrane permeability was assessed by propidium iodide (PI) uptake over 120 min. Morphological changes were evaluated microscopically. Functional electroporation was examined via BCL2A1-targeting si RNA delivery and clonogenic survival. Ex vivo analyses of Phase I clinical trial tumor specimens (NCT04267575) were performed to characterize CHCP-induced tissue responses. Results: CHCP produced voltage- and time-dependent membrane permeabilization in all breast cancer cell lines, with 30 V generating robust and sustained PI uptake compared to transient effects at 25 V. Treated cells exhibited morphological features consistent with membrane disruption. CHCP enabled intracellular siRNA delivery and significantly reduced clonogenic potential, confirming functional pore formation. Ex vivo CHCP treatment selectively damaged tumor cells while sparing adjacent non-cancerous tissue. Conclusions: This study demonstrates CHCP as a non-thermal (24 °C), non-contact plasma-based IRE platform which induces controlled membrane permeabilization and selective cancer cell death. CHCP offers a translational strategy to eradicate residual tumor cells at the surgical margins, and prevent local recurrence, positioning it as a versatile adjunct in precision surgical oncology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b7a07a5a641d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Evaluating the immune response in a murine cancer model between irreversible electroporation and an advanced biphasic pulsed electric field technology", "authors": "Nafie", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2025.1592610", "pmid": "40630200", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Intoduction: Non-thermal ablation, including irreversible electroporation (IRE) and Aliya®, an advanced biphasic pulsed electric field (aPEF) technology, have emerged as effective tumor ablation approaches, particularly in sensitive anatomical locations. These methods not only ablate tumors but also may stimulate immune responses. Methods: This study compares the immunological impact of biphasic aPEF and IRE in a murine breast cancer model. Equal-sized tumor ablations were performed using both technologies, followed by analysis of cytokine profiles, immune cell populations, tumor growth, and overall survival. Results: aPEF induced a differentiated tumor microenvironment four days post-ablation compared to IRE, with greater intratumoral infiltration of T-cells, B-cells, increased M1 macrophages, and decreased myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Analysis of systemic circulating immunocytes 14 days post-ablation showed elevated levels of B-cells, CD4 and CD8 T-cells (including memory subpopulations) in the aPEF-ablated groups. aPEF also resulted in better control of ablated and contralateral tumor growth, leading to improved median survival. Discussion: This study demonstrates that the specific biphasic aPEF system evaluated here induces a stronger immunostimulatory effect and superior tumor control compared to IRE, supporting the notion that not all non-thermal ablation is equal, and each may be better suited to different objectives. Further clinical investigations into the potential for better clinical outcomes from this specific advanced pulsed electric field technology is warranted.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1e38e8b4a2ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Perioperative complications of focal therapy for prostate cancer: results from the GeRmAn Nationwide inpatient Data (GRAND) study", "authors": "Pyrgidis", "year": 2025, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.16746", "pmid": "40251973", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: To compare the perioperative complications of the most common focal therapy (FT) modalities for prostate cancer. Patients and methods: We assessed the GeRmAn Nationwide inpatient Data (GRAND) from 2005 to 2023, provided by the Research Data Center of the Federal Bureau of Statistics. We compared perioperative outcomes of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), hyperthermia, irreversible electroporation of the prostate, cryotherapy, vascular photodynamic therapy of the prostate (VTP), and transurethral ultrasound ablation, as well as HIFU vs non-HIFU treatments in general. Furthermore, we evaluated the role of concomitant transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on perioperative complications. Finally, the complication rate of FT was also compared to brachytherapy and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Results: A total of 10 544 underwent FT. Most patients received HIFU (92%). The number of FT cases performed annually has been steadily decreasing. The most prevalent complication (9.6%) was urinary tract infection (HIFU: 10%, hyperthermia: 6.2%, cryotherapy: 6.8%, VTP: 3.9%). Haematuria was observed in 3.6% of all cases. In the multivariable regression, HIFU was associated with higher rates of urinary tract infections (10% vs 5.2%, P < 0.001) but lower rates of haematuria (3.4% vs 5.5%, P < 0.001) and admission to the intensive care unit (0.7% vs 2.2%, P < 0.001) compared to non-HIFU procedures. Concomitant TURP was associated with higher transfusion (P < 0.001), haematuria (P < 0.001), sepsis (P = 0.001), and urinary retention rates (P = 0.03). Most perioperative complications were statistically significantly worse in patients undergoing FT compared to brachytherapy, while most perioperative complications were better after FT vs robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Conclusions: In the largest epidemiological comparative study on the risk of complications of the most common FT for prostate cancer, we were able to show an overall low risk of perioperative complications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5581a1e2ccee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Oncological and Functional Outcomes of Hemi-Ablation Versus Focal Ablation for Localized Prostate Cancer Using Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Suberville", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17132084", "pmid": "40647385", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background : Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablative treatment modality for localized prostate cancer and aims at achieving oncological control while minimizing the related side effects. We present the functional and oncological outcomes of focal IRE ablation versus hemi-ablation from a single-center patient series. Methods : Men with histologically confirmed low-intermediate risk prostate cancer received focal IRE ablation or hemi-ablation. All the patients were recommended an MRI-targeted fusion biopsy plus systematic biopsy at 1 year post-IRE ablation. The functional outcomes were measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaires. Results : In total, 106 patients were recruited in this study. The median follow-up time was 24 months (IQR 15-36). Overall, 94 patients underwent repeat prostate biopsy at 12 months after IRE. Persistent tumor was detected in 72.2% in the focal ablation group and in 31% in the hemi-ablation group ( p < 0.001). Clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason ≥ 3 + 4) was detected in 25% in the focal ablation group and in 8.6% in the hemi-ablation group ( p = 0.003). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of IPSS and IIEF at each follow-up time point. Conclusion : For men with localized low-intermediate risk prostate cancer, hemi-IRE ablation treatment displayed better oncological control than focal ablation without compromising on functional or sexual outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-869557a467e7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Established focal therapy-HIFU, IRE, or cryotherapy-where are we now?-a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Tay", "year": 2025, "journal": "Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis", "doi": "10.1038/s41391-024-00911-2", "pmid": "39468217", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Focal Therapy (FT) is a treatment option for the treatment of limited volume clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). We aim to systematically review outcomes of established FT modalities to assess the contemporary baseline and identify gaps in evidence that will aid in further trial and study…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2e4a7ebdb5c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Near Gastrointestinal Structures: Early Signals, Clinical Relevance and Risk, and a Call for Comparative Data", "authors": "Tewari et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-025-04308-z", "pmid": "41413731", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-2d9b168164b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Leveraging the Immunological Impacts of Irreversible Electroporation as a New Frontier for Cancer Therapy", "authors": "Vallin et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng", "doi": "10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-082223-054259", "pmid": "39903863", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermally mediated tissue ablation modality that makes use of short pulsed electric fields to destroy cancerous lesions in situ. In the past two decades, IRE has established itself not only as an effective means to ablate small, unresectable tumor masses but also as a tool particularly qualified to modulate the tumor microenvironment in a way that dismantles pathways of cancer immunosuppression and permits the development of a systemic antitumor immune response. However, despite its immune-stimulating tendencies, for most cancers conventional IRE alone is insufficient to establish an immune response robust enough to fully eliminate disseminated disease and prevent recurrence. Here, we describe the current understanding of the histological and immunological effects of IRE, as well as recent efforts to optimize IRE parameters and develop rational combination therapies to increase the efficacy of the resulting immune response.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0f285e7d45c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation suppresses invasion and metastasis by targeting SIRT1/2 in highly invasive tumor cells: an in vitro study", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109036", "pmid": "40578231", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Sirtuin proteins have key roles in cancer progression and metastases. However, their role in bioelectrical modulation via high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) remains poorly defined. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism by which H-FIRE suppresses invasion and metastasis in highly…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1665b73a95ae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Potential targets for synergistic bipolar irreversible electroporation in tumor suppression through transcriptomics and proteomics analysis", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Gene", "doi": "10.1016/j.gene.2025.149420", "pmid": "40101841", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Previous studies have demonstrated that synergistic bipolar irreversible electroporation (SBIRE) is a promising non-thermal tumor ablation technique that effectively targets tumors without causing muscle contractions. Despite its clinical potential, the mechanistic understanding of SBIRE's tumor-suppressive effects…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-aad827be0f00", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "High-Throughput Capable Three-Dimensional Tissue Model for Quantification of Electroporation Thresholds", "authors": "Williamson et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/68494", "pmid": "40920759", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a promising technology utilizing electrical pulses for macromolecule delivery and soft-tissue ablation, with applications that include next-generation prophylactics and the treatment of genetic diseases such as cancer. This study demonstrates a high-throughput capable 3D tissue culture model for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4a4a69d45c1d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Impact of Voltage on the Production on Spherical Ablations for Integrated Time Nanosecond Pulse Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Williamson et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1177/25763113251381088", "pmid": "41868439", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To study the safety and reproducibility of high-voltage integrated nanosecond pulse irreversible electroporation (INSPIRE) administered through a single applicator and grounding pad approach in a healthy liver model. Methods: A percutaneous approach to the liver was made under ultrasound guidance in female…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-13082fcfc640", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A preliminary follow-up study on irreversible electroporation therapy in older patients with prostate cancer", "authors": "Xia", "year": 2025, "journal": "Discov Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12672-025-02025-0", "pmid": "40053175", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Prostate cancer is a prevalent condition among older males, with radical prostatectomy being the standard treatment. However, this procedure can inevitably impact urinary and sexual functions. Irreversible electroporation represents an innovative therapeutic approach that employs high-voltage electrical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5ad4e5aae94f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Real-world safety of irreversible electroporation therapy for tumors with nanoknife: MAUDE database analysis", "authors": "Xiang", "year": 2025, "journal": "BMC Surg", "doi": "10.1186/s12893-025-03136-9", "pmid": "40851065", "studyType": null, "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique using high-voltage, low-energy pulses to induce cell membrane perforation and cell death. As an emerging therapy, IRE has gained increasing application in local tumor treatment, with Nanoknife being the most widely used device. Despite…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3a39df0e3b63", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation combined with checkpoint blockade stimulates antitumor immune response in a hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model", "authors": "Xing et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.110166", "pmid": "40977659", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) represents an innovative localized technique for tumor ablation, possessing the capacity to activate the immune response of the host. However, this method alone is inadequate to halt cancer progression, necessitating the integration of additional strategies to achieve…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fbab5bd766c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electroacoustic tomography with dual-frequency array for real-time monitoring of electroporation", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.", "doi": "10.1142/S1793545825500269", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroacoustic Tomography (EAT) is an imaging technique that detects ultrasound waves induced by electrical pulses, offering a solution for real-time electroporation monitoring. This study presents EAT system using a dual-frequency ultrasound array. The broadband nature of electroacoustic signals requires ultrasound detector to cover both the high-frequency range (around [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]MHz) signals generated by small targets and the low-frequency range (around [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]MHz) signals generated by large targets. In our EAT system, we use the 6 MHz array to detect high-frequency signals from the electrodes, and the 1 MHz array for the electrical field. To test this, we conducted simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics[Formula: see text] and MATLAB’s k-Wave toolbox, followed by experiments using a custom-built setup with a dual-frequency transducer and real-time data acquisition. The results demonstrated that the dual-frequency EAT system could accurately and simultaneously monitor the electroporation process, effectively showing both the treatment area and electrode placement with the application of 1[Formula: see text]kV electric pulses with 100[Formula: see text]ns duration. The axial resolution of the 6[Formula: see text]MHz array for EAT was 0.45[Formula: see text]mm, significantly better than the 2[Formula: see text]mm resolution achieved with the 1[Formula: see text]MHz array. These findings validate the potential of dual-frequency EAT as a superior method for real-time electroporation monitoring.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-22211509a67c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Exploratory Study of the Effects of Irreversible Electroporation on Atherosclerotic Plaque in a Rabbit Model", "authors": "Ye et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Transl Res", "doi": "10.1007/s12265-025-10687-y", "pmid": "41107572", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "This study evaluated the effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal ablation method, on carotid atherosclerotic plaques induced by high-fat feeding combined with balloon dilation in 30 rabbits. Carotid plaques were subjected to IRE ablation (1000 V/cm alone, 2000 V/cm alone, or 1000 V/cm with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c31c23a5f6b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for the Focal Treatment of Prostate Cancer A Systematic Review", "authors": "Zhang", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Mens Health", "doi": "10.5534/wjmh.240012", "pmid": "39028129", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising alternative treatment for low-intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer. In this systematic review we aim to evaluate the safety profile and functional and oncological outcomes of this new technique. Materials and methods: A systematic review of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-837b156f0e46", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Multiple action potentials and complex calcium dynamics following electroporation of S-HEK cells depend on gap junction coupling", "authors": "Batista Napotnik et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-63712-8", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "In recent years, irreversible electroporation has been increasingly used to treat cardiac arrhythmias, an approach termed pulsed field ablation. The mechanisms of how electroporation affects the generation and propagation of action potentials (AP) in the myocardium (and other excitable tissues) remain to be elucidated. In our previous in vitro studies using genetically engineered S-HEK cells as a simple model of excitable cells we identified two unexpected phenomena that remain unexplained: (1) multiple APs triggered by a single electric pulse, and (2) a pulse-induced complex (bi- or multiphasic) calcium response not observed in their non-excitable counterparts NS-HEK cells. In this study, we employed fluorescence microscopy for optical monitoring of APs and intracellular calcium, pharmacological interventions targeting specific ion channels, and molecular biology techniques to characterize the expression of selected ion channels in S-HEK and NS-HEK cells. Our findings show that (1) multiple APs result primarily from sustained AP propagation along the cell monolayer through gap junctions, and (2) the complex calcium response in S-HEK cells reflects synchronized calcium influx during these propagating APs, with extracellular calcium being primary source rather than internal store release.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-17078e87cdab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The abscopal effect of IRE combined with anti-PD-1 achieves local ablation and systemic control of PDAC", "authors": "Cao et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "bioRxiv", "doi": "10.64898/2026.05.04.722535", "pmid": "42146443", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown promise for treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but whether IRE can induce an abscopal effect is not established. We demonstrated that the combination of IRE and anti-PD-1 antibody could trigger robust abscopal effects in preclinical models of metastatic PDAC. Data from multiple in vivo models, RNA-seq, scRNA-seq, and spatial immunofluorescence provide compelling evidence that IRE induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular stress, which triggered activation of the cGAS-STING pathway and subsequent systemic antitumor effects. IRE also led to inflammatory response characterized by tumor infiltration of myeloid cells and their polarization toward M1 state, turning immunologically \"cold\" tumors into \"hot\" tumors. Moreover, the presence of T cell/B cell clusters in tumors from mice treated with IRE plus αPD-1 and the lack of antitumor efficacy in B cell knockout mice bearing orthotopic murine PDAC tumors indicate that B cells play an important role in IRE-mediated systemic antitumor immunity.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "public-domain" }, { "id": "ref-d8957ef8927a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Prediction of Tissue Ablation Zones in Asymmetric High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Incorporating Dynamic Conductivity and Dielectric Dispersion", "authors": "Chen et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2026.3720201", "pmid": "42550741", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: Asymmetric pulse waveforms represent an optimized treatment protocol for high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE), offering a lower ablation threshold compared to symmetric waveforms. However, the impact of waveform asymmetry has not been considered in current numerical models aimed at…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1172094cba3a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Integrated Diagnosis and Therapy Using Flexible Contact Electrodes: Low-Voltage Irreversible Electroporation and Quantitative Assessment of Therapeutic Efficacy", "authors": "Cheng et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-025-03935-4", "pmid": "41569366", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive, non-thermal, and cell-selective technique. When combined with the noninvasive nature of contact electrodes, they hold great promise for the treatment of cardiac conditions, gastrointestinal tumors, and superficial lesions. However, its broader clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3426dc1d7470", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Hybrid learning/numerical framework for fast and robust electric field simulation in irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Desier et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Comput Methods Programs Biomed", "doi": "10.1016/j.cmpb.2026.109408", "pmid": "42092368", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) represents a promising non-thermal ablation modality for the treatment of deep-seated tumors. However, its clinical efficacy is critically dependent on the accurate, patient-specific distribution of the electric field. While advanced numerical solvers offer physically…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-67a05826997c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "bas-ve-boyun-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Baş-Boyun ve Orbita", "title": "Cone-beam computed tomography-guided navigation-assisted irreversible electroporation for recurrent cervical lymph node metastasis: technical feasibility and early experience", "authors": "Faiella et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Diagn Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.4274/dir.2025.253653", "pmid": "41914441", "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablative technique that preserves vessels and nerves, making it suitable for tumors in anatomically complex regions. We report the technical application of IRE combined with cone-beam computed tomography infrared navigation for recurrent cervical lymphadenopathy from…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-47059bd8426e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Tumor ablation: emerging uses, challenges, and strategic implementation. A green paper by the Network of Expertise in Cancer (JANE-2), High Tech Medical Resources, network on Physical Methods of Tumor Ablation", "authors": "Gehl et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2026-0030", "pmid": "42359759", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The field of oncology has witnessed remarkable progress with the integration of high-tech innovations in tumor ablation. Tumor ablation therapies, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation (Cryo), irreversible electroporation (IRE), and electrochemotherapy (ECT) have evolved beyond…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a9af1686e42a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Effect of electroporation on neuronal excitability under H-FIRE pulses", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109109", "pmid": "40961504", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Deneysel Sistem", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The traditional Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model is mainly applicable to neuronal excitability under low electric fields but ails at high field intensities. In this study, an improved HH model incorporating electroporation (EP) current was proposed. Simulation results showed that under a classical IRE pulse (100 μs…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4de9bf9ca677", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Electrochemical tumor ablation Applications and future prospects", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Current Opinion in Electrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101809", "pmid": null, "studyType": null, "model": null, "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-b2c5c25e09f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Biomimetic Nanogels Programmed for Irreversible-Electroporation-Primed Tumor Microenvironments to Elicit Durable Antitumor Immunity", "authors": "Han et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Biomater Res", "doi": "10.34133/bmr.0359", "pmid": "42369083", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) remodels the tumor microenvironment to enhance biomaterial and nanoparticle (NP) delivery and immune activation, making combinational IRE-nanomedicine a promising approach for effective cancer treatment. Here, we present a rational combination strategy that integrates IRE-induced immune modulation with M1 macrophage-membrane (M1-m)-coated nanogels to amplify and prolong antitumor immune responses. Transcriptomic and immunological profiling after IRE revealed a transient up-regulation of immune and inflammatory pathways, particularly the recruitment of macrophages and dendritic cells, followed by a rapid decline over time. To exploit this transient inflammatory state, we engineered an M1-m-coated nanogel hydrogel co-loaded with graphene quantum dots as a fluorescence probe and the immune modulator zoledronic acid (M1-GAZ). The IRE-enhanced tumor-targeting efficiency of M1-m-coated NPs was confirmed by comparing the tumor-targeting efficiency with other NP formulations including gold NPs (negatively or positively charged), lipid-based NPs (liposomes and lipid NPs, negatively or positively charged), and macrophage (M0 or M1) cell-membrane-coated NPs. Subsequently, the combination of IRE with intravenously injected M1-GAZ markedly increased the infiltration of activated macrophages and dendritic cells, resulting in superior tumor suppression and prolonged survival compared to monotherapies. This study demonstrates that engineering biomimetic M1-m-coated nanogels to synergize with IRE-induced tumor microenvironment remodeling enables selective delivery and durable immune activation, providing a robust platform for synergistic IRE cancer immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9b012108bb68", "idBasis": "file", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "An FEM Model of Cell Membrane Electroporation in Single and Multiple Aggregates of Biological Cells for IRE Applications", "authors": "Hossain", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": null, "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Tez", "sourceNote": "tez", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": null, "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Tez", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-0571e415fba8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Biomaterial-Integrated Electroporation for Therapeutic Delivery: From Gene Editing to Tumor Ablation and Immune Modulation", "authors": "Ji et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Small", "doi": "10.1002/smll.74313", "pmid": "42338313", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation has evolved from a membrane-permeabilization method into a versatile therapeutic platform for intracellular delivery, locoregional tumor intervention, and bioelectrically regulated treatment. Depending on pulse intensity and duration, electroporation operates in two distinct modes: reversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d477e4f28cf4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Comparative Analysis of Electric Current Generated During Irreversible Electroporation in Prostate,", "authors": "Jordan-Diaz et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "2026 Global Medical Engineering Physics Exchanges/ Pan American Health Care Exchanges (GMEPE/PAHCE)", "doi": "10.1109/GMEPE/PAHCE69420.2026.11550277", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique used for the treatment of soft tissue tumors when thermal ablation is not feasible. Treatment outcome depends on tissue electrical properties, electrode configuration, and the electric current generated during pulse delivery. In this work, a finite…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "IEEE kongre bildirisi", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fabdcab8679c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for partial gland ablation clinical application and outcomes", "authors": "Liu", "year": 2026, "journal": "Prostate Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.prnil.2025.08.002", "pmid": "41908229", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men. Radical treatments such as radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy can be associated with morbidity that impact quality of life. Focal therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to radical whole-gland treatment, with irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f8914c87411d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Spatial multiomics reveals irreversible electroporation-induced immuno-metabolic characteristics of the inflammatory margin in liver cancer", "authors": "Liu", "year": 2026, "journal": "Commun Biol", "doi": "10.1038/s42003-026-09742-4", "pmid": "41714782", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Although irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an approved ablation therapy for liver cancer, the border of the IRE-induced inflammatory margin (IM) remains poorly defined, posing a challenge for investigating IRE-specific immune and metabolic alterations within this area. To address this, we employed a male C57BL/6…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-10d85d960ded", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Fundamental Research Into and Clinical Translation of Tumor Irreversible Electroporation‐Based Ablation Therapy Devices", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "iRADIOLOGY", "doi": "10.1002/ird3.70068", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging tumor ablation technique that induces permanent damage to cellular membranes through the application of high‐intensity short‐duration electrical pulses. This process results in the formation of nanoscale pores within the cell membrane, and when the electric field…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-901f8cdccddb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Clinical Applications of Electrical Conductivity Imaging Using MRI", "authors": "Mandija et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Magn Reson Imaging", "doi": "10.1002/jmri.70279", "pmid": "41795132", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a noninvasive technique for probing the electrical properties of biological tissues: electrical conductivity and relative permittivity. This review focuses on the electrical conductivity and provides a comprehensive overview of applications across both low- and high-frequency regimes. At low frequencies (below 1 MHz), conductivity mapping primarily reflects tissue microstructure and ionic composition. In contrast, at high frequencies (around 100 MHz), tissue conductivity primarily reflects ionic composition. First, we summarize the theoretical foundations, technical developments, and reconstruction algorithms that underpin conductivity imaging, highlighting advances in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography, current density imaging, and electrical properties tomography. The main part of the article discusses preclinical and clinical applications, demonstrating the potential and possible roles of conductivity imaging in clinical settings, along with current challenges and emerging applications. Finally, we outline future directions toward integrating conductivity imaging into routine MRI protocols, with the potential to enhance diagnostic precision and therapeutic monitoring. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 1. TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "unknown", "electroporationRegime": "unknown", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b106544860f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "The illusion of sharp boundaries unresolved issues in reversible and irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Miklavčič", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109416", "pmid": "42551298", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation has birthed two massive parallel universes of applications: medicine and food processing. Despite operating on the same fundamental physics, these fields fail to crosspollinate, limiting their advancement. The classical \"aqueous pore\" model and threshold-based definitions fail to explain the highly complex, multiparameter realities of molecular transport, cell death mechanisms, and tissue-level physiological responses. The fields often struggle to translate in vitro findings-where even varying cell lines yield conflicting results-into predictive clinical and industrial outcomes. Upscaling from small animals to humans, as well as from laboratory to industrial scale, often fails due to increasing biological complexity and variability. This translational chasm is exacerbated by a lack of multiscale and multiphysics modeling that couples electric fields with thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, and electrochemistry and most of all downstream effects of electroporation like cell death and changes in mass transport. Emerging clinical applications like Pulsed Field Ablation and therapies based on gene delivery represents a perplexing, multiparameter optimization problem that must balance electrical, thermal, and electrochemical constraints. This paper highlights critical deficiencies, explores the sharp boundary between reversible and irreversible electroporation, and calls for better reporting, standardized nomenclature, and interdisciplinary collaboration to elevate electroporation from an empirical to a universally predictive, robust science.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-db7bfa081218", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Anesthesia management in oncology patients undergoing irreversible electroporation outside the operating room: a case series", "authors": "Ozdemir Simsek et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "BMC Anesthesiol", "doi": "10.1186/s12871-026-03971-0", "pmid": "42219461", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation is a novel, non-thermal tumor ablation technique that induces cell death through electrical disruption of cellular membranes while preserving surrounding connective tissue structures. Despite its clinical advantages, the high-voltage pulses used during the procedure can provoke…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2319fbc64098", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Liquid Metal Nanoparticles-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage Enhances Immunogenic Cell Death for Cancer Vaccine Therapy", "authors": "Qi et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Adv Mater", "doi": "10.1002/adma.202520580", "pmid": "41486882", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cancer vaccines face limitations due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and the low immunogenicity of tumor antigens. Immunogenic cell death (ICD), triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction, provides a promising strategy to enhance tumor antigen release and immune activation. However, actively…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b9d495952aae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Advances in focal therapy for prostate cancer: current modalities, outcomes, and future directions", "authors": "Roldan-Testillano", "year": 2026, "journal": "Prostate Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.prnil.2025.07.002", "pmid": "41908235", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Focal therapy (FT) has emerged as a promising treatment option for localized prostate cancer (PCa), offering oncologic control with reduced adverse effects compared to radical therapies. Various energy modalities, such as high-intensity focused ultrasound, cryotherapy, irreversible electroporation, and focal laser…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e456b0502cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Aliya as High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation: A Call for Consistent Pulsed Electric Field Terminology in IR Literature", "authors": "Rouientan et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107988", "pmid": "41482151", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-73f818ed8da4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Production of Large Ellipsoidal Ablations Using Integrated Nanosecond Pulse Irreversible Electroporation Administered via a Single Applicator and Grounding Pad", "authors": "Sano et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108843", "pmid": "42107701", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To study the safety and reproducibility of high-voltage integrated nanosecond pulse irreversible electroporation (INSPIRE) administered through a single applicator and grounding pad approach in a healthy in vivo liver model. Materials and methods: A percutaneous approach to the liver was made under ultrasound…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bf0bab7d4533", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Enhances Solid Tumor Infiltration and Selective Cancer Cell Lysis by CAR T Cells", "authors": "Vista et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Clin Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-25-4159", "pmid": "41920765", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: One recurring challenge in cell therapy for solid tumors is poor tumor infiltration of adoptively transferred T cells. We previously showed that a subablative dose of tumor-targeted radiation generates a chemokine gradient that promotes infiltration, proliferation, and a memory phenotype of chimeric antigen…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-337371ed40f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for localized prostate cancer: risk-stratified oncologic outcomes and functional preservation", "authors": "Xia", "year": 2026, "journal": "Prostate Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.prnil.2025.09.004", "pmid": "41908232", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among men globally. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal ablation modality, selectively induces tumor cell apoptosis via high-voltage electrical pulses while sparing critical periprostatic structures. 10. (low-risk: 21…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ee2f7c159643", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "First-in-human single-cell and TCR atlas reveals peripheral immune remodeling before and after irreversible electroporation in prostate cancer", "authors": "Xiang", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Immunother Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/jitc-2025-014288", "pmid": "42128518", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide. Although radical prostatectomy effectively controls tumor progression, it often causes complications such as urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal ablation technique that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ee9a4e903c21", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "In Vivo Results of a New Focal Tissue Ablation Technique Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Edd et al", "year": 2006, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2006.873745", "pmid": "16830945", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "This paper reports results of in vivo experiments that confirm the feasibility of a new minimally invasive method for tissue ablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE). Electroporation is the generation of a destabilizing electric potential across biological membranes that causes the formation of nanoscale defects…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bf0c1d12f506", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Preclinical analysis of irreversible electroporation on rat liver tissues using a microfabricated electroporator", "authors": "Choi et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Tissue Eng Part C Methods", "doi": "10.1089/ten.tec.2009.0803", "pmid": "20192718", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "A microfabricated electroporator (MFE) for the irreversible electroporation (IRE) of tissues has been developed by miniaturizing a clinical electroporator with a two-needle array while keeping the same electric field strength distribution. Since IRE was brought to special attention as one of the local tissue ablation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b71b0859e06", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation therapy in the liver: longitudinal efficacy studies in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Cancer Res", "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3067", "pmid": "20124486", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an innovative local-regional therapy that involves delivery of intense electrical pulses to tissue to induce nanoscale cell membrane defects for tissue ablation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using IRE as a liver-directed ablation technique for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0a79c8374cd9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Advanced Hepatic Ablation Technique for Creating Complete Cell Death Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Lee et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.10090337", "pmid": "20413755", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in hepatic tissue ablation and the radiologic-pathologic correlation of IRE-induced cell death. Materials and methods: On approval of the animal research committee, 16 Yorkshire pigs underwent ultrasonography (US)-guided IRE of normal liver…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7df5163db626", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Renal Cell Carcinoma A First-in-Man Phase I Clinical Study", "authors": "Pech et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-010-9964-1", "pmid": "20711837", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a newly developed nonthermal tissue-ablation technique in which high-voltage electrical pulses of microsecond duration are applied to induce irreversible permeabilisation of the cell membrane, presumably through nanoscale defects in the lipid bilayer, leading to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-68ab6398086e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) a novel method for renal tissue ablation", "authors": "Tracy et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09797.x", "pmid": "21044244", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Objective: • To evaluate the effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on renal parenchyma and the renal collecting system in a porcine model. Materials and methods: • Eight female Yorkshire pigs underwent a series of laparoscopic ablations using either monopolar or bipolar IRE (Angiodynamics, Queensbury, NY…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-531fa059b6e6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "MR imaging to assess immediate response to irreversible electroporation for targeted ablation of liver tissues: preclinical feasibility studies in a rodent model", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.10091955", "pmid": "20656834", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To test the hypothesis that magnetic resonance (MR) imaging measurements can be used to immediately detect treated tissue regions after irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation procedures in rodent liver tissues. Materials and methods: All experiments received institutional animal care and use committee…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a4cf16806868", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of the liver and liver hilum in swine", "authors": "Charpentier et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1111/j.1477-2574.2010.00261.x", "pmid": "21309933", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel, non-thermal form of ablation. We studied the safety and efficacy of IRE for the ablation of liver tissue around the liver hilum. We also studied the ability of triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining (TTC) to predict the zone of ablation after IRE. Methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ecc8074d63bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation Lung Ablation Preliminary Results in a Porcine Model", "authors": "Deodhar et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-011-0143-9", "pmid": "21455641", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) uses direct electrical pulses to create permanent \"pores\" in cell membranes to cause cell death. In contrast to conventional modalities, IRE has a nonthermal mechanism of action. Our objective was to study the histopathological and imaging features of IRE in normal swine…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-aa3729969138", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Beyin Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "beyin-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Nonthermal irreversible electroporation for intracranial surgical applications. Laboratory investigation", "authors": "Ellis et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Neurosurg", "doi": "10.3171/2010.5.JNS091448", "pmid": "20560725", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Object: Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a novel, minimally invasive technique to treat cancer, which is unique because of its nonthermal mechanism of tumor ablation. This paper evaluates the safety of an NTIRE procedure to lesion normal canine brain tissue. Methods: The NTIRE procedure involved…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-751582e08aec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in the liver: contrast-enhanced inversion-recovery MR imaging approaches to differentiate reversibly electroporated penumbra from irreversibly electroporated ablation zones", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.10100645", "pmid": "21131581", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the use of contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with conventional T1-weighted gradient-recalled echo (GRE) and inversion-recovery (IR)-prepared GRE methods to quantitatively measure the size of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation zones in the liver in a rat model…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d364a215c1e3", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Liver Cancer", "authors": "Narayanan", "year": 2011, "journal": "Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)", "doi": null, "pmid": "21857833", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Govindarajan Narayanan, MD Chief of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami, Florida G&H How does the NanoKnife work? GN The NanoKnife (AngioDynamics) works on the principle of irreversible electroporation (IRE). Using this technology, a cell is subjected to a powerful electrical field using high-voltage direct current (up to 3 kV); this creates multiple holes in the cell membrane and irreversibly damages the cell’s homeostasis mechanism, leading to instant cell death. Reversible electroporation—in which up to 1 kV of energy is used to create reversible holes in cell membranes—has been available for some time and is used to enable chemotherapeutic agents to penetrate cells. Research by Rubinsky and colleagues at the University of California, Berkeley showed that increasing the energy to 3 kV resulted in permanent holes that cause cell death.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Gastroenterol Hepatol 7(5) roportaj", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-826b707d0028", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Angiography in the isolated perfused kidney: radiological evaluation of vascular protection in tissue ablation by nonthermal irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Wendler et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-011-0187-x", "pmid": "21633883", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a novel nonthermal tissue ablation technique by local application of high-voltage current within microseconds leading to a delayed apoptosis. The purpose of this experimental study was the first angiographic evaluation of the acute damage of renal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-18e311df45fe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The optimization of needle electrode number and placement for irreversible electroporation of hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Adeyanju et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/v10019-012-0026-y", "pmid": "23077449", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablation tool that uses brief high-voltage pulses to treat cancer. The efficacy of the therapy depends upon the distribution of the electric field, which in turn depends upon the configuration of electrodes used. Methods: We sought to optimize the electrode…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c9e81ecbc0d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "US Findings after Irreversible Electroporation Ablation Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation", "authors": "Appelbaum et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.11110475", "pmid": "22106355", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To characterize ultrasonographic (US) findings after irreversible electroporation (IRE) to determine the utility of these findings in the accurate assessment of ablation margins. Materials and methods: The institutional animal care and use committee approved the study. IRE ablation (n = 58) was performed in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fa53f8a9d521", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Characterization of Irreversible Electroporation Ablation in In Vivo Porcine Liver", "authors": "Ben-David et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "AJR Am J Roentgenol", "doi": "10.2214/AJR.11.6940", "pmid": "22194517", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: The purpose of this study was to prospectively characterize and optimize irreversible electroporation ablation to determine the best parameters to achieve the largest target zones of coagulation for two electrodes. Materials and methods: Ultrasound-guided irreversible electroporation ablation (n=110) was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5d27d35a70e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and early efficacy of irreversible electroporation for hepatic tumors in proximity to vital structures", "authors": "Cannon et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.23280", "pmid": "23090720", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown promise for ablation of lesions in proximity to vital structures in the preclinical setting. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IRE for hepatic tumors in the clinical setting. Methods: An IRB approved prospective registry of patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-910f01f142f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation of Perivascular Hepatic Malignant Tumors with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Kingham et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Am Coll Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.04.029", "pmid": "22704820", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Ablation is increasingly used to treat primary and secondary liver cancer. Ablation near portal pedicles and hepatic veins is challenging. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new ablation technique that does not rely on heat and, in animals, appears to be safe and effective when applied near hepatic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-893272fd76c0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electron microscopic demonstration and evaluation of irreversible electroporation-induced nanopores on hepatocyte membranes", "authors": "Lee et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2011.09.020", "pmid": "22137466", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To demonstrate, evaluate, and verify the existence of irreversible electroporation (IRE)-ablation induced nanopores on the plasma membrane of hepatocytes. Materials and methods: On animal research committee approval, four New Zealand rabbits and two Yorkshire swine underwent IRE ablation of the liver (90…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7b385de2f32f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Eradication of Rabbit VX2 Liver Tumor", "authors": "Lee et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2012.02.017", "pmid": "22534357", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To show the effectiveness and safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in treating large tumor models. Materials and methods: VX2 liver tumor implantation was performed in 35 New Zealand White Rabbits. The rabbits were divided into three groups 1 week after implantation. The control group included 15…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3c0ba5f26fed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of a liver metastasis", "authors": "Mannelli et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Liver Int", "doi": "10.1111/liv.12000", "pmid": "22925039", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-f22de9568a79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pain analysis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: irreversible electroporation versus radiofrequency ablation-initial observations", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-012-0426-9", "pmid": "22752100", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To retrospectively compare the postprocedure pain of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE) with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods: This Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, institutional review board-approved study compared postprocedure pain…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9b7e3763f45e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Spectrum of imaging and characteristics for liver tumors treated with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Neal II et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "JBiSE", "doi": "10.4236/jbise.2012.512A102", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Therapeutic irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new technique for targeted tumor ablation. Needle electrodes are placed into or around the targeted region to deliver a series of brief electric pulses that disrupt cell membrane integrity, killing cells in a non-thermal manner that does not affect the extracellular matrix or sensitive structures such as major vasculature and bile ducts; making IRE an advantageous technique, especially for tumors that are unresectable or ineligible for thermal ablation. Here, we present on the imaging findings from IRE liver tumor treatments from ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography. Imaging aids planning and implementing treatments by visualizing the targeted volume and guiding electrode placement. Immediate changes to the affected IRE region may be observed to verify complete ablation of the tumor with margin during the procedure, and permits follow-up evaluation of clinical outcome. In particular, we present tumor treatments in regions adjacent to sensitive structures that contraindicate thermal therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-78718428cbd7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Real-time ultrasound imaging of irreversible electroporation in a porcine liver model adequately characterizes the zone of cellular necrosis", "authors": "Schmidt et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1111/j.1477-2574.2011.00409.x", "pmid": "22221570", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a largely non-thermal method for the ablation of solid tumours. The ability of ultrasound (US) to measure the size of the IRE ablation zone was studied in a porcine liver model. Methods: Three normal pig livers were treated in vivo with a total of 22 ablations using…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2eb317e0aaa4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of hepatic malignant tumours: contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) findings", "authors": "Wiggermann et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Clin Hemorheol Microcirc", "doi": "10.3233/CH-2012-1615", "pmid": "22986756", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the image findings of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) after irreversible electroporation (IRE), and to assess its usefulness in relation to the evaluation of the ablation status using a dynamic recording of the microvascularisation. Material and method: In this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ff2d996db670", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) in cirrhotic liver preliminary experience in a large animal model", "authors": "Abdelsalam et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2013.01.103", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "No. 88 Irreversible electroporation (IRE) in cirrhotic liver: preliminary experience in a large animal model MONDAY: Scientific Sessions M.E. Abdelsalam1, J.A. Chetta3, S. Harmoush1, J. Ensor, Jr.2, A. Baugh1, K. Dixon1, A. McWatters1, M.J. Wallace1, A. Tam1, R. Avritscher1; 1Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-781a302fc1db", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "An experimental and numerical investigation of phase change electrodes for therapeutic irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Arena et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.4025334", "pmid": "24008623", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new technology for ablating aberrant tissue that utilizes pulsed electric fields (PEFs) to kill cells by destabilizing their plasma membrane. When treatments are planned correctly, the pulse parameters and location of the electrodes for delivering the pulses are selected to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-37dc80081f5f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation of the liver can be detected with ultrasound B-mode and elastography", "authors": "Au et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/j.surg.2012.11.022", "pmid": "23489942", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablation technique that induces permanent membrane permeability and cell death. We are interested in ultrasound B-mode and elastography to monitor IRE ablation in the liver. Methods: Yorkshire pigs underwent IRE ablation of the liver and were imaged with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-79f7e81eff66", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: initial experience and review of safety and outcomes", "authors": "Cheung et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.7785/tcrt.2012.500317", "pmid": "23369152", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety, feasibility and tumour response of _irreversible electroporation, a non-thermal ablation technique, for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. The endpoints were safety and local treatment efficacy. Patients with unresectable tumours and tumours not…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1ffe25b89ef7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Membrane-Targeting Approaches for Enhanced Cancer Cell Destruction with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-013-0882-7", "pmid": "23949655", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising technology to treat local malignant cancer using short, high-voltage electric pulses. Unfortunately, in vivo studies show that IRE suffers from an inability to destroy large volumes of cancer tissue without introduction of cytotoxic agents and/or increasing the applied…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9f5b019c992c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation a Novel Option for Treatment of Hepatic Metastases", "authors": "Martin", "year": 2013, "journal": "Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep", "doi": "10.1007/s11888-013-0166-5", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown promise for ablation of lesions in proximity to vital structures in the preclinical and now clinical setting. Studies of patients undergoing IRE for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer to the liver were reviewed for patient and tumor characteristics, treatment-related…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f98c38730e2a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effect of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on liver function tests following treatment of primary and metastatic liver tumors: a single center retrospective analysis", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2013.01.347", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "No. 322 Effect of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on liver function tests following treatment of primary and metastatic liver tumors: a single center retrospective analysis Posters and Exhibits G. Narayanan, R. Suthar, K.J. Barbery, J. Yrizarry; Radiology, Division of Vascular/Interventional Radiology, University…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2d5bd748b779", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Hepatic Malignancy", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Semin Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1055/s-0033-1333655", "pmid": "24436519", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a worldwide problem of epidemic proportions, best treated in a multidisciplinary setting. Major advances have been made in all specialties that manage patients with HCC, with surgical options at one end of the spectrum and palliative chemotherapy on the other, and the vast majority of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ea92bff969dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of a hepatocellular carcinoma lesion adjacent to a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent graft", "authors": "Niessen et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Korean J Radiol", "doi": "10.3348/kjr.2013.14.5.797", "pmid": "24043975", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "We report in a 65-year-old man hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent-graft which was successfully treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE). IRE is a new non-thermal tissue ablation technique which uses electrical pulses to induce cell necrosis by irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8f95484cafbe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation: creation of large-volume ablation zones in in vivo porcine liver with four-electrode arrays", "authors": "Appelbaum et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.13130349", "pmid": "24126371", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To prospectively determine optimal parameters with which to achieve defined large target zones of coagulation by using irreversible electroporation (IRE) with four-electrode arrays and the time needed to achieve this treatment effect in an in vivo animal model. Materials and methods: This study was approved…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d7334962bb4f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation of malignant hepatic tumors: subacute and follow-up CT appearance of ablation zones", "authors": "Dollinger et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2014.06.026", "pmid": "25156648", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To describe findings on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images of malignant hepatic tumors 24-72 hours after percutaneous ablation by irreversible electroporation (IRE) and at midterm follow-up. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of 52 malignant liver tumors-30 primary hepatic tumors and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b281fe92094a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Local control of perivascular malignant liver lesions using percutaneous irreversible electroporation: initial experiences", "authors": "Eller et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-014-0898-x", "pmid": "24798135", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study was designed to assess efficacy and safety in the treatment of perivascular malignant liver lesions using percutaneous, computed tomography (CT)-guided irreversible electroporation (IRE). Methods: Fourteen patients (mean age 58 ± 11 years) with 18 malignant liver lesions were consecutively enrolled…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6b95629225f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation for the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases with a proposal for a new response evaluation system", "authors": "Hosein et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2014.04.007", "pmid": "24861662", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To describe an initial experience with irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CLM). Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing IRE for the management of CLM was performed. Procedures were done percutaneously under general anesthesia…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-50bf97977ee7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pulse timing during irreversible electroporation achieves enhanced destruction in a hindlimb model of cancer", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-014-1133-2", "pmid": "25269611", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The use of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for cancer treatment has increased during the past decade due to many advantages over other focal therapies. However, despite early success in pre-clinical and clinical IRE trials, in vivo studies have shown that IRE suffers from an inability to destroy large volumes of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-098980d797c8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "An \"Off-the-Shelf\" System for Intraprocedural Electrical Current Evaluation and Monitoring of Irreversible Electroporation Therapy", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-014-0961-7", "pmid": "25159215", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation uses a series of brief electric pulses to create nanoscale defects in cell membranes, killing the cells. It has shown promise in numerous soft-tissue tumor applications. Larger voltages between electrodes will increase ablation volume, but exceeding electrical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a50041536b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "In vivo characterization and numerical simulation of prostate properties for non-thermal irreversible electroporation ablation", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Prostate", "doi": "10.1002/pros.22760", "pmid": "24442790", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) delivers brief electric pulses to attain non-thermal focal ablation that spares vasculature and other sensitive systems. It is a promising prostate cancer treatment due to sparing of the tissues associated with morbidity risk from conventional therapies. IRE effects…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5b254ab71a6f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation of colorectal liver metastases by irreversible electroporation: results of the COLDFIRE-I ablate-and-resect study", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-014-3259-x", "pmid": "24939670", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new ablation technique that relies on high-voltage electrical pulses. This clinical study evaluates the pathological response of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) treated with IRE and the clinical safety and feasibility. Methods: Ten patients with resectable CRLM…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2f30b1348456", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of a Large Centrally Located Hepatocellular Adenoma in a Woman with a Pregnancy Wish", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-014-1041-8", "pmid": "25537309", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided ablation technique that is rapidly gaining popularity in the treatment of malignant liver tumors located near large vessels or bile ducts. We describe a 28-year-old female patient with a 5 cm large, centrally located hepatocellular adenoma who wished to get…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4f7b9d44897a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "CT-guided irreversible electroporation in an acute porcine liver model: effect of previous transarterial iodized oil tissue marking on technical parameters, 3D computed tomographic rendering of the electroporation zone, and histopathology", "authors": "Sommer et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-014-0910-5", "pmid": "24870700", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the effect of previous transarterial iodized oil tissue marking (ITM) on technical parameters, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic (CT) rendering of the electroporation zone, and histopathology after CT-guided irreversible electroporation (IRE) in an acute porcine liver model as a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "onceki_tedavi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e5188d0561cc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multimodality imaging to assess immediate response to irreversible electroporation in a rat liver tumor model", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.14130989", "pmid": "24555632", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To compare changes on ultrasonographic (US), computed tomographic (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) images after irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of liver and tumor tissues in a rodent hepatoma model. Materials and methods: Studies received approval from the institutional animal care and use…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-294ce2a4e263", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Can Effectively Ablate Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Complete Pathologic Necrosis", "authors": "Cheng et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.05.014", "pmid": "26119204", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To describe full explant pathology and radiographic correlation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE) who subsequently underwent liver transplant. Materials and methods: In a retrospective study, 6 patients who had undergone IRE for HCC and subsequent…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d90f0c769bf6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Implications and considerations of thermal effects when applying irreversible electroporation tissue ablation therapy", "authors": "Davalos et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Prostate", "doi": "10.1002/pros.22986", "pmid": "25809014", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) describes a cellular response to electric field exposure, resulting in the formation of nanoscale defects that can lead to cell death. While this behavior occurs independently of thermally-induced processes, therapeutic ablation of targeted tissues with IRE uses a series of brief electric pulses, whose parameters result in secondary Joule heating of the tissue. Where contemporary clinical pulse protocols use aggressive energy regimes, additional evidence is supplementing original studies that assert care must be taken in clinical ablation protocols to ensure the cumulative thermal effects do not induce damage that will alter outcomes for therapies using the IRE non-thermal cell death process for tissue ablation. In this letter, we seek to clarify the nomenclature regarding IRE as a non-thermal ablation technique, as well as identify existing literature that uses experimental, clinical, and numerical results to discretely address and evaluate the thermal considerations relevant when applying IRE in clinical scenarios, including several approaches for reducing these effects. Existing evidence in the literature describes cell response to electric fields, suggesting cell death from IRE is a unique process, independent from traditional thermal damage. Numerical simulations, as well as preclinical and clinical findings demonstrate the ability to deliver therapeutic IRE ablation without occurrence of morbidity associated with thermal therapies. Clinical IRE therapy generates thermal effects, which may moderate the non-thermal aspects of IRE ablation. Appropriate protocol development, utilization, and pulse delivery devices may be implemented to restrain these effects and maintain IRE as the vastly predominant tissue death modality, reducing therapy-mitigating thermal damage. Clinical applications of IRE should consider thermal effects and employ protocols to ensure safe and effective therapy delivery.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6ad093885705", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Adverse effects of irreversible electroporation of malignant liver tumors under CT fluoroscopic guidance: a single-center experience", "authors": "Dollinger et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Diagn Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.5152/dir.2015.14442", "pmid": "26359870", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: We aimed to describe the frequency of adverse events after computed tomography (CT) fluoroscopy-guided irreversible electroporation (IRE) of malignant hepatic tumors and their risk factors. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 85 IRE ablation procedures of 114 malignant liver tumors (52 primary and 62…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a64a2985f02b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Malignant Hepatic Tumors--Alterations in Venous Structures at Subacute Follow-Up and Evolution at Mid-Term Follow-Up", "authors": "Dollinger et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0135773", "pmid": "26270651", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate risk factors associated with alterations in venous structures adjacent to an ablation zone after percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of hepatic malignancies at subacute follow-up (1 to 3 days after IRE) and to describe evolution of these alterations at mid-term follow-up. Materials and methods: 43 patients (men/women, 32/11; mean age, 60.3 years) were identified in whom venous structures were located within a perimeter of 1.0 cm of the ablation zone at subacute follow-up after IRE of 84 hepatic lesions (primary/secondary hepatic tumors, 31/53). These vessels were retrospectively evaluated by means of pre-interventional and post-interventional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography or both. Any vascular changes in flow, patency, and diameter were documented. Correlations between vascular change (yes/no) and characteristics of patients, lesions, and ablation procedures were assessed by generalized linear models. Results: 191 venous structures were located within a perimeter of 1.0 cm of the ablation zone: 55 (29%) were encased by the ablation zone, 78 (41%) abutted the ablation zone, and 58 (30%) were located between 0.1 and 1.0 cm from the border of the ablation zone. At subacute follow-up, vascular changes were found in 19 of the 191 vessels (9.9%), with partial portal vein thrombosis in 2, complete portal vein thrombosis in 3, and lumen narrowing in 14 of 19. At follow-up of patients with subacute vessel alterations (mean, 5.7 months; range, 0 to 14 months) thrombosis had resolved in 2 of 5 cases; vessel narrowing had completely resolved in 8 of 14 cases, and partly resolved in 1 of 14 cases. The encasement of a vessel by ablation zone (OR = 6.36, p<0.001), ablation zone being adjacent to a portal vein (OR = 8.94, p<0.001), and the usage of more than 3 IRE probes (OR = 3.60, p = 0.035) were independently associated with post-IRE vessel alterations. Conclusion: Venous structures located in close proximity to an IRE ablation zone remain largely unaffected by this procedure, and thrombosis is rare.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e34c30ed2ffd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Liver Function Tests Following Irreversible Electroporation of Liver Tumors Experience in 174 Procedures", "authors": "Froud et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Tech Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1053/j.tvir.2015.06.004", "pmid": "26365543", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new ablation modality that uses electric currents to cause cell death. It is commonly used to treat primary and secondary liver tumors in patients with normal liver function and preexisting cirrhosis. Retrospective analysis of 205 procedures sought to evaluate changes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3936dbd26aee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of hepatocellular carcinoma: preliminary report on the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance, computer tomography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluation of the ablated area", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Radiol Med", "doi": "10.1007/s11547-015-0582-5", "pmid": "26345332", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new ablation modality. Our purpose was to describe the effectiveness and the safety of the treatment and to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) diagnostic accuracy in HCC patients treated with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-15cb3e7cfc56", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Ablation Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Irreversible Electroporation MRI Findings", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "AJR Am J Roentgenol", "doi": "10.2214/AJR.14.12509", "pmid": "25905934", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation is a new ablation modality. Our purpose was to describe the MRI findings after irreversible electroporation treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Subjects and methods: In an 18-month period, we treated 24 HCC lesions in 20 patients who were not candidates for surgery. MRI…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-183f846732b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Careful treatment planning enables safe ablation of liver tumors adjacent to major blood vessels by percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE)", "authors": "Kos et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2015-0031", "pmid": "26401128", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a tissue ablation method, which relies on the phenomenon of electroporation. When cells are exposed to a sufficiently electric field, the plasma membrane is disrupted and cells undergo an apoptotic or necrotic cell death. Although heating effects are known IRE is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5ae34c0505cf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Lencioni et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Tech Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1053/j.tvir.2015.06.003", "pmid": "26365542", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new nonthermal ablation modality that can be used to treat primary and metastatic lesions in the liver. This article describes the way IRE works, reviews safety and efficacy data, and presents strategies and recommendations for its use in everyday practice. In a series of liver…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8f6ef2fa1def", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "In Vivo Irreversible Electroporation Kidney Ablation Experimentally Correlated Numerical Models", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2014.2360374", "pmid": "25265626", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation uses brief electric pulses to kill a volume of tissue without damaging the structures contraindicated for surgical resection or thermal ablation, including blood vessels and ureters. IRE offers a targeted nephron-sparing approach for treating kidney tumors, but the relevant…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0b7a88ace8c1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Factors associated with short-term local recurrence of liver cancer after percutaneous ablation using irreversible electroporation: a prospective single-center study", "authors": "Niessen et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.02.001", "pmid": "25812712", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors associated with short-term local recurrence of malignant liver lesions after irreversible electroporation (IRE). Materials and methods: Thirty-nine consecutive patients (79 malignant liver lesions) were treated with IRE, of whom 14 were excluded from the analysis (including 12…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-40e41e6565b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Safety and feasibility of the NanoKnife system for irreversible electroporation ablative treatment of canine spontaneous intracranial gliomas", "authors": "Rossmeisl et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Neurosurg", "doi": "10.3171/2014.12.JNS141768", "pmid": "26140483", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Object: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel nonthermal ablation technique that has been used for the treatment of solid cancers. However, it has not been evaluated for use in brain tumors. Here, the authors report on the safety and feasibility of using the NanoKnife IRE system for the treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a40f9e3d44f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Colorectal liver metastatic disease: efficacy of irreversible electroporation--a single-arm phase II clinical trial (COLDFIRE-2 trial)", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s12885-015-1736-5", "pmid": "26497813", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided tumor ablation technique that has shown promise for the ablation of lesions in proximity to vital structures such as blood vessels and bile ducts. The primary aim of the COLDFIRE-2 trial is to investigate the efficacy of IRE for unresectable, centrally located colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Secondary outcomes are safety, technical success, and the accuracy of contrast-enhanced (ce)CT and (18)F-FDG PET-CT in the detection of local tumor progression (LTP). Methods/design: In this single-arm, multicenter phase II clinical trial, twenty-nine patients with (18)F-FDG PET-avid CRLM ≤ 3,5 cm will be prospectively included to undergo IRE of the respective lesion. All lesions must be unresectable and unsuitable for thermal ablation due to vicinity of vital structures. Technical success is based on ceMRI one day post-IRE. All complications related to the IRE procedure are registered. Follow-up consists of (18)F-FDG PET-CT and 4-phase liver CT at 3-monthly intervals during the first year of follow-up. Treatment efficacy is defined as the percentage of tumors successfully eradicated 12 months after the initial IRE procedure based on clinical follow-up using both imaging modalities, tumor marker and (if available) histopathology. To determine the accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET-CT and ceCT, both imaging modalities will be individually scored by two reviewers that are blinded for the final oncologic outcome. Discussion: To date, patients with a central CRLM unsuitable for resection or thermal ablation have no curative treatment option and are given palliative chemotherapy. For these patients, IRE may prove a life-saving treatment option. The results of the proposed trial may represent an important step towards the implementation of IRE for central liver tumors in the clinical setting. Trial registration number: NCT02082782.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4a70d574786c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Colorectal Liver Metastases", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Tech Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1053/j.tvir.2015.06.007", "pmid": "26365546", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Image-guided tumor ablation techniques have significantly broadened the treatment possibilities for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies. A new ablation technique, irreversible electroporation (IRE), was recently added to the treatment armamentarium. As opposed to thermal ablation, cell death with IRE is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ef41d5061ec9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Feasibility of catheter-directed intraluminal irreversible electroporation of porcine ureter and acute outcomes in response to increasing energy delivery", "authors": "Srimathveeravalli et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.01.020", "pmid": "25769212", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of focal intraluminal irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the ureter with a novel electrode catheter and to study the treatment effects in response to increasing pulse strength. Materials and methods: Five IRE treatment settings were each evaluated twice for the ablation of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2fac50034f92", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Assessment of various types of US findings after irreversible electroporation in porcine liver: comparison with radiofrequency ablation", "authors": "Sugimoto et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2014.11.007", "pmid": "25645416", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To assess various ultrasound (US) findings, including B-mode, shear-wave elastography (SWE), and contrast-enhanced US, in accurately assessing ablation margins after irreversible electroporation (IRE) based on radiologic-pathologic correlation, and to compare these findings between IRE and radiofrequency (RF)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-96368020a150", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Case study to assess the safety of irreversible electroporation near the heart", "authors": "Sugimoto et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Springerplus", "doi": "10.1186/s40064-015-0828-7", "pmid": "25853025", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising technique for the focal treatment of soft tissue tumors. Even though the local application of an excessive electric field is a potential cause of cardiac arrhythmias, initial clinical studies have shown that IRE is generally safe when cardiac gating is employed. Case description: In this case report, we observed an episode of ventricular extrasystoles without hemodynamic changes during which time the synchronization device failed to operate properly, with pulses delivered not in the absolute refractory period but in the relative refractory period. Discussion and evaluation: At present, persons performing IRE must keep in mind that there is a small but real risk of synchronization failure even when a cardiac synchronization device is used. Conclusion: It is advisable to err on the side of caution when treating lesions near the heart.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a0b221a6fb78", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for nonthermal tumor ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: initial clinical experience in Japan", "authors": "Sugimoto et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Jpn J Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s11604-015-0442-1", "pmid": "26032929", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the safety and short-term outcomes of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Japan. Materials and methods: The study was designed in a prospective setting. Five patients (3 men and 2 women; mean age…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3708bf6c1300", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of a robotic system for irreversible electroporation (IRE) of malignant liver tumors: initial results", "authors": "Beyer et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s11548-016-1485-1", "pmid": "27653615", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: Comparison of conventional CT-guided manual irreversible electroporation (IRE) of malignant liver tumors and a robot-assisted approach regarding procedural accuracy, intervention time, dose, complications, and treatment success. Methods: A retrospective single-center analysis of 40 cases of irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f3d3016935bd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Stereotactically-navigated percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) compared to conventional IRE: a prospective trial", "authors": "Beyer et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "PeerJ", "doi": "10.7717/peerj.2277", "pmid": "27602266", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare CT-navigated stereotactic IRE (SIRE) needle placement to non-navigated conventional IRE (CIRE) for percutaneous ablation of liver malignancies. Materials and Methods. A prospective trial including a total of 20 patients was conducted with 10 patients in each arm of the study. IRE procedures were guided using either CT fluoroscopy (CIRE) or a stereotactic planning and navigation system (SIRE). Primary endpoint was procedure time. Secondary endpoints were accuracy of needle placement, technical success rate, complication rate and dose-length product (DLP). Results. A total of 20 IRE procedures were performed to ablate hepatic malignancies (16 HCC, 4 liver metastases), 10 procedures in each arm. Mean time for placement of IRE electrodes in SIRE was significantly shorter with 27 ± 8 min compared to 87 ± 30 min for CIRE (p < 0.001). Accuracy of needle placement for SIRE was higher than CIRE (2.2 mm vs. 3.3 mm mean deviation, p < 0.001). The total DLP and the fluoroscopy DLP were significantly lower in SIRE compared to CIRE. Technical success rate and complication rates were equal in both arms. Conclusion. SIRE demonstrated a significant reduction of procedure length and higher accuracy compared to CIRE. Stereotactic navigation has the potential to reduce radiation dose for the patient and the radiologist without increasing the risk of complications or impaired technical success compared to CIRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f2e3a57e12be", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of tolerability and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in treatment of Child-Pugh B (7/8) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)", "authors": "Bhutiani et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2016.03.609", "pmid": "27346140", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Few studies have assessed the tolerability and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the treatment of Child-Pugh B (7/8) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on its mechanism of action, we hypothesized that IRE would be superior to microwave (MW) ablation and compared the liver…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1c8d2f69a38d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ultrasound validation of mathematically modeled irreversible electroporation ablation areas", "authors": "Bhutiani et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/j.surg.2015.10.030", "pmid": "26652858", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: Currently, the prediction of the dimensions of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation is modeled using algorithms derived from mathematical and ex vivo models. These algorithms have not been validated using in vivo studies. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the mathematical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a2d97926bb47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation versus Radiofrequency Ablation: A Comparison of Local and Systemic Effects in a Small-Animal Model", "authors": "Bulvik et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2015151166", "pmid": "27429143", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose To compare both periablational and systemic effects of two mechanistically different types of ablation: thermal radiofrequency (RF) ablation and electroporative ablation with irreversible electroporation (IRE) in appropriately selected animal models. Materials and Methods Animal experiments were performed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-585daacbcef4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Rat liver regeneration following ablation with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Golberg et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "PeerJ", "doi": "10.7717/peerj.1571", "pmid": "26819842", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "During the past decade, irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation has emerged as a promising tool for the treatment of multiple diseases including hepatic cancer. However, the mechanisms behind the tissue regeneration following IRE ablation have not been investigated. Our results indicate that IRE treatment immediately kills the cells at the treatment site preserving the extracellular architecture, in effect causing in vivo decellularization. Over the course of 4 weeks, progenitor cell differentiation, through YAP and notch pathways, together with hepatocyte expansion led to almost complete regeneration of the ablated liver leading to the formation of hepatocyte like cells at the ablated zone. We did not observe significant scarring or tumor formation at the regenerated areas 6 months post IRE. Our study suggests a new model to study the regeneration of liver when the naïve extracellular matrix is decellularized in vivo with completely preserved extracellular architecture.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e47a37e88d7e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Adjacent to the Gallbladder", "authors": "Herwald et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2016.03.008", "pmid": "27338501", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Carcinoma Adjacent to the Gallbladder From: Sanna E. Herwald, BA Jonathan H. Chen, MD, PhD Ronald S. Arellano, MD, FSIR Tufts University School of Medicine (S.E.H.) 145 Harrison Avenue Boston, MA 02111; and Departments of Pathology (J.H.C.) and Radiology (R.S.A.) Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Editor: The institutional review board approved the preparation of this report. A 63-year-old man with hepatitis C– related cirrhosis (Child-Turcotte-Pugh class B, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score 16, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0) developed two hepatocellular carcinomas (2.8 cm and 2.4 cm in segment VIII) while awaiting a liver transplant. The tumors were successfully treated with computed tomography–guided microwave ablation. A 2.5-cm hepatocellular carcinoma developed 3 months later in segment V, abutting the gallbladder (Fig 1).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Letter" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-859095897e78", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Ablation of Hepatic Tumors Using Irreversible Electroporation: A Prospective Safety and Midterm Efficacy Study in 34 Patients", "authors": "Niessen et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.025", "pmid": "26922979", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of primary and secondary liver cancer unsuitable for resection or thermal ablation. Materials and methods: In this prospective, single-center study, 65 malignant liver tumors (hepatocellular carcinoma, n = 33…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e073583c4354", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Immediate versus Delayed Findings at MR Imaging", "authors": "Padia et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2015150031", "pmid": "26523493", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To assess the postprocedure findings of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was Institutional Review Board approved, and informed consent was waived. Twenty patients with HCC were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c0278f5ef952", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Production of Spherical Ablations Using Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation: A Laboratory Investigation Using a Single Electrode and Grounding Pad", "authors": "Sano et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2016.05.032", "pmid": "27478129", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To mathematically model and test ex vivo a modified technique of irreversible electroporation (IRE) to produce large spherical ablations by using a single probe. Materials and methods: Computed simulations were performed by using varying voltages, electrode exposure lengths, and tissue types. A vegetable…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9e348408ef58", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Induction of rapid, reproducible hepatic ablations using next-generation, high frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) in vivo", "authors": "Siddiqui et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2016.06.015", "pmid": "27593589", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) offers an alternative to thermal tissue ablation in situ. High-frequency IRE (H-FIRE), employing ultra-short bipolar electrical pulses, may overcome limitations associated with existing IRE technology to create rapid, reproducible liver ablations in vivo. Methods: IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6359b29c0ada", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multimodality imaging to assess immediate response following irreversible electroporation in patients with malignant hepatic tumors", "authors": "Sugimoto et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Med Ultrason (2001)", "doi": "10.1007/s10396-016-0767-0", "pmid": "27933441", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), contrast-enhanced multiphase CT (CECT), and gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) in identifying residual tumor in the subacute follow-up of patients with malignant hepatic tumors treated by irreversible electroporation (IRE). Methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d670d133c4ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation of hepatic malignant tumors with irreversible electroporation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes", "authors": "Tian et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Oncotarget", "doi": "10.18632/oncotarget.14030", "pmid": "28009979", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation is a new technique that is used to eliminate malignant tumors through nonthermal approaches. Objective: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the efficiency of IRE for hepatic malignant tumors. Methods: A systematic search was performed from PubMed, Embase, Web of science, Scopus and other potential literatures from references in relevant articles July 26th, 2016. Overall estimates of pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for the changes of the pre- and post-IRE longest diameter, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum total bilirubin levels. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias and were performed after the pooled analysis, and the quality of the included literatures was appraised using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: We finally included 300 patients (mean age: 51 to 66.6 years; male: 182; female: 118) from 9 studies of hepatic malignant tumors. The meta-analysis showed that comparing with the initial values, the longest diameter of the tumors was significantly decreased at the last follow-up months after IRE. Furthermore, the ALP, AST and total bilirubin levels were increased at 1 day after IRE while returned to baseline at the last follow-up month. No risk of publication bias was found, and all literatures were assessed good quality according to NOS. Conclusions: The pooled data indicated that IRE could be a minimal invasive and effective approach for patients who had preoperative poor liver function or those whose masses were in refractory locations where surgical resection was unsuitable.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b3deca5bab8e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemical Effects after Transarterial Chemoembolization in Combination with Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation: Observations in an Acute Porcine Liver Model", "authors": "Vollherbst et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2016.02.001", "pmid": "27103147", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the effects of combined use of transarterial chemoembolization and irreversible electroporation (IRE) for focal tissue ablation in an acute porcine liver model. Materials and methods: Two established interventional techniques were combined: IRE with zones of irreversible and reversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-42f71e2964e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Safety and Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation for Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Zeng et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533034616676445", "pmid": "27837054", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of irreversible electroporation ablation for unresectable large liver cancer. Fourteen patients were enrolled: 8 with large hepatocellular carcinoma (tumor diameter: 5.1-11.5 cm) and 6 with medium hepatocellular carcinoma (tumor diameter: 3.0-4.1 cm). All…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c22d3d0cdb9b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation for Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Case Report", "authors": "Chai et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Ultrasound Q", "doi": "10.1097/RUQ.0000000000000305", "pmid": "28650421", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "*Department of Ultrasonography and †State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Received for publication February 22, 2017; accepted May 3, 2017. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Address…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a2926c19b845", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Comparative Study of Ablation Boundary Sharpness After Percutaneous Radiofrequency, Cryo-, Microwave, and Irreversible Electroporation Ablation in Normal Swine Liver and Kidneys", "authors": "Cornelis et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-017-1692-3", "pmid": "28516273", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To compare ablation boundary sharpness after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation (CA), microwave ablation (MWA) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation in normal swine liver and kidney. Materials and methods: Percutaneous CT-guided RFA (n = 5), CA (n = 5), MWA (n = 5) and IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d7ad9360e3b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Midterm Safety and Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation of Malignant Liver Tumors Located Close to Major Portal or Hepatic Veins", "authors": "Distelmaier et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2017161561", "pmid": "28799842", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose To investigate the efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the treatment of hepatic tumors not suitable for thermal ablation (radiofrequency ablation [RFA] or microwave ablation). Materials and Methods This was an institutional review board-approved prospective study in 29 patients (15…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e3899e964388", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Single-center nonrandomized clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of liver tumors in humans: Short to mid-term results", "authors": "Frühling et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2016.12.004", "pmid": "28109674", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: A single-center nonrandomized clinical trial was performed to assess the safety and efficacy of IRE ablation of liver tumors in humans. Methods: 38 malignant liver tumors on 30 patients were treated with IRE between September 2011 and September 2014. Treatment was with curative intent, and the diagnoses…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-49bb05e90e27", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Enhancing Irreversible Electroporation by Manipulating Cellular Biophysics with a Molecular Adjuvant", "authors": "Ivey et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Biophys J", "doi": "10.1016/j.bpj.2017.06.014", "pmid": "28746857", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Kalsiyum Homeostazının Bozulması" ], "abstract": "Pulsed electric fields applied to cells have been used as an invaluable research tool to enhance delivery of genes or other intracellular cargo, as well as for tumor treatment via electrochemotherapy or tissue ablation. These processes involve the buildup of charge across the cell membrane, with subsequent alteration…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a7dfbc7f3340", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Recurrence patterns following irreversible electroporation for hepatic malignancies", "authors": "Langan et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.24570", "pmid": "28493544", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as a novel, safe ablative therapy for peri-vascular lesions. However, there remains a paucity of data on long-term outcomes. Methods: We identified patients who underwent open IRE (1/2011-6/2015) for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies. Local…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9f3428e9843c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "A Comprehensive Characterization of Parameters Affecting High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Lesions", "authors": "Miklovic et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-017-1889-2", "pmid": "28721494", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Several focal therapies are being investigated clinically to treat tumors in which surgery is contraindicated. Many of these ablation techniques, such as radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation, rely on thermal damage mechanisms which can put critical nerves or vasculature at risk. Irreversible electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-447a709a6485", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation: Long-term survival analysis of 71 patients with inoperable malignant hepatic tumors", "authors": "Niessen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep43687", "pmid": "28266600", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the survival times after percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) in inoperable liver tumors not amenable to thermal ablation. 71 patients (14 females, 57 males, median age 63.5 ± 10.8 years) with 103 liver tumors were treated in 83 interventions using IRE (NanoKnife ® system). The median tumor short-axis diameter was 1.9 cm (minimum 0.4 cm, maximum 4.5 cm). 35 patients had primary liver tumors and 36 patients had liver metastases. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to calculate the survival rates, and the different groups were compared using multivariate log-rank and Wilcoxon tests. The overall median survival time was 26.3 months; the median survival of patients with primary land secondary liver cancer did not significantly differ (26.8 vs. 19.9 months; p = 0.41). Patients with a tumor diameter >3 cm (p < 0.001) or more than 2 lesions (p < 0.005) died significantly earlier than patients with smaller or fewer tumors. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and Child-Pugh class B or C cirrhosis died significantly earlier than patients with Child-Pugh class A (p < 0.05). Patients with very early stage HCC survived significantly longer than patients with early stage HCC with a median survival of 22.3 vs. 13.7 months (p < 0.05).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-462712fbefcf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Anatomically Realistic Simulations of Liver Ablation by Irreversible Electroporation: Impact of Blood Vessels on Ablation Volumes and Undertreatment", "authors": "Qasrawi et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533034616687477", "pmid": "28093955", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation is a novel tissue ablation technique which entails delivering intense electrical pulses to target tissue, hence producing fatal defects in the cell membrane. The present study numerically analyzes the potential impact of liver blood vessels on ablation by irreversible electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-30170be09352", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Not Amenable to Thermal Ablation Techniques: A Retrospective Single-Center Case Series", "authors": "Sutter et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2017161413", "pmid": "28453431", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose To assess the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the treatment of patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are ineligible for thermal ablative techniques. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by an ethics review board, and the requirement to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9fc1586e9ae6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Bipolar Microsecond Pulses and Insulated Needle Electrodes for Reducing Muscle Contractions During Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Yao et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2017.2690624", "pmid": "28391185", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To minimize the effect of muscle contractions during irreversible electroporation (IRE), this paper attempts to research the ablation effect and muscle contractions by applying high-frequency IRE (H-FIRE) ablation to liver tissue in vivo. Methods: An insulated needle electrode was produced by painting an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a4f5d9d60ab9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "An In Vitro Experimental Study of the Pulse Delivery Method in Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Journal of Engineering and Science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy", "doi": "10.1115/1.4038238", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of generating larger ablation volumes using the pulse delivery method in irreversible electroporation (IRE) using a potato model. Ten types of pulse timing schemes and two pulse repetition rates (1 pulse per 200 ms and 1 pulse per 550 ms) were proposed in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-94e85a62f147", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of hepatocellular carcinoma patient selection and perspectives", "authors": "Zimmerman et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Hepatocell Carcinoma", "doi": "10.2147/JHC.S129063", "pmid": "28331845", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel form of tissue ablation that uses high-current electrical pulses to induce pore formation of the cell lipid bilayer, leading to cell death. The safety of IRE for ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been established. Outcome data for ablation of HCC by IRE are…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fd91a51d6c48", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Allogenic Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy Combined with Irreversible Electroporation for Stage IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Survival Outcome", "authors": "Alnaggar et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cell Physiol Biochem", "doi": "10.1159/000492509", "pmid": "30092590", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/aims: We evaluated the clinical effectiveness of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in combination with immunotherapy using allogenic natural killer cells (NK) for stage IV hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: The study involved 40 patients with stage IV HCC who were divided equally into two groups: 1) simple IRE; and 2) IRE plus allogenic NK cells (IRE-NK); we mainly assessed the overall survival (OS). Results: The effect of the IRE-NK treatment was synergistic, i.e., not only did it enhance immune function, it also decreased alpha-fetoprotein expression and showed significantly good clinical effectiveness. At the median 7.6-month follow-up (range, 3.8-12.1 months), median OS was higher in the IRE-NK group (10.1 months) than in the IRE group (8.9 months, P = 0.0078). Conclusion: IRE combined with allogeneic NK cell immunotherapy significantly increases the median OS of patients with stage IV HCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1e5142ac1711", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Avoiding neuromuscular stimulation in liver irreversible electroporation using radiofrequency electric fields", "authors": "Castellví et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/1361-6560/aaa16f", "pmid": "29235992", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based treatments typically consist of the application of high-voltage dc pulses. As an undesired side effect, these dc pulses cause electrical stimulation of excitable tissues such as motor nerves. The present in vivo study explores the use of bursts of sinusoidal voltage in a frequency range from 50…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-517da6e2fdbc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Technology of irreversible electroporation and review of its clinical data on liver cancers", "authors": "Cohen et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Expert Rev Med Devices", "doi": "10.1080/17434440.2018.1425612", "pmid": "29307242", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has developed as a novel percutaneous ablative technique over the past decade and its utility in the treatment of primary and metastatic liver disease has progressed rapidly. Areas covered: After discussing the principles behind the technology and the practical steps in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a47ed0c7d043", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma State of the art and innovations", "authors": "Nault et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Hepatol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jhep.2017.10.004", "pmid": "29031662", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Percutaneous treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) encompasses a vast range of techniques, including monopolar radiofrequency ablation (RFA), multibipolar RFA, microwave ablation, cryoablation and irreversible electroporation. RFA is considered one of the main curative treatments for HCC of less than 5 cm…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cde8cbd18d3c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Conductivity Rise During Irreversible Electroporation True Permeabilization or Heat", "authors": "Ruarus et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-018-1971-7", "pmid": "29687261", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) induces apoptosis with high-voltage electric pulses. Although the working mechanism is non-thermal, development of secondary Joule heating occurs. This study investigated whether the observed conductivity rise during IRE is caused by increased cellular permeabilization or heat development. Methods: IRE was performed in a gelatin tissue phantom, in potato tubers, and in 30 patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Continuous versus sequential pulsing protocols (10-90 vs. 10-30-30-30) were assessed. Temperature was measured using fiber-optic probes. After temperature had returned to baseline, 100 additional pulses were delivered. The primary technique efficacy of the treated CRLM was compared to the periprocedural current rise. Seven patients received ten additional pulses after a 10-min cool-down period. Results: Temperature and current rise was higher for the continuous pulsing protocol (medians, gel: 13.05 vs. 9.55 °C and 9 amperes (A) vs. 7A; potato: 12.70 vs. 10.53 °C and 6.0A vs. 6.5A). After cooling-down, current returned to baseline in the gel phantom and near baseline values (Δ2A with continuous- and Δ5A with sequential pulsing) in the potato tubers. The current declined after cooling-down in all seven patients with CRLM, although baseline values were not reached. There was a positive correlation between current rise and primary technique efficacy (p = 0.02); however, the previously reported current increase threshold of 12-15A was reached in 13%. Conclusion: The observed conductivity rise during IRE is caused by both cellular permeabilization and heat development. Although a correlation between current rise and efficacy exists, the current increase threshold seems unfeasible for CRLM.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-16a5b09c6cf3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Optimization of a single insertion electrode array for the creation of clinically relevant ablations using high-frequency irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Sano et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Comput Biol Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.02.009", "pmid": "29486332", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is an emerging ablation modality, delivering rapid bursts of bipolar microsecond-duration electrical pulses to non-thermally ablate tissue including tumors. With advantages over current electroporation techniques including mitigation of muscle stimulation and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e9849432aebd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparison of Chronologic Change in the Size and Contrast-Enhancement of Ablation Zones on CT Images after Irreversible Electroporation and Radiofrequency Ablation", "authors": "Scheck et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Korean J Radiol", "doi": "10.3348/kjr.2018.19.4.560", "pmid": "29962862", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To compare short-, mid-, and long-term follow-up ablation zone volume alterations as well as imaging features on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) after irreversible electroporation (IRE) of primary and secondary liver tumors with findings subsequent to radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Materials and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ecdcf4c73980", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Long-term survival after percutaneous irreversible electroporation of inoperable colorectal liver metastases", "authors": "Schicho et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cancer Manag Res", "doi": "10.2147/CMAR.S182091", "pmid": "30643457", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: For colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) that are not amenable to surgery or thermal ablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel local treatment modality and additional option. Methods: This study is a retrospective long-term follow-up of patients with CRLM who underwent IRE as salvage treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f40b1f58b4cd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and Short-Term Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation and Allogenic Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy Combination in the Treatment of Patients with Unresectable Primary Liver Cancer", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-018-2069-y", "pmid": "30151798", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the safety and short-term efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with allogenic natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with unresectable primary liver cancer. Materials and methods: Between October 2015 and December 2016, 40 patients were enrolled and randomly allocated to either the IRE group (n = 22) or the IRE-NK group (n = 18). All adverse events experienced by the patients were recorded; the changes in tumor biomarkers [AFP, CA 19-9, circulating tumor cells (CTCs)], lymphocyte number and function, quality of life, clinical response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Results: Patients who received combination therapy exhibited significantly longer median PFS and OS than who just received IRE (PFS 15.1 vs. 10.6 months, P < 0.05, OS 17.9 vs. 23.2 months, P < 0.05). The combination therapy of IRE and NK cell immunotherapy significantly reduced CTCs and increased immune function and Karnofsky performance status. Conclusion: Our data suggest a novel, promising combination therapy using IRE and allogenic NK cell immunotherapy. Larger clinical trials are required to confirm these conclusions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d85ac3b92f41", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Molecular and histological study on the effects of non-thermal irreversible electroporation on the liver", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.132", "pmid": "29678581", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a biophysical phenomenon in which certain electric fields delivered across the cell membrane in tissue, cause cell death, without affecting the extracellular matrix. \"Minimally invasive regenerative surgery\" is a new medical modality for treatment of end-stage organ…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-03a29d7ef12f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE): a narrative review of the development of IRE from the laboratory to a prostate cancer treatment", "authors": "Blazevski et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.14951", "pmid": "31725935", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Whilst whole-gland radical treatment is highly effective for prostate cancer control, it has significant impact on quality of life and is unnecessary 'over-treatment' in many men with screening-detected prostate cancer. Improvements in prostate biopsy and imaging have led to increased interest in partial…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b96776a3ea68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Incidence and evolution of venous thrombosis during the first 3 months after irreversible electroporation of malignant hepatic tumours", "authors": "Bäumler et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-56324-y", "pmid": "31882716", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The incidence and evolution of venous thrombosis adjacent to the ablation zone after percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) were evaluated to identify potential risk factors in patients with hepatic malignancies. 205 venous structures (in 87 patients) within a ≤1.0 cm radius of the ablation zone were assessed after IRE of 112 hepatic lesions (74 primary, 38 secondary hepatic malignancies) by pre-interventional and post-interventional (1-3 days, 6 weeks and 3 months after IRE) contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The relationships between venous thrombosis and clinical features were analysed using a binary logistic regression model. In 27 of 87 patients (31%), a total of 67 venous complications were noted during the 3 months follow-up. Thrombosis represented the most frequently observed complication (n = 47; 70.1%), followed by vessel narrowing (n = 20; 29.9%). 5 (10.6%) of 47 thromboses showed spontaneous regression 3 months after IRE. A small vessel diameter (p = 0.011) and post-interventional vessel narrowing (p = 0.006) were independently associated with delayed post-ablative thrombosis. Delayed venous thrombosis frequently occurs after IRE of hepatic malignancies. Pre-existing vessel narrowing and a small vessel diameter represent significant risk factors that require further surveillance and potentially therapeutic intervention.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-54b301f65681", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Peri-tumoral Metallic Implants Reduce the Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation for the Ablation of Colorectal Liver Metastases", "authors": "Cornelis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-019-02300-y", "pmid": "31385006", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the effect of peri-tumoral metallic implants (MI) on the safety and efficacy of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, 25 patients (12 women, 13 men; MI: 13, no MI: 12) were treated for 29 CRLM…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-754f4144e7c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Transcatheter intra-arterial perfusion (TRIP)-MRI biomarkers help detect immediate response to irreversible electroporation of rabbit VX2 liver tumor", "authors": "Figini et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Magn Reson Med", "doi": "10.1002/mrm.28104", "pmid": "31850550", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal tissue ablation technique that represents a promising treatment option for unresectable liver tumors, but the effectively treated zone cannot be reliably predicted. We investigate the potential benefit of transcatheter intra-arterial perfusion (TRIP) -MRI for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3421d6f128b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging to Evaluate Immediate Response to Irreversible Electroporation in a Rabbit VX2 Liver Tumor Model", "authors": "Hu et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2019.05.030", "pmid": "31542271", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in magnetic resonance imaging for quantitative measurement of responses following irreversible electroporation (IRE) in a rabbit liver tumor model. Materials and methods: Twelve rabbits underwent ultrasound-guided VX2 tumor implantation in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e2edc2d008d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation of end-stage metastatic retroperitoneal lesions: Report on three cases and literature review", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Exp Ther Med", "doi": "10.3892/etm.2019.7780", "pmid": "31410175", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Metastatic retroperitoneal tumors constitute an end-stage disease with poor prognosis that represents a heavy global health burden. The present study aimed to explore the efficacy of irreversible electroporation ablation (IRE) therapy in patients with end-stage retroperitoneal tumors. Between April 2016 and September…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2cd67944065e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Normal and fibrotic liver parenchyma respond differently to irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Lyu et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2019.01.019", "pmid": "30879992", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in treating hepatic, biliary, and pancreatic malignancies are active areas of clinical investigation. In addition, recent studies have shown that IRE may enable regenerative surgery and in vivo tissue engineering. To use IRE effectively in these…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c198d0b56f61", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Color Coded Perfusion Imaging with Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) for Post-Interventional Success Control Following Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) of Primary and Secondary Malignant Liver Lesions", "authors": "Rennert et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Gastrointestin Liver Dis", "doi": "10.15403/jgld-254", "pmid": "31517328", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim: Evaluation of the post-interventional success following irreversible electroporation (IRE) using a new color coded perfusion quantification software with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in patients with malignant lesions of the liver. Methods: Thirty-eight patients with 68 malignant liver lesions underwent…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-23b320828e0a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Initial experience with irreversible electroporation of liver tumours", "authors": "Stillström et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Eur J Radiol Open", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejro.2019.01.004", "pmid": "30723754", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Thermal ablation of liver tumours is an established technique used in selected patients with relatively small tumours that can be ablated with margin. Thermal ablation methods are not advisable near larger bile ducts that are sensitive to thermal injury causing strictures and severe morbidity…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-83ab21628781", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation versus Radiofrequency Ablation: Comparison of Systemic Immune Responses in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Sugimoto et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2019.03.002", "pmid": "31126596", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) differs from thermal radiofrequency (RF) ablation, especially in terms of the reparative process in the ablation zone induced. To elucidate this, the systemic immune responses after 2 mechanistically different types of ablation (IRE and RF ablation) were evaluated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and methods: Twenty-one patients with HCC who underwent either RF ablation (n = 11) or IRE (n = 10) were studied. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all patients at 4 timepoints: before ablation, within 1 hour after ablation, 1 day after ablation, and 4 days after ablation. The phenotypes and functions of immune cells in peripheral blood and serum levels of cytokines and chemokines were monitored and analyzed using the mixed-effects model. Follow-up radiological images were also obtained to assess temporal changes in the ablation zone. Results: The most significant difference was seen in the levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the IRE group compared to the RF ablation group (P = .0011): the serum levels of MIF in the IRE group significantly increased immediately after IRE and then rapidly decreased to the pre-ablation range 1 day after IRE, but, in contrast, no consistent trend was observed in the RF ablation group. The axial diameter (P = .0009) and area (P = .0192) of the ablation zone of IRE were significantly smaller than those of RF ablation 1 year after ablation. Conclusions: IRE was found to be associated with a significant early increase in MIF levels, which may facilitate the early reparative process and result in significant shrinkage of the ablation zone.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0e54253bb825", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Similar complication rates for irreversible electroporation and thermal ablation in patients with hepatocellular tumors", "authors": "Verloh et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2019-0011", "pmid": "30840591", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background To compare the frequency of adverse events of thermal microwave (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with non-thermal irreversible electroporation (IRE) in percutaneous ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and methods We retrospectively analyzed 117 MWA/RFA and 47 IRE procedures (one…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9769c5479b51", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Therapeutic Effect of Irreversible Electroporation in Combination with Poly-ICLC Adjuvant in Preclinical Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Vivas et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2019.02.023", "pmid": "31101416", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with the intratumoral injection of the immunogenic adjuvant poly-ICLC (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid and poly-L-lysine, a dsRNA analog mimicking viral RNA) inmediately before IRE. Materials and methods: Mice and rabbits…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f7c8abf78454", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Time-Dependent Impact of Irreversible Electroporation on Pathology and Ablation Size in the Porcine Liver: A 24-Hour Experimental Study", "authors": "Vogel et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033819876899", "pmid": "31533537", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation causes cell death through low frequency, high voltage electrical pulses and is increasingly used to treat non-resectable cancers. A recent systematic review revealed that tissue damage through irreversible electroporation is time-dependent, but the impact of time on the ablation zone size…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b0a7931fc41b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Temperature Dependence of High Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Evaluated in a 3D Tumor Model", "authors": "Fesmire et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-019-02423-w", "pmid": "32409902", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a bioelectric phenomenon used to deliver target molecules into cells in vitro and irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging cancer therapy used to treat inoperable tumors in situ. These phenomena are generally considered to be non-thermal in nature. In this study, a 3D tumor model was used…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2fd6ae439bcc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation For Hepatocellular Carcinoma Longer-Term Outcomes At A Single Centre", "authors": "Freeman et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-020-02666-4", "pmid": "33051707", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and aims: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) not amenable to standard thermal ablation. The aim of this study was to report our longer-term outcomes using this treatment modality. Method: We identified all patients at our…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e7fafa526c45", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Using 5,000-V Waveforms to Create Reproducible 2- and 4-cm Ablation Zones-A Laboratory Investigation Using Mechanically Perfused Liver", "authors": "Kaufman et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2019.05.009", "pmid": "31530492", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate if high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) treatments can be delivered at higher voltages and with greater energy delivery rates than currently implemented in clinical irreversible electroporation protocols. Materials and methods: Treatments using 3,000 V and 5,000 V were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-95d10c3ae7f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A numerical study on the effect of conductivity change in cell kill distribution in irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Khorasani", "year": 2020, "journal": "Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering", "doi": "10.2478/pjmpe-2020-0008", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a tissue ablation technique and physical process used to kill the undesirable cells. In the IRE process by mathematical modelling we can calculate the cell kill probability and distribution inside the tissue. The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f55f00cee942", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer: A Proof-of-Principle Study in Canine Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Partridge et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2019.10.015", "pmid": "31956003", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To determine the safety and feasibility of percutaneous high-frequency irreversible electroporation (HFIRE) for primary liver cancer and evaluate the HFIRE-induced local immune response. Materials and methods: HFIRE therapy was delivered percutaneously in 3 canine patients with resectable hepatocellular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-33a2730efb93", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraprocedural Transcatheter Intraarterial Perfusion (TRIP)-MRI for Evaluation of Irreversible Electroporation Therapy Response in a Rabbit Liver Tumor Model", "authors": "Shangguan et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Clin Exp Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.2147/CEG.S269163", "pmid": "33192084", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising new ablation method for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment with few side-effects; however, tissue perfusion and differentiation between treatment zones have not been sufficiently studied. In this project, we analyzed HCC tumor perfusion changes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-854ec41325ce", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Predictors of Occlusion of Hepatic Blood Vessels after Irreversible Electroporation of Liver Tumors", "authors": "Tamura et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2020.08.005", "pmid": "33267950", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To examine predictors of midterm occlusion in portal and hepatic veins within or adjacent to the ablation zone after irreversible electroporation (IRE) of liver tumors. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort analysis included 39 patients who underwent CT-guided IRE of liver tumors. Vessels within or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8f7f4888bdba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effectiveness and safety of irreversible electroporation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for thermal ablation after surgery", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Interv Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.jimed.2020.07.009", "pmid": "34805927", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To preliminarily evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT) image-guided irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection. Methods: From January 2016 to February 2018, 18 patients diagnosed with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f49e92a58bb8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Retrospective Study for Validation and Improvement of Numerical Treatment Planning of Irreversible Electroporation Ablation for Treatment of Liver Tumors", "authors": "Cindric et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "IEEE Trans Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1109/TBME.2021.3075772", "pmid": "33905320", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Objective: The aims of this study were to determine the electric field threshold that best fits the local response to irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of hepatic tumors as seen in follow-up MRI; to numerically evaluate the heat generating effect of IRE; and to demonstrate the utility of treatment planning…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-88cbbb4f7cd2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation induces CD8 + T cell immune response against post-ablation hepatocellular carcinoma growth", "authors": "Dai et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.001", "pmid": "33444692", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Ablative treatment evokes antitumor immunity, but knowledge on the emerging irreversible electroporation (IRE)-induced immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited. To investigate the immune effects induced by IRE and its role in preventing post-ablation HCC progression, a C57BL/6J mouse model bearing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-39d9d351a2bc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combination of natural killer cell-based immunotherapy and irreversible electroporation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Eresen et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Ann Transl Med", "doi": "10.21037/atm-21-539", "pmid": "34423001", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most lethal cancer types despite great advancement in overall survival of the patients over the last decades. Surgical resection or partial hepatectomy has been approved as the curative treatment for early-stage HCC patients however only up to 30% of them are eligible for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3c1206659bc2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation versus radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a single centre propensity-matched comparison", "authors": "Freeman et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Scand J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.1080/00365521.2021.1930145", "pmid": "34057003", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and aims: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new non-thermal ablative method for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to compare the longer-term efficacy of IRE to the standard thermal technique of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in HCC. Methods: All patients who underwent IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2876db40c083", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation for malignant liver tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Gupta et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-021-07742-y", "pmid": "33638687", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: The data regarding overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) following irreversible electroporation (IRE) is scarce. We performed a systematic review of the safety and efficacy of IRE for liver malignancies. Methods: Searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases were performed through…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-902d30443469", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intratumoral STING Agonist Injection Combined with Irreversible Electroporation Delays Tumor Growth in a Model of Hepatocarcinoma", "authors": "Lasarte-Cia et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Biomed Res Int", "doi": "10.1155/2021/8852233", "pmid": "33575350", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/aim Irreversible electroporation (IRE) showed promising results for small-size tumors and very early cancers. However, further development is needed to evolve this procedure into a more efficient ablation technique for long-term control of tumor growth. In this work, we show that it is possible to increase the antitumor efficiency of IRE by simmultaneously injecting c-di-GMP, a STING agonist, intratumorally. Materials and methods Intratumoral administration of c-di-GMP simultaneously to IRE was evaluated in murine models of melanona (B16.OVA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (PM299L). Results The combined therapy increased the number of tumor-infiltrating IFN- γ /TNF- α -producing CD4 and CD8 T cells and delayed tumor growth, as compared to the effect observed in groups treated with c-di-GMP or IRE alone. Conclusion These results can lead to the development of a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer patients refractory to other therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6bb9f22de9f9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparison between high-frequency irreversible electroporation and irreversible electroporation ablation of small swine liver: follow-up of DCE-MRI and pathological observations", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Chin Med J (Engl)", "doi": "10.1097/cm9.0000000000001663", "pmid": "34172620", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a novel, next-generation nanoknife technology with the advantage of relieving irreversible electroporation (IRE)-induced muscle contractions. However, the difference between IRE and H-FIRE with distinct ablation parameters was not clearly defined…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-be8307c7a56f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Neutrophils are important for the development of pro-reparative macrophages after irreversible electroporation of the liver in mice", "authors": "Lopez-Ichikawa", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-94016-8", "pmid": "34294763", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tissue ablative technology that has emerging applications in surgical oncology and regenerative surgery. To advance its therapeutic usefulness, it is important to understand the mechanisms through which IRE induces cell death and the role of the innate immune system in mediating subsequent regenerative repair. Through intravital imaging of the liver in mice, we show that IRE produces distinctive tissue injury features, including delayed yet robust recruitment of neutrophils, consistent with programmed necrosis. IRE treatment converts the monocyte/macrophage balance from pro-inflammatory to pro-reparative populations, and depletion of neutrophils inhibits this conversion. Reduced generation of pro-reparative Ly6C lo F4/80 hi macrophages correlates with lower numbers of SOX9 + hepatic progenitor cells in areas of macrophage clusters within the IRE injury zone. Our findings suggest that neutrophils play an important role in promoting the development of pro-reparative Ly6C lo monocytes/macrophages at the site of IRE injury, thus establishing conditions of regenerative repair.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3e920b7760c5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma Invisible on Unenhanced CT: A Novel Combined Strategy with Prior Transarterial Tumor Marking", "authors": "Pan et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13092021", "pmid": "33922067", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: To explore the feasibility, safety, and efficiency of ethiodized oil tumor marking combined with irreversible electroporation (IRE) for small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) that were invisible on unenhanced computed tomography (CT). Methods: A retrospective analysis of the institutional database was performed from January 2018 to September 2018. Patients undergoing ethiodized oil tumor marking to improve target-HCC visualization in subsequent CT-guided IRE were retrieved. Target-HCC visualization after marking was assessed, and the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) were compared between pre-marking and post-marking CT images using the paired t -test. Standard IRE reports, adverse events, therapeutic endpoints, and survival were summarized and assessed. Results: Nine patients with 11 target-HCCs (11.1-18.8 mm) were included. After marking, all target-HCCs demonstrated complete visualization in post-marking CT, which were invisible in pre-marking CT. Quantitatively, the SNR of the target-HCCs significantly increased after marking (11.07 ± 4.23 vs. 3.36 ± 1.79, p = 0.006), as did the CNR (4.32 ± 3.31 vs. 0.43 ± 0.28, p = 0.023). In sequential IRE procedures, the average current was 30.1 ± 5.3 A, and both the delta ampere and percentage were positive with the mean values of 5.8 ± 2.1 A and 23.8 ± 6.3%, respectively. All procedures were technically successful without any adverse events. In the follow-up, no residual unablated tumor (endpoint-1) was observed. The half-year, one-year, and two-year local tumor progression (endpoint-2) rate was 0%, 9.1%, and 27.3%. The two-year overall survival rate was 100%. Conclusions: Ethiodized oil tumor marking enables to demarcate small HCCs that were invisible on unenhanced CT. It potentially allows a safe and complete ablation in subsequent CT-guided IRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "onceki_tedavi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f8a2ae76ab2e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation Zone Involution of Liver Tumors Is Faster in Patients Treated with Irreversible Electroporation Than Microwave Ablation", "authors": "Ridouani et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": "10.3390/medicina57090877", "pmid": "34577800", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and Objectives : To compare ablation zone involution following microwave ablation (MWA) or irreversible electroporation (IRE) of liver tumors. Materials and Methods : MWA or IRE performed for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during January 2011 to December 2015 were analyzed. Patients with a tumoral response on 1-year follow-up computed tomography (CT) were included. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the differences between the two modalities on ablation zone involution observed on CT at 6 (M6) and 12 months (M12), and on laboratory values (total bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and platelets count). The likelihood ratio test was used to assess whether the association between ablation modalities and these outcomes differed over time. Results : Seventeen (17/44, 39%) women and 27 (27/44, 61%) men were included, with 25 HCC (25/44, 57%) and 19 CRLM (19/44, 43%) patients. IRE was used in 9 (9/19, 47%) CRLM and 5 (5/25, 20%) HCC patients, respectively. All other patients had MWA. Ablation zone size and involution between IRE and MWA differed significantly over time (interaction p < 0.01), with a mean of 241.04 vs. 771.08 mm 2 (ratio 0.313; 95% CI, 0.165-0.592; p < 0.01) at M6 and 60.47 vs. 589.43 mm 2 (ratio 0.103; 95% CI, 0.029-0.365; p < 0.01) at M12. Changes in liver enzymes did not differ significantly between IRE and MWA at both timepoints. Conclusions : Liver tumors treated with IRE underwent faster involution when compared to tumors treated with MWA, but liver enzymes levels were comparable.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-79fc1638837e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Renal Ablation Does Not Cause Significant Injury to Adjacent Ureter or Bowel in a Porcine Model", "authors": "Sorokin et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Endourol", "doi": "10.1089/end.2020.0856", "pmid": "33198480", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for renal ablation adjacent to the ureter or bowel. Materials and Methods: Six adult pigs each underwent bilateral IRE of the kidney. To simulate adjacence, the left proximal ureter and duodenum were secured onto the left and right kidney capsule…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-efc4d1107d9d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Stereotactic navigation versus ultrasound guidance in placing IRE applicators in a liver phantom", "authors": "Stillström", "year": 2021, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-00505-1", "pmid": "34702894", "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of stereotactic CT-guided navigation and ultrasound guided navigation for placing electrodes in Irreversible electroporation in a liver phantom. A liver phantom with multiple tumours was used and interventionists placed four IRE electrodes around each tumour guided either by stereotactic CT-guided navigation or ultrasound. The goal was to place them in a perfect 20 × 20 mm square with parallel electrodes. After each treatment, a CT-scan was performed. The accuracy in pairwise electrode distance, pairwise parallelism and time per tumour was analysed. Eight interventionists placed four electrodes around 55 tumours, 25 with ultrasound and 30 with stereotactic CT-guided navigation. 330 electrode pairs were analysed, 150 with ultrasound and 180 with stereotactic CT-navigation. The absolute median deviation from the optimal distance was 1.3 mm (range 0.0 to 11.3 mm) in the stereotactic CT-navigation group versus 7.1 mm (range 0.3 to 18.1 mm) in the Ultrasound group (p < 0.001). The mean angle between electrodes in each pair was 2.7 degrees (95% CI 2.4 to 3.1 degrees) in the stereotactic CT-navigation group and 5.5 degrees (95% CI 5.0 to 6.1 degrees) in the Ultrasound group (p < 0.001). The mean time for placing the electrodes was 15:11 min (95% CI 13:05 to 17:18 min) in the stereotactic CT-navigation group and 6:40 min (95% CI 5:28 to 7:52 min) in the Ultrasound group. The use of stereotactic CT-navigation in placing IRE-electrodes in a liver phantom is more accurate, but more time consuming, compared to ultrasound guidance.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-00b965226031", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Accuracy of Electrode Placement in IRE Treatment with Navigated Guidance", "authors": "Stillström et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-020-02762-5", "pmid": "33474604", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Evaluate the accuracy of multiple electrode placements in IRE treatment of liver tumours using a stereotactic CT-based navigation system. Method: Analysing data from all IRE treatments of liver tumours at one institution until 31 December 2018. Comparing planned with validated electrode placement. Analysing lateral and angular errors and parallelism between electrode pairs RESULTS: Eighty-four tumours were treated in 60 patients. Forty-six per cent were hepatocellular carcinoma, and 36% were colorectal liver metastases. The tumours were located in all segments of the liver. Data were complete from 51 treatments. Two hundred and six electrodes and 336 electrode pairs were analysed. The median lateral and angular error, comparing planned and validated electrode placement, was 3.6 mm (range 0.2-13.6 mm) and 3.1° (range 0°-16.1°). All electrodes with a lateral error >10 mm were either re-positioned or excluded before treatment. The median angle between the electrode pairs was 3.8° (range 0.3°-17.2°). There were no electrode placement-related complications. Conclusion: The use of a stereotactic CT-based system for navigation of electrode placement in IRE treatment of liver tumours is safe, accurate and user friendly.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f8902e3a55e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Detection of Incomplete Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) and Microwave Ablation (MWA) of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Using Iodine Quantification in Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT)", "authors": "Bäumler", "year": 2022, "journal": "Diagnostics (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/diagnostics12040986", "pmid": "35454034", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Early detection of local tumor progression (LTP) after irreversible electroporation (IRE) and microwave ablation (MWA) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging. The goal of this study was to identify cases with insufficient ablation and prevent HCC recurrencies by measuring iodine uptake using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). In 54 HCC-patients, the volumetric iodine concentration (VIC) of the central and peripheral ablation area was evaluated by DECT within 24 h after IRE or MWA. Follow-up was performed with CT and/or MRI at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, respectively. In both groups, LTP was solely detected in the peripheral area (IRE: n = 4; MWA: n = 4) and LTP patients showed significantly higher VIC values in the peripheral zone than patients without LTP (IRE: * p = 0.0005; MWA: * p = 0.000). In IRE-LTP patients, no significant difference between the VIC values of non-ablated liver tissue and the peripheral zone was detected ( p = 0.155). The peripheral zones of IRE patients without LTP (* p = 0.000) and MWA patients, irrespective of the presence of LTP (LTP: * p = 0.005; without LTP: * p = 0.000), showed significantly lower VIC values than non-ablated liver parenchyma. Higher BCLC tumor stages were indicative for LTP (* p = 0.008). The study suggests that elevated iodine uptake in the peripheral ablation zone could help identify LTP after IRE and MWA of HCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-444d601430b4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "[Irreversible electroporation present and future in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma]", "authors": "Cano", "year": 2022, "journal": "An Sist Sanit Navar", "doi": "10.23938/assn.1019", "pmid": "36413004", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Currently, among the possible treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma there is group of minimally invasive ablation techniques with wide clinical acceptance due to their greater efficacy and safety in comparison to traditional therapies, low cost, and no need of being admitted to hospital (outpatient treatment program). Irreversible electroporation is a non-thermal ablation technique in which electrical fields are used to create nanopores in the cell membrane that induce tumor cell death. Irreversible electroporation has shown promising results in numerous clinical trials; however, its control on long-term tumor growth and recurrence is inferior in comparison to that of radiofrequency. Combining irreversible electroporation with immunological agents may increase its efficacy in the treatment of focal lesions and metastases. In this work, we present an update on IRE including procedure, mechanism of action, application as a treatment for HCC, and the improvements that have been made in the past few years. Entre los tratamientos actuales para el carcinoma hepatocelular se encuentra un grupo de técnicas de ablación mínimamente invasivas con gran aceptación clínica por su mayor eficacia y seguridad respecto a las terapias tradicionales, bajo coste económico y aplicación ambulatoria. La electroporación irreversible es una técnica de ablación no térmica que crea nanoporos en la membrana celular mediante administración de campos eléctricos, induciendo la muerte de las células tumorales. Aunque la electroporación irreversible presenta resultados prometedores en numerosos ensayos clínicos, su control a largo plazo del crecimiento y de las recidivas tumorales es inferior al de la radiofrecuencia. La combinación de electroporación irreversible con agentes inmunológicos podría aumentar su eficacia tanto en el tratamiento de lesiones focales como de metástasis. Esta revisión realiza una actualización sobre la electroporación irreversible: procedimiento, mecanismo de acción, aplicación como tratamiento del carcinoma hepatocelular y alternativas de mejora que están aflorando en los últimos años.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-sa" }, { "id": "ref-a41ea4feacea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Hepatocellular Carcinoma Intrinsic Cell Death Regulates Immune Response and Prognosis", "authors": "De Re et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.897703", "pmid": "35875093", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Ablative and locoregional treatment options, such as radiofrequency, ethanol injection, microwave, and cryoablation, as well as irreversible electroporation, are effective therapies for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatocyte death caused by ablative procedures is known to increase the release of tumor-associated antigen, thus enhancing tumor immunogenicity. In addition, the heat ablative resection induces pyroptotic cell death accompanied by the release of several inflammatory factors and immune-related proteins, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), heat shock proteins (HSPs), ficolin 3, ATP, and DNA/RNA, which potentiate the antitumoral immune response. Surgical approaches that enhance tumor necrosis and reduce hypoxia in the residual liver parenchyma have been shown to increase the disease-free survival rate by reducing the host's immunosuppressive response. Scalpel devices and targeted surgical approach combined with immune-modulating drugs are an interesting and promising area to maximize therapeutic outcomes after HCC ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8909bc62ddb2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Early Differentiation of Irreversible Electroporation Ablation Regions With Radiomics Features of Conventional MRI", "authors": "Eresen et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Acad Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.acra.2021.11.020", "pmid": "34933803", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Rationale and objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal ablation technique for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Early differentiation of the IRE zone from surrounding reversibly electroporated (RE) penumbra is vital for the evaluation of treatment response. In…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c17e206ee1e6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Recurrent Colorectal Liver Metastases in the Liver Remnant After Major Liver Surgery-IRE as a Salvage Local Treatment When Resection and Thermal Ablation are Unsuitable", "authors": "Hitpass", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-021-02981-4", "pmid": "34757483", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To examine the safety and short-term oncologic outcomes of computer-tomography-guided (CT-guided) irreversible electroporation (IRE) of recurrent, irresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) after major hepatectomy deemed unsuitable for thermal ablation. Patients and methods: Twenty-three patients undergoing CT-guided IRE of recurrent CRLM after major hepatectomy were included in this study. All tumors were located adjacent to sole remaining intrahepatic blood vessels and bile ducts, precluding thermal ablation. Patients underwent systematic clinical and imaging follow-up, including magnetic resonance imaging of the liver at 1-month and 3-month intervals thereafter. Time to local and intrahepatic tumor progression within 12 and 36 months and associated risk factors were assessed using Kaplan Meier and Cox regression analysis, respectively. Results: Complete ablation with a safety margin of at least 0.5 cm was achieved in 22/23 (95.6%) patients. No vessel injury or thrombosis occurred. Five patients developed moderate biliary stenosis after a median of 4 weeks, without requiring treatment. Local tumor-progression-free rates within 12/36 months were 64%/57.4%, respectively. Intrahepatic-progression-free rate within 12/36 months was 36.4%/19.5%, respectively. Five (23%) patients were tumor-free at the end of follow-up. Multivariate Cox regression analysis did not show any association between local tumor-progression-free rates and patient age, target tumor size, primary tumor side or synchronicity of liver metastases. Conclusion: In this highly selected patient population with local recurrences of CRLM after major surgery, IRE was shown to be a safe salvage treatment option when thermal ablation is unsuitable.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5eed6cee170e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for colorectal cancer liver metastasis a review", "authors": "Koethe et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2021.2008025", "pmid": "35469520", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation is gaining popularity over the last decade as a nonthermal alternative to thermal ablation technologies such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and Microwave ablation (MWA). This review serves as a practical guide for applying IRE to colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) for interventional radiologists, oncologists, surgeons, and anesthesiologists. It covers patient selection, procedural technique, anesthesia, imaging, and outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2292fbaf5afe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Microwave Ablation, Radiofrequency Ablation, Irreversible Electroporation, and Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy for Intermediate Size (3-5 cm) Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis", "authors": "Nieuwenhuizen", "year": 2022, "journal": "Curr Oncol Rep", "doi": "10.1007/s11912-022-01248-6", "pmid": "35298796", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose of review: Based on good local control rates and an excellent safety profile, guidelines consider thermal ablation the gold standard to eliminate small unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). However, efficacy decreases exponentially with increasing tumour size. The preferred treatment for intermediate-size unresectable CRLM remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis compare safety and efficacy of local ablative treatments for unresectable intermediate-size CRLM (3-5 cm). Recent findings: We systematically searched for publications reporting treatment outcomes of unresectable intermediate-size CRLM treated with thermal ablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE) or stereotactic ablative body-radiotherapy (SABR). No comparative studies or randomized trials were found. Literature to assess effectiveness was limited and there was substantial heterogeneity in outcomes and study populations. Per-patient local control ranged 22-90% for all techniques; 22-89% (8 series) for thermal ablation, 44% (1 series) for IRE, and 67-90% (1 series) for SABR depending on radiation dose. Focal ablative therapy is safe and can induce long-term disease control, even for intermediate-size CRLM. Although SABR and tumuor-bracketing techniques such as IRE are suggested to be less susceptible to size, evidence to support any claims of superiority of one technique over the other is unsubstantiated by the available evidence. Future prospective comparative studies should address local-tumour-progression-free-survival, local control rate, overall survival, adverse events, and quality-of-life.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-61f38e38d735", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Needle tract seeding following percutaneous irreversible electroporation for hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Onafowokan et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "BMJ Case Rep", "doi": "10.1136/bcr-2022-251880", "pmid": "36223977", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablative technique for unresectable liver malignancies deemed unsuitable for traditional thermal ablation due to proximity to biliary and/or vascular structures. Needle tract tumour seeding is a well-recognised complication following thermal ablation, while little is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-df997920df15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Chinese clinical practice guidelines for ultrasound-guided irreversible electroporation of liver cancer (version 2022)", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.08.006", "pmid": "36058782", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Liver cancer remains a global health challenge, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that by 2025, more than one million individuals will be affected by liver cancer annually [1,2]. In recent years, ablation has become a widely accepted treatment option for patients with primary and secondary liver malignancies [3]. The commonly used ablation method for liver cancer is thermal ablation, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, laser ablation and cryoablation. However, many tumors cannot be treated with thermal ablation owing to hazardous tumor location. Thermal ablation of tumors adjacent to large blood vessels is associated with a higher incidence of incomplete eradication (heat-sink effect). In addition, these modalities can cause thermal injury to important structures such as bile ducts or intestines in the vicinity of the ablated area and can therefore be contraindicated [4,5].", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "indexTypes": [ "Practice Guideline" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-fb16bd732fbd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for liver cancer ablation A meta analysis", "authors": "Yu et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2021.12.015", "pmid": "35012834", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of IRE in the treatment of hepatic malignant tumors, especially the damage to the gastrointestinal tract, bile ducts, and vital vessels. Methods: The relevant literatures published from January 1, 2010 to July 1, 2021 were searched from PubMed and Embase databases. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8bbb73822c19", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Novel irreversible electroporation ablation (Nano-knife) versus radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of solid liver tumors: a comparative, randomized, multicenter clinical study", "authors": "Zhang", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.945123", "pmid": "36249062", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a soft tissue ablation technique that uses short electrical fields which induce the death of target cells. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an IRE-based device compared to regular radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of solid liver tumors, in this multicenter, randomized, parallel-arm, non-inferiority study, 152 patients with malignant liver tumors were randomized into IRE (n = 78) and RFA (n = 74) groups. The primary endpoint was the success rate of tumor ablation; the secondary endpoints included the tumor ablation time, complications, tumor recurrence rates and treatment-related adverse events (TRAE). The success rate of tumor ablation using IRE was 94.9% and was non-inferior to the RFA group (96.0%) (P = 0.761). For the secondary endpoints, the average ablation time was 34.29 ± 30.38 min for the IRE group, which was significantly longer than for the RFA group (19.91 ± 16.08 min) (P < 0.001). The incidences of postoperative complications after 1 week (P = 1.000), 1 month (P = 0.610) and 3 months (P = 0.490) were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The recurrence rates of liver tumor at 1, 3 and 6 months after ablation were 0 (0.0%), 10 (13.9%) and 10 (13.3%) in the IRE group and 2.9%, 7.3% and 19.7% in the RFA control group (all P > 0.05), respectively. For safety assessments, 51 patients experienced 191 AEs (65.4%) in the IRE group, which was not different from the RFA group (73.0%, 54/184) (P = 0.646). In 7 IRE patients, 8 TRAEs (7.9%) occurred, the most common being edema of the limbs (mild grade) and fever (severe grade), while no TRAEs occurred in the RFA group. This study proved that the excellent safety and efficacy of IRE was non-inferior to the regular radiofrequency device in ablation performance for the treatment of solid liver tumors. Clinical trial registration : Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1800017516.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f95f61532bdf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Survival after combined resection and ablation is not inferior to that after resection alone, in patients with four or more colorectal liver metastases", "authors": "Amygdalos", "year": 2023, "journal": "Langenbecks Arch Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s00423-023-03082-1", "pmid": "37642753", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) are the predominant factor limiting survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Multimodal treatment strategies are frequently necessary to achieve total tumor elimination. This study examines the efficacy of liver resection combined with local ablative therapy in comparison to liver resection only, in the treatment of patients with ≥ 4 CRLM. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany. Patients with ≥ 4 CRLM in preoperative imaging, who underwent curative resection between 2010-2021, were included. Recurrent resections and deaths in the early postoperative phase were excluded. Ablation modalities included radiofrequency or microwave ablation, and irreversible electroporation. Differences in overall- (OS) and recurrence-free-survival (RFS) between patients undergoing combined resection-ablation vs. resection only, were examined. Results: Of 178 included patients, 46 (27%) underwent combined resection-ablation and 132 (73%) resection only. Apart from increased rates of adjuvant chemotherapy in the first group (44% vs. 25%, p = 0.014), there were no differences in perioperative systemic therapy. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test analyses showed no statistically significant differences in median OS (36 months for both, p = 0.638) or RFS (9 months for combined resection-ablation vs. 8 months, p = 0.921). Cox regression analysis showed a hazard ratio of 0.891 (p = 0.642) for OS and 0.981 (p = 0.924) for RFS, for patients undergoing resection only. Conclusion: For patients with ≥ 4 CRLM, combined resection-ablation is a viable option in terms of OS and RFS. Therefore, combined resection-ablation should be considered for complete tumor clearance, in patients with multifocal disease.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5f24959acf18", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Single-Cell Electroporation Model for Quantitatively Estimating the Pore Area Ratio by High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Ding et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Applied Sciences", "doi": "10.3390/app13031808", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The electroporation technique utilizes pulsed electric fields to induce porous defects in the cell membrane, and the technique can be used for delivering drugs into cells and killing cancer cells. To develop an electric pulse protocol in the clinic with this technique, the key issue is to understand the evolution of pores in the cell membrane during the process of electroporation. This paper presents a study to address this issue. Specifically, a mathematical model of single-cell electroporation (SCE) was developed, which includes pore area ratio (PAR) as an indicator of the electroporation dynamics and area weight for considering the 3D nature of cells. The model was employed to simulate the electroporation of a single cell with different high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) protocols. The simulation result has found that the change of PAR with respect to the time duration of electroporation follows a sigmoid pattern to increase under specific protocols, which is called the cumulative effect of PAR. Subsequently, the relationship between the protocol of H-FIRE, described by a set of pulse parameters such as pulse width, pulse delay, electric field strength, and pulse burst duration, and the cumulative effect of PAR was established, which thereby allows designing the protocol to kill cells effectively. The study concluded that the proposed SCE model, along with the cumulative effect of PAR, is useful in designing H-FIRE protocols for the ablation of cancer tumors in the clinic.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9562adf9c610", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer liver metastases: A nationwide multicenter study with short- and long-term follow-up", "authors": "Frühling et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107046", "pmid": "37716017", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: A nationwide multicenter study was performed to examine short- and long-term effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). IRE is an alternative method when thermal ablation is contraindicated because of risk for serious thermal complications. Methods: All consecutive patients in Sweden treated with IRE because of HCC or CRCLM, were included between 2011 and 2018. We evaluated medical records and radiological imaging to obtain information regarding patient-, tumor-, and treatment characteristics. We also assessed local tumor progression, and survival. Results: In total 206 tumors in 149 patients were treated with IRE. Eighty-seven patients (58.4%) had colorectal cancer liver metastases, and 62 patients (41.6%) had hepatocellular carcinoma. Median tumor size was 20 mm (i.q.r. 14-26 mm). Median overall survival for CRCLM and HCC, were 27.0 months (95% CI 22.2-31.8 months), and 35.0 months (95% CI 13.8-56.2 months), respectively. Median follow-up time was 58 months (95% CI 50.6-65.4). Local ablation success at six and twelve months for HCC was 58.3% and 40.3%, and for CRCLM 37.7% and 25.4%. The median time to local tumor progression (LTP) for HCC was 21.0 months (95% CI: 9.5-32.5 months), and for CRCLM 6.0 months (95% CI: 4.5-7.5 months). At 30-day follow-up, 15.4% (n = 23) of patients suffered from a complication rated as Clavien-Dindo grade 1-3a. Three patients (2.0%) had grade 3b-5 with one death in a thromboembolic event. Conclusion: IRE is a safe ablation modality for patients with liver tumors that are located in such a way that other treatment options are unsuitable.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d3228d3ea0c6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Assessment of Hepatic Lesions After non-Thermal Tumor Ablation by Irreversible Electroporation in a Pig Model", "authors": "Jeon et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338221147122", "pmid": "37861099", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal and minimal invasive modality to ablate pathologic lesions such as hepatic tumors. Histological analysis of the initial lesions after IRE can help predict ablation efficacy. We aimed to investigate the histological characteristics of early hepatic lesions after IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-81b380c3a471", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Histological Response to 5 kHz Irreversible Electroporation in a Porcine Liver Model", "authors": "Kim", "year": 2023, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338231171767", "pmid": "37125478", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Unlike necrosis by thermal ablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE) is known to induce apoptosis by disrupting plasma membrane integrity with electric pulses while preserving the structure of blood vessels and bile ducts in liver tissue without a heat sink effect. This study aimed to investigate thermal damage and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6776c3de4137", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Role of Ablative Techniques in the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Indications and Outcomes", "authors": "Koza et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines11041062", "pmid": "37189680", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "The management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains complex and will continue to rely on the multidisciplinary input of hepatologists, surgeons, radiologists, oncologists and radiotherapists. With the appropriate staging of patients and selection of suitable treatments, the outcomes for HCC are improving. Surgical treatments encompassing both liver resection and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are the definitive curative-intent options. However, patient suitability, as well as organ availability, pose essential limitations. Consequently, non-surgical options, such as ablative techniques, play an increasingly important role, especially in small HCCs, where overall and disease-free survival can be comparable to surgical resection. Ablative techniques are globally recommended in recognised classification systems, showing increasingly promising results. Recent technical refinements, as well as the emerging use of robotic assistance, may expand the treatment paradigm to achieve improved oncological results. At present, in very early stage and early stage unresectable disease, percutaneous thermal ablation is considered the treatment of choice. Owing to their different features, various ablative techniques, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryotherapy ablation and irreversible electroporation, have been shown to confer different comparative advantages and applicability. We herein review the role of available ablative techniques in the current complex multidisciplinary management of HCC, with a main focus on the indications and outcomes, and discuss future perspectives.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-10340b8b0fe8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Robotic-assisted percutaneous irreversible electroporation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "L'Huillier et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Diagn Interv Imaging", "doi": "10.1016/j.diii.2023.08.003", "pmid": "37679270", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": ", Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablative approach used for the treatment of liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases [1−4]. It allows lesion destruction while preserving collagenic tissue supporting critical, atrisk structures such as central bile ducts, gallbladder and segments of gastrointestinal tract [1]. IRE requires insertion of multiple needles, placed as parallel as possible and at a fixed distance (15 to 24 mm), which can be challenging [1]. We recently described our experience using the EPIONE robotic device (Quantum Surgical) for microwave ablation (MWA) of HCC [5]. We report herein the application of robotic-assisted IRE for the percutaneous treatment of HCC using the EPIONE robotic device. Five patients were treated with percutaneous IRE (NanoKnife, Angiodynamics) using the EPIONE robotic device at our institution between February and May 2023.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-b175c5574a04", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Plant-based model for the visual evaluation of electroporated area after irreversible electroporation and its comparison to in-vivo animal data", "authors": "Lindelauf et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Sci Prog", "doi": "10.1177/00368504231156294", "pmid": "36803089", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) is widely used in medicine, such as cancer treatment, in form of electrochemotherapy or irreversible electroporation (IRE). For EP device testing, living cells or tissue inside a living organism (including animals) are needed. Plant-based models seem to be a promising alternative to substitute animal models in research. The aim of this study is to find a suitable plant-based model for visual evaluation of IRE, and to compare the geometry of electroporated areas with in-vivo animal data.For this purpose, a variety of fruit and vegetables were selected and visually evaluated after 0/1/2/4/6/8/12/16/24 h post-EP. Apple and potato were found to be suitable models as they enabled a visual evaluation of the electroporated area. For these models, the size of the electroporated area was determined after 0/1/2/4/6/8/12/16/24 h. For apples, a well-defined electroporated area was visual within two hours, while in potatoes it reached a plateau after eight hours only. The electroporated area of apple, which showed the fastest visual results was then compared to a retrospectively evaluated swine liver IRE dataset which had been obtained for similar conditions. The electroporated area of the apple and swine liver both showed a spherical geometry of comparable size. For all experiments, the standard protocol for human liver IRE was followed. To conclude, potato and apple were found to be suitable plant-based models for the visual evaluation of electroporated area after irreversible EP, with apple being the best choice for fast visual results. Given the comparable range, the size of the electroporated area of the apple may be promising as a quantitative predictor in animal tissue. Even if plant-based models cannot completely replace animal experiments, they can be used in the early stages of EP device development and testing, decreasing animal experiments to the necessary minimum.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e786c8dc6e46", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pulse Parameters and Thresholds for (ir)Reversible Electroporation on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in Vitro ", "authors": "Lindelauf et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338221136694", "pmid": "36600679", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer-related death in many parts of the world. Traditional treatment options are not always effective. During the promising minimally invasive electroporation-based therapies, biological cell membranes are exposed to an external, sufficiently high, pulsed electric field which creates so-called nanopores into the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. These pores can either be permanent (irreversible electroporation (IRE)), leading to apoptosis, or repairable (reversible electroporation (RE)), with continued cell function. In tumor therapy, RE is used to increase the diffusion of a chemotherapeutic drug during electrochemotherapy. For both IRE and RE, the success of the treatment is dependent on application of the appropriate electric field. Therefore, this study aims to define the pulse parameters and thresholds for IRE and RE on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells in-vitro .In a custom-made in-vitro setup, HepG2 cell viability (0, 5, 10, and 15 min), and the peak temperature were measured after electroporation with the different IRE and RE pulsing protocols, to determine the most successful settings for IRE and RE. A CAM/PI flow cytometric assay was performed to confirm cell permeabilization for the RE pulsing protocols with the highest cell viability.The results indicated that an IRE pulsing protocol (70 pulses, 100 µ s pulse length, and 100 ms interval) with an electric field strength of 4000 V/cm was needed as threshold for almost complete cell death of HepG2 cells. A RE pulsing protocol (8 pulses, 100 µ s pulse length, and 1000 ms interval) with an electric field strength of 1000 V/cm was needed as threshold for viable and permeabilized HepG2 cells. The low peak temperatures (max 30.1°C for IRE, max 23.1°C for RE) within this study indicated that the reduction in HepG2 cell viability was caused by the applied electric field and was not a result of Joule heating.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-74eedcbc3759", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation compared with radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Pan et al", "year": 2023, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-2897431/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background At present, the main clinical application of local ablation therapy, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is to heat the tissue to a certain temperature. However, high temperature will cause thermal damage. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel minimally invasive local ablation technology for tumors. By high-frequency pulse, the tumor cell membrane can be irretrievably perforated, resulting in the destruction of the intracellular environment, which can preserve important structures in the treatment area. However, there are no randomized controlled clinical trials comparing the efficacy of IRE with traditional local ablation in the treatment of liver cancer. Methods We will conduct a multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled non-inferiority clinical trial to compare the efficacy and safety of IRE and RFA for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One hundred and ninety patients with HCC from five academic medical centers will be enrolled. The patients will be randomized into treatment arm (IRE) and control arm (RFA). The primary outcome is the progress -free survival (PFS) and the key secondary outcome is the Overall survival (OS). Results Thirty-three patients have completed the 1-month follow-up. These 33 patients (median age, 59.1 years) have a total of 38 tumors, and the mean largest tumor diameter is 3.9 cm. In these 33 patients, no end point was observed for PFS or OS in both groups, and the complete ablation rate was 100% in both groups. The lesions in the IRE group showed obvious shrinkage 1 month after surgery. One major adverse event (AE) was occurred in the control group. Conclusions This is the first randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the clinical effects of IRE and RFA. The preliminary results suggest that both RFA and IRE are effective in the treatment of HCC, which can provide strong evidence for the use of IRE in HCC and provide more options for the treatment of patients with HCC. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05451160.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d8cb5ff405e8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Quantitative Review of Anesthesia in Liver Tumor Ablation: A Bibliometric Study from 1999 to 2022", "authors": "Qu et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Med Sci Monit", "doi": "10.12659/msm.939607", "pmid": "37277976", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND Ablation has been developed as a radical surgical procedure for liver tumors. Local anesthesia in combination with general anesthesia or intravenous sedation is needed in ablative procedures. Although many studies have been published, a related bibliometric study is lacking. The present bibliometric…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-01eddfc41405", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Preliminary evaluation of the safety and efficacy of glucose solution infusion through the hepatic artery on irreversible electroporation focusing", "authors": "Sarreshtehdari et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-023-33487-3", "pmid": "37130847", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Due to electrical features of the tissue, such as impedance, which have a significant impact on irreversible electroporation (IRE) function, the administration of glucose solution 5% (GS5%) through the hepatic artery would focus IRE on scattered liver tumors. By creating a differential impedance between healthy and tumor tissue. This study aimed to determine the effects of the GS5% protocol on healthy liver tissue and its safety. 21 male Athymic nude rats Hsd: RH-Foxn1 mu were used in the study. Animals were split into two groups. In group 1, a continuous infusion through the gastroduodenal artery of GS5% was performed to measure the impedance with a dose of 0.008 mL/g for 16 min. In group 2, the animals were divided into two subgroups for infusions of GS5%. Group 2.1, at 0.008 mL/g for 16 min. Group 2.2 at 0.03 mL/g for 4 min. Blood samples were collected after anesthesia has been induced. The second sample, after catheterization of the artery, and the third after the GS5% infusion. All the animals were sacrificed to collect histological samples. The survival rate during the experiment was 100%. A considerable impact on the impedance of the tissue was noticed, on average up to 4.31 times more than the baseline, and no side effects were observed after GS5% infusion. In conclusion, impedance alteration by Glucose solution infusion may focus IRE on tumor tissue and decrease IRE's effects on healthy tissue.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a52ca06c23e3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer A Systematic Review", "authors": "Spiers", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15092428", "pmid": "37173895", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal form of ablation based on the delivery of pulsed electrical fields. It has been used to treat liver lesions, particularly those in proximity to major hepatic vasculature. The role of this technique in the portfolio of treatments for colorectal hepatic metastases has not been clearly defined. This study undertakes a systematic review of IRE for treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases. Methods: The study protocol was registered with the PROSPERO register of systematic reviews (CRD42022332866) and reports in compliance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). The Ovid MEDLINE ® , EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were queried in April 2022. The search terms 'irreversible electroporation', 'colon cancer', 'rectum cancer' and 'liver metastases' were used in combinations. Studies were included if they provided information on the use of IRE for patients with colorectal hepatic metastases and reported procedure and disease-specific outcomes. The searches returned 647 unique articles and the exclusions left a total of eight articles. These were assessed for bias using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS criteria) and reported using the synthesis without meta-analysis guideline (SWiM). Results: One hundred eighty patients underwent treatment for liver metastases from colorectal cancer. The median transverse diameter of tumours treated by IRE was <3 cm. Ninety-four (52%) tumours were adjacent to major hepatic inflow/outflow structures or the vena cava. IRE was undertaken under general anaesthesia with cardiac cycle synchronisation and with the use of either CT or ultrasound for lesion localisation. Probe spacing was less than 3.2 cm for all ablations. There were two (1.1%) procedure-related deaths in 180 patients. There was one (0.5%) post-operative haemorrhage requiring laparotomy, one (0.5%) bile leak, five (2.8%) post-procedure biliary strictures and a zero incidence of post-IRE liver failure. Conclusions: This systematic review shows that IRE for colorectal liver metastases can be accomplished with low procedure-related morbidity and mortality. Further prospective study is required to assess the role of IRE in the portfolio of treatments for patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6429dc50cc2d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparisons of Radiofrequency Ablation, Microwave Ablation, and Irreversible Electroporation by Using Propensity Score Analysis for Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Wada et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15030732", "pmid": "36765689", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Despite the diversity of thermal ablations, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA), and non-thermal ablation, such as irreversible electroporation (IRE) cross-comparisons of multiple ablative modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment remain scarce. Thus, we investigated the therapeutic outcomes of different three ablation modalities in the treatment of early stage HCC. Methods: A total of 322 consecutive patients with 366 HCCs (mean tumor size ± standard deviation: 1.7 ± 0.9 cm) who underwent RFA (n = 216, 59.0%), MWA (n = 91, 28.3%), or IRE (n = 15, 4.7%) were included. Local tumor progression (LTP) rates for LTP were compared among the three modalities. Propensity score-matched analysis was used to reduce selection bias. Results: A significant difference in 2-year LTP rates between the IRE and RFA groups (IRE, 0.0% vs. RFA, 45.0%; p = 0.005) was found. There was no significant difference in 2-year LTP rates between the IRE and MWA groups (IRE, 0.0% vs. MWA, 25.0%; p = 0.103) as well as between the RFA and MWA groups (RFA, 18.2% vs. MWA, 20.6%; p = 0.586). Conclusion: IRE provides better local tumor control than RFA as a first-line therapeutic option for small perivascular HCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-527bd407355d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Abstract No. 180 Quantitative MRI Texture Analysis for Evaluating Treatment Response Following Irreversible Electroporation Ablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Yu et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.236", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kongre Özeti", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "No. 179 Percutaneous Placement of Lumen Apposing Metallic Stents for Patients with Afferent Loop Syndrome E. Klein1, L. Swanstrom2, C. Barragan1, H. Shmilovich3, E. Shlomovitz3; 1University Health Network; 2University of Strasbourg; 3Toronto General Hospital Purpose: Lumen apposing metal stents (LAMS) are rapidly…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b2c9bbca6df5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation compared with radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Cheng", "year": 2024, "journal": "World J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1186/s12957-024-03614-z", "pmid": "39707376", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: At present, the main clinical application of local ablation therapy, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is to heat the tissue to a certain temperature. However, high temperature will cause thermal damage. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel minimally invasive local ablation technology for tumors. By high-frequency pulse, the tumor cell membrane can be irretrievably perforated, resulting in the destruction of the intracellular environment, which can preserve important structures in the treatment area. However, there are no randomized controlled clinical trials comparing the efficacy of IRE with traditional local ablation in the treatment of liver cancer. Aims: This study aims to conduct a randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the efficacy of IRE with RFA in the treatment of liver cancer. Methods: We will conduct a multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled non-inferiority clinical trial to compare the efficacy and safety of IRE and RFA for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One hundred and ninety patients with HCC from five academic medical centers will be enrolled. The patients will be randomized into treatment arm (IRE) and control arm (RFA). The primary outcome is the progress -free survival (PFS) and the key secondary outcome is the Overall survival (OS). Results: Forty-eight patients had been recruited from 5 centers, of which, 33 patients (median age, 59.1 years) with 38 tumors had completed the 1-month follow-up and 21 patients have complete the 3-month follow up, with 2.3 months median follow up period. The mean largest tumor diameter is 3.9 cm. No end point was observed for PFS or OS in both groups, and the complete ablation rate was 100% in both groups. The lesions in the IRE group showed obvious shrinkage 1 month after procedure. One major adverse event (AE) was occurred in the control group. Conclusion: This is the first randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the clinical effects of IRE and RFA. The preliminary results suggest that both RFA and IRE are effective in the treatment of HCC, which can provide strong evidence for the use of IRE in HCC and provide more options for the treatment of patients with HCC. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials. gov, identifier NCT05451160.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1465d21c9ec0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Oncologic Outcomes after Percutaneous Ablation for Colorectal Liver Metastases: An Updated Comprehensive Review", "authors": "Chlorogiannis et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": "10.3390/medicina60091536", "pmid": "39336577", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality, with liver metastases occurring in over a third of patients, and is correlated with poor prognosis. Despite surgical resection being the primary treatment option, only about 20% of patients qualify for surgery. Current guidelines recommend thermal ablation either alone or combined with surgery to treat limited hepatic metastases, provided that all visible disease can be effectively eradicated. Several ablation modalities, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, irreversible electroporation and histotripsy, are part of the percutaneous ablation armamentarium. Thermal ablation, including radiofrequency, microwave ablation and cryoablation, can offer local tumor control rates comparable to limited resection for selected tumors that can be ablated with margins. This review aims to encapsulate the current clinical evidence regarding the efficacy and oncologic outcomes after percutaneous ablation for the treatment of colorectal liver metastatic disease.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-782f7a70ec15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Change in tissue resistance after irreversible electroporation in liver tumors as an indicator of treatment success - A multi-center analysis with long term follow-up", "authors": "Frühling et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108508", "pmid": "38950490", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: A nationwide multicenter study was performed to examine whether there is a correlation between decrease in tissue resistance and time to local tumor recurrence after irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Methods: All patients treated with IRE for liver tumors in Sweden from 2011 until 2018 were included. Patient characteristics and recurrence patterns were obtained from medical records and radiological imaging. All procedural data from the IRE hardware at the three hospitals performing IRE were retrieved. The resistance during each pulse and the change during each treatment were calculated. The electrode pair with the smallest decrease in tissue resistance was used and compared with the time to LTP. Results: 149 patients with 206 tumors were treated. Exclusion due to missing and inaccurate data resulted in 124 patients with 170 tumors for the analyses. In a multivariable Cox regression model, a smaller decrease in tissue resistance and larger tumor size were associated with shorter time to local tumor recurrence for CRCLM, but not for HCC. Conclusion: There was an association between a decrease in tissue resistance and time to local tumor recurrence for CRCLM. The decrease in resistance, in combination with a rise in current, may be the parameters the interventionist should use during IRE to decide if the treatment is successful.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-43dd56b41109", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A retrospective study of irreversible electroporation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure", "authors": "Gong", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2024.1387952", "pmid": "39328209", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation has been proved as a feasible and safe method against tumor in liver. However, few studies focused on tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure like vessels, biliary system and gall bladder. These structures limit the effectiveness of conventional treatments. The aim of this article is to analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatic tumors at the special sites who received IRE treatment and provide reliable evidence for broadening the scope of IRE's clinical application. Methods: The clinical information of patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure between February 2017 and December 2021 was collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT or MRI for further evaluation at the 1-month follow-up and every 3 months thereafter. Post-ablation complications, recurrence, progression-free survival and overall survival were evaluated to analyze the prognosis of IRE ablation adjacent to perihepatic important structure. Categorical variables are presented as numbers followed by percentages. Continuous data are presented as the mean ± deviation. The tumor size and IRE ablation size were evaluated by the maximum diameters. Results: Thirty-two patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumor adjacent to perihepatic important structure were studied in this research. There were 39 lesions in 32 patients treated with IRE ablation. Fourteen of them (35.9%) were located adjacent to the porta hepatis, and 8 of them (20.5%) were located adjacent to the hepatocaval confluence. Subcapsular lesions accounted for 15.4% (6 of 39 lesions). The other 11 lesions were in the para gallbladder (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%), the caudate lobe (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%) and the colonic hepatic flexure (1 of 39 lesions, 2.6%). According to the Clavien-Dindo classification system for complications, all relative patients with cancer experienced complications below class III except one patient who developed postoperative hemorrhagic shock and improved after timely treatment. Recurrence in situ was observed in 5 of 32 (15.6%) patients. The median PFS of the patients who received IRE ablation was 384 days, and the median OS was 571 days. Conclusion: IRE ablation is a feasible and safe treatment strategy for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure. With improved equipment, optimized therapeutic parameters and long-term clinical trials, IRE will play an increasingly important role in the treatment of tumors in liver.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-53e169d6f19b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Temperature Distribution on Classical Two Needles IRE Setup Versus a Single Needle Prototype", "authors": "Jouni", "year": 2024, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338241288342", "pmid": "39440388", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal minimally invasive cancer therapy used in the treatment of liver tumors. However, the therapy entails an electrical current flux which can be high enough to cause a noticeable temperature increase. Therefore, the analysis of the heat distribution is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c1e6e9118554", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ultrasound-guided percutaneous high-frequency irreversible electroporation in porcine livers using four electrode needles: A feasibility and safety study", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancer Med", "doi": "10.1002/cam4.7035", "pmid": "38491833", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Malignant liver tumors seriously endanger human health. Among different therapeutic approaches, high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a recently emerging tumor ablation technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous H-FIRE using four electrode needles in porcine livers. Methods: Twelve experimental pigs underwent percutaneous H-FIRE ablation using a compound steep-pulse therapeutic device. Liver tissues adjacent to the gallbladder, blood vessels, and bile ducts were selected as the ablation targets. Pigs were randomly divided into three groups: (1) immediately after ablation (N = 4), (2) 2 days after ablation (N = 4), and (3) 7 days after ablation (N = 4). Blood routine, liver and kidney function, and myocardial enzyme levels were measured before and after ablation. Ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and hematoxylin-eosin staining were performed to evaluate the ablation performance. Results: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous H-FIRE ablations using four electrode needles were successfully performed in all 12 experimental pigs. The general conditions of the pigs, including postoperative activities and feeding behaviors, were normal, with no significant changes compared with the preoperative conditions. The imaging features of ultrasound, CEUS, and MRI demonstrated no significant changes in the gallbladder walls, bile ducts, or blood vessels close to the ablation areas. Laboratory tests showed that liver function indices and myocardial enzymes increased temporarily after H-FIRE ablation, but decreased to normal levels at 7 days after ablation. Histopathological examinations of porcine liver specimens showed that this technique could effectively ablate the target areas without damaging the surrounding or internal vascular systems and gallbladder. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous H-FIRE ablation in porcine livers in vivo, and proposed a four-needle method to optimize its clinical application.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5c604db55d33", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Treating Colorectal Liver Metastases in Proximity to Critical Structures", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2024.08.021", "pmid": "39218213", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and oncological outcomes of irreversible electroporation (IRE) of unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) close to critical structures. Materials and methods: This is a single-center, institutional review board (IRB)-approved, retrospective analysis of patients who underwent percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided IRE of CRLM. Between August 2018 and October 2023, 26 patients had 46 tumors treated with percutaneous IRE in 30 ablation sessions. Primary end points were tumor response and local progression-free survival analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Secondary end points were overall survival (OS), distant progression-free survival (DPFS) analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, adverse events rated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), and length of hospital stay. Results: All tumors were close to critical structures, including the portal and hepatic veins, inferior vena cava, bile ducts, and gallbladder. All patients received preprocedural systemic therapy (median 10 cycles). Median length of hospital stay was 1 night. Adverse events occurred in 7 (23%) of 30 procedures, with four Grade 1 and two Grade 2 adverse events, including pleural effusions (n = 2), ileus (n = 1), small hematoma (n = 1), and pneumothorax (n = 2) requiring chest tube placements. Following IRE, the 1- and 2-year local tumor progression-free survival rates were 55.0% and 51.3%. The median DPFS was 3.5 months, with 1- and 2-year DPFS rates of 23.3% and 9.7%. Six patients (23.1%) died during follow-up, with a median OS of 40.4 months. The 1- and 2-year OS rates were 90.9% and 83.9%. Conclusions: IRE is a safe and viable option in the treatment of unresectable CRLMs in locations close to critical structures, but carries a risk of local recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5fe1b4d55e1b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of the Hepatobiliary System Current Utilization and Future Avenues", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas)", "doi": "10.3390/medicina60020251", "pmid": "38399539", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Liver cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide despite numerous advances in treatment. While surgical resection remains the gold standard for curative treatment, it is only possible for a minority of patients. Thermal ablation is an effective option for the treatment of smaller tumors; however, its use is limited to tumors that are not located in proximity to sensitive structures due to the heat sink effect and the potential of thermal damage. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablative modality that can deliver targeted treatment and the effective destruction of tumors that are in close proximity to or even surrounding vascular or biliary ducts with minimal damage to these structures. IRE produces short pulses of high-frequency energy which opens pores in the lipid bilayer of cells leading to apoptosis and cell death. IRE has been utilized clinically for over a decade in the treatment of liver cancers with multiple studies documenting an acceptable safety profile and high efficacy rates.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d72c32809fc0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Liver-tumor mimics as a potential translational framework for planning and testing irreversible electroporation with multiple electrodes", "authors": "Vera-Tizatl", "year": 2024, "journal": "Bioeng Transl Med", "doi": "10.1002/btm2.10607", "pmid": "38193113", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as an appealing non-ionizing, non-thermal ablation therapy, independent of antineoplastic drugs. Limited but successful outcomes in IRE conducted in vivo, in small focal hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), have been reported. Nonetheless, the electric parameters of IRE are usually delivered in an unplanned manner. This work investigates the integration of computational modeling to hydrogels mimicking the HCC microenvironment, as a powerful framework to: circumvent ethical concerns of in vivo experimentation; safely tune the electric parameters reaching the IRE electric field threshold; and propel the translation of IRE as a routine clinical alternative to the treatment of HCC. Therefore, a parametric study served to evaluate the effects of the pulse amplitude, the number of pulses and electrodes, the treatment time, the hydrogel-tumor size, and the cell type. The ablation extent was surveyed by confocal microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in cylindrical and realistic tumor-shaped hydrogels, respectively. A large ablation (70%-100%) was verified in all constructs.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-43ffc98e8868", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The debate between electricity and heat, efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation and radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of liver cancer: A meta-analysis", "authors": "Xing", "year": 2024, "journal": "Open Life Sci", "doi": "10.1515/biol-2022-0991", "pmid": "39711974", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Both irreversible electroporation (IRE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are viable ablation methods for localized treatment of liver tumors. We conducted a meta-analysis to access the efficacy and safety of IRE and RFA in liver cancer treatment. Clinical studies on IRE and RFA for the treatment of liver cancer were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-17b2efcd4e9d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "ViT-based quantification of intratumoral heterogeneity for predicting the early recurrence in HCC following multiple ablation", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Liver Int", "doi": "10.1111/liv.16051", "pmid": "39526488", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: This study aimed to develop a quantitative intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) model for assessing the risk of early recurrence (ER) in pre-treatment multimodal imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing ablation treatments. Methods: This multi-centre study enrolled 633 HCC patients who…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2dd5b0ba1385", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Threatment Strategies for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: Ablation and its Combination Patterns", "authors": "Zhao", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Cancer", "doi": "10.7150/jca.93885", "pmid": "38495485", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "With the development of guidance technology and ablation equipment, ablative procedures have emerged as important loco-regional alternatives to surgical resection for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) patients. Currently, ablation modalities used in clinical practice mainly include radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), laser ablation (LA), cryoablation (CRA), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and irreversible electroporation (IRE). Accumulated comparative data of ablation versus surgical resection reveal noninferior responses and outcomes but superior adverse effects. Moreover, studies demonstrate that ablation may serve as an excellent procedure for rHCC given its exact minimal invasiveness and immune modulation. We focus on the current status of ablation in clinical practice for rHCC and discuss new research in the field, including ablation combined with these other modalities, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-038d086beacb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Mathematical 3D Liver Model for Surgical versus Ablative Therapy Treatment Planning for Colorectal Liver Metastases: Recommendations from the COLLISION and COLDFIRE Trial Expert Panels", "authors": "van den Bemd et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Radiol Imaging Cancer", "doi": "10.1148/rycan.240068", "pmid": "39400233", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose To further define anatomic criteria for resection and ablation using an expert panel-based three-dimensional liver model to objectively predict local treatment recommendations for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Materials and Methods This study analyzed data from participants with small CRLM (≤3 cm)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5a5d959317a7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Recent Advances in Ablative Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma", "authors": "Abu Zahra et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17193251", "pmid": "41097777", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with curative surgical interventions feasible for a minority of patients. This review highlights recent advances in thermal (e.g., radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and cryoablation) and nonthermal (e.g., ethanol ablation and irreversible electroporation) ablative modalities as curative-intent alternatives to surgery. Evolving applications of transcatheter intra-arterial radioembolization (TARE) with ablative dosimetry will be explored, and histotripsy, an emerging technology, will be introduced.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8966bf51ef62", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Clinical and safety outcomes in unresectable, very early and early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma following Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) and Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE): A systematic literature review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Cribbs", "year": 2025, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0322113", "pmid": "40300037", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locoregional treatments for early-stage unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are widely used, with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) representing two non-thermal treatment options. However, to date, no systematic evaluations of these technologies have been conducted. This study sought to comparatively assess the safety and effectiveness of IRE and TACE for the treatment of very early and early-stage, inoperable HCC via systematic literature reviews (SLRs) and meta-analyses. Methodology: Searches were conducted targeting English-language publications and congress proceedings of clinical trials and observational studies from January 1, 2012 to December 21, 2023 that reported effectiveness and safety outcomes (tumor response, progression-free survival (PFS), adverse events (AE)) for IRE and TACE. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and abstracted data. For each procedure, meta-analyses were conducted to assess tumor response by follow-up time point, as data permitted, and other outcomes were descriptively analyzed; Quality and risk of bias assessments were performed. Results: 12 IRE publications (195 patients) and 33 TACE publications (6,899 patients) met eligibility criteria. During 0 to < 3 month follow-up, complete response was achieved in 84% of IRE patients vs. 68% for TACE (all results at 1-month); a proportion that increased at 3 to < 6 months (91% IRE vs. 41% TACE). Median PFS was 10.4 months for IRE and 19-30 months for TACE. Serious AEs (SAEs) were experienced by 4% vs. 5% of IRE and TACE patients, respectively. Conclusion: Both IRE and TACE are safe and effective non-thermal treatments for unresectable, very early and early-stage HCC. The high rate of short-term complete response observed for IRE, coupled with a low SAE rate, may support the broader adoption of this procedure in this patient population.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-735ecb8155b6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Integrated Nanosecond Pulse Irreversible Electroporation (INSPIRE): Impact of Exposed Electrode Length on Ablation Geometry in an In Vivo Liver Model", "authors": "Fong", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17172891", "pmid": "40940988", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Objectives: There is a critical need for effective focal therapies for patients with inoperable or anatomically complex tumors where conventional ablation techniques pose high risk or are ineffective. Integrated Nanosecond Pulsed Irreversible Electroporation (INSPIRE) is a novel non-thermal ablation modality which uses real time temperature feedback during pulse delivery to safely treat tumors near critical structures. This study evaluated the impact of exposed electrode length on ablation zone size, reproducibility, and cardiac safety in a large animal model. Methods: INSPIRE treatments were performed in an in vivo healthy porcine liver model. All treatments administered 6000 V 1000 ns pulses with a 45 °C temperature set point. Treatments were administered percutaneously via an electrode and grounding pad approach using an internally cooled electrode applicator. The exposed electrode region at the distal end of the applicator was set to either 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 cm. Ablation zones were assessed via ultrasound, contrast-enhanced CT, and gross pathology one week post-treatment. Cardiac safety was evaluated by measuring pre- and post-treatment serum Troponin levels. Results: All treatments were completed without adverse events. Troponin levels remained stable (pre: 0.249 ng/mL; post: 0.224 ng/mL), indicating no measurable cardiac injury. The 1.5 cm exposure length produced the largest and most consistent ablation volumes, with a mean volume of 12.8 ± 2.6 cm 3 and average dimensions of 3.7 × 2.7 cm in under 6 min. Increasing exposure length beyond 1.5 cm introduced greater variability and reduced treatment volumes. Conclusions: INSPIRE enables safe, large-volume, single-applicator ablation without a need for electrical pulse synchronization with R wave in cardiac rhythm. The 1.5 cm exposure length offers optimal balance between energy delivery and treatment consistency. These findings support further clinical investigation of INSPIRE for non-thermal ablation of inoperable tumors.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-261bf2690034", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Progress in the Application of Nanobiotechnology in the Ablation Therapy of Hepatic Carcinoma", "authors": "Gao", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Nanomedicine", "doi": "10.2147/ijn.s551980", "pmid": "41424453", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most prevalent and lethal primary liver malignancies worldwide. Despite significant advances in surgical resection and local ablation therapies, challenges such as low early detection rates, high postoperative recurrence, and limited local tumor control persist in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c0f13db67732", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ultrasound-guided percutaneous thermal and non-thermal ablation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma", "authors": "Giorgio et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v31.i34.108623", "pmid": "40937452", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Ultrasound-guided percutaneous thermal ablation has gained popularity as treatment for malignant hepatic tumors. It was first introduced as ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis comorbidity. Recently, this technique has also been used in the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-03691647d5aa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Retrospective Comparison of CT Imaging and Computational Simulations of Irreversible Electroporation in the Liver", "authors": "Jouni", "year": 2025, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/15330338251384207", "pmid": "41105588", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "ObjectivesIrreversible Electroporation (IRE) is both open surgery and minimally invasive cancer therapy used in the treatment of liver tumors. The therapy demands precision and accuracy to ensure complete tumor ablation. Reliable simulation tools can help achieve this goal by predicting the tissue regions that will…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b44248b0066c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Duodenal mucosal ablation with irreversible electroporation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Roadmap of the future treatment", "authors": "Koriem", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.109235", "pmid": "40900776", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "One of the main causes of liver fibrosis and cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more common every year. The novel work by Yu et al , which evaluates the viability and efficacy of duodenal mucosal ablation (DMA) with irreversible electroporation (IRE) in NAFLD rat models, is examined in this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6ddf3681061b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combining irreversible electroporation and immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Reflections and directions for advancement", "authors": "Krishnan", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.4251/wjgo.v17.i12.113598", "pmid": "41480208", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "We read with great interest the recent article by Xing et al , which describes the synergy between irreversible electroporation and anti-programmed death-1 therapy in a murine hepatocellular carcinoma model. The study offers valuable mechanistic insights into local ablation, enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-977a304037b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Clinical Efficacy of Percutaneous Image-Guided Ablation in Breast Cancer Metastases to the Liver", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17233823", "pmid": "41375024", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives : This single-center retrospective study evaluates the clinical efficacy and safety of percutaneous ablation using microwave ablation (MWA) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients with breast cancer liver metastases (BCLM). Methods : Between August 2018 and December 2023, 32 patients underwent 40 image-guided ablations for 57 BCLM. Mean age was 61.3 years (range: 32-85), and mean tumor size was 2.9 cm (range: 0.9-7.0 cm). Fifty lesions were treated with MWA and seven with IRE. Clinical efficacy was assessed by m-RECIST response at first follow-up imaging (after ≥1 month) and by monitoring local tumor progression (LTP), local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS), and overall survival (OS). Safety was evaluated by adverse events according to CTCAE. Kaplan-Meier statistics were used for LTPFS and OS. Results : Median follow-up was 32.4 months (95% CI 16.6-48.0). Complete response was observed in 34 tumors (59.6%), partial response in 14 (24.6%), and progressive disease in 9 (15.8%). LTP occurred in 37 tumors (64.9%), with a median time to progression of 11.1 months (95% CI 1.4-20.8). One- and two-year LTPFS rates were 43.6% and 34.1%. Sixteen patients died during follow-up, with median OS of 27.8 months (95% CI 19.0-36.6) and 1- and 2-year OS rates of 90.1% and 55.9%. No major complications occurred. Complications included eight Grade 1 and two Grade 2 complications. Conclusions : Percutaneous ablation demonstrates clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile in selected BCLM patients, achieving OS comparable to the current literature. Further studies should clarify its additive role within multimodality treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-678dbb73e808", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The role of early MRI in assessing the risk of local tumor progression following irreversible electroporation for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment", "authors": "Pescatori et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2025.2505595", "pmid": "40436745", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) triggers apoptosis instead of thermal coagulation, resulting in specific modifications within ablation zones. Aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI performed three days post-IRE (D3MRI). Methods: This single-institution retrospective study examined patients with HCC treated by IRE from 2012-2017. Criteria included no prior HCC treatment, available D3MRI and one-month MRI (M1MRI) without residual tumor and at least one follow-up MRI after 3 months. We measured the peripheral hyperemia (IREPZ) and central necrotic zone (IRECZ) in the ablation area along with the minimum thickness of IREPZ (min.Th/IREPZ) on both D3MRI and M1MRI. The duration of follow-up and instances of local tumor progression (LTP) were recorded. Results: Forty-eight patients (median age: 68 years) with 65 treated nodules (median diameter: 19 mm) were included. The median follow-up was 37 months. D3MRI median dimensions were 67 mm for IREPZ, 19 mm for IRECZ, and 5 mm for min.Th/IREPZ. LTP occurred in 25 nodules after 18 months. 52% had LTP at min.Th/IREPZ. A min.Th/IREPZ ≤ 5 mm on D3MRI indicated a 24-fold higher risk of LTP (95% CI [2.25-255.95], p < .01), conversely, the min.Th/IREPZ on M1MRI had no predictive value. Conclusion: D3MRI appears to be a valuable tool for assessing the true ablation margins in HCC nodules treated with IRE and for identifying potential sites of local recurrence. It may, therefore, be considered for integration into the follow-up protocol for patients undergoing IRE treatment for HCC. Including an early MRI evaluation following electroporation of HCC nodules is beneficial for accurately measuring the size of the ablation zone and for anticipating potential sites of local recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a03cd83544ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Duodenal mucosal ablation by irreversible electroporation: Modulating the gut-liver axis in metabolic steatotic liver disease", "authors": "Ramírez-Mejía", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Hepatol", "doi": "10.4254/wjh.v17.i8.108845", "pmid": "40901590", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Targeting the gut-liver axis has emerged as a promising strategy in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a condition that currently represents the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Within this axis, the duodenum serves not only as a site of nutrient…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0928dd488c05", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Correlation between computed electric dose maps and early post-operative MRI for the evaluation of irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Sutter et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/1361-6560/ae1802", "pmid": "41145009", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Objective. To correlate numerical simulations of the electric dose distribution with early post-operative MRI following irreversible electroporation (IRE) treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Approach. A standard linear electrostatic model was employed to simulate the three-dimensional electric field (EF) distribution using real electric pulses and geometrical characteristics and intraoperative cone-beam CT (CBCT) data. Spatial registration between intraoperative CBCT and post-operative MRI was performed using both rigid and deformable methods, ranging from simple global translations based on anatomical landmarks to advanced deformable image registration (DIR) techniques accounting for elastic tissue deformations. Main results. The proposed approach was retrospectively evaluated using data from 22 patients who underwent IRE liver ablation (one patient underwent two distinct IRE procedures), resulting in a total of 23 procedures. The most accurate correspondence between predicted and observed ablation zones was achieved using a dose threshold of approximately 350 V cm -1 , yielding a median dice similarity coefficient around 0.74, indicative of substantial spatial overlap. Although elastic DIR approaches applied to segmented liver regions provided the highest registration accuracy, the simpler translational registration based on manually selected landmarks demonstrated surprisingly robust performance in localizing the simulated EF within the actual ablation zone. Significance. These findings contribute to the standardization of IRE efficacy assessment on MRI and highlight the significant potential EF simulations to predict the extent of tissue ablation in IRE procedures for HCC. This approach may offer a valuable tool for improving intraoperative decision-making and post-operative assessment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c61c19bb4bd8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Toward perioperative, numerically assisted irreversible electroporation for hepatocellular carcinoma: clinical outcomes informed by numerical simulations", "authors": "Sutter et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-025-12223-7", "pmid": "41417128", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Numerical evaluation of irreversible electroporation (IRE) holds significant potential to assist practitioners in planning and guiding these complex procedures. We aimed to establish a correlation between the results of retrospective numerical simulations of IRE and clinical outcomes in the treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9a0d2b063042", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Bioimpedance assessment method based on back propagation neural network for irreversible electroporation of liver tissue", "authors": "Wang", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-01166-0", "pmid": "40341694", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in tumor therapy has been validated over many years by clinical application. An in-depth study, however, is required to assess the degree of ablation during the clinical dissemination of the treatment. In this study, we propose and validate a method to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3b086c6806df", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation vs. Radiofrequency Ablation for Subcapsular Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Analysis", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Acad Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.acra.2025.03.013", "pmid": "40164535", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Rationale and objectives: The therapeutic efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for treating subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains under-explored. The current study aimed to compare IRE and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) outcomes in an HCC patient group. Materials and methods: In this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c92d6d46f9ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Interventional Oncology for Colorectal Liver Metastases From Local Cure to Salvage Therapy", "authors": "Xenos", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines13092182", "pmid": "41007745", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Liver metastases develop in over one-third of patients and are associated with worse prognosis. The evolution in the field of interventional oncology/radiology over the past two decades has expanded image-guided locoregional therapies for colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Historically, hepatic resection was considered the only possible cure for selected patients with CLM. Current evidence supports thermal ablation (TA) as another locally curative treatment modality for small CLM that can be ablated with adequate margins. Other non-thermal ablative treatment options include Yttrium-90 ( 90 Y) radiation segmentectomy (RS), irreversible electroporation (IRE), and histotripsy, with an evolving role in the treatment of CLM. More extensive disease that is not amenable to resection or ablation can be treated with intra-arterial therapies ( 90 Y trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) and trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE)). This comprehensive review describes the evolution of interventional oncology treatments for CLM and examines the appropriate indications for each treatment modality.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4e55bc5ae146", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Recurrence patterns and survival outcomes after irreversible electroporation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a 6-year multicenter experience", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-025-12044-8", "pmid": "41042373", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively recent non-thermal ablation technique for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk anatomical locations, but post-procedural recurrence limits long-term survival. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors, patterns, and outcomes of post-IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-91f999c34f7d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Duodenal mucosal ablation with irreversible electroporation reduces liver lipids in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "authors": "Yu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v31.i16.105188", "pmid": "40308802", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Duodenal mucosal ablation (DMA) using irreversible electroporation (IRE) with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist has been clinically shown to reduce liver lipid deposition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the specific metabolic contributions of DMA using IRE in NAFLD remain…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-364d696a5f39", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Conventional transarterial chemoembolization followed by irreversible electroporation for hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Zhao", "year": 2025, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s12885-025-13570-w", "pmid": "39984913", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of conventional transarterial chemoembolization (c-TACE) followed by irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: From January 2019 to September 2019, 12 patients with HCC who received c-TACE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5a73114f3389", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Initial Experience with Robotic-Assisted CT-Guided Ablation: Analysis from a Single Center's Learning Curve in the First 54 Patients", "authors": "Berman et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108681", "pmid": "41765078", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To report initial experience and learning curve with robotic-assisted percutaneous ablations of abdominal lesions. Materials and methods: Fifty-four consecutive patients undergoing robotic-assisted ablation were retrospectively analyzed in this single-center observational study. Feasibility, that is, successful robotic applicator insertion with no conversion to freehand technique or major adjustment, safety, accuracy, and procedure timings were assessed. Exploratory cumulative sum analyses were performed to assess the robotic device learning curve. Results: Fifty-seven lesions in 54 patients (mean age, 66.1 years [SD ± 12.6]; 64.8% [35 of 54] men); 47 (87.0%) liver, 5 (9.3%) kidney, and 2 (3.7%) adrenal lesions were treated with robotic-assisted ablation. Forty-three lesions (75.4%) were treated with microwave ablation, 10 (17.5%) with cryoablation, and 4 (7.0%) with irreversible electroporation. A total of 94 applicators were inserted with robotic assistance (40.7%, multiapplicator procedures), including 78.7% off axial-plane trajectories. Patients were divided into 2 similar-sized learning curve cohorts (initial, 21 cases and 29 applicators; middle, 18 cases and 30 applicators) and 1 later proficiency cohort (15 cases and 35 applicators) after 6-month interval without device access. Feasibility was 93.6% (88 of 94 applicators), with all nonfeasibility in the initial cohort (P ≤ .001). Five complications occurred (4 minor and 1 major [renal failure]), only 1 (self-limited pneumothorax) related to robotic guidance. Median lateral deviation was 4.8 mm (range, 0-19.7 mm). Most placements (62.8%) required no or depth-only manual adjustment. Mean device use duration was 33 minutes (SD ± 18). Performance plateaued after around 20 cases. Conclusions: After an initial learning curve, proficiency in robotic-assisted ablation was retained after a 6-month interval, resulting in consistent procedure times and maintained accuracy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2aea21afcb87", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraoperative irreversible electroporation for margin accentuation in locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case series", "authors": "Brichard et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Surg", "doi": "10.3389/fsurg.2026.1835187", "pmid": "42445467", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is increasing worldwide and remains associated with a poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment; however, only a minority of patients are eligible due to advanced disease and vascular involvement. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablative modality that enables tissue treatment while preserving vascular structures. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and preliminary oncologic outcomes of intraoperative IRE as an adjunct for margin accentuation in locally advanced iCCA involving critical vascular structures. Methods: Between 2023 and 2024, three patients with initially unresectable, centrally located mass-forming iCCA were treated at a single center. All tumors involved the hepatic vein of the future liver remnant, precluding conventional R0 resection. Patients underwent extended hepatectomy combined with intraoperative IRE applied at the tumor-hepatic vein interface, followed by vascular detachment to preserve venous outflow. Results: All procedures were completed as planned. No intraoperative complications or IRE-related postoperative adverse events were observed. Ninety-day mortality was 0%. Postoperative imaging confirmed preserved hepatic vein patency in all patients. At a median follow-up of 18 months (range 15-27), no local recurrence at the vascular interface was detected. One patient with initially multifocal disease developed a solitary intrahepatic recurrence at 17 months, which was successfully treated with local ablation. All patients were alive at last follow-up. Conclusions: Intraoperative IRE for margin accentuation appears to be a feasible and safe adjunct to extended hepatectomy in selected patients with locally advanced iCCA involving the hepatic vein of the future liver remnant. This anatomy-preserving strategy may expand surgical indications by enabling radical resection in cases otherwise deemed unresectable. Further studies are required to validate its oncologic benefit.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ee68d829d7a4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Delayed Right Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm after Liver Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Dantas Henrique et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107909", "pmid": "41203115", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-cc9ce19748c6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combined anti-PD-1 with irreversible electroporation relieves immunosuppression and reduces hepatocellular carcinoma regrowth", "authors": "Huo et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "JHEP Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.101977", "pmid": "42546925", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background & aims: Local ablation triggers anti-tumor response and is regarded as an encouraging treatment combined with immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablative technique eliminating tumor cells by electroporation, however, the characteristics of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-adfd530bed88", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatic Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Iqbal et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Cureus", "doi": "10.7759/cureus.111579", "pmid": "42504355", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to systematically pool all direct comparative evidence from two-arm studies comparing irreversible electroporation (IRE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatic malignancies and evaluating local tumour recurrence/progression (LTRP), complication rates, and overall mortality. PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception to April 30, 2026. Only studies with a direct IRE versus RFA comparison arm were eligible. Six direct comparative studies were included (two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and four retrospective cohorts; n=623: IRE=258, RFA=365). Pooled analysis showed no significant difference between IRE and RFA in LTRP (RR 0.68, 95%CI 0.32-1.44; I2=64%; four studies), complication rates (RR 0.98, 95%CI 0.69-1.40; I2=0%; four studies), or mortality (RR 1.02, 95%CI 0.43-2.41; six studies). A consistent non-significant trend towards reduced LTRP with IRE was observed across studies. IRE demonstrates equivalent safety and a consistent, though statistically non-significant, trend towards superior local tumour control compared with RFA for hepatic malignancies. The high heterogeneity in LTRP and the limited number of studies preclude definitive conclusions. Larger, adequately powered RCTs with standardised endpoints are needed to definitively establish the comparative efficacy of IRE in this setting.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fba1ab7b76dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "[Clinical strategies and indication expansion of interventional ultrasonography ablative therapy for hepatic tumors]", "authors": "Liang et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi", "doi": "10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20260403-00138", "pmid": "42373435", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Thermal ablation has become an important treatment option for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma with the development of interventional ultrasound technology. However, in the treatment of medium-to-large-volume tumors, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and high-risk anatomical sites, it still faces clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Çince özgün metin", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5eeb3d8d9645", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Longitudinal Radiological Remodeling after Irreversible Electroporation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation: A Prospective Comparative Study (The LIRA Study)", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Int J Med Sci", "doi": "10.7150/ijms.133300", "pmid": "41938518", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: To evaluate the short- to intermediate-term radiological evolution of ablation zones using contrast-enhanced MRI and to assess clinically relevant outcomes following irreversible electroporation (IRE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with liver tumors. Methods: Thirty-five ablation zones from…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-91c60336f3f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Time-course evaluation of irreversible electroporation, bleomycin electrochemotherapy, and IRE–bleomycin therapy in a rabbit VX2 liver model using a high-voltage generator", "authors": "López-Alonso et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-64311-3", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Bleomisin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation-based therapies are established non-thermal ablation strategies for targeted tissue destruction. Here, a custom high-voltage pulse generator and a parallel-plate electrode system were used to deliver the irreversible electroporation (IRE), electrochemotherapy (ECT), and IRE-BLM protocols to rabbit VX2…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2adcecb70e21", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Synergistic immunotherapeutic effects of irreversible electroporation and CAR-NK cell therapy against hepatocellular carcinoma", "authors": "Park", "year": 2026, "journal": "Signal Transduct Target Ther", "doi": "10.1038/s41392-026-02627-2", "pmid": "41803088", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cell therapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic modality with potent cytotoxicity and a favorable safety profile. However, its therapeutic efficacy is often limited by poor infiltration into tumors and the profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality, this suppressive TME severely compromises the function of CAR-NK cells. To overcome this limitation, we developed a combinatorial strategy integrating irreversible electroporation (IRE), a clinically approved nonthermal ablation modality capable of reshaping the TME, with glypican-3 (GPC3)-targeted CAR-NK cells generated via 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP)-functionalized lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mediated gene delivery. IRE promoted immunogenic cell death and reprogrammed the TME through the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and chemokines, notably CX3CL1, thereby enhancing NK cell infiltration. Moreover, IRE-treated HCC cells exhibited heightened susceptibility to NK-mediated cytotoxicity through elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species, establishing a mechanism of immune sensitization. When combined with LNP-engineered GPC3-specific CAR-NK cells, this approach elicited synergistic antitumor activity, as demonstrated by superior tumor lysis in vitro and robust tumor regression in various HCC models without systemic toxicity. By coupling TME remodeling of IRE with the precision and safety of LNP-engineered CAR-NK cells, we propose a durable, clinically actionable treatment paradigm to overcome resistance in solid tumors, such as HCC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-85b850d1ceaf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Contrast-enhanced ultrasound as a problem-solving tool and irreversible electroporation for a perivascular/peribiliary segment IVs colorectal liver metastasis: a case report", "authors": "Romeo et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Radiol Case Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.radcr.2026.05.009", "pmid": "42305363", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Interventional ultrasound (IUS) supported by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enables accurate real-time characterization and image-guided treatment of focal liver lesions. In nonsurgical candidates with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging nonthermal ablative…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5fce32566d84", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation vs. stereotactic body radiotherapy for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma ≤5 cm: A multicenter retrospective study", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "JHEP Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.101834", "pmid": "41871779", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background & aims: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) are important therapeutic alternatives for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) unsuitable for thermal ablation, but comparative outcome data remain limited. We compared the efficacy and safety of IRE vs. SBRT for solitary HCC…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-feac1fece9ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation with bipolar electrodes ultrasound findings of ablation zones", "authors": "Zhou et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2026-0022", "pmid": "42030077", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: This study aimed to explore the ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging characteristics and dimensions of ablation lesions after irreversible electroporation of the swine liver and to determine which imaging modality is more suitable for post-procedural follow-up by correlating imaging…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1f93102b4acc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "A Novel Nonthermal Energy Source for Surgical Epicardial Atrial Ablation Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Lavee et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Heart Surg Forum", "doi": "10.1532/HSF98.20061202", "pmid": "17597044", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: All currently used energy sources in surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation create lesions via thermal injury. We report for the first time the in vivo results of a new nonthermal modality of epicardial atrial ablation called irreversible electroporation (IRE). IRE utilizes a sequence of electrical pulses that produce permanent nonthermal damage to tissue in a few seconds with sharp borders between affected and unaffected regions. Methods: Five pigs underwent beating heart surgical epicardial ablations of their right and/or left atrial appendages, utilizing a sequence of 8, 16, or 32 direct current pulses of 1500 to 2000 V, 100 micros each, at a frequency of 5 per second, applied between two 4-cm long parallel electrodes with an IRE pulse generator. Local temperature measurements were performed during ablations followed by electrical isolation testing by pacing. Animal hearts were excised 24 hours after surgery and processed histologically to evaluate the degree of myocardial tissue necrosis and transmurality. Results: A clear demarcation line between ablated and normal tissue, with no tissue disruption or charring, was observed on gross inspection of all lesions. Staining results showed complete transmural destruction of atrial tissue at the site of the electrode application in all 10 atrial lesions, measuring a mean of 0.9 cm in depth. Each 3- to 3.5-cm long lesion was created in 1 to 4 seconds with no local temperature change and with demonstration of electrical isolation. Conclusions: We propose a new modality to perform atrial ablations, which holds the potential of providing very swift, precise, and complete transmurality with no local heating effects.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cebd8a86e679", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible electroporation near the heart: ventricular arrhythmias can be prevented with ECG synchronization", "authors": "Deodhar et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "AJR Am J Roentgenol", "doi": "10.2214/AJR.10.4490", "pmid": "21343484", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation is a nonthermal ablative tool that uses direct electrical pulses to create irreversible membrane pores and cell death. The ablation zone is surrounded by a zone of reversibly increased permeability; either zone can cause cardiac arrhythmias. Our purpose was to establish a safety…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f78adf9fb88c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Cardiovascular Cells and Tissues", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Journal of Medical Devices", "doi": "10.1115/1.4024510", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of death in the United States, and in 2010 was responsible for 17% of the US health expenditures ($272.5 billion) [1]. Many acquired cardiovascular diseases are associated with abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (e.g. heart attack) or irregular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0f1a45e4ee85", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias", "authors": "Sugrue et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther", "doi": "10.1080/14779072.2018.1459185", "pmid": "29595355", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Cardiac ablation is an established treatment modality for the management of patients with cardiac arrhythmias. Current approaches to cardiac ablation employ thermal based energy to achieve lesions (damage) within the heart. There are many shortcomings and limitations of thermal based approaches. Electroporation (DC…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fc43445bb4d1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation for Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Atrial Fibrillation", "authors": "Reddy et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Am Coll Cardiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jacc.2019.04.021", "pmid": "31085321", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation using thermal energies such as radiofrequency or cryothermy is associated with indiscriminate tissue destruction. During pulsed field ablation (PFA), subsecond electric fields create microscopic pores in cell membranes-a process called electroporation. Among cell…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-110567ec67c7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Intracardiac pulsed field ablation Proof of feasibility in a chronic porcine model", "authors": "Stewart et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.10.030", "pmid": "30385383", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Radiofrequency (RF) has become an accepted energy source for myocardial ablation but may result in discontinuous lesions and nontargeted tissue injury. We examined the feasibility and safety of lesion formation using high-amplitude, bipolar pulsed electric fields delivered from a multielectrode array…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-81de25b3ce93", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for catheter-based cardiac ablation: a systematic review of the preclinical experience", "authors": "Sugrue et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-019-00574-3", "pmid": "31270656", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) utilizing high voltage pulses is an emerging strategy for catheter-based cardiac ablation with considerable growth in the preclinical arena. Methods: A systematic search for articles was performed from three sources (PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar). The primary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6469a03e8f13", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation for cardiac ablation using an asymmetrical waveform", "authors": "van Es et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Biomed Eng Online", "doi": "10.1186/s12938-019-0693-7", "pmid": "31221146", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) using direct current (DC) is an effective method for the ablation of cardiac tissue. A major drawback of the use of DC-IRE, however, are two problems: requirement of general anesthesia due to severe muscle contractions and the formation of bubbles containing gaseous products from electrolysis. The use of high-frequency alternating current (HF-IRE) is expected to solve both problems, because HF-IRE produces little to no muscle spasms and does not cause electrolysis. Methods: In the present study, we introduce a novel asymmetric, high-frequency (aHF) waveform for HF-IRE and present the results of a first, small, animal study to test its efficacy. Results: The data of the experiments suggest that the aHF waveform creates significantly deeper lesions than a symmetric HF waveform of the same energy and frequency (p = 0.003). Conclusion: We therefore conclude that the use of the aHF enhances the feasibility of the HF-IRE method.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-62026711fc8d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation for pulmonary vein isolation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation", "authors": "Bradley et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.14414", "pmid": "32107812", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a promising new ablation modality for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. This energy form employs a train of microsecond duration high amplitude electrical pulses that ablate myocardium by electroporation of the sarcolemmal membrane without measurable tissue heating. The ablation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dba5807b4bd3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation: Esophageal Injury in a Novel Porcine Model", "authors": "Koruth et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.119.008303", "pmid": "31977250", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) can be myocardium selective, potentially sparing the esophagus during left atrial ablation. In an in vivo porcine esophageal injury model, we compared the effects of newer biphasic PFA with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods: In 10 animals, under general anesthesia, the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-15ac2e717e2e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cardiac synchronization and arrhythmia during irreversible electroporation", "authors": "O'Neill et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.26041", "pmid": "32483842", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal electrical tumor ablative strategy for unresectable tumors. IRE is relatively safe around critical structures but may induce cardiac arrhythmia when its delivery is not synchronized to the cardiac cycle. We performed a systematic literature…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2b826588683", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation selectively spares the oesophagus during pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation", "authors": "Cochet et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euab090", "pmid": "33961027", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Aims Extra-atrial injury can cause complications after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has generated preclinical data suggesting that it selectively targets the myocardium. We sought to characterize extra-atrial injuries after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) between PFA and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-008af9db2f89", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "How does the level of pulmonary venous isolation compare between pulsed field ablation and thermal energy ablation (radiofrequency, cryo, or laser)?", "authors": "Kawamura et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euab150", "pmid": "34151947", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Aims We studied the extent/area of electrical pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) after either pulsed field ablation (PFA) using a pentaspline catheter or thermal ablation technologies. Methods and results In a clinical trial (NCT03714178), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) patients underwent PVI with a multi-electrode…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a67163428f7a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Cardiac impact of high-frequency irreversible electroporation using an asymmetrical waveform on liver in vivo", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "BMC Cardiovasc Disord", "doi": "10.1186/s12872-021-02412-9", "pmid": "34876030", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation (H-FIRE) is a novel technology for non-thermal ablation. Different from Irreversible electroporation (IRE), H-FIRE delivers bipolar electrical pulses without muscle contraction and does not cause electrolysis. Currently, little is known regarding the cardiac safety during the administration of H-FIRE on liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of electrocardiogram (ECG) and biomarkers of cardiac damage during asymmetrical waveform of H-FIRE therapy in vivo. Methods: The swines (n = 7) in IRE group, which used 100 pulses (2200 V, 100-100 μs configuration), were administrated with muscle relaxant under anesthesia. In the absence of muscle relaxant, 7 swines in H-FIRE group were performed with 2400 pulses (3000 V, 5-3-3-5 μs configuration). Midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) and xylazine hydrochloride (20 mg/kg) were given to induce sedation, followed by Isoflurane (2.5%, 100% oxygen, 3 L/min) to maintain sedation in all the swines. Limb lead ECG recordings were analyzed by two electrophysiologists to judge the arrhythmia. Cardiac and liver tissue was examined by pathology technique. Results: The ablation zones were larger in H-FIRE than IRE. Both IRE and H-FIRE did not affect the autonomous cardiac rhythm. Even when the electrical signal of IRE and H-FIRE fell on ventricular vulnerable period. Moreover, cTnI in IRE group showed an increase in 4 h after ablation, and decreased to baseline 72 h after ablation. However, cTnI showed no significant change during the administration of H-FIRE. Conclusions: The study suggests an asymmetrical waveform for H-FIRE is a promising measure for liver ablation. The results were based on normal liver and the swines without potential cardiac diseases. With the limitations of these facts, asymmetrical waveform for H-FIRE of liver tissue seems relatively safe without major cardiac complications. The safety of asymmetrical waveform for H-FIRE needs to evaluate in future.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9864f337e335", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation prevents chronic atrial fibrotic changes and restrictive mechanics after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation", "authors": "Nakatani et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euab155", "pmid": "34240134", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Aims Pulsed field ablation (PFA), a non-thermal ablative modality, may show different effects on the myocardial tissue compared to thermal ablation. Thus, this study aimed to compare the left atrial (LA) structural and mechanical characteristics after PFA vs. thermal ablation. Methods and results Cardiac magnetic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-24968d8a84c4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation to Treat Atrial Fibrillation A Review of the Literature", "authors": "Di Monaco et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Dev Dis", "doi": "10.3390/jcdd9040094", "pmid": "35448070", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and catheter ablation, which can be used in symptomatic patients refractory to antiarrhythmic therapy. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) remains the cornerstone of any ablation procedure. A major limitation of current catheter ablation procedures is important to recognize because even when the PVI is performed in highly experienced centers, PVI reconnection was documented in about 20% of patients. Therefore, better technology is needed to improve ablation lesions. One of the novelties in recent years is pulsed filed ablation (PFA), a non-thermal energy that uses trains of high-voltage, very-short-duration pulses to kill the cells. The mechanism of action of this energy consists of creating pores in the myocardiocyte cell membrane in a highly selective and tissue-specific way; this leads to death of the target cells reducing the risk of damage to surrounding non-cardiac tissues. In particular during the animal studies, PVI and atrial lines were performed effectively without PV stenosis. Using PFA directly on coronary arteries, there was no luminal narrowing, there has been no evidence of incidental phrenic nerve injury, and finally, PFA has been shown not to injure esophageal tissue when directly applied to the esophagus or indirectly through ablation in the left atrium. The aim of this review is to report all published animal and clinical studies regarding this new technology to treat paroxysmal and persistent AF.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e7fd94517854", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Effects of Electrode-Tissue Proximity on Cardiac Lesion Formation Using Pulsed Field Ablation", "authors": "Howard et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.122.011110", "pmid": "36166690", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel energy modality for treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. The impact of electrode-tissue proximity on lesion formation by PFA has not been conclusively assessed. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of electrode-tissue proximity on cardiac…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1ef916bdcdb7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Coronary Arterial Spasm and Pulsed Field Ablation: Preclinical Insights", "authors": "Koruth et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "JACC Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jacep.2022.06.015", "pmid": "36543509", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-01cd4f7f1c02", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation a New Paradigm for Catheter Ablation of Arrhythmias", "authors": "Maan et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Curr Cardiol Rep", "doi": "10.1007/s11886-021-01630-z", "pmid": "35235146", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Purpose of review: Current ablation approach for arrhythmias relies upon the use of radiofrequency (RF) and cryoablation catheters. Although there have been significant advances both in catheter design and in energy delivery approaches, limitations such as suboptimal efficacy and safety remain. Pulsed field ablation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eb7d3bbc04a4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Cerebral safety after pulsed field ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation", "authors": "Reinsch et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.06.018", "pmid": "35718318", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel, nonthermal ablation modality that can ablate myocardial tissue with minimal effects on surrounding tissue. Preclinical data show an absence of cerebral emboli after extensive PFA. However, clinical data on silent cerebral lesions (SCLs) and/or silent cerebral events…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fc8068d5b1bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "5S Study Safe and Simple Single Shot Pulmonary Vein Isolation With Pulsed Field Ablation Using Sedation", "authors": "Schmidt et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.121.010817", "pmid": "35617232", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation represents an energy source specific for ablation of cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation. The aim of the study was to describe the adoption and the process of streamlining procedures with a new ablation technology. Methods: All-comer atrial fibrillation patients (n=191…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f4f6e88810c5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation versus thermal energy ablation for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of procedural efficiency, safety, and efficacy", "authors": "Aldaas et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-023-01660-3", "pmid": "37855992", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) induces cell death through electroporation using ultrarapid electrical pulses. We sought to compare the procedural efficiency characteristics, safety, and efficacy of ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) using PFA compared with thermal energy ablation. Methods: We performed an extensive literature search and systematic review of studies that compared ablation of AF with PFA versus thermal energy sources. Risk ratio (RR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) were measured for dichotomous variables and mean difference (MD) 95% CI were measured for continuous variables, where RR < 1 and MD < 0 favor the PFA group. Results: We included 6 comparative studies for a total of 1012 patients who underwent ablation of AF: 43.6% with PFA (n = 441) and 56.4% (n = 571) with thermal energy sources. There were significantly shorter procedures times with PFA despite a protocolized 20-min dwell time (MD - 21.95, 95% CI - 33.77, - 10.14, p = 0.0003), but with significantly longer fluroscopy time (MD 5.71, 95% CI 1.13, 10.30, p = 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in periprocedural complications (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.59-2.44) or recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.31, 1.34) between the PFA and thermal ablation cohorts. Conclusions: Based on the results of this meta-analysis, PFA was associated with shorter procedural times and longer fluoroscopy times, but no difference in periprocedural complications or rates of recurrent AF when compared to ablation with thermal energy sources. However, larger randomized control trials are needed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5fd6e11bd3a0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation using focal contact force-sensing catheters for treatment of atrial fibrillation: acute and 90-day invasive remapping results", "authors": "Anić et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euad147", "pmid": "37335976", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Aims Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a promising alternative to thermal ablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). We report performance and safety using the CENTAURI™ System (Galvanize Therapeutics) with three commercial, focal ablation catheters. Methods and results ECLIPSE AF (NCT04523545) was a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ea50364c75d8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Point-by-Point Pulsed Field Ablation Using a Multimodality Generator and a Contact Force-Sensing Ablation Catheter: Comparison With Radiofrequency Ablation in a Remapped Chronic Swine Heart", "authors": "Di Biase et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.123.012344", "pmid": "37994554", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an alternative to radiofrequency ablation. However, data on focal point-by-point PFA are scarce. The aim of this study was to compare lesion durability and collateral damage between focally delivered unipolar/biphasic PFA versus radiofrequency in swine. Methods: Eighteen swine were randomized to low-dose PFA, high-dose PFA, and radiofrequency using a multimodality generator. Radiofrequency delivered by market-available generator served as control group. A contact force-sensing catheter was used to focally deliver PFA/radiofrequency at the pulmonary veins and other predefined sites in the atria. Animals were remapped postprocedurally and 28 days postablation to test lesion durability followed by gross necroscopy and histology. Results: All targeted sites were successfully ablated (contact force value, 13.9±4.1 g). Follow-up remapping showed persistent pulmonary vein isolation in all animals (100%) with lesion durability at nonpulmonary vein sites proven in most (98%). Regardless of the energy source used, the lesion size was similar across the study groups. Transmurality was achieved in 95% of targeted sites and 100% at pulmonary veins. On histology, PFA animals showed more mature scar formation than their radiofrequency counterpart without myocardial necrosis or inflammation. Finally, no sign of collateral damage was observed in any of the groups. Conclusions: In a randomized preclinical study, focally delivered unipolar/biphasic PFA guided by contact force values was associated with durable lesions on chronic remapping and with mature scar formation on histology without signs of collateral injury on necroscopy. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term feasibility of this new approach to atrial fibrillation treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3254f7881ca8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Determinants of acute irreversible electroporation lesion characteristics after pulsed field ablation: the role of voltage, contact, and adipose interference", "authors": "Gasperetti et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euad257", "pmid": "37649337", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Aims Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a non-thermal ablative approach in which cardiomyocyte death is obtained through irreversible electroporation (IRE). Data correlating the biophysical characteristics of IRE and lesion characteristics are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different procedural…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bf59f1c93198", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Impact of pulsed field ablation on intraluminal esophageal temperature", "authors": "Kirstein et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.16096", "pmid": "37942843", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Atrio-esophageal fistula after esophageal thermal injury (ETI) is one of the most devastating complications of available energy sources for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) uses electroporation as a new energy source for catheter ablation with promising periprocedural safety advantages over existing methods due to its unique myocardial tissue sensitivity. In preclinical animal studies, a dose-dependent esophageal temperature rise has been reported. In the TESO-PFA registry intraluminal esophageal temperature (TESO) changes in a clinical setting are evaluated. Methods: Consecutive symptomatic AF patients (62 years, 67% male, 61% paroxysmal AF, CHA 2 DS 2 Vasc Score 2) underwent first-time PFA and were prospectively enrolled into our registry. Eight pulse trains (2 kV/2.5 s, bipolar, biphasic, x4 basket/flower configuration each) were delivered to each pulmonary vein (PV). Two extra pulse trains per PV in flower configuration were added for wide antral circumferential ablation. Continuous intraluminal esophageal temperature (TESO) was monitored with a 12-pole temperature probe. Results: Median TESO change was statistically significant and increased by 0.8 ± 0.6°C, p < .001. A TESO increase ≥ 1°C was observed in 10/43 (23%) patients. The highest TESO measured was 40.3°C. The largest TESO difference (∆TESO) was 3.7°C. All patients remained asymptomatic considering possible ETI. No atrio-esophageal fistula was reported on follow-up. Conclusion: A small but significant intraluminal esophageal temperature rise can be observed in most patients during PFA. TESO rise over 40°C is rare. The clinical implications of the observed findings need to be further evaluated.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1dec48f34060", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Effect of contact force on pulsed field ablation lesions in porcine cardiac tissue", "authors": "Mattison et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.15813", "pmid": "36640426", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Contact force has been used to titrate lesion formation for radiofrequency ablation. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a field-based ablation technology for which limited evidence on the impact of contact force on lesion size is available. Methods: Porcine hearts (n = 6) were perfused using a modified…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6d6b7c668525", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "A randomized controlled trial of pulsed field ablation versus standard-of-care ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: The ADVENT trial rationale and design", "authors": "Reddy et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Heart Rhythm O2", "doi": "10.1016/j.hroo.2023.03.001", "pmid": "37323994", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an effective treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). However, potential complications can occur due to the propagation of thermal energy into nontarget tissues adjacent to the targeted myocardium. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel ablation modality with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f3d44582a8d2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and Effectiveness of Pulsed Field Ablation to Treat Atrial Fibrillation: One-Year Outcomes From the MANIFEST-PF Registry", "authors": "Turagam et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Circulation", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064959", "pmid": "37199171", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation is a novel nonthermal cardiac ablation modality using ultra-rapid electrical pulses to cause cell death by a mechanism of irreversible electroporation. Unlike the traditional ablation energy sources, pulsed field ablation has demonstrated significant preferentiality to myocardial…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5a9316fe51af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation PULSED AF Pivotal Trial", "authors": "Verma et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Circulation", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.063988", "pmid": "36877118", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation uses electrical pulses to cause nonthermal irreversible electroporation and induce cardiac cell death. Pulsed field ablation may have effectiveness comparable to traditional catheter ablation while preventing thermally mediated complications. Methods: The PULSED AF pivotal study…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f4ceb4f85c39", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "PO-06-143 SAFETY AND EFFICACY EVALUATION OF A NOVEL LARGE TIP FOCAL BIPOLAR FORCE SENSING PULSED FIELD ABLATION CATHETER IN A CHRONIC PORCINE MODEL", "authors": "Bhardwaj et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.03.1586", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Focal delivery of microsecond pulsed field ablation (PFA) using small and large round/cylindrical tips have been described. Objective: To evaluate nanosecond (ns)PFA delivery using a novel focal tip design in healthy swine. Methods: Under general anesthesia, 5 swine underwent nsPFA under fluoroscopic and intracardiac echocardiographic guidance. The prototype catheter is an 8Fr focal PFA catheter (Pulse Biosciences), comprised of two 5 mm ablation electrodes spaced 5 mm apart. Delivery sites included the right atria (RA), right ventricle (RV), left atrial (LA), and left ventricle (LV) with applications durations of 0.5, 1.25 or 2.5 seconds. All swine were survived for 2 days prior to sacrifice. Results: nsPFA lesions were successfully delivered to create 2 linear (inter-caval and cavo-tricuspid isthmus lines), one right pulmonary vein isolation and 85 discrete sites (20-RA 17-LA 26-RV 22-LV).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-0f9b8d712185", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation Index-Guided Ablation for Lesion Formation: Impact of Contact Force and Number of Applications in the Ventricular Model", "authors": "Di Biase et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.123.012717", "pmid": "38390748", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: The effect of contact force (CF) on lesion formation is not clear during pulsed field ablation (PFA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of CF, PFA, and their interplay through the PFA index (PF index) formula on the ventricular lesion size in swine. Methods: PFA was delivered through the CF-sensing OMNYPULSE catheter. Predefined PFA applications (×3, ×6, ×9, and ×12) were delivered maintaining low (5-25 g), high (26-50 g), and very high (51-80 g) CFs. First, PFA lesions were evaluated on necropsy in 11 swine to investigate the impact of CF/PFA-and their integration in the PF index equation-on lesion size (study characterization). Then, 3 different PF index thresholds-300, 450, and 600-were tested in 6 swine to appraise the PF index accuracy to predict the ventricular lesion depth (study validation). Results: In the study characterization data set, 111 PFA lesions were analyzed. CF was 32±17 g. The average lesion depth and width were 3.5±1.2 and 12.0±3.5 mm, respectively. More than CF and PFA dose alone, it was their combined effect to impact lesion depth through an asymptotically increasing relationship. Likewise, not only was the PF index related to lesion depth in the study validation data set (r 2 =0.66; P <0.001) but it also provided a prediction accuracy of the observed depth of ±2 mm in 69/73 lesions (95%). Conclusions: CF and PFA applications play a key role in lesion formation during PFA. Further studies are required to evaluate the best PFA ablation settings to achieve transmural lesions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8a5faf0b8616", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation A Comprehensive Update", "authors": "Ezzeddine et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm13175191", "pmid": "39274404", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "One of the recent advancements in the field of cardiac electrophysiology is pulsed field ablation (PFA). PFA is a novel energy modality that does not rely on thermal processes to achieve ablation which, in turn, results in limited collateral damage to surrounding structures. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms, safety, efficacy, and clinical applications of PFA for the management of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. We also summarize the published pre-clinical and clinical studies regarding this new technology.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-70c81f6eb9ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation A Review and a Look into its Future", "authors": "Guttipatti et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Heart Surg Forum", "doi": "10.59958/hsf.7141", "pmid": "40475975", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel technology to treat atrial fibrillation (AF) utilizing electric fields to induce nonthermal irreversible electroporation of electrically active cardiac tissue to induce cardiac cell death. PFA offers improved safety benefits compared to traditional radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation by specifically ablating only cardiac tissue. However, there are avenues for further optimization including neurological risk associated with microbubble formation and left atrial function post ablation. Various PFA devices with different electric pulse waveforms have been studied and tested in human trials, with the majority utilizing microsecond duration pulses. Shorter nanosecond duration pulses, or nanosecond PFA, is beginning to be studied for AF ablation. In this review we will delve into current waveforms used for PFA, areas for improvement, mechanisms behind nanosecond PFA, and its clinical impact for cardiac ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c90e330c8ae6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "A novel contact force sensing pulsed field ablation catheter in a porcine model", "authors": "Hua et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Clin Cardiol", "doi": "10.1002/clc.24220", "pmid": "38402563", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a novel non-thermal modality with highly myocardium-specific. However, the PFA catheter based on contact force (CF)-sensing has not been reported. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel CF-sensing PFA catheter. Methods: First, different CF (5, 15, 25, and 35 g) of the novel PFA catheter were evaluated on lesion dimensions during ablation on right and left ventricle in two pigs. Next, this catheter was further evaluated on four typical sites of superior vena cava (SVC), cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI), right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV), and right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) for atrial ablation in another six pigs. Electrical isolation was evaluated immediately after ablation and 30-day survival. Chronic lesions were assessed via histopathology after euthanasia. Acute and chronic safety outcomes were observed peri- and post-procedurally. Results: In ventricular ablation, increased CF from 5 to 15 g produced significantly greater lesion depth but nonsignificant increases from 15 to 35 g. In atrial ablation, the novel CF-sensing PFA deliveries produced an acute attenuation of local electrograms and formation of a continuous line of block in all 6 pigs. The ablation line remained sustained blockage at the 30-day survival period. The CF of SVC, CTI, RSPV, and RIPV was 9.4 ± 1.5, 14.5 ± 3.2, 17.2 ± 2.6, and 13.4 ± 2.8 g, respectively. Moreover, no evidence of damage to esophagus or phrenic nerve was observed. Conclusion: The novel CF-sensing PFA catheter potentiated efficient, safe, and durable ablation, without causing damage to the esophagus or phrenic nerve.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a215d2996b7f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "AB-482898-003 LUMINAL ESOPHAGEAL TEMPERATURE AND ESOPHAGEAL DAMAGE BY LEFT ATRIAL PULSED FIELD ABLATION", "authors": "Kocharian et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.03.275", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Despite the good safety profile of pulsed-filed energy (PF) for the ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) reported in clinical studies, cases of renal failure caused probably by hemolysis were recently described. Objective: To analyze hemolysis in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using PF energy. Methods: Consecutive patients with AF indicated for PVI were enrolled. PVI was performed using PF (Farapulse, BSCI), or radiofrequency energy (RFA; CARTO Smart Touch, BW). Blood samples were drawn before the procedure, after completing the ablation, and one day after the procedure. Hemolysis was assessed based on the concentration of red blood cell microparticles (RBCm, i.e., fragments of damaged erythrocytes) using flow cytometry (identified as CD235a and annexin V positive events).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-c8708969ef92", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "PO-02-106 CORONARY ARTERIAL EFFECTS OF PULSED FIELD ABLATION VS RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION: PRECLINICAL INSIGHTS", "authors": "Koruth et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.03.721", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Pericardial adhesions develop in patients’ hearts after surgical cardiac intervention or infection. These adhesions make epicardial interventions such as ablation laborious. Advancing surgical tools into target areas within the heart becomes difficult and dangerous, leading to longer procedures and potentially additional invasive surgery. Objective: Design and test a device that will safely cut through pericardial adhesions without compromising the pericardium or epicardium for procedures that require epicardial access. Methods: The cutting tool prototype blade design was based on a beard trimmer to ensure protection of pericardium and epicardium (Figure 1A). The motion from the stepper motor, designed with adjustable parameters, such as speed and angle range, rotates the top blade around a pivot point (Figure 1A).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-ca9296948289", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Local calcium chloride infusion after pulsed field ablation enhances acute efficacy of cardiac electroporation", "authors": "Koya et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.16439", "pmid": "39363431", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an innovative therapy for cardiac arrhythmias. Drawing parallels with PFA's application in solid tumors, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) as an adjuvant therapy, known as calcium electroporation, may amplify PFA's apoptotic effects. We propose that PFA in the atrium…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fb6b311358ab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Evaluation of Ablation Parameters to Predict Irreversible Lesion Size During Pulsed Field Ablation", "authors": "Nakagawa et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.124.012814", "pmid": "39051118", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Background: During pulsed field ablation (PFA), relationships between ablation parameters (contact force [CF], number of burst pulses, impedance decrease, and electrode temperature) and lesion size in beating hearts have not been well validated. Methods: A 7.5F-catheter with a 3.5-mm ablation electrode and CF sensor…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ad39602fe713", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Hemolysis After Pulsed Field Ablation Impact of Lesion Number and Catheter-Tissue Contact", "authors": "Nies et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.124.012765", "pmid": "38651357", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology RESEARCH LETTER Hemolysis After Pulsed Field Ablation: Impact of Lesion Number and Catheter-Tissue Contact Moritz Nies , MD; Jacob S. Koruth , MD; Mikuláš Mlček , MD, PhD; Keita Watanabe , MD, PhD; Veronika C. Tibenská , PhD; Štěpán Královec; Leoš Tejkl, PhD; Petr Neuzil , MD, PhD; Vivek Y. Reddy , MD Downloaded from http://ahajournals.org by on August 10, 2026 D uring catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation, pulsed field ablation (PFA) has demonstrated important safety advantages over thermal energies.1,2 However, in a recent retrospective observational study of over 17 000 patients with atrial fibrillation treated with a pentaspline PFA catheter, an unexpected complication was observed: hemolysis-induced renal failure.3 This occurred in 5 patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (0.03%) who received an unusually large number of PFA lesions (143±27).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-ab27e36ca4bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Preclinical Study of Pulsed Field Ablation of Difficult Ventricular Targets: Intracavitary Mobile Structures, Interventricular Septum, and Left Ventricular Free Wall", "authors": "Nies et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.124.012734", "pmid": "38753535", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Endocardial catheter-based pulsed field ablation (PFA) of the ventricular myocardium is promising. However, little is known about PFA's ability to target intracavitary structures, epicardium, and ways to achieve transmural lesions across thick ventricular tissue. Methods: A lattice-tip catheter was used to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-27aef7db18c5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "First-in-human clinical series of a novel conformable large-lattice pulsed field ablation catheter for pulmonary vein isolation", "authors": "Reddy et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euae090", "pmid": "38584468", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Aims Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has significant advantages over conventional thermal ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). This first-in-human, single-arm trial to treat paroxysmal AF (PAF) assessed the efficiency, safety, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) durability and one-year clinical effectiveness of an 8 Fr, large-lattice, conformable single-shot PFA catheter together with a dedicated electroanatomical mapping system. Methods and results After rendering the PV anatomy, the PFA catheter delivered monopolar, biphasic pulse trains (5-6 s per application; ∼4 applications per PV). Three waveforms were tested: PULSE1, PULSE2, and PULSE3. Follow-up included ECGs, Holters at 6 and 12 months, and symptomatic and scheduled transtelephonic monitoring. The primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were acute PVI and post-blanking atrial arrhythmia recurrence, respectively. Invasive remapping was conducted ∼75 days post-ablation. At three centres, PVI was performed by five operators in 85 patients using PULSE1 (n = 30), PULSE2 (n = 20), and PULSE3 (n = 35). Acute PVI was achieved in 100% of PVs using 3.9 ± 1.4 PFA applications per PV. Overall procedure, transpired ablation, PFA catheter dwell and fluoroscopy times were 56.5 ± 21.6, 10.0 ± 6.0, 19.1 ± 9.3, and 5.7 ± 3.9 min, respectively. No pre-defined primary safety events occurred. Upon remapping, PVI durability was 90% and 99% on a per-vein basis for the total and PULSE3 cohort, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of one-year freedom from atrial arrhythmias was 81.8% (95% CI 70.2-89.2%) for the total, and 100% (95% CI 80.6-100%) for the PULSE3 cohort. Conclusion Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) utilizing a conformable single-shot PFA catheter to treat PAF was efficient, safe, and effective, with durable lesions demonstrated upon remapping.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2c937f428440", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation technology for pulmonary vein and left atrial posterior wall isolation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation", "authors": "Schiavone et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.16246", "pmid": "38519418", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Limited data exist on pulsed-field ablation (PFA) in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) undergoing left atrial posterior wall isolation (LAPWI). Methods: The Advanced TecHnologies For SuccEssful AblatioN of AF in Clinical Practice (ATHENA) prospective registry included consecutive patients referred for PeAF catheter ablation at 9 Italian centers, treated with the FARAPULSE TM -PFA system. The primary efficacy and safety study endpoints were the acute LAPWI rate, freedom from arrhythmic recurrences and the incidence of major periprocedural complications. Patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone, PWI + LAPWI and redo procedures were compared. Results: Among 249 patients, 21.7% had long-standing PeAF, 79.5% were male; mean age was 63 ± 9 years. LAPWI was performed in 57.6% of cases, with 15.3% being redo procedures. Median skin-to-skin times (PVI-only 68 [60-90] vs. PVI + LAPWI 70 [59-88] mins) did not differ between groups. 45.8% LAPWI cases were approached with a 3D-mapping system, and 37.3% with intracardiac echocardiography. LAPWI was achieved in all patients by means of PFA alone, in 88.8% cases at first pass. LAPWI was validated either by an Ultrahigh-density mapping system or by recording electrical activity + pacing maneuvers. No major complications occurred, while 2.4% minor complications were detected. During a median follow-up of 273 [191-379] days, 41 patients (16.5%) experienced an arrhythmic recurrence after the 90-day blanking period, with a mean time to recurrence of 223 ± 100 days and no differences among ablation strategies. Conclusion: LAPWI with PFA demonstrates feasibility, rapidity, and safety in real-world practice, offering a viable alternative for PeAF patients. LAPWI is achievable even with a fluoroscopy-only method and does not significantly extend overall procedural times.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-20d7674a2e99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "AF ablation using a novel \"single-shot\" map-and-ablate spherical array pulsed field ablation catheter: 1-Year outcomes of the first-in-human PULSE-EU trial", "authors": "Turagam et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.04.102", "pmid": "38768840", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: During pulsed field ablation (PFA), electrode-tissue proximity optimizes lesion quality. A novel \"single-shot\" map-and-ablate spherical multielectrode PFA array catheter that is able to verify electrode-tissue contact was recently studied in a first-in-human trial of atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4d391b89e7ff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation of Idiopathic LV Arrhythmias", "authors": "Younis et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "JACC Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jacep.2024.04.025", "pmid": "38878017", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Comparative efficacy and safety data on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus pulsed field ablation (PFA) for common idiopathic left ventricular arrhythmia (LV-VAs) locations are lacking. Objectives: This study sough to compare RFA with PFA of common idiopathic LV-VAs locations. Methods: Ten swine were randomized to PFA or RFA of LV interventricular septum, papillary muscle, LV summit via distal coronary sinus, and LV epicardium via subxiphoid approach. Ablations were delivered using an investigational dual-energy (RFA/PFA) contact force (CF) and local impedance-sensing catheter. After 1-week survival, animals were euthanized for lesion assessment. Results: A total of 55 PFA (4 applications/site of 2.0 KV, target CF ≥10 g) and 36 RFA (CF ≥10 g, 25-50 W targeting ≥50 Ω local impedance drop, 60-second duration) were performed. LV interventricular septum: average PFA depth 7.8 mm vs RFA 7.9 mm (P = 0.78) and no adverse events. Papillary muscle: average PFA depth 8.1 mm vs RFA 4.5 mm (P < 0.01). Left ventricular summit: average PFA depth 5.6 mm vs RFA 2.7 mm (P < 0.01). Steam-pop and/or ventricular fibrillation in 4 of 12 RFA vs 0 of 12 PFA (P < 0.01), no ST-segment changes observed. Epicardium: average PFA depth 6.4 mm vs RFA 3.3 mm (P < 0.01). Transient ST-segment elevations/depressions occurred in 4 of 5 swine in the PFA arm vs 0 of 5 in the RFA arm (P < 0.01). Angiography acutely and at 7 days showed normal coronaries in all cases. Conclusions: In this swine study, compared with RFA, PFA of common idiopathic LV-VAs locations produced deeper lesions with fewer steam pops. However, PFA was associated with higher rates of transient ST-segment elevations and depressions with direct epicardium ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ef9c8f9a23fa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy of Pulsed Field vs Radiofrequency for the Reablation of Chronic Radiofrequency Ablation Substrate: Redo Pulsed Field Ablation", "authors": "Younis et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "JACC Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jacep.2023.09.015", "pmid": "37978965", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Background: The efficacy of pulsed field ablation (PFA) for redo procedures is unknown. Objectives: In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PFA when performing PFA over chronic RFA (redo environment). Methods: This was a 3-step in vivo study. In step 1 (creation of redo environment), 6 swine…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7e1843944b6e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Impact of Contact Force on Pulsed Field Ablation Outcomes Using Focal Point Catheter", "authors": "Younis et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.123.012723", "pmid": "38690671", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Conventional focal radiofrequency catheters may be modified to enable multiple energy modalities (radiofrequency or pulsed field [PF]) with the benefit of contact force (CF) feedback, providing greater flexibility in the treatment of arrhythmias. Information on the impact of CF on lesion formation in PF…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-41f83cdec27b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Bayesian Meta-Analysis of Non-Randomized Studies", "authors": "Abbas et al", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.22541/au.175828522.23936840/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is an established modality for atrial fibrillation (AF) due to myocardial selectivity and reduced collateral injury. Its role in ventricular tachycardia (VT) remains uncertain, with evidence limited to case reports and small series. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5dcb1f23f1f9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis", "authors": "Arrighini et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-025-02166-w", "pmid": "41269503", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel, non-thermal technique for atrial fibrillation ablation that is currently under early investigation for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PFA in this setting. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science for studies on PFA in PSVT, including atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) with concealed or manifest accessory pathways. Outcomes included acute ablation success, success at 1, 3, and 6 months, and procedural/postoperative adverse events (AEs). Proportions were pooled using a random-effects model with arcsine transformation to account for extreme values. Analyses were conducted using R (v4.3.2). Results: Five prospective single-arm studies involving 202 patients were included. The pooled acute success rate was 99.98% (95% CI: 99.29-100), with sustained success at 1, 3, and 6 months. Procedural and postoperative AE rates were low: 0.92% (95% CI: 0.00-4.88) and 0.06% (95% CI: 0.00-0.87), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed 100% acute success in AVNRT and in AVRT with concealed pathways, with high sustained success at 6 months. In AVRT with manifest pathways, acute success was 97.5% (95% CI: 84.74-100), maintained through follow-up. Conclusion: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PFA demonstrated excellent safety and efficacy for the treatment of PSVT. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to establish the outcomes of PFA in this setting relative to thermal ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-45250e210ffe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed-field ablation vs. thermal ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Badertscher et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euaf179", "pmid": "40808386", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Radiofrequency and cryoablation have been the standard energy sources for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), whereas pulsed-field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a treatment alternative.1,2 Large observational studies have suggested that PFA is both safe and effective.3 Two randomized trials have now compared PFA with thermal energy sources. The ADVENT trial4 and the SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION trial5 randomized participants with paroxysmal AF to PFA or thermal energy sources. The objective of this study-level meta-analysis was to systematically review, synthesize, and appraise published randomized trials comparing the efficacy and safety of PFA with thermal energy sources for the treatment of paroxysmal AF. A structured systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2018 and 2025 using the following keywords: pulsed-field, cryoballoon, thermal, and radiofrequency. Eligible studies included RCTs reporting on the efficacy and/or safety of PVI using PFA compared with thermal energy in patients with paroxysmal AF. The primary efficacy endpoint was the absence of atrial arrhythmia recurrence through 3 and 12 months following ablation. Statistical analyses were conducted employing random-effects models for continuous and binary outcomes. The variance between studies was calculated using the DerSimonian–Laird estimator, and the confidence interval of the tau-squared was calculated by using the Jackson method. The systematic literature review, completed on 8 April 2025, yielded 351 abstracts, of which two RCTs met the criteria, encompassing 817 patients. Four hundred ten patients were ablated with PFA and 407 with thermal energy. The weighted mean age was 62 years, and the mean proportion of women was 33%. Both RCTs used a non-inferiority design, and the outcome of absence of atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence between 3 and 12 months. Pulsed-field ablation was non-inferior to thermal energy for the primary outcome, although superiority was not achieved [risk difference (RD) of a random-effects model 0.05 95% CI (−0.09–0.19)]. Other efficacy outcomes (need for cardioversion after 3 months, antiarrhythmic treatment, and redo ablation) showed no difference between both ablation energies (Figure 1). In both studies, PFA was associated with a significantly shorter procedural duration [standardized mean difference (SMD) −17.7 min, P < 0.001] and significantly shorter left atrial dwell time (SMD −19.9 min, P < 0.001) with no difference in fluoroscopy duration (SMD 3.36 min, P = 0.383). Serious complications up to 30 days (death, phrenic nerve palsy, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, cardiac tamponade, vascular access complication, or extraoesophageal fistula) were rare and occurred in 6/410 (1.46%) of the PFA patients and in 5/407 (1.23%) of the thermal energy patients. Summary of randomized trial evidence (ADVENT and SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION) comparing pulsed-field versus thermal ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. In this meta-analysis of two contemporary RCTs, PFA showed non-inferiority as compared with thermal ablation with a comparable risk profile and was associated with shorter procedure times. The following key differences between the two RCT are noteworthy: the ADVENT trial used intermittent Holter monitoring, prone to underreporting of atrial arrhythmia recurrences,6 while SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION employed implantable cardiac monitors. Operators in ADVENT were new to PFA, while at least 6 months experience with PFA was present in SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION. The ADVENT trial included both cryoballoon and radiofrequency ablation as comparators, which are known to have different safety profiles, whereas the SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION trial focused exclusively on cryoballoon ablation. While in ADVENT no information regarding atrial arrhythmia recurrence during the blanking period was provided, in SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION a significantly lower recurrence rate was found for PFA. Taken together, these differences limit direct comparability between the two trials and reduce the clinical interpretability of pooled estimates from this meta-analysis. In addition, the inclusion of only two randomized trials with the rather small total sample size of 817 patients limits the power to detect significant differences in long-term outcomes or rare adverse events. A prior meta-analysis of predominantly observational studies encompassing 2255 patients confirmed the favourable safety profile of PFA, with lower rates of oesophageal injury and phrenic nerve palsy, but higher rates of pericardial tamponade.7 Similarly, Vetta et al.8 reported lower overall complication rates with PFA compared with cryoballoon ablation. While the SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION trial included hierarchical testing for superiority following non-inferiority, our meta-analysis, based on study-level data from both trials, does not allow definitive conclusions regarding superiority. Accordingly, our findings should be interpreted within the broader context of non-inferiority-focused evidence. Furthermore, as both trials used the Farapulse system, the findings of this meta-analysis cannot be generalized to other pulsed-field ablation platforms. In conclusion, this meta-analysis shows that PFA is a non-inferior and more efficient alternative to thermal ablation for patients with paroxysmal AF but also emphasizes the importance of operator experience and monitoring techniques in determining the success rate of PFA. Future research should focus on testing superiority endpoints, include larger populations, extend follow-up durations, and incorporate standardized rhythm monitoring and include non-paroxysmal AF patients to establish the role of PFA in the management of AF. Swiss Heart Foundation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ac7548543f8f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation and the risk of hemolysis-driven acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Barbosa et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-025-02206-5", "pmid": "41359232", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a potentially safer alternative to radiofrequency ablation (RFA). However, recent studies have raised concerns that PFA may induce hemolysis, which could contribute to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-00f05e9ecc7e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Vascular Closure Device Following Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Controlled Trial", "authors": "Dashwood et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70051", "pmid": "40985473", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation often involves large-diameter catheters, posing challenges for post-procedure hemostasis and discharge. The impact of Perclose Prostyle vascular closure device (VCD) on time to ambulation and vascular access complications in patients undergoing pulsed field ablation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-464380f24c59", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "PVI With CF-Sensing Large-Tip Focal PFA Catheter With 3D Mapping for Paroxysmal AF: Omny-IRE 3-Month Results", "authors": "Duytschaever et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "JACC Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jacep.2025.04.008", "pmid": "40340298", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Omny-IRE (A Study For Treatment of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation [PAF] With the OMNYPULSE Catheter and the TRUPULSE Generator) evaluated safety and effectiveness of a novel large-tip focal, multielectrode, contact force-sensing, pulsed field ablation catheter with electroanatomic mapping integration. Objectives: This study sought to assess 3-month safety and effectiveness of the platform for treating symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was performed using the OMNYPULSE Platform. Primary effectiveness was adenosine/isoproterenol-proof entrance block. Primary safety was occurrence of primary adverse events. Prespecified patient subsets underwent systematic brain imaging, esophageal endoscopy, cardiac computed tomography/magnetic resonance angiogram, and mandatory 3-month remapping for PVI durability assessment. Results: Of 188 patients enrolled, 136 were included in the per-protocol analysis. Primary effectiveness was 100% (136 of 136). Median (Q1-Q3) procedure, left atrial dwell, total ablation, and total fluoroscopy times were 105.5 (91.0-124.0), 70.0 (56.0-81.5), 46.9 (37.1-58.8), and 5.0 (3.1-9.8) minutes, respectively. The primary adverse event rate was 3.0% (4 of 135 patients with 3-month follow-up; 3 major vascular access complications, 1 pericarditis). Brain imaging (n = 30) revealed 1 patient (3.3%) with an asymptomatic silent cerebral event at discharge, which resolved at 1 month without neurological change. No esophageal injury was observed. Computed tomography/magnetic resonance angiogram imaging (n = 24) showed no incidences of pulmonary vein narrowing >70%. During remapping, PVI was durable in 84.5% (98 of 116) of veins and 62.1% (18 of 29) of patients. With an optimized workflow, PVI durability improved to 89.3% (75 of 84) and 71.4% (15 of 21) of veins and patients, respectively. Conclusions: The force-sensing, large-focal pulsed field ablation catheter with 3-dimensional electroanatomic mapping integration showed 100% acute success with a promising safety profile for treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Prespecified remapping showed good PVI durability. (A Study For Treatment of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation [PAF] With the OMNYPULSE Catheter and the TRUPULSE Generator; NCT05971693).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-177dad6196f7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Biophysics and Clinical Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation", "authors": "Eberl et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Dev Dis", "doi": "10.3390/jcdd12060218", "pmid": "40558653", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Understanding the biophysics of electroporation-the mechanism by which pulsed electric fields achieve tissue ablation-is essential for advancing this emerging technology. In this review, we summarize key publications from past years to provide an overview of current knowledge and future perspectives. We discuss the fundamental principles of PFA at the cellular, physical, and technical levels, along with its potential benefits and limitations. A deeper understanding of these biophysical mechanisms and the parameters required to create durable lesions may contribute to improved clinical outcomes and drive future innovation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-330b030ff8d4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "The efficiency and safety of zero-exchange workflows in pulsed field ablation: Comprehensive insights from the DISRUPT-AF registry", "authors": "Eckart et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Heart Rhythm O2", "doi": "10.1016/j.hroo.2025.07.014", "pmid": "41169981", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has revolutionized catheter ablation procedures in terms of safety, efficiency, and efficacy. Streamlined zero-exchange workflows with therapy sheath integrated transseptal puncture (TSP) devices may offer further improvements. However, the impact of device exchanges on real-world PFA procedures remains unknown. Objective: We aimed to describe and quantify procedural characteristics associated with different PFA workflows. Methods: The DISRUPT-AF registry (NCT06335082) is an observational, prospective study assessing clinical experience with the pentaspline PFA system in the United States. Procedures are performed as per standard-of-care, where specific workflows and left atrial (LA) access devices were not mandated. Results: A total of 873 cases (mean age, 68.0 ± 11.4 years; 38.6% women) with 62 unique operators across 20 centers were assessed. Of these, 10.1%, 63.1%, and 26.8% reported \"0\"-, \"1-2\"-, and \"3+\"-exchanges, respectively. Regardless of atrial fibrillation subtype, zero-exchange workflows were associated with significantly shorter and more consistent TSP times (0:5.7 ± 4.2 min; 1-2:15.3 ± 7.3 min; 3+:19.2 ± 9.3 min; P < 0.001), left atrium dwell times (0:26.9 ± 10.2 min; 1-2:36.8 ± 13.2 min; 3+:50.8 ± 17.8 min; P < .001), and relative procedure times (0: 100%; 1-2: 152.7%; 3+: 209.4%; P < .001), when compared with 1-2 and 3+-exchange procedures. Despite this increased efficiency, there were no differences in TSP success rates, PFA lesion count, acute pulmonary vein isolation rates, and procedural complication rates between the 3 workflows. Conclusion: The adoption of zero-exchange workflows enabled by therapy sheath-integrated TSP devices results in significant improvements in procedural efficiency and predictability without compromising patient safety or acute outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8cd461891c68", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Effects of Interphase and Interpulse Delays on Tissue Impedance and Pulsed Field Ablation", "authors": "Jacobs", "year": 2025, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-025-03757-4", "pmid": "40380020", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a pulsed field ablation (PFA) technique that employs a series of high-voltage, microseconds-long positive and negative pulses, separated by interphase (d1) and interpulse (d2) delays to non-thermally ablate tissue. Previous experimental and computational data suggest an impact of delays on nerve excitation and electrochemical effects. However, the impact of delays on PFA outcomes, such as change in resistance and ablation generation, has only recently started to be elucidated. Methods: While recording the applied voltage and currents, we delivered a series of increasing voltages, termed voltage ramps, into tuber and cardiac tissues using both needle electrode pairs and flat plate electrodes. Tissues were stained for metabolic activity to measure irreversible electroporation areas following treatment. Results: Our findings support previous in vitro data that delays do not significantly affect ablation areas. While there were significant differences in applied current, resistance, and conductivity between different pulse widths at sub-electroporation electric fields, we found no significant differences after inducing electroporation between different delays and pulse widths. Consequently, since delays do not affect ablation areas or local conductivity, the data suggests that delays should not affect the electric field threshold or Joule heating within the tissue. Conclusion: The findings presented here provide critical insights into electroporation-dependent tissue conductivity changes from H-FIRE with implications for improving H-FIRE parameterization and computational models for treatment planning in cancer and cardiac pulsed field ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-482c4ef29e74", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation in medicine: irreversible electroporation and electropermeabilization theory and applications", "authors": "Jacobs", "year": 2025, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2025-0011", "pmid": "40014783", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Focal ablation techniques are integral in the surgical intervention of diseased tissue, where it is necessary to minimize damage to the surrounding parenchyma and critical structures. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) and high-frequency IRE (H-FIRE), colloquially called pulsed-field ablation (PFA)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cf73dda516f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Comparative efficacy and procedural outcomes of pulsed field ablation vs. thermal ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials", "authors": "Krishan et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Eur Heart J Open", "doi": "10.1093/ehjopen/oeaf092", "pmid": "40809739", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Graphical Abstract.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3f362cc7414b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Redesigning Pulsed Field Ablation Catheter Form Factors for Lesion Precision, Durability, and Safety", "authors": "Levy et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70078", "pmid": "41347756", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a cutting-edge treatment for arrhythmias that targets cardiac tissue with rapid, high-voltage electric current pulses, resulting in irreversible electroporation. Freed from the constraints of traditional radiofrequency (RF) ablation, the non-thermal mechanism and myocardial selectivity…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-89b8d39d23fd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Rationale and Design of the InsightPFA Trial: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of the Irreversible Electroporation-Based Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Chinese Patients With Symptomatic Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.16573", "pmid": "39853845", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is gaining recognition as a nonthermal, tissue-specific technique for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The preclinical evaluation of the investigated novel PFA system from Insight Medtech Co. Ltd has demonstrated feasibility, safety, and 30-day efficacy for pulmonary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4fcd63c85236", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Impact of contact force and pulsed field ablation parameters on myocardial lesion formation during pulsed field ablation: A systematic review of pre-clinical studies", "authors": "Marazzato et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Prog Cardiovasc Dis", "doi": "10.1016/j.pcad.2025.07.001", "pmid": "40645395", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel and minimally thermal energy source that exploits the biophysics of irreversible electroporation (IRE) to cause cell death. Differently from radiofrequency ablation (RFA) where adequate catheter-tissue contact proved paramount in lesion formation, the additional role of contact force (CF) during PFA is under debate due to the inherent myocardial selectivity and the customizable nature of IRE. In fact, it is not clear whether the amount of contact exerted during PFA delivery is as pivotal in achieving optimal lesion size as during RFA. Moreover, the variety of PFA catheters and the myriads of IRE ablation settings available would further potentially limit the role of CF in this scenario. However, beyond CF, specific ablation parameters, such as the PFA dose, number of pulses, catheter tip orientation and specific PFA workflows, proved to act in synergy with CF in achieving wide and deep ablation lesions even during PFA delivery. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to provide a better understanding on which ablation parameters - CF included - can help to obtain effective lesion formation during PFA.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cd8277dbb9b6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Outcomes With Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Conventional Thermal Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Mohamed et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Arrhythm", "doi": "10.1002/joa3.70207", "pmid": "41132799", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulmonary vein isolation is a standard therapy for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a novel approach aiming to improve efficacy and safety over conventional thermal ablation (CTA) (radiofrequency and cryoballoon). This meta-analysis evaluated outcomes of PFA versus thermal ablation in paroxysmal AF. Methods: Electronic databases were searched through May 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that compared the efficacy and safety of PFA versus CTA. The primary outcome was AF recurrence. Summary estimates were conducted using random effects. Results: A total of six studies, involving 1928 patients, were included. The incidence of AF recurrence was significantly lower among patients treated with PFA (risk ratio [RR] 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.85). PFA was associated with a lower incidence of any atrial arrhythmia recurrence (RR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-0.99). The total procedure duration was significantly shorter with PFA (mean difference -21.46 min (95% CI: -26.04 to -16.88)), but there was no difference in fluoroscopy time. The rates of esophageal injury and phrenic nerve palsy were lower with PFA. However, the data were limited for these two outcomes, and a meta-analysis was not conducted for them. There was no difference between the two groups in the incidence of stroke or pericardial tamponade. Conclusion: Among patients with paroxysmal AF undergoing catheter ablation, PFA is associated with favorable outcomes, including lower recurrence and shorter procedure time compared to conventional ablation modalities.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-249bd016b037", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Durability of Pulsed Field Ablation Lesions Current Understanding and Future Directions", "authors": "Neven", "year": 2025, "journal": "Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev", "doi": "10.15420/aer.2025.36", "pmid": "41208821", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA) represents a paradigm shift in the catheter-based treatment of AF, offering myocardial-selective ablation through the non-thermal mechanism of irreversible electroporation. Despite promising early outcomes, the durability of PFA lesions, particularly over mid-and long-term follow-up…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-45517fe59c8c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Evaluating Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Procedural Outcomes", "authors": "Prajapati et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70082", "pmid": "41251427", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: While radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation (CBA) are established treatments for atrial fibrillation (AF), pulsed field ablation (PFA) offers potential benefits. This study compares PFA's procedural outcomes with RFA and CBA. Methods: A PRISMA-guided systematic review searched PubMed, Cochrane…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-caa16f629324", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety, Efficacy, and Mid-Term Outcomes of Pulsed Field Ablation for Cavotricuspid Isthmus-Dependent Flutter: Real-World Data From a Major Health System Registry", "authors": "Rodriguez-Riascos et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1161/CIRCEP.125.014276", "pmid": "41328574", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation is frequently performed either as a standalone procedure or in combination with pulmonary vein isolation. With the rapid adoption of pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation, it is essential to delineate the utility of this modality in treating CTI-dependent atrial…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d8fa46c6049b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Acute safety and efficacy and long-term outcome of pulsed field ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation in patients with dilated left atrium", "authors": "Rossillo et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euaf085.384", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Increased left atrial (LA) size in atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with AF recurrence following ablation. Limited data exist on pulsed-field ablation (PFA) in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and dilated LA. Purpose We aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of PFA in patients with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-154346afa0c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Endoluminal catheter pulsed field ablation for the treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease", "authors": "Salameh et al", "year": 2025, "journal": null, "doi": "10.1101/2025.09.06.674641", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Atherosclerotic vascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current treatments such as angioplasty, stenting, and atherectomy are invasive and limited by restenosis, thrombosis, and incomplete long-term efficacy. Pulsed field ablation (PFA), a nonthermal electroporation-based modality, has demonstrated safety in other cardiovascular applications, but it has not been applied for the treatment of endoluminal vascular diseases. We investigated whether pulsed electric fields could be delivered within the coronary artery and if PFA could selectively ablate the cellular components of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods A bipolar catheter-based PFA probe was fabricated using a balloon catheter with flexible electrodes and evaluated through a combination of ex vivo evaluations. The electrical conductivities of human atherosclerotic plaques were derived from previous impedance measurements for patient-specific multi-tissue and single-cell electroporation modeling. PFA was then evaluated for selective decellularization within an electrical conductivity-matched 3D fibrotic atherosclerosis tissue mimic using high concentrations of human macrophages and aggregated oxidized low-density lipoproteins, encapsulated within a collagen matrix. Results Endoluminal bipolar probe evaluation demonstrated probe positioning and high voltage pulsed electric field delivery within the left coronary artery of ex vivo porcine hearts, with maximum ablations (6.99 cm 2 ) and current (13 A) evaluated within live potato tissue. The multi-tissue model then indicated that endoluminal PFA can effectively cover >95% of severe and thick plaques with irreversible electroporation, with single-cell modeling supporting the electroporation of foam cells within the plaque. The 3D atherosclerosis mimic validated the ability of PFA to completely ablate the foam cells with fibrotic tissue at >1000 V/cm. Conclusions This study provides the first demonstration of PFA for the treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease. By combining experimental validation with computational modeling, we establish proof-of-concept that PFA can selectively ablate diseased cells while preserving extracellular architecture, laying the groundwork for future translational development of this therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Teknik / Cihaz Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-5d6901180c", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:salameh", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.1101/" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2566ab4214f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and integrity of cardiac implantable electronic devices during and after pulsed-field ablation (SAFE-PFA registry)", "authors": "Woermann et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euaf085.358", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Background Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a novel non-thermal atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation technique presumed safety benefits due to its tissue selectivity. However, the high-voltage electric field used in PFA may directly affect or interfere with the functionality of cardiac implantable electronic devices…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fb50a646a72b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of AC16 Cardiomyocytes Induced by Nanosecond High Voltage Pulse In Vitro", "authors": "Ye et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.70163", "pmid": "41243396", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Background: Cardiomyocyte lines are widely used in cardiovascular research. For cardiac ablation, the factors affecting cardiomyocytes by pulsed electrical field (PEF) ablation are being investigated due to the sensitivity of cardiomyocytes to electrical pulses. Previous studies have shown that AC16 death is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b2f8772a3453", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Head-to-head comparison of two pulsed field ablation systems for atrial fibrillation: one-year outcomes from a large multicenter registry", "authors": "Abeln et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.635", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Research on pulsed field ablation (PFA) systems for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has expanded rapidly in recent years, particularly with respect to short-term safety and efficacy outcomes. In contrast, evidence regarding long-term efficacy comparing different PFA systems remains limited. Purpose To…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d92d76485ced", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed-field ablation versus cryoballoon ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression", "authors": "Ahmed et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02301-1", "pmid": "41886187", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Cryoballoon ablation (CBA) is a widely used method for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), while Pulsed-Field ablation (PFA) is a newer, non-thermal technique that shows promise for improved safety and efficacy. METHODS: PubMed and Cochrane Library were searched until June 2025 for studies comparing PFA and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-174a0d437bee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation versus cryoballoon ablation for pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis with subgroup analyses by AF type", "authors": "Al Diab Al Azzawi et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "BMC Cardiovasc Disord", "doi": "10.1186/s12872-026-05839-0", "pmid": "41975284", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a non-thermal alternative to cryoballoon ablation (CBA) for pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation (AF). We compared their procedural efficiency, safety, and 1-year outcomes. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and Embase through October…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9efeaf89cd34", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation vs. medical therapy for atrial fibrillation: a propensity score-matched comparison with the JoFib registry", "authors": "Al-slaimieh et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Cardiovasc Med", "doi": "10.3389/fcvm.2026.1814114", "pmid": "42325676", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel, non-thermal method for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). We conducted this study, as part of one of the earliest reports originating from the MENA region, to compare the efficacy of PFA vs. medical therapy alone for the treatment of AF. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in which 62 patients who underwent PFA ablation for AF were compared with a cohort of 62 propensity score-matched patients sourced from the JoFib Registry. Rates of readmission in both arms due to AF recurrence or heart failure exacerbation driven by rapid ventricular response to AF within the period of 1 and 6 months were considered the primary study endpoints. Data were cleaned and analyzed using R 4.5.3. Results: Both cohorts were well matched in terms of age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure, left atrial diameter, CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score, ejection fraction, and prior use of antiarrhythmic drugs. Compared with medical therapy, PFA showed significantly lower readmission rates at 1 and 6 months (3.2% and 4.8% vs. 12.9% and 17.7%; p < 0.05). A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly higher freedom from readmission rates in the PFA cohort compared with the JoFib cohort (92% vs. 69%; log-rank p = 0.002). Conclusions: This early report from the MENA region aligns with the global consensus supporting PFA as a treatment for AF and lays the foundation for future larger studies to investigate PFA in this specific population.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ca61330c4f15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Thermal Ablation for First-Time Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Alnomani et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Arrhythm", "doi": "10.1002/joa3.70438", "pmid": "42568857", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: With over 60 million cases worldwide, atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias in adults. Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a significant alternative to thermal ablation for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of PFA versus thermal ablation in patients undergoing first-time PVI. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to 2025. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from reconstructed Kaplan-Meier survival curves to compare atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence between PFA and thermal ablation. Random-effects models were used to compare AF recurrence, durable PVI, redo procedures, phrenic nerve palsy (PNP), and other safety outcomes between the two groups. Results: A total of 27 studies comprising 8546 patients were included. Kaplan-Meier reconstruction from ten studies demonstrated higher 12-month arrhythmia-free survival with PFA compared with thermal ablation (78.4% [95% CI, 76.1-80.8] vs. 73.4% [95% CI, 71.5-75.4]). Thermal ablation was associated with a significantly higher risk of atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.10-1.48; p = 0.001). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that PFA significantly reduced the recurrence risk in patients with paroxysmal AF (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.31-2.03; p < 0.001), whereas no significant difference was observed in those with persistent AF (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.92-1.41; p = 0.25). Conclusions: PFA was associated with lower rates of atrial tachyarrhythmia and AF recurrence rates than thermal ablation in patients undergoing first-time PVI; however, these findings should be interpreted cautiously, given the predominance of observational studies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-101d6dfbaf2e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Prognostic Impact of Early Recurrence Following Pulsed Field Ablation A Meta‐Analysis", "authors": "Arevalo et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.70245", "pmid": "41517908", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The conventional 3-month blanking period after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has been applied irrespective of energy modality. Pulsed field ablation (PFA), a nonthermal technique, may elicit different tissue responses, questioning the appropriateness of this timeframe. We performed a meta-analysis to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ddc25ca0f2ba", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed-field ablation for ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular contractions: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Askarinejad et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.1115", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is an emerging non-thermal energy modality that induces irreversible electroporation, selectively affecting myocardial cells while sparing surrounding tissue. It has shown promise in treating atrial arrhythmias and is now being explored for ventricular arrhythmias. This updated…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-25e30173b2dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "From trial to practice: early multicenter real-world experience with the circular pulsed field ablation catheter", "authors": "Ballesteros et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02410-x", "pmid": "42536270", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: The PulseSelect™ circular pulsed field ablation (PFA) catheter demonstrated excellent safety in its pivotal trial, but real-world evidence on its early adoption and implementation remains scarce. Objective: To report the first multicentre, real-world experience of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation with the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-44cdd04533e7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Dosing of single-shot pulsed field ablation systems A systematic review of efficacy and safety balance", "authors": "Bax et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2026.05.025", "pmid": "42190934", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is emerging as an alternative to thermal ablation for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in atrial fibrillation, although PFA-specific complications have arisen. This review provides an overview of the efficacy and safety of single-shot PFA systems. Of 804 PubMed studies (January 14, 2026), 47 primary PVI studies were included. All PFA systems reported almost 100% acute PVI. The multispline, circular, and spherical catheters showed significant changes in hemolysis biomarkers. However, acute kidney injury occurred only with the pentaspline (n = 39 of 1307) and variable-loop catheters (n = 4 of 122). Myocardial injury biomarkers significantly increased in the multispline, circular, and spherical catheters. Hemolysis, acute kidney injury, and myocardial injury were all linked to more applications. 6-12 months of arrhythmia-free survival was 55%-88% for both the multispline and circular catheters and 77%-88% for the spherical catheters. Comparison is difficult owing to the heterogeneity of systems. Prospective trials are needed to optimize PFA dosing, balancing efficacy and safety.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-54d43f9a7827", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Early recurrence after pulsed field ablation as a potential predictor of late arrhythmia: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Bistriceanu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.630", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Current atrial fibrillation (AF) guidelines and expert consensus documents from major societies discuss early arrhythmia recurrence (ER) within the first 3 months after catheter ablation as predictive of late recurrence (LR). These recommendations are based almost exclusively on thermal ablation. With…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "onceki_tedavi", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3be7e205d0a4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed-field ablation of atrial fibrillation in octogenarians safety profile and two-year outcomes", "authors": "Bobosik et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.186", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Introduction In the Czech Republic, the majority of catheter ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation (AF) are currently performed using pulsed-field (PF) ablation. Management of older AF patients is often challenging; however, this age group is increasingly being considered for invasive treatment. Objectives and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-06636f60871a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and efficacy of pulsed field ablation versus cryoablation for atrial fibrillation: A comprehensive meta-analysis", "authors": "Bokhari et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Medicine (Baltimore)", "doi": "10.1097/MD.0000000000047353", "pmid": "41578543", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) and cryoablation (CA) aim to isolate pulmonary veins and prevent AF recurrence. This meta-analysis aims to provide a comprehensive comparison of PFA and CA in treatment of AF in context of efficacy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-69834c823373", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation Versus High-Power Short-Duration Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation-A Meta-Analysis of Reconstructed Time-to-Event Data", "authors": "Bregion et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Dev Dis", "doi": "10.3390/jcdd13050181", "pmid": "42188067", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has shown promising results for atrial fibrillation (AF), with efficacy comparable to established ablation techniques. High-power short-duration (HPSD) ablation has also emerged as a potential alternative. However, the relative superiority between these approaches remains…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c63f620108b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "New Energy, Old Lessons: The Evolving Safety Profile of Pulsed Field Ablation", "authors": "Campos-Villarreal et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "JACC Case Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.jaccas.2026.108763", "pmid": "42530213", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "[Figure: see text]", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-451bfa02c322", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy and safety of pulsed field ablation and very high-power short-duration ablation for atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis", "authors": "Cao et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Cardiovasc Med", "doi": "10.3389/fcvm.2026.1860269", "pmid": "42553159", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) and very high power short duration ablation (vHPSD) are new techniques for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation that have been rapidly developed in recent years. However, there are still limited high-quality studies on the clinical efficacy and safety of the two methods in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Wanfang, CNKI and other Chinese and English databases to collect relevant studies on the efficacy and safety of PFA vs. vHPSD in the treatment of AF published up to May 11, 2026. Two researchers independently completed literature screening and data extraction. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and ROBINS-I tool to evaluate the study quality and risk of bias, respectively. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random-effects models, and meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity and publication bias. Results: A total of 11 observational studies involving 1,476 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation between the PFA group and the vHPSD group during the follow-up period ( RR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.91 to 1.07, P = 0.722). There was no significant difference in the rate of pulmonary vein isolation between the two groups ( RR = 1.00, 95%CI: 1.00 to 1.00, P = 1.000). In terms of safety outcomes, there was no significant difference in the total incidence of surgery-related complications between the two groups ( RR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.58 to 1.35, P = 0.5353). In the continuous outcomes, there were significant differences in procedure time ( MD = -31.64, 95%CI: -40.22 to -23.06, P < 0.0001) and fluoroscopy time ( MD = 6.93, 95%CI: 4.32-9.55, P < 0.0001) between the PFA group and the vHPSD group. Conclusions: Based on the existing research evidence, this study indicates that there is no significant difference in the efficacy and safety of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation between pulsed field ablation (PFA) and very high power short duration ablation (vHPSD). The procedure time of the PFA group is shorter than that of the vHPSD group, and the fluoroscopy time is longer than that of the vHPSD group. In view of the small sample size and short follow-up time, more randomized controlled trials with large sample size and long-term follow-up are still needed to further verify the above conclusions. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261322321, PROSPERO (Registration ID: CRD420261322321).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-68cae3c09dae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Zero Low-fluoroscopy pulsed-field ablation approach a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Erzinger et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02337-3", "pmid": "42029876", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of pulsed-field (PFA) ablation with zero/low-fluoroscopy (ZF/LF) approach is unclear with previous evidence limited to thermal technique. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, were systematically searched for studies reporting outcomes of ZF approach with PFA. Proportions were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bdbe1089eba8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Comparative safety of radiofrequency versus pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation in a high-volume US medical center", "authors": "Ferro et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.656", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has demonstrated comparable efficacy to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), with enhanced safety due to its cardiac selectivity. More recently, however, market recalls of some PFA catheters have raised concerns about the cerebrovascular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e6ec71ff4073", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Elderly Patients", "authors": "Follesa et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Arrhythm", "doi": "10.1002/joa3.70267", "pmid": "41487449", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is increasingly used for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), but older patients remain underrepresented in clinical trials. This study aimed to compare procedural outcomes and mid-term effectiveness of PFA in patients aged ≤ 75 and > 75 years. Methods: In this retrospective single-center cohort, 479 consecutive patients underwent PFA for AF between January 2022 and April 2024. Patients were grouped by age (≤ 75 vs. > 75 years at ablation). Procedural parameters and acute complications were compared. Arrhythmia-free survival was assessed with Kaplan-Meier analysis after an 8-weeks blanking period, and predictors of recurrence were evaluated using Cox regressions. Results: Of 479 patients (mean age 65.0 ± 12.1 years; 73.6% males), 104 (21.7%) were > 75 years at ablation. Patients > 75 years had more comorbidities, including hypertension and impaired renal function. Pulmonary vein isolation was achieved in 99.8% of cases. Acute complication rates were similar between groups (7.7% in > 75 vs. 8.5% in ≤ 75, p = 1.00), with low rates of tamponade (1.5%) and stroke (1.3%). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no difference in arrhythmia-free survival. At 6 months, freedom from atrial arrhythmia was 81.4% in the > 75 group and 83.8% in the ≤ 75 group ( p = 0.57); corresponding rates at 12 months were 60.1% and 68.6%. Age was not an independent predictor of recurrence. At last follow-up, 75.7% of patients were off antiarrhythmic drugs. Conclusions: PFA in patients > 75 years is associated with low complication rates and favorable rhythm outcomes, comparable to those in younger patients. These findings support the use of PFA in elderly patients with AF.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d630df9f39b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Correction: Repeat procedures after pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation: tertiary centre experience and meta-analysis of observational studies", "authors": "Ha et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02287-w", "pmid": "41784922", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-47fdba100ccd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Repeat procedures after pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation: tertiary centre experience and meta-analysis of observational studies", "authors": "Ha et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02258-1", "pmid": "41712165", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Limited real-world data exist regarding pulmonary vein (PV) and posterior wall (PW) durability after index pulsed field ablation (PFA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients undergoing repeat procedure. METHODS: We performed a single-centre retrospective observational study of consecutive patients who underwent repeat procedure for arrhythmia recurrence after index PFA for AF and a meta-analysis of published observational studies. All patients underwent index PV ± PW isolation with Farapulse/Farawave (Boston Scientific, US). Endpoints were incidence of repeat procedure and durability of PVI and PW ablation at repeat procedure. A meta-analysis was also performed evalutaing these endpoints following PFA with the same pentaspline catheter. RESULTS: Out of 751 index PFA procedure, 50 patients underwent repeat procedure (6.7%) at median 6.8 months (IQR 3.2–10.1). Arrhythmia recurrence was 48% AF, 36% AT/AFL and 16% both. Persistent AF at index ablation was associated with repeat procedure (p = 0.03). In 48 patients, PVs were durably isolated in 38%. Most common reconnection was RSPV (44%; 21/48), LSPV (40%; 19/48), RIPV (25%; 12/48) then LIPV (21%; 10/48). Superior PVs were more commonly reconnected than inferior PVs (p = 0.005). PW reconnection occurred in 70% (16/23). Meta-analysis of 6 further studies (n = 708) showed repeat procedure rate of 8.8% (95%CI 0.05–0.11). PVs were reconnected in 57% (95%CI 0.48–0.65) and PW reconnected in 55% (95%CI 0.39–0.71). CONCLUSIONS: These real world data and meta-analysis show limited PV and PW durability in patients with arrhythmic recurrence undergoing repeat procedure after PFA for AF. Additional procedural strategies are needed to enhance lesion durability from PFA.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5f61af773f64", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Older Patients: An Observational Study at a Large Tertiary Centre in Australia", "authors": "Ha et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Arrhythm", "doi": "10.1002/joa3.70336", "pmid": "41948226", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Older patients have been under-represented in clinical trials of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The safety of pulsed field ablation (PFA) in this cohort is not known. Methods: We conducted an observational study of consecutive patients undergoing PFA with a pentaspline catheter (Farapulse, Boston Scientific) for AF at a tertiary centre comparing procedural and clinical outcomes in patients aged ≥ 75 years (older cohort) versus < 75 years (younger cohort). Baseline demographics, procedural characteristics, complications, and clinical outcomes were collected. Arrhythmia recurrence was defined as AF, atrial flutter, or atrial tachycardia > 30 s at any follow-up. Results: 564 consecutive patients underwent de novo PFA for AF between 2022 and 2025; 65 patients were aged ≥ 75 years (11.5%) (median age 77 years; younger cohort median age 62 years). The older cohort had a higher incidence of hypertension, vascular disease, lower eGFR, and lower body mass index ( p < 0.01 for all). There was no difference in lesion set or procedural time. There was no difference in overall major procedural complications (1.5%-1.6%; p = 0.97); however, older patients had more major vascular complications (3.1% vs. 0.2%; p = 0.003), pulmonary oedema (3.1% vs. 0.4%; p = 0.02), and transient renal impairment when assessed ( p = 0.007). At median follow-up 6.3-7.0 months, there was no difference in freedom from arrhythmia recurrence between the older and younger cohorts (69.8% and 73.2%; p = 0.66). Conclusion: Pulsed field ablation for AF can be performed in older patients with acceptable procedural safety and clinical outcomes. Clinical trials are needed to further determine the safety and efficacy of PFA in older patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-871c470f62b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Mechanisms and Time Course of Cell Death in Pulsed Field Ablation", "authors": "Herranz et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9427402/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is increasingly used for atrial fibrillation, but the mechanisms of PFA-induced cell death remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to elucidate the early mechanisms and temporal dynamics of cell death induced by PFA as acute indicators of ablation effectiveness in pre-clinical models. Epicardial left ventricular ablations were performed using the AblaView® System, with lesions created at predefined locations. Hearts were harvested for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis at 10, 40, and 100 minutes, as well as at 1-month post-ablation, while a separate survival cohort was also examined at 1 month. Structural damage and lesion borders were assessed using routine histology and desmin staining, and regulated cell death pathways, inflammation, and metabolic stress were evaluated via immunohistochemistry. PFA produced lesions with comparable biophysical parameters across all time points. Within minutes, structural markers revealed loss of cardiomyocyte striation, increased intercellular spacing, and disappearance of myocardial anisotropy. RIPK3 and Gasdermin increased significantly over time (both p=0.01), indicating activation of necroptotic and pyroptotic pathways, while caspase-8 showed transient elevation consistent with extrinsic apoptotic signaling. Myeloperoxidase staining increased over time (p<0.05), reflecting neutrophil-driven inflammation, and GLUT1 inhibition at 100 minutes suggested hypoxia and metabolic stress. At 1-month, ablated regions were replaced by fibrotic scar tissue. Overall, PFA induces multiple regulated cell death pathways—including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis—alongside inflammation and hypoxia-associated stress, ultimately leading to chronic scar formation; these acute markers may support the development of new tools to better characterize PFA lesions and assess ablation effectiveness.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "on baski", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e4f997980b47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Acute efficacy of pulsed-field ablation of the mitral isthmus using a pentaspline catheter and two different ablation settings", "authors": "Hornof et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.575", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background There is limited data regarding the use of pulsed-field ablation (PFA) for mitral isthmus (MI) ablation in patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Purpose To assess the acute efficacy of MI ablation using a pentaspline PFA catheter with two different ablation settings. Methods Patients with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-63385d8417fe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Feasibility and safety of pulsed-field ablation in atrial fibrillation patients with septal occluder devices: a multicenter case series", "authors": "Huegl et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.561", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Transseptal puncture (TSP) for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in patients with septal occluder devices (SODs) is technically challenging because of altered septal anatomy and limited residual interatrial septum. The feasibility of pulsed-field ablation (PFA) in this setting has not been systematically…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-38f4e324182b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Bioimpedance-assisted characterization of cardiac electroporation and anisotropic homogenization by pulsed field ablation", "authors": "Jacobs et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.64898/2026.03.18.712769", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Objective Pulsed field ablation (PFA) relies on irreversible electroporation to create nonthermal cardiac lesions, yet real-time indicators of electroporation progression and validated lethal electric field thresholds remain limited. This study aimed to develop a bioimpedance-based metric for real-time monitoring of cardiac electroporation, evaluate the impact of myocardial anisotropy under electroporation conditions, and derive waveform-specific lethal electric field thresholds. Introduction Current PFA procedures lack direct intraoperative feedback on lesion formation, and uncertainty remains regarding the role of myocardial fiber orientation in shaping electric field distributions. Because electroporation dynamically alters tissue electrical properties, monitoring these changes during treatment may improve prediction of ablation outcomes. Methods PFA was delivered to fresh ex vivo porcine ventricular tissue using clinically relevant and energy-matched waveforms with pulse widths from 1 to 100 µs. Inter-burst broadband electrical impedance spectroscopy was performed using a low-voltage diagnostic waveform to quantify burst-resolved impedance changes. Lesions were visualized using metabolic staining, then finite element models incorporating nonlinear electroporation-dependent conductivity were used to compare anisotropic and homogenized electric field distributions. Lethal electric field thresholds were estimated by fitting simulated contours to measured lesion areas and validated using uniform electric fields generated by a parallel electrode array. Results Across all waveforms, impedance measurements showed a rapid initial decrease followed by stabilization, indicating early electroporation saturation. Burst-to-burst percent change in impedance slope provided a consistent, waveform-agnostic metric of electroporation progression. Lesion morphology was not systematically influenced by fiber orientation, and modeling demonstrated that electroporation-induced conductivity increases homogenized tissue anisotropy. Lethal electric field thresholds increased with decreasing pulse width, ranging from 517 ± 46 V/cm (100 µs) to 1405 ± 55 V/cm (1 µs), and were validated under uniform field conditions. Conclusion Bioimpedance-assisted monitoring enables real-time assessment of cardiac electroporation, while electroporation-induced homogenization supports simplified modeling and standardized PFA treatment design.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cfefa2eb3be2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety of pulsed-field ablation combined with IVUS-guided pulmonary vein stenting during atrial fibrillation ablation: a case report", "authors": "Jadczyk et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Eur Heart J Case Rep", "doi": "10.1093/ehjcr/ytag542", "pmid": "42549340", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is an uncommon but serious complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Angioplasty with stent implantation is the standard treatment for severe PVS; however, restenosis and re-occlusion remain frequent challenges. Pulsed-field ablation (PFA), a novel non-thermal ablation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f22c5c2d7dff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Focal monopolar pulsed field ablation for focal right atrial tachycardia: feasibility and safety from a single-centre experience", "authors": "Keelani et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag129", "pmid": "42224421", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Catheter ablation is the most effective therapy in patients with atrial tachycardia.1 Right atrial tachycardia may be challenging because of proximity to the phrenic nerve and sinus node, limiting safety and efficacy. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has improved the safety of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.2,3 Large-footprint PFA catheters have been used in right atrial tachycardia but may result in unnecessarily extensive lesions.4 Focal catheters may enable targeted lesion delivery while minimizing injury to the phrenic nerve or sinus node. However, current evidence is limited to case reports and heterogeneous series,5–8 and systematic data focusing on procedural workflow and safety of focal monopolar PFA in right atrial tachycardia—particularly in proximity to the phrenic nerve and sinus node—remain limited. This study evaluates the feasibility and safety characteristics of focal PFA for this indication. In this retrospective study, we included consecutive patients who underwent catheter ablation for focal right atrial tachycardia using focal PFA at a single centre in Germany between November 2023 and November 2025. The study was approved by the local institutional review board. Arrhythmias were induced using programmed atrial stimulation or isoproterenol infusion. Mapping was performed using three-dimensional (3-D) electro-anatomical mapping (EnSite NavX, Abbott, St. Paul, MN), a decapolar coronary sinus (CS) catheter, a contact-force ablation catheter, and either a duodecapolar Halo catheter or a high-density grid catheter. Focal PFA was delivered via an irrigated contact-force ablation catheter (TactiCath™, Abbott, St. Paul, MN) using the CENTAURI™ generator (CardioFocus, Marlborough, MA) that delivered monopolar, biphasic high-voltage pulse trains. The 25-Ampere (A) setting was used for standard energy delivery, consisting of 10 pulsed electric field trains with three packets per delivery. In regions demonstrating phrenic nerve capture, a reduced 22-A setting was applied, consisting of seven pulsed electric field trains with three packets per delivery. The sinus node region was delineated using 3-D electro-anatomical mapping when the tachycardia originated nearby, the phrenic nerve course was identified by high-output pacing. A total of 15 consecutive patients were included (mean age 59 ± 12 years; 44% female). Structural heart disease was absent in all. Three patients had concomitant AF, and three had previously undergone radiofrequency ablation for right atrial tachycardia. During tachycardia, activation mapping identified the site of earliest atrial activation with a focal pattern, guiding targeted ablation at discrete right atrial sites. In 3/15 patients, left atrial mapping excluded a left-sided origin or confirmed pulmonary vein isolation (from previous ablation); in one patient, linear mitral isthmus ablation was performed using focal PFA with remapping and pacing manoeuvres confirming bidirectional block. Procedural endpoints included tachycardia termination and non-inducibility with isoproterenol infusion, followed by a 20–30 min waiting period. Individual procedural characteristics, ablation settings, complications, and follow-up outcomes are summarized in Table 1. The most frequent sites of origin were the crista terminalis (n = 5), the inferolateral right atrium (n = 4), and the tricuspid valve ring (n = 3). In one patient each, the arrhythmia originated from the CS ostium, the posterior septal right atrium, and the SVC. Additional isolation of the SVC using a circumferential point-by-point approach with the focal PFA catheter was successfully performed in two patients due to frequent premature atrial contractions and paroxysmal AF. Procedural characteristics, ablation settings, complications, and follow-up outcomes in patients undergoing focal pulsed field ablation for focal right atrial tachycardia The mean procedure duration was 172 ± 65 min. The median number of PFA applications was 10 (IQR 8–21). Eleven procedures were performed without fluoroscopy; in the remaining cases, mean fluoroscopy time was 5 ± 5 min. Phrenic nerve capture during high-output pacing was observed in 8/15 patients (53%), either at the earliest activation site or during SVC isolation, prompting reduced-energy applications in these regions. Acute procedural success was achieved in all, with no acute recurrence during the waiting period, including sites treated with reduced-energy. Periprocedural complications occurred in 4/15 patients. Transient sinus arrest occurred in two patients. In both cases, sinus node mapping had been performed, and ablation was delivered in proximity to the sinus node region. Sinus arrest with junctional escape rhythm lasted for a few minutes in both cases and resolved spontaneously during the procedure without the need for pacing or pharmacological support. Given the primarily non-thermal mechanism of PFA, this may reflect field spread with direct electrical effects on the sinus node, myocardial stunning, or autonomic modulation triggered by high-voltage pulse delivery. Transient phrenic nerve palsy occurred in one patient during additional SVC isolation at a site with phrenic capture and in one patient during focal ablation of the index tachycardia in proximity to the right phrenic nerve. Diaphragmatic function recovered before procedure completion, consistent with transient phrenic nerve stunning. In one patient, focal PFA at 25-A delivered without prophylactic nitroglycerine near the CS ostium resulted in acute coronary vasospasm with transient ST-segment changes, promptly resolving after intravenous nitroglycerine without haemodynamic compromise and hospitalization was two days. Follow-up information was available for all patients (24-h Holter monitoring: n = 11, device interrogation: n = 2, and telephone follow-up: n = 2). During a median follow-up of 7 (IQR 3–14) months, tachycardia recurred in 2/15 patients (13%). The remaining patients had no arrhythmia recurrence, although asymptomatic episodes may have been missed. No late deaths or serious adverse events were observed. Focal PFA has been increasingly applied in atrial arrhythmias. Prior reports have demonstrated feasibility in mixed atrial arrhythmias and complex atrial tachycardia populations. However, these studies predominantly involved left atrial and macro-re-entrant tachycardia and did not address focal right atrial tachycardia specifically.7,8 This early descriptive experience of focal PFA for focal right atrial tachycardia suggests feasibility. However, in this small cohort, the observed periprocedural complications are clinically relevant. All events were transient and resolved without permanent sequelae. However, their occurrence underscores the importance of careful application in anatomically sensitive regions. In this cohort, transient sinus arrest and coronary vasospasm occurred during focal ablation of the index tachycardia, whereas transient phrenic nerve palsy was observed during both focal ablation and more extensive lesion delivery for SVC isolation. On the other hand, despite phrenic capture in more than half of cases, focal PFA energy was delivered in regions where thermal ablation may be limited by concern for phrenic nerve injury. Future studies are warranted to further evaluate this approach. None declared. The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6b471c5f56c1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and Midterm Outcome of Focal Pulsed Field Ablation for Outflow Tract Premature Ventricular Contractions: A Prospective Multicenter Study", "authors": "Keelani et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "JACC Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jacep.2026.03.032", "pmid": "42101393", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) may overcome key limitations of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) when treating premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in anatomically complex regions (eg, left ventricular summit or intramural outflow tract [OT]). However, the safety and efficacy of PFA in OT PVCs remain to be determined. Objectives: This study sought to assess the feasibility, safety, and midterm clinical outcomes of focal PFA for outflow tract PVCs. Methods: In this prospective multicenter study, 80 patients with symptomatic OT PVCs underwent focal monopolar PFA using the CENTAURI generator at 4 European centers. Acute procedural outcome, complications, and mid-term efficacy were assessed. Follow-up at 3 and 6 months included 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram and clinical evaluation. Success was defined as >80% reduction in daily PVC burden off antiarrhythmic drugs. Results: PVCs originated from the right ventricular OT (RVOT) in 61% of cases, with the remainder from the left ventricular OT (LVOT) and left ventricular summit. Acute procedural success was achieved in all. At a median follow-up of 8 months, clinical success was achieved in 88%, and PVC burden was significantly reduced from 21.4% (Q1-Q3: 11.9%-30.0%) before the procedure to 0.0% (Q1-Q3: 0.0%-2%) (P < 0.001) at follow-up. Success rates of ablation at the RVOT, endocardial LVOT, and left ventricular summit were 94%, 89%, and 72%, respectively. Among patients with prior failed RFA, 14 (93%) of 15 experienced no recurrence. One major (ischemic stroke; 1%) and 7 minor (9%) complications occurred. Nitroglycerin was given in 68 (85%) of 80 procedures. During ablation in the great cardiac vein/anterior interventricular vein, coronary vasospasm occurred in 2 (17%) of 12 patients, which resolved with additional nitroglycerin administration. Right bundle branch block occurred during RVOT ablation in 2 patients (1 transient, 1 permanent). Conclusions: Focal PFA provides high acute success and acceptable mid-term efficacy for OT PVCs, with outcomes comparable to contemporary RFA for RVOT and endocardial LVOT sites. Efficacy was lower for left ventricular summit and intramural substrates. Repeat procedures after failed RFA showed particularly favorable results. Coronary vasospasm occurred when PFA was delivered within the great cardiac vein/anterior interventricular vein, suggesting that venous PFA should be considered only after endocardial and alternative mapping/ablation strategies have been exhausted.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f2318dc4f312", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation vs. thermal ablation for pulmonary vein isolation: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Latini et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag112", "pmid": "42116662", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Aims Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has recently emerged as a promising alternative to conventional energy sources (ES) for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. However, comparative data between PFA and other ES-such as radiofrequency (RFA), cryoballoon (CBA), and laser balloon ablation (LBA)-remain limited.This network…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-10c356f852ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Comparison of the Anesthetic Efficacy of Oliceridine and Sufentanil for General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Study", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9755424/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background Patients undergoing pulsed field ablation (PFA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) often have comorbid cardiovascular diseases and are highly sensitive to circulatory depression during anesthesia induction. This study aimed to compare the hemodynamic stability and postoperative recovery outcomes between oliceridine, a novel G protein-biased µ-opioid receptor agonist, and the traditional opioid sufentanil for general anesthesia in AF PFA surgery. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 190 patients undergoing elective AF PFA surgery under general anesthesia at our center between January 2025 and March 2026. Patients were divided into the oliceridine group (104 patients, received 0.03 mg/kg oliceridine) and the sufentanil group (86 patients, received 0.2 µg/kg sufentanil) based on the induction agent used. 1:1 nearest neighbor propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline confounding factors, including 11 covariates such as age, gender, BMI, ASA classification, and comorbidities, with a caliper value of 0.1. After matching, 71 patients were included in each group for analysis. The primary endpoint was mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 5 minutes after induction. Secondary endpoints included perioperative hemodynamics, postoperative recovery indicators, analgesic efficacy, and the incidence of adverse events. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons, with P < 0.017 considered statistically significant. Results After matching, baseline characteristics were well balanced between the two groups, with all covariates showing P > 0.05 and standardized mean differences (SMD) < 0.12. The oliceridine group had significantly higher MAP and heart rate at 1, 3, and 5 minutes after induction compared with the sufentanil group (all P < 0.017), with smaller hemodynamic fluctuations during induction. Compared with the sufentanil group, the oliceridine group had a 6.3% shorter time to spontaneous eye opening (4.5 ± 0.8 min vs 4.8 ± 0.9 min, P = 0.034) and an 8.9% shorter time to discharge from the catheterization laboratory (22.6 ± 4.1 min vs 24.8 ± 4.5 min, P = 0.003). The incidence of major perioperative adverse events was significantly lower in the oliceridine group (40.8% vs 66.2%, P = 0.018), with significantly reduced usage of vasoactive agents such as phenylephrine and atropine (all P < 0.05). Postoperative analgesic efficacy was comparable between the two groups at all time points. The oliceridine group also showed significantly smaller increases in postoperative ALT and AST levels (all P < 0.05), with no significant differences in Scr and BUN changes. Conclusions For general anesthesia in AF PFA surgery, oliceridine provides equivalent postoperative analgesic efficacy to sufentanil, while maintaining more stable perioperative hemodynamics, accelerating postoperative recovery, reducing anesthesia-related adverse events, and exerting a smaller impact on liver function. It represents a safer induction agent option for patients undergoing AF PFA surgery.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c2a3b5f86ea6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation for Ventricular Arrhythmias A Systematic Review and Single‐Arm Meta‐Analysis", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70232", "pmid": "41914897", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is an emerging nonthermal ablation modality that can penetrate scar tissue more deeply. However, the evidence supporting its application in ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) is limited. This study summarizes relevant research and aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PFA in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1a30dc1640de", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and efficacy of the pulsed field ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation a meta-analysis", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "BMC Cardiovasc Disord", "doi": "10.1186/s12872-026-05868-9", "pmid": "42121033", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an innovative non-thermal approach with significant promise for treating atrial fibrillation (AF). However, comparative data between PFA and thermal ablation (TA, including cryoballoon ablation [CBA] and radiofrequency ablation [RFA]) for persistent AF (PerAF) remain limited. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to include all relevant studies that compared PFA with TA. Results: Six trials involving 1610 patients were included in the study. Pooled analyses revealed that PFA exerted significant advantages over TA, characterized by lower recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATAs) (risk ratio [RR]: 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70 to 0.97; P = 0.02), especially for AF recurrence (RR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.95; P = 0.015). Furthermore, PFA significantly reduced procedural time (standard mean difference [SMD]: -1.25; 95% CI: -1.87 to - 0.64; P < 0.00001) and left atrial dwell (LAD) time (SMD: -14.21; 95% CI: -27.60 to - 0.82; P = 0.04). No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding fluoroscopy time and complications. Conclusion: PFA is effective and safe for PerAF treatment, featuring shorter procedure time, LAD time and lower ATAs recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5e11fe7027d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy and safety of a novel pulsed field ablation system in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02284-z", "pmid": "41817907", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is an emerging innovative technology for treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), featured by its superior speed, accuracy, and reduced risk to adjacent tissues. The NOVA-AF study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel PFA system equipped with two PFA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-16007b010e0c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation for premature ventricular contractions: a systematic review and meta- analysis of safety, acute and mid-term outcomes", "authors": "Makdah et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.235", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a non-thermal ablation technology capable of producing myocardial lesions while minimizing collateral tissue injury. Although extensively studied in atrial fibrillation, evidence regarding its role in ventricular arrhythmias - particularly premature ventricular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-896daf03df9b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation for superior vena cava isolation during atrial fibrillation ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of acute success and complications", "authors": "Makdah et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.484", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background/Introduction The superior vena cava (SVC) has been identified as a non-pulmonary vein trigger in atrial fibrillation (AF) and SVC isolation has been suggested for improvement of long-term outcomes. Thermal ablation techniques for SVC isolation have been limited by the risk of sinus node and phrenic nerve…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-03967711def0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and feasibility of pulsed field ablation in patients with a prior left atrial appendage closure device", "authors": "Marino et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.595", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Experience on pulsed field ablation (PFA) in patients with a prior left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion device is limited. Purpose This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of PFA in patients with an implanted LAA occlusion device. Methods We analyzed 73 consecutive patients with a prior LAA…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "onceki_tedavi", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-13ce82d7edef", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy, safety, and procedural outcomes of pulsed field ablation for cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis", "authors": "Mehta et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02362-2", "pmid": "42213396", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) dependent atrial flutter (AFL) is conventionally managed using radiofrequency catheter ablation. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is an emerging non-thermal ablation technique using electroporation to create lesions across CTI. While it is well established for pulmonary vein…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a70e74c9c3a9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Following Pulsed-Field Ablation Versus Thermal Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: The PROMs-PFA Study", "authors": "Mills et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.70392", "pmid": "42262263", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) has transformed atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, but how the early patient experience compares with thermal techniques remains unclear. This study aimed to assess patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in the first 3 months after PFA or thermal AF ablation, using a novel smartphone-based application. Methods: Patients undergoing first-time pulmonary vein isolation prospectively completed the Cardiac Ablation Recovery Evaluation (CARE) symptom questionnaire at five timepoints: baseline, day 1, day 7, day 30, and day 90. Symptoms were rated on a 7-point Likert scale (0 = not at all; 6 = extremely). Patients also completed the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy-of-life (AFEQT) questionnaire at baseline and day 90. Results: Two hundred and two patients were included (pentaspline PFA: 66; radiofrequency: 64; cryoballoon: 72), with similar baseline demographics between groups, except for a lower prevalence of paroxysmal AF in the PFA group. Engagement with the smartphone-based platform was high, with a 94.7% completion rate. Median AFEQT scores improved from 64 (47-82) at baseline to 86 (72-95) at day 90 (p < 0.001), with no significant differences between modalities (p = 0.841). However, CARE detected differences in early symptom experience: chest pain was lowest with PFA at day 1 (median: PFA, 1 [0-2]; radiofrequency, 2 [1-2]; cryoballoon, 2 [1-2]; p < 0.001), and remained lower than cryoballoon at day 7 (p = 0.019), with differences resolving by day 30. Moderate-to-severe chest pain (score ≥ 3) occurred in only 12.3% of PFA patients at day 1, compared with 21.2% cryoballoon and 26.2% radiofrequency patients (p < 0.001). Palpitations at day 1 were less frequent with PFA than radiofrequency (p = 0.040). Groin discomfort was lower with radiofrequency than PFA or cryoballoon at day 1 (p = 0.006) and day 7 (p < 0.001), likely reflecting a smaller sheath size. Conclusions: PFA was associated with a modest and transient reduction in early post-procedural chest pain compared with thermal ablation. Smartphone application-based PROMs collection using the CARE questionnaire was feasible, enabling structured assessment of symptom burden across multiple recovery timepoints.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-893d2762c282", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Novel mapping-integrated pulsed-field ablation technology for pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation: learning curve, efficiency, and safety", "authors": "Mitacchione et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.500", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Real-world evidence assessing the learning curve and procedural efficiency of the pentaspline pulsed-field ablation (PFA) system with novel mapping-integrated capabilities remains limited. Purpose To evaluate the learning curve associated with mapping-integrated PFA technology and to assess its impact on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d30996215a0d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Pulsed Field Ablation During Repeat Procedures for Treatment of Recurrent Atrial Arrhythmias After Pulmonary Vein Isolation", "authors": "Miyama et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.70458", "pmid": "42489295", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Little is known about the efficacy and safety of pulsed field ablation (PFA) for repeat ablation procedures for patients with recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of PFA using a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d50624030edc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy and safety of pulsed field ablation versus conventional thermal techniques for patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", "authors": "Mojica et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "BMC Cardiovasc Disord", "doi": "10.1186/s12872-026-05621-2", "pmid": "41714974", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and a leading cause of stroke. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) emerges as a novel, non-thermal energy source offering myocardial-selective ablation with a potentially improved safety and efficacy profile. OBJECTIVES: To compare the safety and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-06fe4ce2dcab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and Feasibility of Pulsed Field Ablation With a Pentaspline Catheter in Patients With Extravascular ICD", "authors": "Onuki et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70312", "pmid": "42219904", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) in patients with an implanted extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (EV-ICD) poses theoretical risks of electromagnetic interference or lead displacement. We report two cases of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation using the FARAPULSE pentaspline catheter after EV-ICD…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f6173c0c965d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy, Safety, and Procedural Outcomes of Pulsed-Field Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Oudih et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70375", "pmid": "42501234", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a novel, nonthermal modality for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) that may reduce procedural complications compared with conventional thermal ablation methods. Methods and results: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies comparing PFA with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c270ffc0ba0b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly ≥75 Years Old: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Pajareya et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70195", "pmid": "41784048", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulse field ablation (PFA) is an emerging catheter ablation strategy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Nonetheless, the safety and efficacy of PFA in elderly patients remains scarce. Hence, this study is to provide a comprehensive review of PFA utilization in the elderly. Methods: A systematic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c03e72609ec0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Reversible pulsed-field mapping feasibility of clinical applications beyond atrial flutter", "authors": "Pannone et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.051", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Reversible electroporation (PFREV) has recently been described as a useful tool for mapping macroreentrant atrial tachycardias, allowing identification of the critical isthmus before delivering definitive lesions. Purpose This study aimed to expand the clinical application of PFREV mapping to other…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4a61a8213e91", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation: from technological breakthrough to structured clinical implementation-the role of the European Heart Rhythm Association", "authors": "Pürerfellner", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag074", "pmid": "41968952", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has rapidly evolved from an experimental electroporation-based concept to a widely adopted modality in cardiac electrophysiology, marking one of the fastest clinical integrations of a novel technology in the field. Its non-thermal mechanism, based on irreversible electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ba188f247d36", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy and safety of pulsed-field ablation in atrial fibrillation patients with high versus low comorbidity burden: a multicenter analysis", "authors": "Roth et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.623", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Early rhythm control enhances cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and significant comorbidities. However, most evidence stems from antiarrhythmic drug-based strategies, while data on catheter ablation—especially pulsed-field ablation (PFA)—in this high-risk population remain…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d0f86891b317", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Endoluminal Catheter Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease", "authors": "Salameh et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-026-04044-6", "pmid": "41764118", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Atherosclerotic vascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current treatments such as angioplasty, stenting, and atherectomy are invasive and limited by restenosis, thrombosis, and incomplete long-term efficacy. Pulsed field ablation (PFA), a nonthermal electroporation-based modality, has demonstrated safety in other cardiovascular applications, but it has not been applied for the treatment of endoluminal vascular diseases. We investigated whether pulsed electric fields could be delivered within the coronary artery and if PFA could selectively ablate the cellular components of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: An endoluminal bipolar PFA probe was fabricated using a balloon catheter with flexible electrodes and evaluated in potato and ex vivo porcine hearts. The electrical conductivities of human atherosclerotic plaques were derived from previous impedance measurements for patient-specific multi-tissue and single-cell electroporation modeling. PFA was then evaluated for selective decellularization within an electrical conductivity-matched 3D fibrotic atherosclerosis tissue mimic using high concentrations of human macrophages and aggregated oxidized low-density lipoproteins, encapsulated within a collagen matrix. Results: Endoluminal probe positioning and high-voltage pulsed electric field delivery feasibility was established within the porcine left coronary arteries, with susequent potato lesions experiments demonstrating maximum ablations (6.99 cm 2 ) and current (13 A) with equal treatment parameters. The multi-tissue model then indicated that endoluminal PFA can effectively cover > 95% of severe and thick plaques with irreversible electroporation, with single-cell modeling supporting the electroporation of foam cells within the plaque. The 3D atherosclerosis mimic validated the ability of PFA to completely ablate the foam cells with fibrotic tissue at > 1000 V/cm. Conclusions: This study provides practical demonstration of PFA for the treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease. By combining experimental validation with computational modeling, we establish proof-of-concept that endoluminal PFA can selectively ablate diseased cells while preserving extracellular architecture, laying the groundwork for future translational development of this therapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-5d6901180c", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:salameh", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.1101/" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7f361ba34946", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "First multicenter Japanese registry on tissue proximity-guided pulsed field ablation: Procedural safety and mid-term outcomes", "authors": "Sawada et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Heart Rhythm O2", "doi": "10.1016/j.hroo.2025.11.014", "pmid": "41732239", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) with myocardial selectivity and safety. The VARIPULSE catheter (variable-loop circular catheter [VLCC]; Biosense Webster, Inc.) was recently introduced in Japan, but multicenter real-world data remain scarce. Objective: This study…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-595192f8479d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Fluoroscopy-Free Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review of Procedural Feasibility and Safety", "authors": "Sawalha et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/pace.70273", "pmid": "42059321", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Fluoroscopy reduction has become a priority in electrophysiology to mitigate radiation exposure and the musculoskeletal burden of lead apron use. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) offers a favorable safety profile and efficient pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), making it an attractive platform for fluoroscopy-free…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-efcfd7e387aa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: insight from the ATHENA registrys", "authors": "Schiavone et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag049", "pmid": "41910215", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Aims Data on pulsed-field ablation (PFA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart failure (HF) are limited. To evaluate clinical outcomes of PFA in patients with AF and HF, stratified by HF subtype. Methods and results Consecutive patients undergoing first-time pentaspline PFA within the ATHENA registry…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-46d544d3f2cc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Enhancing cardiac ablation efficacy with electroporation-assisted intracellular delivery of the ribosome-inactivating protein gelonin", "authors": "Sowa et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109362", "pmid": "42314369", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Achieving complete cardiac ablation requires higher electric fields, increasing the risk of vasospasm or collateral injury. A potential strategy to enhance ablation efficacy without raising field strength is selective pharmacological targeting of reversibly electroporated cells. Gelonin, a type I ribosome-inactivating protein, inhibits protein synthesis once inside the cytosol but cannot cross intact plasma membranes. We investigated whether transient membrane permeabilization during PEF exposure allows intracellular gelonin delivery to enhance cardiomyocyte ablation. Gelonin cytotoxicity was assessed via long-term live-cell imaging. Cardiomyocyte monolayers were exposed to μsPEF (20 × 100 μs pulses at 1 Hz) or nsPEF (200 × 300 ns pulses at 10 Hz) in 0-150 nM gelonin using contact electrodes positioned by an automated system. Cell death was quantified by propidium iodide uptake, caspase-3/7 activity monitored apoptosis. Gelonin alone was non-toxic. Simulations showed adsorption without membrane penetration. Under μsPEF, gelonin reduced LD₅₀ from 0.9 to 0.6 kV/cm (p < 0.0001), corresponding to a 33% reduction in the electric field strength required to induce 50% cell death. In contrast, LD₅₀ of nsPEF protocol was not significantly affected by gelonin (p = 0.13). Gelonin selectively enhances μsPEF-mediated cardiomyocyte death, representing a strategy to improve ablation efficacy while limiting reversible electroporation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f73f14906e3a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Evaluating lesion durability following pulsed field ablation: one-year insights from the FARADISE registry", "authors": "Szeplaki et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.636", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Introduction Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a leading catheter ablation modality for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), producing durable lesions in the myocardium. Long-term outcomes for PFA patients are promising; however, a small subset of patients will undergo a repeat procedure. Although…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-78874b96fdfb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and performance of the novel balloon-in-basket pulsed field ablation system: initial 100-patient experience at a high-volume electrophysiology center", "authors": "Tilz et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02357-z", "pmid": "42234368", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: The balloon-in-basket(BiB) pulsed field ablation(PFA) system integrates real-time electroanatomic mapping and contact sensing to streamline workflows, but clinical experience remain limited. The aim was to descriptively evaluate procedural performance, acute safety, and feasibility of the BiB-PFA-system in consecutive atrial fibrillation(AF) patients treated at a high-volume electrophysiology center. Methods: This prospective study included the first 100 consecutive patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation(PVI) with the BiB-PFA-system between 01/2024 and 10/2025. The initial 30 patients were part of VOLT TM -CE-Mark-study and 25 of VOLT TM -CE-Mark-extended-study. It included a 20-minute waiting periode, pre-/postablation left-atrial mapping and phrenic nerve pacing; subsequent procedures relied solely on BiB-PFA-system. Additional linear or extra-pulmonary ablations were performed at operator discretion. Follow-up(≥ 6 months) as per institutional standart was available in 52 patients. Results: Patients were 68[62;76] years old, 41% were female, and 47% had paroxysmal AF. Median procedure duration was 59[48.0;71.0] and BiB-dwell time 26.0[21.0; 37.5] min. For VOLT™-CE-Mark-study patients, procedure and BiB-dwell times were 72.5[67.3;85.0] and 25.0[21.0;28.2] min, compared with 48.5[36.5;59.0] and 23.5[18.3;36.3] min in non-study patients. All PVs were successfully isolated with 100% first-shot success using a median of 4 applications. Additional ablations included posterior wall(41%), anterior line(5%), CTI(3%), and SVC isolation(6%). One groin complication(1%) requirng intervention occured. Same-day discharge was conducted in 8%, limited primarily by institutional policy. Freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia was 86% at median follow-up of 293[184;364]days. Conclusion: The BiB-PFA system enabled PVI with consistent first-shot success and a low rate of periprocedural complications. Follow-up available in a subset of patients suggested favorable early rhythm outcomes. Take home message: • This study provides the first clinical experience with the BiB-PFA-system, characterizing procedural workflows and acute safety in routine practice • This study reports the first mid-term follow-up data for the BiB-PFA system, demonstrating an 86% freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia after a 60-day blanking period at a median follow-up of 293 [184-364] days. • The integrated mapping-and-ablation design enabled efficient PVI with consistent first-shot success and short procedure times. • Ablation strategies beyond PVI-including posterior wall ablation, anterior line ablation, CTI ablation, and SVC isolation-were feasible and could be performed safely within the same workflow. • A low rate of periprocedural complications was observed in this cohort, including one vascular complication requiring intervention, supporting a favorable acute safety profile in a high-volume electrophysiology center.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-532f70b7120b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and impact of pulsed field ablation on pulmonary vein stenosis after prior thermal ablation", "authors": "Tokutake et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.131", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Pulsed field ablation (PFA) selectively targets myocardial tissue while minimizing injury to surrounding structures. Although its safety and efficacy for pulmonary vein (PV) isolation have been previously reported, the feasibility of performing PFA in PVs with pre-existing stenosis after prior thermal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "onceki_tedavi", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d850ede6e77e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Platform-Specific Safety of Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation A MAUDE Analysis", "authors": "Ullah et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.64898/2026.07.13.26358008", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background Three pulsed-field ablation (PFA) systems are FDA-approved for atrial fibrillation (AF), yet whether their safety profiles differ from each other and from radiofrequency (RF) ablation has not been systematically characterized using real-world adverse event data. We compared platform-specific complication…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-30d0de4446e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "THERMAL PROFILES OF PULSED FIELD ABLATION CATHETERS", "authors": "Valappil et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Heart Rhythm", "doi": "10.1016/j.hrthm.2026.07.046", "pmid": "42551689", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) induces cell death predominantly through irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal mechanism. However, Joule heating during PFA delivery may result in clinically relevant temperature rises. Objectives: To characterize the thermal profiles, peak surface temperatures, and ablation lesions produced by six proprietary PFA catheters using an ex vivo vegetal model. Methods: The thermal profile of six PFA catheters - Farawave, PulseSelect, Volt, Varipulse, Electropulse, and Sphere-9 - were evaluated in Solanum Tuberosum at recommended energy settings. Thermal imaging was performed using a high-resolution infrared camera. Standard PFA applications were delivered in five independent runs for each catheter. Post-ablation, specimens were stained with 0.5% triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to delineate IRE and reversible electroporation (RE). Results: All systems demonstrated reproducible and distinct thermal signatures. Mean peak temperature rises were: Varipulse low irrigation flow (4 mL/min), 15.1±1 °C; Farawave basket, 13.6±0.6 °C; Farawave flower, 9.7±0.4 °C; Varipulse high irrigation flow (30 mL/min), 8.5±0.5 °C; PulseSelect, 4.1±0.6 °C; Electropulse, 2.7±0.7 °C; Sphere-9, 2.1±1.2 °C; and Volt, 1.3±0.2 °C (Kruskal-Wallis p<0.0001). PFA catheters demonstrated either localized or distributed thermal hotspot patterns. Localized hotspot catheters confined heating within 1 mm of electrode margin, whereas distributed hotspot catheters exhibited additional peripheral hotspots beyond 5 mm, as observed with Farawave catheter. All catheters produced well-demarcated TTC-unstained IRE lesions surrounded by a rim of TTC-stained RE tissue. Conclusions: PFA systems exhibit distinct thermal signatures and can be categorized as low (0-6 °C), moderate (6-12 °C), or high (12-18 °C) heating profile catheters.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1b65699c8f90", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed‐Field Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis", "authors": "Villarreal et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.70384", "pmid": "42227583", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background and aims: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a non-thermal alternative for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), offering shorter procedural times and a favorable safety profile for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. However, large-scale data evaluating its efficacy in patients with persistent AF remain…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5325448380f7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed Field Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Meta-Analysis of Pulmonary Vein Isolation with or without Posterior Wall Isolation", "authors": "Wan et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-8668217/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA)-guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has limited efficacy in treating persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and requires additional substrate modification, but the efficacy of PVI combined with left atrial posterior wall isolation (PWI) under PFA remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of PFA-based PVI alone versus PVI+PWI in such patients. A systematic literature search was conducted up to September 12, 2025, with key endpoints of atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence and procedural complications analyzed via a random-effects model. Thirteen studies (7 single-arm, 6 cohort) encompassing 1983 patients from diverse clinical centers were included. Cohort study analysis showed no significant recurrence reduction with PVI+PWI (RR=1.10, 95%CI 0.78-1.57, P =0.59, I² =41%). The pooled recurrence rate of PVI+PWI across all studies was 28% (19%-37%, I² =87%), with comparable complication risks (RR=1.37, 95%CI 0.71-2.63, P =0.35, I² =0%). PVI+PWI required more 3D electroanatomic mapping (RR=1.47, P =0.03, I² =95%) and prolonged procedure time by 16.22 min (95%CI 0.35-32.08, P =0.05, I² =88%). Conclusion : PVI+PWI provides no significant efficacy benefit over PVI alone in PFA for persistent AF. It prolongs procedure duration and does not increase complication risk.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-eb46529ef5", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:wan", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-28b59ba65548" }, { "id": "ref-28b59ba65548", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pulsed field ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: meta-analysis of pulmonary vein isolation with or without posterior wall isolation", "authors": "Wan et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-50715-8", "pmid": "42056302", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Pulsed field ablation (PFA)-guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has limited efficacy in treating persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and requires additional substrate modification, but the efficacy of PVI combined with left atrial posterior wall isolation (PWI) under PFA remains controversial. This systematic review…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-eb46529ef5", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:wan", "yil-farki:0", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true, "versionOf": "ref-28b59ba65548" }, { "id": "ref-4c77abcea77f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and Feasibility of a Balloon-based Pulsed Field Ablation System for Catheter Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-9302807/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Aims Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a growing ablation modality for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. This study assesses the 6-month safety and effectiveness of a balloon-based PFA system. Methods and results The study is a prospective, single-center, pre-market study. A total of 56 patients with drug-refractory paroxysmal (PAF) were enrolled between November 2024 to September 2025, which underwent PVI with the balloon-based PFA system. Study endpoints were the rate of primary serious adverse events as well as acute procedural effectiveness and 6-month freedom from recurrence. Acute effectiveness was achieved in 100% (231/231) of treated PVs (100% of patients, 56/56) with 33 ± 5.5 PFA applications/ patient. Procedure, fluoroscopy, and transpired ablation times were 89.0 ± 30.7, 24.2 ± 8.3, and 20.0 ± 12.0 min, respectively. There was 1 (1.8%; 1/56) primary serious adverse events. One patient developed intraoperative gastrointestinal bleeding due to TEE-induced mechanical injury. The rate of freedom from documented atrial arrhythmias was 92.9% through 6-months post-index procedure. Conclusion The study primary results demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of the balloon-based PFA system to perform PVI in PAF.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-97e15760765e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Early Safety Profile Using Pulsed Field Ablation: Prospective Multicenter DISRUPT-AF Study", "authors": "Wong et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "JACC Clin Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jacep.2026.04.032", "pmid": "42360264", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Pentaspline pulsed field ablation (PFA) is an emerging technology delivering ultra-short bursts of ablative high electrical field energy. There are limited studies on atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation safety using PFA in real-world experience in the United States. Objectives: The study sought to evaluate safety in patients who underwent AF ablation with a pentaspline PFA catheter in a multicenter registry. Methods: Patients from the prospective, multicenter, nonrandomized, rigorously monitored, real-world DISRUPT-AF (A registry Based Collaborative To Measure Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Safety of Farapulse PFA Technology for AF) registry (NCT06335082), who underwent first-time AF ablation via PFA using the pentaspline catheter, from April 2024 to May 2025, across 20 centers in the United States, encompassing 77 operators, were included. Baseline characteristics and acute procedural safety outcomes were collected at 1- and 3-month follow-up based on the investigator's arm: acute, symptomatic monitoring only, or full monitoring. The primary safety outcome comprised procedure/device-related adverse events (AEs) after 1 and 3 months. Risk-adjusted analyses were conducted to assess AE predictors. Results: A total of 1,576 patients were included: the mean age was 68.0 ± 11.4 years, 38.6% were female, and mean body mass index was 31.5 ± 7.0 kg/m 2 . At 3-month follow-up, AEs occurred in 2.2% of patients, with 1.6% classified as procedure/device related. The most common AEs were vascular access complications (pseudoaneurysm, 0.4%; hematoma, 0.3%), pericarditis (0.2%), and other nonspecific events (eg, hypotension 0.4%). Major procedure/device-related AEs occurred in 0.7% of patients and included stroke (0.3%), cardiac tamponade (0.1%), vascular injury requiring intervention (0.1%), and bleeding (0.1%). There were no cases of esophageal injury, persistent phrenic nerve injury, or pulmonary vein stenosis. There was 1 (0.06%) case reported as coronary vasospasm, and acute kidney injury was not observed. The 3-month all-cause mortality rate was 0.3%. In exploratory multivariable analyses, no associations were detected between clinical covariates and procedure/device-related AEs. Conclusions: In this multicenter, prospective U.S. registry, PFA demonstrated a low rate of procedure/device-related AEs. The absence of injury to the esophagus, phrenic nerve, and pulmonary veins highlights a tissue-selective profile that may represent a meaningful safety advantage over traditional thermal ablation, pending further direct comparisons.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9e2cc75faf95", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Standardised superior vena cava isolation with a balloon-in-basket pulsed-field ablation catheter: feasibility and acute safety of two procedural workflows in 53 consecutive patients", "authors": "Wójcik et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02409-4", "pmid": "42554910", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is established for pulmonary vein isolation, but data on superior vena cava (SVC) isolation are limited. We assessed the feasibility and acute safety of SVC isolation with the Volt™ balloon-in-basket PFA catheter using two sequentially applied standardised workflows. Methods…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-61f7b7b95d7c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Safety and feasibility of focal-bipolar pulsed field ablation for therapy of cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter", "authors": "Zarebski et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Europace", "doi": "10.1093/europace/euag105.961", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation is the cornerstone of catheter ablation for typical atrial flutter (AFL). Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an alternative therapy for AFL. However, ablation with currently available PFA systems at the CTI carries a notable risk of coronary artery spasm…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "EHRA kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5b314184df7a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Impact of catheter design on lesion dimensions during focal-bipolar pulsed field ablation: an in vitro potato model study", "authors": "Zarębski et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Interv Card Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1007/s10840-026-02345-3", "pmid": "42101804", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel technique for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the impact of electrode type on lesion formation at fixed PFA parameters remains unknown. This study investigated differences in lesion characteristics when using a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0e30e9dee98c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Kardiyak Pulsed-Field Ablasyon", "applicationSlug": "kardiyak-pfa", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Comparison of Two Pulsed Field Ablation Systems for Atrial Fibrillation: One-Year Outcomes From a Multicenter Registry", "authors": "van der Graaf et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol", "doi": "10.1111/jce.70375", "pmid": "42188995", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: While various pulsed field ablation (PFA) systems for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation have become available in recent years, data comparing long-term efficacy outcomes remain limited. Purpose: To compare long-term efficacy outcomes of two commercially available PFA systems to perform pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for AF in a multicenter clinical setting. Methods: We conducted an international, multicenter, registry study of patients with AF undergoing a first ablation between January 29, 2024, and September 1, 2024. Patients were treated with either the pentaspline catheter or the circular over-the-wire catheter in all centers. Endpoints included time to recurrence of atrial arrhythmias following a 2-month blanking period and repeat ablation outcomes. Factors associated with recurrence were assessed. Results: A total of 428 patients were included, of whom 231 (54.0%) were treated with the pentaspline catheter. Most patients (84.6%) underwent a PVI-only procedure, with significantly longer procedure and LA dwell times observed in the circular catheter group (p < 0.001). Acute procedural success was achieved in all patients. At 12 months, AF-recurrence was observed in 33.5% of patients overall, with similar rates between groups (pentaspline catheter 34.1% vs. circular catheter 32.8% [log-rank p = 0.93]). A longer time since AF diagnosis and persistent AF were associated with recurrence of AF. Repeat ablation was performed in 14.9% of patients. Conclusion: In this study, we compared two commercially available PFA systems for primary PVI in AF patients. Both achieved high acute success and similar 12-month AF recurrence rates, indicating comparable efficacy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "pfa", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-69b75099980e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Successful Treatment of a Large Soft Tissue Sarcoma With Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1200/JCO.2010.33.0902", "pmid": "21321291", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising technique for the focal treatment of pathologic tissues that involves placing minimally invasive electrodes within the targeted region. A series of short, intense electric pulses are then applied to destabilize the cell membrane, presumably by creating nanopores,¹…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b78e0f55e3f3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Immunologic Response to Tumor Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0048749", "pmid": "23139816", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising technique for the focal treatment of pathologic tissues, which involves placing minimally invasive electrodes within the targeted region. However, the knowledge about the therapeutic efficacy and immune reactions in response to IRE remains in its infancy. Methods: In this work, to detect whether tumor ablation with IRE could trigger the immunologic response, we developed an osteosarcoma rat model and applied IRE directly to ablate the tumor. In the experiment, 118 SD rats were randomized into 4 groups: the control, sham operation, surgical resection, and IRE groups. Another 28 rats without tumor cell implantation served as the normal non-tumor-bearing group. We analyzed the changes in T lymphocyte subsets, sIL-2R and IL-10 levels in the peripheral blood one day before operation, as well as at 1, 3, 7,14 and 21 days after the operation. Moreover, splenocytes were assayed for IFN-γ and IL-4 production using intracellular cytokine staining one day before the operation, as well as at 7 and 21 days after operation. Results: We found that direct IRE completely ablated the tumor cells. A significant increase in peripheral lymphocytes, especially CD3(+) and CD4(+) cells, as well as an increased ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+) were detectable 7 days after operation in both the IRE and surgical resection groups. Compared with the surgical resection group, the IRE group exhibited a stronger cellular immune response. The sIL-2R level of the peripheral blood in the IRE group decreased with time and was significantly different from that in the surgical resection group. Moreover, ablation with IRE significantly increased the percentage of IFN-γ-positive splenocytes. Conclusion: These findings indicated that IRE could not only locally destroy the tumor but also change the status of cellular immunity in osteosarcoma-bearing rats. This provides experimental evidence for the clinical application of IRE in osteosarcoma treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a46c09daa97a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of unresectable soft tissue tumors with vascular invasion: effective palliation", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/1471-2407-14-540", "pmid": "25064086", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has recently been added as an additional therapeutic ablative option in patients with locally advanced cancers (LAC) involving vital structures. IRE delivers localized electric current by peri-tumoral discrete probes to attain irreversible changes in cell membrane leading to cell death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of IRE in the treatment of locally advanced tumors. Methods: A prospective IRB approved evaluation of 107 consecutive patients from 7 institutions with tumors that had vascular invasion treated with IRE from 5/2010 to 1/2012. LAC was defined as primary tumor with <5 mm from major vascular structure based on pre-operative dynamic imaging or intra-operative criteria. Results: IRE as utilized in LAC in the liver (N = 42, 40%) and pancreas (N = 37, 35%), with a median number of lesions being 2 with a mean target size of 3 cm. IRE attributable morbidity rate was 13.3% (total 29.3%) with high-grade complications seen in 4.19% (total 12.6%). No significant vascular complications were seen, and of the high-grade complications, bleeding (2), biliary complications (3) and DVT/PE (3) were the most common. Complications were more likely with pancreatic lesions (p = 0.0001) and open surgery (p = 0.001). Calculated local recurrence free survival (LRFS) was 12.7 months with a median follow up of 26 months censured at last follow up. The tumor target size was inversely associated with recurrence free survival (b = 0.81, 95% CI: 1.6 to 4.7, p value = 0.02) but this did not have a significant overall survival impact. Conclusions: IRE represents a novel therapeutic option in patients with LAC involving vital structures that are not amenable to surgical resection. Acceptable to high local disease control and the long LRFS can be achieved with this therapy in combination with other multi-disciplinary therapies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-08fa86e2d094", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "The Effect of Irreversible Electroporation on the Femur Experimental Study in a Rabbit Model", "authors": "Song et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep18187", "pmid": "26655843", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablation method that has been tested in humans with lung, prostate, kidney, liver, lymph node and presacral cancers. As a new non-thermal treatment, the use of IRE to ablate tumors in the musculoskeletal system might reduce the incidence of fractures. We aimed to determine the ablation threshold of cortical bone and to evaluate the medium- and long-term healing process and mechanical properties of the femur in a rabbit model post-IRE ablation. The ablation threshold of cortical bone was between 1090 V/cm and 1310 V/cm (120 pulses). IRE-ablated femurs displayed no detectable fracture but did exhibit signs of recovery, including osteoblast regeneration, angiogenesis and bone remodeling. In the ablation area, revascularization appeared at 4 weeks post-IRE. Osteogenic activity peaked 8 weeks post-IRE and remained high at 12 weeks. The mechanical strength decreased briefly 4 weeks post-IRE but returned to normal levels within 8 weeks. Our experiment revealed that IRE ablation preserved the structural integrity of the bone cortex, and the ablated bone was able to regenerate rapidly. IRE may hold unique promise for in situ bone tissue ablation because rapid revascularization and active osteogenesis in the IRE ablation area are possible.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fa0bca7d0236", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in the curative treatment of Ewing's sarcoma", "authors": "Steinbrecher et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "BMJ Case Rep", "doi": "10.1136/bcr-2016-216585", "pmid": "27655877", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is the second most common paediatric cancer of the bone. Standard therapy includes surgery or radiation for local control of primary and relapsed lesions and chemotherapy for systemic control. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), which uses short electrical pulses to induce pores and ablate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0262c2de1b99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in the Epidural Space of the Porcine Spine Effects on Adjacent Structures", "authors": "Tam et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2016152688", "pmid": "27266723", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose To determine the effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on the neural tissues after ablation in the epidural space of the porcine spine. Materials and Methods The institutional animal care and use committee approved this study. With the IRE electrode positioned in the right lateral recess of the spinal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-70aab9a3e4bc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Ablation of an Unresectable Fibrous Sarcoma With 2 Electrodes A Case Report", "authors": "Qin et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533034617711530", "pmid": "28558487", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To explore the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation ablation in unresectable fibrous sarcoma with 2 electrodes. Methods: A 74-year-old woman with unresectable retroperitoneal malignant fibrous sarcoma was treated with percutaneous irreversible electroporation. Four ablations were performed on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-16f018ea9b3c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "ECT", "technologyCategory": "core", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Combination of electroporation delivered metabolic modulators with low-dose chemotherapy in osteosarcoma", "authors": "Gill et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Oncotarget", "doi": "10.18632/oncotarget.25843", "pmid": "30140384", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "Background: Osteosarcoma accounts for roughly 60% of all malignant bone tumors in children and young adults. The five-year survival rate for localized tumors after surgery and chemotherapy is approximately 70% whilst it drastically reduces to 15-30% in metastatic cases. Metabolic modulation is known to increase sensitivity of cancers to chemotherapy. A novel treatment strategy in Osteosarcoma is needed to battle this devastating malady. Results: Electroporation-delivered metabolic modulators were more effective in halting the cell cycle of Osteosarcoma cells and this negatively affects their ability to recover and proliferate, as shown in colony formation assays. Electroporation-delivered metabolic modulators increase the sensitivity of Osteosarcoma cells to chemotherapy and this combination reduces their survivability. Conclusion: This novel treatment approach highlights the efficacy of electroporation in the delivery of metabolic modulators in Osteosarcoma cells, and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy allowing for a lower dose to be therapeutic. Methods: Metabolic modulations of two Osteosarcoma cell lines were performed with clinically available modulators delivered using electroporation, and its combination with low-dose Cisplatin. The effects of Dicholoroacetic acid, 2-Deoxy-D-glucose and Metformin on cell cycle and recovery of Osteosarcoma cells were assessed. Their sensitivity to chemotherapy was also assessed when treated in combination with electroporation-delivered metabolic modulators.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e86ccd3e01c5", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible electroporation and sarcomas where do we stand", "authors": "Vailas et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J BUON", "doi": null, "pmid": "31646777", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Sarcomas arise from uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of mesodermal origins, such as connective tissue, bone, cartilage, fat or muscle. Surgical resection is still considered the cornerstone in the treatment of sarcomas. However, in many cases where tumor is adjacent to vital structures like major vessels, other…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-44a7bcfab6f7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kemik ve Yumuşak Doku Sarkomları", "applicationSlug": "kemik-ve-yumusak-doku-sarkomlari", "applicationGroup": "Kas-İskelet ve SSS", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Combined With Dendritic Cell-based Vaccines for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma", "authors": "Sun et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.16514", "pmid": "37500144", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy, and surgical resection combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the gold-standard treatment for affected patients. Although the overall survival rates for patients with osteosarcoma currently range from 60% to 70%, outcomes remain disappointing for patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3c31565aa2ab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Focal Ablation at the Porta Hepatis", "authors": "Kasivisvanathan et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-012-0363-7", "pmid": "22367010", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Patients with chemotherapy-refractory liver metastases who are not candidates for surgery may be treated with focal ablation techniques with established survival benefits. Irreversible electroporation is the newest of these and has the putative advantages of a nonthermal action, preventing damage to adjacent biliary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c0c9cb23f9e8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Ablation of Peribiliary Tumors with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Silk et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2013.10.012", "pmid": "24262034", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To assess biliary complications after irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of hepatic tumors located < 1 cm from major bile ducts. Materials and methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all percutaneous IRE ablations of hepatic tumors within 1 cm of the common, left, or right hepatic ducts at a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f8d47aa7821e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electric Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) in Vital Hepatic Structures and Follow-up Investigation", "authors": "Chen et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/srep16233", "pmid": "26549662", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) with microsecond-pulsed electric fields (μsPEFs) can effectively ablate hepatocellular carcinomas in animal models. This preclinical study evaluates the feasibility and safety of IRE on porcine livers. Altogether, 10 pigs were included. Computed tomography (CT) was used to guide two-needle electrodes that were inserted near the hilus hepatis and gall bladder. Animals were followed-up at 2 hours and at 2, 7 and 14 days post-treatment. During and after μsPEF ablation, electrocardiographs found no cardiovascular events, and contrast CT found no portal vein thrombosis. There was necrosis in the ablation zone. Mild cystic oedema around the gall bladder was found 2 hours post-treatment. Pathological studies showed extensive cell death. There was no large vessel damage, but there was mild endothelial damage in some small vessels. Follow-up liver function tests and routine blood tests showed immediate liver function damage and recovery from the damage, which correlated to the pathological changes. These results indicate that μsPEF ablation affects liver tissue and is less effective in vessels, which enable μsPEFs to ablate central tumour lesions close to the hilus hepatis and near large vessels and bile ducts, removing some of the limitations and contraindications of conventional thermal ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-133ace2e4b1c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation treatment for prostate adenocarcinomas a safety outcome study", "authors": "Tomihama et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2014.12.330", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kongre Özeti", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "No. 264 Use of cone beam CT for complex biliary interventions J. Lopera, G. Kroma, A. Garza-Berlanga, R. Suri, M. wholey; Radiology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX Abstract No. 265 Venous phase C-arm cone beam CT in portomesenteric venous thrombosis: diagnostic value in assessing collateral pathways…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5d79a32414a2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in HPB cancer treatment - A new ablation modality", "authors": "DeOliveira et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "HPB", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2016.01.224", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "ABLATION MODALITY M. L. DeOliveira, M. Glenck, H. Petrowski, T. Pfammatter, L. Castrezana and P. A. Clavien University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Aims: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new nonthermal ablation with promising effect on local tumor treatment. The electrical energy induces cell death while sparing vessels, bile ducts, nerves and other structures. In contrast to microwave and radiofrequency ablation, this technique does not cause heat-sink effect, and has been increasingly applied as an alternative treatment for different type of cancers. The goal of this study was to evaluate feasibility and safety of this novel ablation treatment. Methods: Twenty patients treated with IRE were included. Safety and feasibility were assessed based on adverse effects and technical success. Complications were scored by Clavien-Dindo classification from I to V. Results: The procedure was feasible in 100% cases.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-53603eb507ec", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Bile Duct Injury after Irreversible Electroporation of Hepatic Malignancies: Evaluation of MR Imaging Findings and Laboratory Values", "authors": "Dollinger et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2015.10.002", "pmid": "26777402", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate biliary complications after irreversible electroporation (IRE) of hepatic malignancies. Materials and methods: In 24 patients (17 men; mean age, 59.3 y), bile ducts were located within a 1.0-cm radius of the ablation zone at subacute follow-up (ie, 1–3 d) after percutaneous IRE of 53 hepatic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Observational Study" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-32c24ec29c60", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Evaluation of Irreversible Electroporation Ablation: In Vivo Proof of Concept in Normal Porcine Liver", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Ultrasound Med Biol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.07.007", "pmid": "27546157", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The objective of this study was to describe the performance of ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) within 2 h after irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of porcine liver. Six IRE ablations were performed on porcine liver in vivo; ultrasound assessments were performed within 2 h after IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9738fc08a151", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparison between cryoablation and irreversible electroporation of rabbit livers at a location close to the gallbladder", "authors": "Zeng et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.1515/raon-2017-0003", "pmid": "28265231", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The ablation of liver tumors located close to the gallbladder is likely to lead to complications. The aim of this article is to compare the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) and cryoablation in rabbit livers at a location close to the gallbladder. Materials and methods: We performed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d281b4c362e3", "idBasis": "pmid", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation (Nanoknife® treatment) in the field of hepatobiliary surgery: Current status and future perspectives", "authors": "Papamichail et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J BUON", "doi": null, "pmid": "28365947", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: We aimed to provide an overview of current understanding on the potential use of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the field of hepatobiliary surgery with a focus on current results in hepatic and pancreatic cancers, its limitations, and its current directions. Methods: Through a review of the literature…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-47294cc47925", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation in the treatment of obstructive jaundice in advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2018.06.1806", "pmid": "30057125", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has successfully been used for palliation of pancreatic and liver cancers due to its ability to ablate tumors without destroying nearby vital structures. To date, it has not been evaluated in patients with advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma (AHC). This study presents a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1e835dd4492f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Transmural ablation of the normal porcine common bile duct with catheter-directed irreversible electroporation is feasible and does not affect duct patency", "authors": "Ueshima et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Gastrointest Endosc", "doi": "10.1016/j.gie.2017.05.004", "pmid": "28501593", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background and aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and early safety of catheter-directed irreversible electroporation (IRE) of the normal common bile duct (CBD) in swine. Methods: IRE (2000 V, 90 pulses, 100 μs pulse) was performed in the CBD of 6 Yorkshire pigs using a catheter electrode under…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5939c26d9c06", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for hepatic tumors", "authors": "Pompili et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Ultrasound", "doi": "10.1007/s40477-019-00367-4", "pmid": "30840216", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Maurizio Pompili1 · Giampiero Francica2 Received: 12 December 2018 / Accepted: 21 February 2019 / Published online: 6 March 2019 © Società Italiana di Ultrasonologia in Medicina e Biologia (SIUMB) 2019 Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new ablation technique for the treatment of abdominal and extraabdominal tumors. Its working mechanism is essentially non thermal as, through the insertion of probes into the neoplasm during open laparotomy or percutaneously under ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) guidance, it delivers high voltage electric pulses into the target lesion. The resultant electric field causes the formation of nanopores in the cell membrane of neoplastic cells with consequent apoptosis and cell death.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment", "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-70d7c1d04742", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Preliminary results in unresectable cholangiocarcinoma treated by CT percutaneous irreversible electroporation: feasibility, safety and efficacy", "authors": "Belfiore et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Med Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12032-020-01360-2", "pmid": "32270353", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) accounts for about 3% of the gastrointestinal and 10-25% of all hepatobiliary malignancies. It arises from the epithelium of the bile duct and it can be classified in intrahaepatic (ICC), perihilar (PCC) and distal (DCC) cholangiocarcinoma, depending on the anatomical location. About 50-60% of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5bca4ca8c6e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of Alterations to Bile Ducts and Laboratory Values During the First 3 Months After Irreversible Electroporation of Malignant Hepatic Tumors", "authors": "Bäumler et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancer Manag Res", "doi": "10.2147/CMAR.S261838", "pmid": "32982436", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To assess the incidence and evolution of biliary alterations adjacent to the ablation area in patients with hepatic malignancies during the first 3 months after percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) and to investigate associated changes in laboratory values. Material and methods: Bile ducts located…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f58b8fd0673a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Clinical impact of irreversible electroporation ablation for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma", "authors": "Hsiao et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-020-67772-2", "pmid": "32616770", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation modality that has been shown to be safe and effective in its application to tumors that are close to risky areas. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of IRE for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Nine patients from two medical centers in Asia received IRE treatment between June 2015 and July 2017. Before IRE treatment, percutaneous biliary decompressions had been performed on eight patients, and internal stenting had been performed on one patient. All patients tolerated the procedure well without high-grade complications. The ablated tumors had constant size without contrast enhancement for more than three months in eight patients and the level of CA19-9 decreased significantly in all patients. The percutaneous biliary drainage tube was removed from two patients with recanalization of the bile duct. The internal stent in one patient was removed without further stenting. The median overall survival period was 26 months, and the progression-free survival was 18 months. Bile ducts remained narrow in the majority (2/3) of the treated patients. Nevertheless, IRE ablation of unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma involving vital structures is a safe and feasible primary treatment for local tumor control and is effective in prolonging survival.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-baccc91b6e19", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Analysis on reversible/irreversible electroporation region in lung adenocarcinoma cell model in vitro with electric pulses delivered by needle electrodes", "authors": "Lv et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Phys Med Biol", "doi": "10.1088/1361-6560/abc12e", "pmid": "33053520", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive tumor therapy using pulsed electric field with high intensity while the important tissues such as blood vessel, bile duct, and nerve are preserved. In addition to ablation area, reversible electroporation (RE) region is also generated using needle electrodes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bd65d108acb7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Outcomes of Irreversible Electroporation for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma A Prospective Pilot Study", "authors": "Franken et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.024", "pmid": "35346858", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous or open irreversible electroporation (IRE) in a prospective cohort of patients with locally advanced, unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC). Materials and methods: In a multicenter Phase I/II study, patients with unresectable PHC due to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fcd1bc2344e1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Biliary complications and efficacy after ablation of peribiliary tumors using irreversible electroporation (IRE) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA)", "authors": "Thamtorawat et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2022.2079733", "pmid": "35649727", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the biliary complication rates and efficacy of peribiliary tumor ablation using irreversible electroporation (IRE) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Material and methods: This is a retrospective study of 42 consecutive patients with 44 peribiliary tumors (≤5 mm distance between the tumor margin and the primary or secondary bile duct). Data were collected between January 2014 and September 2020 from patients who underwent percutaneous liver ablation using IRE ( n = 13) or RFA ( n = 31). Results: The median length of follow-up was 23.1 months. The mean tumor size was 17.2 ± 5.2 mm in IRE vs. 18.4 ± 7.0 mm in RFA ( p = .56). Complete tumor ablation was achieved in 100% with a significantly larger ablation zone in the IRE group (3.8 ± 0.3 cm vs. 2.6 ± 0.6 cm, p <.001). Significant biliary complications occurred in one patient (7.7%) of the IRE group and in five patients (16.1%) of the RFA group. Significant risk factors for biliary complications included the RFA procedure (HR 9.71, p =.032) and proximity of the tumor to the bile duct (HR 0.63, p =.048). The local tumor progression (LTP) rates were 7.7% (IRE) vs. 21.5% (RFA) at 1 year, 23.1% (IRE) vs. 32.7% (RFA) at 2 years and 23.1% (IRE) vs. 44% (RFA) at 3 years, respectively ( p =.289). Conclusions: The IRE and RFA procedures are safe and effective to treat peribiliary liver tumors. However, the RFA may have a higher risk of significant bile duct injury than IRE. The shorter distance between the bile duct and the tumor is a strong risk factor for biliary complications.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8bf3a5a6b0b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation in unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Scrofani et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Br J Radiol", "doi": "10.1093/bjr/tqae107", "pmid": "38775716", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives The prognosis of patients with perihilar-cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) is poor, with the majority presenting with unresectable disease at diagnosis. Palliative chemotherapy (CHT) is the standard treatment for unresectable PHC. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been introduced as a novel ablation technique…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a64261edf009", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electroporation Parameters Based Survival Rate Prediction for Bile Duct Cancer: A Comparative Artificial Intelligence Study", "authors": "Binen et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "2026 8th International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (ICHORA)", "doi": "10.1109/ICHORA69329.2026.11537152", "pmid": null, "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "The use of electroporation in various medical treatments is becoming popular. In oncology applications, electroporation-based treatment is an effective method for cancer treatment and tumor ablation. In electroporation applications, the cell survival rate is an important indicator for assessing electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "kongre bildirisi", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-079c00d4f028", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Adjacent to the Rectum Evaluation of Pathological Effects in a Pig Model", "authors": "Schoellnast et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-012-0393-1", "pmid": "22562481", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on the rectum wall after IRE applied adjacent to the rectum. Material and methods: CT-guided IRE adjacent to the rectum wall was performed in 11 pigs; a total of 44 lesions were created. In five pigs, ablations were performed without a water-filled…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0127fdd905dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of an endorectal electrode for performing focused irreversible electroporation ablations in the Swine rectum", "authors": "Srimathveeravalli et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2013.04.025", "pmid": "23796856", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To study the feasibility of a novel endorectal electrode for the creation of focal ablations of the rectal wall with the use of irreversible electroporation (IRE). Materials and methods: A monopolar electrode with a grounding pad (10 ablations in five pigs) and a bipolar electrode (two ablations in one pig)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-09c5e32d0ca5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Akciğer ve Peribronşiyal Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "akciger-ve-peribronsiyal-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) fails to demonstrate efficacy in a prospective multicenter phase II trial on lung malignancies: the ALICE trial", "authors": "Ricke et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-014-1049-0", "pmid": "25609208", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To assess safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) of lung malignancies. Materials and methods: Patients with primary and secondary lung malignancies and preserved lung function were included in this prospective single arm trial. Primary and secondary endpoints were safety and efficacy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-52058ae14481", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation to Treat Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases (COLDFIRE-2): A Phase II, Two-Center, Single-Arm Clinical Trial", "authors": "Meijerink et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2021203089", "pmid": "33724066", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE), an ablative technique that uses high-voltage electrical pulses, has shown promise for eradicating tumors near critical structures, including blood vessels and bile ducts. Purpose To investigate the efficacy and safety of IRE for colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "SSRN ön baskı sürümü, yayın öncesi tam metin", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d4331a9a6925", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Adrenal Metastases", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-024-03893-9", "pmid": "39586931", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: A single-center retrospective study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive irreversible electroporation (IRE) to treat metastatic adrenal tumors. Materials and methods: This single-center study, approved by the Institutional Review Board, retrospectively analyzed six patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-48b7cfe3a2a7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Current Practice in the Treatment of Colorectal Liver Metastases by Irreversible Electroporation: A Focus-Group International Questionnaire Survey (LIVERMET-IRE-Q)", "authors": "Spiers et al", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": "10.20944/preprints202404.0292.v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Anket / Saha Araştırması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": ": Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a form of non-thermal ablation that delivers pulses of high voltage electrical current between electrodes. The role of IRE in the treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases is unestablished. This study is an international ques-tionnaire survey of the use of IRE for colorectal hepatic metastases. Methods: A questionnaire addressing views on the use of IRE for colorectal liver metastases was circulated to clinicians with an interest and/or expertise in this technique. Results: 64 clinicians from 17 different countries replied to the questionnaire. Thirty-six (56%) had experience of treating patients with colorectal liver metastases with IRE. The preferred mode of delivery of IRE was percutaneous treatment under CT guidance. Thirty-three (70% respondents) used IRE exclusively for lesions in proximity to inflow or outflow structures. Twenty (43% respondents) used IRE as their sole ablative treat-ment whilst 19 (40% respondents) used IRE in combination with thermal ablation. The maximum number of lesions that could be treated by IRE was two and preferred size of lesion was", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Anket / Saha Araştırması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b03c08c8f2e0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Current Practice in the Treatment of Colorectal Liver Metastases by Irreversible Electroporation: An International Questionnaire Survey (LIVERMET-IRE-Q)", "authors": "Spiers et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Dig Surg", "doi": "10.1159/000543634", "pmid": "40239634", "studyType": "Anket / Saha Araştırması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a form of non-thermal ablation that delivers pulses of high-voltage electric current between electrodes. Although IRE has been demonstrated to achieve tumor necrosis, its role in the treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases is unestablished. This study is an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Anket / Saha Araştırması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ad6862da9a5d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combination of Irreversible Electroporation and Clostridium novyi -NT Bacterial Therapy for Colorectal Liver Metastasis", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17152477", "pmid": "40805176", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) poses a significant challenge in oncology due to its high incidence and poor prognosis in unresectable cases. Current treatments, including surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy, and liver-directed therapies, often fail to effectively target hypoxic tumor regions, which are inherently more resistant to these interventions. This review examines the potential of a novel therapeutic strategy combining irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation and Clostridium novyi -nontoxic ( C . novyi -NT) bacterial therapy. IRE is a non-thermal tumor ablation technique that uses high-voltage electric pulses to create permanent nanopores in cell membranes, leading to cell death while preserving surrounding structures, and is often associated with temporary tumor hypoxia due to disrupted perfusion. C . novyi -NT is an attenuated, anaerobic bacterium engineered to selectively germinate and proliferate in hypoxic tumor regions, resulting in localized tumor cell lysis while sparing healthy, oxygenated tissue. The synergy between IRE-induced hypoxia and hypoxia-sensitive C . novyi -NT may enhance tumor destruction and stimulate systemic antitumor immunity. Furthermore, the integration of advanced imaging and artificial intelligence can support precise treatment planning and real-time monitoring. This integrated approach holds promise for improving outcomes in patients with CRLM, though further preclinical and clinical validation is needed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-09af74c34e65", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Experimental and Analytical Studies on Contact Irreversible Electroporation for Superficial Tumor Treatment", "authors": "KURATA et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "JBSE", "doi": "10.1299/jbse.8.306", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is attracting much attention as a less-invasive therapy to ablate abnormal tissues. With a pair of electrodes inserted into the tissue, the IRE perforates the targeted cells non-thermally by a train of intensive electric pulses that exceeds a certain threshold. Since only the cells…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d2a523f017bc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Human Primary Uveal Melanoma in Enucleated Eyes", "authors": "Mandel et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0071789", "pmid": "24039721", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults and is characterized by high rates of metastatic disease. Although brachytherapy is the most common globe-sparing treatment option for small- and medium-sized tumors, the treatment is associated with severe adverse reactions and does not lead to increased survival rates as compared to enucleation. The use of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for tumor ablation has potential advantages in the treatment of tumors in complex organs such as the eye. Following previous theoretical work, herein we evaluate the use of IRE for uveal tumor ablation in human ex vivo eye model. Enucleated eyes of patients with uveal melanoma were treated with short electric pulses (50-100 µs, 1000-2000 V/cm) using a customized electrode design. Tumor bioimpedance was measured before and after treatment and was followed by histopathological evaluation. We found that IRE caused tumor ablation characterized by cell membrane disruption while sparing the non-cellular sclera. Membrane disruption and loss of cellular capacitance were also associated with significant reduction in total tumor impedance and loss of impedance frequency dependence. The effect was more pronounced near the pulsing electrodes and was dependent on time from treatment to fixation. Future studies should further evaluate the potential of IRE as an alternative method of uveal melanoma treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3eeab6728d53", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Oxidative Effects during Irreversible Electroporation of Melanoma Cells—In Vitro Study", "authors": "Szlasa et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Molecules", "doi": "10.3390/molecules26010154", "pmid": "33396317", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is today used as an alternative to surgery for the excision of cancer lesions. This study aimed to investigate the oxidative and cytotoxic effects the cells undergo during irreversible electroporation using IRE protocols. To do so, we used IRE-inducing pulsed electric fields (PEFs) (eight pulses of 0.1 ms duration and 2-4 kV/cm intensity) and compared their effects to those of PEFs of intensities below the electroporation threshold (eight pulses, 0.1 ms, 0.2-0.4 kV/cm) and the PEFs involving elongated pulses (eight pulses, 10 ms, 0.2-0.4 kV/cm). Next, to follow the morphology of the melanoma cell membranes after treatment with the PEFs, we analyzed the permeability and integrity of their membranes and analyzed the radical oxygen species (ROS) bursts and the membrane lipids' oxidation. Our data showed that IRE-induced high cytotoxic effect is associated both with irreversible cell membrane disruption and ROS-associated oxidation, which is occurrent also in the low electric field range. It was shown that the viability of melanoma cells characterized by similar ROS content and lipid membrane oxidation after PEF treatment depends on the integrity of the membrane system. Namely, when the effects of the PEF on the membrane are reversible, aside from the high level of ROS and membrane oxidation, the cell does not undergo cell death.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a7fc8d0ee4e7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "Pulse width and intensity effects of pulsed electric fields on cancerous and normal skin cells", "authors": "Rao et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-022-22874-x", "pmid": "36302879", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Microsecond pulsed electric fields (PEF) have previously been used for various tumour therapies, such as gene therapy, electrochemotherapy and irreversible electroporation (IRE), due to its demonstrated ability. However, recently nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) have also been used as a potential tumor therapy via inducing cell apoptosis or immunogenic cell death to prevent recurrence and metastasis by interacting with intracellular organelles. A large proportion of the existing in-vitro studies of nsPEF on cells also suggests cell necrosis and swelling/blebbing can be induced, but the replicability and potential for other effects on cells suggesting a complicated process which requires further investigation. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of pulse width and intensity of nsPEF on the murine melanoma cells (B16) and normal murine fibroblast cells (L929) through electromagnetic simulation and in-vitro experiments. Through examining the evolution patterns of potential difference and electric fields on the intracellular compartments, the simulation has shown a differential effect of nsPEF on normal and cancerous skin cells, which explains well the results observed in the reported experiments. In addition, the modelling has provided a clear evidence that a few hundreds of ns PEF may have caused a mixed mode of effects, i.e. a 'cocktail effect', including cell electroporation and IRE due to an over their threshold voltage induced on the plasma membrane, as well as cell apoptosis and other biological effects caused by its interaction with the intracellular compartments. The in-vitro experiments in the pulse range of the hundreds of nanoseconds showed a possible differential cytotoxicity threshold of electric field intensity between B16 cells and L929 cells.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ba9f92b0ae76", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Veteriner Onkoloji", "applicationSlug": "veteriner-onkoloji", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Investigation of integrated time nanosecond pulse irreversible electroporation against spontaneous equine melanoma", "authors": "Fesmire", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Vet Sci", "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2024.1232650", "pmid": "38352036", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Integrated time nanosecond pulse irreversible electroporation (INSPIRE) is a novel tumor ablation modality that employs high voltage, alternating polarity waveforms to induce cell death in a well-defined volume while sparing the underlying tissue. This study aimed to demonstrate the in vivo efficacy of INSPIRE against spontaneous melanoma in standing, awake horses. Methods: A custom applicator and a pulse generation system were utilized in a pilot study to treat horses presenting with spontaneous melanoma. INSPIRE treatments were administered to 32 tumors across 6 horses and an additional 13 tumors were followed to act as untreated controls. Tumors were tracked over a 43-85 day period following a single INSPIRE treatment. Pulse widths of 500ns and 2000ns with voltages between 1000 V and 2000 V were investigated to determine the effect of these variables on treatment outcomes. Results: Treatments administered at the lowest voltage (1000 V) reduced tumor volumes by 11 to 15%. Higher voltage (2000 V) treatments reduced tumor volumes by 84 to 88% and eliminated 33% and 80% of tumors when 500 ns and 2000 ns pulses were administered, respectively. Discussion: Promising results were achieved without the use of chemotherapeutics, the use of general anesthesia, or the need for surgical resection in regions which are challenging to keep sterile. This novel therapeutic approach has the potential to expand the role of pulsed electric fields in veterinary patients, especially when general anesthesia is contraindicated, and warrants future studies to demonstrate the efficacy of INSPIRE as a solid tumor treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7e1b35954c83", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Malign Melanom", "applicationSlug": "malign-melanom", "applicationGroup": "Deri ve Yüzeyel Tümörler", "title": "CD40 agonist improves the therapeutic efficacy of irreversible electroporation ablation for metastatic melanoma by promoting unexpected CD8 + CD103 + cDC1 and TRM cell responses", "authors": "Wu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Immunother", "doi": "10.1007/s00262-025-04217-7", "pmid": "41251836", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Background: Melanoma is one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an innovative, non-thermal ablation technology for treating irresectable solid cancers. However, most IRE treatments are incapable of cancer eradication and only temporarily prolong patient survival. Methods: In…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c053d3f17b8a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Cellular fragmentation underlies the immunogenicity of irreversible electroporation-mediated tumor cell killing", "authors": "Vallin", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioeng Transl Med", "doi": "10.1002/btm2.70102", "pmid": "42272972", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a focal ablative cancer therapy that destroys cells through membrane destabilization via pulsed electric fields. It also has the capacity to induce a systemic, anti-tumor immune response, thus acting as an in situ vaccine. Although many studies characterize the immunogenicity of focal therapies by their released biochemical constituents, here we show that the biophysical context of the presentation of these immunogenic signals is vital to understanding downstream immune functions. Compared to thermal ablation or cryoablation, IRE generates similar numbers of exosome-like particles (ELP, 50-200 nm) but significantly greater numbers of microparticles (MP, 200-1000 nm) and large debris particles (LDP, 2-6 μm) in both melanoma and pancreatic cancer cell lines. We show that LDPs contain antigen and tumor-associated DNA, which dendritic cells (DCs) internalize in greater proportions from IRE-treated cells compared to other treatments. For the submicron particles, we demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that MPs induce greater T-cell proliferation and differentiation compared to ELPs on a per-particle basis. This novel biophysical analysis of the immunogenicity of IRE-treated cancer cells opens a new avenue toward improving the systemic immune response to focal ablation-based cancer immunotherapies via increasing cell fragmentation and particle generation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-cc34d80265e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The feasibility of irreversible electroporation for the treatment of breast cancer and other heterogeneous systems", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-009-9796-9", "pmid": "19757056", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Developments in breast cancer therapies show potential for replacing simple and radical mastectomies with less invasive techniques. Localized thermal techniques encounter difficulties, preventing their widespread acceptance as replacements for surgical resection. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-665b31c7c663", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of breast cancer through the application of irreversible electroporation using a novel minimally invasive single needle electrode", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "Breast Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1007/s10549-010-0803-5", "pmid": "20191380", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a therapeutic technology for the ablation of soft tissues using electrodes to deliver intense but short electric pulses across a cell membrane, creating nanopores that lead to cell death. This phenomenon only affects the cell membrane, leaving the extracellular matrix and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-747b635f26d6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Introduction to Irreversible Electroporation—Principles and Techniques", "authors": "Thomson et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Tech Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1053/j.tvir.2015.06.002", "pmid": "26365541", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel nonthermal focal ablation technique that uses a series of brief but intense electric pulses delivered by paired electrodes into a targeted region of tissue, killing the cells by irreversibly disrupting cellular membrane integrity. Unlike other ablation methods, IRE has…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-847cf4ff2841", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation inhibits pro-cancer inflammatory signaling in triple negative breast cancer cells", "authors": "Goswami et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.09.003", "pmid": "27693939", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Low-level electric fields have been demonstrated to induce spatial re-distribution of cell membrane receptors when applied for minutes or hours. However, there is limited literature on the influence on cell signaling with short transient high-amplitude pulses typically used in irreversible electroporation (IRE) for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3686940b5fab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Breast tissue ablation with irreversible electroporation in rabbits A safety and feasibility study", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0181555", "pmid": "28732031", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background and aim: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) was confirmed to control several solid tumors effectively in vivo. Our preclinical study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of IRE in the breast of rabbit. Methods: Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits (control group, IRE group A, and B). Two mono-electrode needles were inserted into the breast tissue by percutaneous puncture. Electrocardiogram and vital signs were monitored before, during, and after ablation. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy were examined at 0 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 4 days, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days after ablation. Results: All the rabbits survived the procedure with no significant adverse effects. Intra-operative ventricular arrhythmias occurred in 1 rabbit from IRE group B and was immediately relieved after ablation. Reversible subcutaneous hemorrhage was observed in 8 rabbits from IRE group A and 7 rabbits from IRE group B. No skin was burnt, however, pectoralis major muscle injuries were found in all rabbits. Histopathological and ultrastructural examination revealed the coexistence of cell necrosis and apoptosis. HE, TUNEL, and Masson staining revealed breast tissue injury and the recovery of damage by fibrous tissue and granulation tissue. Notably, the structures of mammary gland lobules and interstitial components of the breasts were well preserved. Conclusions: Our study suggests that IRE destroys breast cancer while effectively preserving the skin, the structure of mammary gland lobules, and interstitial components. IRE may be a promising technique to locally control breast cancer and to maintain the esthetic of the breast.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e697294d0e86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for the treatment of rabbit VX2 breast cancer", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Biomed Microdevices", "doi": "10.1007/s10544-017-0173-4", "pmid": "28417251", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is considered predominantly as a non-thermal ablative technique that uses electrical fields to permeabilize cell membranes and lead to cell death. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of IRE in the rabbit VX2 breast cancer model. Thirty-five female New Zealand white rabbits were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-faef6774e666", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) of Hepatic Malignancy: A Bi-institutional Analysis of Safety and Outcomes", "authors": "Mafeld et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-018-2120-z", "pmid": "30465255", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablative option in patients unsuitable for standard thermal ablation, due to its potential to preserve collagenous structures (vessels and ducts) and a reduced susceptibility to heat sink effects. In this series from two large tertiary referral hepatobiliary centres, we aim to assess the safety/outcomes of hepatic IRE. Materials and methods: Bi-institutional retrospective, longitudinal follow-up series of IRE for primary hepatic malignancy; [hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 20), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 3)] and secondary metastatic disease; colorectal (n = 28), neuroendocrine (n = 1), pancreatic (n = 1), breast (n = 1), gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST, n = 1) and malignant thymoma (n = 1). Outcome measures included procedural safety/effectiveness, time to progression and time to death. Results: Between 2013 and 2017, 52 patients underwent percutaneous IRE of 59 liver tumours in 53 sessions. All tumours were deemed unsuitable for thermal ablation. Cases were performed using ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) guidance. A complete ablation was achieved in n = 44, (75%) of cases with an overall complication rate of 17% (n = 9). Of the complete ablation group, median time to progression was 8 months. At 12 months, 44% were progression-free (95% CI 30-66%). The data suggest that larger lesion size (> 2 cm) is associated with shorter time to progression and there is highly significant difference with faster time to progression in mCRC compared with HCC. Median survival time was 38 months. Conclusion: This bi-institutional review is the largest UK series of IRE and suggests this ablative technology can be a useful tool, but appears to mainly induce local tumour control rather than cure with HCC having better outcomes than mCRC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5a9d90693d25", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Enhanced Therapeutic Potential of Irreversible Electroporation under Combination with Gold-Doped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles against EMT-6 Breast Cancer Cells", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Biosensors (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/bios13010041", "pmid": "36671876", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tumor ablation technique that delivers short pulses of strong electric fields to cancer tissues and induces cell death through the destruction of cell membranes. Here, we synthesized gold-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Au-MSNs) via incipient wetness impregnation and evaluated the therapeutic potentials of combination therapy with IRE. The fabricated Au-MSNs had around 80-100 nm of particle size and were successfully end-doped with Au nanoparticles. Combination treatment of IRE (800 V/cm) and Au-MSNs (100 μg/mL) increased cell membrane permeability by 25-fold compared with single IRE treatment. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation of EMT-6 cells were significantly increased by 14- and 265-fold, respectively, under combination treatment of IRE (800 V/cm) and Au-MSNs (100 µg/mL). Cytotoxic cell death increased by 28% under a combination treatment of IRE (800 V/cm) and Au-MSNs (100 ug/mL) over single IRE. Our studies suggest that the combination treatment of IRE with Au-MSNs can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of IRE for breast cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0cd6b676642c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Meme Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "meme-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Synergistic induction of immunogenic cell death in triple-negative breast cancer cells by cold atmospheric plasma and pulsed electric field", "authors": "Wei et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Bioelectrochemistry", "doi": "10.1016/j.bioelechem.2026.109349", "pmid": "42225025", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) and pulsed electric field (PEF) in inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. CAP and PEF devices were self-developed. MDA-MB-231 cell line was used and divided into five groups: Control, CAP, PEF, CAP before PEF, and PEF before CAP. Optical emission spectroscopy confirmed that CAP produced reactive species such as He, OH, N₂ and O, and infrared thermal imaging showed that the maximum temperature during the treatment did not exceed 28.3 °C. CAP could significantly increase the content of H₂O₂, NO₂ - and NO₃ - in PBS. Scavenger experiments showed that the cytotoxicity of CAP was completely reversed by Catalase and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), while that of PEF was only reversed by NAC. Furthermore, CAP before PEF treatment had the strongest killing and pro-apoptotic effects on TNBC cells, and the increase in ICD markers was the most significant. Mechanically, pre-treatment with CAP allowing PEF to cause more extensive membrane disintegration. CAP before PEF treatment also triggered the most intense mitochondrial oxidative stress, leading to a significant rise in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-259abd1b789b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Effects of irreversible electroporation on cervical cancer cell lines in vitro", "authors": "Qin et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Mol Med Rep", "doi": "10.3892/mmr.2016.5468", "pmid": "27431825", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on the proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion of human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa were investigated in the present study. HeLa and SiHa cells were divided into a treatment group and control group. The treatment group cells were exposed to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f8083da222fe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Feasibility and Safety of Irreversible Electroporation in Locally Advanced Pelvic and Retroperitoneal Tumors", "authors": "Underhill et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "The American Surgeon™", "doi": "10.1177/000313481608200916", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-bb2069e7990b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Characterization of irreversible electroporation on the stomach A feasibility study in rats", "authors": "Lee et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-45659-1", "pmid": "31235753", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a newly developed non-thermal ablative therapy. During the IRE procedure, the permeability of the cell membrane is irreversibly changed by application of high-energy pulses across the tissue. This induces the breakdown of cell homeostasis, and thereby cell death. Here, we present an in vivo study to demonstrate IRE ablation of gastric tissue and characterize the changes that occur with time therein. No significant complications were observed in the test rats during the experiment. The electroporated tissues exhibited apoptosis at 10, 24 and 48 h after IRE ablation. The apoptosis peaked at 10 h after IRE and then declined, suggesting that the ablated tissue rapidly recovered owing to intense metabolic activity. In addition, the electroporated tissues exhibited morphological changes such as pyknosis and karyorrhexis, while histological analysis showed that the blood vessels were preserved. Interestingly, electroporation greatly affected the mucosa and muscularis propria, but not the submucosa and serosa. This study suggests that IRE could potentially be used as a minimally invasive treatment for early gastric cancer that does not exhibit lymph node metastasis or dysplasia.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6d1cc506e24a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for the Treatment of Small Renal Masses 5-Year Outcomes", "authors": "Dai et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Endourol", "doi": "10.1089/end.2021.0115", "pmid": "33926224", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablative technology that applies high-voltage short-pulse electrical current to create cellular membrane nanopores and ultimately results in apoptosis. This is thought to overcome thermal limitations of other ablative technologies. We report 5-year…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a49532313ef5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Metastatik Hastalıkta Elektrokemoterapi", "applicationSlug": "metastatik-hastalik", "applicationGroup": "Özel Endikasyonlar", "title": "Combination of Metal-Phenolic Network-Based Immunoactive Nanoparticles and Bipolar Irreversible Electroporation for Effective Cancer Immunotherapy", "authors": "Han et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Small", "doi": "10.1002/smll.202200316", "pmid": "35570584", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "To circumvent the limitations of conventional cancer immunotherapy, it is critical to prime antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to initiate the cancer-immune cycle. Here, the authors develop a metal-phenolic network (MPN)-based immunoactive nanoparticle in combination with irreversible electroporation (IRE) for an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5abb5da09807", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "IN VIVO USE OF A NANOKNIFE FOR AXON MICROSURGERY", "authors": "Chang et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Neurosurgery", "doi": "10.1227/01.NEU.0000298896.31355.80", "pmid": "17986929", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": "Objective: Microfabricated devices with nanoscale features have been proposed as new microinstrumentation for cellular and subcellular surgical procedures, but their effectiveness in vivo has yet to be demonstrated. In this study, we examined the in vivo use of 10 to 100 microm-long nanoknives with cutting edges of 20…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ddc621036eb5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Non Thermal Irreversible Electroporation Novel Technology for Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Ablation", "authors": "Maor et al", "year": 2009, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0004757", "pmid": "19270746", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Non thermal Irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a new tissue ablation method that induces selective damage only to the cell membrane while sparing all other tissue components. Our group has recently showed that NTIRE attenuated neointimal formation in rodent model. The goal of this study was to determine optimal values of NTIRE for vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) ablation. Methods and results: 33 Sprague-Dawley rats were used to compare NTIRE protocols. Each animal had NTIRE applied to its left common carotid artery using a custom-made electrodes. The right carotid artery was used as control. Electric pulses of 100 microseconds were used. Eight IRE protocols were compared: 1-4) 10 pulses at a frequency of 10 Hz with electric fields of 3500, 1750, 875 and 437.5 V/cm and 5-8) 45 and 90 pulses at a frequency of 1 Hz with electric fields of 1750 and 875 V/cm. Animals were euthanized after one week. Histological analysis included VSMC counting and morphometry of 152 sections. Selective slides were stained with elastic Van Gieson and Masson trichrome to evaluate extra-cellular structures. The most efficient protocols were 10 pulses of 3500 V/cm at a frequency of 10 Hz and 90 pulses of 1750 V/cm at a frequency of 1 Hz, with ablation efficiency of 89+/-16% and 94+/-9% respectively. Extra-cellular structures were not damaged and the endothelial layer recovered completely. Conclusions: NTIRE is a promising, efficient and simple novel technology for VMSC ablation. It enables ablation within seconds without causing damage to extra-cellular structures, thus preserving the arterial scaffold and enabling endothelial regeneration. This study provides scientific information for future anti-restenosis experiments utilizing NTIRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0eee4d1f89e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Ablation with Endovascular Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Maor et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2010.06.024", "pmid": "20933436", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the effect of endovascular nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) on blood vessels. Materials and methods: Specially made endovascular devices with four electrodes on top of inflatable balloons were used to apply electroporation pulses. Finite element simulations were used to characterize…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-58e72e370191", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation for Tissue Decellularization", "authors": "Phillips et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.4001882", "pmid": "20815637", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Tissue scaffolding is a key component for tissue engineering, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is nature's ideal scaffold material. A conceptually different method is reported here for producing tissue scaffolds by decellularization of living tissues using nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) pulsed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dd02649433b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Preventing Scars after Injury with Partial Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Golberg et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Invest Dermatol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.620", "pmid": "27393126", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Preventing the formation of hypertrophic scars, especially those that are a result of major trauma or burns, would have enormous impact in the fields of regenerative and trauma medicine. In this report, we introduce a noninvasive method to prevent scarring based on nonthermal partial irreversible electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bc33d5598182", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Using Non-Thermal Irreversible Electroporation to create an in Vivo Niche for Exogenous Cell Engraftment", "authors": "Chang et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Biotechniques", "doi": "10.2144/000114547", "pmid": "28528576", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "The critical shortage of donor organs has spurred investigation of alternative approaches to either generate replacement organs or implant exogenous cells for treatment of end-stage organ failure. Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE), which uses brief high electric field pulses to induce irreversible permeabilization of cell membranes, has emerged as a technique for tumor ablation. Here, we introduce a new application for NTIRE that employs in situ cell ablation to create a niche within a solid organ for engraftment of exogenous cells in vivo. We treated the livers of mice with NTIRE and subsequently implanted exogenous congenic hepatocytes within the zone of cell ablation. Donor hepatocytes engrafted and integrated with host liver parenchyma pre-treated with NTIRE. This new approach should have value for studying the effects of a native matrix scaffold on in vivo cell growth and may pioneer a new type of minimally-invasive regenerative surgery.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2ae5f1a6b8c7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Optimizing Integrated Electrode Design for Irreversible Electroporation of Implanted Polymer Scaffolds", "authors": "Pelaez et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-019-02445-4", "pmid": "31916125", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging technology for non-thermal ablation of solid tumors. This study sought to integrate electrodes into microporous poly(caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds previously shown to recruit metastasizing cancer cells in vivo in order to facilitate application of IRE to disseminating…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8231cdb3f412", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Pancreatic islets implanted in an irreversible electroporation generated extracellular matrix in the liver", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2023-0006", "pmid": "36653949", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic islet transplantation via infusion through the portal vein, has become an established clinical treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes. Because the engraftment efficiency is low, new approaches for pancreatic islets implantation are sought. The goal of this study is to explore the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-15917dafe33e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of the Liver Increases the Transplant Engraftment of Hepatocytes", "authors": "Han et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Surg Res", "doi": "10.1016/j.jss.2023.08.015", "pmid": "37738854", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a tissue ablation technology that kills cells with short electrical pulses that do not induce thermal damage, thereby preserving the extracellular matrix. Preclinical research suggests that IRE may be developed as a tool for regenerative surgery by clearing existing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2cdf7dd5b53c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Non-thermal venous endothelial injury by microsecond irreversible electroporation: mechanisms of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and vascular closure initiation", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Cell Dev Biol", "doi": "10.3389/fcell.2026.1887504", "pmid": "42529103", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Minimally invasive treatments for lower extremity varicose veins carry risks of thermal diffusion injury, nerve damage, ectopic embolism, and limited efficacy, highlighting the need for safer venous closure techniques. Microsecond irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation method whose mechanism of action on venous endothelium remains unclear. Methods: Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a porcine hepatic portal vein model, we evaluated the killing efficacy, mechanism of action, and in vivo pathological changes induced by microsecond IRE at varying parameters. Results: IRE killed venous endothelial cells in a parameter-dependent manner: apoptosis predominated at 400 V/cm, while necrosis predominated at 800 V/cm with high pulse counts. IRE activated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway via reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, elevated ROS, and calcium overload, while promoting release of DAMPs (ATP, HMGB1, vWF). In the porcine portal vein model, IRE induced early inflammatory and microthrombotic changes while preserving overall vascular wall architecture. Discussion: Microsecond IRE achieves controllable, non-thermal venous endothelial injury and initiates signals necessary for venous closure, providing preclinical evidence for its development as a novel endovascular treatment for varicose veins.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6b74cea941d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Mathematical Models Describing Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Death Due to Electroporation In Vitro", "authors": "Dermol et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Membr Biol", "doi": "10.1007/s00232-015-9825-6", "pmid": "26223863", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Electroporation is a phenomenon used in the treatment of tumors by electrochemotherapy, non-thermal ablation with irreversible electroporation, and gene therapy. When treating patients, either predefined or variable electrode geometry is used. Optimal pulse parameters are predetermined for predefined electrode…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9d8c03d446bb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation targets resilient tumor-initiating cells in ovarian cancer", "authors": "Rolong et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Integr Biol (Camb)", "doi": "10.1039/c7ib00116a", "pmid": "29186222", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We explored the use of irreversible electroporation (IRE) and high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) to induce cell death of tumor-initiating cells using a mouse ovarian surface epithelial (MOSE) cancer model. Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) can be successfully destroyed using pulsed electric field…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d5f6b4b074ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Analysis of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules due to electroporation of cells in vitro", "authors": "Polajzer et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiol Oncol", "doi": "10.2478/raon-2020-0047", "pmid": "32726295", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Tumor cells can die via immunogenic cell death pathway, in which damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) are released from the cells. These molecules activate cells involved in the immune response. Both innate and adaptive immune response can be activated, causing a destruction of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f2e8d2f304c8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Over Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "over-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Ovarian Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic and Research Applications", "authors": "Bose", "year": 2026, "journal": "Indian J Gynecol Oncolog", "doi": "10.1007/s40944-026-01132-2", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nanosaniye Darbeli Elektrik Alan (nsPEF)", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose This review synthesizes current research from Irreversible electroporation in Ovarian Cancer regarding the expanding roles of electroporation in ovarian cancer. It addresses how controlled electric fields can overcome late-stage diagnosis, chemoresistance, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8d24c260954a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of the pancreas in swine a pilot study", "authors": "Charpentier et al", "year": 2010, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1111/j.1477-2574.2010.00174.x", "pmid": "20590911", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel, non-thermal method of tissue ablation using short pulses of high-voltage DC current to ablate tissue. Methods: Irreversible electroporation of the pancreas was performed in four domestic female swine using two monopolar probes spaced 9-15 mm apart. Ninety…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-673ca9c02b90", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of the pancreas Definitive local therapy without systemic effects", "authors": "Bower et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.21899", "pmid": "21360714", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: The use of thermal tumor ablative techniques in the pancreas is limited due to the risk of pancreatitis and damage to major vascular structures. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique that could allow ablation in the pancreas while preserving vital surrounding blood vessels…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eb37f06446f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Abstract No. 128: Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of surgically unresectable pancreatic carcinoma: single center safety experience", "authors": "Bagla et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2011.12.170", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "No. 128 Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of surgically unresectable pancreatic carcinoma: single center safety experience MONDAY: Scientific Sessions S. Bagla, D. Papadouris, A. van Breda; Cardiovascular & Interventional Radiology, Inova Alexandria Hospital, Alexandria, VA Purpose: Pancreatic carcinoma…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b69318a6488f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Surgically Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer A Case Report", "authors": "Bagla et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2011.10.002", "pmid": "22221480", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The present report describes a case of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) in a 78-year-old man with surgically unresectable stage III (tumor/node/metastasis stages, T4N0M0) pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Two ablations were performed for a 4.1-cm mass encasing the celiac and superior mesenteric artery. At 3…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-34fef8104ac2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation shows efficacy against pancreatic carcinoma without systemic toxicity in mouse models", "authors": "José et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.canlet.2011.11.004", "pmid": "22079741", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) therapies show limited success. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an innovative loco-regional therapy in which high-voltage pulses are applied to induce plasma membrane defects leading to cellular death. In the present study we evaluated the feasibility of IRE against PDAC…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d298fe2e16c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Therapy in the Management of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Am Coll Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.05.021", "pmid": "22726894", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients have limited options for disease control. Local ablation technologies based on thermal damage have been used but are associated with major complications in this region of the pancreas. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablation technology that we…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f5c61a9d5654", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Potential Improved Overall Survival", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-012-2736-1", "pmid": "23128941", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAC) is characterized by poor survival despite chemotherapy and conventional radiation therapy. We have recently reported on the safety of using irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the management of LAC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e48370c2f17", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation for downstaging and control of unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2012.09.012", "pmid": "23177107", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Treatment of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) usually includes chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy in an attempt to downstage these tumors to the extent of resectability, but outcomes remain poor. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an ablative modality that may be useful in this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-40290bc2833d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pancreatic cancer: does irreversible electroporation improve the quality of life and the survival in local advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma? Report of a pilot case", "authors": "Braucci et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Pancreatology", "doi": "10.1016/j.pan.2013.04.152", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Pancreaticoduodenectomy is treatment of choice for periampullary tumors. This procedure carry a significant risk and morbidities. Most of them are related to pancreatic anastomotic failure. For that many techniques has been established to decrease the morbidity rate, pancreaticogastrostomy is one of those techniques. Aims: evaluate the pancreaticogastrostomy procedure after pancreaticoduodenectomy Patients & methods: Design: Retrospective review was done for all patient who diagnosed with periampullary tumor between 2008 to 2012. Setting: king Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center- Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Outcome Measures: Indication for surgery, intra-operative and post operative variables, operative technique and post-operative complications. Results: In group of patient who underwent pancreaticogastrostomy (n¼20) including 10 males and 10 females, the mean age was 56.2 years.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi" ] }, { "id": "ref-6c201dafb819", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Head Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Martin", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Gastrointest Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s11605-013-2309-z", "pmid": "23929188", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been used to palliate appropriate patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The setting was at a university tertiary care center. Subjects are patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma who have undergone…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d6b3f5d302d9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation (IRE) of unresectable soft tissue tumors: learning curve evaluation in the first 150 patients treated", "authors": "Philips et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0076260", "pmid": "24223700", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel technology that uses peri-target discrete probes to deliver high-voltage localized electric current to induce cell death without thermal-induced coagulative necrosis. \"Learnability\" and consistently effective results by novice practitioners is essential for determining acceptance of novel techniques. This multi-center prospectively-collected database study evaluates the learning curve of IRE. Methods: Analysis of 150 consecutive patients over 7 institutions from 9/2010-7/2012 was performed with patients treated divided into 3 groups A (1(st) 50 patients treated), B (2(nd) 50) and C (3(rd) 50 patients treated) chronologically and analyzed for outcomes. Results: A total of 167 IRE procedures were performed, with a majority being liver(39.5%) and pancreatic(35.5%) lesions. The three groups were similar with respect to co-morbidities and demographics. Group C had larger lesions (3.9 vs 3 cm,p=0.001), more numerous lesions (3.2 vs 2.2,p=0.07), more vascular invasion(p=0.001), underwent more associated procedures(p=0.001) and had longer operative times(p<0.001). Despite this, they had similar complication and high-grade complication rates(p=0.24). Attributable morbidity rate was 13.3%(total 29.3%) and high-grade complications were seen in 4.19%(total 12.6%). Pancreatic lesions(p=0.001) and laparotomy(p=0.001) were associated with complications. Conclusion: The review represents that single largest review of IRE soft tissue ablation demonstrating initial patient selection and safety. Over time, complex treatments of larger lesions and lesions with greater vascular involvement were performed without a significant increase in adverse effects or impact on local relapse free survival. This evolution demonstrates the safety profile of IRE and speed of graduation to more complex lesions, which was greater than 5 cases by institution. IRE is a safe and effective alternative to conventional ablation with a demonstrable learning curve of at least 5 cases to become proficient.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ca461d7605cf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation A novel pancreatic cancer therapy", "authors": "Weiss et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Curr Probl Cancer", "doi": "10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2013.10.002", "pmid": "24331180", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Approximately 43,000 new cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are identified yearly in the United States. Surgical resection offers the only chance for cure with 5-year survival rates approaching 20%. However, only 80% of patients are candidates for a potentially curative resection because of metastatic disease (50%) or locally advanced tumors (30%). Perhaps more than any other stage of pancreatic cancer, patients with stage III locally advanced or unresectable tumors derive the most benefit from a multidisciplinary team approach. A typical treatment regimen begins with systemic therapy to control micrometastatic disease followed by radiation for local control. At each step of treatment, the surgeon is involved in assessing the resectability.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ] }, { "id": "ref-1a65d83b1a24", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of resistance as a measure of successful tumor ablation during irreversible electroporation of the pancreas", "authors": "Dunki-Jacobs et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Am Coll Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.10.013", "pmid": "24315888", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Intraoperative evaluation of successful pancreatic tumor ablation using irreversible electroporation (IRE) is difficult secondary to lack of visual confirmation. The IRE generator provides feedback by reporting current (amperage), which can be used to calculate changes in tumor tissue resistance. The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1987eb43c4e3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of thermal injury to liver, pancreas and kidney during irreversible electroporation in an in vivo experimental model", "authors": "Dunki-Jacobs et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Br J Surg", "doi": "10.1002/bjs.9536", "pmid": "24961953", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new technique for tumour cell ablation that is reported to involve non-thermal-based energy using high voltage at short microsecond pulse lengths. In vivo assessment of the thermal energy generated during IRE has not been performed. Thermal injury can be predicted…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e84baae85b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Borderline and locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma margin accentuation with intraoperative irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Kwon et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/j.surg.2014.06.058", "pmid": "25239345", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Complete tumor extirpation (R0 resection) remains the best possibility for long-term survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Unfortunately, approximately 80% of patients are not amenable to resection at diagnosis either because of metastatic (40%) or locally advanced disease (40%). Recent…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f5cca15a2a39", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Systematic review of irreversible electroporation in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Moir et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2014.08.480", "pmid": "25307210", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel procedure to combat pancreatic cancer, whereby high voltage pulses are delivered, resulting in cell death. This represents an ideal alternative to other thermal treatment modalities, as there is no overriding heat effect, therefore reducing the risk of injury…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1676a978242d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Vessel Patency Post Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-014-0988-9", "pmid": "25212418", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) on vessel patency in close proximity to the ablation zone. Materials and methods: Between January 2010 and November 2013, 101 patients underwent percutaneous IRE procedures using the NanoKnife for primary and metastatic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-eb87049c0c3b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for nonthermal tumor ablation in the clinical setting: a systematic review of safety and efficacy", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2014.01.028", "pmid": "24656178", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To provide an overview of current clinical results of irreversible electroporation (IRE), a novel, nonthermal tumor ablation technique that uses electric pulses to induce cell death, while preserving structural integrity of bile ducts and vessels. Methods: All in-human literature on IRE reporting safety or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-623aafd3cdb6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma using the dorsal approach: a case report", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-014-0950-x", "pmid": "25288173", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided ablation technique that is increasingly used to treat locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC). We describe a 67-year-old male patient with a 5 cm stage III pancreatic tumor who was referred for IRE. Because the ventral approach for electrode placement was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c9e4bfc0895d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation: a novel therapy for stage III pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Weiss et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Adv Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.yasu.2014.05.002", "pmid": "25293620", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Approximately 43,000 new cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are identified yearly in the United States. Surgical resection offers the only chance for cure, with 5-year survival rates approaching 20%. However, only 20% of patients will be candidates for a potentially curative resection because of the presence of metastatic disease (50%) or involvement of major vessels (30%). Patients with involvement of the major vessels are classified as having stage III Disclosures: None. *Corresponding author. E-mail address: cwolfga2@jhmi.edu 0065-3411/14/$ – see front matter http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yasu.2014.05.002 Ó 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 254 WEISS & WOLFGANG cancer, and the extent of involvement further stratifies patients into those who will likely go on to a potentially curative resection after neoadjuvant therapy and those who will likely never be able to undergo resection.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-da89b9486440", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Rapid dramatic alterations to the tumor microstructure in pancreatic cancer following irreversible electroporation ablation", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Nanomedicine (Lond)", "doi": "10.2217/NNM.13.72", "pmid": "24024571", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim: NanoKnife(®) (Angiodynamics, Inc., NY, USA) or irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a newly available ablation technique to induce the formation of nanoscale pores within the cell membrane in targeted tissues. The purpose of this study was to elucidate morphological alterations following 30 min of IRE ablation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7ce6b4e27feb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "CT Findings of Patients Treated with Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Akinwande et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Oncol", "doi": "10.1155/2015/680319", "pmid": "26649039", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction. In patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), IRE has been shown to be safe for local disease control and palliation. As IRE continues to gain acceptance it is important to characterize the expected imaging findings. Materials and Methods. A review of our prospective soft tissue ablation registry from July 2010 to June 2013 was performed on patients who had undergone IRE for LAPC. Five masses treated with intraoperative IRE ablation for pancreatic tumors that underwent CT imaging before and after ablation were reviewed. Results and Discussion. Following IRE, the postablation bed is larger than the original ablated tumor. This ablation zone may get smaller in size (due to decreased edema and hyperemia) in the following months and more importantly remains stable provided there is no recurrence. In cases of recurrent disease there is increased size of the ablation bed, mass effect, and new or worsening vascular encasement or occlusion. Conclusion. CT imaging remains the best current imaging modality to assess post-IRE ablation changes. Serial imaging over at least 2-6 months must be employed to detect recurrence by comparing with prior studies in conjunction with clinical and serum studies. Larger imaging studies are underway to evaluate a more ideal imaging modality for this unique patient population.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-1b5ac03537e5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Stage III pancreatic cancer and the role of irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Al Efishat et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "BMJ", "doi": "10.1136/bmj.h521", "pmid": "25787829", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "About a third of patients with pancreatic cancer present with locally advanced disease that is not amenable to resection. Because these patients have localized disease, conventional ablative therapies (thermal ablation and cryoablation) have the potential to be beneficial, but their use is inherently limited in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0b89ed7c4394", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous CT-guided irreversible electroporation followed by chemotherapy as a novel neoadjuvant protocol in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: Our preliminary experience", "authors": "Belfiore et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Int J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.06.049", "pmid": "26118600", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique recently used in pancreatic cancer. In our prospective study we evaluated safety, feasibility and efficacy of a neoadjuvant protocol based on CT-guided percutaneous IRE followed by chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d8d8edbb36bf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of the Pancreas Is Feasible and Safe in a Porcine Survival Model", "authors": "Fritz et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Pancreas", "doi": "10.1097/MPA.0000000000000331", "pmid": "25931252", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Use of thermal tumor ablation in the pancreatic parenchyma is limited because of the risk of pancreatitis, pancreatic fistula, or hemorrhage. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in a porcine model. Methods: Ten pigs were divided into 2 study groups…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2448520616e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Hepatic and Pancreatic Malignancies Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation", "authors": "Gonzalez-Beicos et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Tech Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1053/j.tvir.2015.06.009", "pmid": "26365548", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel therapy that has shown to be a feasible and promising alternative to conventional ablative techniques when treating tumors near vital structures or blood vessels. The clinical efficacy of IRE has been evaluated using established imaging criteria. This study evaluates the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7e5dff4e1ecd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Single-Institution Experience with Irreversible Electroporation for T4 Pancreatic Cancer: First 50 Patients", "authors": "Kluger et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-015-5034-x", "pmid": "26714959", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic tumors is garnering increasing attention. This study was conducted to determine perioperative morbidity and mortality for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods: Prospective data of 50 consecutive patients receiving IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3d733842f5e2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of stage 3 locally advanced pancreatic cancer: optimal technique and outcomes", "authors": "Martin", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Vis Surg", "doi": "10.3978/j.issn.2221-2965.2015.05.02", "pmid": "29075594", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) of stage 3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been used to provide quality of life time in patients who have undergone appropriate induction therapy. The optimal technique has been reported within the literature, but not in video form. IRE of locally advanced pancreatic cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5c46798a7133", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Use of irreversible electroporation in unresectable pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Martin", "year": 2015, "journal": "Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr", "doi": "10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.01.10", "pmid": "26151062", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation is a non-thermal injury ablative modality that has been in clinical use since 2008 in the treatment of locally advanced soft tissue tumors. It has been reported to be utilized intraoperatively, laparoscopically or percutaneously. The method of action of IRE relies on a high voltage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c3ead9bfd446", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intra - operative Anesthesia Management in Patients Undergoing Surgical Irreversible Electroporation of the Pancreas, Liver, Kidney, and Retroperitoneal Tumors", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Anesth Pain Med", "doi": "10.5812/aapm.22786", "pmid": "26161319", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new approach to the management of multiple types of locally advanced soft tissue tumors. Unique peri-procedural anesthetic management is needed in the safe and effective delivery of this therapy. Objectives: This study analyzed IRE therapy in relation to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-44ab522fb1f8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of 200 locally advanced (stage III) pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with irreversible electroporation: safety and efficacy", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Ann Surg", "doi": "10.1097/SLA.0000000000001441", "pmid": "26258317", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Ablative therapies have been increasingly utilized in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an energy delivery system, effective in ablating tumors by inducing irreversible membrane destruction of cells. We aimed to demonstrate efficacy of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "ASA kongre bildirisi sürümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0dca21c8bae6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and feasibility of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: results of a prospective study", "authors": "Paiella et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Dig Surg", "doi": "10.1159/000375323", "pmid": "25765775", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the safety of the NanoKnife Low Energy Direct Current (LEDC) System (Irreversible Electroporation, IRE) in order to treat patients with unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: Prospective, nonrandomized, single-center clinical evaluation of ten patients with a cytohystological diagnosis…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b7564506ab04", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy of irreversible electroporation in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma advanced murine model", "authors": "Philips et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev", "doi": "10.1038/mtm.2015.1", "pmid": "26029712", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising cell membrane ablative modality for pancreatic cancer. There have been recent concerns regarding local recurrence and the potential use of IRE as a debulking (partial ablation) modality. We hypothesize that incomplete ablation leads to early recurrence and a more…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-65da226d4830", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Treated With Irreversible Electroporation Case Report: First Experience and Outcome", "authors": "Trueba-Arguiñarena et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Medicine (Baltimore)", "doi": "10.1097/MD.0000000000000946", "pmid": "26131840", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new nonthermal tumor ablation modality that induces apoptosis in the treated tissue without affecting collagen. Its use is particularly indicated for tumors involving major structures, such as encompassed or infiltrated vessels and/or ducts, which need to be preserved and hinder or preclude surgical resection. We report a 66-year-old male patient with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, treated with IRE.Two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine were administered. After these 2 cycles, IRE ablation was performed with a percutaneous transgastric access under general anesthesia. Later, 4 additional chemotherapy cycles were administrated. At 48 hours of electroporation, blood tests were normal. On day 5, a computed tomography (CT) scan showed portal vein and celiac artery were normal in appearance. Three months later, a positron emission tomography (PET) scan showed disappearance of abnormal uptake in the pancreas and other sites. A 12-month follow-up the patient is disease free.IRE opens a new way to treat tumors with involvement or proximity of neighboring structures. This procedure is more costly than other techniques and is not free of complications. The percutaneous transgastric access is feasible and without serious complications. In our case, complications were resolved and the patient presented a good short/medium-term outcome.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b65cf6fc85a2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation and the pancreas What we know and where we are going", "authors": "Young", "year": 2015, "journal": "World J Gastrointest Surg", "doi": "10.4240/wjgs.v7.i8.138", "pmid": "26328033", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic adenocarcinoma continues to have a poor prognosis with 1 and 5 years survival rates of 27% and 6% respectively. The gold standard of treatment is resection, however, only approximately 10% of patients present with resectable disease. Approximately 40% of patients present with disease that is too locally…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a3d643a15cd3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Bhutiani et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "CSurgeries", "doi": "10.17797/yonbav6fdz", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To explore the efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation combined with natural killer (NK) cells in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). postoperatively. Seven and 30 days after operation IRE-NK group had a notably lower level of CA19-9 than IRE group. After…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-85d88582c8ff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation enhances delivery of gemcitabine to pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Bhutiani et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.24288", "pmid": "27393627", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) utilizes short, high-voltage pulses to irreversibly permeabilize the cell membrane, resulting in apoptotic cell death. In addition to the irreversible zone, IRE creates a reversible zone that could be utilized for enhanced drug delivery. The hypothesis of this study is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-488bb409951b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous ablation of pancreatic cancer", "authors": "D’Onofrio et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9661", "pmid": "27956791", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive tumor with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Prognosis and treatment depend on whether the tumor is resectable or not, which mostly depends on how quickly the diagnosis is made. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be both used in cases of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "filled", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b7f2ee39d6d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer by percutaneous and intraoperative irreversible electroporation: general hospital cancer center experience", "authors": "Lambert et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Neoplasma", "doi": "10.4149/213_150611n326", "pmid": "26774149", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) and the outcome of patients undergoing IRE of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (PC). Twenty-one patients with unresectable PC underwent open (n=19) or percutaneous (n=2) IRE of the tumor using the Nanoknife system with two…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-48e5c04df4ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pain Analysis in Patients with Pancreatic Carcinoma Irreversible Electroporation versus Cryoablation", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Biomed Res Int", "doi": "10.1155/2016/2543026", "pmid": "28074177", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this article is to evaluate and compare the postprocedure pain in patients with pancreatic carcinoma treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and cryoablation (CRYO). We compared 22 patients with 22 lesions in pancreas treated with IRE and 26 patients with 27 lesions treated with cryosurgery. All the patients in the two groups were under celiac plexus block (CPB) treatment to alleviate the postprocedure pain. A numerical rating scale (VAS) consisting of 11-point scales and the 24 h total hydromorphone use were recorded for the analysis of the pain level in the patients who underwent these two technologies separately. Other parameters, such as the complications and the ECOG performance status, were also noted. Statistical analysis was performed by Fisher's exact test, the Chi-square test, and Student's t -test. All the pancreatic carcinoma patients in our study were reported to have postprocedure pain in the two groups. But there was no significant difference in the mean pain score (4.95 (IRE) versus 4.85 (CRYO); P = 0.52) and 24 h total hydromorphone use (3.89 mg (IRE) versus 3.97 mg (CRYO); P = 0.30). IRE is comparable to cryotherapy in the amount of pain that patients with pancreatic carcinoma experience.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dad31879d5dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "An update on the role of irreversible electroporation in locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Martin", "year": 2016, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2016.07.007", "pmid": "27542589", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-b6222adbc334", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: A call for standardization of energy delivery", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.24404", "pmid": "27546233", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is used to treat locally advanced cancers, commonly of the pancreas, liver, kidney, and other soft tissues. Precise eligibility for IRE should be established in each individual patient by a multidisciplinary team based on comprehensive clinical, imaging, and laboratory assessment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-289756abdfcf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer following chemotherapy or radiochemotherapy", "authors": "Månsson et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2016.01.024", "pmid": "26906114", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal based tumor ablation method used close to vessels and ducts and has the potential of treating locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IRE in patients with LAPC after chemo- and/or…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b3816024d23c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Local Ablative Strategies for Ductal Pancreatic Cancer (Radiofrequency Ablation, Irreversible Electroporation): A Review", "authors": "Paiella et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Gastroenterol Res Pract", "doi": "10.1155/2016/4508376", "pmid": "26981115", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has still a dismal prognosis. Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) accounts for the 40% of the new diagnoses. Current treatment options are based on chemo- and radiotherapy regimens. Local ablative techniques seem to be the future therapeutic option for stage-III patients with PDAC. Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) and Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) are actually the most emerging local ablative techniques used on LAPC. Initial clinical studies on the use of these techniques have already demonstrated encouraging results in terms of safety and feasibility. Unfortunately, few studies on their efficacy are currently available. Even though some reports on the overall survival are encouraging, randomized studies are still required to corroborate these findings. This study provides an up-to-date overview and a thematic summary of the current available evidence on the application of RFA and IRE on PDAC, together with a comparison of the two procedures.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bb65386a405c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Role of local ablative techniques (Radiofrequency ablation and Irreversible Electroporation) in the treatment of pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Paiella et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Updates Surg", "doi": "10.1007/s13304-016-0385-9", "pmid": "27535401", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Thanks to continuous research and investment in technology, the ablation of tumors has become common. Through the application of different types of energy is possible to induce cellular injury of the neoplastic tissue, leading to cellular death. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and irreversible electroporation (IRE)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-68bb38f89de5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors", "authors": "Papamichail et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Korean J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg", "doi": "10.14701/kjhbps.2016.20.3.116", "pmid": "27621748", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Backgrounds/aims: Resection or enucleation is currently the treatment of choice for small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Irreversible electroporation is a novel ablative method that is used for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but little data exists for its use for pancreatic NETs. We report an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-00f9b1cb1e7b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Influence of a Metal Stent on the Distribution of Thermal Energy during Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0148457", "pmid": "26844550", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) uses short duration, high-voltage electrical pulses to induce cell death via nanoscale defects resulting from altered transmembrane potential. The technique is gaining interest for ablations in unresectable pancreatic and hepatobiliary cancer. Metal stents are often used for palliative biliary drainage in these patients, but are currently seen as an absolute contraindication for IRE due to the perceived risk of direct heating of the metal and its surroundings. This study investigates the thermal and tissue viability changes due to a metal stent during IRE. Methods: IRE was performed in a homogeneous tissue model (polyacrylamide gel), without and with a metal stent placed perpendicular and parallel to the electrodes, delivering 90 and 270 pulses (15-35 A, 90 μsec, 1.5 cm active tip exposure, 1.5 cm interelectrode distance, 1000-1500 V/cm, 90 pulses/min), and in-vivo in a porcine liver (4 ablations). Temperature changes were measured with an infrared thermal camera and with fiber-optic probes. Tissue viability after in-vivo IRE was investigated macroscopically using 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) vitality staining. Results: In the gel, direct stent-heating was not observed. Contrarily, the presence of a stent between the electrodes caused a higher increase in median temperature near the electrodes (23.2 vs 13.3°C [90 pulses]; p = 0.021, and 33.1 vs 24.8°C [270 pulses]; p = 0.242). In-vivo, no temperature difference was observed for ablations with and without a stent. Tissue examination showed white coagulation 1mm around the electrodes only. A rim of vital tissue remained around the stent, whereas ablation without stent resulted in complete tissue avitality. Conclusion: IRE in the vicinity of a metal stent does not cause notable direct heating of the metal, but results in higher temperatures around the electrodes and remnant viable tissue. Future studies should determine for which clinical indications IRE in the presence of metal stents is safe and effective.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ce61b83a529c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A new technique for minimally invasive irreversible electroporation of tumors in the head and body of the pancreas", "authors": "Stillström et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Surg Endosc", "doi": "10.1007/s00464-016-5173-6", "pmid": "27572065", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Palliative irreversible electroporation of pancreatic adenocarcinomas is rapidly gaining in interest since a large proportion of these patients cannot be radically resected. Methods: This is a description of a minimally invasive approach to irreversible electroporation of pancreatic tumors using computer-assisted navigation, laparoscopy and laparoscopic ultrasound to correctly guide electrodes into the tissue. Results: The procedure is presented. Conclusion: Minimally invasive irreversible electroporation of pancreatic tumors through computer-assisted navigation of needles during laparoscopy is a feasible and accurate approach.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b7c6c44828b7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Tasu et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Diagn Interv Imaging", "doi": "10.1016/j.diii.2016.10.001", "pmid": "27856215", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the solid cancers associated with the poorest prognosis; the only curative treatment remains surgical resection but in most cases, this treatment is not possible because of distant metastasis or local extension. Irreversible electroporation is a new tumor ablation technique, which…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-ca488b5be7", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:4" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e95bcdc8b8c3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Genel Prensipler ve Biyofizik", "applicationSlug": "genel-prensipler", "applicationGroup": "Temel Bilimler", "title": "Time-Dependent Impact of Irreversible Electroporation on Pancreas, Liver, Blood Vessels and Nerves: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies", "authors": "Vogel et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0166987", "pmid": "27870918", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablation technique in the treatment of unresectable cancer. The non-thermal mechanism is thought to cause mostly apoptosis compared to necrosis in thermal techniques. Both in experimental and clinical studies, a waiting time between ablation and tissue or imaging analysis to allow for cell death through apoptosis, is often reported. However, the dynamics of the IRE effect over time remain unknown. Therefore, this study aims to summarize these effects in relation to the time between treatment and evaluation. Methods: A systematic search was performed in Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for original articles using IRE on pancreas, liver or surrounding structures in animal or human studies. Data on pathology and time between IRE and evaluation were extracted. Results: Of 2602 screened studies, 36 could be included, regarding IRE in liver (n = 24), pancreas (n = 4), blood vessels (n = 4) and nerves (n = 4) in over 440 animals (pig, rat, goat and rabbit). No eligible human studies were found. In liver and pancreas, the first signs of apoptosis and haemorrhage were observed 1-2 hours after treatment, and remained visible until 24 hours in liver and 7 days in pancreas after which the damaged tissue was replaced by fibrosis. In solitary blood vessels, the tunica media, intima and lumen remained unchanged for 24 hours. After 7 days, inflammation, fibrosis and loss of smooth muscle cells were demonstrated, which persisted until 35 days. In nerves, the median time until demonstrable histological changes was 7 days. Conclusions: Tissue damage after IRE is a dynamic process with remarkable time differences between tissues in animals. Whereas pancreas and liver showed the first damages after 1-2 hours, this took 24 hours in blood vessels and 7 days in nerves.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-212cc9c33022", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "MR and CT imaging characteristics and ablation zone volumetry of locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Vroomen et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-016-4581-2", "pmid": "27659702", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To assess specific imaging characteristics after irreversible electroporation (IRE) for locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC) with contrast-enhanced (ce)MRI and ceCT, and to explore the correlation of these characteristics with the development of recurrence. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative analyses of imaging data were performed on 25 patients treated with percutaneous IRE for LAPC. Imaging characteristics of the ablation zone on ceCT and ceMRI were assessed over a 6-month follow-up period. Contrast ratio scores between pre- and post-treatment were compared. To detect early imaging markers for treatment failure, attenuation characteristics at 6 weeks were linked to the area of recurrence within 6 months. Results: Post-IRE, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-b800 signal intensities decreased in all cases (p < 0.05). Both ceMRI and ceCT revealed absent or decreased contrast enhancement, with a hyperintense rim on ceMRI. Ablation zone volume increase was noted on both modalities in the first 6 weeks, followed by a decrease (p < 0.05). In the patients developing tumour recurrence (5/25), a focal DWI-b800 hyperintense spot at 6 weeks predated unequivocal recurrence on CT. Conclusion: The most remarkable signal alterations after pancreatic IRE were shown by DWI-b800 and ceMRI. These early imaging characteristics may be useful to establish technical success and predict treatment outcome. Key points: • This study describes imaging characteristics after irreversible electroporation (IRE) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. • Familiarity with typical post-IRE imaging characteristics helps to interpret ablation zones. • Post-IRE, no central and variable rim enhancement are visible on contrast-enhanced imaging. • DWI-b800 may prove useful to predict early tumour recurrence. • Post-IRE examinations reveal an initial volume increase followed by a decrease.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4c0ff749b188", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in the treatment of locally advanced pancreas and liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma", "authors": "Wichtowski et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Contemp Oncol (Pozn)", "doi": "10.5114/wo.2016.57815", "pmid": "27095938", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim of the study: Irreversible electroporation is a new, non-thermal ablation technique in the treatment of parenchymal organ tumors which uses short high voltage pulses of electricity in order to induce apoptosis of targeted cells. In this paper the application of this method of treatment in locally advanced…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d7e4afc7e004", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Single-institution Experience with Open Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma", "authors": "Yan et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Chin Med J (Engl)", "doi": "10.4103/0366-6999.195476", "pmid": "27958223", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC) is characterized by poor prognosis despite recommended concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as a potential option for the management of unresectable pancreatic cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-334b6b5c724f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The role of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review of safety and efficacy", "authors": "Ansari et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Scand J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.1080/00365521.2017.1346705", "pmid": "28687047", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new modality for tumor ablation. Electrodes are placed around the tumor, and a pulsed, direct current with a field strength of 2000 V/cm is delivered. The direct current drives cells into apoptosis and cell death without causing significant heating of the tissues…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4787dd66a61b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Concurrent chemotherapy alone versus irreversible electroporation followed by chemotherapy on survival in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Belfiore et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Med Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12032-017-0887-4", "pmid": "28161827", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most fatal cancers, characterized by aggressive tumor growth and a short patient survival time between diagnosis and death. Safe and effective treatment options are limited, especially in cases when surgical resection is not possible. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2c25a408f28e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationSlug": "kolanjiokarsinom", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation with irreversible electroporation in patients with advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (ALPACA): a multicentre phase I/II feasibility study protocol", "authors": "Coelen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015810", "pmid": "28864693", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: The majority of patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) has locally advanced disease or distant lymph node metastases on presentation or exploratory laparotomy, which makes them not eligible for resection. As the prognosis of patients with locally advanced PHC or lymph node metastases in the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4840b8ed19b2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of locally recurrent pancreatic cancer with 5-year survival", "authors": "Deiters et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Liver Pancreat Sci", "doi": "10.15761/LPS.1000113", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Isolated local recurrence after surgical resection for pancreatic cancer is rare. Current common therapies for recurrence include chemotherapy or chemoradiation. There are few, if any, reports regarding surgical resection of local pancreatic cancer recurrence. This is the first report of using irreversible electroporation (IRE) to treat a pancreatic adenocarcinoma local recurrence and represents a true 5-year survivor and possible cure.\\nCase report: A 50-year-old female initially presented with 2.5 cm mass in the uncinate process of the pancreas suspicious for malignancy. Preoperative endoscopic guided fine needle aspirate (FNA) confirmed adenocarcinoma. She underwent pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with the finding of stage II pancreatic cancer with complete resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. One year later she developed recurrent abdominal pain and restaging scans confirmed a new 2.5 cm lesion in the retroperitoneum. Positron emission tomography (PET) scan confirmed local recurrence. No metastatic disease was identified. She subsequently underwent chemotherapy and radiation therapy with persistent mass lesion present. After a period of stability, she was taken for laparotomy with IRE of the entire retroperitoneal tumor, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. She has been closely monitored with computed tomography (CT) scans and tumor markers. Her most recent scan confirmed complete resolution of the lesion. She is now over 6 years from pancreaticoduodenectomy with no additional signs of pancreatic cancer recurrence.\\nConclusions: Patients with isolated recurrent pancreatic cancer are uncommon and have limited treatment options. IRE is currently used for locally-advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer with promising results. This case serves as an example that IRE can contribute to enhanced long term survival for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, including those with isolated local recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c0ba13d47e52", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Controllable Moderate Heating Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation for Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Edelblute et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-12227-4", "pmid": "28924200", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) as a non-thermal tumor ablation technology has been studied for the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma and has shown a significant survival benefit. We discovered that moderate heating (MH) at 43 °C for 1-2 minutes significantly enhanced ex vivo IRE tumor ablation of Pan02 cells by 5.67-fold at 750 V/cm and by 1.67-fold at 1500 V/cm. This amount of heating alone did not cause cell death. An integrated IRE system with controllable laser heating and tumor impedance monitoring was developed to treat mouse ectopic pancreatic cancer. With this novel IRE system, we were able to heat and maintain the temperature of a targeted tumor area at 42 °C during IRE treatment. Pre-heating the tumor greatly reduced the impedance of tumor and its fluctuation. Most importantly, MHIRE has been demonstrated to significantly extend median survival and achieve a high rate of complete tumor regression. Median survival was 43, 46 and 84 days, for control, IRE with 100 μs, 1 Hz, 90 pulses and electric fields 2000-2500 V/cm and MHIRE treatment respectively. 55.6% of tumor-bearing mice treated with MHIRE were tumor-free, whereas complete tumor regression was not observed in the control and IRE treatment groups.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9a27a2292f08", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for the ablation of pancreatic malignancies A patient‐specific methodology", "authors": "Latouche et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.24566", "pmid": "28185295", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is a focal ablation technique highly attractive to surgical oncologists due to its non-thermal nature that allows for eradication of unresectable tumors in a minimally invasive procedure. In this study, our group sought to address the challenge of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-dff74d731f57", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "An important discovery on combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Oncotarget", "doi": "10.18632/oncotarget.21974", "pmid": "29254205", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To study the safety and clinical efficacy on combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell therapy for treating Stage III/IV pancreatic cancer, evaluating median progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: Adverse events of all patients were limited to grades 1 and 2, including local (mainly tussis 13.4%, nausea and emesis 7.1%, pain of puncture point 29.6% and duodenum and gastric retention 4.3%) and systemic (mainly fatigue 22.3%, fever 31.6%, and transient reduction of intraoperative blood pressure 25.1% and white cell count reduction 18.3%) reactions, fever was the most frequent. The serum amylase level at 24 h and 7 d after IRE was not significantly changed compared to those before IRE ( P > 0.05). CA19-9 value was lower in IRE-NK group than in IRE at 1 month after treatment ( P < 0.05). After a median follow-up of 7.4 months (3.6-11.2 months): in stage III group, median PFS was higher in IRE-NK group (9.3 months) than in IRE group (8.1 months, P = 0.0465), median OS was higher in IRE-NK (13.2 months) than in IRE (11.4 months, P = 0.0411), and median PFS was higher in who received multiple NK than single NK (9.8 months vs.8.1 months, P = 0.0423, respectively), median OS who received multiple NK was higher than single NK (13.9 months vs.12.3 months, P = 0.0524, respectively), the RR in IRE-NK (63.2%) was higher than in IRE (50.0%, P < 0.05); in stage IV group, median OS was higher in IRE-NK (9.8 months) than in IRE (8.7 months, P = 0.0397), the DCR in IRE-NK (66.7%) was higher than in IRE (42.9%, P < 0.05). Materials and methods: Between July 2016 and May 2017, we enrolled 71 patients who met the enrollment criteria. The patients were divided into stage III (32 patients, 17 patients received only IRE and 15 patients received IRE-NK (Irreversible electroporation- natural killer): 8 patients underwent a course of NK and 7 patients underwent ≥ 3 courses) and stage IV (39 patients, 22 patients received only IRE and 17 patients received IRE-NK: 9 patients underwent a course of NK and 8 patients underwent ≥ 3 courses). The safety and short-term effects were evaluated firstly, then the median PFS, median OS, response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were assessed. Conclusions: Combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy significantly increased median PFS and median OS in stage III pancreatic cancer and extended the median OS of stage IV pancreatic cancer. Multiple allogeneic natural killer cells infusion was associated with better prognosis to stage III pancreatic cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5519e246142b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy for patients with unresectable (stage III/IV) pancreatic cancer: a promising treatment", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Cancer Res Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s00432-017-2513-4", "pmid": "28871458", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study was attempted to investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell therapy for treating stage III/IV pancreatic cancer, evaluate median progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Methods: Between…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f84f021e3f75", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Short-term clinical efficacy of percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell for treating metastatic pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Immunol Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.imlet.2017.03.018", "pmid": "28392199", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This study was to determine how the short-term clinical efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell therapy for treating metastatic pancreatic cancer. Between March and December 2016, we enrolled 40 patients who met the enrollment criteria and assigned them to two…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8ecb4bee733c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation as treatment of locally advanced and as margin accentuation in borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Marsanic et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Med Biol Eng Comput", "doi": "10.1007/s11517-016-1603-9", "pmid": "28078482", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "In recent years, many local ablation technologies based on thermal damage have been used in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC) and borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma (BLRPC). However, they are associated with major complications because of possible vascular and ductal damage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9b14faccc254", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multi‐disciplinary management of locally advanced pancreatic cancer with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Martin", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.24640", "pmid": "28475814", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The essential diagnosis for LAPC is based on high-quality cross-sectional imaging, which demonstrates tumor invasion into the celiac/superior mesenteric arteries and/or superior mesenteric/portal venous system that is not reconstructable. The optimal management of these patients is evolving quickly with the advent of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-09ae6164a214", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy of preoperative immunonutrition in locally advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing irreversible electroporation (IRE)", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2017.01.002", "pmid": "28162818", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Improved preoperative immunonutrition has been shown to decrease the length of stay (LOS) and complications among patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal cancer surgeries. The purpose of this study was to determine whether preoperative immunonutrition supplementation decreases postoperative LOS…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bc87d31c06b4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Image-Guided Irreversible Electroporation for the Treatment of Unresectable, Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2016.10.023", "pmid": "27993507", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To describe safety and effectiveness of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) for treatment of unresectable, locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPC). Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 50 patients (23 women, 27 men; age range, 46-91 y; median age, 62.5 y) with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d8aba75685de", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Case report irreversible electroporation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Orcutt et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Int J Surg Case Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.08.052", "pmid": "28941969", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Introduction: For patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who are not candidates for surgical resection, long-term survival is poor, even with currently available systemic and radiation therapy options. However, for those with locally advanced disease who do not have distant metastasis, locoregional control of the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3b7d2d8402b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma a primer for the radiologist", "authors": "Rashid et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Abdom Radiol (NY)", "doi": "10.1007/s00261-017-1349-3", "pmid": "29051982", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is increasingly used for the ablation of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Unlike other ablation technologies that cannot be safely used around critical vasculature or ducts for risk of thermal damage, IRE uses high-voltage pulses to disrupt cellular membranes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-09a6be711302", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ablation of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer with Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation: Results of the Phase I/II PANFIRE Study", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2016152835", "pmid": "27604035", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose To (a) investigate the safety of percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) for locally advanced pancreatic cancer and (b) evaluate the quality of life (QOL), pain perception, and efficacy in terms of time to local progression, event-free survival, and overall survival (OS). Materials and Methods The…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-65b25391db45", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Physical and Chemical Enhancement of and Adaptive Resistance to Irreversible Electroporation of Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Shao et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-017-1932-3", "pmid": "28983745", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) can be used to treat cancer by electrical pulses, with advantages over traditional thermal approaches. Here we assess for the first time the IRE response of pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest forms of cancer, both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that both established and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-58dbfd75e4ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation: Safety and Efficacy of Next-Generation Irreversible Electroporation Adjacent to Critical Hepatic Structures", "authors": "Siddiqui et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Surg Innov", "doi": "10.1177/1553350617692202", "pmid": "28492356", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablation modality employed to induce in situ tissue-cell death. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of a novel high-frequency IRE (H-FIRE) system to perform hepatic ablations across, or adjacent to, critical vascular and biliary structures. Using ultrasound…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6666c15a6764", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Postoperative inflammation as a possible cause of portal vein thrombosis after irreversible electroporation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Su et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v23.i32.6003", "pmid": "28932093", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare but serious postoperative complication associated with irreversible electroporation (IRE). We report a case of postoperative PVT in a 54-year-old woman who underwent IRE for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Drain removal and discharge of the patient from the hospital were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-15e923b685b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Resection or Irreversible Electroporation in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (IMPALA): A Prospective Cohort Study", "authors": "Vogel et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-017-5900-9", "pmid": "28560601", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Following induction chemotherapy, both resection or irreversible electroporation (IRE) may further improve survival in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). However, prospective studies combining these strategies are currently lacking, and available studies only report on subgroups that…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cd2732d736ad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "3:27 PM Abstract No. 184 Using FDG PET/CT to predict response to IRE in nonresectable pancreatic cancer: a retrospective analysis of 50 patients", "authors": "Amin et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.207", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "No. 184 Using FDG PET/CT to predict response to IRE in nonresectable pancreatic cancer: a retrospective analysis of 50 patients Purpose: To assess the ability of FDG PET/CT to predict outcome following irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients with unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Materials: This…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Objektif yanıt", "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-09bdaf296054", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The efficacy of combination of induction chemotherapy and irreversible electroporation ablation for patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Huang et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.25110", "pmid": "29878378", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal focal therapy that utilizes high voltage electric pulses to permanently rupture the cellular membrane and induce cell death. In this multi-center study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of IRE in patients with locally advanced…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-30ea617e97c8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "EUS-guided irreversible electroporation using endoscopic needle-electrode in porcine pancreas", "authors": "Lee et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Surg Endosc", "doi": "10.1007/s00464-018-6425-4", "pmid": "30374794", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: Endoscopic irreversible electroporation (IRE) can be performed using a flexible, thin, needle-shaped electrode for an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided procedure. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of performing EUS-guided IRE with endoscopic needle-electrode in porcine pancreas…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2f2e5201f3d7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation with systemic treatment for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Leen et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.21037/jgo.2018.01.14", "pmid": "29755766", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: The prognosis for unresectable locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPC) remains poor. There is increasing interest in modern ablative techniques to improve outcomes. We report on the potential value of integrating percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients undergoing systemic…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2062b4700431", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Circulating Tumor DNA as a Sensitive Marker in Patients Undergoing Irreversible Electroporation for Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Cell Physiol Biochem", "doi": "10.1159/000490874", "pmid": "29940591", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/aims: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in extremely poor 5-year survival. Late diagnosis of PDAC is mainly due to lack of a reliable method of early detection. Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 is often used as a tumor biomarker in PDAC; however, the test lacks sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, new sensitive and minimally invasive diagnostic tools are required to detect pancreatic cancer. Methods: Here, we investigated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) which contained KRAS-mutated as a potential diagnostic tool for PDAC patients who underwent irreversible electroporation (IRE). We used droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) to detect the expression of KRAS-mutated genes in plasma samples of 65 PDAC patients who underwent IRE. Results: In these 65 cases, ctDNA was detected in 20 (29.2%) samples. The median overall survival (OS) was 11.4 months with ctDNA+ patients and 14.3 months for ctDNA- patients. ctDNA+ patients had a obviously poorer prognosis associated to overall survival (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results suggested that the existence of ctDNA was a predictor of survival for PDAC patients. Therefore, ctDNA may be a new sensitive biomarker for monitoring treatment outcome in PDAC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fb46627c49cd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Palliative therapy in pancreatic cancer-interventional treatment with radiofrequency ablation/irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Paiella et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol", "doi": "10.21037/tgh.2018.10.05", "pmid": "30505967", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a solid tumor with still a dismal prognosis. Diagnosis is usually late, when the disease is metastatic or locally advanced (LAPC). Only 20% of PC are amenable to surgery at the time of diagnosis and the vast majority of them, despite radically resected will unavoidably recur. The treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-66a7d97fed86", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma for margin accentuation", "authors": "Papoulas et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Surg Case Rep", "doi": "10.1093/jscr/rjy127", "pmid": "29942475", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Achieving clear microscopic resection margins following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is challenging particularly in borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma (BRPC). Positive resection margins has been identified as a major independent prognostic factor. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as a promising…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a608a2bf0c7a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Hepatopancreaticobiliary Tumours", "authors": "Ruarus et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Can Assoc Radiol J", "doi": "10.1016/j.carj.2017.10.005", "pmid": "29458954", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Hepatopancreaticobiliary tumours are often diagnosed at an advanced disease stage, in which encasement or invasion of local biliary or vascular structures has already occurred. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an image-guided tumour ablation technique that induces cell death by exposing the tumour to high-voltage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c55c04432cc9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Syngeneic Pancreatic Cancer Mouse Model to Study the Effects of Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Shankara Narayanan et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Vis Exp", "doi": "10.3791/57265", "pmid": "29939178", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer (PC), a disease which kills approximately 40,000 patients each year in the US, has successfully evaded several therapeutic approaches including the promising immunotherapeutic strategies. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique that induces tumor cell death without…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f418f542c259", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Histological analysis of human pancreatic carcinoma following irreversible electroporation in a nude mouse model", "authors": "Su et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "World J Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.4251/wjgo.v10.i12.476", "pmid": "30595801", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim: To determine changes in the morphology and function of pancreatic cancer cells after irreversible electroporation (IRE) treatment, and to explore the clinical significance of IRE treatment for pancreatic cancer providing an experimental basis for the clinical application of IRE treatment. Methods: IRE was carried…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-484edfb38cb8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Nonthermal Tumor Ablation in Patients with Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Initial Clinical Experience in Japan", "authors": "Sugimoto et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Intern Med", "doi": "10.2169/internalmedicine.0861-18", "pmid": "29984761", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective To evaluate irreversible electroporation (IRE) for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Methods This study was approved by our local review board. Eight patients with histologically proven LAPC ≤5 cm were prospectively enrolled to undergo ultrasound-guided IRE. The primary endpoint was complications…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-21ea652e107f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of locally advanced solid pseudopapillary carcinoma of the pancreas: A case report", "authors": "Tarantino et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Ann Med Surg (Lond)", "doi": "10.1016/j.amsu.2018.01.009", "pmid": "29552341", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Solid pseudopapillary Carcinoma (SPC) is a rare pancreatic Tumor with variable, usually low, malignancy potential. Howewer, several SPC are associated with aggressive behavior, local vascular infiltration, organ invasion, distant metastasis, and can be unresectable. Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-772cba2000bf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer through a minimally invasive surgery supported by laparoscopic ultrasound", "authors": "Tartaglia et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Int J Surg Case Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.12.036", "pmid": "29335228", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, with 5-years survival rate as low as 6%. The majority of pancreatic cancer patients present locally advanced or metastatic disease at diagnosis. Typically, patients affected by locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) do not undergo radical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2c4c60c9c1dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer How Important Is the New Weapon", "authors": "Tian et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Biomed Res Int", "doi": "10.1155/2018/5193067", "pmid": "29854763", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a deadly disease with poor prognosis in the general population. We aimed to quantitate overall survival of patients with PC after irreversible electroporation (IRE) and the incidence of relevant complications. Methods We performed a literature search via five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases) up to August 2017. The primary outcomes were overall survival and prognosis. Secondary outcomes included the response of post-IRE complications. Fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool these data. Results A total of 15 eligible articles involving 535 patients were included. The primary outcomes showed that the pooled prevalence estimates of overall survival were 94.1% (95% CI: 90.7-97.5), 80.9% (95% CI: 72.5-89.4), 54.5% (95% CI: 38.3-70.6), and 33.8% (95% CI: 14.2-53.5) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, and the pooled prevalence data of complete response (CR) at 2 months, partial response (PR) at 3 months, and progression at 3 months were 12.5% (95% CI: 2.9-22.2), 48.5% (95% CI: 39.4-57.6), and 19.7% (95% CI: 7.3-32.2), respectively. The secondary outcomes showed that the pooled prevalence values of post-IRE complications were abscess 6.6% (95% CI: 0.2-13), fistula 10.6% (95% CI: 2.5-18.7), pain 33.5% (95% CI: 14.5-52.5), infection 16.1% (95% CI: 3.9-28.4), thrombosis 4.9% (95% CI: 1.2-8.5), pancreatitis 7.2% (95% CI: 3.1-11.2), bleeding 4.2% (95% CI: -0.5-8.9), cholangitis 4.2% (95% CI: -0.5-8.9), nausea 9.6% (95% CI: 4.4-14.8), biliary obstruction 13.8% (95% CI: 4.2-23.3), chest tightness 7.6% (95% CI: 0.5-14.6), and hypoglycemia 5.9% (95% CI: -0.4-12.2). Conclusions This meta-analysis indicated a clear survival benefit for PC patients who received irreversible electroporation therapy, although future safety and effectivity monitoring from more large-scale studies will be needed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7b04457cc076", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "18 F-FDG PET Biomarkers Help Detect Early Metabolic Response to Irreversible Electroporation and Predict Therapeutic Outcomes in a Rat Liver Tumor Model", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2017170920", "pmid": "29232185", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose To test the hypothesis that biomarkers of fluorine 18 ( 18 F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) can be used for the early detection of therapeutic response to irreversible electroporation (IRE) of liver tumor in a rodent liver tumor model. Materials and Methods The institutional…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-df6af81b3583", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Early Immunologic Response of Irreversible Electroporation versus Cryoablation in a Rodent Model of Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "White et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2018.07.009", "pmid": "30316676", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate the differences in immune responses between cryoablation and irreversible electroporation (IRE) in a preclinical mouse model. Material and methods: A mouse pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-2) was implanted in the bilateral flanks of mice, and tumor-bearing mice were divided into 6 groups. One…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0d598fa8ebd8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Is there a role in conjunction with conventional treatment?", "authors": "de Liguori Carino et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2018.07.047", "pmid": "30146253", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is rapidly increasing. Up to 30% of patients present with locally advanced disease and therefore are not candidates for surgery. Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is an emerging entity lacking in level III evidence-based recommendations for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-161e4e5d5398", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation: Background, Theory, and Review of Recent Developments in Clinical Oncology", "authors": "Aycock", "year": 2019, "journal": "Bioelectricity", "doi": "10.1089/bioe.2019.0029", "pmid": "34471825", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has established a clinical niche as an alternative to thermal ablation for the eradication of unresectable tumors, particularly those near critical vascular structures. IRE has been used in over 50 independent clinical trials and has shown clinical success when used as a standalone treatment and as a single component within combinatorial treatment paradigms. Recently, many studies evaluating IRE in larger patient cohorts and alongside other novel therapies have been reported. Here, we present the basic principles of reversible electroporation and IRE followed by a review of preclinical and clinical data with a focus on tumors in three organ systems in which IRE has shown great promise: the prostate, pancreas, and liver. Finally, we discuss alternative and future developments, which will likely further advance the use of IRE in the clinic.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7b27af92261b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Real-time prediction of patient immune cell modulation during irreversible electroporation therapy", "authors": "Beitel-White", "year": 2019, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-019-53974-w", "pmid": "31780711", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Immunotherapies have demonstrated limited efficacy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients despite their success in treating other tumor types. This limitation is largely due to the relatively immunosuppressive environment surrounding the tumor. A focal ablative technique called irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been shown to modulate this environment, enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy. One enhancing factor related to improved prognosis is a decrease in regulatory T cells (T reg ). This decrease has been previously unpredictable for clinicians using IRE, who currently have limited real-time metrics for determining the activation of the patient's immune response. Here, we report that larger overall changes in output current are correlated with larger decreases in T cell populations 24 hours post-treatment. This result suggests that clinicians can make real-time decisions regarding optimal follow-up therapy based on the range of output current delivered during treatment. This capability could maximize the immunomodulating effect of IRE in synergy with follow-up immunotherapy. Additionally, these results suggest that feedback from a preliminary IRE treatment of the local tumor may help inform clinicians regarding the timing and choice of subsequent therapies, such as resection, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or follow-up thermal or non-thermal ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-98424aeda0b1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of the Pancreas", "authors": "Chan et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Semin Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1055/s-0039-1693980", "pmid": "31435129", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively recent method of ablation. In contrast to many ablation devices that use thermal methods to induce cell death, IRE employs the use of an electric field to cause irreversible permeability of the cell membrane, thus inducing apoptosis. Since its use in the pancreas was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ef4a9632e1f4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Quality of life assessment for patients undergoing irreversible electroporation (IRE) for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC)", "authors": "Field et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Am J Surg", "doi": "10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.03.020", "pmid": "30979429", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: IRE is a non-thermal ablative modality that has been shown to be safe and efficacious in LAPC and liver tumors, but few studies have shown its effects on patients' (QOL). The goal of this study is to evaluate quality-of-life (QOL) before and after irreversible electroporation (IRE) therapy for treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e7fb453b5ef5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer with irreversible electroporation - a Danish single center study of safety and feasibility", "authors": "Flak et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Scand J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.1080/00365521.2019.1575465", "pmid": "30907286", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel non-thermal ablative technique applied in the treatment of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). This paper reports on the initial experience with IRE of unresectable LAPC in our institution. Methods: From October 2013 to March 2018, patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ef3de3995eab", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Intraoperative Irreversible Electroporation in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Guide for the Interventional Radiologist", "authors": "Frey et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Semin Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1055/s-0039-1697640", "pmid": "31798212", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Efforts to improve mortality associated with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) have shown minimal gains despite advances in surgical technique, systemic treatments, and radiation therapy. Locoregional therapy with ablation has not been routinely adopted due to the high risk of complications associated with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-77b7e928614c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Immunomodulatory Effect after Irreversible Electroporation in Patients with Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Oncol", "doi": "10.1155/2019/9346017", "pmid": "31214261", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective method for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect after IRE and to evaluate the prognostic value of variations of the immune parameters in LAPC patients after IRE. Methods Peripheral blood samples of 34 patients were obtained preoperatively and on the third day (D3) and seventh day (D7) after IRE, respectively. The phenotypes of lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry, and dynamic changes of serum levels of cytokines, complement, and immunoglobulin were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and concordance index (C-index) were used to compare the survival predictive ability. Results There was a transitory decrease followed by a steady increase for CD4 + T cell, CD8 + T cell, NK cell, IL-2, C3, C4, and IgG while a reverse trend was detected for Treg cell, IL-6, and IL10 after IRE. The alteration of CD8 + T cell between D3 and D7 was identified as a prognostic factor for both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The values of ROC curve (AUC) and C-indexes of the alteration of CD8 + T cell for OS and PFS were 0.816 and 0.773 and 0.816 and 0.639, respectively, which were larger than those of other immune or inflammation-based indexes. Conclusions This study presented the first evidence of IRE-based immunomodulatory in patients with LAPC. The alteration of CD8 + T cell between D3 and D7 showed relatively good performance and could be used as an effective tool for prognostic evaluation for LAPC patients after IRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-27228604d16a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation versus radiotherapy after induction chemotherapy on survival in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a propensity score analysis", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s12885-019-5607-3", "pmid": "31029111", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) represents more than one third of pancreatic cancers and owns poor survival after the standard chemotherapy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel method and has been recently used in LAPC. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of IRE and radiotherapy after induction chemotherapy for patients with LAPC. Methods: From August 2015 to August 2017, a total of 76 patients with biopsy proven LAPC and who had received IRE or radiotherapy after chemotherapy were included. Thirty-two pairs of patients were selected through propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and the efficacy of two treatments was compared. Results: Before PSM analysis, after induction chemotherapy, patients with LAPC benefited more in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) from IRE, compared with radiotherapy (2-year OS rates, 53.5% vs 26.9%, p = 0.039; 2-year PFS rates, 28.4% vs 13.3%, p = 0.045). After PSM analysis, the survival benefits of OS and PFS of patients after induction chemotherapy followed by IRE were more obvious than those of patients treated with radiotherapy (2-year OS rates, 53.5% vs 20.7%, p = 0.011; 2-year PFS rates, 28.4% vs 5.6%, p = 0.004). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that IRE after induction chemotherapy was identified as a significant favourable factor for both OS and PFS in both the whole and matched cohort. Conclusions: Induction chemotherapy followed by IRE is superior to induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy for treating LAPC. A randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of IRE and radiotherapy after the induction chemotherapy is therefore considerable.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dc1cb831706b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A prospective, multi-institution assessment of irreversible electroporation for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: initial outcomes from the AHPBA pancreatic registry", "authors": "Holland et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2018.12.004", "pmid": "30737097", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: The optimal treatment and management of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) remains unclear and controversial. This study aimed to report the initial outcomes of the AHPBA Registry and evaluate the reproducibility of existing evidence that the addition of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE), a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a58f79bac0c1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "03:54 PM Abstract No. 284 Initial experience of irreversible electroporation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer in Korean population", "authors": "Kwon et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.348", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kongre Özeti", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel technique that uses a non-thermal ablation to avoid vessel or duct injury. Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of IRE for the management of LAPC in a Korean…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-49e14f9b3b31", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Systematic Review of Irreversible Electroporation Role in Management of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Lafranceschina", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers11111718", "pmid": "31684186", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Ablative techniques provide in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) symptomatic relief, survival benefit and potential downsizing. Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) represents potentially an ideal solution as no thermal tissue damage occurs. The purpose of this review is to present an overview on safety, feasibility, oncological results, survival and quality of life improvement obtained by IRE. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, regarding the use of IRE on PC in humans for studies published in English up to March 2019. Results: 15 original studies embodying 691 patients with unresectable LAPC who underwent IRE were included. As emerged, IRE works better on tumour sizes between 3-4 cm. Oncological results are promising: median OS from diagnosis or treatment up to 27 months. Two groups investigated borderline resectable tumours treated with IRE before resection with margin attenuation, whereas IRE has proved to be effective in pain control. Conclusions: Electroporation is bringing new hopes in LAPC management. The first aim of IRE is to offer a palliative treatment. Further efforts are needed for patient selection, as well as the use of IRE for 'margin accentuation' during surgical resection. Even if promising, IRE needs to be validated in large, randomized, prospective series.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e35ee1bdc25e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation combined with chemotherapy for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma: a prospective cohort study", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Onco Targets Ther", "doi": "10.2147/OTT.S186721", "pmid": "30863100", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Objective: We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with chemotherapy for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma (stage III/IV). Methods: We prospectively enrolled 54 patients (30 men; median age 61.0 years; range 41-73 years) undergoing IRE with or without chemotherapy…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-647c49778cf2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Systematic Review of Surgical and Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Moris et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-019-07261-7", "pmid": "30843163", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: The aim of the present systematic review was to collect, analyze, and critically evaluate the role of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Furthermore, we sought to analyze the different approaches of IRE (open, laparoscopic, and percutaneous) and assess the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7809c5060338", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Value of CA19-9 After Irreversible Electroporation for Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "MÅNSSON et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.13827", "pmid": "31704847", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/aim: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is a tumor marker for pancreatic cancer. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an experimental treatment modality for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether percutaneous IRE lowers the CA19-9 level in pancreatic cancer and whether this…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-678f07044d5d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation as First-line Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Månsson et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.13371", "pmid": "31092446", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background/aim: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has recently been used as an experimental ablation treatment following systemic chemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate survival of LAPC patients after IRE prior to chemotherapy. The secondary aim was to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c8f95d513881", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Combined with Checkpoint Blockade and TLR7 Stimulation Induces Antitumor Immunity in a Murine Pancreatic Cancer Model", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Cancer Immunol Res", "doi": "10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-19-0101", "pmid": "31409607", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablation technique that is used clinically in selected patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer, but most patients develop recurrent distant metastatic disease. We hypothesize that IRE can induce an in situ vaccination effect by releasing tumor neoantigens in…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-69ed13125923", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Experimental High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Using a Single-Needle Delivery Approach for Nonthermal Pancreatic Ablation In Vivo", "authors": "O’Brien et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2019.01.032", "pmid": "31126597", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of single-needle high-frequency irreversible electroporation (SN-HFIRE) to create reproducible tissue ablations in an in vivo pancreatic swine model. Materials and methods: SN-HFIRE was performed in swine pancreas in vivo in the absence of intraoperative paralytics or cardiac…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bbfb25d4c5da", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluating the Regulatory Immunomodulation Effect of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Pandit et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-018-07144-3", "pmid": "30610562", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been demonstrated as an effective local method for locally advanced (stage 3) pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Immune regulatory T cells (Tregs) induce immunosuppression of tumors by inhibiting patients' anti-tumor adaptive immune response. This study aimed to evaluate the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7b06be21e571", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in a case of pancreatic leiomyosarcoma: a novel weapon versus a rare malignancy?", "authors": "Papalampros et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "World J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1186/s12957-018-1553-9", "pmid": "30611280", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Primary pancreatic leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare entity that needs high clinical suspicion in order to diagnose it at an early stage. Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management still remain challenging and controversial, especially in advanced stages, when tumor invades adjacent vessels and organs or gives distant metastases. Case presentation: Herein, we describe a case of a 57-year-old woman suffering from advanced pancreatic leiomyosarcoma with thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein, as well as liver lesions which were suspicious for metastasis. Multidisciplinary team decided for upfront chemotherapy to assess tumor response. Follow-up imaging after the completion of chemotherapy led tumor board to decide for subsequent surgical exploration. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and irreversible electroporation ablation of the pancreatic tumor. Postoperative course was uneventful, and she was discharged 10 days later with a plan to receive adjuvant therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pancreatic leiomyosarcoma ever reported, treated with this novel technique of irreversible electroporation that could be an alternative and feasible way for the management of these rare malignancies. Conclusions: In conclusion, primary pancreatic leiomyosarcoma is a rare and highly malignant tumor associated with poor prognosis. Nowadays, R0 surgical resection remains the cornerstone treatment, combined with adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to resection. In the advanced setting, when major vessel invasion and distant metastases occur, chemotherapy along with irreversible electroporation ablation could be a helpful and possibly effective modality for the management of this highly aggressive tumor.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0d206c4ad614", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic cancer transiently alleviates immune suppression and creates a window for antitumor T cell activation", "authors": "Scheffer et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.1080/2162402X.2019.1652532", "pmid": "31646081", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose : Local tumor ablation through irreversible electroporation (IRE) may offer a novel therapeutic option for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). It may also serve as a means of in vivo vaccination. To obtain evidence of the induction of systemic antitumor immunity following local IRE-mediated ablation, we…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-97fd7047be4e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "ASO Author Reflections Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Tsilimigras et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-019-07436-2", "pmid": "31087182", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Ann Surg Oncol (2019) 26:S610–S611 https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07436-2 ASO AUTHOR REFLECTIONS ASO Author Reflections: Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Diamantis I. Tsilimigras, MD1,2, Dimitrios Moris, MD, PhD1,3, and Timothy M. Pawlik, MD, MPH, PhD4 1 Department of Surgery, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH; 2First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; 3Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; 4Department of Surgery, The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH PAST Although current chemotherapeutic regimens, including gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel and FOLFIRINOX, have increased the resectability rates of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC),1,2 a large proportion of patients with LAPC remain ineligible for curative-intent resection.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-89e74de8ca16", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Is irreversible electroporation safe and effective in the treatment of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers?", "authors": "Wu et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.hbpd.2019.01.001", "pmid": "30655073", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablative technique for hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers. This review summarizes the data regarding the safety and efficacy of IRE in the treatment of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers. Data sources: Studies were identified by searching PubMed and Embase…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-77fb20fe7710", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation reverses resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Zhao et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Nat Commun", "doi": "10.1038/s41467-019-08782-1", "pmid": "30796212", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Immunotherapy has only limited efficacy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor-associated stroma. Here, we demonstrate an effective modulation of that stroma by irreversible electroporation (IRE), a local ablation technique that has received regulatory approval in the United States. IRE induces immunogenic cell death, activates dendritic cells, and alleviates stroma-induced immunosuppression without depleting tumor-restraining collagen. The combination of IRE and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD1) immune checkpoint blockade promotes selective tumor infiltration by CD8 + T cells and significantly prolongs survival in a murine orthotopic PDAC model with a long-term memory immune response. Our results suggest that IRE is a promising approach to potentiate the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in PDAC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-dd43549d70e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "HyCHEED System for Maintaining Stable Temperature Control during Preclinical Irreversible Electroporation Experiments at Clinically Relevant Temperature and Pulse Settings", "authors": "Agnass et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Sensors (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/s20216227", "pmid": "33142821", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Electric permeabilization of cell membranes is the main mechanism of irreversible electroporation (IRE), an ablation technique for treatment of unresectable cancers, but the pulses also induce a significant temperature increase in the treated volume. To investigate the therapeutically thermal contribution, a preclinical setup is required to apply IRE at desired temperatures while maintaining stable temperatures. This study's aim was to develop and test an electroporation device capable of maintaining a pre-specified stable and spatially homogeneous temperatures and electric field in a tumor cell suspension for several clinical-IRE-settings. A hydraulically controllable heat exchange electroporation device (HyCHEED) was developed and validated at 37 °C and 46 °C. Through plate electrodes, HyCHEED achieved both a homogeneous electric field and homogenous-stable temperatures; IRE heat was removed through hydraulic cooling. IRE was applied to 300 μL of pancreatic carcinoma cell suspension (Mia PaCa-2), after which cell viability and specific conductivity were determined. HyCHEED maintained stable temperatures within ±1.5 °C with respect to the target temperature for multiple IRE-settings at the selected temperature levels. An increase of cell death and specific conductivity, including post-treatment, was found to depend on electric-field strength and temperature. HyCHEED is capable of maintaining stable temperatures during IRE-experiments. This provides an excellent basis to assess the contribution of thermal effects to IRE and other bio-electromagnetic techniques.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-47667c50969b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Electrochemotherapy with Irreversible Electroporation and FOLFIRINOX Improves Survival in Murine Models of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Bhutiani et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-020-08782-2", "pmid": "32681477", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Previously published work has demonstrated that combining gemcitabine with irreversible electroporation (IRE) results in increased drug delivery to pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells in vivo. This study assessed the efficacy of IRE + gemcitabine and IRE + FOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-011be1f424d5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Patient Derived Xenografts Expand Human Primary Pancreatic Tumor Tissue Availability for ex vivo Irreversible Electroporation Testing", "authors": "Brock et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2020.00843", "pmid": "32528898", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "New methods of tumor ablation have shown exciting efficacy in pre-clinical models but often demonstrate limited success in the clinic. Due to a lack of quality or quantity in primary malignant tissue specimens, therapeutic development and optimization studies are typically conducted on healthy tissue or cell-line derived rodent tumors that don't allow for high resolution modeling of mechanical, chemical, and biological properties. These surrogates do not accurately recapitulate many critical components of the tumor microenvironment that can impact in situ treatment success. Here, we propose utilizing patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to propagate clinically relevant tumor specimens for the optimization and development of novel tumor ablation modalities. Specimens from three individual pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients were utilized to generate PDX models. This process generated 15-18 tumors that were allowed to expand to 1.5 cm in diameter over the course of 50-70 days. The PDX tumors were morphologically and pathologically identical to primary tumor tissue. Likewise, the PDX tumors were also found to be physiologically superior to other in vitro and ex vivo models based on immortalized cell lines. We utilized the PDX tumors to refine and optimize irreversible electroporation (IRE) treatment parameters. IRE, a novel, non-thermal tumor ablation modality, is being evaluated in a diverse range of cancer clinical trials including pancreatic cancer. The PDX tumors were compared against either Pan02 mouse derived tumors or resected tissue from human PDAC patients. The PDX tumors demonstrated similar changes in electrical conductivity and Joule heating following IRE treatment. Computational modeling revealed a high similarity in the predicted ablation size of the PDX tumors that closely correlate with the data generated with the primary human pancreatic tumor tissue. Gene expression analysis revealed that IRE treatment resulted in an increase in biological pathway signaling associated with interferon gamma signaling, necrosis and mitochondria dysfunction, suggesting potential co-therapy targets. Together, these findings highlight the utility of the PDX system in tumor ablation modeling for IRE and increasing clinical application efficacy. It is also feasible that the use of PDX models will significantly benefit other ablation modality testing beyond IRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-93101dfeade3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Karaciğer Tümörleri", "applicationSlug": "karaciger-tumorleri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ultrasound and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Findings after Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Hepatic Malignant Tumors", "authors": "Chai et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Ultrasound Med Biol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.12.012", "pmid": "31924420", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of this study was to describe ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) findings immediately and 1 d after percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of hepatic malignant tumors. Immediately after IRE, the ablation zone was shown to be a gradually expanding hypo-echoic area around the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5105936a6698", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The efficacy and safety of the open approach irreversible electroporation in the treatment of pancreatic cancer: A systematic review", "authors": "Charalambous et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2020.05.017", "pmid": "32536525", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is a novel non-thermal ablation technique used in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), in the proximity of sensitive structures such as vessels, intestinal wall and the bile duct. Currently, it is only used in the setting of clinical trials. This…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cfe4991ae5f2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A Novel Prediction Tool Based on Large Cohorts to Determine the Cancer-Specific Survival Probability of Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer After Irreversible Electroporation Treatment", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2020.00952", "pmid": "32695671", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel method which was especially suitable for the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate probabilities of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with LAPC after IRE treatment and to construct nomograms to predict survival for these patients. Data of patients were retrospectively collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and medical records of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC). A total of 312 LAPC patients after IRE treatment were included into this study. The 3-year cumulative incidence of cancer-specific mortality for patients with LAPC after IRE treatment was 74.3%. Nomograms for predicting probabilities of OS, CSS, and non-cancer-specific survival (NCSS) were built and calibrated with the concordance index (C-index) and the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). The established nomograms were well-calibrated, with C-indexes of 0.782 for OS prediction, 0.729 for CSS prediction, and 0.730 for NCSS prediction. Compared with the TNM stage system, the established nomograms displayed higher values of AUC and showed better discriminatory power for predicting OS, CSS, and NCSS. These nomograms were well-calibrated and could serve to guide management of LAPC patients after IRE treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-fd1804e04a6b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparison of Survival Between Irreversible Electroporation Followed by Chemotherapy and Chemotherapy Alone for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2020.00006", "pmid": "32038984", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) has a dismal prognosis even after standard chemotherapy, and local progression contributes to nearly one-third of the deaths of these patients. As a local destructive method, irreversible electroporation (IRE) can feasibly treat LAPC. The aim of this study was to evaluate IRE combined with chemotherapy as a new treatment and compare its efficacy with that of chemotherapy alone in patients with LAPC. The data of LAPC patients who received chemotherapy with or without IRE were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and medical records of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC). The efficacy of these two treatments was compared using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. LAPC patients treated with the combination therapy had better overall survival (OS). Significantly higher cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were also observed in patients after IRE combined with chemotherapy, compared with chemotherapy alone. IRE combined with chemotherapy was established as a favorable factor for OS, CSS, and PFS in LAPC patients. This combination method may be a more suitable treatment for patients with LAPC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-73850bdf197a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Comparison of combination therapies in the management of locally advanced pancreatic cancer: Induction chemotherapy followed by irreversible electroporation vs radiofrequency ablation", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Cancer Med", "doi": "10.1002/cam4.3119", "pmid": "32410380", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) remains a challenge for current treatments. Local destructive therapies, such as irreversible electroporation (IRE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), were used more and more frequently in the treatment of LAPC. Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of IRE with RFA in patients with LAPC. Methods: From August 2015 to August 2017, 58 LAPC patients after IRE or RFA therapy, which was performed through open approach, were retrospectively reviewed. The survival outcomes after IRE (36 patients) and RFA (18 patients) were compared after propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Results: Before PSM analysis, IRE after the induction chemotherapy resulted in significant higher overall survival (OS) rates and progression-free survival (PFS) rates to RFA (2-year OS, 53.5% vs 30.8%, P = .013; 2-year PFS, 28.4% vs 12.1%, P = .043). After PSM analysis, compared with RFA, the survival benefit of IRE was even more obvious, (2-year OS, 53.5% vs 27.0%, P = .010; 2-year PFS, 28.4% vs 6.4%, P = .018). For patients with tumor larger than 4 cm, IRE resulted in comparable OS and PFS between RFA and IRE while IRE also achieved better long-term OS to RFA for those with tumor smaller than 4 cm. Multivariate analysis illustrated that IRE was a favorable prognostic factor in terms of OS and PFS in patients with LAPC. Conclusions: IRE after induction chemotherapy is superior to RFA after induction chemotherapy for treating LAPC patients while these two therapies have comparable efficacy for tumors which were larger than 4 cm.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3aec181ba313", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation after induction chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: A propensity score matching analysis", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Pancreatology", "doi": "10.1016/j.pan.2020.02.009", "pmid": "32131993", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is a devastating disease and irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation method that is especially suitable for the treatment of LAPC. This study aimed to compare the long-term survival of LAPC patients after induction chemotherapy followed by IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-171c12f45a79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "T-cell activation and immune memory enhancement induced by irreversible electroporation in pancreatic cancer", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Clin Transl Med", "doi": "10.1002/ctm2.39", "pmid": "32508058", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation is shown to induce immune changes in pancreatic cancer while the histology evidences are still lacking. The aim of this study is to show the immune changes in histology and explore whether irreversible electroporation (IRE) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells and activate specific immune responses. Methods: Subcutaneous and orthotopic pancreatic cancer models were established and used to evaluate the effect of immune modulation of IRE. The infiltration of T cells was assessed in several tissue samples before and after IRE. Abscopal effect was then assessed by comparing the tumor growth of subcutaneous tumors after in situ ablation with IRE or exposure to tumor culture supernatant (TSN) of IRE-treated Pan02. The expression of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) of tumor cells after IRE was detected in vitro. Results: IRE could significantly suppress the tumor growth and increase the infiltration of CD8 + T cells. After ablation with IRE or stimulation with TSN of Pan02 treated by IRE, the growth of untreated tumor was suppressed and the effector CD8 + T cells and memory T cells increased significantly in mice. Additionally, the inhibition effect of tumor growth increased along with the increasing strength levels of electroporation. IRE induced ICD of tumor cells by increasing the synthesis and secretion of DAMPs. Conclusions: IRE induced local immunomodulation by increasing specific T cells infiltration. Through enhancing specific immune memory, IRE not only led a complete tumor regression in suit, but also induced abscopal effect, suppressing the growth of the latent lesions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ba29cdbb9659", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Perioperative Nursing of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Treated with a Nanoknife", "authors": "Lei et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Nanosci Nanotechnol", "doi": "10.1166/jnn.2020.18603", "pmid": "32385017", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "To summarize the experience of 40 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with irreversible electroporation ablation (IRE), their experiences with surgical nurses, and to explore the best nursing methods before and during IRE ablation. Preoperative visits were conducted to assess the condition of patients, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b4b31cd482e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation plus allogenic Vγ9Vδ2 T cells enhances antitumor effect for locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients", "authors": "Lin et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Signal Transduct Target Ther", "doi": "10.1038/s41392-020-00260-1", "pmid": "33093457", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Immunotherapy has limited efficacy against locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) due to the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment (ISM). Irreversible electroporation (IRE) can not only induce immunogenic cell death, but also alleviate immunosuppression. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of IRE plus allogeneic γδ T cells in LAPC patients. A total of 62 patients who met the eligibility criteria were enrolled in this trial, then randomized into two groups (A: n = 30 and B: n = 32). All patients received IRE therapy and after receiving IRE, the group A patients received at least two cycles of γδ T-cell infusion as one course continuously. Group A patients had better survival than group B patients (median OS: 14.5 months vs. 11 months; median PFS: 11 months vs. 8.5 months). Moreover, the group A patients treated with multiple courses of γδ T-cell infusion had longer OS (17 months) than those who received a single course (13.5 months). IRE combined with allogeneic γδ T-cell infusion is a promising strategy to enhance the antitumor efficacy in LAPC patients, yielding extended survival benefits.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03180437.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3007b617b98d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Gemcitabine plus concurrent irreversible electroporation vs gemcitabine alone for locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Ma et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "World J Clin Cases", "doi": "10.12998/wjcc.v8.i22.5564", "pmid": "33344547", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is a common malignant digestive system tumor that ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The prognosis of LAPC is poor even after standard treatment. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablative strategy for LAPC. Several…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1629fbb2fe79", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for liver metastasis from pancreatic cancer A case report", "authors": "Ma et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "World J Clin Cases", "doi": "10.12998/wjcc.v8.i2.390", "pmid": "32047790", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis; 40%-50% of patients have liver metastases at the time of initial diagnosis and only 15%-20% undergo surgical resection. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new, non-thermal local ablation method for solid tumors, which can induce cell membrane permeabilization…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-92c197612d9e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Dynamics of Cell Death After Conventional IRE and H-FIRE Treatments", "authors": "Mercadal et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-020-02462-8", "pmid": "32026232", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) has emerged as an alternative to conventional irreversible electroporation (IRE) to overcome the issues associated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation that appear in IRE treatments. In H-FIRE, the monopolar pulses typically used in IRE are replaced with bursts of short bipolar pulses. Currently, very little is known regarding how the use of a different waveform affects the cell death dynamics and mechanisms. In this study, human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells were treated with a typical IRE protocol and various H-FIRE schemes with the same energized time. Cell viability, membrane integrity and Caspase 3/7 activity were assessed at different times after the treatment. In both treatments, we identified two different death dynamics (immediate and delayed) and we quantified the electric field ranges that lead to each of them. While in the typical IRE protocol, the electric field range leading to a delayed cell death is very narrow, this range is wider in H-FIRE and can be increased by reducing the pulse length. Membrane integrity in cells suffering a delayed cell death shows a similar time evolution in all treatments, however, Caspase 3/7 expression was only observed in cells treated with H-FIRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b9b718639508", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Locally Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer After Surgical Resection", "authors": "MÅNSSON et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Anticancer Res", "doi": "10.21873/anticanres.14249", "pmid": "32366423", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background/aim: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has recently been used as an experimental treatment for cancers including locally advanced pancreatic cancer. There is very limited data on IRE in pancreatic cancer that is locally recurrent after surgical resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c1786c1d5875", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A phase 1b trial of concurrent immunotherapy and irreversible electroporation in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "O’Neill et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/j.surg.2020.04.057", "pmid": "32631655", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Combining immune checkpoint blockade therapy with operative disruptive immunomodulation using irreversible electroporation may overcome the resistance to systemic therapy found in patients with locally advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer. We describe the safety profile and efficacy of IRE with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-39fc25993440", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation in Locally Advanced and Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer (PANFIRE-2): A Multicenter, Prospective, Single-Arm, Phase II Study", "authors": "Ruarus et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2019191109", "pmid": "31687922", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer have a dismal prognosis, with a median overall survival (OS) of 12-14 months with systemic therapies. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a nonthermal ablative technique, may prolong survival of patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Purpose To…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7f757bfd2287", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Application of Irreversible Electroporation Ablation as Adjunctive Treatment for Margin Enhancement: Safety and Efficacy", "authors": "Simmerman et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Surg Res", "doi": "10.1016/j.jss.2019.06.010", "pmid": "31610354", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new ablation technique utilized as focal therapy to target areas of significant tumor burden to ablate tumors in situ or improve margins of resection. Its application has largely been reported in the pancreas, liver, kidney, and prostate. Because…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e4958f18816", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Timmer et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Tech Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.tvir.2020.100675", "pmid": "32591191", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Several minimally invasive image guided tumor ablation techniques have been added to the treatment spectrum for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Irreversible electroporation (IRE) might have a significant additive value in the management of this difficult-to-treat disease. As opposed to thermal ablative techniques, IRE induces cell death by the delivery of high-voltage electrical pulses. The electrical energy disrupts the cellular membrane integrity, causes loss of cellular homeostasis and ultimately results in cell death. The extracellular matrix of connective tissue in surrounding delicate structures such as bile ducts, bowel wall, and larger blood vessels is spared. The preservation of these structures makes IRE attractive for the treatment of pancreatic cancers that are unresectable due to their anatomical location (ie, LAPC and local recurrence after surgical resection). In addition to its cytoreductive abilities, evidence is emerging on IRE's capability to induce systemic immunomodulation through active in vivo vaccination against pancreatic cancer cells. These effects in combination with immunotherapy may offer a new treatment paradigm for tumors with low immunogenic potential like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This review discusses several practical and technical issues of IRE for LAPC: clinical evaluation, indications, patient preparations, procedural steps, imaging characteristics, clinical results, and \"tricks of the trade\" used to improve the safety and efficacy of the treatment. Future directions such as the combination of IRE with immunotherapy will be shortly addressed.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "studyFamilyId": "aile-ca488b5be7", "studyRelation": "related-publication", "relationEvidence": [ "yil-farki:4" ], "relationConfidence": "low", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-d8f8bac62ae2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Severe duodenal thickening post image guided Irreversible Electroporation of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer mimicking duodenal infarction: A case report", "authors": "Wang et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Radiol Case Rep", "doi": "10.1016/j.radcr.2020.06.058", "pmid": "32774578", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "A 44-year-old gentleman with stage III (T4N1M0) unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma at the uncinate process underwent percutaneous image guided Irreversible Electroporation (IRE). At day-1 post IRE the patient developed severe abdominal pain and had computed tomography for assessment of his symptoms. Computed…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e71292854e99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Cancer Res Ther", "doi": "10.4103/jcrt.JCRT_773_18", "pmid": "32474514", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Context: The safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC) are well established. However, whether adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after IRE increases, the survival rate remains unknown. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of chemoradiotherapy combined with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f4f6380c416c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Prognostic factor analysis of irreversible electroporation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer - A multi-institutional clinical study in Asia", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2019.12.006", "pmid": "31839436", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a modality that utilizes high electric voltage to cause cell apoptosis. IRE has been used to treat locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). However, studies of IRE via surgical approaches for LAPC are limited. This study aims to analyse the outcomes and related…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ca4329f74d59", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Value of CT-Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation Added to FOLFIRINOX Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Post Hoc Comparison", "authors": "van Veldhuisen et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2020.02.024", "pmid": "32861569", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To compare survival after CT-guided percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) and folinic acid, fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) chemotherapy versus FOLFIRINOX only in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Materials and methods: A post hoc comparison was…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b1daae7103fa", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Minimally invasive image-guided therapy of primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Bibok et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v27.i27.4322", "pmid": "34366607", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is a challenging malignancy with limited treatment options and poor life expectancy. The only curative option is surgical resection, but only 15%-20% of patients are resectable at presentation because more than 50% of patients has distant metastasis at diagnosis and the rest of them has locally…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-acd1e84cfd15", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation treatment in hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumours: a single-centre experience", "authors": "Fang et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Clin Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.crad.2021.03.020", "pmid": "33934875", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Aim: To report initial experience with irreversible electroporation (IRE) in a single tertiary oncology centre and to describe its role in the management of liver and pancreatic tumours. Materials and methods: The present study was a retrospective review of the technical success rate, complications, and treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2072c06f38d7", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of pancreatic cancer - Effect on quality of life and pain perception", "authors": "Flak et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Pancreatology", "doi": "10.1016/j.pan.2021.04.011", "pmid": "33985915", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Most pancreatic cancer (PC) patients are incurable and may need palliative treatment at some point in time. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablative treatment, which aims to provide local tumor control. The aim of this study was to examine how consolidative treatment with IRE affects quality…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-09f307c3a7da", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Usefulness of Imaging Response Assessment after Irreversible Electroporation of Localized Pancreatic Cancer-Results from a Prospective Cohort", "authors": "Flak et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13122862", "pmid": "34201272", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "(1) Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablation technique that is being studied in nonmetastatic pancreatic cancer (PC). Most published studies use imaging outcomes as an efficacy endpoint, but imaging interpretation can be difficult and has yet to be correlated with survival. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation of imaging endpoints with survival in a cohort of IRE-treated PC patients. (2) Methods: Several imaging endpoints were examined before and after IRE on 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) with computed tomography. Separate analyses were performed at the patient and lesion levels. Mortality rate (MR) ratios for imaging endpoints after IRE were estimated. (3) Results: Forty-one patients were included. Patient-level analysis revealed that progressive disease (PD), as defined by RECIST 1.1, is correlated with a higher MR at all time intervals, but PD, as defined by EORTC PET response criteria, is only correlated with the MR in the longest interval. No correlation was found between PD, as defined by RECIST, and the MR in the lesion-level analysis. (4) Conclusions: Patient-level PD, as defined by RECIST, was correlated with poorer survival after IRE ablation, whereas no correlations were observed in the lesion-level analyses. Several promising lesion-level outcomes were identified.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-a86199e137e1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation and Nivolumab Combined with Intratumoral Administration of a Toll-Like Receptor Ligand, as a Means of In Vivo Vaccination for Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PANFIRE-III). A Phase-I Study Protocol", "authors": "Geboers et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13153902", "pmid": "34359801", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided tumor ablation technique with the ability to generate a window for the establishment of systemic antitumor immunity. IRE transiently alters the tumor's immunosuppressive microenvironment while simultaneously generating antigen release, thereby instigating an adaptive immune response. Combining IRE with immunotherapeutic drugs, i.e., electroimmunotherapy, has synergistic potential and might induce a durable antitumor response. The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety of the combination of IRE with IMO-2125 (a toll-like receptor 9 ligand) and/or nivolumab in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). In this randomized controlled phase I clinical trial, 18 patients with mPDAC pretreated with chemotherapy will be enrolled in one of three study arms: A (control): nivolumab monotherapy; B: percutaneous IRE of the primary tumor followed by nivolumab; or C: intratumoral injection of IMO-2125 followed by percutaneous IRE of the primary tumor and nivolumab. Assessments include contrast enhanced computed tomography (ceCT), 18 F-FDG and 1 8 F-BMS-986192 (PD-L1) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT, biopsies of the primary tumor and metastases, peripheral blood samples, and quality of life and pain questionnaires. There is no curative treatment option for patients with mPDAC, and palliative chemotherapy regimens only moderately improve survival. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative and radically different treatment approaches. Should electroimmunotherapy establish an effective and durable anti-tumor response, it may ultimately improve PDAC's dismal prognosis.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-571426496b3f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "An evaluation of safety and survival for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with irreversible electroporation combined with chemotherapy: a retrospectively observational study", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Journal of Pancreatology", "doi": "10.1097/JP9.0000000000000088", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is emerging as a new therapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). We aimed to conduct survival and safety analyses in LAPC patients after treatment with IRE combined with chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 64 patients with LAPC who had received IRE and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a442273af694", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Identification of Circulating Biomarkers and Construction of a Prognostic Signature for Survival Prediction in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer After Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Inflamm Res", "doi": "10.2147/jir.s307884", "pmid": "33953596", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel treatment for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), but the predictive factors, based on cytokines and immunocytes of survival, are still lacking. This study aimed to establish a risk model based on cytokines and immunocytes for LAPC patients undergoing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a741980e4c9a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Plus Anti-PD-1 Antibody versus Irreversible Electroporation Alone for Patients with Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Inflamm Res", "doi": "10.2147/jir.s331023", "pmid": "34584438", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is shown to not only improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) but also activate the immune system. Considering the immune-activating function of IRE, IRE may enhance the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-ea5c55e3c188", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Survival Comparison of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Irreversible Electroporation Versus Conversional Resection for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2020.622318", "pmid": "33604301", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is a lethal disease and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and conversional resection is shown to provide the best survival for LAPC patients. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new and effective method for the treatment of LAPC. This study aimed to compare the long-term survival of LAPC patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by conversional resection and IRE. A total of 140 LAPC patients were included from August 2015 to March 2020. The survival outcomes of patients after treatment with chemotherapy, chemotherapy combined with conversional resection or IRE were analyzed and compared. Patients in these three groups had similar clinical and pathological characteristics. Patients in the resection and IRE groups had similar median OS time (resection group vs. IRE group: 25.3 months vs. 26.0 months, P>0.050), which was significantly longer than that of the chemotherapy group (8.7 months, P<0.001). Additionally, patients in the resection and IRE groups had a median PFS of 10.6 and 12.0 months, respectively. Also, they were significantly higher than that of patients in the chemotherapy group. Chemotherapy combined with conversional resection and IRE was identified as significant prognostic factors for OS and PFS in LAPC patients. It was shown that compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection, chemotherapy and IRE provided similar OS and PFS for LAPC patients with minimal invasion. This combination therapy may be a suitable treatment for LAPC patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e69ce956f95e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The role of irreversible electroporation in promoting M1 macrophage polarization via regulating the HMGB1-RAGE-MAPK axis in pancreatic cancer", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.1080/2162402X.2021.1897295", "pmid": "33763295", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an effective method for treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It remains unclear whether IRE can induce a specific immune response by stimulating macrophages. Here, the associated markers of macrophages were analyzed after exposure to tumor culture supernatant (TSN) of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8b6dd42cbddc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Open irreversible electroporation for isolated local recurrence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after primary surgery", "authors": "Heger et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Pancreatology", "doi": "10.1016/j.pan.2021.08.002", "pmid": "34404600", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging treatment for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) which in some cohorts has been associated with severe complications. Additionally, re-resection of isolated local recurrence (ILR) after pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) can improve…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6cda9d8620b0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Margin ACcentuation for resectable Pancreatic cancer using Irreversible Electroporation - Results from the MACPIE-I study", "authors": "Kundalia et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Eur J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejso.2021.05.024", "pmid": "34039473", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Margin accentuation (MA) using Irreversible electroporation (IRE) offers an unique opportunity to reduce the R1 resections in resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC). This study aims to assess the rate of margin positivity using IRE for MA during pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for resectable pancreatic head…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c9d6b8d0c383", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Kwon et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Semin Oncol", "doi": "10.1053/j.seminoncol.2021.02.004", "pmid": "33648735", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) constitutes approximately one-third of all pancreatic cancer, with standard of care inconsistently defined and achieving modest outcomes at best. While resection after downstaging offers the chance for cure, only a fraction of patients with LAPC become candidates for…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2299abc6aca2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multicenter randomized controlled trial and registry study to assess the safety and efficacy of the NanoKnife® system for the ablation of stage 3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma: overview of study protocols", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s12885-021-08474-4", "pmid": "34233640", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local ablation technique utilizing high voltage, low energy direct current to create nanopores in cell membrane which disrupt homeostasis and leads to cell death. Previous reports have suggested IRE may have a role in treating borderline resectable and unresectable Stage 3 pancreatic tumors. Methods: Patients with Stage 3 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) will be enrolled in either a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial (RCT) or a multicenter registry study. Subjects enrolled in the RCT must have no evidence of disease progression after 3 months of modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) treatment prior to being randomization to either a control or IRE arm. Post-induction and post-IRE treatment for the control and IRE arms, respectively, will be left to the discretion of the treating physician. The RCT will enroll 528 subjects with 264 per arm and include up to 15 sites. All subjects will be followed for at least 24 months or until death. The registry study will include two cohorts of patients with Stage 3 PDAC, patients who received institutional standard of care (SOC) alone and those treated with IRE in addition to SOC. Both cohorts will be required to have undergone at least 3 months of SOC without progression prior to enrollment. The registry study will enroll 532 patients with 266 patients in each arm. All patients will be followed for at least 24 months or until death. The primary efficacy endpoint for both studies will be overall survival (OS). Co-primary safety endpoints will be 1) time from randomization or enrollment in the registry to death or new onset of Grade 4 adverse event (AE), and (2 high-grade complications defined as any AE or serious AE (SAE) with a CTCAE v5.0 grade of 3 or higher. Secondary endpoints will include progression-free survival, cancer-related pain, quality of life, and procedure-related pain for the IRE arm only. Discussion: These studies are intended to provide Level 1 clinical evidence and real-world data demonstrating the clinical utility and safety of the use of IRE in combination with chemotherapy in patients with Stage 3 PDAC. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03899636 and NCT03899649. Registered April 2, 2019. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) trial G180278 approved on May 3, 2019.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-20866c4422e9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) Combined With Chemotherapy Increases Survival in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (LAPC)", "authors": "Oikonomou et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Am J Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1097/COC.0000000000000826", "pmid": "33979098", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is found in about 40% of patients with pancreatic cancer. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablative technique that provides an alternative in patients with LAPC and can be safely combined with chemotherapy. Materials and methods: From 2015 until…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1b9870f49e28", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Review of Current Clinical Outcomes, Mechanism of Action and Opportunities for Synergistic Therapy", "authors": "Rai et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm10081609", "pmid": "33920118", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) accounts for 30% of patients with pancreatic cancer. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel cancer treatment that may improve survival and quality of life in LAPC. This narrative review will provide a perspective on the clinical experience of pancreas IRE therapy, explore the evidence for the mode of action, assess treatment complications, and propose strategies for augmenting IRE response. A systematic search was performed using PubMed regarding the clinical use and safety profile of IRE on pancreatic cancer, post-IRE sequential histological changes, associated immune response, and synergistic therapies. Animal data demonstrate that IRE induces both apoptosis and necrosis followed by fibrosis. Major complications may result from IRE; procedure related mortality is up to 2%, with an average morbidity as high as 36%. Nevertheless, prospective and retrospective studies suggest that IRE treatment may increase median overall survival of LAPC to as much as 30 months and provide preliminary data justifying the well-designed trials currently underway, comparing IRE to the standard of care treatment. The mechanism of action of IRE remains unknown, and there is a lack of data on treatment variables and efficiency in humans. There is emerging data suggesting that IRE can be augmented with synergistic therapies such as immunotherapy.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c52990236891", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Margin Accentuation Irreversible Electroporation in Stage III Pancreatic Cancer A Systematic Review", "authors": "Ratnayake et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers13133212", "pmid": "34199031", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The present systematic review aimed to summarise the available evidence on indications and oncological outcomes after MA IRE for stage III pancreatic cancer (PC). A literature search was performed in the Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS databases using the PRISMA framework to identify all MA IRE studies. Nine studies with 235 locally advanced (LA) (82%, 192/235) or Borderline resectable (BR) PC (18%, 43/235) patients undergoing MA IRE pancreatic resection were included. Patients were mostly male (56%) with a weighted-mean age of 61 years (95% CI: 58-64). Pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 51% (120/235) and distal pancreatectomy in 49% (115/235). R0 resection rate was 73% (77/105). Clavien Dindo grade 3-5 postoperative complications occurred in 19% (36/187). Follow-up intervals ranged from 3 to 29 months. Local and systematic recurrences were noted in 8 and 43 patients, respectively. The weighted-mean progression free survival was 11 months (95% CI: 7-15). The weighted-mean overall survival was 22 months (95% CI 20-23 months) and 8 months (95% CI 1-32 months) for MA IRE and IRE alone, respectively. Early non-randomised data suggest MA IRE during pancreatic surgery for stage III pancreatic cancer may result in increased R0 resection rates and improved OS with acceptable postoperative morbidity. Further, larger studies are warranted to corroborate this evidence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2444f8d9d407", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "New therapeutic strategy: Personalization of pancreatic cancer treatment-irreversible electroporation (IRE), electrochemotherapy (ECT) and calcium electroporation (CaEP) - A pilot preclinical study", "authors": "Rudno-Rudzińska et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101634", "pmid": "34303953", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Sisplatin Hücre İçi Birikiminin Artması" ], "abstract": "In this study, irreversible electroporation (IRE), electrochemotherapy (ECT), and calcium electroporation (CaEP) techniques were investigated as new strategies for human pancreatic cancer. Qualification of the patients, best \"therapeutic moment\" for each patient, safety, and complications after procedures were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a1201f32bb6a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combining NanoKnife with M1 oncolytic virus enhances anticancer activity in pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Sun et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Cancer Lett", "doi": "10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.018", "pmid": "33444691", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "NanoKnife, a nonthermal ablation technique also termed irreversible electroporation (IRE), has been adopted in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treatment. However, reversible electroporation (RE) caused by heterogeneous electric field magnitude leads to inadequate ablation and tumor recurrence. Alphavirus M1…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-90a6de45e9ff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Immunomodulatory Effect of Irreversible Electroporation Alone and Its Cooperating With Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Tian", "year": 2021, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2021.712042", "pmid": "34568040", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Emerging studies have showed irreversible electroporation (IRE) focused on pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the effects of IRE treatment on the immune response of PC remain unknown. Moreover, there are few studies on the therapeutic effect of IRE combining with immunotherapy on PC. Thus, we review recent advances in our understanding of IRE alone and its working with immunotherapy towards the immune response of PC, discussing potential opportunities for exploring future treatment strategies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-706b6bfe156e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation ablation overcomes tumor-associated immunosuppression to improve the efficacy of DC vaccination in a mice model of pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Yang et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Oncoimmunology", "doi": "10.1080/2162402X.2021.1875638", "pmid": "33643692", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that can limit the efficacy of dendritic cell (DC) vaccine immunotherapy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local ablation approach. Herein, we test the hypothesis that IRE ablation can overcome TME…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-25bebaccb6ff", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Commentary: The Synergistic Role of Irreversible Electroporation and Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Granata et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.955444", "pmid": "36185275", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "We read with interest the article from Dr. Gyftopoulos and colleagues in Frontiers in Oncology (1) in which they assessed irreversible electroporation (IRE) as an interesting tool in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). We congratulate the authors on their accuracy in data presentation about IRE in LAPC (2-4). However, we would like to clarify the different concepts of IRE and electrochemotherapy (ECT) and to report recent results on ECT in LAPC. Reversible and irreversible electroporation are two different ways of applying the electric field with the aim of permeabilizing the cell membrane and obtaining different effects: in the first case, the transient permeabilization of the cell membrane allows one to facilitate the administration of the drug, while in the second case, the irreversibly permeabilized cell membrane will subsequently undergo cell death. Therefore, the correct use of the term \"electrochemotherapy\" (ECT) is associated with a combined therapy based on electric pulses and drug, known as combining chemotherapeutic drugs with an electrical field that determines a transient increase of cell permeability (reversible electroporation), allowing uptake of chemotherapy into tumor, using low doses of drugs, and reducing chemotherapy cytotoxic effects (4, 5). Therefore, differently from what was reported by Dr. Gyftopoulos and colleagues (1), IRE cannot be defined using the term \"ECT\", and although both IRE and ECT can be safely used to treat LAPC patients, these techniques are profoundly different (6-10). The drugs used in ECT Frontiers in Oncology frontiersin.org 01", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f0a8dbdf1483", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The Synergistic Role of Irreversible Electroporation and Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Gyftopoulos", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.843769", "pmid": "35692753", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local ablative technique used in conjunction with chemotherapy to treat locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The combination of IRE and chemotherapy has showed increased overall survival when compared to chemotherapy alone, pointing towards a possible facilitating effect of IRE on chemotherapeutic drug action and delivery. This review aims to present current chemotherapeutic regimens for LAPC and their co-implementation with IRE, with an emphasis on possible molecular augmentative mechanisms of drug delivery and action. Moreover, the potentiating mechanism of IRE on immunotherapy, M1 oncolytic virus and dendritic cell (DC)-based treatments is briefly explored. Investigating the synergistic effect of IRE on currently established treatment regimens as well as newer ones, may present exciting new possibilities for future studies seeking to improve current LAPC treatment algorithms.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-78f2a7872506", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Exploration of Novel Pathways Underlying Irreversible Electroporation Induced Anti-Tumor Immunity in Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Imran", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.853779", "pmid": "35372046", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Advancements in medical sciences and technologies have significantly improved the survival of many cancers; however, pancreatic cancer remains a deadly diagnosis. This malignancy is often diagnosed late in the disease when metastases have already occurred. Additionally, the location of the pancreas near vital organs limits surgical candidacy, the tumor's immunosuppressive environment limits immunotherapy success, and it is highly resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. Hence, clinicians and patients alike need a treatment paradigm that reduces primary tumor burden, activates systemic anti-tumor immunity, and reverses the local immunosuppressive microenvironment to eventually clear distant metastases. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a novel non-thermal tumor ablation technique, applies high-voltage ultra-short pulses to permeabilize targeted cell membranes and induce cell death. Progression with IRE technology and an array of research studies have shown that beyond tumor debulking, IRE can induce anti-tumor immune responses possibly through tumor neo-antigen release. However, the success of IRE treatment (i.e. full ablation and tumor recurrence) is variable. We believe that IRE treatment induces IFNγ expression, which then modulates immune checkpoint molecules and thus leads to tumor recurrence. This indicates a co-therapeutic use of IRE and immune checkpoint inhibitors as a promising treatment for pancreatic cancer patients. Here, we review the well-defined and speculated pathways involved in the immunostimulatory effects of IRE treatment for pancreatic cancer, as well as the regulatory pathways that may negate these anti-tumor responses. By defining these underlying mechanisms, future studies may identify improvements to systemic immune system engagement following local tumor ablation with IRE and beyond.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-449f8563a9d6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Locoregional therapies and their effects on the tumoral microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Lambin et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v28.i13.1288", "pmid": "35645539", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Antivasküler Etki ve Damar Yıkımı" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is expected to become the second leading cause of death from cancer by 2030. Despite intensive research in the field of therapeutics, the 5-year overall survival is approximately 8%, with only 20% of patients eligible for surgery at the time of diagnosis. The tumoral…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-efe06649bf9f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as treatments for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.06.004", "pmid": "34246550", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-8e0fe3d09f99", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Simultaneous Gemcitabine and Percutaneous CT-Guided Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Ma et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Oncol", "doi": "10.1155/2022/3523769", "pmid": "35747123", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new local ablation technique for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study is to analyse the safety and effectiveness of simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Materials and methods From October 2016 to January 2018, 61 patients with LAPC who received simultaneous gemcitabine and IRE therapy (GEM-IRE group, n = 31) or IRE alone therapy (IRE group, n = 30). Routine intravenous gemcitabine chemotherapy was performed 2 weeks after IRE in both groups. Results Technical success rates were 90.0% (27/30) and 93.3% (28/30) in the GEM-IRE and IRE groups. Compared with the IRE group, the GEM-IRE group exhibited longer overall survival (OS), local tumor progression free survival (LTPFS), and distant disease free survival (DDFS) from IRE (OS, 17.1 vs. 14.2 months, p =0.031; LTPFS, 14.6 vs. 10.2 months, p =0.045; DDFS, 15.4 vs. 11.7 months, p =0.071). Multivariate Cox regression analysis results suggested that tumor volume ≤37 cm 3 and simultaneous gemcitabine with IRE were significant independent prognostic factors of OS, LTPFS, and DDFS. Four major adverse reactions occurred; all of them were resolved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions Simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE therapy model was effective and well-tolerated therapeutic strategy in LAPC patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "europepmc", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-6d46e4c9ff65", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Local Release of TGF-β Inhibitor Modulates Tumor-Associated Neutrophils and Enhances Pancreatic Cancer Response to Combined Irreversible Electroporation and Immunotherapy", "authors": "Peng et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Adv Sci (Weinh)", "doi": "10.1002/advs.202105240", "pmid": "35128843", "studyType": null, "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with little response to standard therapies. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as a novel ablative technique for the clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer. Combinations of IRE and immunotherapies, including anti-programmed death 1 (αPD1) immune checkpoint blockade, have shown promising efficacy in both preclinical and clinical studies. However, tumor recurrence remains an obstacle that needs to be overcome. It herein is shown that IRE induces a substantial infiltration of neutrophils into pancreatic tumors. These neutrophils are then polarized into a protumor phenotype by immunosuppressive cues, in particular transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Using glutathione-responsive degradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with SB525334, an inhibitor of TGF-β1 receptor, it is demonstrated that local inhibition of TGF-β within the tumor microenvironment promotes neutrophil polarization into an antitumor phenotype, enhances pancreatic cancer response to combined IRE and αPD1 therapy, and induces long-term antitumor memory. The therapeutic efficacy is also attributed to tumor infiltration by CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, depletion of regulatory T cells, and maturation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells. Thus, modulating neutrophil polarization with nanomedicine is a promising strategy for treating pancreatic cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c7dd2007eea5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer with percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) following initial systemic chemotherapy (LAP-PIE) trial: study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial", "authors": "Rai et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050166", "pmid": "35551086", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Approximately 30% of patients with pancreas cancer have unresectable locally advanced disease, which is currently treated with systemic chemotherapy. A new treatment option of irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been investigated for these patients since 2005. Cohort studies suggest that IRE confers a survival advantage, but with associated, procedure-related complications. Selection bias may account for improved survival and there have been no prospective randomised trials evaluating the harms and benefits of therapy. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the feasibility of a randomised comparison of IRE therapy with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Methods and analysis: Eligible patients with LAPC who have undergone first-line 5-FluoroUracil, Leucovorin, Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin chemotherapy will be randomised to receive either a single session of IRE followed by (if indicated) further chemotherapy or to chemotherapy alone (standard of care). Fifty patients from up to seven specialist pancreas centres in the UK will be recruited over a period of 15 months. Trial follow-up will be 12 months. The primary outcome measure is ability to recruit. Secondary objectives include practicality and technical success of treatment, acceptability of treatment to patients and clinicians and safety of treatment. A qualitative study has been incorporated to evaluate the patient and clinician perspective of the locally advanced pancreatic cancer with percutaneous irreversible electroporation trial. It is likely that the data obtained will guide the structure, the primary outcome measure, the power and the duration of a subsequent multicentre randomised controlled trial aimed at establishing the clinical efficiency of pancreas IRE therapy. Indicative procedure-related costings will be collected in this feasibility trial, which will inform the cost evaluation in the subsequent study on efficiency. Ethics and dissemination: The protocol has received approval by London-Brent Research Ethics Committee reference number 21/LO/0077.Results will be analysed following completion of trial recruitment and follow-up. Results will be presented to international conferences with an interest in oncology, hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery and interventional radiology and be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Trial registration number: ISRCTN14986389.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-333e709c908e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: An Evaluation from a Surgeon's Perspective", "authors": "Shen", "year": 2022, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers14225677", "pmid": "36428767", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as a promising treatment for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Therefore, in this study, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of IRE against LAPC, as well as exploring its impact on anti-tumor immunity. A retrospective analysis was conducted in consecutive patients at a single institution. Eligible patients were assigned to IRE, palliative surgery (PS), or vascular resection (VR) groups, according to their respective treatments. The IRE group consisted of LAPC patients. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed, in order to compare the incidence of complications and median overall survival (mOS). Serum and intratumoral cytokines, as well as intratumoral immune cells, were analyzed in order to identify changes in immunity after IRE. A total of 210 patients were included. After matching, the rate of major complications (Clavien−Dindo III−V), intra-abdominal hemorrhage, and re-intervention in the IRE group were similar to those in the VR group (p > 0.05). The mOS of the IRE group (13.0 months) was shorter than that of the VR group (15.0 months), but longer than that of the PS group (8.0 months) (p < 0.05). Patients in the IRE group had elevated serum levels of immunogenic cytokines, including IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α, which were related to anti-tumor immunity. The survival advantage in IRE-treated patients was attributed to tumor ablation and immune modulation effects. Overall, IRE can be considered a feasible treatment for patients with LAPC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-461280fe395b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Is irreversible electroporation (IRE) an effective and safe ablation method for local advanced pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis", "authors": "Shuiqing et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Health Sciences Review", "doi": "10.1016/j.hsr.2022.100029", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/objectives To evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for treating local advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Methods Relevant literature published from January 1, 2010, to July 1, 2021, was retrieved from PubMed and EMBASE databases. The following keywords were applied: \" IRE, \"Irreversible electrophoresis, \"pancreatic cancer, \"ablation, \"and \" ablation therapy. \"The primary outcomes was IRE related significant complications rate. Results 19 studies were included, a total of 984 patients had undergone IRE. The probability of IRE-related major (Grade 3–5) complications rate was 17% (95% CI: 10–28%). 2 deaths related to IRE procedure were reported. The median overall survival time since IRE ranged from 6.1 to 27 months. Patients treated with IRE combined with surgical resection or standard chemotherapy showed a longer overall survival. Conclusions IRE can benefit the survival of patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer, but related adverse events should be treated with caution.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f474a5d7546d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multimodal therapy with or without irreversible electroporation for unresectable locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Sugumar et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "HPB (Oxford)", "doi": "10.1016/j.hpb.2021.12.014", "pmid": "35000842", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is used as a locoregional treatment modality for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), but is non-curative and is associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing survival outcomes of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-acd81cc863b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Long-term follow-up experience with adjuvant therapy after irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Thomas et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.27085", "pmid": "36048146", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) expands the surgical options for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. This study evaluated for differences in survival stratified by type of IRE and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated by IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-633a0b0d86a4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Optimizing Patient Selection for Irreversible Electroporation of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Analyses of Survival", "authors": "Woeste et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Oncol", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2021.817220", "pmid": "35096621", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as a viable consolidative therapy after induction chemotherapy, in which this combination has improved overall survival of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Optimal timing and patient selection for irreversible electroporation remains a clinically unmet need. The aim of this study was to investigate preoperative factors that may assist in predicting progression-free and overall survival following IRE. Methods: A multi-institutional, prospectively maintained database was reviewed for patients with LAPC treated with induction chemotherapy followed by open-technique irreversible electroporation from 7/2015-5/2019. RECIST 1.1 criteria were used to assess tumor response and radiological progression. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were recorded. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan Meier and Cox multivariable regression analyses. Results: 187 LAPC patients (median age 62 years range, 21 - 91, 65% men, 35% women) were treated with IRE. Median PFS was 21.7 months and median OS from diagnosis was 25.5 months. On multivariable analysis, age ≤ 61 (HR 0.41, 95%CI 0.21-0.78, p<0.008) and no prior radiation (HR 0.49, 95%CI 0.26-0.94, p=0.03) were positive predictors of OS after IRE. Age ≤ 61(HR 0.53, 95%CI, 0.28-.99, p=0.046) and FOLFIRINOX followed by gemcitabine/abraxane induction chemotherapy (HR 0.37,95%CI 0.15-0.89, p=0.027) predicted prolonged PFS after IRE. Abnormal CA19-9 values at the time of surgery negatively impacted both OS (HR 2.46, 95%CI 1.28-4.72, p<0.007) and PFS (HR 2.192, 95%CI 1.143-4.201, p=0.018) following IRE. Conclusions: Age, CA 19-9 response, avoidance of pre-IRE radiation, and FOLFIRINOX plus gemcitabine/abraxane induction chemotherapy are prominent factors to consider when referring or selecting LAPC patients to undergo IRE.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f432d8450d1b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and feasibility of irreversible electroporation for the pancreatic head in a porcine model", "authors": "Yan et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "World J Gastrointest Oncol", "doi": "10.4251/wjgo.v14.i8.1499", "pmid": "36160734", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local non-thermal ablative technique which has been suggested as a potential cancer therapy. However, the specific anatomic characteristics of the pancreatic head make it challenging to perform any local ablation in this region. Therefore, the safety and feasibility…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-c2c2d47d6094", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Quantitative analysis of contribution of mild and moderate hyperthermia to thermal ablation and sensitization of irreversible electroporation of pancreatic cancer cells", "authors": "Agnass et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Therm Biol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103619", "pmid": "37437370", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an ablation modality that applies short, high-voltage electric pulses to unresectable cancers. Although considered a non-thermal technique, temperatures do increase during IRE. This temperature rise sensitizes tumor cells for electroporation as well as inducing partial direct thermal ablation. Aim: To evaluate the extent to which mild and moderate hyperthermia enhance electroporation effects, and to establish and validate in a pilot study cell viability models (CVM) as function of both electroporation parameters and temperature in a relevant pancreatic cancer cell line. Methods: Several IRE-protocols were applied at different well-controlled temperature levels (37 °C ≤ T ≤ 46 °C) to evaluate temperature dependent cell viability at enhanced temperatures in comparison to cell viability at T = 37 °C. A realistic sigmoid CVM function was used based on thermal damage probability with Arrhenius Equation and cumulative equivalent minutes at 43 °C (CEM43°C) as arguments, and fitted to the experimental data using \"Non-linear-least-squares\"-analysis. Results: Mild (40 °C) and moderate (46 °C) hyperthermic temperatures boosted cell ablation with up to 30% and 95%, respectively, mainly around the IRE threshold E th,50% electric-field strength that results in 50% cell viability. The CVM was successfully fitted to the experimental data. Conclusion: Both mild- and moderate hyperthermia significantly boost the electroporation effect at electric-field strengths neighboring E th,50% . Inclusion of temperature in the newly developed CVM correctly predicted both temperature-dependent cell viability and thermal ablation for pancreatic cancer cells exposed to a relevant range of electric-field strengths/pulse parameters and mild moderate hyperthermic temperatures.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b5990c0b452b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation-Assisted Resection for Locally Advanced Pancreas Cancer", "authors": "Davis et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Surg Innov", "doi": "10.1177/15533506231157442", "pmid": "36792137", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: A significant number of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer are unable to undergo resection due to vascular involvement. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown promise in improving survival. This study sought to assess a novel IRE application whereby IRE was performed pre-resection to alter…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-82cf26fce211", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Locoregional Therapies and Remodeling of Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "De Grandis et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms241612681", "pmid": "37628865", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Despite the advances made in treatment, the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains dismal, even in the locoregional and locally advanced stages, with high relapse rates after surgery. PDAC exhibits a chemoresistant and immunosuppressive phenotype, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) surrounding cancer cells actively participates in creating a stromal barrier to chemotherapy and an immunosuppressive environment. Recently, there has been an increasing use of interventional radiology techniques for the treatment of PDAC, although they do not represent a standard of care and are not included in clinical guidelines. Local approaches such as radiation therapy, hyperthermia, microwave or radiofrequency ablation, irreversible electroporation and high-intensity focused ultrasound exert their action on the tumor tissue, altering the composition and structure of TME and potentially enhancing the action of chemotherapy. Moreover, their action can increase antigen release and presentation with T-cell activation and reduction tumor-induced immune suppression. This review summarizes the current evidence on locoregional therapies in PDAC and their effect on remodeling TME to make it more susceptible to the action of antitumor agents.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f323b291de73", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Infection reporting in patients undergoing irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Filson et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1002/jso.27310", "pmid": "37165984", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Intraoperative bile cultures (IOBCs) taken during pancreatic surgery are commonly performed and there has been limited evidence that a positive IOBC could aid in perioperative adverse event (AE) management. Therefore, this study aims to describe infection management in patients undergoing irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-69e8e1e6de25", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Pancreatic Cancer-An Evolving Experimental and Clinical Method", "authors": "Gajewska-Naryniecka", "year": 2023, "journal": "Int J Mol Sci", "doi": "10.3390/ijms24054381", "pmid": "36901812", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer has no symptoms until the disease has advanced and is aggressive cancer with early metastasis. Up to now, the only curative treatment is surgical resection, which is possible in the early stages of the disease. Irreversible electroporation treatment offers new hope for patients with unresectable tumors. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a type of ablation therapy that has been explored as a potential treatment for pancreatic cancer. Ablation therapies involve the use of energy to destroy or damage cancer cells. IRE involves using high-voltage, low-energy electrical pulses to create resealing in the cell membrane, causing the cell to die. This review summarizes experiential and clinical findings in terms of the IRE applications. As was described, IRE can be a non-pharmacological approach (electroporation) or combined with anticancer drugs or standard treatment methods. The efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in eliminating pancreatic cancer cells has been demonstrated through both in vitro and in vivo studies, and it has been shown to induce an immune response. Nevertheless, further investigation is required to assess its effectiveness in human subjects and to comprehensively understand IRE's potential as a treatment option for pancreatic cancer.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-f25216886d63", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Transcatheter CT arteriography-guided irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A pictorial essay", "authors": "Geboers et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol", "doi": "10.1111/1754-9485.13535", "pmid": "37186494", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi" ], "abstract": "Visibility of the tumour and its surroundings during the ablative procedure is crucial for optimal treatment planning, needle placement, ablation zone coverage and postprocedural control. The use of transcatheter CT arteriography providing real-time image guidance has proven to be of additional value for thermal liver…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-976125bc2c1c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "The effects of irreversible electroporation triggering anti-tumor immunity and the value of its combination with immunotherapy", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Interv Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.jimed.2023.07.005", "pmid": "37846332", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Recently, interventional ablation techniques have gained prominence in tumor treatment guidelines and complement traditional approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Conventional ablation techniques, such as microwave, radiofrequency, and cryoablation, have been used; however, they have certain…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-47608a8bc202", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Interventional hydrogel microsphere vaccine as an immune amplifier for activated antitumour immunity after ablation therapy", "authors": "Liu", "year": 2023, "journal": "Nat Commun", "doi": "10.1038/s41467-023-39759-w", "pmid": "37433774", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "The response rate of pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy or immunotherapy pancreatic cancer is low. Although minimally invasive irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation is a promising option for irresectable pancreatic cancers, the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that characterizes this tumour type enables tumour recurrence. Thus, strengthening endogenous adaptive antitumour immunity is critical for improving the outcome of ablation therapy and post-ablation immune therapy. Here we present a hydrogel microsphere vaccine that amplifies post-ablation anti-cancer immune response via releasing its cargo of FLT3L and CD40L at the relatively lower pH of the tumour bed. The vaccine facilitates migration of the tumour-resident type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) to the tumour-draining lymph nodes (TdLN), thus initiating the cDC1-mediated antigen cross-presentation cascade, resulting in enhanced endogenous CD8 + T cell response. We show in an orthotopic pancreatic cancer model in male mice that the hydrogel microsphere vaccine transforms the immunologically cold tumour microenvironment into hot in a safe and efficient manner, thus significantly increasing survival and inhibiting the growth of distant metastases.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9b1c5d70217b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation combined with chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade enhanced antitumor immunity for locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Ma et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2023.1193040", "pmid": "37691923", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel local tumor ablation approach with the potential to stimulate an antitumor immune response. However, it is not effective in preventing distant metastasis in isolation. This study aimed to compare the potential of augmenting the antitumor immune response in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) who underwent IRE combined with chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade with those who underwent IRE combined with chemotherapy. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on LAPC patients treated either with IRE in combination with chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade (group A) or with IRE with chemotherapy alone (group B) from July 2015 to June 2021. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), with immune responses and adverse events serving as secondary endpoints. Risk factors for OS and PFS were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: A total of 103 patients were included in the final analysis, comprising 25 in group A and 78 in group B. The median duration of follow-up was 18.2 months (3.0-38.6 months). Group A patients demonstrated improved survival compared to group B (median OS: 23.6 vs . 19.4 months, p = 0.001; median PFS: 18.2 vs . 14.7 months, p = 0.022). The data suggest a robust immune response in group A, while adverse events related to the treatment were similar in both groups. The multivariate analysis identified the combination of IRE, chemotherapy, and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade as an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS. Conclusion: The addition of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade to the regimen of IRE combined with chemotherapy enhanced antitumor immunity and extended survival in LAPC patients.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-26a375cddb82", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Impact of margin accentuation with intraoperative irreversible electroporation on local recurrence in resected pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/j.surg.2022.07.033", "pmid": "36216618", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rates of local recurrence and margin positivity in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer after pancreatectomy with or without irreversible electroporation with margin accentuation. Methods: Prospective data for preoperative stages IIB…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fc2c878b5dbe", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Are Aspects of Integrative Concepts Helpful to Improve Pancreatic Cancer Therapy", "authors": "Oei et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers15041116", "pmid": "36831465", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Numerous clinical studies have been conducted to improve the outcomes of patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. Different approaches using targeted therapeutic strategies and precision medicine methods have been investigated, and synergies and further therapeutic advances may be achieved through combinations with integrative methods. For pancreatic tumors, a particular challenge is the presence of a microenvironment and a dense stroma, which is both a physical barrier to drug penetration and a complex entity being controlled by the immune system. Therefore, the state of immunological tolerance in the tumor microenvironment must be overcome, which is a considerable challenge. Integrative approaches, such as hyperthermia, percutaneous irreversible electroporation, intra-tumoral injections, phytotherapeutics, or vitamins, in combination with standard-oncological therapies, may potentially contribute to the control of pancreatic cancer. The combined application of standard-oncological and integrative methods is currently being studied in ongoing clinical trials. An actual overview is given here.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-57943b50e97e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of the pancreas - A decade on", "authors": "Ong", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Interv Med", "doi": "10.1016/j.jimed.2022.10.001", "pmid": "37180371", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) employs the use of an electric field to cause irreversible permeability of the cell membrane, inducing apoptosis. The use of IRE for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) was first described in 2012. The crucial advantage of IRE compared with other devices employing thermal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a1299dd13c58", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of pancreatic cancer with irreversible electroporation and intratumoral CD40 antibody stimulates systemic immune responses that inhibit liver metastasis in an orthotopic model", "authors": "Shankara", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Immunother Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/jitc-2022-006133", "pmid": "36634919", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a poor prognosis, and most patients present with either locally advanced or distant metastatic disease. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal method of ablation used clinically in locally advanced PC, but most patients eventually develop distant recurrence. We have…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-00a4ef724812", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for the management of pancreatic cancer: Current data and future directions", "authors": "Spiliopoulos", "year": 2023, "journal": "World J Gastroenterol", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v29.i2.223", "pmid": "36687122", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is currently the seventh leading cause of cancer death (4.5% of all cancer deaths) while 80%-90% of the patients suffer from unresectable disease at the time of diagnosis. Prognosis remains poor, with a mean survival up to 15 mo following systemic chemotherapy. Loco-regional thermal ablative…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "gelecek_onerisi", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e0d454ff0ad6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation augments β-glucan induced trained innate immunity for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Woeste", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Immunother Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/jitc-2022-006221", "pmid": "37072351", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a challenging diagnosis that is yet to benefit from the advancements in immuno-oncologic treatments. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal method of tumor ablation, is used in treatment of select patients with locally-advanced unresectable PC and has potentiated the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-abf64f9e47dd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "New Developments in Image-Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Solid Tumors", "authors": "Yun et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Curr Oncol Rep", "doi": "10.1007/s11912-023-01452-y", "pmid": "37695398", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Purpose of review: This review will describe the various applications, benefits, risks, and approaches of conventional irreversible electroporation (IRE), as well as highlight the new technological developments of this procedure along with their clinical applications. Recent findings: Minimally invasive image-guided…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a20a8f89f5af", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Role of imaging in the applicability of irreversible electroporation for the management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma", "authors": "da Silva et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Radiol Bras", "doi": "10.1590/0100-3984.2022.0032-en", "pmid": "36926353", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignant neoplasms, with a one-year survival rate below 20%. Axial methods (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) play a fundamental role in the diagnosis and staging of the disease, because they provide adequate anatomical resolution in the assessment of key structures, mainly vascular structures. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is most often discovered in advanced stages, when surgical resection is no longer feasible. In that scenario, minimally invasive treatment alternatives have been developed in attempts to change the natural history of the disease. Irreversible electroporation, an interventional procedure that minimizes deleterious effects on adjacent tissues, has proven useful for the treatment of tumors traditionally considered unresectable. Despite the growing acknowledgment of this technique as a tool for the management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, it is still relatively unknown among radiologists. In this study, we sought to provide an overview of the main characteristics and eligibility criteria that must be considered for the indication of irreversible electroporation in cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. O adenocarcinoma ductal de pâncreas é uma das neoplasias malignas mais agressivas, com taxas de sobrevivência anuais inferiores a 20%. Os métodos axiais (tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética) têm papel fundamental no diagnóstico e estadiamento da doença, por fornecerem adequada resolução anatômica na avaliação de estruturas-chave, principalmente vasculares. O adenocarcinoma ductal de pâncreas é frequentemente descoberto em estágios avançados e sem viabilidade de ressecção cirúrgica, e nesse cenário o desenvolvimento de alternativas terapêuticas minimamente invasivas tem sido ainda mais importante para a mudança de sua história natural. A eletroporação irreversível, procedimento intervencionista que minimiza efeitos deletérios nos tecidos adjacentes, vem se destacando no tratamento de lesões tradicionalmente consideradas irressecáveis. Essa técnica, apesar de ganhar cada vez mais espaço no manejo terapêutico do adenocarcinoma ductal de pâncreas, ainda é pouco familiar aos radiologistas. Neste estudo, buscamos expor, de forma sucinta e didática, os fundamentos da técnica, as principais características de imagem e os critérios de elegibilidade que devem ser considerados para indicação da eletroporação irreversível nessa doença.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b32b5814d134", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Chinese expert consensus on open irreversible electroporation ablation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (version 2023)", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Journal of Pancreatology", "doi": "10.1097/JP9.0000000000000176", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, with increasing morbidity and mortality. Only 20% of all cases are candidates for surgical resection. Most locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is deemed to be an unresectable disease because of the invasion of major vessels. Irreversible electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8ee6899e99b8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation-Induced Inflammation Facilitates Neutrophil-Mediated Drug Delivery to Enhance Pancreatic Cancer Therapy", "authors": "Huang et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Mol Pharm", "doi": "10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00006", "pmid": "38412284", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with a five-year overall survival rate of around 11%. Chemotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of this malignancy, but the intratumoral delivery of chemotherapy drugs is impaired by the highly fibrotic tumor-associated stroma. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Destekleyici bilgi dosyası, ana metin değil", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2b2c3e9dd134", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation promotes a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment and anti-tumor immunity in a mouse pancreatic cancer model", "authors": "Imran", "year": 2024, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352821", "pmid": "38711517", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality and often presents with limited treatment options. Pancreatic tumors are also notorious for their immunosuppressive microenvironment. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tumor ablation modality that employs high-voltage microsecond pulses to transiently permeabilize cell membranes, ultimately inducing cell death. However, the understanding of IRE's impact beyond the initiation of focal cell death in tumor tissue remains limited. In this study, we demonstrate that IRE triggers a unique mix of cell death pathways and orchestrates a shift in the local tumor microenvironment driven, in part, by reducing the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) and regulatory T cell populations and increasing cytotoxic T lymphocytes and neutrophils. We further show that IRE drives induce cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in vitro and promote inflammatory cell death pathways consistent with pyroptosis and programmed necrosis in vivo . IRE-treated mice exhibited a substantial extension in progression-free survival. However, within a span of 14 days, the tumor immune cell populations reverted to their pre-treatment composition, which resulted in an attenuation of the systemic immune response targeting contralateral tumors and ultimately resulting in tumor regrowth. Mechanistically, we show that IRE augments IFN- γ signaling, resulting in the up-regulation of the PD-L1 checkpoint in pancreatic cancer cells. Together, these findings shed light on potential mechanisms of tumor regrowth following IRE treatment and offer insights into co-therapeutic targets to improve treatment strategies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bc6bdc803e6d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer with irreversible electroporation and intraoperative radiotherapy", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr", "doi": "10.21037/hbsn-24-526", "pmid": "39669072", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-eb954696adea", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Margin Accentuation in Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis", "authors": "Lim et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Ann Surg Oncol", "doi": "10.1245/s10434-024-15962-x", "pmid": "39080139", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Margin accentuation using irreversible electroporation (MA-IRE) improves recurrence and overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer patients; however, there have been limited outcome comparisons to similarly risked patients who did not receive MA-IRE. Methods: Patients with borderline resectable or locally…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1d651d63dde6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Effectiveness and Safety of Irreversible Electroporation When Used for the Ablation of Stage 3 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Initial Results from the DIRECT Registry Study", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16233894", "pmid": "39682087", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background/objectives: Overall survival for patients with Stage 3 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains limited, with a median survival of 12 to 15 months. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local tumor ablation method that induces cancerous cell death by disrupting cell membrane homeostasis. The DIRECT Registry study was designed to assess the effectiveness and safety of IRE when combined with standard of care (SOC) treatment for Stage 3 PDAC versus SOC alone in a real-world setting after at least 3 months of induction chemotherapy; Methods: Patients with Stage 3 PDAC treated with IRE plus SOC or SOC alone were prospectively enrolled in a multicenter registry study. Enrollment required 3 months of active multi-agent chemotherapy with no progression before enrollment. Endpoints were 30- and 90-day mortality and adverse events (AEs). Results: Eighty-seven IRE and 27 SOC subjects were enrolled in the registry. Mean ages were 64.0 ± 8.4 and 66.4 ± 9.9 years, and mean anterior/posterior tumor diameters were 2.2 ± 0.7 cm and 3.2 ± 1.3 for the IRE and SOC groups respectively ( p = 0.0066). All IRE procedures were performed using an open approach. The 90-day all-cause mortality was 5/83 (6.0%) and 2/27 (7.4%) for the IRE and SOC groups, respectively. Two subjects in the IRE group died from treatment-related complications, and one patient in the SOC group died due to chemotherapy-related complications. Conclusions: Initial results from the DIRECT registry study indicate the use of IRE for curative intent tumor ablation in combination with induction chemotherapy has equivalent morbidity and mortality rates when compared to standard-of-care chemotherapy alone.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-edc12e66ffb3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multi-institutional review of adverse events associated with irreversible electroporation in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Stephens et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Surgery", "doi": "10.1016/j.surg.2023.08.042", "pmid": "37852831", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation is a novel approach for treating locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, this ablative technique is not without risk and has the potential to precipitate adverse events. The aim of this study was to delineate risk factors that increase this risk, as well as to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cd6d6e1cb91b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation to bring initially unresectable locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma to surgery: the IRECAP phase II study", "authors": "Tasu et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-024-10613-x", "pmid": "38494526", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: The aim of the IRECAP study was to evaluate the rate of locally advanced pancreas cancer patients (LAPC) who could undergo R0 or R1 surgery after irreversible electroporation (IRE). Materials and methods: IRECAP study is a phase II, single-center, open-label, prospective, non-randomized trial registered at…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0ae8551fef0b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "MRI-guided stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy versus CT-guided percutaneous irreversible electroporation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (CROSSFIRE): a single-centre, open-label, randomised phase 2 trial", "authors": "Timmer et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol", "doi": "10.1016/S2468-1253(24)00017-7", "pmid": "38513683", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is an aggressive disease with a dismal prognosis. Stage III locally advanced pancreatic cancer is considered unresectable and current palliative chemotherapy regimens only modestly improve survival. Guidelines suggest chemoradiation or stereotactic ablative body…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II", "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0477f2d10e7d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Consensus Guidelines of Irreversible Electroporation for Pancreatic Tumors: Protocol Standardization Using the Modified Delphi Technique", "authors": "Vos et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Semin Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1055/s-0044-1787164", "pmid": "38993594", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Since no uniform treatment protocol for pancreatic irreversible electroporation (IRE) exists, the heterogeneity throughout literature complicates the comparison of results. To reach agreement among experts, a consensus study was performed. Eleven experts, recruited according to predefined criteria regarding previous…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-694e92010ea5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Clinical efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation combined with chemotherapy in stage IV pancreatic cancer treatment", "authors": "Zeng et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "J Cancer Res Ther", "doi": "10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_73_24", "pmid": "39206999", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: This study evaluates the clinical efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation (IRE) therapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer. Methods: Between September 2021 and November 2023, we enrolled 38 patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer, with 20 receiving IRE plus…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-sa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5e6492bbf191", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Dendritic cell vaccination combined with irreversible electroporation for treating pancreatic cancer-a narrative review", "authors": "Zhang", "year": 2024, "journal": "Ann Transl Med", "doi": "10.21037/atm-23-1882", "pmid": "39118942", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background and objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is 3 rd most lethal cancer in the USA leading to a median survival of six months and less than 5% 5-year overall survival (OS). As the only potentially curative treatment, surgical resection is not suitable for up to 90% of the patients with PDAC due to…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7700a8c5ad06", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Postoperative Refractory Diarrhea After Margin Accentuation of the Superior Mesenteric Artery with Irreversible Electroporation in Pancreaticoduodenectomy", "authors": "Brys", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Clin Med", "doi": "10.3390/jcm14103568", "pmid": "40429564", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background : Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents a challenge due to its poor prognosis. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) shows promise in improving margin clearance and increasing R0 and R1 indirect resection rates. Although IRE is believed to preserve surrounding tissues, this study aimed to assess postoperative refractory diarrhea as a severe complication and challenge the assumption of consistent tissue preservation. Methods : Patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) with IRE for superior mesenteric artery (SMA) margin accentuation between May 2022 and April 2024 were included. Primary endpoints were diarrhea-related morbidity and mortality; secondary endpoints included R-status, recurrence, and metastases. IRE electrodes were initially positioned circumferentially around the SMA, but this approach was modified to hemi-circumferential placement and applied in six additional patients. Results : All five patients (median age 70, 80% female) in the initial cohort developed secretory diarrhea lasting a median of 6 months (IQR 5-6.5), with a median frequency of 5 stools/day (IQR 5-6.5). Two patients (40%) died due to diarrhea-associated cachexia. In contrast, among the six patients treated with the modified technique, patients' diarrhea resolved within a median of 8 days (IQR 6-10) without need for opioid or advanced antidiarrheal therapy. Conclusions : Circumferential IRE for SMA margin accentuation may damage the superior mesenteric plexus and induce severe, prolonged diarrhea. Hemi-circumferential application may mitigate this risk. Larger studies are required to validate these findings and optimize the use of IRE in PD.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-c2a41617148f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Multiparametric MRI to Predict Response to Irreversible Electroporation Plus Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Cao et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Magn Reson Med", "doi": "10.1002/mrm.70188", "pmid": "41266946", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) for early prediction of tumor response to combined irreversible electroporation (IRE) and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Methods: Murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells KRAS* were inoculated into…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1ecf03e680cb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Erratum: Diffusion MRI biomarkers predict the outcome of irreversible electroporation in a pancreatic tumor mouse model", "authors": "Figini", "year": 2025, "journal": "Am J Cancer Res", "doi": "10.62347/tvvq2064", "pmid": "40814381", "studyType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "[This corrects the article on p. 1615 in vol. 8, PMID: 30210929.].", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Düzeltme / Erratum", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Published Erratum" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt" }, { "id": "ref-1d970c1d8288", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Systemic immunomodulation by irreversible electroporation versus stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: the CROSSFIRE trial", "authors": "Geboers", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Immunother Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/jitc-2024-010222", "pmid": "40139834", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) and stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) are cytoreductive therapies for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Both may signify immunogenic cell death. We aimed to compare systemic immune responses between the treatments. Methods: As part of the randomized phase II CROSSFIRE trial (NCT02791503), comparing the oncological efficacy of IRE to SABR in patients with LAPC, pre- and post-treatment (2 weeks and 3 months) peripheral blood samples were collected. Frequency and activation status of lymphocytic and myeloid subsets were determined using flow cytometry. T cell responses to pancreatic cancer associated with Wilms tumor-1 (WT-1) and survivin tumor antigens were determined by interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Results: In total, 20 IRE and 20 SABR-treated participants were analyzed (20 men; median age 65 (IQR 55-70)). IRE induced immediate decreases in systemic regulatory T cell (Treg) and conventional type-1 dendritic cell rates, coinciding with CD4 + /CD8 + T cell activation by upregulation of PD-1, which was associated with improved overall survival (OS). SABR similarly induced immediate CD4 + /CD8 + T cell activation by upregulation of Ki67 and CD25 but resulted in asynchronously delayed Treg downregulation. SABR also induced a durable increase in CD4 + EM T cells, associated with improved OS. Ablation-induced WT-1 or survivin-specific T cell responses were observed in 9/16 (56%) immune competent participants (IRE n=5, SABR n=4) and were associated with longer OS. Conclusion: Distinct immune stimulatory responses associated with improved OS, suggest that SABR might benefit from combined Treg depletion strategies while IRE could benefit from PD-1 checkpoint inhibition. Trial registration number: The trial was registered on clinical trials.gov (NCT02791503).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II", "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-bcc99ae5d265", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Evaluation of Recurrence Risk in Irreversible Electroporation-Treated Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Patients Using Radiomics Signatures", "authors": "Gordon et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17142338", "pmid": "40723222", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate if radiomics signatures generated from longitudinal CT scans could predict IRE treatment effectiveness and outcomes in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Methods: A cohort of 50 (60% male, mean [SD] age 60.7 [8.7] years) LAPC patients treated with IRE were retrospectively selected. Preoperative and 12-week follow-up CT scans were reviewed by two radiologists for tumor segmentation. A total of 2078 features were extracted: shape ( n = 16), texture ( n = 68), filter ( n = 1892), intensity ( n = 18), and local texture ( n = 84). Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to develop composite radiomics features. Composite signatures and clinically relevant radiomics features were correlated with time to recurrence (TTR), time to local recurrence (TTLR), time to distant recurrence (TTDR), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Risk stratification performance was evaluated using hazard ratios (HRs), and significance was evaluated using the log-rank test. Results: Statistically significant separation between high and low patient TTR risk groups was observed in the following: gray-level co-occurrence matrix (HR = 2.65, p < 0.01, median survival difference = 6.6 mo); composite radiomics features derived from the following feature groups: all radiomics features (HR = 2.27, p = 0.01, median survival difference = 6.4 mo), intensity features (HR = 3.13, p < 0.01, median survival difference = 14.0 mo), and filter features (HR = 2.27, p = 0.01, median survival difference = 6.4 mo). Conclusions: Pre-treatment radiomics signatures were significantly associated with LAPC patient outcomes. The observed correlations used pre-treatment CT scans, implying that the features predict the individual risk of disease recurrence.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-0ac2eb648030", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Use of Irreversible Electroporation in Pancreatic Cancer Patients A Multi-Center Experience", "authors": "Hendrikx", "year": 2025, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol32100574", "pmid": "41149494", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 10%. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal ablative technique, may improve outcomes in locally advanced (LAPC) and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC). This multi-center retrospective study aims to evaluate postoperative complications, 90-day mortality, and survival following IRE. Methods: 35 pancreatic cancer patients were treated with IRE between 2015 and 2023 across three Belgian hospitals. IRE was performed for tumor destruction in unresectable LAPC (n = 13) (IRE-LAPC) and for margin accentuation during resection in BRPC (n = 22) (IRE-MA). Primary endpoints were 90-day mortality, complications, and survival (only 33 patients included); secondary endpoints included metastases, local recurrence, and R0-resection rates. Results: Postoperative complications occurred in 23.1% (IRE-LAPC) and 68.2% (IRE-MA) of patients. Overall survival at 24 months was 27.3% (IRE-LAPC) and 27.3% (IRE-MA). Median survival time was 12.7 months (IRE-LAPC) and 13.3 months (IRE-MA). Six patients (17.1%) died within 90 days. Metastasis occurred in 51.5% of patients after a median time of 9.8 months. Local recurrence was seen in 24.2% of patients after a median time of 7.5 months. R0 resection was achieved in 63.6% (IRE-MA). Discussion: IRE for margin accentuation in BRPC is associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality rates and cannot be considered beneficial. In unresectable LAPC, IRE appears relatively safe for local disease control. Further research should clarify patient selection and optimize its therapeutic role.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-429c96d19f4b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Power-Driven Electroporation Is Predictive of Treatment Outcomes in a Conductivity-Independent Manner", "authors": "Jacobs", "year": 2025, "journal": "BME Front", "doi": "10.34133/bmef.0169", "pmid": "40801007", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Objective: This study characterizes the effects of external conductivity on electroporation to develop methods to overcome potential patient-to-patient variability. Impact Statement: We demonstrate that constant power pulsed electric fields (PEFs) achieve consistent treatment outcomes despite variations in conductivity, thereby improving the predictability and efficacy of electroporation-based therapies. Introduction: Electropermeabilization-based therapies typically deliver static voltages between electrodes to induce cell permeabilization. However, tissue conductivity variations introduce uncertainty in treatment outcomes, as the tissue-specific electric field thresholds that induce electroporation also depend on the extracellular conductivity. Methods: Cell-laden hydrogels were fabricated with varying extracellular conductivities and treated with constant voltage PEFs. The voltages and currents were recorded to calculate the applied powers, and the reversible and irreversible electroporation thresholds were quantified using cell-impermeant and viability assays. Homogeneous and heterogeneous multi-tissue finite element models were employed to simulate the impact of tumor conductivity variability on the outcomes of reversible and irreversible electroporation for constant applied voltage, current, and power PEFs. Additionally, an in vivo murine pancreatic tumor model assessed the correlation between PEF delivery and treatment efficacy. Results: The In vitro experiments revealed that the electric field and current density thresholds were conductivity dependent, whereas the power density thresholds remained stable under variable conductivities. Computational modeling indicated that constant power PEFs best predicted tumor coverage in both homogeneous and heterogeneous multi-tissue models. Similarly, the in vivo tumor responses were also better predicted by applied power rather than voltage or current alone. Conclusions: Applying constant power PEFs enables consistent electroporation outcomes despite variations in conductivity.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7b3a18d59110", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Novel combination of irreversible electroporation and allogenic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy synergizes therapeutic outcomes in a preclinical human pancreatic cancer mouse model", "authors": "Jacobs et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "bioRxiv", "doi": "10.1101/2025.08.10.669537", "pmid": "40832328", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation modality used clinically for treating unresectable tumors while preserving vital structures through controlled application of pulsed electric fields. Previous data suggest that patient outcomes are enhanced with the induction of an anti-tumor immune…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cd1465a1eef1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Pancreatic Tissue Remodeling and Fibrosis After Irreversible Electroporation: A Histopathological and Thermal Perspective", "authors": "Kim", "year": 2025, "journal": "Biomedicines", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines13092222", "pmid": "41007782", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Background/Objectives : Traditional thermal ablation for pancreatic cancer is limited by collateral injury, often leading to complications such as pancreatitis. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal alternative. We investigated tissue responses in a porcine pancreas model, focusing on cell death, thermal effects, and fibrosis. Methods : Seven pigs underwent pancreatic IRE via open surgery. Local tissue temperature was monitored near the electrode. Histological evaluation included H&E, TUNEL (apoptosis), Ki-67 (proliferation), vimentin (fibroblast activation), and insulin staining. Tissue remodeling was assessed at multiple time points up to 14 days. Results : IRE induced marked apoptosis within the ablated region, peaking at day 2. The maximum measured temperature was 78.4 °C. Over two weeks, fibrosis progressed with increased collagen and fibroblast activity. Regeneration was partial, with Ki-67-positive cell proliferation and gradual loss of insulin expression, while unablated tissue showed minimal damage. Conclusions : IRE enables localized pancreatic ablation while sparing surrounding tissue. However, fibrosis limits full recovery. Limitations include small sample size, short follow-up, and species differences. Further studies are needed to refine IRE parameters and assess long-term functional outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-88f7d21a6ae8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Hypertension and tachycardia induced by irreversible electroporation in pancreatic cancer: An analysis based on clinical data", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "World J Gastrointest Surg", "doi": "10.4240/wjgs.v17.i9.110577", "pmid": "41024805", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel non-thermal ablation technology for unresectable tumors. Hypertension and tachycardia usually occur during the IRE. To date, there has been little explanation about this phenomenon. Aim: To investigate the reasons of hypertension and tachycardia and appropriate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6d0c42673978", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation in the Treatment of Lesions Near or Involving Gastrointestinal Structures", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-025-04247-9", "pmid": "41145767", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the safety and local efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for soft tissue lesions near or involving gastrointestinal structures. Material and methods: This single-center retrospective study analyzed patients treated with percutaneous IRE for lesions near or involving gastrointestinal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d5c9e92814b9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation as an intraoperative adjunctive treatment for locally advanced pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant therapy: An initial clinical experience", "authors": "Patel", "year": 2025, "journal": "Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg", "doi": "10.14701/ahbps.24-193", "pmid": "39819732", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Backgrounds/aims: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) may have a potential application as either a \"back-up therapy\" or for margin accentuation during trial dissection of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The aim of this report was to describe our experience with IRE in terms of its potential applications…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b949fbdf9a97", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Kolon ve Rektum Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "kolon-ve-rektum-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for treatment of colorectal cancer in a porcine model", "authors": "Rugivarodom", "year": 2025, "journal": "VideoGIE", "doi": "10.1016/j.vgie.2024.12.002", "pmid": "40093300", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Electroporation (EP) is a novel, highly selective, nonthermal modality for tissue ablation.1 Reversible EP occurs when an electrical field is applied to the target cell creating transmembrane potential differences that result in transient micropores in the cell membrane. Increased cell membrane permeability allows…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-25ac4feca355", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Targeting Splenic Myeloid Cells with Nanobiologics to Prevent Postablative Pancreatic Cancer Recurrence via Inducing Antitumor Peripheral Trained Immunity", "authors": "Wu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Adv Sci (Weinh)", "doi": "10.1002/advs.202413562", "pmid": "40289661", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Minimally invasive irreversible electroporation ablation shows promise for pancreatic cancer (PCa), but the high recurrence and metastasis rates pose a therapeutic challenge for loco-regional ablation treatment. Immunotherapy holds promise for preventing tumor recurrence, however, its efficacy against PCa remains limited. Here, using a preclinical model of PCa, it is identified that tumor development dramatically restructures the splenic immune landscape characterized by increased frequency of myeloid cells. Further, nanobiologics with high affinity for splenic myeloid cells using erythrocyte membrane fused with apoA1-modified liposomes are presented. Biocompatible CaCO 3 nanoparticles are incorporated to serve as a release reservoir of immunomodulatory therapeutics (muramyl dipeptide, MDP). The nanobiologics, MDCa@RBC-Alipo, induce antitumor-trained immunity by epigenetically and metabolically rewiring splenic myeloid cells, thereby overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in residual PCa following irreversible electroporation ablation. This approach enhances the therapeutic efficacy of aPD-L1 and significantly inhibits tumor recurrence and hemorrhagic ascites development. The trafficking of MDP directly to the spleen highlights a previously uncharacterized pathway for inducing peripheral trained immunity, thereby presenting a novel therapeutic approach for locally advanced PCa treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8e897afdb4ed", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Efficacy of irreversible electroporation combined with immunotherapy versus irreversible electroporation alone in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a propensity score-matched retrospective study", "authors": "Xi et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2025.1620988", "pmid": "40698084", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown promise in improving survival outcomes and activating the immune response in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Given these immune-enhancing effects, we hypothesized that combining IRE with immune checkpoint inhibitors may further improve treatment outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IRE combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy versus IRE alone in patients with LAPC. Methods: In this retrospective study, LAPC patients treated either with IRE plus toripalimab (240 mg administered 7 days post-IRE) or with IRE alone were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) analyses were employed for analysis. Clinical outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and treatment-related adverse events were analyzed and compared between the groups. Results: A total of 108 patients from August 2015 and Match 2024 from SYSUCC cohort were identified with 76 undergoing IRE and 32 undergoing IRE and toripalimab in this study. After PSM, 96 patients consisting of 64 and 32 patients in the IRE and combination groups were enrolled. Clinical factors were all balanced between two groups. Patients receiving IRE combined with toripalimab showed significantly improved OS (35.03 months; 95% CI: 30.94-39.13 vs. 15.87 months; 95% CI: 8.99-22.74; P=0.014) and PFS (14.33months; 95% CI: 11.19-17.47 vs. 7.47 months; 95% CI: 3.86-11.08; P=0.022) compared to those receiving IRE alone. No treatment-related mortality was reported in either group and no statistically significant differences were observed in terms of complications and adverse events between two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The combination of IRE and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy was associated with improved survival outcomes and acceptable safety profiles compared to IRE alone in patients with LAPC. Further investigation through prospective trials is warranted.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-7531332950be", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Targeting tumor-associated CCR2 + macrophages to inhibit pancreatic cancer recurrence following irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Xu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Sci Adv", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.adw2937", "pmid": "40700478", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with pronounced resistance to conventional therapies. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising therapy for PDAC; however, its clinical efficacy is limited by a high recurrence rate. Here, using a preclinical PDAC model, we characterized the tumor immune microenvironment following insufficient IRE (iIRE) through single-cell RNA sequencing. We found that iIRE induces a CCR2 + tumor-associated macrophage (CCR2 + TAM)-mediated immunosuppressive microenvironment in residual tumors. Consequently, we developed a macrophage-based proteolipid vesicle (mPLV) coencapsulating the CCR2 antagonist PF-4136309 (PF) and gemcitabine (GEM), named PF/GEM@mPLV. Our findings suggest that PF/GEM@mPLV achieves high drug accumulation within tumors through iIRE-induced inflammation. Reduction of CCR2 + TAMs enhances antitumor immunity and improves chemotherapeutic response. PF/GEM@mPLV markedly inhibits tumor recurrence following iIRE, diminishes hepatic metastases, and prolongs survival in preclinical PDAC models. These findings uncover the role of CCR2 + TAMs in iIRE-induced immunosuppression, offering a promising strategy to enhance the clinical potential of IRE in PDAC.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3e8fbc4ec5fb", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation is superior to resection for locally advanced pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.hbpd.2026.05.003", "pmid": "42177125", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is an aggressive gastrointestinal tumor with a dismal prognosis. Conventional resection is only suitable for nearly 30% of patients. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) could improve patient outcomes by extending survival while preserving life quality. This study…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-da6f5fccab91", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Novel Combination of Irreversible Electroporation and Allogenic Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Synergizes Therapeutic Outcomes in a Preclinical Human Pancreatic Cancer Mouse Model", "authors": "Jacobs", "year": 2026, "journal": "Research (Wash D C)", "doi": "10.34133/research.1105", "pmid": "41635510", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablation modality used clinically for treating unresectable tumors while preserving vital structures through controlled application of pulsed electric fields. Previous data suggest that patient outcomes are enhanced with the induction of an anti-tumor immune response, but current research focuses on using immune checkpoint inhibitors, which function through conventional immune pathways that may be down-regulated by cancer or dysregulated by chemo-induced lymphodepletion. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells overcome this limitation, as they are engineered with synthetic receptors that redirect lymphocytes to recognize and target cells expressing tumor-specific structures. CARs are engineered to have an increased binding affinity compared to in situ T-cell binding, amplify internal stimulation cascades, and release pro-inflammatory cytokines that can modulate the endogenous immune system. However, there are still major limitations for adoptive cell therapies in solid tumors, including life-threatening on-target off-tumor cytotoxicity, antigen escape, and failure to infiltrate and persist in solid tumors. Given the substantial evidence that IRE overcomes many of the challenges associated with immune infiltration and persistence in solid tumors, there is a strong premise for using targeted cell therapies following IRE, which would then target residual cancer that could repopulate the lesion. Here, we present the first proof-of-concept combination of IRE with CAR T cells. We validated that the cell membrane CAR target is not affected in electroporated cells that survive IRE, allowing for subsequent binding and elimination of residual tumor. The research demonstrates the feasibility and synergy of a novel combination of 2 clinically used techniques.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9537b15d9ac6", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "A copper nanoplatform with irreversible electroporation induces cuproptosis via lipid reprogramming and remodels tumor immunity in pancreatic cancer", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "J Control Release", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2026.115199", "pmid": "42503313", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu", "Apoptoz İndüksiyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most treatment-refractory malignancies, largely due to its dense stromal architecture and limited intratumoral drug penetration. Here, we developed a hyaluronic acid-modified polypyrrole-copper nanoparticle (PLGA-Cuppy@HA, mCuppy) for copper delivery and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-35ae879a95a0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Anti-PD-1 blockade reverses low-intensity electric stimulation-driven pancreatic cancer progression", "authors": "Jiang et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Front Immunol", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1793161", "pmid": "42238591", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) represents a potential therapeutic approach for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, differences in tumor size and shape can lead to an uneven distribution of the electric field, causing certain cells to receive only low-intensity electric stimulation (LIES). This study aimed to explore the tumor immune microenvironment following LIES and evaluate the synergistic antitumor effects of LIES combined with anti-PD-1 blockade. Methods: Orthotopic PDAC models in mice were treated with LIES with or without anti-PD-1 blockade. In vitro assays under varying electric fields assessed tumor cell viability, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Tumor immune microenvironment remodeling was comprehensively profiled using flow cytometry, multicolor immunofluorescence, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). The underlying mechanism was further investigated via bulk RNA sequencing and validated in vitro . Results: Orthotopic PDAC models were established and utilized for the first time to evaluate the immune modulation and macrophage polarization effects of LIES. Cell-based assays were conducted to assess the impact of varying field strengths on cell proliferation and migration. Anti-PD-1 blockade reversed the tumor growth and systemic antitumor responses following the LIES. Flow cytometry, multicolor immunofluorescence, and scRNA-seq revealed that combination therapy amplified CD8 + T cell activation. Further bulk RNA-seq analysis revealed that LIES activated the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, inducing expression of PD-L1 in PDAC cells. Conclusions: Anti-PD-1 blockade can reverse LIES-driven tumor progression by upregulating CD8 + T cell expression. The integration of anti-PD-1 blockade with IRE potentially overcomes the limitations of incomplete ablation within the LIES, thereby improving oncological outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ec446c6ddd76", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Combination of irreversible and calcium electroporation to overcome heterogeneity-associated incomplete ablation in the pancreas", "authors": "Ko et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-49049-2", "pmid": "41991586", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Kalsiyum Elektroporasyonu ve ATP Tükenmesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) can be considered as an alternative therapy for pancreatic tumors. However, a previous study revealed that the difference in electrical conductivity between the liver parenchyma and vessels was reported to result in local changes in electric field distribution during IRE, which may…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "kalsiyum-elektroporasyonu", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b3e517528948", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Prospective Evaluation of Irreversible Electroporation With Clustered Electrodes as a Novel Palliative Approach for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer", "authors": "Kwon", "year": 2026, "journal": "Korean J Radiol", "doi": "10.3348/kjr.2025.1394", "pmid": "41592550", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and oncologic outcomes of irreversible electroporation (IRE) using a clustered electrode in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Materials and methods: In this single-center prospective cohort study, 13 patients with LAPC (median age…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-13aff5b1796e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Disruption of iron homeostasis sensitizes pancreatic cancer to irreversible electroporation", "authors": "Li et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Nat Commun", "doi": "10.1038/s41467-026-68585-z", "pmid": "41554743", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Mitokondriyal Disfonksiyon ve Oksidatif Stres", "Sitotoksik İlaç Geçirgenliğinin Potansiyalizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an ablative treatment for pancreatic cancer. It utilizes high-intensity pulsed electric field (PEF) to eliminate cancer cells by irreversibly disrupting cell membranes. However, PEF intensity is distributed unevenly; and cancer cells may survive in regions where it falls below the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a7b7f2d3b6dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Sequential nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy followed by irreversible electroporation in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a retrospective real-world analysis", "authors": "Liu et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Cancer Biol Med", "doi": "10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0848", "pmid": "41840843", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest solid tumors. Patients who develop PDAC with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) or metastases have an especially poor prognosis[1][1]. Although there have been improvements in systemic therapy, long-term disease control is", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc" }, { "id": "ref-47dc6eb2cd27", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Irreversible electroporation associated with improved overall survival vs standard of care for stage 3 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma", "authors": "Martin et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.64898/2026.05.19.26353144", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Emerging evidence suggests irreversible electroporation (IRE) with standard-of-care (SOC) chemotherapy may improve survival in patients with Stage 3 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) when compared to SOC alone. This study evaluates the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of Stage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4bb76e69ecdd", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Pankreas Kanseri", "applicationSlug": "pankreas-kanseri", "applicationGroup": "Derin Organ Tümörleri", "title": "Nanoadjuvant-Mediated Electro-Immunotherapy Enhances Irreversible Electroporation for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Adv Mater", "doi": "10.1002/adma.202520546", "pmid": "41803617", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy, primarily attributable to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and limited responsiveness to conventional therapies. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal ablation technique, holds significant promise as it preserves critical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b89b68875a83", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation Implications for Prostate Ablation", "authors": "Onik et al", "year": 2007, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/153303460700600405", "pmid": "17668936", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Percutaneous prostate cryo-ablation has become an accepted treatment for primary prostate cancer. Thermal tissue ablation based on cold, however, does have some distinct limitations. These include, variable damage at the cryo lesions margin, injury to adjacent structures such as rectum, urethra and NVB (neurovascular…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-23d43612fb5c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Optimal Parameters for the Destruction of Prostate Cancer Using Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Rubinsky et al", "year": 2008, "journal": "J Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.juro.2008.08.003", "pmid": "18951581", "studyType": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "model": "Hücre Kültürü", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation is a new tissue ablation technique that consists of applying musecond pulses of direct current to create permanent defects in the cell membrane. Irreversible electroporation spares connective tissue in blood vessels and other tissue structures. When applied properly, it does not…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Vitro Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b49d2a7eea9d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Renal Tissue Ablation With Irreversible Electroporation Preliminary Results in a Porcine Model", "authors": "Deodhar et al", "year": 2011, "journal": "Urology", "doi": "10.1016/j.urology.2010.08.036", "pmid": "21111458", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the histopathologic and computed tomography imaging features associated with irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation performed in normal porcine kidneys. IRE is a nonthermal ablative tool that uses direct electrical pulses to create permanent \"pores\" in cell membranes and cell death. It…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9954b346ffb2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation An In Vivo Study with Dorsal Skin Fold Chamber", "authors": "Qin et al", "year": 2012, "journal": "Ann Biomed Eng", "doi": "10.1007/s10439-012-0686-1", "pmid": "23180025", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Doku İletkenliği ve Empedans Değişimi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been proposed to destroy large amounts of tumorous tissue and shows advantages over thermal therapies. Unfortunately, carefully constructed studies assessing impact in in vivo tumor systems and a direct comparison of IRE with thermal therapy are lacking. In this study, we…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-80bafa33f460", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The effects of metallic implants on electroporation therapies: feasibility of irreversible electroporation for brachytherapy salvage", "authors": "Neal et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-013-0704-1", "pmid": "23942593", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Electroporation-based therapies deliver brief electric pulses into a targeted volume to destabilize cellular membranes. Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (IRE) provides focal ablation with effects dependent on the electric field distribution, which changes in heterogeneous environments. It should be…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-230ef7f22eb9", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A randomized controlled trial on focal therapy for localized prostate carcinoma: hemiablation versus complete ablation with irreversible electroporation", "authors": "de la Rosette et al", "year": 2013, "journal": "J Endourol", "doi": "10.1089/end.2013.1568", "pmid": "23469828", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "PROSTATE CARCINOMA: HEMIABLATION VERSUS COMPLETE ABLATION WITH IRREVERSIBLE ELECTROPORATION W. van den Bos, B.G. Muller, and J.J.C.M.H. de la Rosette Focal therapy in prostate cancer Focal therapy is gaining interest as a treatment modality for prostate cancer.1 It is defined as a treatment that aims to eradicate known cancer within the prostate and preserve uninvolved prostatic tissue and consequently genitourinary function. Patients with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer are the best candidates for focal treatment, especially when it is unilateral disease and clinical stage \u0003cT2a.2 Because of intensified prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and improved radiological technologies,3 increased detection of early-stage local prostate cancer has occurred. With this, there will be an increasing demand for focal treatments. Awaiting the ultimate approach of focal therapy as described above, a variety of ablation techniques have been introduced.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-5c02a18f7474", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prostate cancer: irreversible electroporation is a safe and feasible option for focal therapy", "authors": "Fenner", "year": 2014, "journal": "Nat Rev Urol", "doi": "10.1038/nrurol.2014.260", "pmid": "25224444", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS PROSTATE CANCER Irreversible electroporation is a safe and feasible option for focal therapy A small clinical study from groups in London and Sydney has shown that irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an effective treatment for prostate tumours, with an excellent safety and adverse-effect profile. The concept of focal therapy to minimize the negative effects of prostate cancer treatment is well established. However, the therapeutic outcomes of focal therapies are variable and are often associated with adverse effects, including rectourethral fistulae. IRE uses nonthermal energy to create nanopores within the cell membrane of tumour cells, which results in cell death, and can be targeted specifically to cancerous cells without affecting surrounding tissue. In this report, IRE was administered using the NanoKnife®system (Angiodynamics, USA), which uses carefully positioned needles to delineate the treatment area.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Comment" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-bccc795cb680", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A prospective development study investigating focal irreversible electroporation in men with localised prostate cancer: Nanoknife Electroporation Ablation Trial (NEAT)", "authors": "Valerio et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Contemp Clin Trials", "doi": "10.1016/j.cct.2014.07.006", "pmid": "25072507", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Focal therapy may reduce the toxicity of current radical treatments while maintaining the oncological benefit. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been proposed to be tissue selective and so might have favourable characteristics compared to the currently used prostate ablative technologies. The aim of this trial is to determine the adverse events, genito-urinary side effects and early histological outcomes of focal IRE in men with localised prostate cancer. Methods: This is a single centre prospective development (stage 2a) study following the IDEAL recommendations for evaluating new surgical procedures. Twenty men who have MRI-visible disease localised in the anterior part of the prostate will be recruited. The sample size permits a precision estimate around key functional outcomes. Inclusion criteria include PSA ≤ 15 ng/ml, Gleason score ≤ 4 + 3, stage T2N0M0 and absence of clinically significant disease outside the treatment area. Treatment delivery will be changed in an adaptive iterative manner so as to allow optimisation of the IRE protocol. After focal IRE, men will be followed during 12 months using validated patient reported outcome measures (IPSS, IIEF-15, UCLA-EPIC, EQ-5D, FACT-P, MAX-PC). Early disease control will be evaluated by mpMRI and targeted transperineal biopsy of the treated area at 6 months. Discussion: The NEAT trial will assess the early functional and disease control outcome of focal IRE using an adaptive design. Our protocol can provide guidance for designing an adaptive trial to assess new surgical technologies in the challenging landscape of health technology assessment in prostate cancer treatment.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-5b67c61ad272", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Initial assessment of safety and clinical feasibility of irreversible electroporation in the focal treatment of prostate cancer", "authors": "Valerio et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis", "doi": "10.1038/pcan.2014.33", "pmid": "25179590", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: To evaluate the safety and clinical feasibility of focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) of the prostate. Methods: We assessed the toxicity profile and functional outcomes of consecutive patients undergoing focal IRE for localised prostate cancer in two centres. Eligibility was assessed by…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-cf6821bc0a1e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation Just another form of thermal therapy", "authors": "van Gemert et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "Prostate", "doi": "10.1002/pros.22913", "pmid": "25327875", "studyType": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "model": "Hesaplamalı Model", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is (virtually) always called non-thermal despite many reports showing that significant Joule heating occurs. Our first aim is to validate with mathematical simulations that IRE as currently practiced has a non-negligible thermal response. Our second aim is to present a…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "İn Siliko / Modelleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-6293b8daa1b1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation for the ablation of prostate cancer: a multicentre prospective human in vivo pilot study protocol", "authors": "van den Bos et al", "year": 2014, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006382", "pmid": "25354827", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Current surgical and ablative treatment options for prostate cancer have a relatively high incidence of side effects, which may diminish the quality of life. The side effects are a consequence of procedure-related damage of the blood vessels, bowel, urethra or neurovascular bundle. Ablation with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-76d126dd3df8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of prostate cancer: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) findings", "authors": "Niessen et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Clin Hemorheol Microcirc", "doi": "10.3233/CH-151985", "pmid": "26410867", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: To evaluate the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) after irreversible electroporation (IRE) of prostatic cancer tissue to assess the ablation status by depicting microvascularisation in the ablation area. Materials and methods: Retrospective evaluation of CEUS of 13 patients (mean age: 61.4 ± 7.5…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-be021027951e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal irreversible electroporation for prostate cancer: functional outcomes and short-term oncological control", "authors": "Ting et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis", "doi": "10.1038/pcan.2015.47", "pmid": "26458959", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Current data on the use of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) is limited. We aim to evaluate the safety, short-term functional and oncological outcomes of focal IRE in low-intermediate risk PCa. Methods: Between February 2013 and May 2014, 32 consecutive men…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-bc88bc434abc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal Therapy of Prostate Cancer Using Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Valerio et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Tech Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1053/j.tvir.2015.06.005", "pmid": "26365544", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Focal therapy is a novel strategy that attempts to enhance the therapeutic ratio of standard radical treatment in prostate cancer. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has some inherent characteristics that may be ideal for focal therapy. Precise confined ablation in the treatment area obtained via nonthermal damage…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-78d89facc58e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A prospective Phase 2a pilot study investigating focal percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation by NanoKnife in patients with localised renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with delayed interval tumour resection (IRENE trial)", "authors": "Wendler et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Contemp Clin Trials", "doi": "10.1016/j.cct.2015.05.002", "pmid": "25962890", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Focal ablation therapy is playing an increasing role in oncology and may reduce the toxicity of current surgical treatments while achieving adequate oncological benefit. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been proposed to be tissue-selective with potential advantages compared with current…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-31a60f57b311", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "First Delayed Resection Findings After Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) of Human Localised Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) in the IRENE Pilot Phase 2a Trial", "authors": "Wendler et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-015-1200-6", "pmid": "26341653", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: It is postulated that focal IRE affords complete ablation of soft-tissue tumours while protecting the healthy peritumoral tissue. Therefore, IRE may be an interesting option for minimally invasive, kidney-tissue-sparing, non-thermal ablation of renal tumours. Aim: With this current pilot study (\"IRENE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d7d2162c2388", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL ON IRREVERSIBLE ELECTROPORATION FOR LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER:FOCAL ABLATION VERSUS EXTENDED ABLATION", "authors": "van den Bos et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "J Endourol", "doi": "10.1089/end.2015.29001.vdb", "pmid": "26274021", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "FOR LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER: FOCAL ABLATION VERSUS EXTENDED ABLATION Willemien van den Bos and Jean de la Rosette Focal therapy in prostate cancer Focal therapy is gradually emerging as a middle ground between active surveillance and radical treatments for organ-confined prostate cancer. The aim is treating the known tumor areas but sparing the benign prostate tissue and surrounding structures such as bladder, rectum, and neurovascular bundles. By saving these essential structures, the morbidity of prostate cancer treatment should be reduced in comparison with radical therapies. Irreversible electroporation Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive technique using high-voltage electric pulses to create permanent nanopores in the cell membrane.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-e1445d0f65bc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "MRI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging for evaluation of focal irreversible electroporation treatment: results from a phase I-II study in patients undergoing IRE followed by radical prostatectomy", "authors": "van den Bos et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "Eur Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00330-015-4042-3", "pmid": "26449559", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an ablative therapy with a low side-effect profile in prostate cancer. The objective was: 1) To compare the volumetric IRE ablation zone on grey-scale transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) with histopathology…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5635c04c5a16", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The correlation between the electrode configuration and histopathology of irreversible electroporation ablations in prostate cancer patients", "authors": "van den Bos et al", "year": 2015, "journal": "World J Urol", "doi": "10.1007/s00345-015-1661-x", "pmid": "26296371", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel minimally invasive therapy for prostate cancer using short electric pulses to ablate prostate tissue. The purpose of this study is to determine the IRE effects in prostate tissue and correlate electrode configuration with the histology of radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens. We hypothesize that the area within the electrode configuration is completely ablated and that the area within the electrode configuration is predictive for the ablated area after treatment. Methods: A prospective phase I/II study was conducted in 16 consecutive patients with histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer scheduled for RP. Focal or extended IRE treatment of the prostate was performed 4 weeks prior to RP. The locations of the electrodes were used to calculate the planned ablation zone. Following RP, the specimens were processed into whole-mount sections, histopathology (PA) was assessed and ablation zones were delineated. The area of the tissue alteration was determined by measuring the surface. The planned and the histological ablation zones were compared, analysed per individual patient and per protocol (focal vs. extended). Results: All cells within the electrode configuration were completely ablated and consisted only of necrotic and fibrotic tissue without leaving any viable cells. The histological ablation zone was always larger than the electrodes configuration (2.9 times larger for the 3 electrodes configuration and 2.5 times larger for the ≥4 electrode configuration). These ablation effects extended beyond the prostatic capsule in the neurovascular bundle in 13 out of 15 cases. Conclusions: IRE in prostate cancer results in completely ablated, sharply demarcated lesions with a histological ablation zone beyond the electrode configuration. No skip lesions were observed within the electrode configuration. Clinical trials: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01790451 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01790451.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ff9e267e2bad", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Pilot Study to Assess Safety and Clinical Outcomes of Irreversible Electroporation for Partial Gland Ablation in Men with Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Murray et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2986", "pmid": "27113966", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Partial prostate gland ablation is a strategy to manage localized prostate cancer. Irreversible electroporation can ablate localized soft tissues. We describe 30 and 90-day complications and intermediate term functional outcomes in men undergoing prostate gland ablation using irreversible electroporation…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e72ec8ba0f58", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) in Renal Tumors", "authors": "Narayanan et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Curr Urol Rep", "doi": "10.1007/s11934-015-0571-1", "pmid": "26769468", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Small renal masses (SRMs) have been traditionally managed with surgical resection. Minimally invasive nephron-sparing treatment methods are preferred to avoid harmful consequences of renal insufficiency, with partial nephrectomy (PN) considered the gold standard. With increase in the incidence of the SRMs and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-26dba7957e5b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal vs extended ablation in localized prostate cancer with irreversible electroporation; a multi-center randomized controlled trial", "authors": "Scheltema et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "BMC Cancer", "doi": "10.1186/s12885-016-2332-z", "pmid": "27150293", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Current surgical and ablative treatment options for prostate cancer (PCa) may result in a high incidence of (temporary) incontinence, erectile dysfunction and/or bowel damage. These side effects are due to procedure related effects on adjacent structures including blood vessels, bowel, urethra and/or neurovascular bundle. Ablation with irreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown to be effective and safe in destroying PCa cells and also has the potential advantage of sparing surrounding tissue and vital structures, resulting in less impaired functional outcomes and maintaining men's quality of life. Methods/design: In this randomized controlled trial (RCT) on IRE in localized PCa, 200 patients with organ-confined, unilateral (T1c-T2b) low- to intermediate-risk PCa (Gleason sum score 6 and 7) on transperineal template-mapping biopsies (TTMB) will be included. Patients will be randomized into focal or extended ablation of cancer foci with IRE. Oncological efficacy will be determined by multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound imaging if available, TTMP and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) follow-up. Patients will be evaluated up to 5 years on functional outcomes and quality of life with the use of standardized questionnaires. Discussion: There is critical need of larger, standardized RCTs evaluating long-term oncological and functional outcomes before introducing IRE and other focal therapy modalities as an accepted and safe therapeutic option for PCa. This RCT will provide important short- and long-term data and elucidates the differences between focal or extended ablation of localized, unilateral low- to intermediate-risk PCa with IRE. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov database registration number NCT01835977. The Dutch Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects registration number NL50791.018.14.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-8d48261cae74", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation of Prostate Cancer: Patient-Specific Pretreatment Simulation by Electric Field Measurement in a 3D Bioprinted Textured Prostate Cancer Model to Achieve Optimal Electroporation Parameters for Image-Guided Focal Ablation", "authors": "Wendler et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-016-1390-6", "pmid": "27256102", "studyType": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Deneysel Biyofizik Çalışması", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-3d8e1de1e84c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Histopathological Outcomes after Irreversible Electroporation for Prostate Cancer: Results of an Ablate and Resect Study", "authors": "van den Bos et al", "year": 2016, "journal": "J Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2977", "pmid": "27004693", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz", "Transmembran Potansiyel Değişimi", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation is a tissue ablation modality that uses high voltage electric energy to induce an increase in cell membrane permeability. This causes destabilization of the existing cellular transmembrane potential leading to cell death, due to the inability to maintain cellular homeostasis. This…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I", "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-8558c824ddae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of prostate cancer: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) findings during follow up", "authors": "Beyer et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Clin Hemorheol Microcirc", "doi": "10.3233/CH-168125", "pmid": "27935553", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a focal non-thermal ablation technique that can be used to treat prostate cancer (Pca). The objective was to document the evolution of the volume of the prostate gland and the ablation zone after IRE of Pca. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of the image…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5038e00eef98", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "CT-Guided Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Recurrent Prostate Cancer following Radical Prostatectomy and Salvage Radiation Therapy", "authors": "Gebauer et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Vasc Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.jvir.2017.05.024", "pmid": "28841932", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Prostate Cancer following Radical Prostatectomy and Salvage Radiation Therapy From: Bernhard Gebauer, MD Judith Enders, MD Alexander D.J. Baur, MD Bernd Hamm, MD Federico Collettini, MD B.G. receives personal fees from Philips (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), Siemens (Munich, Germany), SIRTex (New South Wales, Australia), Roche (Basel, Switzerland), Merck (Kenilworth, New Jersey), Icon Bioscience (Sunnyvale, California), Parexel (Waltham, Massachusetts), C.R. Bard (Murray Hill, New Jersey), Pfizer (New York, New York), Bayer (Leverkusen, Germany), and Ipsen (Cambridge, Massachusetts), and nonfinancial support from Philips, AngioDynamics (Latham, New York), Bayer, and 3M (Maplewood, Minnesota). A.D.J.B. receives grants, personal fees, and nonfinancial support from Bayer. F.C.", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-ae2b0e0b343b", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Feasibility and safety of focal irreversible electroporation as salvage treatment for localized radio-recurrent prostate cancer", "authors": "Scheltema et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.13991", "pmid": "28834167", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, early quality-of-life (QoL) and oncological outcomes of salvage focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) for radio-recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). Patients and methods: Patients with localized, radio-recurrent PCa without evidence of metastatic or nodal disease were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4aeecf64c614", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation in Treatment of Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Stehling et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Handbook of Electroporation", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-32886-7_125", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Sinir ve Damar Yapılarının Korunması" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE), since its first introduction into the medical field in 2005, is gaining importance as a tissue ablation method. Being basically nonthermal, IRE destroys cells while preserving tissue infrastructure, i.e., all noncellular tissue elements. This property accounts for IRE’s low toxicity…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Handbook of Electroporation bölümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-43ba060c09dc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Nanoknife Electroporation Ablation Trial: A Prospective Development Study Investigating Focal Irreversible Electroporation for Localized Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Valerio et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "J Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.juro.2016.09.091", "pmid": "27697580", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Irreversible electroporation has attractive attributes for focal ablation, namely nonthermal effect, precise demarcation of treatment and tissue selectivity. We report a prospective development study investigating focal irreversible electroporation. Materials and methods: A total of 20 men with certain…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Yazar el yazması sürümü", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9d740e7aa182", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Initial assessment of clinical feasibility, safety and efficacy of NanoKnife irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the focal treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with delayed interval tumor resection (IRENE trial)", "authors": "Wendler et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "European Urology Supplements", "doi": "10.1016/S1569-9056(17)30129-X", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "& OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility, adverse event profile, functional outcome and efficacy of focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) for pT1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in consecutive patients of the first prospective, monocentric Phase 2a pilot ablate-and-resect study (IRENE trial). For this new technology a complete ablation of soft-tissue tumors with protection of healthy peritumoral tissue and anatomical structures has been postulated. MATERIAL & METHODS: Approval for this GCP-compliant study [NCT01967407 (10/2013)] was granted by the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices BfArM (CIV-12-4-006021) and authorized ethics [73/2012]. 7 patients (mean age 68 y; ECOG 0-2; Charlson Score 0-2) with biopsy proven RCC pT1a cN0cM0 (5/7 clear-cell, 2/7 papillary; located cortically 5/7 and centrally 2/7) with a mean tumor size of 22 mm (range 15-39) underwent percutaneous CT-guided (Aquillion prime CT scanner, Toshiba, USA) IRE (NanoKnife system, AngioDynamics, USA).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ] }, { "id": "ref-daa975337123", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal irreversible electroporation as primary treatment for localized prostate cancer", "authors": "van den Bos et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.13983", "pmid": "28796935", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To determine the safety, quality of life (QoL) and short-term oncological outcomes of primary focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCa), and to identify potential risk factors for oncological failure. Patients and methods: Patients who met the consensus…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-86d03a238eb2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "First Human Trial of High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Therapy for Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Dong et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Technol Cancer Res Treat", "doi": "10.1177/1533033818789692", "pmid": "30045668", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation, as a nonthermal therapy of prostate cancer, has been used in clinic for several years. The mechanism of irreversible electroporation ablation is thermal independent; thus, the main structures (eg, rectum, urethra, and neurovascular bundle) in prostate are spared during the treatment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-7a7f98bc72fc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Impact on genitourinary function and quality of life following focal irreversible electroporation of different prostate segments", "authors": "Garvan Institute et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Diagn Interv Radiol", "doi": "10.5152/dir.2018.17374", "pmid": "30211680", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the genitourinary function and quality of life (QoL) following the ablation of different prostate segments with irreversible electroporation (IRE) for localized prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Sixty patients who received primary focal IRE for organ-confined PCa were recruited for this study. Patients were evaluated for genitourinary function and QoL per prostate segment treated (anterior vs. posterior, apex vs. base vs. apex-to-base, unilateral vs. bilateral). IRE system settings and patient characteristics were compared between patients with preserved vs. those with impaired erectile function and urinary continence. Data were prospectively collected at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months using the expanded prostate cancer index composite, American Urological Association symptom score, SF-12 physical and mental component summary surveys. Difference over time within segments per questionnaire was evaluated using the Wilcoxon's signed rank test. Outcome differences between segments were assessed using covariance models. Baseline measurements included questionnaire scores, age, and prostate volume. Results: There were no statistically significant changes over time for overall urinary (P = 0.07-0.89), bowel (P = 0.06-0.79), physical (P = 0.18-0.71) and mental (P = 0.45-0.94) QoL scores within each segment. Deterioration of sexual function scores was observed at 6 months within each segment (P = 0.001-0.16). There were no statistically significant differences in QoL scores between prostate segments (P = 0.08-0.97). Older patients or those with poor baseline sexual function at time of treatment were associated with a greater risk of developing erectile dysfunction. Conclusion: IRE is a feasible modality for all prostate segments without any significantly different effect on the QoL outcomes. Older patients and those with poor sexual function need to be counseled regarding the risk of erectile dysfunction.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-b0e7e9a00087", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Ablation energies for focal treatment of prostate cancer", "authors": "Lodeizen et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "World J Urol", "doi": "10.1007/s00345-018-2364-x", "pmid": "29943219", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Context: In recent years, focal therapy has emerged as a treatment option for a selected group of men with localized prostate cancer. Cryotherapy and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are the most investigated types of focal treatment with other options currently under evaluation. Objective: The objective of the study was to give a comprehensive overview of six available focal treatment options for prostate cancer with their rationale, delivery mechanism, and outcomes. Information acquisition: The SIU ICUD chapter on available Energies to Treat Prostate Cancer was used as a guide to describe the different technologies. For outcomes, a literature search was conducted using PubMed key words including focal therapy, HIFU, cryotherapy, irreversible electroporation, vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy, laser interstitial therapy, radiofrequency ablation, microwave therapy, and their synonyms in MeSH terms. Conclusion: Focal therapy appears to have encouraging outcomes on quality of life and urinary and erectile function. For oncological outcomes, it is challenging to fully interpret the outcomes due to heterogeneity in patient selection and short-term follow-up.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-048ef5958867", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Initial Assessment of the Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation in the Focal Treatment of Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma With Delayed-interval Kidney Tumor Resection (Irreversible Electroporation of Kidney Tumors Before Partial Nephrectomy [IRENE] Trial-An Ablate-and-Resect Pilot Study)", "authors": "Wendler et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Urology", "doi": "10.1016/j.urology.2017.12.016", "pmid": "29305201", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Elektrot Geometrisi ve Yerleşimi", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Objective: To assess the efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of pT1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the first prospective, monocentric phase 2a pilot ablate-and-resect study (Irreversible Electroporation of Kidney Tumors Before Partial Nephrectomy [IRENE] trial). It has been postulated that focal…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-fd686b439241", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal therapy versus robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in the management of clinical T1 renal masses: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Yoon et al", "year": 2018, "journal": "Medicine (Baltimore)", "doi": "10.1097/MD.0000000000013102", "pmid": "30407321", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Background: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) and focal therapy (FT) have both been successfully employed in the management of small renal masses. However, despite this being the era of minimally invasive surgery, few comparative studies exist on RPN and FT. The aim of our study is to review perioperative…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f2fd4d98d46e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Image-guided Irreversible Electroporation of Localized Prostate Cancer Functional and Oncologic Outcomes", "authors": "Collettini et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.2019181987", "pmid": "31161973", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablative method based on the formation of nanoscale defects in cell membranes leading to cell death. Clinical experience with the technique for treatment of prostate cancer remains limited. Purpose To evaluate urogenital toxicity and oncologic outcome of…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-51850e611b90", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prostate cancer treatment with Irreversible Electroporation (IRE): Safety, efficacy and clinical experience in 471 treatments", "authors": "Guenther et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "PLoS One", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0215093", "pmid": "30986263", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Ekstraselüler Matriks ve Doku İskeletinin Korunması" ], "abstract": "Background: Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided tissue ablation technology that induces cell death via very short but strong pulsed electric fields. IRE has been shown to have preserving properties towards vessels and nerves and the extracellular matrix. This makes IRE an ideal candidate to treat prostate cancer (PCa) where other treatment modalities frequently unselectively destroy surrounding structures inducing severe side effects like incontinence or impotence. We report the retrospective assessment of 471 IRE treatments in 429 patients of all grades and stages of PCa with 6-year maximum follow-up time. Material and findings: The patient cohort consisted of low (25), intermediate (88) and high-risk cancers (312). All had multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging, and 199 men had additional 3D-mapping biopsy for diagnostic work-up prior to IRE. Patients were treated either focally (123), sub-whole-gland (154), whole-gland (134) or for recurrent disease (63) after previous radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, etc. Adverse effects were mild (19.7%), moderate (3.7%) and severe (1.4%), never life-threatening. Urinary continence was preserved in all cases. IRE-induced erectile dysfunction persisted in 3% of the evaluated cases 12 months post treatment. Mean transient IIEF-5-Score reduction was 33% within 12-month post IRE follow-up and 15% after 12 months. Recurrences within the follow-up period occurred in 10% of the treated men, 23 in or adjacent to the treatment field and 18 outside the treatment field (residuals). Including residuals for worst case analysis, Kaplan Maier estimation on recurrence rate at 5 years resulted in 5.6% (CI95: 1.8-16.93) for Gleason 6, 14.6% (CI95: 8.8-23.7) for Gleason 7 and 39.5% (CI95: 23.5-61.4) for Gleason 8-10. Conclusion: The results indicate comparable efficacy of IRE to standard radical prostatectomy in terms of 5-year recurrence rates and better preservation of urogenital function, proving the safety and suitability of IRE for PCa treatment. The data also shows that IRE, besides focal therapy of early PCa, can also be used for whole-gland ablations, in patients with recurrent PCa, and as a problem-solver for local tumor control in T4-cancers not amenable to surgery and radiation therapy anymore.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-72038332e0d8", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for the Ablation of Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Karagiannis et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Curr Urol Rep", "doi": "10.1007/s11934-019-0929-x", "pmid": "31478109", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose of review: Although still considered experimental, focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) as a primary treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) is considered one of the most promising ablative technologies for focal therapy. This review provides a description of the principle of IRE for the treatment of PCa…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-505c640393ce", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Preliminary Diagnostic Accuracy of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Detect Residual Prostate Cancer Following Focal Therapy with Irreversible Electroporation", "authors": "Scheltema et al", "year": 2019, "journal": "Eur Urol Focus", "doi": "10.1016/j.euf.2017.10.007", "pmid": "29102671", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: It is recommended to perform multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the follow-up following focal therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of mpMRI to detect residual PCa following focal therapy with irreversible electroporation. Design, setting, and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-298d54529fe3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal ablation of apical prostate cancer lesions with irreversible electroporation (IRE)", "authors": "Blazevski et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "World J Urol", "doi": "10.1007/s00345-020-03275-z", "pmid": "32488359", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction and objective: To assess the safety, oncological and quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes of focal ablation of apical prostate cancer (PCa) lesions with irreversible electroporation (IRE). Methods: Patients were included in the study if they had a PCa lesion within 3 mm of the apical capsule treated with IRE…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-76d786b1d9ae", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Oncological and Quality-of-life Outcomes Following Focal Irreversible Electroporation as Primary Treatment for Localised Prostate Cancer: A Biopsy-monitored Prospective Cohort", "authors": "Blazevski et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Eur Urol Oncol", "doi": "10.1016/j.euo.2019.04.008", "pmid": "31103721", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) can be used to treat men with localised prostate cancer (PCa) with reduced impact on quality of life (QoL). Objective: To assess oncological and functional outcomes. Design, setting, and participants: To report on a prospective database of patients undergoing…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-60a2444110ca", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal irreversible electroporation for localized prostate cancer management: prospective assessment of efficacy and safety", "authors": "Enikeev et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Minerva Urol Nefrol", "doi": "10.23736/S0393-2249.20.03840-0", "pmid": "32638576", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "openalex", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-7f66c9604d58", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A systematic review of irreversible electroporation in localised prostate cancer treatment", "authors": "Morozov et al", "year": 2020, "journal": "Andrologia", "doi": "10.1111/and.13789", "pmid": "32786087", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation is a treatment option used for focal therapy. In this systematic review, we summarise data on irreversible electroporation outcomes in patients with localised prostate cancer. We performed a literature search in 3 databases and included articles with own data on irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-d0e6c36a616f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Cryoablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound, irreversible electroporation, and vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy for prostate cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis", "authors": "Guo et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Int J Clin Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s10147-020-01847-y", "pmid": "33387088", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Cryoablation (CA), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), irreversible electroporation (IRE), and vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) have been evaluated as novel strategies for selected patients with prostate cancer (PCa). We aim to determine the current status of literature regarding the clinical…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a4a68e6058e3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Evaluation of clinical and mpMRI findings of irreversible electroporation therapy for the treatment of localized prostate cancer: Preliminary results", "authors": "Güleryüz Kızıl et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Turk J Urol", "doi": "10.5152/tud.2021.21040", "pmid": "35118956", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate early clinical and multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) results of irreversible electroporation (IRE) efficiency in treatment of localized prostate cancer. Material and methods: For the patients in whom IRE was performed for local ablation, mpMRI was used for the sixth…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-82b1f8ee0003", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Combinatorial effect of radium-223 and irreversible electroporation on prostate cancer bone metastasis in mice", "authors": "Rojo et al", "year": 2021, "journal": "Int J Hyperthermia", "doi": "10.1080/02656736.2021.1914873", "pmid": "33882773", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Metastatic prostate cancer in bone is difficult to treat as the tumor cells are relatively resistant to hormonal or chemotherapies when compared to primary prostate cancer. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive ablation procedure that has potential applications in the management of prostate cancer in bone. However, a common limitation of IRE is tumor recurrence, which arises from incomplete ablation that allows remaining cancer cells to proliferate. In this study, we combined IRE with radium-223 (Ra-223), a bone-seeking radionuclide that emits short track length alpha particles and thus is associated with reduced damage to the bone marrow and evaluated the impact of the combination treatment on bone-forming prostate cancer tumors. Methods: The antitumor activity of IRE and Ra-223 as single agents and in combination was tested in vitro against three bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4)-expressing prostate cancer cell lines (C4-2B-BMP4, Myc-CaP-BMP4, and TRAMP-C2-BMP4). Similar evaluation was performed in vivo using a bone-forming C4-2B-BMP4 tumor model in nude mice. Results: IRE and Ra-223 as monotherapy inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro , and their combination resulted in significant reduction in cell viability compared to monotherapy. In vivo evaluation revealed that IRE with single-dose administration of Ra-233, compared to IRE alone, reduced the rate of tumor recurrence by 40% following initial apparent complete ablation and decreased the rate of proliferation of incompletely ablated tumor as quantified in Ki-67 staining (53.58 ± 16.0% for IRE vs. 20.12 ± 1.63%; for IRE plus Ra-223; p = 0.004). Histological analysis qualitatively showed the enhanced killing of tumor cells adjacent to bone by Ra-223 compared to those treated with IRE alone. Conclusion: IRE in combination with Ra-223, which enhanced the destruction of cancer cells that are adjacent to bone, resulted in reduction of tumor recurrence through improved clearance of proliferative cells in the tumor region.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-eaa91c03093e", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Parameters Affecting High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation for Prostate Cancer Ablation", "authors": "Aycock et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "J Biomech Eng", "doi": "10.1115/1.4053595", "pmid": "35044426", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Termal Etki ve Joule Isınması", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi" ], "abstract": "While the primary goal of focal therapy for prostate cancer (PCa) is conserving patient quality of life by reducing oncological burden, available modalities use thermal energy or whole-gland radiation which can damage critical neurovascular structures within the prostate and increase risk of genitourinary dysfunction…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-9561eb589a00", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Diagnostic Accuracy of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Detect Residual Prostate Cancer Following Irreversible Electroporation-A Multicenter Validation Study", "authors": "Geboers et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Eur Urol Focus", "doi": "10.1016/j.euf.2022.04.010", "pmid": "35577751", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Accurate monitoring following focal treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) is paramount for timely salvage treatment or retreatment. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) to detect residual PCa in the short-term follow-up of focal treatment with…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3425d3c77ff2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The SAFE Pilot Trial-SAlvage Focal Irreversible Electroporation-For Recurrent Localized Prostate Cancer: Rationale and Study Protocol", "authors": "Marra", "year": 2022, "journal": "Front Surg", "doi": "10.3389/fsurg.2022.900528", "pmid": "35747441", "studyType": "Protokol", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Currently, the majority of prostate cancer (PCa) recurrences after non-surgical first-line treatment are managed with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). Salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP) is a curative alternative to ADT but yields significant morbidity. Preliminary evidence from focal salvage treatments shows similar oncological control but lower morbidity compared to sRP. Among available ablative focal energies, irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a treatment modality that proved promising, especially in treating apical lesions, where PCa most often recurs. Our aim is to test the safety of salvage IRE for recurrent PCa. Methods: We performed a single-arm pilot feasibility study (IDEAL stage 2a): SAFE, SAlvage Focal irreversible Electroporation for recurrent localized PCa. Twenty patients with biopsy-proven PCa recurrence after primary non-surgical (radiation or ablation) treatment were included. All men will undergo mpMRI ± targeted biopsies, pre-operative PSMA-PET staging before inclusion and sIRE. Outcomes will be evaluated through internationally validated questionnaires and morbidity scales. All men will undergo a control biopsy at one year. Results: Primary objectives were the evaluation of the safety of sIRE (and patients' quality of life) after treatment. Secondary objectives were the evaluation of functional outcomes, namely, continence and erectile function changes and evaluation of short-term oncological efficacy. Conclusions: SAFE is the second pilot study to evaluate sIRE and the first one performed according to the most recent diagnostic and staging imaging standards. sIRE may provide a curative option for recurrent PCa together with lower comorbidities compared to sRP.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-e959fe702e7d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Rectourethral fistula following focal irreversible electroporation for prostate cancer", "authors": "Ong et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "BMJ Case Rep", "doi": "10.1136/bcr-2022-249816", "pmid": "39901390", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "A man in his 50s presented 4-week postirreversible electroporation (IRE) for low-to-intermediate risk prostate cancer with urinary symptoms, diarrhoea and passing fluid per rectum when urinating. Urine microscopy and sensitivities showed raised leucocytes, erythrocytes and pansensitive Escherichia coli A CT cystogram…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0d80198ce985", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Median 5‐year outcomes of primary focal irreversible electroporation for localised prostate cancer", "authors": "Scheltema et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.15946", "pmid": "36495481", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate longer-term oncological and functional outcomes of focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) as primary treatment for localised clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) at a median follow-up of 5 years (up to 10 years). Patients and methods: All patients that underwent focal IRE as primary…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f6ddfc7797cf", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal therapy for prostate cancer with irreversible electroporation: Oncological and functional results of a single institution study", "authors": "Yaxley et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "Investig Clin Urol", "doi": "10.4111/icu.20210472", "pmid": "35534217", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) for prostate cancer aims to reduce quality of life complications, however outcomes data remains limited. We aimed to evaluate histological in-field clearance of prostate cancer at ≥12 months post-IRE. Materials and methods: Retrospective review of prospectively…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-1021a7499df5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Outcomes of salvage radical prostatectomy after initial irreversible electroporation treatment for recurrent prostate cancer", "authors": "van Riel et al", "year": 2022, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.15759", "pmid": "35474600", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate: (i) safety, (ii) feasibility, and medium-term (iii) oncological and (iv) functional outcomes of salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP) for recurrent localised prostate cancer (PCa) following initial focal therapy using irreversible electroporation (IRE). Patients and methods: An international…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5bbdc5fc8718", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Salvage irreversible electroporation for radio‐recurrent prostate cancer – the prospective FIRE trial", "authors": "Blazevski et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.15947", "pmid": "36495482", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To prospectively assess the safety, functional- and oncological-outcomes of irreversible electroporation (IRE) as salvage therapy for radio-recurrent focal prostate cancer in a multicenter setting. Patients and methods: Men with focal recurrent PCa after external beam radiation or brachytherapy without…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-27ca54a348ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "[Expert recommendation on image-guided irreversible electroporation ablation treatment for renal carcinoma (2023 edition)]", "authors": "CIMIT uzman grubu", "year": 2023, "journal": "Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi", "doi": "10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220505-00991", "pmid": "36649986", "studyType": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation ablation therapy can destroy tumor cells while retaining the integrity of the important surrounding physiological structures. It is suitable for patients with renal cell carcinoma who cannot be surgically resected or who do not want surgical resection, and can ensure the best postoperative…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": "Çince özgün metin", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Kılavuz / Uzlaşı", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a4d8ebe82039", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Real-World Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation and High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Prostate Cancer Ablation", "authors": "Cribbs et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Urology", "doi": "10.1016/j.urology.2023.01.024", "pmid": "36736917", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To assess the comparative safety and effectiveness of 2 prostate cancer treatment ablation modalities: irreversible electroporation (IRE) and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).  METHODS: Two systematic literature reviews (SLRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) on IRE and HIFU were…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-f6ac5f22e0f5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Radiation Therapy and Irreversible Electroporation for Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer (RTIRE)", "authors": "Diven et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics", "doi": "10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2485", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Kongre Özeti", "sourceNote": "Kongre özeti; sayfada ilgisiz başka özetler de var", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Kongre Özeti", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-ab87e7dc28", "studyRelation": "conference-version-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:diven", "yil-farki:1", "belge-turu:kongre-ozeti" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-2b4e5b0c7e9a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Median 4-year outcomes of salvage irreversible electroporation for localized radio-recurrent prostate cancer", "authors": "Geboers et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.15948", "pmid": "36594205", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the safety, and short to mid-term oncological and quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes of focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) for radio-recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) at a median follow-up of 4 years. Patients and methods: This was a single-centre series of men with biopsy-proven…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal tümör kontrolü", "Lokal nüks", "Sağkalım", "Yaşam kalitesi", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-158e6a77e19c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prostate Cancer IRE Study (PRIS): A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Focal Therapy to Radical Treatment in Localized Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Lantz et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Eur Urol Open Sci", "doi": "10.1016/j.euros.2023.03.003", "pmid": "37091033", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The aim of focal treatments (FTs) in prostate cancer (PCa) is to treat lesions while preserving surrounding benign tissue and anatomic structures. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal technique that uses high-voltage electric pulses to increase membrane permeability and induce membrane disruption in cells, which potentially causes less damage to the surrounding tissue in comparison to other ablative techniques. We summarize the study protocol for the Prostate Cancer IRE Study (PRIS), which involves two parallel randomized controlled trials comparing IRE with (1) robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) or (2) radiotherapy in men with newly diagnosed intermediate-risk PCa (NCT05513443). To reduce the number of patients for inclusion and the study duration, the primary outcomes are functional outcomes: urinary incontinence in study 1 and irritative urinary symptoms in study 2. Providing evidence of the lower impact of IRE on functional outcomes will lay a foundation for the design of future multicenter studies with an oncological outcome as the primary endpoint. Erectile function, quality of life, treatment failure, adverse events, and cost effectiveness will be evaluated as secondary objectives. Patients diagnosed with Gleason score 3 + 4 or 4 + 3 PCa from a single lesion visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without any Gleason grade 4 or higher in systematic biopsies outside of the target (unifocal significant disease), aged ≥40 yr, with no established extraprostatic extension on multiparametric MRI, a lesion volume of <1.5 cm 3 , prostate-specific antigen <20 ng/ml, and stage ≤T2b are eligible for inclusion. The study plan is to recruit 184 men.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-ea5f7f6f6e47", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation for prostate cancer using PSMA PET-CT", "authors": "Shin et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "Prostate Int", "doi": "10.1016/j.prnil.2022.08.004", "pmid": "36910902", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Kas Kasılması ve Anestezi Gereksinimi" ], "abstract": "Background: To demonstrate the clinical usefulness of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) computerized tomography (CT) for irreversible electroporation (IRE) in prostate cancer patients. Methods: From January to May 2021, 17 men were diagnosed with localized prostate cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4291fc27192f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A multi-center international study to evaluate the safety, functional and oncological outcomes of Irreversible Electroporation for the ablation of prostate cancer", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2023, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3248717/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "BACKGROUND Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel technique to treat localized prostate cancer with the aim of achieving oncological control while reducing related side effects. We present the outcomes of localized prostate cancer treated with IRE from a multi-center prospective registry. METHODS Men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer were recruited to receive IRE. All the patients underwent prostate biopsy at 1-year post-IRE ablation. The functional outcomes were measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaires. The safety of IRE was graded by the treatment-related adverse events (AEs) according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). RESULTS 411 patients were recruited in this study from July 2015 to April 2020. The median follow-up time was 24 months (IQR 15–36). 116 patients underwent repeat prostate biopsy during 12–18 months after IRE. Clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason ≥ 3 + 4) was detected in 24.1% (28/116) of the patients; any grade prostate cancers were found in 59.5% (69/116) of the patients. The IPSS score increased significantly from 7.1 to 8.2 (p = 0.015) at 3 months but decreased to 6.1 at 6 months (p = 0.017). Afterwards, the IPSS level remained stable during follow-up. The IIEF-5 score decreased at 3 months from 16.0 to 12.1 (p < 0.001) and then maintained equable afterwards. The rate of AEs was 1.8% at 3 months and then dropped to less than 1% at 6 months and remained stable until 48 months after IRE. Major AEs (Grade 3 or above) were rare. CONCLUSION For men with localized prostate cancer, IRE could achieve good urinary and sexual function outcomes and a reasonable oncological result. The real-world data are consistent with earlier studies, including recently published randomized controlled studies. The long-term oncological results need further investigation and follow-up.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-9a6694d246", "studyRelation": "preprint-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:zhang", "yil-farki:1", "on-baski-kaydi:10.21203/rs." ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by", "versionOf": "ref-214d7dc8c642" }, { "id": "ref-d85bbed997e4", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Effect of Focal vs Extended Irreversible Electroporation for the Ablation of Localized Low- or Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer on Early Oncological Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "JAMA Surg", "doi": "10.1001/jamasurg.2022.7516", "pmid": "36723911", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Importance: Focal ablative irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a therapy that treats only the area of the tumor with the aim of achieving oncological control while reducing treatment-related functional detriment. Objective: To evaluate the effect of focal vs extended IRE on early oncological control for patients…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-b0857dece988", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A Multicenter, Randomized, Single-blind, 2-Arm Intervention Study Evaluating the Adverse Events and Quality of Life After Irreversible Electroporation for the Ablation of Localized Low-intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer", "authors": "de la Rosette et al", "year": 2023, "journal": "J Urol", "doi": "10.1097/JU.0000000000003051", "pmid": "36441776", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Purpose: Our goal was to evaluate the effect of focal vs extended irreversible electroporation on side effects, patient-reported quality of life, and early oncologic control for localized low-intermediate risk prostate cancer patients. Materials and methods: Men with localized low-intermediate risk prostate cancer…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "other-oa", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-680a7013ca3f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes of Image-Guided Irreversible Electroporation for Localized Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Collettini et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-024-03826-6", "pmid": "39112790", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Letter" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-15390bd3aec1", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Radiation therapy and IRreversible electroporation for intermediate risk prostate cancer (RTIRE", "authors": "Diven", "year": 2024, "journal": "BMC Urol", "doi": "10.1186/s12894-024-01506-8", "pmid": "39054460", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: Radiation Therapy and IRreversible Electroporation for Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer (RTIRE) is a phase II clinical trial testing combination of radiation therapy and irreversible electroporation for intermediate risk prostate cancer BACKGROUND: PCa is the most common non-cutaneous cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer death in men. PCa treatment is associated with long term side effects including urinary, sexual, and bowel dysfunction. Management of PCa is based on risk stratification to prevent its overtreatment and associated treatment-related toxicity. There is increasing interest in novel treatment strategies, such as focal therapy, to minimize treatment associated morbidity. Focal therapy alone has yet to be included in mainstream guidelines, given ongoing concerns with potentially higher risk of recurrence. We hypothesize combining focal therapy with whole gland, reduced dose radiotherapy will provide acceptable oncologic efficacy with minimal treatment associated morbidity. RTIRE is a phase II single institution, investigator-initiated study combining a local ablative technique though local irreversible electroporation (IRE) with MR guided RT (MRgRT) to treat the entire prostate. The goal is to provide excellent oncologic outcomes and minimize treatment related side effects through leveraging benefits of locally ablative therapy with established radiation treatment techniques. Methods: A total of 42 men with intermediate risk PCa per NCCN guidelines and focal grade group (GG) 2 or 3, Gleason Score (GS) 3 + 4 or GS 4 + 3, cancer in an MRI target will be enrolled. Patients with MRI visible foci of GG2/GG3 will undergo focal therapy with IRE of this lesion. Following successful focal therapy, patients will then undergo a course of reduced dose, whole gland MRgRT with either 32.5 Gy in 5 Fractions or 22 Gy in 2 fractions. The primary objective of the study is to determine safety. Secondary outcomes include evaluation of oncologic efficacy (as measured by the proportion of patients free of clinically significant cancer as defined as > Grade Group 1 at 1-year follow-up biopsy), imaging characteristics of patients pre and post RTIRE, impact on quality of life (QoL), and PSA kinetics. Discussion: Combining IRE with a reduced dose radiotherapy may offer a new treatment paradigm for PCa by both reducing treatment effects of full dose radiotherapy and minimizing the risk of recurrence observed with focal therapy. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05345444. Date of registration: April 25, 2022. Protocol version: 6.0, July 7, 2023.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase II" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "studyFamilyId": "aile-ab87e7dc28", "studyRelation": "conference-version-of", "relationEvidence": [ "ayni-ilk-yazar:diven", "yil-farki:1", "belge-turu:kongre-ozeti" ], "relationConfidence": "high", "countRepresentative": null, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-457a45f09616", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal Minimally Invasive Treatment in Localized Prostate Cancer: Comprehensive Review of Different Possible Strategies", "authors": "Faiella et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16040765", "pmid": "38398156", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Focal therapy is a promising, minimally invasive method for the treatment of patients with localized prostate cancer. According to the existing literature, there is growing evidence for positive functional outcomes and oncological effectiveness. The aim of this review is to evaluate the technical efficacy of three minimally invasive techniques (cryoablation, electroporation, and microwave ablation) and their impact on quality of life in patients with prostate cancer. Methods: Studies between January 2020 and July 2023 were selected using PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library and analyzed following PRISMA guidelines; they have not been registered. Results: Twenty-three studies investigating three different sources of energy to deliver focal therapy were found. Thirteen studies evaluated the performance of the cryoablation therapy, seven studies of the irreversible electroporation, and three studies of microwave ablation option. The majority of studies were retrospective cohort studies. Cryoablation showed excellent oncological outcomes for low-grade prostate cancer, whether performed on the lesion, on the hemigland, or on the entire gland, with the best results obtained for patients with intermediate risk. Irreversible electroporation showed promising oncological outcomes with no significant changes in functional outcomes. Microwave ablation showed great early functional outcomes. Conclusions: The oncological effectiveness of minimally invasive treatment in comparison to standard of care is still under investigation, despite encouraging results in terms of functional outcomes improvement and adverse events reduction. More comprehensive research is needed to fully understand the function of minimally invasive treatment in patients with localized PCa.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4f5fd9cc49f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Targeted Ablation Using Ultrasound-Guided Irreversible Electroporation of Index Tumors (TARGET Study): Prospective Development Study Evaluating Safety, Patient-Reported Outcomes, and Oncologic Efficacy", "authors": "Fainberg et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Urol Pract", "doi": "10.1097/UPJ.0000000000000666", "pmid": "39196716", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Introduction: We studied patient-reported functional outcomes, safety, and oncologic efficacy of focal irreversible electroporation as a primary treatment for intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Methods: Between February 2015 and April 2017, 20 consecutive patients elected irreversible electroporation and underwent 22…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a79070447a3a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation of localised prostate cancer downregulates immune suppression and induces systemic anti-tumour T-cell activation - IRE-IMMUNO study", "authors": "Geboers et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.16496", "pmid": "39101639", "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmün Kontrol Noktası İnhibitörü Kombinasyonu", "Sistemik / Abskopal İmmün Yanıt" ], "abstract": "Objectives: To prospectively compare systemic anti-tumour immune responses induced by irreversible electroporation (IRE) and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients with localised intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Patients and methods: Between February 2021 and June 2022, before and after…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-2c4fa55a4f55", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A Description and Safety Overview of Irreversible Electroporation for Prostate Tissue Ablation in Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients: Preliminary Results from the PRESERVE Trial", "authors": "George et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16122178", "pmid": "38927884", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The PRESERVE study (NCT04972097) aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the NanoKnife System to ablate prostate tissue in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). The NanoKnife uses irreversible electroporation (IRE) to deliver high-voltage electrical pulses to change the permeability of cell membranes, leading to cell death. A total of 121 subjects with organ-confined PCa ≤ T2c, prostate-specific antigens (PSAs) ≤ 15 ng/mL, and a Gleason score of 3 + 4 or 4 + 3 underwent focal ablation of the index lesion. The primary endpoints included negative in-field biopsy and adverse event incidence, type, and severity through 12 months. At the time of analysis, the trial had completed accrual with preliminary follow-up available. Demographics, disease characteristics, procedural details, PSA responses, and adverse events (AEs) are presented. The median (IQR) age at screening was 67.0 (61.0-72.0) years and Gleason distribution 3 + 4 (80.2%) and 4 + 3 (19.8%). At 6 months, all patients with available data (n = 74) experienced a median (IQR) percent reduction in PSA of 67.6% (52.3-82.2%). Only ten subjects (8.3%) experienced a Grade 3 adverse event; five were procedure-related. No Grade ≥ 4 AEs were reported. This study supports prior findings that IRE prostate ablation with the NanoKnife System can be performed safely. Final results are required to fully assess oncological, functional, and safety outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-05f3e160a59f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Effects of bipolar irreversible electroporation with different pulse durations in a prostate cancer mouse model", "authors": "Kim", "year": 2024, "journal": "Sci Rep", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-60413-y", "pmid": "38688960", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Nekroz ve Nekroptoz" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique for local tumor treatment known to be influenced by pulse duration and voltage settings, affecting its efficacy. This study aims to investigate the effects of bipolar IRE with different pulse durations in a prostate cancer mouse model. The therapeutic effectiveness was assessed with in vitro cell experiments, in vivo tumor volume changes with magnetic resonance imaging, and gross and histological analysis in a mouse model. The tumor volume continuously decreased over time in all IRE-treated groups. The tumor volume changes, necroptosis (%), necrosis (%), the degree of TUNEL-positive cell expression, and ROS1-positive cell (%) in the long pulse duration-treated groups (300 μs) were significantly increased compared to the short pulse duration-treated groups (100 μs) (all p < 0.001). The bipolar IRE with a relatively long pulse duration at the same voltage significantly increased IRE-induced cell death in a prostate cancer mouse model.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-99944f2b0073", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Advances in irreversible electroporation for prostate cancer", "authors": "Liu", "year": 2024, "journal": "Discov Oncol", "doi": "10.1007/s12672-024-01570-4", "pmid": "39589586", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation is a nonthermal ablation technique that uses a high-voltage electric current to create nanosized pores in the cell membrane of a malignant tumor, thus resulting in cell death. In recent years, an increasing number of clinical studies have shown that irreversible electroporation is a safe…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-83628528c1b5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A Preliminary Follow-Up Study on Irreversible Electroporation Therapy for Elderly Prostate Cancer Patients", "authors": "Xia et al", "year": 2024, "journal": null, "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-5378492/v1", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Prostate cancer is a prevalent condition among elderly males, with radical prostatectomy being the standard treatment. However, this procedure can inevitably impact urinary and sexual functions. Irreversible electroporation represents an innovative therapeutic approach that employs high-voltage electrical pulses to selectively eradicate tumor cells, potentially preserving vital normal tissue. Materials and methods This follow-up study included 11 elderly prostate cancer patients who underwent IRE therapy from November 2021 to December 2023. The cohort was aged 66–77 years with a median preoperative PSA of 9.46 ng/mL. Based on the D'Amico risk classification criteria, patients were divided into low (n = 4), intermediate (n = 6), and high-risk (n = 1) groups. Follow-up exams were conducted every 3 to 6 months to assess PSA levels, imaging, and urinary/sexual function. Results Postoperatively, there was a significant decline in PSA levels across all patients, with a mean nadir of 0.78 ng/mL. The cumulative clinically significant prostate cancer recurrence rate was 27.3% at 30 months. Complications included urinary issues in 3 patients (27.3%), urethral pain in 2 patients (18.2%), and sexual dysfunction in 1 patient (9.1%). Conclusion This study suggests that IRE therapy is a safe and effective treatment option for elderly prostate cancer patients, with promising results in preserving urinary and sexual functions. However, the recurrence rate is higher than historical controls, indicating the need for further research to optimize treatment outcomes.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Ön Baskı", "sourceNote": "Ön baskı, hakem sürecinden geçmemiş", "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Ön Baskı", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4dfe6f377736", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation ablation for the prostate in Beagle dogs", "authors": "Xing et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Transl Androl Urol", "doi": "10.21037/tau-24-108", "pmid": "39434756", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Elektrik Alan Dağılımı ve Modellemesi", "Darbe Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Ablation procedures have garnered significant attention as a minimally invasive treatment of prostate diseases. However, the feasibility and safety of applying high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) to ablate the Beagle prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatment have not been…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0209260166c2", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Salvage irreversible electroporation for locally recurrent prostate cancer after definitive radiotherapy: a systematic review", "authors": "Yilmaz et al", "year": 2024, "journal": "Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis", "doi": "10.1038/s41391-024-00926-9", "pmid": "39623055", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: To systematically evaluate the available evidence regarding the effect of salvage irreversible electroporation (IRE) in patients with local recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) after definitive radiotherapy (RT). Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed-MEDLINE and the Web…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-358ec2fc7199", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "A systematic review and meta-analysis of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy versus laparoscopic focal therapy for small renal masses", "authors": "Dan et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Medicine (Baltimore)", "doi": "10.1097/MD.0000000000044048", "pmid": "40826686", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Background: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and laparoscopic focal therapy (LFT) have emerged as minimally invasive alternatives for managing small renal masses. Despite their increasing clinical adoption, comparative evidence regarding their clinical profiles remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis comprehensively evaluates perioperative outcomes, renal function preservation, and oncological efficacy between these 2 interventions for small renal mass treatment. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed to identify comparative studies evaluating LPN versus LFT including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, irreversible electroporation, and stereotactic body radiation therapy. Statistical synthesis was performed using random-effects models to calculate pooled mean differences (MD) and odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) through Review Manager, version 5.2 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom) Stata v.12.0 (Stata Corp LLC, College Station, TX). Results: The meta-analysis incorporated 10 studies encompassing 1247 participants. Compared with LPN, LFT demonstrated significantly shorter operating time (MD -51.76, 95% CI -88.22 to -15.30; I2 = 97%, P = .005) and reduced estimated blood loss (MD -107.92, 95% CI -139.35 to -76.48; I2 = 15%, P < .00001). LFT interventions also showed advantages in postoperative recovery, with shorter length of stay (MD -1.61; CI -2.44 to -0.78; I2 = 91%, P = .0001) and better preservation of renal function as measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (MD -8.21; CI -10.77 to -.64; I2 = 0%, P < .00001). However, LFTs were associated with a 3.42-fold increased risk of local tumor recurrence (odds ratios 3.42; CI 1.25-9.33; I2 = 0%, P = .02). No significant between-group differences were observed in overall complication rates (P > .05). Conclusion: LPN demonstrates superior oncological control with reduced local recurrence risks relative to LFT. Conversely, LFT exhibit significant advantages in nephron preservation, minimized intraoperative hemorrhage, and accelerated length of stay. In the contemporary minimally invasive treatment paradigm, clinical decision-making requires careful consideration of tumor biology, renal functional reserve, and individualized risk-benefit profiles to optimize therapeutic strategies.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Meta-Analysis", "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-08f79bdacb82", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Optilume drug-coated balloon dilation for treatment of post-prostate cancer ablative therapy urethral stricture: a case series", "authors": "Hertz et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Transl Androl Urol", "doi": "10.21037/tau-2025-404", "pmid": "41132360", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Optilume-drug coated balloon as emerged as a less invasive management of recurrent bulbar urethral strictures. Data is still emerging in terms of its efficacy with regards to other stricture types. Additionally, ablative therapies (whether focal or whole gland) are also becoming more common for management…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "indexTypes": [ "Case Reports" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-a5f09dee23f0", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Extraprostatic Needle Canal Recurrence of Localized Prostate Cancer After Nanoknife Electroporation Ablation Diagnosed with PSMA PET/MRI", "authors": "Jochumsen et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Nucl Med Mol Imaging", "doi": "10.1007/s13139-025-00913-5", "pmid": "40385365", "studyType": "Vaka Raporu", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": "Cancer After Nanoknife Electroporation Ablation Diagnosed with PSMA PET/ MRI Mads Ryø Jochumsen1,2,3 · Lise Medrud4 · Lars Anders Høst5 · Peter Iversen1,2 Received: 19 December 2024 / Revised: 16 February 2025 / Accepted: 20 February 2025 / Published online: 15 March 2025 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine 2025 We present an interesting image with extraprostatic recurrence after Nanoknife Electroporation Ablation, detected with [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/MRI. The recurrence extends from the prostate apex towards the perineum, anterior to the rectum, potentially spreading along the needle canal (seeding). The literature regarding localization of the ablated tumour and the risk of recurrence is scarce, however the current case could indicate that focal treatment of superficial, apical tumours could be challenging (Fig. 1).", "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Raporu", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek" }, { "id": "ref-e57afa8eb993", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Sexual function outcomes in men undergoing minimal invasive ablative techniques for prostate cancer: a ESRU/YAU urotech systematic review and pooled analysis", "authors": "Piramide et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Minerva Urol Nephrol", "doi": "10.23736/S2724-6051.25.06007-0", "pmid": "40528769", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Introduction: In the latest years the advent of minimally invasive focal treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) has gained a wide diffusion. Different platforms and sources of energy have been developed (HIFU, cryotherapy, focal brachytherapy…) and reported to be able to effectively treat PCa with minimal impact on…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Systematic Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4cda7c7cd781", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Available Technologies, Patient Selection, Follow-Up Protocols and Reported Outcomes", "authors": "Pow-Sang et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Arch Esp Urol", "doi": "10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20257809.147", "pmid": "41339218", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "The first description of focal therapy (FT) for prostate cancer was by Gary Onik when he described the use of hemigland cryoablation. Currently, focal therapy is performed using different energy modalities: (1) Cryotherapy, (2) irreversible electroporation, (3) high-intensity focused ultrasound, (4) transurethral…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-5d07ebecb169", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Focal Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer A Case Series with Cost Analysis", "authors": "Sandberg et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Curr Oncol", "doi": "10.3390/curroncol32090476", "pmid": "41002546", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Focal therapy for prostate cancer (PCa) provides approaches to treat PCa patients in a less invasive manner than traditional whole-gland surgical or radiation modalities. This manuscript provides a case series of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryoablation, and irreversible electroporation (IRE) for PCa at a single institution and cost analysis with a review of the literature. All patients who underwent HIFU, cryoablation, or IRE for localized PCa were retrospectively reviewed, excluding patients who received whole-gland therapy. Functional outcomes were erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms. Cost data were collected. A total of 45 patients were included in the study with focal therapy ranging from 2023 to 2025 (4 HIFU, 20 cryoablation, 21 IRE). A total of 30 patients had focally treated lesions, and 15 patients had hemi-gland treatment. The mean preoperative PSA was 7.7 ng/mL. On the paired sample t-test, there was no significant difference between pre-focal and post-focal therapy PSA. Three patients experienced biochemical recurrence requiring prostate biopsy after focal treatment. Mean cost was USD 3804.50 and not significantly different by focal treatment. No metastatic events occurred nor deaths at a median follow-up of 6 months. Patients in this series had largely unaltered functional outcomes. Cost analysis in contemporary publications is lacking. Although follow-up was short, cancer control was adequate.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Kozmetik ve fonksiyonel sonuç" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-41a3befe2f2f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Oncological Efficacy and Safety of Minimally Invasive Focal and Whole-Gland Interventions in the Treatment of Low- and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "authors": "Skribek et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Cancers (Basel)", "doi": "10.3390/cancers17172863", "pmid": "40940959", "studyType": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and objective: Minimally invasive interventions, including irreversible electroporation (IRE), cryoablation, and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), offer promising alternatives for the treatment of low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer. We aimed to evaluate the oncological efficacy and safety of these treatments. Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Central, and EMBASE was conducted up to 5 January 2025, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Recurrence, complication, survival, biochemical, and retreatment rates were evaluated, with risk of bias assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) tools. Results: 85 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 42 prospective cohort studies, 36 retrospective cohort studies, six registries, and one randomized controlled trial. Whole-gland HIFU showed significantly lower recurrence (15%) and postoperative mean PSA levels (0.68 ng/mL) than focal HIFU (24%, 2.81 ng/mL). Recurrence rates were similar for focal vs. extended IRE (30% vs. 26%) and focal vs. whole-gland cryoablation (18% vs. 13%). In-field and out-of-field recurrence rates were similar across treatment modalities (5-15%). Retreatment rates were low, with 6-7% of patients receiving a second ablation and 2-8% progressing to radical or hormonal therapy. Major complications were consistently rare. One-year biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) exceeded 95%, and five-year BRFS approached 80% for HIFU and cryoablation. Conclusions: Minimally invasive focal and whole-gland therapies are safe and effective for treating low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, with high survival and low major complication rates. Notably, whole-gland HIFU achieves superior biochemical control and lower recurrence than focal HIFU, emphasizing the clinical importance of treatment extent.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Sistematik Derleme / Meta-Analiz", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "conflict", "validationStatus": "quarantined_from_scoring", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "karsilastirici", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "karsilastirmali", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-2ac01be3f02d", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Efficacy and Safety of High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Randomized Controlled, Open-label, Multi-Center Clinical Study", "authors": "Tong et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Urology", "doi": "10.1016/j.urology.2025.03.029", "pmid": "40122290", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-frequency irreversible electroporation for ablation of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and methods: One hundred sixty subjects were randomly assigned to the test group to receive ablation and the control group to receive 0.2 mg/day tamsulosin. The maximum…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e6fc7daf34bc", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Adjunctive techniques for renal cell carcinoma ablation an update", "authors": "Torres", "year": 2025, "journal": "Front Radiol", "doi": "10.3389/fradi.2025.1559411", "pmid": "40165795", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Percutaneous ablation therapies currently play a major role in the management of T1a and T1b renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These therapies include thermal ablative technologies like radiofrequency (RFA), microwave (MWA) and cryoablation, as well as emerging techniques like irreversible electroporation (IRE) and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). These therapies are safe and effective, with their low complication rate being mostly related to the minimal invasive character. To increase the outcomes and safety of ablation, particularly in the setting of larger tumors, adjunctive techniques may be useful. These include pre-ablation trans-arterial embolization (TAE) and thermal protective measures. TAE is an endovascular procedure consisting of vascular access, catheterization and embolization of renal vessels supplying target tumor, with different embolic materials available. The purpose of combining TAE and ablation is manifold: to reduce vascularization and improve local tumor control, to reduce complications (including the risk of bleeding), to enhance tumor visibility and localization, as well as to improve cost-efficiency of the procedure. Thermal protective strategies are important to minimize damage to adjacent structures, requiring accurate knowledge of anatomy and proper patient positioning. In RCC ablation, strategies are needed to protect the adjacent nerves, as well as the visceral and muscular organs. These include placement of thermocouples, hydro- or gas-dissection, balloon interposition, pyeloperfusion and skin protection maneuvers. The purpose of this review article is to discuss the updated role of ablation in RCC management, to describe the status of adjunctive techniques for RCC ablation; in addition it will offer a review of the literature on adjunctive techniques for RCC ablation. and report upon future directions.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-9b01a28e37ee", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation synergizes with oncolytic virus enhances the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the tumor immune microenvironment: a leap from focal therapy to immunotherapy for prostate cancer", "authors": "Xia et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "J Immunother Cancer", "doi": "10.1136/jitc-2024-009794", "pmid": "40234089", "studyType": "Hayvan Çalışması", "model": "Hayvan (İn Vivo)", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a non-thermal focal therapy, employs high-frequency electrical pulses to create tumor cell membrane nanopores, inducing immunogenic cell death. By triggering damage-associated molecular patterns, IRE activates dendritic cells (DCs) to prime systemic cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Hayvan Çalışması", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-23931749be32", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "Preliminary clinical outcomes of irreversible electroporation in the management of prostatic hyperplasia", "authors": "Yu et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "Medicine (Baltimore)", "doi": "10.1097/MD.0000000000046166", "pmid": "41327666", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of IRE (irreversible electroporation) ablation in the management of BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia). Clinical data from 9 patients with prostate hyperplasia who underwent IRE treatment between September 2022 and August 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Outcomes were assessed to determine the effectiveness and safety of IRE in ablating hyperplastic prostate tissue. IRE ablation was successfully performed in all patients. Postoperative assessments showed no significant reduction in prostate volume compared to preoperative measurements, This might be related to the mechanism of action of IRE. However, maximum urine flow rate significantly increased, and PVR (residual urine volume) significantly decreased. Additionally, the IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score) showed a statistically significant improvement (P < .05) compared to preoperative values. Sexual function remained largely unaffected. Adverse reactions were reported in 2 cases (22%). IRE has demonstrated better efficacy and an acceptable safety profile, accompanied by a low incidence of postoperative complications in the treatment of BPH. This technique provides a novel alternative for clinical management. However, due to the limited sample size in this study, further validation through long-term follow-up studies and expanded cohorts is necessary to confirm its sustained effectiveness.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-731c4f43b81c", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "The diagnostic value of MRI for persistent prostate cancer following irreversible electroporation focal therapy", "authors": "Zhang et al", "year": 2025, "journal": "BJU Int", "doi": "10.1111/bju.16720", "pmid": "40183286", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for persistent prostate cancer after irreversible electroporation (IRE) therapy. Patients and methods: This is a post hoc analysis from a multicentre randomised trial, in which men with localised low- to intermediate-risk prostate…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Randomized Controlled Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-e63aa24f2935", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prostate imaging after focal ablation scoring after irreversible electroporation treatment in localized prostate cancer: Diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader agreement", "authors": "Altan et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Eur J Radiol", "doi": "10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.112948", "pmid": "42172740", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Detecting recurrence after focal therapy for prostate cancer is challenging due to treatment-induced MRI changes and unreliable PSA kinetics. The Prostate Imaging after Focal Ablation (PI-FAB) scoring system was developed to standardize post-treatment MRI interpretation, yet validation in irreversible…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-0153a7c464b3", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Two-Year Outcomes from the PRESERVE Trial: Durable Oncologic Control Following Focal Irreversible Electroporation Ablation for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Coleman et al", "year": 2026, "journal": null, "doi": "10.64898/2026.05.08.26352470", "pmid": null, "studyType": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "The PRESERVE trial ( NCT04972097 ) is a prospective, single-arm pivotal IDE study evaluating focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) using the NanoKnife System for intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Men with Gleason Grade Group 2–3 disease underwent focal IRE and were followed for durability of oncologic control and…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "crossref", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Prospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-08a164edb810", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation for Prostate Tissue Ablation in Patients with Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer: Results from the PRESERVE Trial", "authors": "George et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Eur Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.eururo.2025.06.003", "pmid": "40685282", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background and objective: The PRESERVE study (NCT04972097) assessed the safety and effectiveness of irreversible electroporation (IRE) with the NanoKnife System to ablate prostate tissue in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: This prospective, nonrandomized, single-arm pivotal trial included patients in the USA who met the key inclusion criteria: age >50 yr with organ-confined, grade group 2 or 3 PCa, clinical stage ≤T2c, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≤15 ng/ml, or PSA density <0.15 ng/ml 2 . The primary endpoints were the rate of local pathological complete response (negative in-field biopsy) and the incidence, type, and severity of adverse events by 12 mo. The secondary endpoints included PSA kinetics, changes in prostate volume, retreatment, and urinary/sexual function. Key findings and limitations: Of the 121 patients treated with IRE, the negative in-field biopsy rate at 12 mo was 71% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 62%, 79%). The secondary endpoint of negative in-field biopsy rate defined by the Delphi consensus criterion was 84% (95% CI: 76%, 90%). The time to median PSA nadir was 3.5 mo, and the median percent reduction in PSA at 6 mo was 68.2%. Urinary function outcomes had a mean change from baseline to 12 mo of 3 in the University of California Los Angeles Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite urinary domain total score and a mean change of -2 in the International Prostate Symptom Score total symptom score. At 12 mo, 84% of patients with good baseline sexual function maintained erections sufficient for penetration. Fourteen (12%) patients experienced Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥3 and three experienced procedure-related grade 3 adverse events. Conclusions and clinical implications: IRE with the NanoKnife System is safe and effective for prostate tissue ablation.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Tam yanıt", "Lokal nüks", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-4792484c427a", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "non-oncology", "applicationArea": "Onkoloji Dışı IRE Uygulamaları", "applicationSlug": "onkoloji-disi-ire", "applicationGroup": "Onkoloji Dışı Uygulamalar", "title": "High-frequency irreversible electroporation versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia (GIANT): a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial", "authors": "He et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "EClinicalMedicine", "doi": "10.1016/j.eclinm.2026.104034", "pmid": "42433275", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold standard for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) but frequently causes retrograde ejaculation and bleeding. High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique offering tissue selectivity. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of H-FIRE versus TURP in men with symptomatic BPH. Methods: In this investigator-initiated, single-centre, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial at Shanghai East Hospital, China, men aged 40 years or older with symptomatic BPH (prostate volume 30-100 mL) were assigned (1:1) to undergo H-FIRE or TURP. To maintain blinding, a sham protocol involving perineal dressings and standardised irrigation was used. The co-primary outcomes were change from baseline in maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) at 3 months. Non-inferiority margins were -4 mL/s for Qmax and 3 points for IPSS. Efficacy was analysed in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05306145. Findings: Between June 30, 2022, and May 25, 2025, 118 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to H-FIRE (n = 59) or TURP (n = 59). H-FIRE was non-inferior to TURP for both primary endpoints: mean Qmax improvement was 7.95 mL/s with H-FIRE versus 7.84 mL/s with TURP (adjusted difference 0.11 mL/s, 95% CI -2.52 to 2.73; p = 0.001 for non-inferiority); mean IPSS reduction was -13.24 versus -13.75 (adjusted difference 0.50, -1.09 to 2.10; p = 0.001 for non-inferiority). Retrograde ejaculation occurred in 0% (0/59) of patients in the H-FIRE group compared with 54.2% (32/59) in the TURP group (p < 0.0001). H-FIRE was associated with greater haemodynamic stability (mean haemoglobin change +0.82 g/L [95% CI -1.84 to 3.48] versus -12.14 g/L [-14.72 to -9.55]; p < 0.0001) but required longer postoperative catheterisation (median 19 days [IQR 15.0-22.0] versus 4 days [4.0-5.0]). There were no grade 3-4 adverse events, and no deaths occurred in either group. Interpretation: At 3 months, H-FIRE provided short-term functional improvement non-inferior to TURP while completely preserving ejaculatory function and minimising blood loss. Although associated with longer temporary catheterisation due to tissue resorption, H-FIRE represents a viable function-sparing alternative for men prioritising sexual health and offers potential for ambulatory management. Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82373048) and National Natural Science Foundation of China for Youth (No. 82303612).", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-3939b68596a5", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Combination of Radiation Therapy and Irreversible Electroporation for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer (RTIRE): A Phase 1 Trial", "authors": "McClure et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Radiology", "doi": "10.1148/radiol.250848", "pmid": "42517770", "studyType": "Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal local therapy for prostate cancer (PCa). However, the feasibility, outcomes, and safety of reduced-dose radiation therapy (RT) following IRE (RTIRE) for the treatment of intermediate-risk PCa are unknown. Purpose To assess the feasibility of RTIRE for the…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial, Phase I" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "auto_confirmed", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-3e1df4d1710f", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Perioperative Safety and Early Oncologic Outcomes of Salvage Irreversible Electroporation for Radiorecurrent Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Noakes et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Prostate", "doi": "10.1002/pros.70193", "pmid": "42070272", "studyType": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu" ], "abstract": "Background: Local recurrence after definitive radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa) remains a challenging clinical problem. Salvage irreversible electroporation (sIRE) is a non-thermal focal ablation approach with limited published evidence in the radiorecurrent setting. We report safety and early oncologic outcomes…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Retrospektif Klinik Çalışma", "validationStatus": "auto_corrected", "tierEligible": true, "countsTowardMaturity": true, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Lokal nüks" ], "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-4a5619c8f752", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Prospective Multicentre Validation of Focal Irreversible Electroporation as an Attractive Treatment Option for Localised Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer", "authors": "Scheltema et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Eur Urol", "doi": "10.1016/j.eururo.2025.10.003", "pmid": "41107181", "studyType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "model": null, "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": null, "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": "pdf-giris", "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "excerptFlag": "bozuk-cikarim", "documentType": "Editöryal / Mektup", "studyDesign": "Belirlenmedi", "indexTypes": [ "Editorial" ], "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "yok", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "komsu" }, { "id": "ref-c16d95548e03", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible electroporation in prostate cancer: efficacy, tumor immune microenvironment remodeling, and combination immunotherapy-a narrative review", "authors": "Xiao et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "Transl Androl Urol", "doi": "10.21037/tau-2025-aw-871", "pmid": "41809804", "studyType": "Derleme", "model": "Literatür Analizi", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İmmünojenik Hücre Ölümü (ICD)" ], "abstract": "Background and objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) endangers male health, with conventional treatments limited by poor efficacy and high complications. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique that may achieve local tumor control and transiently modulate the tumor immune microenvironment…", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Derleme", "indexTypes": [ "Review" ], "indexAgreement": "confirmed", "validationStatus": "insufficient", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "abstractRights": "excerpt", "abstractLicense": "cc-by-nc-nd", "abstractTruncated": true }, { "id": "ref-27e0c1fe6a12", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Prostat ve Ürolojik Tümörler", "applicationSlug": "prostat-ve-urolojik-tumorler", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "(Cost-)effectiveness of focal therapy versus radical therapy (standard of care) in the treatment of men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer: study protocol for the ENFORCE focal randomised controlled trial", "authors": "te Molder et al", "year": 2026, "journal": "BMJ Open", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2026-117276", "pmid": "42419881", "studyType": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü" ], "abstract": "Background: Intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa) is currently managed with radical whole-gland therapies, such as radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT). While effective, these treatments can significantly impact quality of life (QoL), particularly in relation to urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Focal therapy poses a promising alternative for whole-gland treatment in this specific patient population; however, current evidence has primarily been limited to phase I and II studies. Robust prospective evidence is needed to determine whether focal therapy can be considered a safe alternative for management of intermediate-risk PCa. The objective of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to evaluate the oncological effectiveness, QoL and cost-effectiveness of focal therapy compared with radical treatment as standard of care. Methods: This ENFORCE focal study is designed as a multicentre RCT with six participating centres that perform focal therapy in the Netherlands. Patients are included after receiving informed consent and are thereafter 1:1 randomised between focal therapy, consisting of high-intensity focused ultrasound, irreversible electroporation or transurethral ultrasound ablation and radical treatment, consisting of RT or RP. A total of 356 patients will be enrolled. This study has two co-primary endpoints, oncological effectiveness at 36 months (non-inferiority) and QoL at 12 months (superiority) both of which must be met to demonstrate overall trial success. Follow-up will be at least 3 years, with a maximum of 5 years to gain information regarding long-term outcomes. The set follow-up visits are 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and yearly thereafter. At the follow-up visits, clinical data will be collected, and questionnaires regarding QoL and costs will be administered. Furthermore, at 9 months and 18 months, prostate-specific antigen will be monitored in alignment with European guidelines on follow-up after RP and RT. Primary analyses will be conducted using intention-to-treat analyses. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained from the Medical Research Ethical Committee Oost-Nederland (NL83913.091.23, primary approval in December 2023; last approved version 10 July 2025). The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed medical journals, and data will be accessible. Trial registration: NCT06223295.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Protokol", "studyDesign": "Randomize Klinik Çalışma", "indexTypes": [ "Clinical Trial Protocol" ], "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "arka_plan", "clinicalModality": "diger-elektroporasyon", "electroporationRegime": "reversible", "portalFocus": "komsu", "outcomes": [ "Yaşam kalitesi" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" }, { "id": "ref-275226b25b14", "idBasis": "doi", "modality": "IRE", "technologyCategory": "comparator", "applicationArea": "Vulvar Kanser", "applicationSlug": "vulvar-kanser", "applicationGroup": "Ürojinekolojik Tümörler", "title": "Irreversible Electroporation to Treat Malignant Tumor Recurrences Within the Pelvic Cavity A Case Series", "authors": "Vroomen et al", "year": 2017, "journal": "Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol", "doi": "10.1007/s00270-017-1657-6", "pmid": "28470395", "studyType": "Vaka Serisi", "model": "İnsan", "mechanisms": [ "İrreversible Por Oluşumu ve Hücre Ölümü", "Reversible Membran Permeabilizasyonu", "Hemostaz ve Kanama Kontrolü" ], "abstract": "Objective: To describe the initial experience with irreversible electroporation (IRE) to treat pelvic tumor recurrences. Methods: A retrospective single-center analysis was performed. Adverse events were recorded using Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events (CTCAE) 4.0. Clinical outcome was determined using pain- and general- symptom assessment, including Seddon's peripheral nerve injury (PNI) types. Radiological outcome was evaluated by comparing baseline with three-month 18F-FDG PET-CT follow-up. Results: Eight patients (nine tumors [recurrences of primary rectal (n = 4), anal (n = 1), sigmoid (n = 1), cervical (n = 1), and renal cell carcinoma (n = 1)]) underwent percutaneous IRE as salvage therapy. Median longest tumor diameter was 3.7 cm (range 1.2-7.0). One CTCAE grade III adverse event (hemorrhage) and eight CTCAE grade II complications occurred in 6/8 patients: vagino-tumoral fistula (n = 1), lower limb motor loss (n = 3; PNI type II) with partial recovery in one patient, hypotonic bladder (n = 2; PNI types I and II) with complete recovery in one patient, and upper limb motor loss (n = 2; PNI type II) with partial recovery in both patients. No residual tumor tissue was observed at 3-month follow-up. After a median follow-up of 12 months, local progression was observed in 5/9 lesions (4/5 were >3 cm pre-IRE); one lesion was successfully retreated. Debilitating preprocedural pain (n = 3) remained unchanged (n = 1) or improved (n = 2). Conclusion: IRE may represent a suitable technique to treat pelvic tumor recurrences, although permanent neural function loss can occur. Complete ablation seems realistic for smaller lesions; for larger lesions symptom control should be the focus.", "leadExcerpt": null, "abstractSource": null, "docType": "Makale", "sourceNote": null, "ocrFlag": false, "metaSource": "pubmed", "documentType": "Makale", "studyDesign": "Vaka Serisi", "validationStatus": "conflict", "tierEligible": false, "countsTowardMaturity": false, "interventionRole": "incelenen_girisim", "clinicalModality": "ire", "electroporationRegime": "irreversible", "portalFocus": "cekirdek", "outcomes": [ "Semptom kontrolü ve palyasyon", "Güvenlik ve tolerabilite" ], "abstractRights": "open", "abstractLicense": "cc-by" } ]